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Document usage of the TelegramClient with examples
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readthedocs/extra/examples/telegram-client.rst
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readthedocs/extra/examples/telegram-client.rst
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========================
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Examples with the Client
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========================
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This section explores the methods defined in the :ref:`telegram-client`
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with some practical examples. The section assumes that you have imported
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the ``telethon.sync`` package and that you have a client ready to use.
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.. contents::
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Authorization
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*************
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Starting the client is as easy as calling `client.start()
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<telethon.client.auth.AuthMethods.start>`:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.start()
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... # code using the client
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client.disconnect()
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And you can even use a ``with`` block:
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.. code-block:: python
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with client:
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... # code using the client
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Group Chats
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***********
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You can easily iterate over all the :tl:`User` in a chat and
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do anything you want with them by using `client.iter_participants
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<telethon.client.chats.ChatMethods.iter_participants>`:
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.. code-block:: python
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for user in client.iter_participants(chat):
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... # do something with the user
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You can also search by their name:
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.. code-block:: python
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for user in client.iter_participants(chat, search='name'):
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...
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Or by their type (e.g. if they are admin) with :tl:`ChannelParticipantsFilter`:
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.. code-block:: python
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from telethon.tl.types import ChannelParticipantsAdmins
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for user in client.iter_participants(chat, filter=ChannelParticipantsAdmins):
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...
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Open Conversations and Joined Channels
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**************************************
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The conversations you have open and the channels you have joined
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are in your "dialogs", so to get them you need to `client.get_dialogs
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<telethon.client.dialogs.DialogMethods.get_dialogs>`:
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.. code-block:: python
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dialogs = client.get_dialogs()
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first = dialogs[0]
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print(first.title)
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You can then use the dialog as if it were a peer:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.send_message(first, 'hi')
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You can access `dialog.draft <telethon.tl.custom.draft.Draft>` or you can
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get them all at once without getting the dialogs:
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.. code-block:: python
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drafts = client.get_drafts()
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Downloading Media
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*****************
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It's easy to `download_profile_photo
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<telethon.client.downloads.DownloadMethods.download_profile_photo>`:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.download_profile_method(user)
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Or `download_media <telethon.client.downloads.DownloadMethods.download_media>`
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from a message:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.download_media(message)
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client.download_media(message, filename)
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# or
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message.download_media()
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message.download_media(filename)
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Remember that these methods return the final filename where the
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media was downloaded (e.g. it may add the extension automatically).
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Getting Messages
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****************
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You can easily iterate over all the `messages
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<telethon.tl.custom.message.Message>` of a chat with `iter_messages
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<telethon.client.messages.MessageMethods.iter_messages>`:
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.. code-block:: python
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for message in client.iter_messages(chat):
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... # do something with the message from recent to older
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for message in client.iter_messages(chat, reverse=True):
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... # going from the oldest to the most recent
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You can also use it to search for messages from a specific person:
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.. code-block:: python
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for message in client.iter_messages(chat, from_user='me'):
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...
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Or you can search by text:
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.. code-block:: python
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for message in client.iter_messages(chat, search='hello'):
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...
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Or you can search by media with a :tl:`MessagesFilter`:
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.. code-block:: python
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from telethon.tl.types import InputMessagesFilterPhotos
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for message in client.iter_messages(chat, filter=InputMessagesFilterPhotos):
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...
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If you want a list instead, use the get variant. The second
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argument is the limit, and ``None`` means "get them all":
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.. code-block:: python
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from telethon.tl.types import InputMessagesFilterPhotos
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# Get 0 photos and print the total
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photos = client.get_messages(chat, 0, filter=InputMessagesFilterPhotos)
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print(photos.total)
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# Get all the photos
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photos = client.get_messages(chat, None, filter=InputMessagesFilterPhotos)
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Or just some IDs:
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.. code-block:: python
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message_1337 = client.get_messages(chats, ids=1337)
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Sending Messages
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****************
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Just use `send_message <telethon.client.messages.MessageMethods.send_message>`:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.send_message('lonami', 'Thanks for the Telethon library!')
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The function returns the `custom.Message <telethon.tl.custom.message.Message>`
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that was sent so you can do more things with it if you want.
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You can also `reply <telethon.tl.custom.message.Message.reply>` or
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`respond <telethon.tl.custom.message.Message.respond>` to messages:
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.. code-block:: python
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message.reply('Hello')
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message.respond('World')
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Sending Messages with Media
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***************************
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Sending media can be done with `send_file
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<telethon.client.uploads.UploadMethods.send_file>`:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.send_file(chat, '/my/photos/me.jpg', caption="It's me!")
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# or
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client.send_message(chat, "It's me!", file='/my/photos/me.jpg')
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You can send voice notes or round videos by setting the right arguments:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.send_file(chat, '/my/songs/song.mp3', voice_note=True)
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client.send_file(chat, '/my/videos/video.mp3', video_note=True)
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You can set a JPG thumbnail for any document:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.send_file(chat, '/my/documents/doc.txt', thumb='photo.jpg')
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You can force sending images as documents:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.send_file(chat, '/my/photos/photo.png', force_document=True)
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You can send albums if you pass more than one file:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.send_file(chat, [
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'/my/photos/holiday1.jpg',
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'/my/photos/holiday2.jpg',
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'/my/drawings/portrait.png'
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])
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The caption can also be a list to match the different photos.
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Sending Messages with Buttons
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*****************************
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You must sign in as a bot in order to add inline buttons (or normal
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keyboards) to your messages. Once you have signed in as a bot specify
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the `Button <telethon.tl.custom.button.Button>` or buttons to use:
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.. code-block:: python
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from telethon.tl.custom import Button
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async def callback(event):
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await event.edit('Thank you!')
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client.send_message(chat, 'Hello!',
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buttons=Button.inline('Click me', callback))
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You can also add the event handler yourself, or change the data payload:
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.. code-block:: python
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from telethon import events
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@client.on(events.CallbackQuery)
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async def handler(event):
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await event.answer('You clicked {}!'.format(event.data))
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client.send_message(chat, 'Pick one', buttons=[
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[Button.inline('Left'), Button.inline('Right')],
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[Button.url('Check my site!', 'https://lonamiwebs.github.io')]
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])
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You can also use normal buttons (not inline) to request the user's
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location, phone number, or simply for them to easily send a message:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.send_message(chat, 'Welcome', buttons=[
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Button.text('Thanks!'),
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Button.request_phone('Send phone'),
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Button.request_location('Send location')
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])
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Forcing a reply or removing the keyboard can also be done:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.send_message(chat, 'Reply to me', buttons=Button.force_reply())
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client.send_message(chat, 'Bye Keyboard!', buttons=Button.clear())
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Remember to check `Button <telethon.tl.custom.button.Button>` for more.
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Forwarding Messages
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*******************
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You can forward up to 100 messages with `forward_messages
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<telethon.client.messages.MessageMethods.forward_messages>`,
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or a single one if you have the message with `forward_to
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<telethon.tl.custom.message.Message.forward_to>`:
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.. code-block:: python
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# a single one
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client.forward_messages(chat, message)
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# or
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client.forward_messages(chat, message_id, from_chat)
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# or
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message.forward_to(chat)
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# multiple
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client.forward_messages(chat, messages)
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# or
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client.forward_messages(chat, message_ids, from_chat)
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You can also "forward" messages without showing "Forwarded from" by
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re-sending the message:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.send_message(chat, message)
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Editing Messages
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****************
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With `edit_message <telethon.client.messages.MessageMethods.edit_message>`
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or `message.edit <telethon.tl.custom.message.Message.edit>`:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.edit_message(message, 'New text')
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# or
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message.edit('New text')
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# or
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client.edit_message(chat, message_id, 'New text')
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Deleting Messages
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*****************
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With `delete_messages <telethon.client.messages.MessageMethods.delete_messages>`
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or `message.delete <telethon.tl.custom.message.Message.delete>`. Note that the
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first one supports deleting entire chats at once!:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.delete_messages(chat, messages)
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# or
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message.delete()
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Marking Messages as Read
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************************
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Marking messages up to a certain point as read with `send_read_acknowledge
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<telethon.client.messages.MessageMethods.send_read_acknowledge>`:
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.. code-block:: python
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client.send_read_acknowledge(last_message)
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# or
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client.send_read_acknowledge(last_message_id)
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# or
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client.send_read_acknowledge(messages)
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Getting Entities
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****************
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Entities are users, chats, or channels. You can get them by their ID if
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you have seen them before (e.g. you probably need to get all dialogs or
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all the members from a chat first):
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.. code-block:: python
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from telethon import utils
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me = client.get_entity('me')
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print(utils.get_display_name(me))
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chat = client.get_input_entity('username')
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for message in client.iter_messages(chat):
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...
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# Note that you could have used the username directly, but it's
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# good to use get_input_entity if you will reuse it a lot.
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for message in client.iter_messages('username'):
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...
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some_id = client.get_peer_id('+34123456789')
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The documentation for shown methods are `get_entity
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<telethon.client.users.UserMethods.get_entity>`, `get_input_entity
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<telethon.client.users.UserMethods.get_input_entity>` and `get_peer_id
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<telethon.client.users.UserMethods.get_peer_id>`.
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Note that the utils package also has a `get_peer_id
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<telethon.utils.get_peer_id>` but it won't work with things
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that need access to the network such as usernames or phones,
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which need to be in your contact list.
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@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ heavy job for you, so you can focus on developing an application.
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:maxdepth: 2
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:caption: Examples
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extra/examples/telegram-client
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extra/examples/working-with-messages
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extra/examples/chats-and-channels
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extra/examples/users
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