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Patched code generator and updated README.rst removing markdown leftovers

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README.rst
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@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ Being written **entirely** on Python, Telethon can run as a script under any env
or use it in any other script you have. Want to send a message to someone when you're available? Write a script.
Do you want check for new messages at a given time and find relevant ones? Write a script.
Hungry for more API calls which the :code:`TelegramClient` class doesn't *seem* to have implemented?
Please read [this section](#using-more-than-just-telegramclient).
Hungry for more API calls which the ``TelegramClient`` class doesn't *seem* to have implemented?
Please read `Using more than just TelegramClient`_.
Obtaining your Telegram :code:`API ID` and :code:`Hash`
=======================================================
Obtaining your Telegram ``API ID`` and ``Hash``
===============================================
In order to use Telethon, you first need to obtain your very own API ID and Hash:
1. Follow `this link <https://my.telegram.org>`_ and login with your phone number.
@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ In order to use Telethon, you first need to obtain your very own API ID and Hash
can be changed later as long as I'm aware.
4. Click on *Create application* at the end.
Now that you know your :code:`API ID` and :code:`Hash`, you can continue installing Telethon.
Now that you know your ``API ID`` and ``Hash``, you can continue installing Telethon.
Installing Telethon
===================
Installing Telethon via :code:`pip`
-----------------------------------
Installing Telethon via ``pip``
-------------------------------
On a terminal, issue the following command:
.. code:: sh
@ -52,11 +52,11 @@ You're ready to go.
Installing Telethon manually
----------------------------
1. Install the required :code:`pyaes` module: :code:`sudo -H pip install pyaes`
1. Install the required ``pyaes`` module: ``sudo -H pip install pyaes``
(`GitHub <https://github.com/ricmoo/pyaes>`_, `package index <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyaes>`_)
2. Clone Telethon's GitHub repository: :code:`git clone https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon.git`
3. Enter the cloned repository: :code:`cd Telethon`
4. Run the code generator: :code:`python3 telethon_generator/tl_generator.py`
2. Clone Telethon's GitHub repository: ``git clone https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon.git``
3. Enter the cloned repository: ``cd Telethon``
4. Run the code generator: ``python3 telethon_generator/tl_generator.py``
5. Done!
Running Telethon
@ -72,45 +72,48 @@ If you've installed Telethon via pip, launch an interactive python3 session and
>>> client = InteractiveTelegramClient('sessionid', '+34600000000',
... api_id=12345, api_hash='0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef')
┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Initialization │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Initialization │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Initializing interactive example...
Connecting to Telegram servers...
>>> client.run()
If, on the other hand, you've installed Telethon manually, head to the :code:`api/` directory and create a
copy of the :code:`settings_example` file, naming it :code:`settings` (lowercase!). Then fill the file with the
corresponding values (your :code:`api_id`, :code:`api_hash` and phone number in international format).
If, on the other hand, you've installed Telethon manually, head to the ``api/`` directory and create a
copy of the ``settings_example`` file, naming it ``settings`` (lowercase!). Then fill the file with the
corresponding values (your ``api_id``, ``api_hash`` and phone number in international format).
Then, simply run :code:`python3 try_telethon.py` to start the interactive example.
Then, simply run ``python3 try_telethon.py`` to start the interactive example.
Advanced uses
=============
Using more than just `TelegramClient`
-------------------------------------
The :code:`TelegramClient` class should be used to provide a quick, well-documented and simplified starting point.
It is **not** meant to be a place for _all_ the available Telegram :code:`Request`'s, because there are simply too many.
However, this doesn't mean that you cannot :code:`invoke` all the power of Telegram's API.
Whenever you need to :code:`invoke` a Telegram :code:`Request`, all you need to do is the following:
.. _Using more than just TelegramClient:
Using more than just ``TelegramClient``
---------------------------------------
The ``TelegramClient`` class should be used to provide a quick, well-documented and simplified starting point.
It is **not** meant to be a place for *all* the available Telegram ``Request``'s, because there are simply too many.
However, this doesn't mean that you cannot ``invoke`` all the power of Telegram's API.
Whenever you need to ``invoke`` a Telegram ``Request``, all you need to do is the following:
.. code:: python
result = client.invoke(SomeRequest(...))
You have just :code:`invoke`'d :code:`SomeRequest` and retrieved its :code:`result`! That wasn't hard at all, was it?
Now you may wonder, what's the deal with *all the power of Telegram's API*? Have a look under :code:`tl/functions/`.
That is *everything* you can do. You have **over 200 API `Request`'s** at your disposal.
You have just ``invoke``'d ``SomeRequest`` and retrieved its ``result``! That wasn't hard at all, was it?
Now you may wonder, what's the deal with *all the power of Telegram's API*? Have a look under ``tl/functions/``.
That is *everything* you can do. You have **over 200 API** ``Request``'s at your disposal.
However, we don't pretty know *how* that :code:`result` looks like. Easy. :code:`print(str(result))` should
give you a quick overview. Nevertheless, there may be more than a single :code:`result`! Let's have a look at
this seemingly innocent :code:`TL` definition:
However, we don't pretty know *how* that ``result`` looks like. Easy. ``print(str(result))`` should
give you a quick overview. Nevertheless, there may be more than a single ``result``! Let's have a look at
this seemingly innocent ``TL`` definition:
`messages.getWebPagePreview#25223e24 message:string = MessageMedia;`
``messages.getWebPagePreview#25223e24 message:string = MessageMedia;``
Focusing on the end, we can see that the `result` of invoking `GetWebPagePreviewRequest` is `MessageMedia`. But how
can `MessageMedia` exactly look like? It's time to have another look, but this time under `tl/types/`:
Focusing on the end, we can see that the ``result`` of invoking ``GetWebPagePreviewRequest`` is ``MessageMedia``.
But how can ``MessageMedia`` exactly look like? It's time to have another look, but this time under ``tl/types/``:
.. code:: sh
@ -128,59 +131,43 @@ can `MessageMedia` exactly look like? It's time to have another look, but this t
│   └── message_media_web_page.py
Those are *eight* different types! How do we know what exact type it is to determine its properties? A simple
:code:`if type(result) == MessageMediaContact:` or similar will do. Now you're ready to take advantage of
``if type(result) == MessageMediaContact:`` or similar will do. Now you're ready to take advantage of
Telegram's polymorphism.
Tips for porting Telethon
-------------------------
First of all, you need to understand how the :code:`scheme.tl` (:code:`TL` language) works. Every object
First of all, you need to understand how the ``scheme.tl`` (``TL`` language) works. Every object
definition is written as follows:
:code:`name#id argument_name:argument_type = CommonType`
``name#id argument_name:argument_type = CommonType``
This means that in a single line you know what the :code:`TLObject` name is. You know it's unique ID, and you
This means that in a single line you know what the ``TLObject`` name is. You know it's unique ID, and you
know what arguments it has. It really isn't that hard to write a generator for generating code to any platform!
The generated code should also be able to *encode* the :code:`Request` into bytes, so they can be sent over
the network. This isn't a big deal either, because you know how the :code:`TLObject`'s are made.
The generated code should also be able to *encode* the ``Request`` into bytes, so they can be sent over
the network. This isn't a big deal either, because you know how the ``TLObject``'s are made.
Once you have your own [code generator](telethon_generator/tl_generator.py), start by looking at the
`first release <https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/releases/tag/v0.1>`_ of Telethon.
The code there is simple to understand, easy to read and hence easy to port. No extra useless features.
Only the bare bones. Perfect for starting a *new implementation*.
P.S.: I may have lied a bit. The :code:`TL` language is not that easy. But it's not that hard either.
You're free to sniff the :code:`parser/` files and learn how to parse other more complex lines.
P.S.: I may have lied a bit. The ``TL`` language is not that easy. But it's not that hard either.
You're free to sniff the ``parser/`` files and learn how to parse other more complex lines.
Or simply use that code and change the [SourceBuilder](telethon_generator/parser/source_builder.py)!
Code generator limitations
--------------------------
The current code generator is not complete, yet adding the missing features would only over-complicate an
already hard-to-read code. Some parts of the :code:`.tl` file *should* be omitted, because they're "built-in"
in the generated code (such as writing booleans, etc.).
In order to make sure that all the generated files will work, please make sure to **always** comment out these
lines in :code:`scheme.tl` (the latest version can always be found
`here <https://github.com/telegramdesktop/tdesktop/blob/master/Telegram/SourceFiles/mtproto/scheme.tl>`_):
.. code:: c
// boolFalse#bc799737 = Bool;
// boolTrue#997275b5 = Bool;
// true#3fedd339 = True;
// vector#1cb5c415 {t:Type} # [ t ] = Vector t;
Also please make sure to rename :code:`updates#74ae4240 ...` to :code:`updates_tg#74ae4240 ...` or similar to
avoid confusion between the :code:`updates` folder and the :code:`updates.py` file! Note that depending on the name,
it may break things somewhere else. So please stick with the suggested name or give one which is still descriptive
enough and easy to remember.
Updating the :code:`scheme.tl`
Notes about the code generator
------------------------------
Have you found a more updated version of the :code:`scheme.tl` file? Those are great news! Updating is as simple
The code generator will skip the types considered as *core types*. These types are usually included in
almost every programming language, such as boolean values or lists, and also the Telegram True flag,
which is *not* sent but rather used to determine whether that flag should be enabled or not.
Updating the ``scheme.tl``
--------------------------
Have you found a more updated version of the ``scheme.tl`` file? Those are great news! Updating is as simple
as grabbing the
`latest version <https://github.com/telegramdesktop/tdesktop/blob/master/Telegram/SourceFiles/mtproto/scheme.tl>`_
and replacing the one you can find in this same directory by the updated one.
Don't forget to run :code:`python3 tl_generator.py`.
Don't forget to run ``python3 tl_generator.py``.
If the changes weren't too big, everything should still work the same way as it did before; but with extra features.

8
telethon_generator/parser/tl_object.py
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@ -2,6 +2,9 @@ import re
class TLObject:
""".tl core types IDs (such as vector, booleans, etc.)"""
CORE_TYPES = (0x1cb5c415, 0xbc799737, 0x997275b5, 0x3fedd339)
def __init__(self, fullname, id, args, result, is_function):
"""
Initializes a new TLObject, given its properties.
@ -73,6 +76,11 @@ class TLObject:
result=match.group(3),
is_function=is_function)
def is_core_type(self):
"""Determines whether the TLObject is a "core type"
(and thus should be embedded in the generated code) or not"""
return self.id in TLObject.CORE_TYPES
def __repr__(self):
fullname = ('{}.{}'.format(self.namespace, self.name) if self.namespace is not None
else self.name)

2
telethon_generator/scheme.tl
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@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ updateShortMessage#914fbf11 flags:# out:flags.1?true mentioned:flags.4?true medi
updateShortChatMessage#16812688 flags:# out:flags.1?true mentioned:flags.4?true media_unread:flags.5?true silent:flags.13?true id:int from_id:int chat_id:int message:string pts:int pts_count:int date:int fwd_from:flags.2?MessageFwdHeader via_bot_id:flags.11?int reply_to_msg_id:flags.3?int entities:flags.7?Vector<MessageEntity> = Updates;
updateShort#78d4dec1 update:Update date:int = Updates;
updatesCombined#725b04c3 updates:Vector<Update> users:Vector<User> chats:Vector<Chat> date:int seq_start:int seq:int = Updates;
updates_tg#74ae4240 updates:Vector<Update> users:Vector<User> chats:Vector<Chat> date:int seq:int = Updates;
updates#74ae4240 updates:Vector<Update> users:Vector<User> chats:Vector<Chat> date:int seq:int = Updates;
updateShortSentMessage#11f1331c flags:# out:flags.1?true id:int pts:int pts_count:int date:int media:flags.9?MessageMedia entities:flags.7?Vector<MessageEntity> = Updates;
photos.photos#8dca6aa5 photos:Vector<Photo> users:Vector<User> = photos.Photos;

25
telethon_generator/tl_generator.py
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@ -35,9 +35,30 @@ class TLGenerator:
os.makedirs(get_output_path('functions'), exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(get_output_path('types'), exist_ok=True)
# Store the parsed file in a tuple for iterating it more than once
# Step 0: Store the parsed file in a tuple to avoid parsing it on each iteration
tlobjects = tuple(TLParser.parse_file(scheme_file))
# Step 1: Ensure that no object has the same name as a namespace
# We must check this because Python will complain if it sees a
# file and a directory with the same name, which happens for example with "updates"
namespace_directories = set()
for tlobject in tlobjects:
namespace_directories.add(tlobject.namespace)
for tlobject in tlobjects:
if TLGenerator.get_file_name(tlobject, add_extension=False) \
in namespace_directories:
# If this TLObject isn't under the same directory as its name (i.e. "contacts"),
# append "_tg" to avoid confusion between the file and the directory (i.e. "updates")
if tlobject.namespace != tlobject.name:
tlobject.name += '_tg'
# Step 2: Generate the actual code
for tlobject in tlobjects:
# Omit core types, these are embedded in the generated code
if tlobject.is_core_type():
continue
# Determine the output directory and create it
out_dir = get_output_path('functions' if tlobject.is_function
else 'types')
@ -168,7 +189,7 @@ class TLGenerator:
builder.writeln("return {}".format(str(tlobject)))
# builder.end_block() # There is no need to end the last block
# Once all the objects have been generated, we can now group them in a single file
# Step 3: Once all the objects have been generated, we can now group them in a single file
filename = os.path.join(get_output_path('all_tlobjects.py'))
with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
with SourceBuilder(file) as builder: