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Patched code generator and updated README.rst removing markdown leftovers
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README.rst
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README.rst
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@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ Being written **entirely** on Python, Telethon can run as a script under any env
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or use it in any other script you have. Want to send a message to someone when you're available? Write a script.
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Do you want check for new messages at a given time and find relevant ones? Write a script.
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Hungry for more API calls which the :code:`TelegramClient` class doesn't *seem* to have implemented?
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Please read [this section](#using-more-than-just-telegramclient).
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Hungry for more API calls which the ``TelegramClient`` class doesn't *seem* to have implemented?
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Please read `Using more than just TelegramClient`_.
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Obtaining your Telegram :code:`API ID` and :code:`Hash`
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=======================================================
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Obtaining your Telegram ``API ID`` and ``Hash``
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===============================================
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In order to use Telethon, you first need to obtain your very own API ID and Hash:
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1. Follow `this link <https://my.telegram.org>`_ and login with your phone number.
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@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ In order to use Telethon, you first need to obtain your very own API ID and Hash
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can be changed later as long as I'm aware.
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4. Click on *Create application* at the end.
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Now that you know your :code:`API ID` and :code:`Hash`, you can continue installing Telethon.
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Now that you know your ``API ID`` and ``Hash``, you can continue installing Telethon.
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Installing Telethon
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===================
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Installing Telethon via :code:`pip`
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-----------------------------------
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Installing Telethon via ``pip``
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-------------------------------
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On a terminal, issue the following command:
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.. code:: sh
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@ -52,11 +52,11 @@ You're ready to go.
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Installing Telethon manually
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----------------------------
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1. Install the required :code:`pyaes` module: :code:`sudo -H pip install pyaes`
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1. Install the required ``pyaes`` module: ``sudo -H pip install pyaes``
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(`GitHub <https://github.com/ricmoo/pyaes>`_, `package index <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyaes>`_)
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2. Clone Telethon's GitHub repository: :code:`git clone https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon.git`
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3. Enter the cloned repository: :code:`cd Telethon`
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4. Run the code generator: :code:`python3 telethon_generator/tl_generator.py`
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2. Clone Telethon's GitHub repository: ``git clone https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon.git``
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3. Enter the cloned repository: ``cd Telethon``
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4. Run the code generator: ``python3 telethon_generator/tl_generator.py``
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5. Done!
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Running Telethon
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@ -72,45 +72,48 @@ If you've installed Telethon via pip, launch an interactive python3 session and
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>>> client = InteractiveTelegramClient('sessionid', '+34600000000',
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... api_id=12345, api_hash='0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef')
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┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
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│ Initialization │
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└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐
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│ Initialization │
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└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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Initializing interactive example...
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Connecting to Telegram servers...
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>>> client.run()
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If, on the other hand, you've installed Telethon manually, head to the :code:`api/` directory and create a
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copy of the :code:`settings_example` file, naming it :code:`settings` (lowercase!). Then fill the file with the
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corresponding values (your :code:`api_id`, :code:`api_hash` and phone number in international format).
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If, on the other hand, you've installed Telethon manually, head to the ``api/`` directory and create a
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copy of the ``settings_example`` file, naming it ``settings`` (lowercase!). Then fill the file with the
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corresponding values (your ``api_id``, ``api_hash`` and phone number in international format).
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Then, simply run :code:`python3 try_telethon.py` to start the interactive example.
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Then, simply run ``python3 try_telethon.py`` to start the interactive example.
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Advanced uses
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=============
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Using more than just `TelegramClient`
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-------------------------------------
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The :code:`TelegramClient` class should be used to provide a quick, well-documented and simplified starting point.
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It is **not** meant to be a place for _all_ the available Telegram :code:`Request`'s, because there are simply too many.
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However, this doesn't mean that you cannot :code:`invoke` all the power of Telegram's API.
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Whenever you need to :code:`invoke` a Telegram :code:`Request`, all you need to do is the following:
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.. _Using more than just TelegramClient:
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Using more than just ``TelegramClient``
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---------------------------------------
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The ``TelegramClient`` class should be used to provide a quick, well-documented and simplified starting point.
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It is **not** meant to be a place for *all* the available Telegram ``Request``'s, because there are simply too many.
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However, this doesn't mean that you cannot ``invoke`` all the power of Telegram's API.
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Whenever you need to ``invoke`` a Telegram ``Request``, all you need to do is the following:
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.. code:: python
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result = client.invoke(SomeRequest(...))
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You have just :code:`invoke`'d :code:`SomeRequest` and retrieved its :code:`result`! That wasn't hard at all, was it?
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Now you may wonder, what's the deal with *all the power of Telegram's API*? Have a look under :code:`tl/functions/`.
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That is *everything* you can do. You have **over 200 API `Request`'s** at your disposal.
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You have just ``invoke``'d ``SomeRequest`` and retrieved its ``result``! That wasn't hard at all, was it?
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Now you may wonder, what's the deal with *all the power of Telegram's API*? Have a look under ``tl/functions/``.
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That is *everything* you can do. You have **over 200 API** ``Request``'s at your disposal.
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However, we don't pretty know *how* that :code:`result` looks like. Easy. :code:`print(str(result))` should
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give you a quick overview. Nevertheless, there may be more than a single :code:`result`! Let's have a look at
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this seemingly innocent :code:`TL` definition:
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However, we don't pretty know *how* that ``result`` looks like. Easy. ``print(str(result))`` should
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give you a quick overview. Nevertheless, there may be more than a single ``result``! Let's have a look at
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this seemingly innocent ``TL`` definition:
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`messages.getWebPagePreview#25223e24 message:string = MessageMedia;`
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``messages.getWebPagePreview#25223e24 message:string = MessageMedia;``
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Focusing on the end, we can see that the `result` of invoking `GetWebPagePreviewRequest` is `MessageMedia`. But how
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can `MessageMedia` exactly look like? It's time to have another look, but this time under `tl/types/`:
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Focusing on the end, we can see that the ``result`` of invoking ``GetWebPagePreviewRequest`` is ``MessageMedia``.
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But how can ``MessageMedia`` exactly look like? It's time to have another look, but this time under ``tl/types/``:
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.. code:: sh
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@ -128,59 +131,43 @@ can `MessageMedia` exactly look like? It's time to have another look, but this t
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│ └── message_media_web_page.py
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Those are *eight* different types! How do we know what exact type it is to determine its properties? A simple
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:code:`if type(result) == MessageMediaContact:` or similar will do. Now you're ready to take advantage of
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``if type(result) == MessageMediaContact:`` or similar will do. Now you're ready to take advantage of
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Telegram's polymorphism.
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Tips for porting Telethon
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-------------------------
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First of all, you need to understand how the :code:`scheme.tl` (:code:`TL` language) works. Every object
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First of all, you need to understand how the ``scheme.tl`` (``TL`` language) works. Every object
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definition is written as follows:
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:code:`name#id argument_name:argument_type = CommonType`
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``name#id argument_name:argument_type = CommonType``
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This means that in a single line you know what the :code:`TLObject` name is. You know it's unique ID, and you
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This means that in a single line you know what the ``TLObject`` name is. You know it's unique ID, and you
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know what arguments it has. It really isn't that hard to write a generator for generating code to any platform!
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The generated code should also be able to *encode* the :code:`Request` into bytes, so they can be sent over
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the network. This isn't a big deal either, because you know how the :code:`TLObject`'s are made.
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The generated code should also be able to *encode* the ``Request`` into bytes, so they can be sent over
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the network. This isn't a big deal either, because you know how the ``TLObject``'s are made.
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Once you have your own [code generator](telethon_generator/tl_generator.py), start by looking at the
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`first release <https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/releases/tag/v0.1>`_ of Telethon.
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The code there is simple to understand, easy to read and hence easy to port. No extra useless features.
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Only the bare bones. Perfect for starting a *new implementation*.
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P.S.: I may have lied a bit. The :code:`TL` language is not that easy. But it's not that hard either.
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You're free to sniff the :code:`parser/` files and learn how to parse other more complex lines.
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P.S.: I may have lied a bit. The ``TL`` language is not that easy. But it's not that hard either.
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You're free to sniff the ``parser/`` files and learn how to parse other more complex lines.
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Or simply use that code and change the [SourceBuilder](telethon_generator/parser/source_builder.py)!
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Code generator limitations
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--------------------------
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The current code generator is not complete, yet adding the missing features would only over-complicate an
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already hard-to-read code. Some parts of the :code:`.tl` file *should* be omitted, because they're "built-in"
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in the generated code (such as writing booleans, etc.).
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In order to make sure that all the generated files will work, please make sure to **always** comment out these
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lines in :code:`scheme.tl` (the latest version can always be found
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`here <https://github.com/telegramdesktop/tdesktop/blob/master/Telegram/SourceFiles/mtproto/scheme.tl>`_):
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.. code:: c
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// boolFalse#bc799737 = Bool;
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// boolTrue#997275b5 = Bool;
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// true#3fedd339 = True;
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// vector#1cb5c415 {t:Type} # [ t ] = Vector t;
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Also please make sure to rename :code:`updates#74ae4240 ...` to :code:`updates_tg#74ae4240 ...` or similar to
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avoid confusion between the :code:`updates` folder and the :code:`updates.py` file! Note that depending on the name,
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it may break things somewhere else. So please stick with the suggested name or give one which is still descriptive
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enough and easy to remember.
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Updating the :code:`scheme.tl`
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Notes about the code generator
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------------------------------
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Have you found a more updated version of the :code:`scheme.tl` file? Those are great news! Updating is as simple
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The code generator will skip the types considered as *core types*. These types are usually included in
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almost every programming language, such as boolean values or lists, and also the Telegram True flag,
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which is *not* sent but rather used to determine whether that flag should be enabled or not.
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Updating the ``scheme.tl``
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--------------------------
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Have you found a more updated version of the ``scheme.tl`` file? Those are great news! Updating is as simple
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as grabbing the
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`latest version <https://github.com/telegramdesktop/tdesktop/blob/master/Telegram/SourceFiles/mtproto/scheme.tl>`_
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and replacing the one you can find in this same directory by the updated one.
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Don't forget to run :code:`python3 tl_generator.py`.
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Don't forget to run ``python3 tl_generator.py``.
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If the changes weren't too big, everything should still work the same way as it did before; but with extra features.
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@ -2,6 +2,9 @@ import re
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class TLObject:
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""".tl core types IDs (such as vector, booleans, etc.)"""
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CORE_TYPES = (0x1cb5c415, 0xbc799737, 0x997275b5, 0x3fedd339)
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def __init__(self, fullname, id, args, result, is_function):
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"""
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Initializes a new TLObject, given its properties.
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result=match.group(3),
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is_function=is_function)
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def is_core_type(self):
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"""Determines whether the TLObject is a "core type"
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(and thus should be embedded in the generated code) or not"""
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return self.id in TLObject.CORE_TYPES
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def __repr__(self):
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fullname = ('{}.{}'.format(self.namespace, self.name) if self.namespace is not None
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else self.name)
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@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ updateShortMessage#914fbf11 flags:# out:flags.1?true mentioned:flags.4?true medi
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updateShortChatMessage#16812688 flags:# out:flags.1?true mentioned:flags.4?true media_unread:flags.5?true silent:flags.13?true id:int from_id:int chat_id:int message:string pts:int pts_count:int date:int fwd_from:flags.2?MessageFwdHeader via_bot_id:flags.11?int reply_to_msg_id:flags.3?int entities:flags.7?Vector<MessageEntity> = Updates;
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updateShort#78d4dec1 update:Update date:int = Updates;
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updatesCombined#725b04c3 updates:Vector<Update> users:Vector<User> chats:Vector<Chat> date:int seq_start:int seq:int = Updates;
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updates_tg#74ae4240 updates:Vector<Update> users:Vector<User> chats:Vector<Chat> date:int seq:int = Updates;
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updates#74ae4240 updates:Vector<Update> users:Vector<User> chats:Vector<Chat> date:int seq:int = Updates;
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updateShortSentMessage#11f1331c flags:# out:flags.1?true id:int pts:int pts_count:int date:int media:flags.9?MessageMedia entities:flags.7?Vector<MessageEntity> = Updates;
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photos.photos#8dca6aa5 photos:Vector<Photo> users:Vector<User> = photos.Photos;
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os.makedirs(get_output_path('functions'), exist_ok=True)
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os.makedirs(get_output_path('types'), exist_ok=True)
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# Store the parsed file in a tuple for iterating it more than once
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# Step 0: Store the parsed file in a tuple to avoid parsing it on each iteration
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tlobjects = tuple(TLParser.parse_file(scheme_file))
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# Step 1: Ensure that no object has the same name as a namespace
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# We must check this because Python will complain if it sees a
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# file and a directory with the same name, which happens for example with "updates"
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namespace_directories = set()
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for tlobject in tlobjects:
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namespace_directories.add(tlobject.namespace)
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for tlobject in tlobjects:
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if TLGenerator.get_file_name(tlobject, add_extension=False) \
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in namespace_directories:
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# If this TLObject isn't under the same directory as its name (i.e. "contacts"),
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# append "_tg" to avoid confusion between the file and the directory (i.e. "updates")
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if tlobject.namespace != tlobject.name:
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tlobject.name += '_tg'
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# Step 2: Generate the actual code
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for tlobject in tlobjects:
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# Omit core types, these are embedded in the generated code
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if tlobject.is_core_type():
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continue
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# Determine the output directory and create it
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out_dir = get_output_path('functions' if tlobject.is_function
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else 'types')
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builder.writeln("return {}".format(str(tlobject)))
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# builder.end_block() # There is no need to end the last block
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# Once all the objects have been generated, we can now group them in a single file
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# Step 3: Once all the objects have been generated, we can now group them in a single file
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filename = os.path.join(get_output_path('all_tlobjects.py'))
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with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
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with SourceBuilder(file) as builder:
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