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Clean up and complete RTD documentation

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69
readthedocs/extra/basic/accessing-the-full-api.rst → readthedocs/extra/advanced-usage/accessing-the-full-api.rst
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.. _accessing-the-full-api:
==========================
======================
Accessing the Full API
==========================
======================
The ``TelegramClient`` doesn’t offer a method for every single request
the Telegram API supports. However, it’s very simple to ``.invoke()``
any request. Whenever you need something, don’t forget to `check the
The ``TelegramClient`` doesn't offer a method for every single request
the Telegram API supports. However, it's very simple to *call* or *invoke*
any request. Whenever you need something, don't forget to `check the
documentation`__ and look for the `method you need`__. There you can go
through a sorted list of everything you can do.
.. note::
Removing the hand crafted documentation for methods is still
a work in progress!
You should also refer to the documentation to see what the objects
(constructors) Telegram returns look like. Every constructor inherits
from a common type, and that’s the reason for this distinction.
from a common type, and that's the reason for this distinction.
Say ``client.send_message()`` didn’t exist, we could use the `search`__
to look for “message”. There we would find `SendMessageRequest`__,
Say ``client.send_message()`` didn't exist, we could use the `search`__
to look for "message". There we would find `SendMessageRequest`__,
which we can work with.
Every request is a Python class, and has the parameters needed for you
to invoke it. You can also call ``help(request)`` for information on
what input parameters it takes. Remember to “Copy import to the
clipboard”, or your script won’t be aware of this class! Now we have:
what input parameters it takes. Remember to "Copy import to the
clipboard", or your script won't be aware of this class! Now we have:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon.tl.functions.messages import SendMessageRequest
If you’re going to use a lot of these, you may do:
If you're going to use a lot of these, you may do:
.. code-block:: python
@ -53,20 +61,20 @@ Or we call ``.get_input_entity()``:
peer = client.get_input_entity('someone')
When you’re going to invoke an API method, most require you to pass an
When you're going to invoke an API method, most require you to pass an
``InputUser``, ``InputChat``, or so on, this is why using
``.get_input_entity()`` is more straightforward (and sometimes
immediate, if you know the ID of the user for instance). If you also
need to have information about the whole user, use ``.get_entity()``
instead:
``.get_input_entity()`` is more straightforward (and often
immediate, if you've seen the user before, know their ID, etc.).
If you also need to have information about the whole user, use
``.get_entity()`` instead:
.. code-block:: python
entity = client.get_entity('someone')
In the later case, when you use the entity, the library will cast it to
its “input” version for you. If you already have the complete user and
want to cache its input version so the library doesn’t have to do this
its "input" version for you. If you already have the complete user and
want to cache its input version so the library doesn't have to do this
every time its used, simply call ``.get_input_peer``:
.. code-block:: python
@ -83,10 +91,9 @@ request we do:
result = client(SendMessageRequest(peer, 'Hello there!'))
# __call__ is an alias for client.invoke(request). Both will work
Message sent! Of course, this is only an example.
There are nearly 250 methods available as of layer 73,
and you can use every single of them as you wish.
Remember to use the right types! To sum up:
Message sent! Of course, this is only an example. There are nearly 250
methods available as of layer 73, and you can use every single of them
as you wish. Remember to use the right types! To sum up:
.. code-block:: python
@ -97,16 +104,16 @@ Remember to use the right types! To sum up:
.. note::
Note that some requests have a "hash" parameter. This is **not** your ``api_hash``!
It likely isn't your self-user ``.access_hash`` either.
It's a special hash used by Telegram to only send a difference of new data
that you don't already have with that request,
so you can leave it to 0, and it should work (which means no hash is known yet).
Note that some requests have a "hash" parameter. This is **not**
your ``api_hash``! It likely isn't your self-user ``.access_hash`` either.
For those requests having a "limit" parameter,
you can often set it to zero to signify "return as many items as possible".
This won't work for all of them though,
for instance, in "messages.search" it will actually return 0 items.
It's a special hash used by Telegram to only send a difference of new data
that you don't already have with that request, so you can leave it to 0,
and it should work (which means no hash is known yet).
For those requests having a "limit" parameter, you can often set it to
zero to signify "return default amount". This won't work for all of them
though, for instance, in "messages.search" it will actually return 0 items.
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon

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readthedocs/extra/advanced-usage/sessions.rst Normal file
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.. _sessions:
==============
Session Files
==============
The first parameter you pass the the constructor of the ``TelegramClient`` is
the ``session``, and defaults to be the session name (or full path). That is,
if you create a ``TelegramClient('anon')`` instance and connect, an
``anon.session`` file will be created on the working directory.
These database files using ``sqlite3`` contain the required information to
talk to the Telegram servers, such as to which IP the client should connect,
port, authorization key so that messages can be encrypted, and so on.
These files will by default also save all the input entities that you've seen,
so that you can get information about an user or channel by just their ID.
Telegram will **not** send their ``access_hash`` required to retrieve more
information about them, if it thinks you have already seem them. For this
reason, the library needs to store this information offline.
The library will by default too save all the entities (chats and channels
with their name and username, and users with the phone too) in the session
file, so that you can quickly access them by username or phone number.
If you're not going to work with updates, or don't need to cache the
``access_hash`` associated with the entities' ID, you can disable this
by setting ``client.session.save_entities = False``, or pass it as a
parameter to the ``TelegramClient``.
If you don't want to save the files as a database, you can also create
your custom ``Session`` subclass and override the ``.save()`` and ``.load()``
methods. For example, you could save it on a database:
.. code-block:: python
class DatabaseSession(Session):
def save():
# serialize relevant data to the database
def load():
# load relevant data to the database
You should read the ````session.py```` source file to know what "relevant
data" you need to keep track of.

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readthedocs/extra/advanced-usage/signing-in.rst
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=========================
Signing In
=========================
.. note::
Make sure you have gone through :ref:`prelude` already!
Two Factor Authorization (2FA)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If you have Two Factor Authorization (from now on, 2FA) enabled on your account, calling
:meth:`telethon.TelegramClient.sign_in` will raise a `SessionPasswordNeededError`.
When this happens, just :meth:`telethon.TelegramClient.sign_in` again with a ``password=``:
.. code-block:: python
import getpass
from telethon.errors import SessionPasswordNeededError
client.sign_in(phone)
try:
client.sign_in(code=input('Enter code: '))
except SessionPasswordNeededError:
client.sign_in(password=getpass.getpass())
Enabling 2FA
*************
If you don't have 2FA enabled, but you would like to do so through Telethon, take as example the following code snippet:
.. code-block:: python
import os
from hashlib import sha256
from telethon.tl.functions import account
from telethon.tl.types.account import PasswordInputSettings
new_salt = client(account.GetPasswordRequest()).new_salt
salt = new_salt + os.urandom(8) # new random salt
pw = 'secret'.encode('utf-8') # type your new password here
hint = 'hint'
pw_salted = salt + pw + salt
pw_hash = sha256(pw_salted).digest()
result = client(account.UpdatePasswordSettingsRequest(
current_password_hash=salt,
new_settings=PasswordInputSettings(
new_salt=salt,
new_password_hash=pw_hash,
hint=hint
)
))
Thanks to `Issue 259 <https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues/259>`_ for the tip!

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readthedocs/extra/advanced-usage/users-and-chats.rst
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=========================
Users and Chats
=========================
.. note::
Make sure you have gone through :ref:`prelude` already!
.. contents::
:depth: 2
.. _retrieving-an-entity:
Retrieving an entity (user or group)
**************************************
An “entity” is used to refer to either an `User`__ or a `Chat`__
(which includes a `Channel`__). The most straightforward way to get
an entity is to use ``TelegramClient.get_entity()``. This method accepts
either a string, which can be a username, phone number or `t.me`__-like
link, or an integer that will be the ID of an **user**. You can use it
like so:
.. code-block:: python
# all of these work
lonami = client.get_entity('lonami')
lonami = client.get_entity('t.me/lonami')
lonami = client.get_entity('https://telegram.dog/lonami')
# other kind of entities
channel = client.get_entity('telegram.me/joinchat/AAAAAEkk2WdoDrB4-Q8-gg')
contact = client.get_entity('+34xxxxxxxxx')
friend = client.get_entity(friend_id)
For the last one to work, the library must have “seen” the user at least
once. The library will “see” the user as long as any request contains
them, so if you’ve called ``.get_dialogs()`` for instance, and your
friend was there, the library will know about them. For more, read about
the :ref:`sessions`.
If you want to get a channel or chat by ID, you need to specify that
they are a channel or a chat. The library can’t infer what they are by
just their ID (unless the ID is marked, but this is only done
internally), so you need to wrap the ID around a `Peer`__ object:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon.tl.types import PeerUser, PeerChat, PeerChannel
my_user = client.get_entity(PeerUser(some_id))
my_chat = client.get_entity(PeerChat(some_id))
my_channel = client.get_entity(PeerChannel(some_id))
**Note** that most requests don’t ask for an ``User``, or a ``Chat``,
but rather for ``InputUser``, ``InputChat``, and so on. If this is the
case, you should prefer ``.get_input_entity()`` over ``.get_entity()``,
as it will be immediate if you provide an ID (whereas ``.get_entity()``
may need to find who the entity is first).
Via your open “chats” (dialogs)
-------------------------------
.. note::
Please read here: :ref:`retrieving-all-dialogs`.
Via ResolveUsernameRequest
--------------------------
This is the request used by ``.get_entity`` internally, but you can also
use it by hand:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon.tl.functions.contacts import ResolveUsernameRequest
result = client(ResolveUsernameRequest('username'))
found_chats = result.chats
found_users = result.users
# result.peer may be a PeerUser, PeerChat or PeerChannel
See `Peer`__ for more information about this result.
Via MessageFwdHeader
--------------------
If all you have is a `MessageFwdHeader`__ after you retrieved a bunch
of messages, this gives you access to the ``from_id`` (if forwarded from
an user) and ``channel_id`` (if forwarded from a channel). Invoking
`GetMessagesRequest`__ also returns a list of ``chats`` and
``users``, and you can find the desired entity there:
.. code-block:: python
# Logic to retrieve messages with `GetMessagesRequest´
messages = foo()
fwd_header = bar()
user = next(u for u in messages.users if u.id == fwd_header.from_id)
channel = next(c for c in messages.chats if c.id == fwd_header.channel_id)
Or you can just call ``.get_entity()`` with the ID, as you should have
seen that user or channel before. A call to ``GetMessagesRequest`` may
still be neeed.
Via GetContactsRequest
----------------------
The library will call this for you if you pass a phone number to
``.get_entity``, but again, it can be done manually. If the user you
want to talk to is a contact, you can use `GetContactsRequest`__:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon.tl.functions.contacts import GetContactsRequest
from telethon.tl.types.contacts import Contacts
contacts = client(GetContactsRequest(0))
if isinstance(contacts, Contacts):
users = contacts.users
contacts = contacts.contacts
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/types/user.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/types/chat.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/constructors/channel.html
__ https://t.me
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/types/peer.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/types/peer.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/constructors/message_fwd_header.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/messages/get_messages.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/contacts/get_contacts.html
.. _retrieving-all-dialogs:
Retrieving all dialogs
***********************
There are several ``offset_xyz=`` parameters that have no effect at all,
but there's not much one can do since this is something the server should handle.
Currently, the only way to get all dialogs
(open chats, conversations, etc.) is by using the ``offset_date``:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon.tl.functions.messages import GetDialogsRequest
from telethon.tl.types import InputPeerEmpty
from time import sleep
dialogs = []
users = []
chats = []
last_date = None
chunk_size = 20
while True:
result = client(GetDialogsRequest(
offset_date=last_date,
offset_id=0,
offset_peer=InputPeerEmpty(),
limit=chunk_size
))
dialogs.extend(result.dialogs)
users.extend(result.users)
chats.extend(result.chats)
if not result.messages:
break
last_date = min(msg.date for msg in result.messages)
sleep(2)
Joining a chat or channel
*******************************
Note that `Chat`__\ s are normal groups, and `Channel`__\ s are a
special form of `Chat`__\ s,
which can also be super-groups if their ``megagroup`` member is
``True``.
Joining a public channel
------------------------
Once you have the :ref:`entity <retrieving-an-entity>`
of the channel you want to join to, you can
make use of the `JoinChannelRequest`__ to join such channel:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon.tl.functions.channels import JoinChannelRequest
client(JoinChannelRequest(channel))
# In the same way, you can also leave such channel
from telethon.tl.functions.channels import LeaveChannelRequest
client(LeaveChannelRequest(input_channel))
For more on channels, check the `channels namespace`__.
Joining a private chat or channel
---------------------------------
If all you have is a link like this one:
``https://t.me/joinchat/AAAAAFFszQPyPEZ7wgxLtd``, you already have
enough information to join! The part after the
``https://t.me/joinchat/``, this is, ``AAAAAFFszQPyPEZ7wgxLtd`` on this
example, is the ``hash`` of the chat or channel. Now you can use
`ImportChatInviteRequest`__ as follows:
.. -block:: python
from telethon.tl.functions.messages import ImportChatInviteRequest
updates = client(ImportChatInviteRequest('AAAAAEHbEkejzxUjAUCfYg'))
Adding someone else to such chat or channel
-------------------------------------------
If you don’t want to add yourself, maybe because you’re already in, you
can always add someone else with the `AddChatUserRequest`__, which
use is very straightforward:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon.tl.functions.messages import AddChatUserRequest
client(AddChatUserRequest(
chat_id,
user_to_add,
fwd_limit=10 # allow the user to see the 10 last messages
))
Checking a link without joining
-------------------------------
If you don’t need to join but rather check whether it’s a group or a
channel, you can use the `CheckChatInviteRequest`__, which takes in
the `hash`__ of said channel or group.
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/constructors/chat.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/constructors/channel.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/types/chat.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/channels/join_channel.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/channels/index.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/messages/import_chat_invite.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/messages/add_chat_user.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/messages/check_chat_invite.html
__ https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/wiki/Joining-a-chat-or-channel#joining-a-private-chat-or-channel
Retrieving all chat members (channels too)
******************************************
In order to get all the members from a mega-group or channel, you need
to use `GetParticipantsRequest`__. As we can see it needs an
`InputChannel`__, (passing the mega-group or channel you’re going to
use will work), and a mandatory `ChannelParticipantsFilter`__. The
closest thing to “no filter” is to simply use
`ChannelParticipantsSearch`__ with an empty ``'q'`` string.
If we want to get *all* the members, we need to use a moving offset and
a fixed limit:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon.tl.functions.channels import GetParticipantsRequest
from telethon.tl.types import ChannelParticipantsSearch
from time import sleep
offset = 0
limit = 100
all_participants = []
while True:
participants = client.invoke(GetParticipantsRequest(
channel, ChannelParticipantsSearch(''), offset, limit
))
if not participants.users:
break
all_participants.extend(participants.users)
offset += len(participants.users)
# sleep(1) # This line seems to be optional, no guarantees!
Note that ``GetParticipantsRequest`` returns `ChannelParticipants`__,
which may have more information you need (like the role of the
participants, total count of members, etc.)
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/channels/get_participants.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/channels/get_participants.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/types/channel_participants_filter.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/constructors/channel_participants_search.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/constructors/channels/channel_participants.html
Recent Actions
********************
“Recent actions” is simply the name official applications have given to
the “admin log”. Simply use `GetAdminLogRequest`__ for that, and
you’ll get AdminLogResults.events in return which in turn has the final
`.action`__.
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/channels/get_admin_log.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/types/channel_admin_log_event_action.html
Increasing View Count in a Channel
****************************************
It has been asked `quite`__ `a few`__ `times`__ (really, `many`__), and
while I don’t understand why so many people ask this, the solution is to
use `GetMessagesViewsRequest`__, setting ``increment=True``:
.. code-block:: python
# Obtain `channel' through dialogs or through client.get_entity() or anyhow.
# Obtain `msg_ids' through `.get_message_history()` or anyhow. Must be a list.
client(GetMessagesViewsRequest(
peer=channel,
id=msg_ids,
increment=True
))
__ https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues/233
__ https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues/305
__ https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues/409
__ https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues/447
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/messages/get_messages_views.html

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.. _prelude:
Prelude
---------
Before reading any specific example, make sure to read the following common steps:
All the examples assume that you have successfully created a client and you're authorized as follows:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon import TelegramClient
# Use your own values here
api_id = 12345
api_hash = '0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef'
phone_number = '+34600000000'
client = TelegramClient('some_name', api_id, api_hash)
client.connect() # Must return True, otherwise, try again
if not client.is_user_authorized():
client.send_code_request(phone_number)
# .sign_in() may raise PhoneNumberUnoccupiedError
# In that case, you need to call .sign_up() to get a new account
client.sign_in(phone_number, input('Enter code: '))
# The `client´ is now ready
Although Python will probably clean up the resources used by the ``TelegramClient``,
you should always ``.disconnect()`` it once you're done:
.. code-block:: python
try:
# Code using the client goes here
except:
# No matter what happens, always disconnect in the end
client.disconnect()
If the examples aren't enough, you're strongly advised to read the source code
for the InteractiveTelegramClient_ for an overview on how you could build your next script.
This example shows a basic usage more than enough in most cases. Even reading the source
for the TelegramClient_ may help a lot!
.. _InteractiveTelegramClient: https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/blob/master/telethon_examples/interactive_telegram_client.py
.. _TelegramClient: https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/blob/master/telethon/telegram_client.py

109
readthedocs/extra/basic/creating-a-client.rst
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.. _creating-a-client:
===================
=================
Creating a Client
===================
=================
Before working with Telegram's API, you need to get your own API ID and hash:
1. Follow `this link <https://my.telegram.org/>`_ and login with your phone number.
1. Follow `this link <https://my.telegram.org/>`_ and login with your
phone number.
2. Click under API Development tools.
3. A *Create new application* window will appear. Fill in your application details.
There is no need to enter any *URL*, and only the first two fields (*App title* and *Short name*)
can be changed later as far as I'm aware.
3. A *Create new application* window will appear. Fill in your application
details. There is no need to enter any *URL*, and only the first two
fields (*App title* and *Short name*) can currently be changed later.
4. Click on *Create application* at the end. Remember that your **API hash is secret**
and Telegram won't let you revoke it. Don't post it anywhere!
4. Click on *Create application* at the end. Remember that your
**API hash is secret** and Telegram won't let you revoke it.
Don't post it anywhere!
Once that's ready, the next step is to create a ``TelegramClient``.
This class will be your main interface with Telegram's API, and creating one is very simple:
This class will be your main interface with Telegram's API, and creating
one is very simple:
.. code-block:: python
@ -31,14 +35,18 @@ This class will be your main interface with Telegram's API, and creating one is
client = TelegramClient('some_name', api_id, api_hash)
Note that ``'some_name'`` will be used to save your session (persistent information such as access key and others)
as ``'some_name.session'`` in your disk. This is simply a JSON file which you can (but shouldn't) modify.
Before using the client, you must be connected to Telegram. Doing so is very easy:
Note that ``'some_name'`` will be used to save your session (persistent
information such as access key and others) as ``'some_name.session'`` in
your disk. This is by default a database file using Python's ``sqlite3``.
Before using the client, you must be connected to Telegram.
Doing so is very easy:
``client.connect() # Must return True, otherwise, try again``
You may or may not be authorized yet. You must be authorized before you're able to send any request:
You may or may not be authorized yet. You must be authorized
before you're able to send any request:
``client.is_user_authorized() # Returns True if you can send requests``
@ -52,13 +60,25 @@ If you're not authorized, you need to ``.sign_in()``:
# If .sign_in raises SessionPasswordNeeded error, call .sign_in(password=...)
# You can import both exceptions from telethon.errors.
``myself`` is your Telegram user.
You can view all the information about yourself by doing ``print(myself.stringify())``.
You're now ready to use the client as you wish!
``myself`` is your Telegram user. You can view all the information about
yourself by doing ``print(myself.stringify())``. You're now ready to use
the client as you wish! Remember that any object returned by the API has
mentioned ``.stringify()`` method, and printing these might prove useful.
As a full example:
.. code-block:: python
client = TelegramClient('anon', api_id, api_hash)
assert client.connect()
if not client.is_user_authorized():
client.send_code_request(phone_number)
me = client.sign_in(phone_number, input('Enter code: '))
.. note::
If you want to use a **proxy**, you have to `install PySocks`__ (via pip or manual)
and then set the appropriated parameters:
If you want to use a **proxy**, you have to `install PySocks`__
(via pip or manual) and then set the appropriated parameters:
.. code-block:: python
@ -72,5 +92,58 @@ You're now ready to use the client as you wish!
consisting of parameters described `here`__.
Two Factor Authorization (2FA)
******************************
If you have Two Factor Authorization (from now on, 2FA) enabled on your
account, calling :meth:`telethon.TelegramClient.sign_in` will raise a
`SessionPasswordNeededError`. When this happens, just
:meth:`telethon.TelegramClient.sign_in` again with a ``password=``:
.. code-block:: python
import getpass
from telethon.errors import SessionPasswordNeededError
client.sign_in(phone)
try:
client.sign_in(code=input('Enter code: '))
except SessionPasswordNeededError:
client.sign_in(password=getpass.getpass())
If you don't have 2FA enabled, but you would like to do so through Telethon,
take as example the following code snippet:
.. code-block:: python
import os
from hashlib import sha256
from telethon.tl.functions import account
from telethon.tl.types.account import PasswordInputSettings
new_salt = client(account.GetPasswordRequest()).new_salt
salt = new_salt + os.urandom(8) # new random salt
pw = 'secret'.encode('utf-8') # type your new password here
hint = 'hint'
pw_salted = salt + pw + salt
pw_hash = sha256(pw_salted).digest()
result = client(account.UpdatePasswordSettingsRequest(
current_password_hash=salt,
new_settings=PasswordInputSettings(
new_salt=salt,
new_password_hash=pw_hash,
hint=hint
)
))
Thanks to `Issue 259 <https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues/259>`_
for the tip!
__ https://github.com/Anorov/PySocks#installation
__ https://github.com/Anorov/PySocks#usage-1%3E

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@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
=========================
Users, Chats and Channels
=========================
Introduction
************
The library widely uses the concept of "entities". An entity will refer
to any ``User``, ``Chat`` or ``Channel`` object that the API may return
in response to certain methods, such as ``GetUsersRequest``.
To save bandwidth, the API also makes use of their "input" versions.
The input version of an entity (e.g. ``InputPeerUser``, ``InputChat``,
etc.) only contains the minimum required information that's required
for Telegram to be able to identify who you're referring to: their ID
and hash. This ID/hash pair is unique per user, so if you use the pair
given by another user **or bot** it will **not** work.
To save *even more* bandwidth, the API also makes use of the ``Peer``
versions, which just have an ID. This serves to identify them, but
peers alone are not enough to use them. You need to know their hash
before you can "use them".
Luckily, the library tries to simplify this mess the best it can.
Getting entities
****************
Through the use of the :ref:`sessions`, the library will automatically
remember the ID and hash pair, along with some extra information, so
you're able to just do this:
.. code-block:: python
# dialogs are the "conversations you have open"
# this method returns a list of Dialog, which
# have the .entity attribute and other information.
dialogs = client.get_dialogs(limit=200)
# all of these work and do the same
lonami = client.get_entity('lonami')
lonami = client.get_entity('t.me/lonami')
lonami = client.get_entity('https://telegram.dog/lonami')
# other kind of entities
channel = client.get_entity('telegram.me/joinchat/AAAAAEkk2WdoDrB4-Q8-gg')
contact = client.get_entity('+34xxxxxxxxx')
friend = client.get_entity(friend_id)
# using peers/input peers (note that the API may return these)
# users, chats and channels may all have the same ID, so it's
# necessary to wrap (at least) chat and channels inside Peer.
from telethon.tl.types import PeerUser, PeerChat, PeerChannel
my_user = client.get_entity(PeerUser(some_id))
my_chat = client.get_entity(PeerChat(some_id))
my_channel = client.get_entity(PeerChannel(some_id))
All methods in the :ref:`telegram-client` call ``.get_entity()`` to further
save you from the hassle of doing so manually, so doing things like
``client.send_message('lonami', 'hi!')`` is possible.
Every entity the library "sees" (in any response to any call) will by
default be cached in the ``.session`` file, to avoid performing
unnecessary API calls. If the entity cannot be found, some calls
like ``ResolveUsernameRequest`` or ``GetContactsRequest`` may be
made to obtain the required information.
Entities vs. Input Entities
***************************
As we mentioned before, API calls don't need to know the whole information
about the entities, only their ID and hash. For this reason, another method,
``.get_input_entity()`` is available. This will always use the cache while
possible, making zero API calls most of the time. When a request is made,
if you provided the full entity, e.g. an ``User``, the library will convert
it to the required ``InputPeer`` automatically for you.
**You should always favour ``.get_input_entity()``** over ``.get_entity()``
for this reason! Calling the latter will always make an API call to get
the most recent information about said entity, but invoking requests don't
need this information, just the ``InputPeer``. Only use ``.get_entity()``
if you need to get actual information, like the username, name, title, etc.
of the entity.

17
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@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
You can adapt this file completely to your liking, but it should at least
contain the root `toctree` directive.
===============
Getting Started
===============
=================
Getting Started!
=================
Simple Installation
*********************
*******************
``pip install telethon``
@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Simple Installation
Creating a client
**************
*****************
.. code-block:: python
@ -39,8 +39,9 @@ Creating a client
**More details**: :ref:`creating-a-client`
Simple Stuff
**************
Basic Usage
***********
.. code-block:: python
print(me.stringify())
@ -52,3 +53,5 @@ Simple Stuff
total, messages, senders = client.get_message_history('username')
client.download_media(messages[0])
**More details**: :ref:`telegram-client`

37
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@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
.. _installation:
=================
============
Installation
=================
============
Automatic Installation
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
**********************
To install Telethon, simply do:
``pip install telethon``
If you get something like ``"SyntaxError: invalid syntax"`` or any other error while installing,
it's probably because ``pip`` defaults to Python 2, which is not supported. Use ``pip3`` instead.
If you get something like ``"SyntaxError: invalid syntax"`` or any other
error while installing/importing the library, it's probably because ``pip``
defaults to Python 2, which is not supported. Use ``pip3`` instead.
If you already have the library installed, upgrade with:
@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ If you already have the library installed, upgrade with:
You can also install the library directly from GitHub or a fork:
.. code-block:: python
.. code-block:: sh
# pip install git+https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon.git
or
@ -32,13 +34,15 @@ If you don't have root access, simply pass the ``--user`` flag to the pip comman
Manual Installation
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
*******************
1. Install the required ``pyaes`` (`GitHub`__ | `PyPi`__) and ``rsa`` (`GitHub`__ | `PyPi`__) modules:
1. Install the required ``pyaes`` (`GitHub`__ | `PyPi`__) and
``rsa`` (`GitHub`__ | `PyPi`__) modules:
``sudo -H pip install pyaes rsa``
2. Clone Telethon's GitHub repository: ``git clone https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon.git``
2. Clone Telethon's GitHub repository:
``git clone https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon.git``
3. Enter the cloned repository: ``cd Telethon``
@ -50,18 +54,11 @@ To generate the documentation, ``cd docs`` and then ``python3 generate.py``.
Optional dependencies
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If you're using the library under ARM (or even if you aren't),
you may want to install ``sympy`` through ``pip`` for a substantial speed-up
when generating the keys required to connect to Telegram
(you can of course do this on desktop too). See `issue #199`__ for more.
If ``libssl`` is available on your system, it will also be used wherever encryption is needed.
If neither of these are available, a pure Python callback will be used instead,
so you can still run the library wherever Python is available!
*********************
If ``libssl`` is available on your system, it will be used wherever encryption
is needed, but otherwise it will fall back to pure Python implementation so it
will also work without it.
__ https://github.com/ricmoo/pyaes

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@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
.. _sending-requests:
==================
Sending Requests
==================
Since we're working with Python, one must not forget that they can do ``help(client)`` or ``help(TelegramClient)``
at any time for a more detailed description and a list of all the available methods.
Calling ``help()`` from an interactive Python session will always list all the methods for any object, even yours!
Interacting with the Telegram API is done through sending **requests**,
this is, any "method" listed on the API. There are a few methods on the ``TelegramClient`` class
that abstract you from the need of manually importing the requests you need.
For instance, retrieving your own user can be done in a single line:
``myself = client.get_me()``
Internally, this method has sent a request to Telegram, who replied with the information about your own user.
If you want to retrieve any other user, chat or channel (channels are a special subset of chats),
you want to retrieve their "entity". This is how the library refers to either of these:
.. code-block:: python
# The method will infer that you've passed an username
# It also accepts phone numbers, and will get the user
# from your contact list.
lonami = client.get_entity('lonami')
Note that saving and using these entities will be more important when Accessing the Full API.
For now, this is a good way to get information about an user or chat.
Other common methods for quick scripts are also available:
.. code-block:: python
# Sending a message (use an entity/username/etc)
client.send_message('TheAyyBot', 'ayy')
# Sending a photo, or a file
client.send_file(myself, '/path/to/the/file.jpg', force_document=True)
# Downloading someone's profile photo. File is saved to 'where'
where = client.download_profile_photo(someone)
# Retrieving the message history
total, messages, senders = client.get_message_history(someone)
# Downloading the media from a specific message
# You can specify either a directory, a filename, or nothing at all
where = client.download_media(message, '/path/to/output')
Remember that you can call ``.stringify()`` to any object Telegram returns to pretty print it.
Calling ``str(result)`` does the same operation, but on a single line.

48
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@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
.. _sessions:
==============
Session Files
==============
The first parameter you pass the constructor of the
``TelegramClient`` is the ``session``, and defaults to be the session
name (or full path). That is, if you create a ``TelegramClient('anon')``
instance and connect, an ``anon.session`` file will be created on the
working directory.
These JSON session files contain the required information to talk to the
Telegram servers, such as to which IP the client should connect, port,
authorization key so that messages can be encrypted, and so on.
These files will by default also save all the input entities that you’ve
seen, so that you can get information about an user or channel by just
their ID. Telegram will **not** send their ``access_hash`` required to
retrieve more information about them, if it thinks you have already seem
them. For this reason, the library needs to store this information
offline.
The library will by default too save all the entities (users with their
name, username, chats and so on) **in memory**, not to disk, so that you
can quickly access them by username or phone number. This can be
disabled too. Run ``help(client.session.entities)`` to see the available
methods (or ``help(EntityDatabase)``).
If you’re not going to work without updates, or don’t need to cache the
``access_hash`` associated with the entities’ ID, you can disable this
by setting ``client.session.save_entities = False``.
If you don’t want to save the files as JSON, you can also create your
custom ``Session`` subclass and override the ``.save()`` and ``.load()``
methods. For example, you could save it on a database:
.. code-block:: python
class DatabaseSession(Session):
def save():
# serialize relevant data to the database
def load():
# load relevant data to the database
You should read the ``session.py`` source file to know what “relevant
data” you need to keep track of.

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@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
.. _telegram-client:
==============
TelegramClient
==============
Introduction
************
The ``TelegramClient`` is the central class of the library, the one
you will be using most of the time. For this reason, it's important
to know what it offers.
Since we're working with Python, one must not forget that we can do
``help(client)`` or ``help(TelegramClient)`` at any time for a more
detailed description and a list of all the available methods. Calling
``help()`` from an interactive Python session will always list all the
methods for any object, even yours!
Interacting with the Telegram API is done through sending **requests**,
this is, any "method" listed on the API. There are a few methods (and
growing!) on the ``TelegramClient`` class that abstract you from the
need of manually importing the requests you need.
For instance, retrieving your own user can be done in a single line:
``myself = client.get_me()``
Internally, this method has sent a request to Telegram, who replied with
the information about your own user, and then the desired information
was extracted from their response.
If you want to retrieve any other user, chat or channel (channels are a
special subset of chats), you want to retrieve their "entity". This is
how the library refers to either of these:
.. code-block:: python
# The method will infer that you've passed an username
# It also accepts phone numbers, and will get the user
# from your contact list.
lonami = client.get_entity('lonami')
The so called "entities" are another important whole concept on its own,
and you should
Note that saving and using these entities will be more important when
Accessing the Full API. For now, this is a good way to get information
about an user or chat.
Other common methods for quick scripts are also available:
.. code-block:: python
# Sending a message (use an entity/username/etc)
client.send_message('TheAyyBot', 'ayy')
# Sending a photo, or a file
client.send_file(myself, '/path/to/the/file.jpg', force_document=True)
# Downloading someone's profile photo. File is saved to 'where'
where = client.download_profile_photo(someone)
# Retrieving the message history
messages = client.get_message_history(someone)
# Downloading the media from a specific message
# You can specify either a directory, a filename, or nothing at all
where = client.download_media(message, '/path/to/output')
# Call .disconnect() when you're done
client.disconnect()
Remember that you can call ``.stringify()`` to any object Telegram returns
to pretty print it. Calling ``str(result)`` does the same operation, but on
a single line.
Available methods
*****************
This page lists all the "handy" methods available for you to use in the
``TelegramClient`` class. These are simply wrappers around the "raw"
Telegram API, making it much more manageable and easier to work with.
Please refer to :ref:`accessing-the-full-api` if these aren't enough,
and don't be afraid to read the source code of the InteractiveTelegramClient_
or even the TelegramClient_ itself to learn how it works.
.. _InteractiveTelegramClient: https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/blob/master/telethon_examples/interactive_telegram_client.py
.. _TelegramClient: https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/blob/master/telethon/telegram_client.py
.. automodule:: telethon.telegram_client
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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@ -14,23 +14,24 @@ The library can run in four distinguishable modes:
- With several worker threads that run your update handlers.
- A mix of the above.
Since this section is about updates, we'll describe the simplest way to work with them.
.. warning::
Remember that you should always call ``client.disconnect()`` once you're done.
Since this section is about updates, we'll describe the simplest way to
work with them.
Using multiple workers
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
**********************
When you create your client, simply pass a number to the ``update_workers`` parameter:
When you create your client, simply pass a number to the
``update_workers`` parameter:
``client = TelegramClient('session', api_id, api_hash, update_workers=4)``
4 workers should suffice for most cases (this is also the default on `Python Telegram Bot`__).
You can set this value to more, or even less if you need.
4 workers should suffice for most cases (this is also the default on
`Python Telegram Bot`__). You can set this value to more, or even less
if you need.
The next thing you want to do is to add a method that will be called when an `Update`__ arrives:
The next thing you want to do is to add a method that will be called when
an `Update`__ arrives:
.. code-block:: python
@ -41,7 +42,8 @@ The next thing you want to do is to add a method that will be called when an `Up
# do more work here, or simply sleep!
That's it! Now let's do something more interesting.
Every time an user talks to use, let's reply to them with the same text reversed:
Every time an user talks to use, let's reply to them with the same
text reversed:
.. code-block:: python
@ -56,16 +58,18 @@ Every time an user talks to use, let's reply to them with the same text reversed
input('Press enter to stop this!')
client.disconnect()
We only ask you one thing: don't keep this running for too long, or your contacts will go mad.
We only ask you one thing: don't keep this running for too long, or your
contacts will go mad.
Spawning no worker at all
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
*************************
All the workers do is loop forever and poll updates from a queue that is filled from the ``ReadThread``,
responsible for reading every item off the network.
If you only need a worker and the ``MainThread`` would be doing no other job,
this is the preferred way. You can easily do the same as the workers like so:
All the workers do is loop forever and poll updates from a queue that is
filled from the ``ReadThread``, responsible for reading every item off
the network. If you only need a worker and the ``MainThread`` would be
doing no other job, this is the preferred way. You can easily do the same
as the workers like so:
.. code-block:: python
@ -81,24 +85,27 @@ this is the preferred way. You can easily do the same as the workers like so:
client.disconnect()
Note that ``poll`` accepts a ``timeout=`` parameter,
and it will return ``None`` if other thread got the update before you could or if the timeout expired,
so it's important to check ``if not update``.
Note that ``poll`` accepts a ``timeout=`` parameter, and it will return
``None`` if other thread got the update before you could or if the timeout
expired, so it's important to check ``if not update``.
This can coexist with the rest of ``N`` workers, or you can set it to ``0`` additional workers:
This can coexist with the rest of ``N`` workers, or you can set it to ``0``
additional workers:
``client = TelegramClient('session', api_id, api_hash, update_workers=0)``
You **must** set it to ``0`` (or other number), as it defaults to ``None`` and there is a different.
``None`` workers means updates won't be processed *at all*,
so you must set it to some value (0 or greater) if you want ``client.updates.poll()`` to work.
You **must** set it to ``0`` (or other number), as it defaults to ``None``
and there is a different. ``None`` workers means updates won't be processed
*at all*, so you must set it to some value (``0`` or greater) if you want
``client.updates.poll()`` to work.
Using the main thread instead the ``ReadThread``
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
************************************************
If you have no work to do on the ``MainThread`` and you were planning to have a ``while True: sleep(1)``,
don't do that. Instead, don't spawn the secondary ``ReadThread`` at all like so:
If you have no work to do on the ``MainThread`` and you were planning to have
a ``while True: sleep(1)``, don't do that. Instead, don't spawn the secondary
``ReadThread`` at all like so:
.. code-block:: python
@ -111,8 +118,8 @@ And then ``.idle()`` from the ``MainThread``:
``client.idle()``
You can stop it with :kbd:`Control+C`,
and you can configure the signals to be used in a similar fashion to `Python Telegram Bot`__.
You can stop it with :kbd:`Control+C`, and you can configure the signals
to be used in a similar fashion to `Python Telegram Bot`__.
As a complete example:

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@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
==========
API Status
==========
In an attempt to help everyone who works with the Telegram API, the
library will by default report all *Remote Procedure Call* errors to
`RPC PWRTelegram <https://rpc.pwrtelegram.xyz/>`__, a public database
anyone can query, made by `Daniil <https://github.com/danog>`__. All the
information sent is a ``GET`` request with the error code, error message
and method used.
If you still would like to opt out, simply set
``client.session.report_errors = False`` to disable this feature, or
pass ``report_errors=False`` as a named parameter when creating a
``TelegramClient`` instance. However Daniil would really thank you if
you helped him (and everyone) by keeping it on!
Querying the API status
***********************
The API is accessed through ``GET`` requests, which can be made for
instance through ``curl``. A JSON response will be returned.
**All known errors and their description**:
.. code:: bash
curl https://rpc.pwrtelegram.xyz/?all
**Error codes for a specific request**:
.. code:: bash
curl https://rpc.pwrtelegram.xyz/?for=messages.sendMessage
**Number of ``RPC_CALL_FAIL``\ 's**:
.. code:: bash
curl https://rpc.pwrtelegram.xyz/?rip # last hour
curl https://rpc.pwrtelegram.xyz/?rip=$(time()-60) # last minute
**Description of errors**:
.. code:: bash
curl https://rpc.pwrtelegram.xyz/?description_for=SESSION_REVOKED
**Code of a specific error**:
.. code:: bash
curl https://rpc.pwrtelegram.xyz/?code_for=STICKERSET_INVALID

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============
Coding Style
============
Basically, make it **readable**, while keeping the style similar to the
code of whatever file you're working on.
Also note that not everyone has 4K screens for their primary monitors,
so please try to stick to the 80-columns limit. This makes it easy to
``git diff`` changes from a terminal before committing changes. If the
line has to be long, please don't exceed 120 characters.
For the commit messages, please make them *explanatory*. Not only
they're helpful to troubleshoot when certain issues could have been
introduced, but they're also used to construct the change log once a new
version is ready.
If you don't know enough Python, I strongly recommend reading `Dive Into
Python 3 <http://www.diveintopython3.net/>`__, available online for
free. For instance, remember to do ``if x is None`` or
``if x is not None`` instead ``if x == None``!

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==========
Philosophy
==========
The intention of the library is to have an existing MTProto library
existing with hardly any dependencies (indeed, wherever Python is
available, you can run this library).
Being written in Python means that performance will be nowhere close to
other implementations written in, for instance, Java, C++, Rust, or
pretty much any other compiled language. However, the library turns out
to actually be pretty decent for common operations such as sending
messages, receiving updates, or other scripting. Uploading files may be
notably slower, but if you would like to contribute, pull requests are
appreciated!
If ``libssl`` is available on your system, the library will make use of
it to speed up some critical parts such as encrypting and decrypting the
messages. Files will notably be sent and downloaded faster.
The main focus is to keep everything clean and simple, for everyone to
understand how working with MTProto and Telegram works. Don't be afraid
to read the source, the code won't bite you! It may prove useful when
using the library on your own use cases.

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@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
=================
Project Structure
=================
Main interface
**************
The library itself is under the ``telethon/`` directory. The
``__init__.py`` file there exposes the main ``TelegramClient``, a class
that servers as a nice interface with the most commonly used methods on
Telegram such as sending messages, retrieving the message history,
handling updates, etc.
The ``TelegramClient`` inherits the ``TelegramBareClient``. The later is
basically a pruned version of the ``TelegramClient``, which knows basic
stuff like ``.invoke()``\ 'ing requests, downloading files, or switching
between data centers. This is primary to keep the method count per class
and file low and manageable.
Both clients make use of the ``network/mtproto_sender.py``. The
``MtProtoSender`` class handles packing requests with the ``salt``,
``id``, ``sequence``, etc., and also handles how to process responses
(i.e. pong, RPC errors). This class communicates through Telegram via
its ``.connection`` member.
The ``Connection`` class uses a ``extensions/tcp_client``, a C#-like
``TcpClient`` to ease working with sockets in Python. All the
``TcpClient`` know is how to connect through TCP and writing/reading
from the socket with optional cancel.
The ``Connection`` class bundles up all the connections modes and sends
and receives the messages accordingly (TCP full, obfuscated,
intermediate…).
Auto-generated code
*******************
The files under ``telethon_generator/`` are used to generate the code
that gets placed under ``telethon/tl/``. The ``TLGenerator`` takes in a
``.tl`` file, and spits out the generated classes which represent, as
Python classes, the request and types defined in the ``.tl`` file. It
also constructs an index so that they can be imported easily.

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@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
===============================
Telegram API in Other Languages
===============================
Telethon was made for **Python**, and as far as I know, there is no
*exact* port to other languages. However, there *are* other
implementations made by awesome people (one needs to be awesome to
understand the official Telegram documentation) on several languages
(even more Python too), listed below:
C
*
Possibly the most well-known unofficial open source implementation out
there by `**@vysheng** <https://github.com/vysheng>`__,
```tgl`` <https://github.com/vysheng/tgl>`__, and its console client
```telegram-cli`` <https://github.com/vysheng/tg>`__. Latest development
has been moved to `BitBucket <https://bitbucket.org/vysheng/tdcli>`__.
JavaScript
**********
`**@zerobias** <https://github.com/zerobias>`__ is working on
```telegram-mtproto`` <https://github.com/zerobias/telegram-mtproto>`__,
a work-in-progress JavaScript library installable via
```npm`` <https://www.npmjs.com/>`__.
Kotlin
******
`Kotlogram <https://github.com/badoualy/kotlogram>`__ is a Telegram
implementation written in Kotlin (the now
`official <https://blog.jetbrains.com/kotlin/2017/05/kotlin-on-android-now-official/>`__
language for
`Android <https://developer.android.com/kotlin/index.html>`__) by
`**@badoualy** <https://github.com/badoualy>`__, currently as a beta–
yet working.
PHP
***
A PHP implementation is also available thanks to
`**@danog** <https://github.com/danog>`__ and his
`MadelineProto <https://github.com/danog/MadelineProto>`__ project, with
a very nice `online
documentation <https://daniil.it/MadelineProto/API_docs/>`__ too.
Python
******
A fairly new (as of the end of 2017) Telegram library written from the
ground up in Python by
`**@delivrance** <https://github.com/delivrance>`__ and his
`Pyrogram <https://github.com/pyrogram/pyrogram>`__ library! No hard
feelings Dan and good luck dealing with some of your users ;)
Rust
****
Yet another work-in-progress implementation, this time for Rust thanks
to `**@JuanPotato** <https://github.com/JuanPotato>`__ under the fancy
name of `Vail <https://github.com/JuanPotato/Vail>`__. This one is very
early still, but progress is being made at a steady rate.

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============
Test Servers
============
To run Telethon on a test server, use the following code:
.. code-block:: python
client = TelegramClient(None, api_id, api_hash)
client.session.server_address = '149.154.167.40'
client.connect()
You can check your ``'test ip'`` on https://my.telegram.org.
You should set ``None`` session so to ensure you're generating a new
authorization key for it (it would fail if you used a session where you
had previously connected to another data center).
Once you're connected, you'll likely need to ``.sign_up()``. Remember
`anyone can access the phone you
choose <https://core.telegram.org/api/datacenter#testing-redirects>`__,
so don't store sensitive data here:
.. code-block:: python
from random import randint
dc_id = '2' # Change this to the DC id of the test server you chose
phone = '99966' + dc_id + str(randint(9999)).zfill(4)
client.send_code_request(phone)
client.sign_up(dc_id * 5, 'Some', 'Name')

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@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
============================
Tips for Porting the Project
============================
If you're going to use the code on this repository to guide you, please
be kind and don't forget to mention it helped you!
You should start by reading the source code on the `first
release <https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/releases/tag/v0.1>`__ of
the project, and start creating a ``MtProtoSender``. Once this is made,
you should write by hand the code to authenticate on the Telegram's
server, which are some steps required to get the key required to talk to
them. Save it somewhere! Then, simply mimic, or reinvent other parts of
the code, and it will be ready to go within a few days.
Good luck!

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===============================
Understanding the Type Language
===============================
`Telegram's Type Language <https://core.telegram.org/mtproto/TL>`__
(also known as TL, found on ``.tl`` files) is a concise way to define
what other programming languages commonly call classes or structs.
Every definition is written as follows for a Telegram object is defined
as follows:
.. code:: tl
name#id argument_name:argument_type = CommonType
This means that in a single line you know what the ``TLObject`` name is.
You know it's unique ID, and you know what arguments it has. It really
isn't that hard to write a generator for generating code to any
platform!
The generated code should also be able to *encode* the ``TLObject`` (let
this be a request or a type) into bytes, so they can be sent over the
network. This isn't a big deal either, because you know how the
``TLObject``\ 's are made, and how the types should be serialized.
You can either write your own code generator, or use the one this
library provides, but please be kind and keep some special mention to
this project for helping you out.
This is only a introduction. The ``TL`` language is not *that* easy. But
it's not that hard either. You're free to sniff the
``telethon_generator/`` files and learn how to parse other more complex
lines, such as ``flags`` (to indicate things that may or may not be
written at all) and ``vector``\ 's.

20
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@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
======
====
Bots
======
====
Talking to Inline Bots
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
**********************
You can query an inline bot, such as `@VoteBot`__
(note, *query*, not *interact* with a voting message), by making use of
the `GetInlineBotResultsRequest`__ request:
You can query an inline bot, such as `@VoteBot`__ (note, *query*,
not *interact* with a voting message), by making use of the
`GetInlineBotResultsRequest`__ request:
.. code-block:: python
@ -32,11 +33,10 @@ And you can select any of their results by using
Talking to Bots with special reply markup
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
*****************************************
To interact with a message that has a special reply markup, such as
`@VoteBot`__ polls, you would use
`GetBotCallbackAnswerRequest`__:
`@VoteBot`__ polls, you would use `GetBotCallbackAnswerRequest`__:
.. code-block:: python
@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ To interact with a message that has a special reply markup, such as
data=msg.reply_markup.rows[wanted_row].buttons[wanted_button].data
))
It’s a bit verbose, but it has all the information you would need to
It's a bit verbose, but it has all the information you would need to
show it visually (button rows, and buttons within each row, each with
its own data).

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===============================
Working with Chats and Channels
===============================
Joining a chat or channel
*************************
Note that `Chat`__\ s are normal groups, and `Channel`__\ s are a
special form of `Chat`__\ s,
which can also be super-groups if their ``megagroup`` member is
``True``.
Joining a public channel
************************
Once you have the :ref:`entity <entities>` of the channel you want to join
to, you can make use of the `JoinChannelRequest`__ to join such channel:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon.tl.functions.channels import JoinChannelRequest
client(JoinChannelRequest(channel))
# In the same way, you can also leave such channel
from telethon.tl.functions.channels import LeaveChannelRequest
client(LeaveChannelRequest(input_channel))
For more on channels, check the `channels namespace`__.
Joining a private chat or channel
*********************************
If all you have is a link like this one:
``https://t.me/joinchat/AAAAAFFszQPyPEZ7wgxLtd``, you already have
enough information to join! The part after the
``https://t.me/joinchat/``, this is, ``AAAAAFFszQPyPEZ7wgxLtd`` on this
example, is the ``hash`` of the chat or channel. Now you can use
`ImportChatInviteRequest`__ as follows:
.. -block:: python
from telethon.tl.functions.messages import ImportChatInviteRequest
updates = client(ImportChatInviteRequest('AAAAAEHbEkejzxUjAUCfYg'))
Adding someone else to such chat or channel
*******************************************
If you don't want to add yourself, maybe because you're already in,
you can always add someone else with the `AddChatUserRequest`__,
which use is very straightforward:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon.tl.functions.messages import AddChatUserRequest
client(AddChatUserRequest(
chat_id,
user_to_add,
fwd_limit=10 # allow the user to see the 10 last messages
))
Checking a link without joining
*******************************
If you don't need to join but rather check whether it's a group or a
channel, you can use the `CheckChatInviteRequest`__, which takes in
the `hash`__ of said channel or group.
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/constructors/chat.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/constructors/channel.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/types/chat.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/channels/join_channel.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/channels/index.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/messages/import_chat_invite.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/messages/add_chat_user.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/messages/check_chat_invite.html
__ https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/wiki/Joining-a-chat-or-channel#joining-a-private-chat-or-channel
Retrieving all chat members (channels too)
******************************************
In order to get all the members from a mega-group or channel, you need
to use `GetParticipantsRequest`__. As we can see it needs an
`InputChannel`__, (passing the mega-group or channel you're going to
use will work), and a mandatory `ChannelParticipantsFilter`__. The
closest thing to "no filter" is to simply use
`ChannelParticipantsSearch`__ with an empty ``'q'`` string.
If we want to get *all* the members, we need to use a moving offset and
a fixed limit:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon.tl.functions.channels import GetParticipantsRequest
from telethon.tl.types import ChannelParticipantsSearch
from time import sleep
offset = 0
limit = 100
all_participants = []
while True:
participants = client.invoke(GetParticipantsRequest(
channel, ChannelParticipantsSearch(''), offset, limit
))
if not participants.users:
break
all_participants.extend(participants.users)
offset += len(participants.users)
Note that ``GetParticipantsRequest`` returns `ChannelParticipants`__,
which may have more information you need (like the role of the
participants, total count of members, etc.)
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/channels/get_participants.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/channels/get_participants.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/types/channel_participants_filter.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/constructors/channel_participants_search.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/constructors/channels/channel_participants.html
Recent Actions
**************
"Recent actions" is simply the name official applications have given to
the "admin log". Simply use `GetAdminLogRequest`__ for that, and
you'll get AdminLogResults.events in return which in turn has the final
`.action`__.
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/channels/get_admin_log.html
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/types/channel_admin_log_event_action.html
Admin Permissions
*****************
Giving or revoking admin permissions can be done with the `EditAdminRequest`__:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon.tl.functions.channels import EditAdminRequest
from telethon.tl.types import ChannelAdminRights
# You need both the channel and who to grant permissions
# They can either be channel/user or input channel/input user.
#
# ChannelAdminRights is a list of granted permissions.
# Set to True those you want to give.
rights = ChannelAdminRights(
post_messages=None,
add_admins=None,
invite_users=None,
change_info=True,
ban_users=None,
delete_messages=True,
pin_messages=True,
invite_link=None,
edit_messages=None
)
client(EditAdminRequest(channel, who, rights))
Thanks to `@Kyle2142`__ for `pointing out`__ that you **cannot** set
to ``True`` the ``post_messages`` and ``edit_messages`` fields. Those that
are ``None`` can be omitted (left here so you know `which are available`__.
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/channels/edit_admin.html
__ https://github.com/Kyle2142
__ https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues/490
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/constructors/channel_admin_rights.html
Increasing View Count in a Channel
**********************************
It has been asked `quite`__ `a few`__ `times`__ (really, `many`__), and
while I don't understand why so many people ask this, the solution is to
use `GetMessagesViewsRequest`__, setting ``increment=True``:
.. code-block:: python
# Obtain `channel' through dialogs or through client.get_entity() or anyhow.
# Obtain `msg_ids' through `.get_message_history()` or anyhow. Must be a list.
client(GetMessagesViewsRequest(
peer=channel,
id=msg_ids,
increment=True
))
__ https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues/233
__ https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues/305
__ https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues/409
__ https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues/447
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/messages/get_messages_views.html

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=========================
=====================
Working with messages
=========================
.. note::
Make sure you have gone through :ref:`prelude` already!
=====================
Forwarding messages
*******************
Note that ForwardMessageRequest_ (note it's Message, singular) will *not* work if channels are involved.
This is because channel (and megagroups) IDs are not unique, so you also need to know who the sender is
(a parameter this request doesn't have).
Note that ForwardMessageRequest_ (note it's Message, singular) will *not*
work if channels are involved. This is because channel (and megagroups) IDs
are not unique, so you also need to know who the sender is (a parameter this
request doesn't have).
Either way, you are encouraged to use ForwardMessagesRequest_ (note it's Message*s*, plural) *always*,
since it is more powerful, as follows:
Either way, you are encouraged to use ForwardMessagesRequest_ (note it's
Message*s*, plural) *always*, since it is more powerful, as follows:
.. code-block:: python
@ -31,14 +29,16 @@ since it is more powerful, as follows:
to_peer=to_entity # who are we forwarding them to?
))
The named arguments are there for clarity, although they're not needed because they appear in order.
You can obviously just wrap a single message on the list too, if that's all you have.
The named arguments are there for clarity, although they're not needed because
they appear in order. You can obviously just wrap a single message on the list
too, if that's all you have.
Searching Messages
*******************
Messages are searched through the obvious SearchRequest_, but you may run into issues_. A valid example would be:
Messages are searched through the obvious SearchRequest_, but you may run
into issues_. A valid example would be:
.. code-block:: python
@ -46,27 +46,32 @@ Messages are searched through the obvious SearchRequest_, but you may run into i
entity, 'query', InputMessagesFilterEmpty(), None, None, 0, 0, 100
))
It's important to note that the optional parameter ``from_id`` has been left omitted and thus defaults to ``None``.
Changing it to InputUserEmpty_, as one could think to specify "no user", won't work because this parameter is a flag,
It's important to note that the optional parameter ``from_id`` has been left
omitted and thus defaults to ``None``. Changing it to InputUserEmpty_, as one
could think to specify "no user", won't work because this parameter is a flag,
and it being unspecified has a different meaning.
If one were to set ``from_id=InputUserEmpty()``, it would filter messages from "empty" senders,
which would likely match no users.
If one were to set ``from_id=InputUserEmpty()``, it would filter messages
from "empty" senders, which would likely match no users.
If you get a ``ChatAdminRequiredError`` on a channel, it's probably because you tried setting the ``from_id`` filter,
and as the error says, you can't do that. Leave it set to ``None`` and it should work.
If you get a ``ChatAdminRequiredError`` on a channel, it's probably because
you tried setting the ``from_id`` filter, and as the error says, you can't
do that. Leave it set to ``None`` and it should work.
As with every method, make sure you use the right ID/hash combination for your ``InputUser`` or ``InputChat``,
or you'll likely run into errors like ``UserIdInvalidError``.
As with every method, make sure you use the right ID/hash combination for
your ``InputUser`` or ``InputChat``, or you'll likely run into errors like
``UserIdInvalidError``.
Sending stickers
*****************
****************
Stickers are nothing else than ``files``, and when you successfully retrieve the stickers for a certain sticker set,
all you will have are ``handles`` to these files. Remember, the files Telegram holds on their servers can be referenced
through this pair of ID/hash (unique per user), and you need to use this handle when sending a "document" message.
This working example will send yourself the very first sticker you have:
Stickers are nothing else than ``files``, and when you successfully retrieve
the stickers for a certain sticker set, all you will have are ``handles`` to
these files. Remember, the files Telegram holds on their servers can be
referenced through this pair of ID/hash (unique per user), and you need to
use this handle when sending a "document" message. This working example will
send yourself the very first sticker you have:
.. code-block:: python

4
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
=========================================
========================================
Deleted, Limited or Deactivated Accounts
=========================================
========================================
If you're from Iran or Russian, we have bad news for you.
Telegram is much more likely to ban these numbers,

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@ -1,15 +1,18 @@
================
Enable Logging
Enabling Logging
================
Telethon makes use of the `logging`__ module, and you can enable it as follows:
.. code-block:: python
.. code:: python
import logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
You can also use it in your own project very easily:
The library has the `NullHandler`__ added by default so that no log calls
will be printed unless you explicitly enable it.
You can also `use the module`__ on your own project very easily:
.. code-block:: python
@ -21,4 +24,17 @@ You can also use it in your own project very easily:
logger.warning('This is a warning!')
If you want to enable ``logging`` for your project *but* use a different
log level for the library:
.. code-block:: python
import logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
# For instance, show only warnings and above
logging.getLogger('telethon').setLevel(level=logging.WARNING)
__ https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html
__ https://docs.python.org/3/howto/logging.html#configuring-logging-for-a-library
__ https://docs.python.org/3/howto/logging.html

8
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@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ RPC Errors
==========
RPC stands for Remote Procedure Call, and when Telethon raises an
``RPCError``, it’s most likely because you have invoked some of the API
``RPCError``, it's most likely because you have invoked some of the API
methods incorrectly (wrong parameters, wrong permissions, or even
something went wrong on Telegram’s server). The most common are:
something went wrong on Telegram's server). The most common are:
- ``FloodError`` (420), the same request was repeated many times. Must
wait ``.seconds``.
@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ something went wrong on Telegram’s server). The most common are:
verification on Telegram.
- ``CdnFileTamperedError``, if the media you were trying to download
from a CDN has been altered.
- ``ChatAdminRequiredError``, you don’t have permissions to perform
- ``ChatAdminRequiredError``, you don't have permissions to perform
said operation on a chat or channel. Try avoiding filters, i.e. when
searching messages.
@ -22,6 +22,6 @@ The generic classes for different error codes are: \* ``InvalidDCError``
``BadRequestError`` (400), the request contained errors. \*
``UnauthorizedError`` (401), the user is not authorized yet. \*
``ForbiddenError`` (403), privacy violation error. \* ``NotFoundError``
(404), make sure you’re invoking ``Request``\ ’s!
(404), make sure you're invoking ``Request``\ 's!
If the error is not recognised, it will only be an ``RPCError``.

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@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
This project has an
`issues <https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues>`__ section for
you to file **issues** whenever you encounter any when working with the
library. Said section is **not** for issues on *your* program but rather
issues with Telethon itself.
If you have not made the effort to 1. `read through the
wiki <https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/wiki>`__ and 2. `look for
the method you need <https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/>`__, you
will end up on the `Wall of
Shame <https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues?q=is%3Aissue+label%3ARTFM+is%3Aclosed>`__,
i.e. all issues labeled
`"RTFM" <http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=RTFM>`__:
> > **rtfm**
> > Literally "Read The F\ **king Manual"; a term showing the
frustration of being bothered with questions so trivial that the asker
could have quickly figured out the answer on their own with minimal
effort, usually by reading readily-available documents. People who
say"RTFM!" might be considered rude, but the true rude ones are the
annoying people who take absolutely no self-responibility and expect to
have all the answers handed to them personally.
> > *"Damn, that's the twelveth time that somebody posted this question
to the messageboard today! RTFM, already!"*
> > **\ by Bill M. July 27, 2004*\*
If you have indeed read the wiki, and have tried looking for the method,
and yet you didn't find what you need, **that's fine**. Telegram's API
can have some obscure names at times, and for this reason, there is a
`"question"
label <https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=is%3Aissue%20is%3Aclosed%20label%3Aquestion%20>`__
with questions that are okay to ask. Just state what you've tried so
that we know you've made an effort, or you'll go to the Wall of Shame.
Of course, if the issue you're going to open is not even a question but
a real issue with the library (thankfully, most of the issues have been
that!), you won't end up here. Don't worry.
Current winner
--------------
The current winner is `issue
213 <https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon/issues/213>`__:
**Issue:**
.. figure:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/6297805/29822978-9a9a6ef0-8ccd-11e7-9ec5-934ea0f57681.jpg
:alt: Winner issue
Winner issue
**Answer:**
.. figure:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/6297805/29822983-9d523402-8ccd-11e7-9fb1-5783740ee366.jpg
:alt: Winner issue answer
Winner issue answer

53
readthedocs/index.rst
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@ -3,11 +3,14 @@
You can adapt this file completely to your liking, but it should at least
contain the root `toctree` directive.
====================================
Welcome to Telethon's documentation!
====================================
Pure Python 3 Telegram client library. Official Site `here <https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon>`_.
Pure Python 3 Telegram client library.
Official Site `here <https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon>`_.
Please follow the links below to get you started.
.. _installation-and-usage:
@ -19,10 +22,9 @@ Pure Python 3 Telegram client library. Official Site `here <https://lonamiwebs.g
extra/basic/getting-started
extra/basic/installation
extra/basic/creating-a-client
extra/basic/sessions
extra/basic/sending-requests
extra/basic/telegram-client
extra/basic/entities
extra/basic/working-with-updates
extra/basic/accessing-the-full-api
.. _Advanced-usage:
@ -31,11 +33,19 @@ Pure Python 3 Telegram client library. Official Site `here <https://lonamiwebs.g
:maxdepth: 2
:caption: Advanced Usage
extra/advanced
extra/advanced-usage/signing-in
extra/advanced-usage/working-with-messages
extra/advanced-usage/users-and-chats
extra/advanced-usage/bots
extra/advanced-usage/accessing-the-full-api
extra/advanced-usage/sessions
.. _Examples:
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
:caption: Examples
extra/examples/working-with-messages
extra/examples/chats-and-channels
extra/examples/bots
.. _Troubleshooting:
@ -49,6 +59,30 @@ Pure Python 3 Telegram client library. Official Site `here <https://lonamiwebs.g
extra/troubleshooting/rpc-errors
.. _Developing:
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
:caption: Developing
extra/developing/philosophy.rst
extra/developing/api-status.rst
extra/developing/test-servers.rst
extra/developing/project-structure.rst
extra/developing/coding-style.rst
extra/developing/understanding-the-type-language.rst
extra/developing/tips-for-porting-the-project.rst
extra/developing/telegram-api-in-other-languages.rst
.. _Wall-of-shame:
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
:caption: Wall of Shame
extra/wall-of-shame.rst
.. toctree::
:caption: Telethon modules
@ -56,7 +90,6 @@ Pure Python 3 Telegram client library. Official Site `here <https://lonamiwebs.g
telethon
Indices and tables
==================