mirror of
https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon.git
synced 2024-11-30 05:13:45 +03:00
88 lines
3.7 KiB
ReStructuredText
88 lines
3.7 KiB
ReStructuredText
=========================
|
|
Users, Chats and Channels
|
|
=========================
|
|
|
|
|
|
Introduction
|
|
************
|
|
|
|
The library widely uses the concept of "entities". An entity will refer
|
|
to any ``User``, ``Chat`` or ``Channel`` object that the API may return
|
|
in response to certain methods, such as ``GetUsersRequest``.
|
|
|
|
To save bandwidth, the API also makes use of their "input" versions.
|
|
The input version of an entity (e.g. ``InputPeerUser``, ``InputChat``,
|
|
etc.) only contains the minimum required information that's required
|
|
for Telegram to be able to identify who you're referring to: their ID
|
|
and hash. This ID/hash pair is unique per user, so if you use the pair
|
|
given by another user **or bot** it will **not** work.
|
|
|
|
To save *even more* bandwidth, the API also makes use of the ``Peer``
|
|
versions, which just have an ID. This serves to identify them, but
|
|
peers alone are not enough to use them. You need to know their hash
|
|
before you can "use them".
|
|
|
|
Luckily, the library tries to simplify this mess the best it can.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Getting entities
|
|
****************
|
|
|
|
Through the use of the :ref:`sessions`, the library will automatically
|
|
remember the ID and hash pair, along with some extra information, so
|
|
you're able to just do this:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: python
|
|
|
|
# Dialogs are the "conversations you have open".
|
|
# This method returns a list of Dialog, which
|
|
# has the .entity attribute and other information.
|
|
dialogs = client.get_dialogs(limit=200)
|
|
|
|
# All of these work and do the same.
|
|
lonami = client.get_entity('lonami')
|
|
lonami = client.get_entity('t.me/lonami')
|
|
lonami = client.get_entity('https://telegram.dog/lonami')
|
|
|
|
# Other kind of entities.
|
|
channel = client.get_entity('telegram.me/joinchat/AAAAAEkk2WdoDrB4-Q8-gg')
|
|
contact = client.get_entity('+34xxxxxxxxx')
|
|
friend = client.get_entity(friend_id)
|
|
|
|
# Using Peer/InputPeer (note that the API may return these)
|
|
# users, chats and channels may all have the same ID, so it's
|
|
# necessary to wrap (at least) chat and channels inside Peer.
|
|
from telethon.tl.types import PeerUser, PeerChat, PeerChannel
|
|
my_user = client.get_entity(PeerUser(some_id))
|
|
my_chat = client.get_entity(PeerChat(some_id))
|
|
my_channel = client.get_entity(PeerChannel(some_id))
|
|
|
|
|
|
All methods in the :ref:`telegram-client` call ``.get_entity()`` to further
|
|
save you from the hassle of doing so manually, so doing things like
|
|
``client.send_message('lonami', 'hi!')`` is possible.
|
|
|
|
Every entity the library "sees" (in any response to any call) will by
|
|
default be cached in the ``.session`` file, to avoid performing
|
|
unnecessary API calls. If the entity cannot be found, some calls
|
|
like ``ResolveUsernameRequest`` or ``GetContactsRequest`` may be
|
|
made to obtain the required information.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Entities vs. Input Entities
|
|
***************************
|
|
|
|
As we mentioned before, API calls don't need to know the whole information
|
|
about the entities, only their ID and hash. For this reason, another method,
|
|
``.get_input_entity()`` is available. This will always use the cache while
|
|
possible, making zero API calls most of the time. When a request is made,
|
|
if you provided the full entity, e.g. an ``User``, the library will convert
|
|
it to the required ``InputPeer`` automatically for you.
|
|
|
|
**You should always favour** ``.get_input_entity()`` **over** ``.get_entity()``
|
|
for this reason! Calling the latter will always make an API call to get
|
|
the most recent information about said entity, but invoking requests don't
|
|
need this information, just the ``InputPeer``. Only use ``.get_entity()``
|
|
if you need to get actual information, like the username, name, title, etc.
|
|
of the entity.
|