mirror of
https://github.com/LonamiWebs/Telethon.git
synced 2024-11-29 21:03:45 +03:00
147 lines
5.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
147 lines
5.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. _accessing-the-full-api:
|
|
|
|
======================
|
|
Accessing the Full API
|
|
======================
|
|
|
|
.. important::
|
|
|
|
While you have access to this, you should always use the friendly
|
|
methods listed on :ref:`telethon-package` unless you have a better
|
|
reason not to, like a method not existing or you wanting more control.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The `telethon.telegram_client.TelegramClient` doesn't offer a method for every
|
|
single request the Telegram API supports. However, it's very simple to *call*
|
|
or *invoke* any request. Whenever you need something, don't forget to `check
|
|
the documentation`__ and look for the `method you need`__. There you can go
|
|
through a sorted list of everything you can do.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note::
|
|
|
|
The reason to keep both https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon and this
|
|
documentation alive is that the former allows instant search results
|
|
as you type, and a "Copy import" button. If you like namespaces, you
|
|
can also do ``from telethon.tl import types, functions``. Both work.
|
|
|
|
|
|
You should also refer to the documentation to see what the objects
|
|
(constructors) Telegram returns look like. Every constructor inherits
|
|
from a common type, and that's the reason for this distinction.
|
|
|
|
Say `telethon.telegram_client.TelegramClient.send_message` didn't exist,
|
|
we could use the `search`__ to look for "message". There we would find
|
|
:tl:`SendMessageRequest`, which we can work with.
|
|
|
|
Every request is a Python class, and has the parameters needed for you
|
|
to invoke it. You can also call ``help(request)`` for information on
|
|
what input parameters it takes. Remember to "Copy import to the
|
|
clipboard", or your script won't be aware of this class! Now we have:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: python
|
|
|
|
from telethon.tl.functions.messages import SendMessageRequest
|
|
|
|
If you're going to use a lot of these, you may do:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: python
|
|
|
|
from telethon.tl import types, functions
|
|
# We now have access to 'functions.messages.SendMessageRequest'
|
|
|
|
We see that this request must take at least two parameters, a ``peer``
|
|
of type :tl:`InputPeer`, and a ``message`` which is just a Python
|
|
``str``\ ing.
|
|
|
|
How can we retrieve this :tl:`InputPeer`? We have two options. We manually
|
|
construct one, for instance:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: python
|
|
|
|
from telethon.tl.types import InputPeerUser
|
|
|
|
peer = InputPeerUser(user_id, user_hash)
|
|
|
|
Or we call `telethon.telegram_client.TelegramClient.get_input_entity()`:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: python
|
|
|
|
peer = client.get_input_entity('someone')
|
|
|
|
When you're going to invoke an API method, most require you to pass an
|
|
:tl:`InputUser`, :tl:`InputChat`, or so on, this is why using
|
|
``.get_input_entity()`` is more straightforward (and often
|
|
immediate, if you've seen the user before, know their ID, etc.).
|
|
If you also need to have information about the whole user, use
|
|
`telethon.telegram_client.TelegramClient.get_entity()` instead:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: python
|
|
|
|
entity = client.get_entity('someone')
|
|
|
|
In the later case, when you use the entity, the library will cast it to
|
|
its "input" version for you. If you already have the complete user and
|
|
want to cache its input version so the library doesn't have to do this
|
|
every time its used, simply call `telethon.utils.get_input_peer`:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: python
|
|
|
|
from telethon import utils
|
|
peer = utils.get_input_user(entity)
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note::
|
|
|
|
Since ``v0.16.2`` this is further simplified. The ``Request`` itself
|
|
will call ``client.get_input_entity()`` for you when required, but
|
|
it's good to remember what's happening.
|
|
|
|
|
|
After this small parenthesis about ``.get_entity`` versus
|
|
``.get_input_entity``, we have everything we need. To ``.invoke()`` our
|
|
request we do:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: python
|
|
|
|
result = client(SendMessageRequest(peer, 'Hello there!'))
|
|
# __call__ is an alias for client.invoke(request). Both will work
|
|
|
|
Message sent! Of course, this is only an example. There are nearly 250
|
|
methods available as of layer 73, and you can use every single of them
|
|
as you wish. Remember to use the right types! To sum up:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: python
|
|
|
|
result = client(SendMessageRequest(
|
|
client.get_input_entity('username'), 'Hello there!'
|
|
))
|
|
|
|
|
|
This can further be simplified to:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: python
|
|
|
|
result = client(SendMessageRequest('username', 'Hello there!'))
|
|
# Or even
|
|
result = client(SendMessageRequest(PeerChannel(id), 'Hello there!'))
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note::
|
|
|
|
Note that some requests have a "hash" parameter. This is **not**
|
|
your ``api_hash``! It likely isn't your self-user ``.access_hash`` either.
|
|
|
|
It's a special hash used by Telegram to only send a difference of new data
|
|
that you don't already have with that request, so you can leave it to 0,
|
|
and it should work (which means no hash is known yet).
|
|
|
|
For those requests having a "limit" parameter, you can often set it to
|
|
zero to signify "return default amount". This won't work for all of them
|
|
though, for instance, in "messages.search" it will actually return 0 items.
|
|
|
|
|
|
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon
|
|
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/methods/index.html
|
|
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/?q=message&redirect=no
|