Telethon/readthedocs/extra/basic/working-with-updates.rst
2017-11-20 12:19:53 +08:00

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.. _working-with-updates:
====================
Working with Updates
====================
.. contents::
The library can run in four distinguishable modes:
- With no extra threads at all.
- With an extra thread that receives everything as soon as possible (default).
- With several worker threads that run your update handlers.
- A mix of the above.
Since this section is about updates, we'll describe the simplest way to work with them.
.. warning::
Remember that you should always call ``client.disconnect()`` once you're done.
Using multiple workers
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
When you create your client, simply pass a number to the ``update_workers`` parameter:
``client = TelegramClient('session', api_id, api_hash, update_workers=4)``
4 workers should suffice for most cases (this is also the default on `Python Telegram Bot`__).
You can set this value to more, or even less if you need.
The next thing you want to do is to add a method that will be called when an `Update`__ arrives:
.. code-block:: python
def callback(update):
print('I received', update)
client.add_update_handler(callback)
# do more work here, or simply sleep!
That's it! Now let's do something more interesting.
Every time an user talks to use, let's reply to them with the same text reversed:
.. code-block:: python
from telethon.tl.types import UpdateShortMessage, PeerUser
def replier(update):
if isinstance(update, UpdateShortMessage) and not update.out:
client.send_message(PeerUser(update.user_id), update.message[::-1])
client.add_update_handler(replier)
input('Press enter to stop this!')
client.disconnect()
We only ask you one thing: don't keep this running for too long, or your contacts will go mad.
Spawning no worker at all
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
All the workers do is loop forever and poll updates from a queue that is filled from the ``ReadThread``,
responsible for reading every item off the network.
If you only need a worker and the ``MainThread`` would be doing no other job,
this is the preferred way. You can easily do the same as the workers like so:
.. code-block:: python
while True:
try:
update = client.updates.poll()
if not update:
continue
print('I received', update)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
break
client.disconnect()
Note that ``poll`` accepts a ``timeout=`` parameter,
and it will return ``None`` if other thread got the update before you could or if the timeout expired,
so it's important to check ``if not update``.
This can coexist with the rest of ``N`` workers, or you can set it to ``0`` additional workers:
``client = TelegramClient('session', api_id, api_hash, update_workers=0)``
You **must** set it to ``0`` (or other number), as it defaults to ``None`` and there is a different.
``None`` workers means updates won't be processed *at all*,
so you must set it to some value (0 or greater) if you want ``client.updates.poll()`` to work.
Using the main thread instead the ``ReadThread``
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If you have no work to do on the ``MainThread`` and you were planning to have a ``while True: sleep(1)``,
don't do that. Instead, don't spawn the secondary ``ReadThread`` at all like so:
.. code-block:: python
client = TelegramClient(
...
spawn_read_thread=False
)
And then ``.idle()`` from the ``MainThread``:
``client.idle()``
You can stop it with :kbd:`Control+C`,
and you can configure the signals to be used in a similar fashion to `Python Telegram Bot`__.
As a complete example:
.. code-block:: python
def callback(update):
print('I received', update)
client = TelegramClient('session', api_id, api_hash,
update_workers=1, spawn_read_thread=False)
client.connect()
client.add_update_handler(callback)
client.idle() # ends with Ctrl+C
client.disconnect()
__ https://python-telegram-bot.org/
__ https://lonamiwebs.github.io/Telethon/types/update.html
__ https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/blob/4b3315db6feebafb94edcaa803df52bb49999ced/telegram/ext/updater.py#L460