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Move working with messages to the wiki

Lonami 2023-02-28 21:56:21 +01:00
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Sending-more-than-just-messages.md Normal file

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The current version of the library, v1, does not yet implement some features in the friendly methods, such as spoilers in `client.send_message`. And it never might, as it increases the maintenance burden, but are not so commonly used. However, that doesn't mean the library can't do those things.
# Sending stickers
Stickers are nothing else than ``files``, and when you successfully retrieve the stickers for a certain sticker set, all you will have are ``handles`` to these files. Remember, the files Telegram holds on their servers can be referenced through this pair of ID/hash (unique per user), and you need to use this handle when sending a "document" message. This working example will send yourself the very first sticker you have:
```python
# Get all the sticker sets this user has
from telethon.tl.functions.messages import GetAllStickersRequest
sticker_sets = await client(GetAllStickersRequest(0))
# Choose a sticker set
from telethon.tl.functions.messages import GetStickerSetRequest
from telethon.tl.types import InputStickerSetID
sticker_set = sticker_sets.sets[0]
# Get the stickers for this sticker set
stickers = await client(GetStickerSetRequest(
stickerset=InputStickerSetID(
id=sticker_set.id, access_hash=sticker_set.access_hash
),
hash=0
))
# Stickers are nothing more than files, so send that
await client.send_file('me', stickers.documents[0])
```
# Sending reactions
It works very similar to replying to a message. You need to specify the chat, message ID you wish to react to, and reaction, using :tl:`SendReaction`:
```python
from telethon.tl.functions.messages import SendReactionRequest
await client(SendReactionRequest(
peer=chat,
msg_id=42,
reaction=[types.ReactionEmoji(
emoticon='❤️'
)]
))
```
Note that you cannot use strings like ``:heart:`` for the reaction. You must use the desired emoji directly. You can most easily achieve this by copy-pasting the emoji from an official application such as Telegram Desktop.
If for some reason you cannot embed emoji directly into the code, you can also use its unicode escape (which you can find using websites like [unicode-table.com](https://unicode-table.com/en/emoji/)), or install a different package, like [`emoji`](https://pypi.org/project/emoji/):
```python
# All of these work exactly the same (you only need one):
import emoji
reaction = emoji.emojize(':red_heart:')
reaction = '❤️'
reaction = '\u2764'
from telethon.tl.functions.messages import SendReactionRequest
await client(SendReactionRequest(
peer=chat,
msg_id=42,
reaction=[types.ReactionEmoji(
emoticon=reaction
)]
))
```
Please make sure to check the help pages of the respective websites you use if you need a more in-depth explanation on how they work. Telethon only needs you to provide the emoji in some form. Some packages or websites can make this easier.
# Sending spoilers and custom emoji
Telethon's v1 `markdown` parser does not offer a way to send spoiler (hidden text) or custom emoji. However, it's easy to add support for them.
Telethon's [`parse_mode`](https://docs.telethon.dev/en/stable/modules/client.html#telethon.client.messageparse.MessageParseMethods.parse_mode) supports using a custom object with `parse` and `unparse` functions to work. This means it's possible to leverage the current markdown implementation and extend it with custom functionality.
Copy the following code into your own:
```python
from telethon.extensions import markdown
from telethon import types
class CustomMarkdown:
@staticmethod
def parse(text):
text, entities = markdown.parse(text)
for i, e in enumerate(entities):
if isinstance(e, types.MessageEntityTextUrl):
if e.url == 'spoiler':
entities[i] = types.MessageEntitySpoiler(e.offset, e.length)
elif e.url.startswith('emoji/'):
entities[i] = types.MessageEntityCustomEmoji(e.offset, e.length, int(e.url.split('/')[1]))
return text, entities
@staticmethod
def unparse(text, entities):
return markdown.unparse(text, entities)
```
This creates a custom class with `parse` and `unparse`. `CustomMarkdown.parse` uses `markdown.parse` (so it works just like the default markdown), but before returning, it scans the parsed text for the following inline URLs:
```python
message = 'this is a [link text](spoiler) and [❤️](emoji/10002345) too'
```
Here, the message contains a `link text` with URL `spoiler`. The above code will replace the URL with [`MessageEntitySpoiler`](https://tl.telethon.dev/constructors/message_entity_spoiler.html). It also contains a URL with `emoji/10002345`, which will be replaced with [`MessageEntityCustomEmoji`](https://tl.telethon.dev/constructors/message_entity_custom_emoji.html). Effectively sending those instead of the URL.
To use the class, you must change your `client.parse_mode` to it (be sure to use an instance, because the type is callable and the library would attempt to create an instance to parse it):
```python
client.parse_mode = CustomMarkdown()
```
Now, in your message text, you can use inline links which become spoilers and custom emoji! (Note that for custom emoji to work, the inline link text **must** be a normal emoji):
```python
client.send_message('me', 'hello this is a [hidden text](spoiler), with custom emoji [❤️](emoji/10002345) !')
```
You may have noticed the emoji URL is followed by a number. This number is a `document_id`. To find it, the easiest way is to send a message to your own chat with the premium emoji you want to use using an official client, and then use Telethon to print the `message.entities`. It will contain the `document_id` you need to use.

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Sending-spoilers-and-custom-emoji.md

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Telethon's v1 `markdown` parser does not offer a way to send spoiler (hidden text) or custom emoji. However, it's easy to add support for them.
Telethon's [`parse_mode`](https://docs.telethon.dev/en/stable/modules/client.html#telethon.client.messageparse.MessageParseMethods.parse_mode) supports using a custom object with `parse` and `unparse` functions to work. This means it's possible to leverage the current markdown implementation and extend it with custom functionality.
Copy the following code into your own:
```python
from telethon.extensions import markdown
from telethon import types
class CustomMarkdown:
@staticmethod
def parse(text):
text, entities = markdown.parse(text)
for i, e in enumerate(entities):
if isinstance(e, types.MessageEntityTextUrl):
if e.url == 'spoiler':
entities[i] = types.MessageEntitySpoiler(e.offset, e.length)
elif e.url.startswith('emoji/'):
entities[i] = types.MessageEntityCustomEmoji(e.offset, e.length, int(e.url.split('/')[1]))
return text, entities
@staticmethod
def unparse(text, entities):
return markdown.unparse(text, entities)
```
This creates a custom class with `parse` and `unparse`. `CustomMarkdown.parse` uses `markdown.parse` (so it works just like the default markdown), but before returning, it scans the parsed text for the following inline URLs:
```python
message = 'this is a [link text](spoiler) and [❤️](emoji/10002345) too'
```
Here, the message contains a `link text` with URL `spoiler`. The above code will replace the URL with [`MessageEntitySpoiler`](https://tl.telethon.dev/constructors/message_entity_spoiler.html). It also contains a URL with `emoji/10002345`, which will be replaced with [`MessageEntityCustomEmoji`](https://tl.telethon.dev/constructors/message_entity_custom_emoji.html). Effectively sending those instead of the URL.
To use the class, you must change your `client.parse_mode` to it (be sure to use an instance, because the type is callable and the library would attempt to create an instance to parse it):
```python
client.parse_mode = CustomMarkdown()
```
Now, in your message text, you can use inline links which become spoilers and custom emoji! (Note that for custom emoji to work, the inline link text **must** be a normal emoji):
```python
client.send_message('me', 'hello this is a [hidden text](spoiler), with custom emoji [❤️](emoji/10002345) !')
```
You may have noticed the emoji URL is followed by a number. This number is a `document_id`. To find it, the easiest way is to send a message to your own chat with the premium emoji you want to use using an official client, and then use Telethon to print the `message.entities`. It will contain the `document_id` you need to use.