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152 lines
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ReStructuredText
152 lines
6.0 KiB
ReStructuredText
daphne
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======
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.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/daphne.svg
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:target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/daphne
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Daphne is a HTTP, HTTP2 and WebSocket protocol server for
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`ASGI <https://github.com/django/asgiref/blob/main/specs/asgi.rst>`_ and
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`ASGI-HTTP <https://github.com/django/asgiref/blob/main/specs/www.rst>`_,
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developed to power Django Channels.
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It supports automatic negotiation of protocols; there's no need for URL
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prefixing to determine WebSocket endpoints versus HTTP endpoints.
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Running
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-------
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Simply point Daphne to your ASGI application, and optionally
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set a bind address and port (defaults to localhost, port 8000)::
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daphne -b 0.0.0.0 -p 8001 django_project.asgi:application
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If you intend to run daphne behind a proxy server you can use UNIX
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sockets to communicate between the two::
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daphne -u /tmp/daphne.sock django_project.asgi:application
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If daphne is being run inside a process manager, you might
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want it to bind to a file descriptor passed down from a parent process.
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To achieve this you can use the --fd flag::
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daphne --fd 5 django_project.asgi:application
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If you want more control over the port/socket bindings you can fall back to
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using `twisted's endpoint description strings
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<http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/api/twisted.internet.endpoints.html#serverFromString>`_
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by using the `--endpoint (-e)` flag, which can be used multiple times.
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This line would start a SSL server on port 443, assuming that `key.pem` and `crt.pem`
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exist in the current directory (requires pyopenssl to be installed)::
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daphne -e ssl:443:privateKey=key.pem:certKey=crt.pem django_project.asgi:application
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Endpoints even let you use the ``txacme`` endpoint syntax to get automatic certificates
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from Let's Encrypt, which you can read more about at http://txacme.readthedocs.io/en/stable/.
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To see all available command line options run daphne with the ``-h`` flag.
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HTTP/2 Support
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--------------
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Daphne supports terminating HTTP/2 connections natively. You'll
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need to do a couple of things to get it working, though. First, you need to
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make sure you install the Twisted ``http2`` and ``tls`` extras::
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pip install -U "Twisted[tls,http2]"
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Next, because all current browsers only support HTTP/2 when using TLS, you will
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need to start Daphne with TLS turned on, which can be done using the Twisted endpoint syntax::
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daphne -e ssl:443:privateKey=key.pem:certKey=crt.pem django_project.asgi:application
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Alternatively, you can use the ``txacme`` endpoint syntax or anything else that
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enables TLS under the hood.
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You will also need to be on a system that has **OpenSSL 1.0.2 or greater**; if you are
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using Ubuntu, this means you need at least Ubuntu 16.04.
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Now, when you start up Daphne, it should tell you this in the log::
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2017-03-18 19:14:02,741 INFO Starting server at ssl:port=8000:privateKey=privkey.pem:certKey=cert.pem, channel layer django_project.asgi:channel_layer.
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2017-03-18 19:14:02,742 INFO HTTP/2 support enabled
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Then, connect with a browser that supports HTTP/2, and everything should be
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working. It's often hard to tell that HTTP/2 is working, as the log Daphne gives you
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will be identical (it's HTTP, after all), and most browsers don't make it obvious
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in their network inspector windows. There are browser extensions that will let
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you know clearly if it's working or not.
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Daphne only supports "normal" requests over HTTP/2 at this time; there is not
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yet support for extended features like Server Push. It will, however, result in
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much faster connections and lower overheads.
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If you have a reverse proxy in front of your site to serve static files or
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similar, HTTP/2 will only work if that proxy understands and passes through the
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connection correctly.
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Root Path (SCRIPT_NAME)
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-----------------------
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In order to set the root path for Daphne, which is the equivalent of the
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WSGI ``SCRIPT_NAME`` setting, you have two options:
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* Pass a header value ``Daphne-Root-Path``, with the desired root path as a
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URLencoded ASCII value. This header will not be passed down to applications.
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* Set the ``--root-path`` commandline option with the desired root path as a
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URLencoded ASCII value.
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The header takes precedence if both are set. As with ``SCRIPT_ALIAS``, the value
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should start with a slash, but not end with one; for example::
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daphne --root-path=/forum django_project.asgi:application
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Permessage compression
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----------------------
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Daphne supports and by default accepts ``permessage-deflate`` compression
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(`permessage-deflate specification <http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-hybi-permessage-compression>`_).
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Additional ``permessage-bzip2``, ``permessage-snappy`` compressions will be also enabled by default if
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``bz2`` and `snappy <https://snappy.math.uic.edu/>`_ python packages are available in daphne environment.
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The compression implementation is provided by
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`Autobahn|Python <https://github.com/crossbario/autobahn-python>`_ package, see:
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`permessage-deflate <https://github.com/crossbario/autobahn-python/blob/master/autobahn/websocket/compress_deflate.py>`_,
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`permessage-bzip2 <https://github.com/crossbario/autobahn-python/blob/master/autobahn/websocket/compress_bzip2.py>`_,
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`permessage-snappy <https://github.com/crossbario/autobahn-python/blob/master/autobahn/websocket/compress_snappy.py>`_.
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Python Support
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--------------
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Daphne requires Python 3.7 or later.
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Contributing
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------------
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Please refer to the
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`main Channels contributing docs <https://github.com/django/channels/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.rst>`_.
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To run tests, make sure you have installed the ``tests`` extra with the package::
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cd daphne/
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pip install -e '.[tests]'
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pytest
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Maintenance and Security
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------------------------
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To report security issues, please contact security@djangoproject.com. For GPG
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signatures and more security process information, see
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https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/internals/security/.
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To report bugs or request new features, please open a new GitHub issue.
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This repository is part of the Channels project. For the shepherd and maintenance team, please see the
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`main Channels readme <https://github.com/django/channels/blob/main/README.rst>`_.
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