daphne/channels/binding/websockets.py

import json

from django.core import serializers
from django.core.serializers.json import DjangoJSONEncoder

from ..generic.websockets import WebsocketDemultiplexer
from ..sessions import enforce_ordering
from .base import Binding


class WebsocketBinding(Binding):
    """
    Websocket-specific outgoing binding subclass that uses JSON encoding
    and the built-in JSON/WebSocket multiplexer.

    To implement outbound, implement:
     - group_names, which returns a list of group names to send to

    To implement inbound, implement:
     - has_permission, which says if the user can do the action on an instance

    Optionally also implement:
     - serialize_data, which returns JSON-safe data from a model instance
     - create, which takes incoming data and makes a model instance
     - update, which takes incoming data and a model instance and applies one to the other
    """

    # Mark as abstract

    model = None

    # Stream multiplexing name

    stream = None

    # Decorators
    strict_ordering = False
    slight_ordering = False

    # Outbound
    @classmethod
    def encode(cls, stream, payload):
        return WebsocketDemultiplexer.encode(stream, payload)

    def serialize(self, instance, action):
        payload = {
            "action": action,
            "pk": instance.pk,
            "data": self.serialize_data(instance),
            "model": self.model_label,
        }
        return payload

    def serialize_data(self, instance):
        """
        Serializes model data into JSON-compatible types.
        """
        if self.fields is not None:
            if self.fields == '__all__' or list(self.fields) == ['__all__']:
                fields = None
            else:
                fields = self.fields
        else:
            fields = [f.name for f in instance._meta.get_fields() if f.name not in self.exclude]
        data = serializers.serialize('json', [instance], fields=fields)
        return json.loads(data)[0]['fields']

    # Inbound
    @classmethod
    def get_handler(cls):
        """
        Adds decorators to trigger_inbound.
        """
        # Get super-handler
        handler = super(WebsocketBinding, cls).get_handler()
        # Ordering decorators
        if cls.strict_ordering:
            return enforce_ordering(handler, slight=False)
        elif cls.slight_ordering:
            return enforce_ordering(handler, slight=True)
        else:
            return handler

    def deserialize(self, message):
        """
        You must hook this up behind a Deserializer, so we expect the JSON
        already dealt with.
        """
        action = message['action']
        pk = message.get('pk', None)
        data = message.get('data', None)
        return action, pk, data

    def _hydrate(self, pk, data):
        """
        Given a raw "data" section of an incoming message, returns a
        DeserializedObject.
        """
        s_data = [
            {
                "pk": pk,
                "model": self.model_label,
                "fields": data,
            }
        ]
        # TODO: Avoid the JSON roundtrip by using encoder directly?
        return list(serializers.deserialize("json", json.dumps(s_data)))[0]

    def create(self, data):
        self._hydrate(None, data).save()

    def update(self, pk, data):
        instance = self.model.objects.get(pk=pk)
        hydrated = self._hydrate(pk, data)

        if self.fields is not None:
            for name in data.keys():
                if name in self.fields or self.fields == ['__all__']:
                    setattr(instance, name, getattr(hydrated.object, name))
        else:
            for name in data.keys():
                if name not in self.exclude:
                    setattr(instance, name, getattr(hydrated.object, name))
        instance.save()


class WebsocketBindingWithMembers(WebsocketBinding):
    """
    Outgoing binding binding subclass based on WebsocketBinding.
    Additionally enables sending of member variables, properties and methods.
    Member methods can only have self as a required argument.
    Just add the name of the member to the send_members-list.
    Example:

    class MyModel(models.Model):
        my_field = models.IntegerField(default=0)
        my_var = 3

        @property
        def my_property(self):
            return self.my_var + self.my_field

        def my_function(self):
            return self.my_var - self.my_vield

    class MyBinding(BindingWithMembersMixin, WebsocketBinding):
        model = MyModel
        stream = 'mystream'

        send_members = ['my_var', 'my_property', 'my_function']
    """

    model = None
    send_members = []

    encoder = DjangoJSONEncoder()

    def serialize_data(self, instance):
        data = super(WebsocketBindingWithMembers, self).serialize_data(instance)
        member_data = {}
        for m in self.send_members:
            member = instance
            for s in m.split('.'):
                member = getattr(member, s)
            if callable(member):
                member_data[m.replace('.', '__')] = member()
            else:
                member_data[m.replace('.', '__')] = member
        member_data = json.loads(self.encoder.encode(member_data))
        # the update never overwrites any value from data,
        # because an object can't have two attributes with the same name
        data.update(member_data)
        return data