2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
<!DOCTYPE html>
< html lang = "en" >
< head >
< meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset=UTF-8" >
< meta charset = "utf-8" >
2015-05-15 11:19:49 +03:00
< title > Views - Django REST framework< / title >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< link href = "../../img/favicon.ico" rel = "icon" type = "image/x-icon" >
< link rel = "canonical" href = "http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/views/" / >
< meta name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" >
< meta name = "description" content = "Django, API, REST, Views" >
< meta name = "author" content = "Tom Christie" >
<!-- Le styles -->
< link href = "../../css/prettify.css" rel = "stylesheet" >
< link href = "../../css/bootstrap.css" rel = "stylesheet" >
< link href = "../../css/bootstrap-responsive.css" rel = "stylesheet" >
< link href = "../../css/default.css" rel = "stylesheet" >
<!-- Le HTML5 shim, for IE6 - 8 support of HTML5 elements -->
<!-- [if lt IE 9]>
< script src = "http://html5shim.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js" > < / script >
<![endif]-->
< script type = "text/javascript" >
var _gaq = _gaq || [];
_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-18852272-2']);
_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
(function() {
var ga = document.createElement('script');
ga.type = 'text/javascript';
ga.async = true;
ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
})();
< / script >
< style >
2016-05-26 13:48:39 +03:00
#sidebarInclude img {
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
#sidebarInclude a.promo {
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
color: black;
2016-05-26 13:48:39 +03:00
}
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
@media (max-width: 767px) {
div.promo {
display: none;
}
}
< / style >
< / head >
< body onload = "prettyPrint()" class = "-page" >
< div class = "wrapper" >
< div class = "navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top" >
< div class = "navbar-inner" >
< div class = "container-fluid" >
2017-05-12 19:15:00 +03:00
< a class = "repo-link btn btn-primary btn-small" href = "https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework/tree/master" > GitHub< / a >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a class = "repo-link btn btn-inverse btn-small " rel = "prev" href = "../generic-views/" >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
Next < i class = "icon-arrow-right icon-white" > < / i >
< / a >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a class = "repo-link btn btn-inverse btn-small " rel = "next" href = "../responses/" >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< i class = "icon-arrow-left icon-white" > < / i > Previous
< / a >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a id = "search_modal_show" class = "repo-link btn btn-inverse btn-small" href = "#mkdocs_search_modal" data-toggle = "modal" data-target = "#mkdocs_search_modal" > < i class = "icon-search icon-white" > < / i > Search< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< a class = "btn btn-navbar" data-toggle = "collapse" data-target = ".nav-collapse" >
< span class = "icon-bar" > < / span >
< span class = "icon-bar" > < / span >
< span class = "icon-bar" > < / span >
< / a >
< a class = "brand" href = "http://www.django-rest-framework.org" > Django REST framework< / a >
< div class = "nav-collapse collapse" >
<!-- Main navigation -->
< ul class = "nav navbar-nav" >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "../.." > Home< / a >
< / li >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< li class = "dropdown" >
2014-11-25 19:31:00 +03:00
< a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown" > Tutorial < b class = "caret" > < / b > < / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< ul class = "dropdown-menu" >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../tutorial/quickstart/" > Quickstart< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../tutorial/1-serialization/" > 1 - Serialization< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../tutorial/2-requests-and-responses/" > 2 - Requests and responses< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../tutorial/3-class-based-views/" > 3 - Class based views< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../tutorial/4-authentication-and-permissions/" > 4 - Authentication and permissions< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../tutorial/5-relationships-and-hyperlinked-apis/" > 5 - Relationships and hyperlinked APIs< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../tutorial/6-viewsets-and-routers/" > 6 - Viewsets and routers< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
2016-07-14 15:05:57 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "../../tutorial/7-schemas-and-client-libraries/" > 7 - Schemas and client libraries< / a >
< / li >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "dropdown active" >
< a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown" > API Guide < b class = "caret" > < / b > < / a >
< ul class = "dropdown-menu" >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../requests/" > Requests< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../responses/" > Responses< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li class = "active" >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "./" > Views< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../generic-views/" > Generic views< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../viewsets/" > Viewsets< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../routers/" > Routers< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../parsers/" > Parsers< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../renderers/" > Renderers< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../serializers/" > Serializers< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../fields/" > Serializer fields< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../relations/" > Serializer relations< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
2014-12-01 15:20:07 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../validators/" > Validators< / a >
2014-12-01 15:20:07 +03:00
< / li >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../authentication/" > Authentication< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../permissions/" > Permissions< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../throttling/" > Throttling< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../filtering/" > Filtering< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../pagination/" > Pagination< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
2015-03-06 15:05:16 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../versioning/" > Versioning< / a >
2015-03-06 15:05:16 +03:00
< / li >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../content-negotiation/" > Content negotiation< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
2014-12-18 18:42:42 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../metadata/" > Metadata< / a >
2014-12-18 18:42:42 +03:00
< / li >
2016-07-07 11:41:32 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "../schemas/" > Schemas< / a >
< / li >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../format-suffixes/" > Format suffixes< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../reverse/" > Returning URLs< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../exceptions/" > Exceptions< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../status-codes/" > Status codes< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../testing/" > Testing< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../settings/" > Settings< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "dropdown" >
< a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown" > Topics < b class = "caret" > < / b > < / a >
< ul class = "dropdown-menu" >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../topics/documenting-your-api/" > Documenting your API< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
2016-07-07 11:41:32 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "../../topics/api-clients/" > API Clients< / a >
< / li >
2015-03-06 15:05:16 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../topics/internationalization/" > Internationalization< / a >
2015-03-06 15:05:16 +03:00
< / li >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../topics/ajax-csrf-cors/" > AJAX, CSRF & CORS< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
2015-10-28 14:35:39 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "../../topics/html-and-forms/" > HTML & Forms< / a >
< / li >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../topics/browser-enhancements/" > Browser Enhancements< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../topics/browsable-api/" > The Browsable API< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../topics/rest-hypermedia-hateoas/" > REST, Hypermedia & HATEOAS< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2017-02-25 22:59:44 +03:00
< a href = "../../topics/third-party-packages/" > Third Party Packages< / a >
< / li >
< li >
< a href = "../../topics/tutorials-and-resources/" > Tutorials and Resources< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../topics/contributing/" > Contributing to REST framework< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
2014-12-18 16:49:50 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../topics/project-management/" > Project management< / a >
2014-12-18 16:49:50 +03:00
< / li >
2017-03-09 17:59:14 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "../../topics/jobs/" > Jobs< / a >
< / li >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../topics/3.0-announcement/" > 3.0 Announcement< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
2014-12-01 15:20:07 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../topics/3.1-announcement/" > 3.1 Announcement< / a >
2014-12-01 15:20:07 +03:00
< / li >
2015-08-06 16:31:52 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "../../topics/3.2-announcement/" > 3.2 Announcement< / a >
< / li >
2015-10-28 14:35:39 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "../../topics/3.3-announcement/" > 3.3 Announcement< / a >
< / li >
2016-07-14 15:05:57 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "../../topics/3.4-announcement/" > 3.4 Announcement< / a >
< / li >
2016-10-20 18:31:37 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "../../topics/3.5-announcement/" > 3.5 Announcement< / a >
< / li >
2017-03-09 17:59:14 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "../../topics/3.6-announcement/" > 3.6 Announcement< / a >
< / li >
2017-10-06 15:06:25 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "../../topics/3.7-announcement/" > 3.7 Announcement< / a >
< / li >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../topics/kickstarter-announcement/" > Kickstarter Announcement< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
2016-05-26 13:48:39 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "../../topics/mozilla-grant/" > Mozilla Grant< / a >
< / li >
< li >
< a href = "../../topics/funding/" > Funding< / a >
< / li >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< li >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< a href = "../../topics/release-notes/" > Release Notes< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / div >
<!-- /.nav - collapse -->
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "body-content" >
< div class = "container-fluid" >
<!-- Search Modal -->
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< div id = "mkdocs_search_modal" class = "modal hide fade" tabindex = "-1" role = "dialog" aria-labelledby = "myModalLabel" aria-hidden = "true" >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< div class = "modal-header" >
< button type = "button" class = "close" data-dismiss = "modal" aria-hidden = "true" > × < / button >
< h3 id = "myModalLabel" > Documentation search< / h3 >
< / div >
< div class = "modal-body" >
2015-08-06 16:31:52 +03:00
< form role = "form" autocomplete = "off" >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< div class = "form-group" >
< input type = "text" name = "q" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Search..." id = "mkdocs-search-query" >
< / div >
< / form >
< div id = "mkdocs-search-results" > < / div >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / div >
< div class = "modal-footer" >
< button class = "btn" data-dismiss = "modal" aria-hidden = "true" > Close< / button >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "row-fluid" >
< div class = "span3" >
< div id = "table-of-contents" >
< ul class = "nav nav-list side-nav well sidebar-nav-fixed" >
< li class = "main" >
2016-07-14 15:05:57 +03:00
< a href = "#class-based-views" > Class-based Views< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / li >
< li >
< a href = "#api-policy-attributes" > API policy attributes< / a >
< / li >
< li >
< a href = "#api-policy-instantiation-methods" > API policy instantiation methods< / a >
< / li >
< li >
< a href = "#api-policy-implementation-methods" > API policy implementation methods< / a >
< / li >
< li >
< a href = "#dispatch-methods" > Dispatch methods< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "main" >
< a href = "#function-based-views" > Function Based Views< / a >
< / li >
< li >
< a href = "#api_view" > @api_view()< / a >
< / li >
< li >
< a href = "#api-policy-decorators" > API policy decorators< / a >
< / li >
2017-10-06 15:06:25 +03:00
< li >
< a href = "#view-schema-decorator" > View schema decorator< / a >
< / li >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
2016-05-26 13:48:39 +03:00
< div class = "promo" >
< hr / >
< div id = "sidebarInclude" >
< / div >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / ul >
< / div >
< / div >
< div id = "main-content" class = "span9" >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
2017-05-12 19:15:00 +03:00
< a class = "github" href = "https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework/tree/master/rest_framework/decorators.py" >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< span class = "label label-info" > decorators.py< / span >
< / a >
2017-05-12 19:15:00 +03:00
< a class = "github" href = "https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework/tree/master/rest_framework/views.py" >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< span class = "label label-info" > views.py< / span >
< / a >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
2016-07-14 15:05:57 +03:00
< h1 id = "class-based-views" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#class-based-views" > Class-based Views< / a > < / h1 >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< blockquote >
2016-07-14 15:05:57 +03:00
< p > Django's class-based views are a welcome departure from the old-style views.< / p >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< p > — < a href = "http://reinout.vanrees.org/weblog/2011/08/24/class-based-views-usage.html" > Reinout van Rees< / a > < / p >
< / blockquote >
< p > REST framework provides an < code > APIView< / code > class, which subclasses Django's < code > View< / code > class.< / p >
< p > < code > APIView< / code > classes are different from regular < code > View< / code > classes in the following ways:< / p >
< ul >
< li > Requests passed to the handler methods will be REST framework's < code > Request< / code > instances, not Django's < code > HttpRequest< / code > instances.< / li >
< li > Handler methods may return REST framework's < code > Response< / code > , instead of Django's < code > HttpResponse< / code > . The view will manage content negotiation and setting the correct renderer on the response.< / li >
< li > Any < code > APIException< / code > exceptions will be caught and mediated into appropriate responses.< / li >
< li > Incoming requests will be authenticated and appropriate permission and/or throttle checks will be run before dispatching the request to the handler method.< / li >
< / ul >
< p > Using the < code > APIView< / code > class is pretty much the same as using a regular < code > View< / code > class, as usual, the incoming request is dispatched to an appropriate handler method such as < code > .get()< / code > or < code > .post()< / code > . Additionally, a number of attributes may be set on the class that control various aspects of the API policy.< / p >
< p > For example:< / p >
< pre > < code > from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import authentication, permissions
2017-08-22 16:31:16 +03:00
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
class ListUsers(APIView):
"""
View to list all users in the system.
* Requires token authentication.
* Only admin users are able to access this view.
"""
authentication_classes = (authentication.TokenAuthentication,)
permission_classes = (permissions.IsAdminUser,)
def get(self, request, format=None):
"""
Return a list of all users.
"""
usernames = [user.username for user in User.objects.all()]
return Response(usernames)
< / code > < / pre >
2017-12-20 17:34:31 +03:00
< hr / >
< p > < strong > Note< / strong > : The full methods, attributes on, and relations between Django REST Framework's < code > APIView< / code > , < code > GenericAPIView< / code > , various < code > Mixins< / code > , and < code > Viewsets< / code > can be initially complex. In addition to the documentation here, the < a href = "http://www.cdrf.co" > Classy Django REST Framework< / a > resource provides a browsable reference, with full methods and attributes, for each of Django REST Framework's class-based views.< / p >
< hr / >
2015-11-04 17:59:23 +03:00
< h2 id = "api-policy-attributes" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#api-policy-attributes" > API policy attributes< / a > < / h2 >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< p > The following attributes control the pluggable aspects of API views.< / p >
2015-11-04 17:59:23 +03:00
< h3 id = "renderer_classes" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#renderer_classes" > .renderer_classes< / a > < / h3 >
< h3 id = "parser_classes" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#parser_classes" > .parser_classes< / a > < / h3 >
< h3 id = "authentication_classes" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#authentication_classes" > .authentication_classes< / a > < / h3 >
< h3 id = "throttle_classes" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#throttle_classes" > .throttle_classes< / a > < / h3 >
< h3 id = "permission_classes" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#permission_classes" > .permission_classes< / a > < / h3 >
< h3 id = "content_negotiation_class" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#content_negotiation_class" > .content_negotiation_class< / a > < / h3 >
< h2 id = "api-policy-instantiation-methods" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#api-policy-instantiation-methods" > API policy instantiation methods< / a > < / h2 >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< p > The following methods are used by REST framework to instantiate the various pluggable API policies. You won't typically need to override these methods.< / p >
2015-11-04 17:59:23 +03:00
< h3 id = "get_renderersself" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_renderersself" > .get_renderers(self)< / a > < / h3 >
< h3 id = "get_parsersself" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_parsersself" > .get_parsers(self)< / a > < / h3 >
< h3 id = "get_authenticatorsself" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_authenticatorsself" > .get_authenticators(self)< / a > < / h3 >
< h3 id = "get_throttlesself" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_throttlesself" > .get_throttles(self)< / a > < / h3 >
< h3 id = "get_permissionsself" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_permissionsself" > .get_permissions(self)< / a > < / h3 >
< h3 id = "get_content_negotiatorself" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_content_negotiatorself" > .get_content_negotiator(self)< / a > < / h3 >
2017-01-06 12:08:44 +03:00
< h3 id = "get_exception_handlerself" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_exception_handlerself" > .get_exception_handler(self)< / a > < / h3 >
2015-11-04 17:59:23 +03:00
< h2 id = "api-policy-implementation-methods" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#api-policy-implementation-methods" > API policy implementation methods< / a > < / h2 >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< p > The following methods are called before dispatching to the handler method.< / p >
2015-11-04 17:59:23 +03:00
< h3 id = "check_permissionsself-request" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#check_permissionsself-request" > .check_permissions(self, request)< / a > < / h3 >
< h3 id = "check_throttlesself-request" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#check_throttlesself-request" > .check_throttles(self, request)< / a > < / h3 >
< h3 id = "perform_content_negotiationself-request-forcefalse" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#perform_content_negotiationself-request-forcefalse" > .perform_content_negotiation(self, request, force=False)< / a > < / h3 >
< h2 id = "dispatch-methods" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#dispatch-methods" > Dispatch methods< / a > < / h2 >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< p > The following methods are called directly by the view's < code > .dispatch()< / code > method.
These perform any actions that need to occur before or after calling the handler methods such as < code > .get()< / code > , < code > .post()< / code > , < code > put()< / code > , < code > patch()< / code > and < code > .delete()< / code > .< / p >
2015-11-04 17:59:23 +03:00
< h3 id = "initialself-request-42args-kwargs" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#initialself-request-42args-kwargs" > .initial(self, request, *args, **kwargs)< / a > < / h3 >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< p > Performs any actions that need to occur before the handler method gets called.
This method is used to enforce permissions and throttling, and perform content negotiation.< / p >
< p > You won't typically need to override this method.< / p >
2015-11-04 17:59:23 +03:00
< h3 id = "handle_exceptionself-exc" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#handle_exceptionself-exc" > .handle_exception(self, exc)< / a > < / h3 >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< p > Any exception thrown by the handler method will be passed to this method, which either returns a < code > Response< / code > instance, or re-raises the exception.< / p >
< p > The default implementation handles any subclass of < code > rest_framework.exceptions.APIException< / code > , as well as Django's < code > Http404< / code > and < code > PermissionDenied< / code > exceptions, and returns an appropriate error response.< / p >
< p > If you need to customize the error responses your API returns you should subclass this method.< / p >
2015-11-04 17:59:23 +03:00
< h3 id = "initialize_requestself-request-42args-kwargs" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#initialize_requestself-request-42args-kwargs" > .initialize_request(self, request, *args, **kwargs)< / a > < / h3 >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< p > Ensures that the request object that is passed to the handler method is an instance of < code > Request< / code > , rather than the usual Django < code > HttpRequest< / code > .< / p >
< p > You won't typically need to override this method.< / p >
2015-11-04 17:59:23 +03:00
< h3 id = "finalize_responseself-request-response-42args-kwargs" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#finalize_responseself-request-response-42args-kwargs" > .finalize_response(self, request, response, *args, **kwargs)< / a > < / h3 >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< p > Ensures that any < code > Response< / code > object returned from the handler method will be rendered into the correct content type, as determined by the content negotiation.< / p >
< p > You won't typically need to override this method.< / p >
< hr / >
2015-11-04 17:59:23 +03:00
< h1 id = "function-based-views" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#function-based-views" > Function Based Views< / a > < / h1 >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< blockquote >
2016-07-14 15:05:57 +03:00
< p > Saying [that class-based views] is always the superior solution is a mistake.< / p >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< p > — < a href = "http://www.boredomandlaziness.org/2012/05/djangos-cbvs-are-not-mistake-but.html" > Nick Coghlan< / a > < / p >
< / blockquote >
< p > REST framework also allows you to work with regular function based views. It provides a set of simple decorators that wrap your function based views to ensure they receive an instance of < code > Request< / code > (rather than the usual Django < code > HttpRequest< / code > ) and allows them to return a < code > Response< / code > (instead of a Django < code > HttpResponse< / code > ), and allow you to configure how the request is processed.< / p >
2015-11-04 17:59:23 +03:00
< h2 id = "api_view" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#api_view" > @api_view()< / a > < / h2 >
2017-10-06 15:06:25 +03:00
< p > < strong > Signature:< / strong > < code > @api_view(http_method_names=['GET'])< / code > < / p >
2014-12-01 15:20:07 +03:00
< p > The core of this functionality is the < code > api_view< / code > decorator, which takes a list of HTTP methods that your view should respond to. For example, this is how you would write a very simple view that just manually returns some data:< / p >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< pre > < code > from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
2014-12-01 15:20:07 +03:00
@api_view()
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
def hello_world(request):
return Response({"message": "Hello, world!"})
< / code > < / pre >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< p > This view will use the default renderers, parsers, authentication classes etc specified in the < a href = "../settings/" > settings< / a > .< / p >
2016-10-14 16:33:49 +03:00
< p > By default only < code > GET< / code > methods will be accepted. Other methods will respond with "405 Method Not Allowed". To alter this behaviour, specify which methods the view allows, like so:< / p >
2014-12-01 15:20:07 +03:00
< pre > < code > @api_view(['GET', 'POST'])
def hello_world(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
return Response({"message": "Got some data!", "data": request.data})
return Response({"message": "Hello, world!"})
< / code > < / pre >
2015-11-04 17:59:23 +03:00
< h2 id = "api-policy-decorators" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#api-policy-decorators" > API policy decorators< / a > < / h2 >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< p > To override the default settings, REST framework provides a set of additional decorators which can be added to your views. These must come < em > after< / em > (below) the < code > @api_view< / code > decorator. For example, to create a view that uses a < a href = "../throttling/" > throttle< / a > to ensure it can only be called once per day by a particular user, use the < code > @throttle_classes< / code > decorator, passing a list of throttle classes:< / p >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< pre > < code > from rest_framework.decorators import api_view, throttle_classes
from rest_framework.throttling import UserRateThrottle
class OncePerDayUserThrottle(UserRateThrottle):
rate = '1/day'
@api_view(['GET'])
@throttle_classes([OncePerDayUserThrottle])
def view(request):
return Response({"message": "Hello for today! See you tomorrow!"})
< / code > < / pre >
< p > These decorators correspond to the attributes set on < code > APIView< / code > subclasses, described above.< / p >
< p > The available decorators are:< / p >
< ul >
< li > < code > @renderer_classes(...)< / code > < / li >
< li > < code > @parser_classes(...)< / code > < / li >
< li > < code > @authentication_classes(...)< / code > < / li >
< li > < code > @throttle_classes(...)< / code > < / li >
< li > < code > @permission_classes(...)< / code > < / li >
< / ul >
< p > Each of these decorators takes a single argument which must be a list or tuple of classes.< / p >
2017-10-06 15:06:25 +03:00
< h2 id = "view-schema-decorator" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#view-schema-decorator" > View schema decorator< / a > < / h2 >
< p > To override the default schema generation for function based views you may use
the < code > @schema< / code > decorator. This must come < em > after< / em > (below) the < code > @api_view< / code >
decorator. For example:< / p >
< pre > < code > from rest_framework.decorators import api_view, schema
from rest_framework.schemas import AutoSchema
class CustomAutoSchema(AutoSchema):
def get_link(self, path, method, base_url):
# override view introspection here...
@api_view(['GET'])
@schema(CustomAutoSchema())
def view(request):
return Response({"message": "Hello for today! See you tomorrow!"})
< / code > < / pre >
< p > This decorator takes a single < code > AutoSchema< / code > instance, an < code > AutoSchema< / code > subclass
instance or < code > ManualSchema< / code > instance as described in the < a href = "../schemas/" > Schemas documentation< / a > .
You may pass < code > None< / code > in order to exclude the view from schema generation.< / p >
< pre > < code > @api_view(['GET'])
@schema(None)
def view(request):
return Response({"message": "Will not appear in schema!"})
< / code > < / pre >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
2015-06-23 14:05:53 +03:00
< / div > <!-- /span -->
< / div > <!-- /row -->
< / div > <!-- /.fluid - container -->
< / div > <!-- /.body content -->
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< div id = "push" > < / div >
2015-06-23 14:05:53 +03:00
< / div > <!-- /.wrapper -->
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< footer class = "span12" >
2015-10-28 14:35:39 +03:00
< p > Documentation built with < a href = "http://www.mkdocs.org/" > MkDocs< / a > .
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< / p >
< / footer >
<!-- Le javascript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
< script src = "../../js/jquery-1.8.1-min.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../../js/prettify-1.0.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../../js/bootstrap-2.1.1-min.js" > < / script >
2016-05-26 13:48:39 +03:00
< script src = "https://fund.django-rest-framework.org/sidebar_include.js" > < / script >
2015-06-04 17:37:22 +03:00
< script > var base _url = '../..' ; < / script >
< script src = "../../mkdocs/js/require.js" > < / script >
2014-12-11 12:55:10 +03:00
< script src = "../../js/theme.js" > < / script >
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
< script >
var shiftWindow = function() {
scrollBy(0, -50)
};
2015-06-23 14:05:53 +03:00
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
if (location.hash) shiftWindow();
window.addEventListener("hashchange", shiftWindow);
$('.dropdown-menu').on('click touchstart', function(event) {
event.stopPropagation();
});
2015-06-23 14:05:53 +03:00
// Dynamically force sidenav/dropdown to no higher than browser window
$('.side-nav, .dropdown-menu').css('max-height', window.innerHeight - 130);
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
$(function() {
$(window).resize(function() {
2015-06-23 14:05:53 +03:00
$('.side-nav, .dropdown-menu').css('max-height', window.innerHeight - 130);
2014-11-25 19:04:38 +03:00
});
});
< / script >
< / body >
< / html >
