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< title > Format suffixes - Django REST framework< / title >
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< li class = "main" > < a href = "#format-suffixes" > Format suffixes< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#format_suffix_patterns" > format_suffix_patterns< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#accept-headers-vs-format-suffixes" > Accept headers vs. format suffixes< / a > < / li >
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< p > < a class = "github" href = "https://github.com/tomchristie/django-rest-framework/tree/master/rest_framework/urlpatterns.py" > < span class = "label label-info" > urlpatterns.py< / span > < / a > < / p >
< h1 id = "format-suffixes" > Format suffixes< / h1 >
< blockquote >
< p > Section 6.2.1 does not say that content negotiation should be
used all the time.< / p >
< p > — Roy Fielding, < a href = "http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/rest-discuss/message/5857" > REST discuss mailing list< / a > < / p >
< / blockquote >
< p > A common pattern for Web APIs is to use filename extensions on URLs to provide an endpoint for a given media type. For example, 'http://example.com/api/users.json' to serve a JSON representation. < / p >
< p > Adding format-suffix patterns to each individual entry in the URLconf for your API is error-prone and non-DRY, so REST framework provides a shortcut to adding these patterns to your URLConf.< / p >
< h2 id = "format_suffix_patterns" > format_suffix_patterns< / h2 >
< p > < strong > Signature< / strong > : format_suffix_patterns(urlpatterns, suffix_required=False, allowed=None)< / p >
< p > Returns a URL pattern list which includes format suffix patterns appended to each of the URL patterns provided.< / p >
< p > Arguments:< / p >
< ul >
< li > < strong > urlpatterns< / strong > : Required. A URL pattern list.< / li >
< li > < strong > suffix_required< / strong > : Optional. A boolean indicating if suffixes in the URLs should be optional or mandatory. Defaults to < code > False< / code > , meaning that suffixes are optional by default.< / li >
< li > < strong > allowed< / strong > : Optional. A list or tuple of valid format suffixes. If not provided, a wildcard format suffix pattern will be used. < / li >
< / ul >
< p > Example:< / p >
< pre class = "prettyprint lang-py" > < code > from rest_framework.urlpatterns import format_suffix_patterns
urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views',
url(r'^/$', 'api_root'),
url(r'^comments/$', 'comment_list'),
url(r'^comments/(?P< pk> [0-9]+)/$', 'comment_detail')
)
urlpatterns = format_suffix_patterns(urlpatterns, allowed=['json', 'html'])
< / code > < / pre >
< p > When using < code > format_suffix_patterns< / code > , you must make sure to add the < code > 'format'< / code > keyword argument to the corresponding views. For example:< / p >
< pre class = "prettyprint lang-py" > < code > @api_view(('GET', 'POST'))
def comment_list(request, format=None):
# do stuff...
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Or with class based views:< / p >
< pre class = "prettyprint lang-py" > < code > class CommentList(APIView):
def get(self, request, format=None):
# do stuff...
def post(self, request, format=None):
# do stuff...
< / code > < / pre >
< p > The name of the kwarg used may be modified by using the < code > FORMAT_SUFFIX_KWARG< / code > setting.< / p >
< p > Also note that < code > format_suffix_patterns< / code > does not support descending into < code > include< / code > URL patterns.< / p >
< hr / >
< h2 id = "accept-headers-vs-format-suffixes" > Accept headers vs. format suffixes< / h2 >
< p > There seems to be a view among some of the Web community that filename extensions are not a RESTful pattern, and that < code > HTTP Accept< / code > headers should always be used instead.< / p >
< p > It is actually a misconception. For example, take the following quote from Roy Fielding discussing the relative merits of query parameter media-type indicators vs. file extension media-type indicators: < / p >
< p > “ That's why I always prefer extensions. Neither choice has anything to do with REST.” — Roy Fielding, < a href = "http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/rest-discuss/message/14844" > REST discuss mailing list< / a > < / p >
< p > The quote does not mention Accept headers, but it does make it clear that format suffixes should be considered an acceptable pattern.< / p >
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