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< h1 id = "internationalization" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#internationalization" > Internationalization< / a > < / h1 >
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< blockquote >
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< p > Supporting internationalization is not optional. It must be a core feature.< / p >
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< p > — < a href = "https://youtu.be/Wa0VfS2q94Y" > Jannis Leidel, speaking at Django Under the Hood, 2015< / a > .< / p >
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< / blockquote >
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< p > REST framework ships with translatable error messages. You can make these appear in your language enabling < a href = "https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/i18n/translation" > Django's standard translation mechanisms< / a > .< / p >
< p > Doing so will allow you to:< / p >
< ul >
< li > Select a language other than English as the default, using the standard < code > LANGUAGE_CODE< / code > Django setting.< / li >
< li > Allow clients to choose a language themselves, using the < code > LocaleMiddleware< / code > included with Django. A typical usage for API clients would be to include an < code > Accept-Language< / code > request header.< / li >
< / ul >
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< h2 id = "enabling-internationalized-apis" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#enabling-internationalized-apis" > Enabling internationalized APIs< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > You can change the default language by using the standard Django < code > LANGUAGE_CODE< / code > setting:< / p >
< pre > < code > LANGUAGE_CODE = "es-es"
< / code > < / pre >
< p > You can turn on per-request language requests by adding < code > LocalMiddleware< / code > to your < code > MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES< / code > setting:< / p >
< pre > < code > MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = [
...
'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware'
]
< / code > < / pre >
< p > When per-request internationalization is enabled, client requests will respect the < code > Accept-Language< / code > header where possible. For example, let's make a request for an unsupported media type:< / p >
< p > < strong > Request< / strong > < / p >
< pre > < code > GET /api/users HTTP/1.1
Accept: application/xml
Accept-Language: es-es
Host: example.org
< / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > Response< / strong > < / p >
< pre > < code > HTTP/1.0 406 NOT ACCEPTABLE
{"detail": "No se ha podido satisfacer la solicitud de cabecera de Accept."}
< / code > < / pre >
< p > REST framework includes these built-in translations both for standard exception cases, and for serializer validation errors.< / p >
< p > Note that the translations only apply to the error strings themselves. The format of error messages, and the keys of field names will remain the same. An example < code > 400 Bad Request< / code > response body might look like this:< / p >
< pre > < code > {"detail": {"username": ["Esse campo deve ser unico."]}}
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > If you want to use different string for parts of the response such as < code > detail< / code > and < code > non_field_errors< / code > then you can modify this behavior by using a < a href = "../../api-guide/exceptions/#custom-exception-handling" > custom exception handler< / a > .< / p >
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< h4 id = "specifying-the-set-of-supported-languages" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#specifying-the-set-of-supported-languages" > Specifying the set of supported languages.< / a > < / h4 >
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< p > By default all available languages will be supported.< / p >
< p > If you only wish to support a subset of the available languages, use Django's standard < code > LANGUAGES< / code > setting:< / p >
< pre > < code > LANGUAGES = [
('de', _('German')),
('en', _('English')),
]
< / code > < / pre >
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< h2 id = "adding-new-translations" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#adding-new-translations" > Adding new translations< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > REST framework translations are managed online using < a href = "https://www.transifex.com/projects/p/django-rest-framework/" > Transifex< / a > . You can use the Transifex service to add new translation languages. The maintenance team will then ensure that these translation strings are included in the REST framework package.< / p >
< p > Sometimes you may need to add translation strings to your project locally. You may need to do this if:< / p >
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< ul >
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< li > You want to use REST Framework in a language which has not been translated yet on Transifex.< / li >
< li > Your project includes custom error messages, which are not part of REST framework's default translation strings.< / li >
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< h4 id = "translating-a-new-language-locally" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#translating-a-new-language-locally" > Translating a new language locally< / a > < / h4 >
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< p > This guide assumes you are already familiar with how to translate a Django app. If you're not, start by reading < a href = "https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/i18n/translation" > Django's translation docs< / a > .< / p >
< p > If you're translating a new language you'll need to translate the existing REST framework error messages:< / p >
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< p > Make a new folder where you want to store the internationalization resources. Add this path to your < a href = "https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/ref/settings/#std:setting-LOCALE_PATHS" > < code > LOCALE_PATHS< / code > < / a > setting.< / p >
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< p > Now create a subfolder for the language you want to translate. The folder should be named using < a href = "https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/i18n/#term-locale-name" > locale name< / a > notation. For example: < code > de< / code > , < code > pt_BR< / code > , < code > es_AR< / code > .< / p >
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< p > Now copy the < a href = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/rest_framework/locale/en_US/LC_MESSAGES/django.po" > base translations file< / a > from the REST framework source code into your translations folder.< / p >
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< p > Edit the < code > django.po< / code > file you've just copied, translating all the error messages.< / p >
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< p > Run < code > manage.py compilemessages -l pt_BR< / code > to make the translations
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available for Django to use. You should see a message like < code > processing file django.po in < ...> /locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES< / code > .< / p >
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< p > Restart your development server to see the changes take effect.< / p >
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< p > If you're only translating custom error messages that exist inside your project codebase you don't need to copy the REST framework source < code > django.po< / code > file into a < code > LOCALE_PATHS< / code > folder, and can instead simply run Django's standard < code > makemessages< / code > process.< / p >
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< h2 id = "how-the-language-is-determined" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#how-the-language-is-determined" > How the language is determined< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > If you want to allow per-request language preferences you'll need to include < code > django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware< / code > in your < code > MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES< / code > setting.< / p >
< p > You can find more information on how the language preference is determined in the < a href = "https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/i18n/translation/#how-django-discovers-language-preference" > Django documentation< / a > . For reference, the method is:< / p >
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< li > First, it looks for the language prefix in the requested URL.< / li >
< li > Failing that, it looks for the < code > LANGUAGE_SESSION_KEY< / code > key in the current user’ < / li >
< li > Failing that, it looks for a cookie.< / li >
< li > Failing that, it looks at the < code > Accept-Language< / code > HTTP header.< / li >
< li > Failing that, it uses the global < code > LANGUAGE_CODE< / code > setting.< / li >
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< p > For API clients the most appropriate of these will typically be to use the < code > Accept-Language< / code > header; Sessions and cookies will not be available unless using session authentication, and generally better practice to prefer an < code > Accept-Language< / code > header for API clients rather than using language URL prefixes.< / p >
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