django-rest-framework/README.md

# [Django REST framework][docs]

[![build-status-image]][build-status]
[![coverage-status-image]][codecov]
[![pypi-version]][pypi]

**Awesome web-browsable Web APIs.**

Full documentation for the project is available at [https://www.django-rest-framework.org/][docs].

---

# Funding

REST framework is a *collaboratively funded project*. If you use
REST framework commercially we strongly encourage you to invest in its
continued development by [signing up for a paid plan][funding].

The initial aim is to provide a single full-time position on REST framework.
*Every single sign-up makes a significant impact towards making that possible.*

[![][sentry-img]][sentry-url]
[![][stream-img]][stream-url]
[![][spacinov-img]][spacinov-url]
[![][retool-img]][retool-url]
[![][bitio-img]][bitio-url]
[![][posthog-img]][posthog-url]
[![][cryptapi-img]][cryptapi-url]
[![][fezto-img]][fezto-url]
[![][svix-img]][svix-url]
[![][zuplo-img]][zuplo-url]

Many thanks to all our [wonderful sponsors][sponsors], and in particular to our premium backers, [Sentry][sentry-url], [Stream][stream-url], [Spacinov][spacinov-url], [Retool][retool-url], [bit.io][bitio-url], [PostHog][posthog-url], [CryptAPI][cryptapi-url], [FEZTO][fezto-url], [Svix][svix-url], and [Zuplo][zuplo-url].

---

# Overview

Django REST framework is a powerful and flexible toolkit for building Web APIs.

Some reasons you might want to use REST framework:

* The Web browsable API is a huge usability win for your developers.
* [Authentication policies][authentication] including optional packages for [OAuth1a][oauth1-section] and [OAuth2][oauth2-section].
* [Serialization][serializers] that supports both [ORM][modelserializer-section] and [non-ORM][serializer-section] data sources.
* Customizable all the way down - just use [regular function-based views][functionview-section] if you don't need the [more][generic-views] [powerful][viewsets] [features][routers].
* [Extensive documentation][docs], and [great community support][group].

**Below**: *Screenshot from the browsable API*

![Screenshot][image]

----

# Requirements

* Python 3.8+
* Django 4.2, 5.0, 5.1

We **highly recommend** and only officially support the latest patch release of
each Python and Django series.

# Installation

Install using `pip`...

    pip install djangorestframework

Add `'rest_framework'` to your `INSTALLED_APPS` setting.
```python
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'rest_framework',
]
```

# Getting Started

To help you get started quickly with Django REST framework, follow these steps to create a simple API project.

### Step 1: Install Django and Django REST framework

First, make sure you have Python installed on your machine. You can install Django and Django REST framework using pip:

```bash
    pip install django djangorestframework
```

### Step 2: Create a New Django Project

Create a new Django project by running the following command

```bash
    django-admin startproject myproject
    cd myproject
```

### Step 3: Create a New Django App

Next, create a new app within your project:

```bash
    python manage.py startapp myapp
```

### Step 4: Update Settings

Add your new app and REST framework to the INSTALLED_APPS list in myproject/settings.py:

```bash
    INSTALLED_APPS = [
        ...
        'rest_framework',
        'myapp',
    ]
```

Once you have follow the steps above, you should be able to use the REST framework. View the example below for extra details.


# Example

Let's take a look at a quick example of using REST framework to build a simple model-backed API for accessing users and groups.

Startup up a new project like so...

    pip install django
    pip install djangorestframework
    django-admin startproject example .
    ./manage.py migrate
    ./manage.py createsuperuser


Now edit the `example/urls.py` module in your project:

```python
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.urls import include, path
from rest_framework import routers, serializers, viewsets


# Serializers define the API representation.
class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ['url', 'username', 'email', 'is_staff']


# ViewSets define the view behavior.
class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = User.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer


# Routers provide a way of automatically determining the URL conf.
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'users', UserViewSet)

# Wire up our API using automatic URL routing.
# Additionally, we include login URLs for the browsable API.
urlpatterns = [
    path('', include(router.urls)),
    path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework')),
]
```

We'd also like to configure a couple of settings for our API.

Add the following to your `settings.py` module:

```python
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...  # Make sure to include the default installed apps here.
    'rest_framework',
]

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    # Use Django's standard `django.contrib.auth` permissions,
    # or allow read-only access for unauthenticated users.
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.permissions.DjangoModelPermissionsOrAnonReadOnly',
    ]
}
```

That's it, we're done!

    ./manage.py runserver

You can now open the API in your browser at `http://127.0.0.1:8000/`, and view your new 'users' API. If you use the `Login` control in the top right corner you'll also be able to add, create and delete users from the system.

You can also interact with the API using command line tools such as [`curl`](https://curl.haxx.se/). For example, to list the users endpoint:

    $ curl -H 'Accept: application/json; indent=4' -u admin:password http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/
    [
        {
            "url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/1/",
            "username": "admin",
            "email": "admin@example.com",
            "is_staff": true,
        }
    ]

Or to create a new user:

    $ curl -X POST -d username=new -d email=new@example.com -d is_staff=false -H 'Accept: application/json; indent=4' -u admin:password http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/
    {
        "url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/2/",
        "username": "new",
        "email": "new@example.com",
        "is_staff": false,
    }

# Common Issues and Solutions

### 1. Database Migrations

If you encounter issues related to database migrations, ensure that you have run:

```bash
    python manage.py makemigrations
    python manage.py migrate
```

### 2. Missing Packages

If you receive errors about missing packages, double-check that you have installed both Django and Django REST framework using pip.

### 3. Debugging Configuration Errors

For configuration issues, ensure that your settings.py file includes all necessary apps in the INSTALLED_APPS list, and that your URLs are correctly configured.

For more detailed troubleshooting, refer to the documentation provided below.



# Documentation & Support

Full documentation for the project is available at [https://www.django-rest-framework.org/][docs].

For questions and support, use the [REST framework discussion group][group], or `#restframework` on libera.chat IRC.

# Security

Please see the [security policy][security-policy].

[build-status-image]: https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework/actions/workflows/main.yml/badge.svg
[build-status]: https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework/actions/workflows/main.yml
[coverage-status-image]: https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/encode/django-rest-framework/master.svg
[codecov]: https://codecov.io/github/encode/django-rest-framework?branch=master
[pypi-version]: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/djangorestframework.svg
[pypi]: https://pypi.org/project/djangorestframework/
[group]: https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups#!forum/django-rest-framework

[funding]: https://fund.django-rest-framework.org/topics/funding/
[sponsors]: https://fund.django-rest-framework.org/topics/funding/#our-sponsors

[sentry-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/sentry-readme.png
[stream-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/stream-readme.png
[spacinov-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/spacinov-readme.png
[retool-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/retool-readme.png
[bitio-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/bitio-readme.png
[posthog-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/posthog-readme.png
[cryptapi-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/cryptapi-readme.png
[fezto-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/fezto-readme.png
[svix-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/svix-premium.png
[zuplo-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/zuplo-readme.png

[sentry-url]: https://getsentry.com/welcome/
[stream-url]: https://getstream.io/?utm_source=DjangoRESTFramework&utm_medium=Webpage_Logo_Ad&utm_content=Developer&utm_campaign=DjangoRESTFramework_Jan2022_HomePage
[spacinov-url]: https://www.spacinov.com/
[retool-url]: https://retool.com/?utm_source=djangorest&utm_medium=sponsorship
[bitio-url]: https://bit.io/jobs?utm_source=DRF&utm_medium=sponsor&utm_campaign=DRF_sponsorship
[posthog-url]: https://posthog.com?utm_source=drf&utm_medium=sponsorship&utm_campaign=open-source-sponsorship
[cryptapi-url]: https://cryptapi.io
[fezto-url]: https://www.fezto.xyz/?utm_source=DjangoRESTFramework
[svix-url]: https://www.svix.com/?utm_source=django-REST&utm_medium=sponsorship
[zuplo-url]: https://zuplo.link/django-gh

[oauth1-section]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/authentication/#django-rest-framework-oauth
[oauth2-section]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/authentication/#django-oauth-toolkit
[serializer-section]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/serializers/#serializers
[modelserializer-section]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/serializers/#modelserializer
[functionview-section]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/views/#function-based-views
[generic-views]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/generic-views/
[viewsets]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/viewsets/
[routers]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/routers/
[serializers]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/serializers/
[authentication]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/authentication/
[image]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/img/quickstart.png

[docs]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/
[security-policy]: https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework/security/policy