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<div class="body-content"> <div class="container-fluid"> <!-- Search Modal --> <div id="mkdocs_search_modal" class="modal hide fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button> <h3 id="myModalLabel">Documentation search</h3> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <form role="form" autocomplete="off"> <div class="form-group"> <input type="text" name="q" class="form-control" placeholder="Search..." id="mkdocs-search-query"> </div> </form> <div id="mkdocs-search-results"></div> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button class="btn" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">Close</button> </div> </div> <div class="row-fluid"> <div class="span3"> <div id="table-of-contents"> <ul class="nav nav-list side-nav well sidebar-nav-fixed"> <li class="main"> <a href="#quickstart">Quickstart</a> </li> <li> <a href="#project-setup">Project setup</a> </li> <li> <a href="#serializers">Serializers</a> </li> <li> <a href="#views">Views</a> </li> <li> <a href="#urls">URLs</a> </li> <li> <a href="#settings">Settings</a> </li> <li> <a href="#testing-our-api">Testing our API</a> </li> <div class="promo"> <hr/> <div id="sidebarInclude"> </div> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="main-content" class="span9"> <h1 id="quickstart"><a class="toclink" href="#quickstart">Quickstart</a></h1> <p>We're going to create a simple API to allow admin users to view and edit the users and groups in the system.</p> <h2 id="project-setup"><a class="toclink" href="#project-setup">Project setup</a></h2> <p>Create a new Django project named <code>tutorial</code>, then start a new app called <code>quickstart</code>.</p> <pre><code># Create the project directory mkdir tutorial cd tutorial # Create a virtualenv to isolate our package dependencies locally virtualenv env source env/bin/activate # On Windows use `env\Scripts\activate` # Install Django and Django REST framework into the virtualenv pip install django pip install djangorestframework # Set up a new project with a single application django-admin.py startproject tutorial . # Note the trailing '.' character cd tutorial django-admin.py startapp quickstart cd .. </code></pre> <p>Now sync your database for the first time:</p> <pre><code>python manage.py migrate </code></pre> <p>We'll also create an initial user named <code>admin</code> with a password of <code>password123</code>. We'll authenticate as that user later in our example.</p> <pre><code>python manage.py createsuperuser </code></pre> <p>Once you've set up a database and initial user created and ready to go, open up the app's directory and we'll get coding...</p> <h2 id="serializers"><a class="toclink" href="#serializers">Serializers</a></h2> <p>First up we're going to define some serializers. Let's create a new module named <code>tutorial/quickstart/serializers.py</code> that we'll use for our data representations.</p> <pre><code>from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group from rest_framework import serializers class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer): class Meta: model = User fields = ('url', 'username', 'email', 'groups') class GroupSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer): class Meta: model = Group fields = ('url', 'name') </code></pre> <p>Notice that we're using hyperlinked relations in this case, with <code>HyperlinkedModelSerializer</code>. You can also use primary key and various other relationships, but hyperlinking is good RESTful design.</p> <h2 id="views"><a class="toclink" href="#views">Views</a></h2> <p>Right, we'd better write some views then. Open <code>tutorial/quickstart/views.py</code> and get typing.</p> <pre><code>from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group from rest_framework import viewsets from tutorial.quickstart.serializers import UserSerializer, GroupSerializer class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet): """ API endpoint that allows users to be viewed or edited. """ queryset = User.objects.all().order_by('-date_joined') serializer_class = UserSerializer class GroupViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet): """ API endpoint that allows groups to be viewed or edited. """ queryset = Group.objects.all() serializer_class = GroupSerializer </code></pre> <p>Rather than write multiple views we're grouping together all the common behavior into classes called <code>ViewSets</code>.</p> <p>We can easily break these down into individual views if we need to, but using viewsets keeps the view logic nicely organized as well as being very concise.</p> <h2 id="urls"><a class="toclink" href="#urls">URLs</a></h2> <p>Okay, now let's wire up the API URLs. On to <code>tutorial/urls.py</code>...</p> <pre><code>from django.conf.urls import url, include from rest_framework import routers from tutorial.quickstart import views router = routers.DefaultRouter() router.register(r'users', views.UserViewSet) router.register(r'groups', views.GroupViewSet) # Wire up our API using automatic URL routing. # Additionally, we include login URLs for the browsable API. urlpatterns = [ url(r'^', include(router.urls)), url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework')) ] </code></pre> <p>Because we're using viewsets instead of views, we can automatically generate the URL conf for our API, by simply registering the viewsets with a router class.</p> <p>Again, if we need more control over the API URLs we can simply drop down to using regular class-based views, and writing the URL conf explicitly.</p> <p>Finally, we're including default login and logout views for use with the browsable API. That's optional, but useful if your API requires authentication and you want to use the browsable API.</p> <h2 id="settings"><a class="toclink" href="#settings">Settings</a></h2> <p>We'd also like to set a few global settings. We'd like to turn on pagination, and we want our API to only be accessible to admin users. The settings module will be in <code>tutorial/settings.py</code></p> <pre><code>INSTALLED_APPS = ( ... 'rest_framework', ) REST_FRAMEWORK = { 'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': ('rest_framework.permissions.IsAdminUser',), 'PAGE_SIZE': 10 } </code></pre> <p>Okay, we're done.</p> <hr /> <h2 id="testing-our-api"><a class="toclink" href="#testing-our-api">Testing our API</a></h2> <p>We're now ready to test the API we've built. Let's fire up the server from the command line.</p> <pre><code>python manage.py runserver </code></pre> <p>We can now access our API, both from the command-line, using tools like <code>curl</code>...</p> <pre><code>bash: curl -H 'Accept: application/json; indent=4' -u admin:password123 http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/ { "count": 2, "next": null, "previous": null, "results": [ { "email": "admin@example.com", "groups": [], "url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/1/", "username": "admin" }, { "email": "tom@example.com", "groups": [ ], "url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/2/", "username": "tom" } ] } </code></pre> <p>Or using the <a href="https://github.com/jakubroztocil/httpie#installation">httpie</a>, command line tool...</p> <pre><code>bash: http -a admin:password123 http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/ HTTP/1.1 200 OK ... { "count": 2, "next": null, "previous": null, "results": [ { "email": "admin@example.com", "groups": [], "url": "http://localhost:8000/users/1/", "username": "paul" }, { "email": "tom@example.com", "groups": [ ], "url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/2/", "username": "tom" } ] } </code></pre> <p>Or directly through the browser, by going to the URL <code>http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/</code>...</p> <p><img alt="Quick start image" src="../../img/quickstart.png" /></p> <p>If you're working through the browser, make sure to login using the control in the top right corner.</p> <p>Great, that was easy!</p> <p>If you want to get a more in depth understanding of how REST framework fits together head on over to <a href="../1-serialization/">the tutorial</a>, or start browsing the <a href="../../#api-guide">API guide</a>.</p> </div> <!--/span--> </div> <!--/row--> </div> <!--/.fluid-container--> </div> <!--/.body content--> <div id="push"></div> </div> <!--/.wrapper --> <footer class="span12"> <p>Documentation built with <a href="http://www.mkdocs.org/">MkDocs</a>. </p> </footer> <!-- Le javascript ================================================== --> <!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster --> <script src="../../js/jquery-1.8.1-min.js"></script> <script src="../../js/prettify-1.0.js"></script> <script src="../../js/bootstrap-2.1.1-min.js"></script> <script src="https://fund.django-rest-framework.org/sidebar_include.js"></script> <script>var base_url = '../..';</script> <script src="../../mkdocs/js/require.js"></script> <script src="../../js/theme.js"></script> <script> var shiftWindow = function() { scrollBy(0, -50) }; if (location.hash) shiftWindow(); window.addEventListener("hashchange", shiftWindow); $('.dropdown-menu').on('click touchstart', function(event) { event.stopPropagation(); }); // Dynamically force sidenav/dropdown to no higher than browser window $('.side-nav, .dropdown-menu').css('max-height', window.innerHeight - 130); $(function() { $(window).resize(function() { $('.side-nav, .dropdown-menu').css('max-height', window.innerHeight - 130); }); }); </script> </body> </html>