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<h1 id="django-rest-framework-35">Django REST framework 3.5<a class="headerlink" href="#django-rest-framework-35" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<p>The 3.5 release is the second in a planned series that is addressing schema
generation, hypermedia support, API client libraries, and finally realtime support.</p>
<hr />
<h2 id="funding">Funding<a class="headerlink" href="#funding" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>The 3.5 release would not have been possible without our <a href="https://opencollective.com/django-rest-framework">collaborative funding model</a>.
If you use REST framework commercially and would like to see this work continue,
we strongly encourage you to invest in its continued development by
<strong><a href="https://opencollective.com/django-rest-framework">signing up for a paid&nbsp;plan</a></strong>.</p>
<ul class="premium-promo promo">
<li><a href="https://www.rover.com/careers/" style="background-image: url(https://fund-rest-framework.s3.amazonaws.com/rover_130x130.png)">Rover.com</a></li>
<li><a href="https://sentry.io/welcome/" style="background-image: url(https://fund-rest-framework.s3.amazonaws.com/sentry130.png)">Sentry</a></li>
<li><a href="https://getstream.io/?utm_source=drf&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=drf" style="background-image: url(https://fund-rest-framework.s3.amazonaws.com/stream-130.png)">Stream</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.machinalis.com/#services" style="background-image: url(https://fund-rest-framework.s3.amazonaws.com/Machinalis130.png)">Machinalis</a></li>
</ul>
<div style="clear: both; padding-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p><em>Many thanks to all our <a href="https://fund.django-rest-framework.org/topics/funding/#our-sponsors">sponsors</a>, and in particular to our premium backers, <a href="https://www.rover.com/careers/">Rover</a>, <a href="https://sentry.io/welcome/">Sentry</a>, <a href="https://getstream.io/?utm_source=drf&amp;utm_medium=banner&amp;utm_campaign=drf">Stream</a>, and <a href="https://www.machinalis.com/#services">Machinalis</a>.</em></p>
<hr />
<h2 id="improved-schema-generation">Improved schema generation<a class="headerlink" href="#improved-schema-generation" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Docstrings on views are now pulled through into schema definitions, allowing
you to <a href="../../api-guide/schemas/#schemas-as-documentation">use the schema definition to document your&nbsp;API</a>.</p>
<p>There is now also a shortcut function, <code>get_schema_view()</code>, which makes it easier to
<a href="../../api-guide/schemas/#get_schema_view">adding schema views</a> to your API.</p>
<p>For example, to include a swagger schema to your API, you would do the following:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Run <code>pip install django-rest-swagger</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Add <code>'rest_framework_swagger'</code> to your <code>INSTALLED_APPS</code> setting.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Include the schema view in your URL conf:</p>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-py highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">rest_framework.schemas</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">get_schema_view</span>
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">rest_framework_swagger.renderers</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">OpenAPIRenderer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SwaggerUIRenderer</span>
<span class="n">schema_view</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">get_schema_view</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="n">title</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;Example API&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">renderer_classes</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">OpenAPIRenderer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SwaggerUIRenderer</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">urlpatterns</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;swagger/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">schema_view</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="o">...</span><span class="p">]</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>There have been a large number of fixes to the schema generation. These should
resolve issues for anyone using the latest version of the <code>django-rest-swagger</code>
package.</p>
<p>Some of these changes do affect the resulting schema structure,
so if you're already using schema generation you should make sure to review
<a href="#deprecations">the deprecation notes</a>, particularly if you're currently using
a dynamic client library to interact with your API.</p>
<p>Finally, we're also now exposing the schema generation as a
<a href="../../api-guide/schemas/#schemagenerator">publicly documented API</a>, allowing you to more easily
override the behavior.</p>
<h2 id="requests-test-client">Requests test client<a class="headerlink" href="#requests-test-client" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>You can now test your project using the <code>requests</code> library.</p>
<p>This exposes exactly the same interface as if you were using a standard
requests session instance.</p>
<div class="language-text highlight"><pre><span></span><code>client = RequestsClient()
response = client.get(&#39;http://testserver/users/&#39;)
assert response.status_code == 200
</code></pre></div>
<p>Rather than sending any HTTP requests to the network, this interface will
coerce all outgoing requests into WSGI, and call into your application directly.</p>
<h2 id="core-api-client">Core API client<a class="headerlink" href="#core-api-client" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>You can also now test your project by interacting with it using the <code>coreapi</code>
client library.</p>
<div class="language-text highlight"><pre><span></span><code># Fetch the API schema
client = CoreAPIClient()
schema = client.get(&#39;http://testserver/schema/&#39;)
# Create a new organization
params = {&#39;name&#39;: &#39;MegaCorp&#39;, &#39;status&#39;: &#39;active&#39;}
client.action(schema, [&#39;organizations&#39;, &#39;create&#39;], params)
# Ensure that the organization exists in the listing
data = client.action(schema, [&#39;organizations&#39;, &#39;list&#39;])
assert(len(data) == 1)
assert(data == [{&#39;name&#39;: &#39;MegaCorp&#39;, &#39;status&#39;: &#39;active&#39;}])
</code></pre></div>
<p>Again, this will call directly into the application using the WSGI interface,
rather than making actual network calls.</p>
<p>This is a good option if you are planning for clients to mainly interact with
your API using the <code>coreapi</code> client library, or some other auto-generated client.</p>
<h2 id="live-tests">Live tests<a class="headerlink" href="#live-tests" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>One interesting aspect of both the <code>requests</code> client and the <code>coreapi</code> client
is that they allow you to write tests in such a way that they can also be made
to run against a live service.</p>
<p>By switching the WSGI based client instances to actual instances of <code>requests.Session</code>
or <code>coreapi.Client</code> you can have the test cases make actual network calls.</p>
<p>Being able to write test cases that can exercise your staging or production
environment is a powerful tool. However in order to do this, you'll need to pay
close attention to how you handle setup and teardown to ensure a strict isolation
of test data from other live or staging data.</p>
<h2 id="raml-support">RAML support<a class="headerlink" href="#raml-support" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>We now have preliminary support for <a href="https://github.com/encode/django-rest-raml">RAML documentation generation</a>.</p>
<p><img alt="RAML Example" src="../../img/raml.png" /></p>
<p>Further work on the encoding and documentation generation is planned, in order to
make features such as the 'Try it now' support available at a later date.</p>
<p>This work also now means that you can use the Core API client libraries to interact
with APIs that expose a RAML specification. The <a href="https://github.com/core-api/python-raml-codec">RAML codec</a> gives some examples of
interacting with the Spotify API in this way.</p>
<h2 id="validation-codes">Validation codes<a class="headerlink" href="#validation-codes" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Exceptions raised by REST framework now include short code identifiers.
When used together with our customizable error handling, this now allows you to
modify the style of API error messages.</p>
<p>As an example, this allows for the following style of error responses:</p>
<div class="language-text highlight"><pre><span></span><code>{
&quot;message&quot;: &quot;You do not have permission to perform this action.&quot;,
&quot;code&quot;: &quot;permission_denied&quot;
}
</code></pre></div>
<p>This is particularly useful with validation errors, which use appropriate
codes to identify differing kinds of failure...</p>
<div class="language-text highlight"><pre><span></span><code>{
&quot;name&quot;: {&quot;message&quot;: &quot;This field is required.&quot;, &quot;code&quot;: &quot;required&quot;},
&quot;age&quot;: {&quot;message&quot;: &quot;A valid integer is required.&quot;, &quot;code&quot;: &quot;invalid&quot;}
}
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="client-upload-download-support">Client upload &amp; download support<a class="headerlink" href="#client-upload-download-support" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>The Python <code>coreapi</code> client library and the Core API command line tool both
now fully support file <a href="https://core-api.github.io/python-client/api-guide/utils/#file">uploads</a> and <a href="https://core-api.github.io/python-client/api-guide/codecs/#downloadcodec">downloads</a>.</p>
<hr />
<h2 id="deprecations">Deprecations<a class="headerlink" href="#deprecations" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<h3 id="generating-schemas-from-router">Generating schemas from Router<a class="headerlink" href="#generating-schemas-from-router" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>The router arguments for generating a schema view, such as <code>schema_title</code>,
are now pending deprecation.</p>
<p>Instead of using <code>DefaultRouter(schema_title='Example API')</code>, you should use
the <code>get_schema_view()</code> function, and include the view in your URL conf.</p>
<p>Make sure to include the view before your router urls. For example:</p>
<div class="language-text highlight"><pre><span></span><code>from rest_framework.schemas import get_schema_view
from my_project.routers import router
schema_view = get_schema_view(title=&#39;Example API&#39;)
urlpatterns = [
path(&#39;&#39;, schema_view),
path(&#39;&#39;, include(router.urls)),
]
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="schema-path-representations">Schema path representations<a class="headerlink" href="#schema-path-representations" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>The <code>'pk'</code> identifier in schema paths is now mapped onto the actually model field
name by default. This will typically be <code>'id'</code>.</p>
<p>This gives a better external representation for schemas, with less implementation
detail being exposed. It also reflects the behavior of using a ModelSerializer
class with <code>fields = '__all__'</code>.</p>
<p>You can revert to the previous behavior by setting <code>'SCHEMA_COERCE_PATH_PK': False</code>
in the REST framework settings.</p>
<h3 id="schema-action-name-representations">Schema action name representations<a class="headerlink" href="#schema-action-name-representations" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>The internal <code>retrieve()</code> and <code>destroy()</code> method names are now coerced to an
external representation of <code>read</code> and <code>delete</code>.</p>
<p>You can revert to the previous behavior by setting <code>'SCHEMA_COERCE_METHOD_NAMES': {}</code>
in the REST framework settings.</p>
<h3 id="djangofilterbackend">DjangoFilterBackend<a class="headerlink" href="#djangofilterbackend" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>The functionality of the built-in <code>DjangoFilterBackend</code> is now completely
included by the <code>django-filter</code> package.</p>
<p>You should change your imports and REST framework filter settings as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>rest_framework.filters.DjangoFilterBackend</code> becomes <code>django_filters.rest_framework.DjangoFilterBackend</code>.</li>
<li><code>rest_framework.filters.FilterSet</code> becomes <code>django_filters.rest_framework.FilterSet</code>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The existing imports will continue to work but are now pending deprecation.</p>
<h3 id="corejson-media-type">CoreJSON media type<a class="headerlink" href="#corejson-media-type" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>The media type for <code>CoreJSON</code> is now <code>application/json+coreapi</code>, rather than
the previous <code>application/vnd.json+coreapi</code>. This brings it more into line with
other custom media types, such as those used by Swagger and RAML.</p>
<p>The clients currently accept either media type. The old style-media type will
be deprecated at a later date.</p>
<h3 id="modelserializer-fields-and-exclude">ModelSerializer 'fields' and 'exclude'<a class="headerlink" href="#modelserializer-fields-and-exclude" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>ModelSerializer and HyperlinkedModelSerializer must include either a fields
option, or an exclude option. The <code>fields = '__all__'</code> shortcut may be used to
explicitly include all fields.</p>
<p>Failing to set either <code>fields</code> or <code>exclude</code> raised a pending deprecation warning
in version 3.3 and raised a deprecation warning in 3.4. Its usage is now mandatory.</p>
<hr />
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