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<li class="main"><a href="#quickstart">Quickstart</a></li>
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<li><a href="#serializers">Serializers</a></li>
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<li><a href="#views">Views</a></li>
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<li><a href="#urls">URLs</a></li>
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<h1 id="quickstart">Quickstart</h1>
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<p>We're going to create a simple API to allow admin users to view and edit the users and groups in the system.</p>
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<p>Create a new Django project, and start a new app called <code>quickstart</code>. Once you've set up a database and got everything synced and ready to go open up the app's directory and we'll get coding...</p>
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<h2 id="serializers">Serializers</h2>
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<p>First up we're going to define some serializers in <code>quickstart/serializers.py</code> that we'll use for our data representations.</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-py"><code>from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
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from rest_framework import serializers
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class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
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class Meta:
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model = User
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fields = ('url', 'username', 'email', 'groups')
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class GroupSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
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class Meta:
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model = Group
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fields = ('url', 'name', 'permissions')
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</code></pre>
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<p>Notice that we're using hyperlinked relations in this case, with <code>HyperlinkedModelSerializer</code>. You can also use primary key and various other relationships, but hyperlinking is good RESTful design.</p>
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<h2 id="views">Views</h2>
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<p>Right, we'd better write some views then. Open <code>quickstart/views.py</code> and get typing.</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-py"><code>from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
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from rest_framework import generics
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from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
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from rest_framework.reverse import reverse
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from rest_framework.response import Response
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from quickstart.serializers import UserSerializer, GroupSerializer
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@api_view(['GET'])
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def api_root(request, format=None):
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"""
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The entry endpoint of our API.
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"""
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return Response({
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'users': reverse('user-list', request=request),
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'groups': reverse('group-list', request=request),
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})
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class UserList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
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"""
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API endpoint that represents a list of users.
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"""
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model = User
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serializer_class = UserSerializer
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class UserDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
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"""
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API endpoint that represents a single user.
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"""
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model = User
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serializer_class = UserSerializer
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class GroupList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
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"""
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API endpoint that represents a list of groups.
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"""
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model = Group
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serializer_class = GroupSerializer
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class GroupDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
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"""
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API endpoint that represents a single group.
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"""
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model = Group
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serializer_class = GroupSerializer
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</code></pre>
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<p>Let's take a moment to look at what we've done here before we move on. We have one function-based view representing the root of the API, and four class-based views which map to our database models, and specify which serializers should be used for representing that data. Pretty simple stuff.</p>
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<h2 id="urls">URLs</h2>
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<p>Okay, let's wire this baby up. On to <code>quickstart/urls.py</code>...</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-py"><code>from django.conf.urls import patterns, url, include
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from rest_framework.urlpatterns import format_suffix_patterns
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from quickstart.views import UserList, UserDetail, GroupList, GroupDetail
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urlpatterns = patterns('quickstart.views',
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url(r'^$', 'api_root'),
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url(r'^users/$', UserList.as_view(), name='user-list'),
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url(r'^users/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', UserDetail.as_view(), name='user-detail'),
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url(r'^groups/$', GroupList.as_view(), name='group-list'),
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url(r'^groups/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', GroupDetail.as_view(), name='group-detail'),
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)
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# Format suffixes
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urlpatterns = format_suffix_patterns(urlpatterns, allowed=['json', 'api'])
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# Default login/logout views
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urlpatterns += patterns('',
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url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework'))
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)
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</code></pre>
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<p>There's a few things worth noting here.</p>
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<p>Firstly the names <code>user-detail</code> and <code>group-detail</code> are important. We're using the default hyperlinked relationships without explicitly specifying the view names, so we need to use names of the style <code>{modelname}-detail</code> to represent the model instance views.</p>
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<p>Secondly, we're modifying the urlpatterns using <code>format_suffix_patterns</code>, to append optional <code>.json</code> style suffixes to our URLs.</p>
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<p>Finally, we're including default login and logout views for use with the browsable API. That's optional, but useful if your API requires authentication and you want to use the browseable API.</p>
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<h2 id="settings">Settings</h2>
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<p>We'd also like to set a few global settings. We'd like to turn on pagination, and we want our API to only be accessible to admin users.</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-py"><code>INSTALLED_APPS = (
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...
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'rest_framework',
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)
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REST_FRAMEWORK = {
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'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': ('rest_framework.permissions.IsAdminUser',),
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'PAGINATE_BY': 10
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>Okay, that's us done.</p>
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<hr />
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<h2 id="testing-our-api">Testing our API</h2>
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<p>We can now access our API, both from the command-line, using tools like <code>curl</code>...</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-py"><code>bash: curl -H 'Accept: application/json; indent=4' -u admin:password http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/
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{
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"count": 2,
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"next": null,
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"previous": null,
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"results": [
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{
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"email": "admin@example.com",
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"groups": [],
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"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/1/",
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"username": "admin"
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},
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{
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"email": "tom@example.com",
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"groups": [],
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"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/2/",
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"username": "tom"
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}
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]
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>Or directly through the browser...</p>
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<p><img alt="Quick start image" src="../img/quickstart.png" /></p>
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<p>Great, that was easy!</p>
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<p>If you want to get a more in depth understanding of how REST framework fits together head on over to <a href="1-serialization">the tutorial</a>, or start browsing the <a href="../#api-guide">API guide</a>.</p>
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