mirror of
https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework.git
synced 2024-11-30 05:24:00 +03:00
515 lines
21 KiB
HTML
515 lines
21 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html lang="en">
|
||
|
||
<head>
|
||
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
|
||
<meta charset="utf-8">
|
||
<title>Internationalization - Django REST framework</title>
|
||
<link href="../../img/favicon.ico" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon">
|
||
<link rel="canonical" href="http://www.django-rest-framework.org/topics/internationalization/" />
|
||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
||
<meta name="description" content="Django, API, REST, Internationalization">
|
||
<meta name="author" content="Tom Christie">
|
||
|
||
<!-- Le styles -->
|
||
<link href="../../css/prettify.css" rel="stylesheet">
|
||
<link href="../../css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
|
||
<link href="../../css/bootstrap-responsive.css" rel="stylesheet">
|
||
<link href="../../css/default.css" rel="stylesheet">
|
||
|
||
<!-- Le HTML5 shim, for IE6-8 support of HTML5 elements -->
|
||
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
|
||
<script src="http://html5shim.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script>
|
||
<![endif]-->
|
||
|
||
<script type="text/javascript">
|
||
var _gaq = _gaq || [];
|
||
_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-18852272-2']);
|
||
_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
|
||
|
||
(function() {
|
||
var ga = document.createElement('script');
|
||
ga.type = 'text/javascript';
|
||
ga.async = true;
|
||
ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
|
||
var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
|
||
s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
|
||
})();
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
<style>
|
||
span.fusion-wrap a {
|
||
display: block;
|
||
margin-top: 10px;
|
||
color: black;
|
||
}
|
||
a.fusion-poweredby {
|
||
display: block;
|
||
margin-top: 10px;
|
||
}
|
||
@media (max-width: 767px) {
|
||
div.promo {
|
||
display: none;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body onload="prettyPrint()" class="-page">
|
||
|
||
<div class="wrapper">
|
||
|
||
<div class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
|
||
<div class="navbar-inner">
|
||
<div class="container-fluid">
|
||
<a class="repo-link btn btn-primary btn-small" href="https://github.com/tomchristie/django-rest-framework/tree/master">GitHub</a>
|
||
<a class="repo-link btn btn-inverse btn-small " rel="prev" href="../ajax-csrf-cors">
|
||
Next <i class="icon-arrow-right icon-white"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a class="repo-link btn btn-inverse btn-small " rel="next" href="../documenting-your-api">
|
||
<i class="icon-arrow-left icon-white"></i> Previous
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a class="repo-link btn btn-inverse btn-small" href="#searchModal" data-toggle="modal"><i class="icon-search icon-white"></i> Search</a>
|
||
<a class="btn btn-navbar" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".nav-collapse">
|
||
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
|
||
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
|
||
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a class="brand" href="http://www.django-rest-framework.org">Django REST framework</a>
|
||
<div class="nav-collapse collapse">
|
||
|
||
<!-- Main navigation -->
|
||
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
|
||
<li ><a href="/">Home</a></li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="dropdown">
|
||
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Tutorial <b class="caret"></b></a>
|
||
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../tutorial/quickstart">Quickstart</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../tutorial/1-serialization">1 - Serialization</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../tutorial/2-requests-and-responses">2 - Requests and responses</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../tutorial/3-class-based-views">3 - Class based views</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../tutorial/4-authentication-and-permissions">4 - Authentication and permissions</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../tutorial/5-relationships-and-hyperlinked-apis">5 - Relationships and hyperlinked APIs</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../tutorial/6-viewsets-and-routers">6 - Viewsets and routers</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="dropdown">
|
||
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">API Guide <b class="caret"></b></a>
|
||
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/requests">Requests</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/responses">Responses</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/views">Views</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/generic-views">Generic views</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/viewsets">Viewsets</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/routers">Routers</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/parsers">Parsers</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/renderers">Renderers</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/serializers">Serializers</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/fields">Serializer fields</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/relations">Serializer relations</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/validators">Validators</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/authentication">Authentication</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/permissions">Permissions</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/throttling">Throttling</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/filtering">Filtering</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/pagination">Pagination</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/versioning">Versioning</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/content-negotiation">Content negotiation</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/metadata">Metadata</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/format-suffixes">Format suffixes</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/reverse">Returning URLs</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/exceptions">Exceptions</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/status-codes">Status codes</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/testing">Testing</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../../api-guide/settings">Settings</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="dropdown active">
|
||
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Topics <b class="caret"></b></a>
|
||
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../documenting-your-api">Documenting your API</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="active" >
|
||
<a href=".">Internationalization</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../ajax-csrf-cors">AJAX, CSRF & CORS</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../browser-enhancements">Browser enhancements</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../browsable-api">The Browsable API</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../rest-hypermedia-hateoas">REST, Hypermedia & HATEOAS</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../third-party-resources">Third Party Resources</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../contributing">Contributing to REST framework</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../project-management">Project management</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../3.0-announcement">3.0 Announcement</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../3.1-announcement">3.1 Announcement</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../kickstarter-announcement">Kickstarter Announcement</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li >
|
||
<a href="../release-notes">Release Notes</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!--/.nav-collapse -->
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="body-content">
|
||
<div class="container-fluid">
|
||
|
||
<!-- Search Modal -->
|
||
<div id="searchModal" class="modal hide fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="modal-header">
|
||
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button>
|
||
<h3 id="myModalLabel">Documentation search</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="modal-body">
|
||
<!-- Custom google search -->
|
||
<script>
|
||
(function() {
|
||
var cx = '015016005043623903336:rxraeohqk6w';
|
||
var gcse = document.createElement('script');
|
||
gcse.type = 'text/javascript';
|
||
gcse.async = true;
|
||
gcse.src = (document.location.protocol == 'https:' ? 'https:' : 'http:') +
|
||
'//www.google.com/cse/cse.js?cx=' + cx;
|
||
var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
|
||
s.parentNode.insertBefore(gcse, s);
|
||
})();
|
||
</script>
|
||
<gcse:search></gcse:search>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="modal-footer">
|
||
<button class="btn" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">Close</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="row-fluid">
|
||
|
||
<div class="span3">
|
||
<!-- TODO
|
||
<p style="margin-top: -12px">
|
||
<a class="btn btn-mini btn-primary" style="width: 60px">« previous</a>
|
||
<a class="btn btn-mini btn-primary" style="float: right; margin-right: 8px; width: 60px;">next »</a>
|
||
</p>
|
||
-->
|
||
<div id="table-of-contents">
|
||
<ul class="nav nav-list side-nav well sidebar-nav-fixed">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="main">
|
||
<a href="#internationalization">Internationalization</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="#enabling-internationalized-apis">Enabling internationalized APIs</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="#adding-new-translations">Adding new translations</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="#how-the-language-is-determined">How the language is determined</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="main-content" class="span9">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h1 id="internationalization">Internationalization</h1>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>Supporting internationalization is not optional. It must be a core feature.</p>
|
||
<p>— <a href="http://youtu.be/Wa0VfS2q94Y">Jannis Leidel, speaking at Django Under the Hood, 2015</a>.</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<p>REST framework ships with translatable error messages. You can make these appear in your language enabling <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/i18n/translation">Django's standard translation mechanisms</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>Doing so will allow you to:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Select a language other than English as the default, using the standard <code>LANGUAGE_CODE</code> Django setting.</li>
|
||
<li>Allow clients to choose a language themselves, using the <code>LocaleMiddleware</code> included with Django. A typical usage for API clients would be to include an <code>Accept-Language</code> request header.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h2 id="enabling-internationalized-apis">Enabling internationalized APIs</h2>
|
||
<p>You can change the default language by using the standard Django <code>LANGUAGE_CODE</code> setting:</p>
|
||
<pre><code>LANGUAGE_CODE = "es-es"
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>You can turn on per-request language requests by adding <code>LocalMiddleware</code> to your <code>MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES</code> setting:</p>
|
||
<pre><code>MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = [
|
||
...
|
||
'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware'
|
||
]
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>When per-request internationalization is enabled, client requests will respect the <code>Accept-Language</code> header where possible. For example, let's make a request for an unsupported media type:</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Request</strong></p>
|
||
<pre><code>GET /api/users HTTP/1.1
|
||
Accept: application/xml
|
||
Accept-Language: es-es
|
||
Host: example.org
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p><strong>Response</strong></p>
|
||
<pre><code>HTTP/1.0 406 NOT ACCEPTABLE
|
||
|
||
{"detail": "No se ha podido satisfacer la solicitud de cabecera de Accept."}
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>REST framework includes these built-in translations both for standard exception cases, and for serializer validation errors.</p>
|
||
<p>Note that the translations only apply to the error strings themselves. The format of error messages, and the keys of field names will remain the same. An example <code>400 Bad Request</code> response body might look like this:</p>
|
||
<pre><code>{"detail": {"username": ["Esse campo deve ser unico."]}}
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>If you want to use different string for parts of the response such as <code>detail</code> and <code>non_field_errors</code> then you can modify this behavior by using a <a href="../../api-guide/exceptions#custom-exception-handling">custom exception handler</a>.</p>
|
||
<h4 id="specifying-the-set-of-supported-languages">Specifying the set of supported languages.</h4>
|
||
<p>By default all available languages will be supported.</p>
|
||
<p>If you only wish to support a subset of the available languages, use Django's standard <code>LANGUAGES</code> setting:</p>
|
||
<pre><code>LANGUAGES = [
|
||
('de', _('German')),
|
||
('en', _('English')),
|
||
]
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<h2 id="adding-new-translations">Adding new translations</h2>
|
||
<p>REST framework translations are managed online using <a href="https://www.transifex.com/projects/p/django-rest-framework/">Transifex</a>. You can use the Transifex service to add new translation languages. The maintenance team will then ensure that these translation strings are included in the REST framework package.</p>
|
||
<p>Sometimes you may need to add translation strings to your project locally. You may need to do this if:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>You want to use REST Framework in a language which has not been translated yet on Transifex.</li>
|
||
<li>Your project includes custom error messages, which are not part of REST framework's default translation strings.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h4 id="translating-a-new-language-locally">Translating a new language locally</h4>
|
||
<p>This guide assumes you are already familiar with how to translate a Django app. If you're not, start by reading <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/i18n/translation">Django's translation docs</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>If you're translating a new language you'll need to translate the existing REST framework error messages:</p>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>Make a new folder where you want to store the internationalization resources. Add this path to your <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/ref/settings/#std:setting-LOCALE_PATHS"><code>LOCALE_PATHS</code></a> setting.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>Now create a subfolder for the language you want to translate. The folder should be named using <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/i18n/#term-locale-name">locale name</a> notation. For example: <code>de</code>, <code>pt_BR</code>, <code>es_AR</code>.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>Now copy the <a href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tomchristie/django-rest-framework/master/rest_framework/locale/en_US/LC_MESSAGES/django.po">base translations file</a> from the REST framework source code into your translations folder.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>Edit the <code>django.po</code> file you've just copied, translating all the error messages.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>Run <code>manage.py compilemessages -l pt_BR</code> to make the translations
|
||
available for Django to use. You should see a message like <code>processing file django.po in <...>/locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES</code>.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>Restart your development server to see the changes take effect.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<p>If you're only translating custom error messages that exist inside your project codebase you don't need to copy the REST framework source <code>django.po</code> file into a <code>LOCALE_PATHS</code> folder, and can instead simply run Django's standard <code>makemessages</code> process.</p>
|
||
<h2 id="how-the-language-is-determined">How the language is determined</h2>
|
||
<p>If you want to allow per-request language preferences you'll need to include <code>django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware</code> in your <code>MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES</code> setting.</p>
|
||
<p>You can find more information on how the language preference is determined in the <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/i18n/translation/#how-django-discovers-language-preference">Django documentation</a>. For reference, the method is:</p>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li>First, it looks for the language prefix in the requested URL.</li>
|
||
<li>Failing that, it looks for the <code>LANGUAGE_SESSION_KEY</code> key in the current user’s session.</li>
|
||
<li>Failing that, it looks for a cookie.</li>
|
||
<li>Failing that, it looks at the <code>Accept-Language</code> HTTP header.</li>
|
||
<li>Failing that, it uses the global <code>LANGUAGE_CODE</code> setting.</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<p>For API clients the most appropriate of these will typically be to use the <code>Accept-Language</code> header; Sessions and cookies will not be available unless using session authentication, and generally better practice to prefer an <code>Accept-Language</code> header for API clients rather than using language URL prefixes.</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!--/span-->
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!--/row-->
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!--/.fluid-container-->
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!--/.body content-->
|
||
<div id="push"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!--/.wrapper -->
|
||
|
||
<footer class="span12">
|
||
<p>Documentation built with <a href="http://www.mkdocs.org/">MkDocs</a>.</a>
|
||
</p>
|
||
</footer>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Le javascript
|
||
================================================== -->
|
||
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
|
||
<script src="../../js/jquery-1.8.1-min.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../../js/prettify-1.0.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../../js/bootstrap-2.1.1-min.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../../js/theme.js"></script>
|
||
|
||
<script>
|
||
//$('.side-nav').scrollspy()
|
||
var shiftWindow = function() {
|
||
scrollBy(0, -50)
|
||
};
|
||
if (location.hash) shiftWindow();
|
||
window.addEventListener("hashchange", shiftWindow);
|
||
|
||
$('.dropdown-menu').on('click touchstart', function(event) {
|
||
event.stopPropagation();
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
// Dynamically force sidenav to no higher than browser window
|
||
$('.side-nav').css('max-height', window.innerHeight - 130);
|
||
|
||
$(function() {
|
||
$(window).resize(function() {
|
||
$('.side-nav').css('max-height', window.innerHeight - 130);
|
||
});
|
||
});
|
||
</script>
|
||
</body>
|
||
|
||
</html> |