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<a class="github" href="https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework/tree/master/rest_framework/metadata.py">
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<span class="label label-info">metadata.py</span>
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<h1 id="metadata"><a class="toclink" href="#metadata">Metadata</a></h1>
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<blockquote>
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<p>[The <code>OPTIONS</code>] method allows a client to determine the options and/or requirements associated with a resource, or the capabilities of a server, without implying a resource action or initiating a resource retrieval.</p>
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<p>— <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.7">RFC7231, Section 4.3.7.</a></p>
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</blockquote>
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<p>REST framework includes a configurable mechanism for determining how your API should respond to <code>OPTIONS</code> requests. This allows you to return API schema or other resource information.</p>
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<p>There are not currently any widely adopted conventions for exactly what style of response should be returned for HTTP <code>OPTIONS</code> requests, so we provide an ad-hoc style that returns some useful information.</p>
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<p>Here's an example response that demonstrates the information that is returned by default.</p>
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<pre><code>HTTP 200 OK
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Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS
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Content-Type: application/json
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{
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"name": "To Do List",
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"description": "List existing 'To Do' items, or create a new item.",
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"renders": [
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"application/json",
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"text/html"
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],
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"parses": [
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"application/json",
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"application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
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"multipart/form-data"
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],
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"actions": {
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"POST": {
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"note": {
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"type": "string",
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"required": false,
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"read_only": false,
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"label": "title",
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"max_length": 100
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}
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}
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}
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}
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</code></pre>
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<h2 id="setting-the-metadata-scheme"><a class="toclink" href="#setting-the-metadata-scheme">Setting the metadata scheme</a></h2>
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<p>You can set the metadata class globally using the <code>'DEFAULT_METADATA_CLASS'</code> settings key:</p>
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<pre><code>REST_FRAMEWORK = {
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'DEFAULT_METADATA_CLASS': 'rest_framework.metadata.SimpleMetadata'
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>Or you can set the metadata class individually for a view:</p>
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<pre><code>class APIRoot(APIView):
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metadata_class = APIRootMetadata
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def get(self, request, format=None):
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return Response({
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...
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})
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</code></pre>
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<p>The REST framework package only includes a single metadata class implementation, named <code>SimpleMetadata</code>. If you want to use an alternative style you'll need to implement a custom metadata class.</p>
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<h2 id="creating-schema-endpoints"><a class="toclink" href="#creating-schema-endpoints">Creating schema endpoints</a></h2>
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<p>If you have specific requirements for creating schema endpoints that are accessed with regular <code>GET</code> requests, you might consider re-using the metadata API for doing so.</p>
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<p>For example, the following additional route could be used on a viewset to provide a linkable schema endpoint.</p>
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<pre><code>@action(methods=['GET'], detail=False)
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def schema(self, request):
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meta = self.metadata_class()
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data = meta.determine_metadata(request, self)
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return Response(data)
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</code></pre>
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<p>There are a couple of reasons that you might choose to take this approach, including that <code>OPTIONS</code> responses <a href="https://www.mnot.net/blog/2012/10/29/NO_OPTIONS">are not cacheable</a>.</p>
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<hr />
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<h1 id="custom-metadata-classes"><a class="toclink" href="#custom-metadata-classes">Custom metadata classes</a></h1>
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<p>If you want to provide a custom metadata class you should override <code>BaseMetadata</code> and implement the <code>determine_metadata(self, request, view)</code> method.</p>
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<p>Useful things that you might want to do could include returning schema information, using a format such as <a href="http://json-schema.org/">JSON schema</a>, or returning debug information to admin users.</p>
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<h2 id="example"><a class="toclink" href="#example">Example</a></h2>
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<p>The following class could be used to limit the information that is returned to <code>OPTIONS</code> requests.</p>
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<pre><code>class MinimalMetadata(BaseMetadata):
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"""
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Don't include field and other information for `OPTIONS` requests.
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Just return the name and description.
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"""
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def determine_metadata(self, request, view):
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return {
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'name': view.get_view_name(),
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'description': view.get_view_description()
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>Then configure your settings to use this custom class:</p>
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<pre><code>REST_FRAMEWORK = {
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'DEFAULT_METADATA_CLASS': 'myproject.apps.core.MinimalMetadata'
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}
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</code></pre>
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<h1 id="third-party-packages"><a class="toclink" href="#third-party-packages">Third party packages</a></h1>
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<p>The following third party packages provide additional metadata implementations.</p>
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<h2 id="drf-schema-adapter"><a class="toclink" href="#drf-schema-adapter">DRF-schema-adapter</a></h2>
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<p><a href="https://github.com/drf-forms/drf-schema-adapter">drf-schema-adapter</a> is a set of tools that makes it easier to provide schema information to frontend frameworks and libraries. It provides a metadata mixin as well as 2 metadata classes and several adapters suitable to generate <a href="http://json-schema.org/">json-schema</a> as well as schema information readable by various libraries.</p>
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<p>You can also write your own adapter to work with your specific frontend.
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If you wish to do so, it also provides an exporter that can export those schema information to json files.</p>
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