django-rest-framework/djangorestframework/views.py
2012-02-23 22:47:45 +02:00

288 lines
9.6 KiB
Python

"""
The :mod:`views` module provides the Views you will most probably
be subclassing in your implementation.
By setting or modifying class attributes on your view, you change it's predefined behaviour.
"""
import re
from django.core.urlresolvers import set_script_prefix, get_script_prefix
from django.utils.html import escape
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
from djangorestframework.compat import View as DjangoView, apply_markdown
from djangorestframework.response import ImmediateResponse
from djangorestframework.mixins import *
from djangorestframework.utils import allowed_methods
from djangorestframework import resources, renderers, parsers, authentication, permissions, status
__all__ = (
'View',
'ModelView',
'InstanceModelView',
'ListModelView',
'ListOrCreateModelView'
)
def _remove_trailing_string(content, trailing):
"""
Strip trailing component `trailing` from `content` if it exists.
Used when generating names from view/resource classes.
"""
if content.endswith(trailing) and content != trailing:
return content[:-len(trailing)]
return content
def _remove_leading_indent(content):
"""
Remove leading indent from a block of text.
Used when generating descriptions from docstrings.
"""
whitespace_counts = [len(line) - len(line.lstrip(' '))
for line in content.splitlines()[1:] if line.lstrip()]
# unindent the content if needed
if whitespace_counts:
whitespace_pattern = '^' + (' ' * min(whitespace_counts))
return re.sub(re.compile(whitespace_pattern, re.MULTILINE), '', content)
return content
def _camelcase_to_spaces(content):
"""
Translate 'CamelCaseNames' to 'Camel Case Names'.
Used when generating names from view/resource classes.
"""
camelcase_boundry = '(((?<=[a-z])[A-Z])|([A-Z](?![A-Z]|$)))'
return re.sub(camelcase_boundry, ' \\1', content).strip()
_resource_classes = (
None,
resources.Resource,
resources.FormResource,
resources.ModelResource
)
class View(ResourceMixin, RequestMixin, ResponseMixin, PermissionsMixin, DjangoView):
"""
Handles incoming requests and maps them to REST operations.
Performs request deserialization, response serialization, authentication and input validation.
"""
resource = None
"""
The resource to use when validating requests and filtering responses,
or `None` to use default behaviour.
"""
renderer_classes = renderers.DEFAULT_RENDERERS
"""
List of renderer classes the resource can serialize the response with, ordered by preference.
"""
parser_classes = parsers.DEFAULT_PARSERS
"""
List of parser classes the resource can parse the request with.
"""
authentication_classes = (authentication.UserLoggedInAuthentication,
authentication.BasicAuthentication)
"""
List of all authenticating methods to attempt.
"""
permissions_classes = (permissions.FullAnonAccess,)
"""
List of all permissions that must be checked.
"""
@classmethod
def as_view(cls, **initkwargs):
"""
Override the default :meth:`as_view` to store an instance of the view
as an attribute on the callable function. This allows us to discover
information about the view when we do URL reverse lookups.
"""
view = super(View, cls).as_view(**initkwargs)
view.cls_instance = cls(**initkwargs)
return view
@property
def allowed_methods(self):
"""
Return the list of allowed HTTP methods, uppercased.
"""
return allowed_methods(self)
def get_name(self):
"""
Return the resource or view class name for use as this view's name.
Override to customize.
"""
# If this view has a resource that's been overridden, then use that resource for the name
if getattr(self, 'resource', None) not in _resource_classes:
name = self.resource.__name__
name = _remove_trailing_string(name, 'Resource')
name += getattr(self, '_suffix', '')
# If it's a view class with no resource then grok the name from the class name
else:
name = self.__class__.__name__
name = _remove_trailing_string(name, 'View')
return _camelcase_to_spaces(name)
def get_description(self, html=False):
"""
Return the resource or view docstring for use as this view's description.
Override to customize.
"""
description = None
# If this view has a resource that's been overridden,
# then try to use the resource's docstring
if getattr(self, 'resource', None) not in _resource_classes:
description = self.resource.__doc__
# Otherwise use the view docstring
if not description:
description = self.__doc__ or ''
description = _remove_leading_indent(description)
if html:
return self.markup_description(description)
return description
def markup_description(self, description):
"""
Apply HTML markup to the description of this view.
"""
if apply_markdown:
description = apply_markdown(description)
else:
description = escape(description).replace('\n', '<br />')
return mark_safe(description)
def http_method_not_allowed(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Return an HTTP 405 error if an operation is called which does not have
a handler method.
"""
content = {
'detail': "Method '%s' not allowed on this resource." % request.method
}
raise ImmediateResponse(content, status.HTTP_405_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED)
def initial(self, request, *args, **kargs):
"""
Returns an `HttpRequest`. This method is a hook for any code that needs to run
prior to anything else.
Required if you want to do things like set `request.upload_handlers` before
the authentication and dispatch handling is run.
"""
pass
def final(self, request, response, *args, **kargs):
"""
Returns an `HttpResponse`. This method is a hook for any code that needs to run
after everything else in the view.
"""
# Always add these headers.
response['Allow'] = ', '.join(allowed_methods(self))
# sample to allow caching using Vary http header
response['Vary'] = 'Authenticate, Accept'
return response
# Note: session based authentication is explicitly CSRF validated,
# all other authentication is CSRF exempt.
@csrf_exempt
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
self.request = request = self.create_request(request)
self.args = args
self.kwargs = kwargs
try:
self.initial(request, *args, **kwargs)
# check that user has the relevant permissions
self.check_permissions(request.user)
# Get the appropriate handler method
if request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names:
handler = getattr(self, request.method.lower(), self.http_method_not_allowed)
else:
handler = self.http_method_not_allowed
# TODO: should we enforce HttpResponse, like Django does ?
response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
# Prepare response for the response cycle.
self.response = response = self.prepare_response(response)
# Pre-serialize filtering (eg filter complex objects into natively serializable types)
# TODO: ugly hack to handle both HttpResponse and Response.
if hasattr(response, 'raw_content'):
response.raw_content = self.filter_response(response.raw_content)
else:
response.content = self.filter_response(response.content)
except ImmediateResponse, response:
# Prepare response for the response cycle.
self.response = response = self.prepare_response(response)
# `final` is the last opportunity to temper with the response, or even
# completely replace it.
return self.final(request, response, *args, **kwargs)
def options(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
content = {
'name': self.get_name(),
'description': self.get_description(),
'renders': self._rendered_media_types,
'parses': self._parsed_media_types,
}
form = self.get_bound_form()
if form is not None:
field_name_types = {}
for name, field in form.fields.iteritems():
field_name_types[name] = field.__class__.__name__
content['fields'] = field_name_types
raise ImmediateResponse(content, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
class ModelView(View):
"""
A RESTful view that maps to a model in the database.
"""
resource = resources.ModelResource
class InstanceModelView(InstanceMixin, ReadModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DeleteModelMixin, ModelView):
"""
A view which provides default operations for read/update/delete against a model instance.
"""
_suffix = 'Instance'
class ListModelView(ListModelMixin, ModelView):
"""
A view which provides default operations for list, against a model in the database.
"""
_suffix = 'List'
class ListOrCreateModelView(ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin, ModelView):
"""
A view which provides default operations for list and create, against a model in the database.
"""
_suffix = 'List'