mirror of
https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework.git
synced 2024-11-15 06:07:41 +03:00
554 lines
22 KiB
HTML
554 lines
22 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<html lang="en">
|
|
|
|
<head>
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
|
|
<meta charset="utf-8">
|
|
<title>Format suffixes - Django REST framework</title>
|
|
<link href="../../img/favicon.ico" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon">
|
|
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/format-suffixes/" />
|
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
|
<meta name="description" content="Django, API, REST, Format suffixes">
|
|
<meta name="author" content="Tom Christie">
|
|
|
|
<!-- Le styles -->
|
|
<link href="../../css/prettify.css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<link href="../../css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<link href="../../css/bootstrap-responsive.css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<link href="../../css/default.css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
|
|
<!-- Le HTML5 shim, for IE6-8 support of HTML5 elements -->
|
|
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
|
|
<script src="http://html5shim.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script>
|
|
<![endif]-->
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
var _gaq = _gaq || [];
|
|
_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-18852272-2']);
|
|
_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
|
|
|
|
(function() {
|
|
var ga = document.createElement('script');
|
|
ga.type = 'text/javascript';
|
|
ga.async = true;
|
|
ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
|
|
var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
|
|
s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
|
|
})();
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
<style>
|
|
#sidebarInclude img {
|
|
margin-bottom: 10px;
|
|
}
|
|
#sidebarInclude a.promo {
|
|
color: black;
|
|
}
|
|
@media (max-width: 767px) {
|
|
div.promo {
|
|
display: none;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body onload="prettyPrint()" class="-page">
|
|
|
|
<div class="wrapper">
|
|
<div class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
|
|
<div class="navbar-inner">
|
|
<div class="container-fluid">
|
|
<a class="repo-link btn btn-primary btn-small" href="https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework/tree/master">GitHub</a>
|
|
<a class="repo-link btn btn-inverse btn-small " rel="next" href="../reverse/">
|
|
Next <i class="icon-arrow-right icon-white"></i>
|
|
</a>
|
|
<a class="repo-link btn btn-inverse btn-small " rel="prev" href="../schemas/">
|
|
<i class="icon-arrow-left icon-white"></i> Previous
|
|
</a>
|
|
<a id="search_modal_show" class="repo-link btn btn-inverse btn-small" href="#mkdocs_search_modal" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#mkdocs_search_modal"><i class="icon-search icon-white"></i> Search</a>
|
|
<a class="btn btn-navbar" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".nav-collapse">
|
|
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
|
|
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
|
|
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
|
|
</a>
|
|
<a class="brand" href="https://www.django-rest-framework.org/">Django REST framework</a>
|
|
<div class="nav-collapse collapse">
|
|
|
|
<!-- Main navigation -->
|
|
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../..">Home</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="dropdown">
|
|
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Tutorial <b class="caret"></b></a>
|
|
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../tutorial/quickstart/">Quickstart</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../tutorial/1-serialization/">1 - Serialization</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../tutorial/2-requests-and-responses/">2 - Requests and responses</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../tutorial/3-class-based-views/">3 - Class based views</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../tutorial/4-authentication-and-permissions/">4 - Authentication and permissions</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../tutorial/5-relationships-and-hyperlinked-apis/">5 - Relationships and hyperlinked APIs</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../tutorial/6-viewsets-and-routers/">6 - Viewsets and routers</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="dropdown active">
|
|
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">API Guide <b class="caret"></b></a>
|
|
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../requests/">Requests</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../responses/">Responses</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../views/">Views</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../generic-views/">Generic views</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../viewsets/">Viewsets</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../routers/">Routers</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../parsers/">Parsers</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../renderers/">Renderers</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../serializers/">Serializers</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../fields/">Serializer fields</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../relations/">Serializer relations</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../validators/">Validators</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../authentication/">Authentication</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../permissions/">Permissions</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../caching/">Caching</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../throttling/">Throttling</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../filtering/">Filtering</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../pagination/">Pagination</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../versioning/">Versioning</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../content-negotiation/">Content negotiation</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../metadata/">Metadata</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../schemas/">Schemas</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="active" >
|
|
<a href="./">Format suffixes</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../reverse/">Returning URLs</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../exceptions/">Exceptions</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../status-codes/">Status codes</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../testing/">Testing</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../settings/">Settings</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="dropdown">
|
|
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Topics <b class="caret"></b></a>
|
|
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../topics/documenting-your-api/">Documenting your API</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../topics/api-clients/">API Clients</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../topics/internationalization/">Internationalization</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../topics/ajax-csrf-cors/">AJAX, CSRF & CORS</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../topics/html-and-forms/">HTML & Forms</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../topics/browser-enhancements/">Browser Enhancements</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../topics/browsable-api/">The Browsable API</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../topics/rest-hypermedia-hateoas/">REST, Hypermedia & HATEOAS</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="dropdown">
|
|
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Community <b class="caret"></b></a>
|
|
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/tutorials-and-resources/">Tutorials and Resources</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/third-party-packages/">Third Party Packages</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/contributing/">Contributing to REST framework</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/project-management/">Project management</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/release-notes/">Release Notes</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/3.10-announcement/">3.10 Announcement</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/3.9-announcement/">3.9 Announcement</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/3.8-announcement/">3.8 Announcement</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/3.7-announcement/">3.7 Announcement</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/3.6-announcement/">3.6 Announcement</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/3.5-announcement/">3.5 Announcement</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/3.4-announcement/">3.4 Announcement</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/3.3-announcement/">3.3 Announcement</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/3.2-announcement/">3.2 Announcement</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/3.1-announcement/">3.1 Announcement</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/3.0-announcement/">3.0 Announcement</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/kickstarter-announcement/">Kickstarter Announcement</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/mozilla-grant/">Mozilla Grant</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/funding/">Funding</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li >
|
|
<a href="../../community/jobs/">Jobs</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!--/.nav-collapse -->
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="body-content">
|
|
<div class="container-fluid">
|
|
<!-- Search Modal -->
|
|
<div id="mkdocs_search_modal" class="modal hide fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
|
|
<div class="modal-header">
|
|
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button>
|
|
<h3 id="myModalLabel">Documentation search</h3>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="modal-body">
|
|
<form role="form" autocomplete="off">
|
|
<div class="form-group">
|
|
<input type="text" name="q" class="form-control" placeholder="Search..." id="mkdocs-search-query">
|
|
</div>
|
|
</form>
|
|
<div id="mkdocs-search-results"></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="modal-footer">
|
|
<button class="btn" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">Close</button>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="row-fluid">
|
|
<div class="span3">
|
|
<div id="table-of-contents">
|
|
<ul class="nav nav-list side-nav well sidebar-nav-fixed">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="main">
|
|
<a href="../../#format-suffixes">Format suffixes</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="../../#format_suffix_patterns">format_suffix_patterns</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="../../#query-parameter-formats">Query parameter formats</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a href="../../#accept-headers-vs-format-suffixes">Accept headers vs. format suffixes</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="promo">
|
|
<hr/>
|
|
<div id="sidebarInclude">
|
|
</div>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div id="main-content" class="span9">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a class="github" href="https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework/tree/master/rest_framework/urlpatterns.py">
|
|
<span class="label label-info">urlpatterns.py</span>
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h1 id="format-suffixes"><a class="toclink" href="#format-suffixes">Format suffixes</a></h1>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<p>Section 6.2.1 does not say that content negotiation should be
|
|
used all the time.</p>
|
|
<p>— Roy Fielding, <a href="http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/rest-discuss/message/5857">REST discuss mailing list</a></p>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
<p>A common pattern for Web APIs is to use filename extensions on URLs to provide an endpoint for a given media type. For example, 'http://example.com/api/users.json' to serve a JSON representation.</p>
|
|
<p>Adding format-suffix patterns to each individual entry in the URLconf for your API is error-prone and non-DRY, so REST framework provides a shortcut to adding these patterns to your URLConf.</p>
|
|
<h2 id="format_suffix_patterns"><a class="toclink" href="#format_suffix_patterns">format_suffix_patterns</a></h2>
|
|
<p><strong>Signature</strong>: format_suffix_patterns(urlpatterns, suffix_required=False, allowed=None)</p>
|
|
<p>Returns a URL pattern list which includes format suffix patterns appended to each of the URL patterns provided.</p>
|
|
<p>Arguments:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><strong>urlpatterns</strong>: Required. A URL pattern list.</li>
|
|
<li><strong>suffix_required</strong>: Optional. A boolean indicating if suffixes in the URLs should be optional or mandatory. Defaults to <code>False</code>, meaning that suffixes are optional by default.</li>
|
|
<li><strong>allowed</strong>: Optional. A list or tuple of valid format suffixes. If not provided, a wildcard format suffix pattern will be used.</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>Example:</p>
|
|
<pre><code>from rest_framework.urlpatterns import format_suffix_patterns
|
|
from blog import views
|
|
|
|
urlpatterns = [
|
|
url(r'^/$', views.apt_root),
|
|
url(r'^comments/$', views.comment_list),
|
|
url(r'^comments/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.comment_detail)
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
urlpatterns = format_suffix_patterns(urlpatterns, allowed=['json', 'html'])
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>When using <code>format_suffix_patterns</code>, you must make sure to add the <code>'format'</code> keyword argument to the corresponding views. For example:</p>
|
|
<pre><code>@api_view(['GET', 'POST'])
|
|
def comment_list(request, format=None):
|
|
# do stuff...
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>Or with class-based views:</p>
|
|
<pre><code>class CommentList(APIView):
|
|
def get(self, request, format=None):
|
|
# do stuff...
|
|
|
|
def post(self, request, format=None):
|
|
# do stuff...
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>The name of the kwarg used may be modified by using the <code>FORMAT_SUFFIX_KWARG</code> setting.</p>
|
|
<p>Also note that <code>format_suffix_patterns</code> does not support descending into <code>include</code> URL patterns.</p>
|
|
<h3 id="using-with-i18n_patterns"><a class="toclink" href="#using-with-i18n_patterns">Using with <code>i18n_patterns</code></a></h3>
|
|
<p>If using the <code>i18n_patterns</code> function provided by Django, as well as <code>format_suffix_patterns</code> you should make sure that the <code>i18n_patterns</code> function is applied as the final, or outermost function. For example:</p>
|
|
<pre><code>url patterns = [
|
|
…
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
urlpatterns = i18n_patterns(
|
|
format_suffix_patterns(urlpatterns, allowed=['json', 'html'])
|
|
)
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
<h2 id="query-parameter-formats"><a class="toclink" href="#query-parameter-formats">Query parameter formats</a></h2>
|
|
<p>An alternative to the format suffixes is to include the requested format in a query parameter. REST framework provides this option by default, and it is used in the browsable API to switch between differing available representations.</p>
|
|
<p>To select a representation using its short format, use the <code>format</code> query parameter. For example: <code>http://example.com/organizations/?format=csv</code>.</p>
|
|
<p>The name of this query parameter can be modified using the <code>URL_FORMAT_OVERRIDE</code> setting. Set the value to <code>None</code> to disable this behavior.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
<h2 id="accept-headers-vs-format-suffixes"><a class="toclink" href="#accept-headers-vs-format-suffixes">Accept headers vs. format suffixes</a></h2>
|
|
<p>There seems to be a view among some of the Web community that filename extensions are not a RESTful pattern, and that <code>HTTP Accept</code> headers should always be used instead.</p>
|
|
<p>It is actually a misconception. For example, take the following quote from Roy Fielding discussing the relative merits of query parameter media-type indicators vs. file extension media-type indicators:</p>
|
|
<p>“That's why I always prefer extensions. Neither choice has anything to do with REST.” — Roy Fielding, <a href="https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/rest-discuss/conversations/topics/14844">REST discuss mailing list</a></p>
|
|
<p>The quote does not mention Accept headers, but it does make it clear that format suffixes should be considered an acceptable pattern.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div> <!--/span-->
|
|
</div> <!--/row-->
|
|
</div> <!--/.fluid-container-->
|
|
</div> <!--/.body content-->
|
|
<div id="push"></div>
|
|
</div> <!--/.wrapper -->
|
|
|
|
<footer class="span12">
|
|
<p>Documentation built with <a href="http://www.mkdocs.org/">MkDocs</a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</footer>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Le javascript
|
|
================================================== -->
|
|
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
|
|
<script src="../../js/jquery-1.8.1-min.js"></script>
|
|
<script src="../../js/prettify-1.0.js"></script>
|
|
<script src="../../js/bootstrap-2.1.1-min.js"></script>
|
|
<script async src="https://fund.django-rest-framework.org/sidebar_include.js"></script>
|
|
<script>var base_url = '../..';</script>
|
|
<script src="../../mkdocs/js/require.js"></script>
|
|
<script src="../../js/theme.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
<script>
|
|
var shiftWindow = function() {
|
|
scrollBy(0, -50)
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
if (location.hash) shiftWindow();
|
|
window.addEventListener("hashchange", shiftWindow);
|
|
|
|
$('.dropdown-menu').on('click touchstart', function(event) {
|
|
event.stopPropagation();
|
|
});
|
|
|
|
// Dynamically force sidenav/dropdown to no higher than browser window
|
|
$('.side-nav, .dropdown-menu').css('max-height', window.innerHeight - 130);
|
|
|
|
$(function() {
|
|
$(window).resize(function() {
|
|
$('.side-nav, .dropdown-menu').css('max-height', window.innerHeight - 130);
|
|
});
|
|
});
|
|
</script>
|
|
</body>
|
|
|
|
</html> |