diff --git a/docs/images/providers/abstract_factory.png b/docs/images/providers/abstract_factory.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ede202af
Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/images/providers/abstract_factory.png differ
diff --git a/docs/main/changelog.rst b/docs/main/changelog.rst
index 757a9edd..224c7b4c 100644
--- a/docs/main/changelog.rst
+++ b/docs/main/changelog.rst
@@ -11,6 +11,13 @@ Development version
 -------------------
 - No features.
 
+3.4.0
+-----
+- Add ``AbstractCallable`` provider.
+- Add ``AbstractFactory`` provider.
+- Add ``AbstractSingleton`` provider.
+- Optimize calling of overridden providers (~15% faster).
+
 3.3.7
 -----
 - Fix minor bug related to patch of ``Configuration`` provider in version
diff --git a/docs/providers/callable.rst b/docs/providers/callable.rst
index 9497641f..df0117d1 100644
--- a/docs/providers/callable.rst
+++ b/docs/providers/callable.rst
@@ -54,8 +54,18 @@ any kind of injection.
 Delegation of :py:class:`Callable` providers is the same as 
 :py:class:`Factory` providers delegation, please follow 
 :ref:`factory_providers_delegation` section for examples (with exception 
-about using :py:class:`DelegatedCallable` instead of 
+of using :py:class:`DelegatedCallable` instead of
 :py:class:`DelegatedFactory`).
 
+Abstract callable providers
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+:py:class:`AbstractCallable` provider is a :py:class:`Callable` provider that
+must be explicitly overridden before calling.
+
+Behaviour of :py:class:`AbstractCallable` providers is the same as of
+:py:class:`AbstractFactory`, please follow :ref:`abstract_factory_providers`
+section for examples (with exception of using :py:class:`AbstractCallable`
+provider instead of :py:class:`AbstractFactory`).
 
 .. disqus::
diff --git a/docs/providers/factory.rst b/docs/providers/factory.rst
index e626f218..9b7f3904 100644
--- a/docs/providers/factory.rst
+++ b/docs/providers/factory.rst
@@ -106,5 +106,45 @@ provided type:
    :language: python
    :linenos:
 
+.. _abstract_factory_providers:
+
+Abstract factory providers
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+:py:class:`AbstractFactory` provider is a :py:class:`Factory` provider that
+must be explicitly overridden before calling.
+
+.. note::
+
+    Overriding of :py:class:`AbstractFactory` provider is possible only by
+    another :py:class:`Factory` provider.
+
+:py:class:`AbstractFactory` provider is useful when it is needed to specify
+explicitly that it only provides abstraction, but not an implementation.
+Client code must override such factories with factories that provide particular
+implementations. Otherwise, :py:class:`AbstractFactory` will raise an error
+on attempt of calling it. At the same time, :py:class:`AbstractFactory` is
+regular provider that could be injected into other providers (or used for
+any other kind of bindings) without being overridden. After
+:py:class:`AbstractFactory` provider has been overridden, its behaviour is
+identical to regular :py:class:`Factory` provider.
+
+Example:
+
+.. image:: /images/providers/abstract_factory.png
+    :width: 100%
+    :align: center
+
+Listing of ``cache.py``:
+
+.. literalinclude:: ../../examples/providers/abstract_factory/cache.py
+   :language: python
+   :linenos:
+
+Listing of ``example.py``:
+
+.. literalinclude:: ../../examples/providers/abstract_factory/example.py
+   :language: python
+   :linenos:
 
 .. disqus::
diff --git a/docs/providers/singleton.rst b/docs/providers/singleton.rst
index 0b3f00f4..ea7a84d5 100644
--- a/docs/providers/singleton.rst
+++ b/docs/providers/singleton.rst
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ any kind of injection.
 Delegation of :py:class:`Singleton` providers is the same as 
 :py:class:`Factory` providers delegation, please follow 
 :ref:`factory_providers_delegation` section for examples (with exception 
-about using :py:class:`DelegatedSingleton` instead of 
+of using :py:class:`DelegatedSingleton` instead of
 :py:class:`DelegatedFactory`).
 
 Singleton providers specialization
@@ -78,6 +78,17 @@ Specialization of :py:class:`Singleton` providers is the same as
 :py:class:`Factory` providers specialization, please follow 
 :ref:`factory_providers_specialization` section for examples.
 
+Abstract singleton providers
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+:py:class:`AbstractSingleton` provider is a :py:class:`Singleton` provider that
+must be explicitly overridden before calling.
+
+Behaviour of :py:class:`AbstractSingleton` providers is the same as of
+:py:class:`AbstractFactory`, please follow :ref:`abstract_factory_providers`
+section for examples (with exception of using :py:class:`AbstractSingleton`
+provider instead of :py:class:`AbstractFactory`).
+
 Singleton providers and multi-threading
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
diff --git a/examples/providers/abstract_factory/cache.py b/examples/providers/abstract_factory/cache.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fe499a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/providers/abstract_factory/cache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""Example hierarchy of cache clients with abstract base class."""
+
+
+class AbstractCacheClient(object):
+    """Abstract cache client."""
+
+
+class RedisCacheClient(AbstractCacheClient):
+    """Cache client implementation based on Redis."""
+
+    def __init__(self, host, port, db):
+        """Initializer."""
+        self.host = host
+        self.port = port
+        self.db = db
+
+
+class MemcacheCacheClient(AbstractCacheClient):
+    """Cache client implementation based on Memcached."""
+
+    def __init__(self, hosts, port, prefix):
+        """Initializer."""
+        self.hosts = hosts
+        self.port = port
+        self.prefix = prefix
diff --git a/examples/providers/abstract_factory/example.py b/examples/providers/abstract_factory/example.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2bad9a77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/providers/abstract_factory/example.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""`AbstractFactory` providers example."""
+
+import cache
+
+import dependency_injector.providers as providers
+
+
+# Define abstract cache client factory:
+cache_client_factory = providers.AbstractFactory(cache.AbstractCacheClient)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    # Override abstract factory with redis client factory:
+    cache_client_factory.override(providers.Factory(cache.RedisCacheClient,
+                                                    host='localhost',
+                                                    port=6379,
+                                                    db=0))
+    redis_cache = cache_client_factory()
+    print(redis_cache)  # <cache.RedisCacheClient object at 0x10975bc50>
+
+    # Override abstract factory with memcache client factory:
+    cache_client_factory.override(providers.Factory(cache.MemcacheCacheClient,
+                                                    hosts=['10.0.1.1',
+                                                           '10.0.1.2',
+                                                           '10.0.1.3'],
+                                                    port=11211,
+                                                    prefix='my_app'))
+    memcache_cache = cache_client_factory()
+    print(memcache_cache)  # <cache.MemcacheCacheClient object at 0x10975bc90>
diff --git a/src/dependency_injector/__init__.py b/src/dependency_injector/__init__.py
index 99fe0e10..78af2185 100644
--- a/src/dependency_injector/__init__.py
+++ b/src/dependency_injector/__init__.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 """Dependency injector top-level package."""
 
-__version__ = '3.3.7'
+__version__ = '3.4.0'
 """Version number that follows semantic versioning.
 
 :type: str
diff --git a/src/dependency_injector/containers.c b/src/dependency_injector/containers.c
index 0e9b81cf..419c8f90 100644
--- a/src/dependency_injector/containers.c
+++ b/src/dependency_injector/containers.c
@@ -636,9 +636,11 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_OverridingContext;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable;
+struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory;
+struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton;
@@ -646,6 +648,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton;
+struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection;
@@ -656,7 +659,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_10containers___pyx_scope_struct_3_overrid
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_10containers___pyx_scope_struct_4_copy;
 struct __pyx_opt_args_19dependency_injector_9providers_deepcopy;
 
-/* "providers.pxd":154
+/* "providers.pxd":165
  * 
  * 
  * cpdef object deepcopy(object instance, dict memo=*)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -673,17 +676,17 @@ struct __pyx_opt_args_19dependency_injector_9providers_deepcopy {
  * # Base providers
  * cdef class Provider(object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *     cdef tuple __overridden
- *     cdef int __overridden_len
+ *     cdef Provider __last_overriding
  */
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider {
   PyObject_HEAD
   struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *__pyx_vtab;
   PyObject *__pyx___overridden;
-  int __pyx___overridden_len;
+  struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *__pyx___last_overriding;
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":18
+/* "providers.pxd":17
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Object(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -696,7 +699,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":24
+/* "providers.pxd":23
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Delegate(Object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -708,7 +711,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":28
+/* "providers.pxd":27
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class ExternalDependency(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -721,7 +724,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":32
+/* "providers.pxd":31
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class OverridingContext(object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -735,7 +738,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_OverridingContext {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":38
+/* "providers.pxd":37
  * 
  * # Callable providers
  * cdef class Callable(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -752,7 +755,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":50
+/* "providers.pxd":49
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedCallable(Callable):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -764,7 +767,19 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":55
+/* "providers.pxd":53
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef class AbstractCallable(Callable):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs)
+ * 
+ */
+struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable {
+  struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable __pyx_base;
+};
+
+
+/* "providers.pxd":58
  * 
  * # Configuration providers
  * cdef class Configuration(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -779,7 +794,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":67
+/* "providers.pxd":70
  * 
  * # Factory providers
  * cdef class Factory(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -794,7 +809,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":76
+/* "providers.pxd":79
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedFactory(Factory):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -806,7 +821,19 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":81
+/* "providers.pxd":83
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef class AbstractFactory(Factory):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs)
+ * 
+ */
+struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory {
+  struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory __pyx_base;
+};
+
+
+/* "providers.pxd":88
  * 
  * # Singleton providers
  * cdef class BaseSingleton(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -819,7 +846,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":85
+/* "providers.pxd":92
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Singleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -832,7 +859,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":91
+/* "providers.pxd":98
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedSingleton(Singleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -844,7 +871,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":95
+/* "providers.pxd":102
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class ThreadSafeSingleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -858,7 +885,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":102
+/* "providers.pxd":109
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton(ThreadSafeSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -870,7 +897,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":106
+/* "providers.pxd":113
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class ThreadLocalSingleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -883,7 +910,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":112
+/* "providers.pxd":119
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton(ThreadLocalSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -895,7 +922,19 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":117
+/* "providers.pxd":123
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef class AbstractSingleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     pass
+ * 
+ */
+struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton {
+  struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton __pyx_base;
+};
+
+
+/* "providers.pxd":128
  * 
  * # Injections
  * cdef class Injection(object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -911,7 +950,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":124
+/* "providers.pxd":135
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class PositionalInjection(Injection):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -923,7 +962,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection {
 };
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":128
+/* "providers.pxd":139
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class NamedInjection(Injection):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1021,17 +1060,16 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_10containers___pyx_scope_struct_4_copy {
  * # Base providers
  * cdef class Provider(object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *     cdef tuple __overridden
- *     cdef int __overridden_len
+ *     cdef Provider __last_overriding
  */
 
 struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider {
   PyObject *(*_provide)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch);
-  PyObject *(*_call_last_overriding)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch);
 };
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":18
+/* "providers.pxd":17
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Object(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1045,7 +1083,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":24
+/* "providers.pxd":23
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Delegate(Object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1059,7 +1097,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":28
+/* "providers.pxd":27
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class ExternalDependency(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1073,7 +1111,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":38
+/* "providers.pxd":37
  * 
  * # Callable providers
  * cdef class Callable(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1087,7 +1125,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":50
+/* "providers.pxd":49
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedCallable(Callable):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1101,7 +1139,21 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":55
+/* "providers.pxd":53
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef class AbstractCallable(Callable):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs)
+ * 
+ */
+
+struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable {
+  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable __pyx_base;
+};
+static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable;
+
+
+/* "providers.pxd":58
  * 
  * # Configuration providers
  * cdef class Configuration(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1118,7 +1170,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":67
+/* "providers.pxd":70
  * 
  * # Factory providers
  * cdef class Factory(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1132,7 +1184,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":76
+/* "providers.pxd":79
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedFactory(Factory):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1146,7 +1198,21 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":81
+/* "providers.pxd":83
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef class AbstractFactory(Factory):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs)
+ * 
+ */
+
+struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory {
+  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory __pyx_base;
+};
+static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory;
+
+
+/* "providers.pxd":88
  * 
  * # Singleton providers
  * cdef class BaseSingleton(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1160,7 +1226,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":85
+/* "providers.pxd":92
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Singleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1174,7 +1240,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":91
+/* "providers.pxd":98
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedSingleton(Singleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1188,7 +1254,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":95
+/* "providers.pxd":102
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class ThreadSafeSingleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1202,7 +1268,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":102
+/* "providers.pxd":109
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton(ThreadSafeSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1216,7 +1282,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSing
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":106
+/* "providers.pxd":113
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class ThreadLocalSingleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1230,7 +1296,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton;
 
 
-/* "providers.pxd":112
+/* "providers.pxd":119
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton(ThreadLocalSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1243,6 +1309,20 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSin
 };
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton;
 
+
+/* "providers.pxd":123
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef class AbstractSingleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     pass
+ * 
+ */
+
+struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton {
+  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton __pyx_base;
+};
+static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton;
+
 /* --- Runtime support code (head) --- */
 /* Refnanny.proto */
 #ifndef CYTHON_REFNANNY
@@ -1731,9 +1811,11 @@ static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDepend
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_OverridingContext = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable = 0;
+static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory = 0;
+static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton = 0;
@@ -1741,6 +1823,7 @@ static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSing
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton = 0;
+static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection = 0;
@@ -8079,7 +8162,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_10containers_6_check_provider_ty
   return __pyx_r;
 }
 
-/* "providers.pxd":158
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  * 
  * # Inline helper functions
  * cdef inline object __get_name(NamedInjection self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8092,7 +8175,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_na
   __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
   __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__get_name", 0);
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":159
+  /* "providers.pxd":170
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@@ -8104,7 +8187,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_na
   __pyx_r = __pyx_v_self->__pyx___name;
   goto __pyx_L0;
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":158
+  /* "providers.pxd":169
  * 
  * # Inline helper functions
  * cdef inline object __get_name(NamedInjection self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8119,7 +8202,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_na
   return __pyx_r;
 }
 
-/* "providers.pxd":162
+/* "providers.pxd":173
  * 
  * 
  * cdef inline object __get_value(Injection self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8136,7 +8219,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_va
   PyObject *__pyx_t_4 = NULL;
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-  /* "providers.pxd":163
+  /* "providers.pxd":174
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@@ -8146,7 +8229,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_va
   __pyx_t_1 = ((__pyx_v_self->__pyx___call == 0) != 0);
   if (__pyx_t_1) {
 
-    /* "providers.pxd":164
+    /* "providers.pxd":175
  * cdef inline object __get_value(Injection self):
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@@ -8158,7 +8241,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_va
     __pyx_r = __pyx_v_self->__pyx___value;
     goto __pyx_L0;
 
-    /* "providers.pxd":163
+    /* "providers.pxd":174
  * 
  * cdef inline object __get_value(Injection self):
  *     if self.__call == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8167,7 +8250,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_va
  */
   }
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":165
+  /* "providers.pxd":176
  *     if self.__call == 0:
  *         return self.__value
  *     return self.__value()             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8187,10 +8270,10 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_va
     }
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+    __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_CallOneArg(__pyx_t_3, __pyx_t_4); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(1, 176, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_CallNoArg(__pyx_t_3); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(1, 165, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_CallNoArg(__pyx_t_3); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(1, 176, __pyx_L1_error)
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@@ -8198,7 +8281,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_va
   __pyx_t_2 = 0;
   goto __pyx_L0;
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":162
+  /* "providers.pxd":173
  * 
  * 
  * cdef inline object __get_value(Injection self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8219,7 +8302,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_va
   return __pyx_r;
 }
 
-/* "providers.pxd":170
+/* "providers.pxd":181
  * @cython.boundscheck(False)
  * @cython.wraparound(False)
  * cdef inline tuple __provide_positional_args(tuple args,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8240,7 +8323,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
   int __pyx_t_5;
   __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__provide_positional_args", 0);
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":177
+  /* "providers.pxd":188
  *     cdef PositionalInjection injection
  * 
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@@ -8250,7 +8333,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
   __pyx_t_1 = ((__pyx_v_inj_args_len == 0) != 0);
   if (__pyx_t_1) {
 
-    /* "providers.pxd":178
+    /* "providers.pxd":189
  * 
  *     if inj_args_len == 0:
  *         return args             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8262,7 +8345,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
     __pyx_r = __pyx_v_args;
     goto __pyx_L0;
 
-    /* "providers.pxd":177
+    /* "providers.pxd":188
  *     cdef PositionalInjection injection
  * 
  *     if inj_args_len == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8271,19 +8354,19 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
  */
   }
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":180
+  /* "providers.pxd":191
  *         return args
  * 
  *     positional_args = list()             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *     for index in range(inj_args_len):
  *         injection = <PositionalInjection>inj_args[index]
  */
-  __pyx_t_2 = PyList_New(0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(1, 180, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_2 = PyList_New(0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(1, 191, __pyx_L1_error)
   __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
   __pyx_v_positional_args = ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_2);
   __pyx_t_2 = 0;
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":181
+  /* "providers.pxd":192
  * 
  *     positional_args = list()
  *     for index in range(inj_args_len):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8294,7 +8377,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
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     __pyx_v_index = __pyx_t_4;
 
-    /* "providers.pxd":182
+    /* "providers.pxd":193
  *     positional_args = list()
  *     for index in range(inj_args_len):
  *         injection = <PositionalInjection>inj_args[index]             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8303,36 +8386,36 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
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       PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "'NoneType' object is not subscriptable");
-      __PYX_ERR(1, 182, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __PYX_ERR(1, 193, __pyx_L1_error)
     }
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     __pyx_t_2 = 0;
 
-    /* "providers.pxd":183
+    /* "providers.pxd":194
  *     for index in range(inj_args_len):
  *         injection = <PositionalInjection>inj_args[index]
  *         positional_args.append(__get_value(injection))             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *     positional_args.extend(args)
  * 
  */
-    __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_value(((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection *)__pyx_v_injection)); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(1, 183, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_value(((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection *)__pyx_v_injection)); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(1, 194, __pyx_L1_error)
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+    __pyx_t_5 = __Pyx_PyList_Append(__pyx_v_positional_args, __pyx_t_2); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_5 == -1)) __PYX_ERR(1, 194, __pyx_L1_error)
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   }
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":184
+  /* "providers.pxd":195
  *         injection = <PositionalInjection>inj_args[index]
  *         positional_args.append(__get_value(injection))
  *     positional_args.extend(args)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  * 
  *     return tuple(positional_args)
  */
-  __pyx_t_5 = __Pyx_PyList_Extend(__pyx_v_positional_args, __pyx_v_args); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_5 == -1)) __PYX_ERR(1, 184, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_5 = __Pyx_PyList_Extend(__pyx_v_positional_args, __pyx_v_args); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_5 == -1)) __PYX_ERR(1, 195, __pyx_L1_error)
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":186
+  /* "providers.pxd":197
  *     positional_args.extend(args)
  * 
  *     return tuple(positional_args)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8340,13 +8423,13 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
  * 
  */
   __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_r);
-  __pyx_t_2 = PyList_AsTuple(__pyx_v_positional_args); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(1, 186, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_2 = PyList_AsTuple(__pyx_v_positional_args); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(1, 197, __pyx_L1_error)
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   __pyx_r = ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_2);
   __pyx_t_2 = 0;
   goto __pyx_L0;
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":170
+  /* "providers.pxd":181
  * @cython.boundscheck(False)
  * @cython.wraparound(False)
  * cdef inline tuple __provide_positional_args(tuple args,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8367,7 +8450,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
   return __pyx_r;
 }
 
-/* "providers.pxd":191
+/* "providers.pxd":202
  * @cython.boundscheck(False)
  * @cython.wraparound(False)
  * cdef inline dict __provide_keyword_args(dict kwargs,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8389,7 +8472,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
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-  /* "providers.pxd":198
+  /* "providers.pxd":209
  *     cdef NamedInjection kw_injection
  * 
  *     if len(kwargs) == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8398,13 +8481,13 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
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     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "object of type 'NoneType' has no len()");
-    __PYX_ERR(1, 198, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __PYX_ERR(1, 209, __pyx_L1_error)
   }
-  __pyx_t_1 = PyDict_Size(__pyx_v_kwargs); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_1 == -1)) __PYX_ERR(1, 198, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_1 = PyDict_Size(__pyx_v_kwargs); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_1 == -1)) __PYX_ERR(1, 209, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_t_2 = ((__pyx_t_1 == 0) != 0);
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-    /* "providers.pxd":199
+    /* "providers.pxd":210
  * 
  *     if len(kwargs) == 0:
  *         for index in range(inj_kwargs_len):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8415,7 +8498,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
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       __pyx_v_index = __pyx_t_4;
 
-      /* "providers.pxd":200
+      /* "providers.pxd":211
  *     if len(kwargs) == 0:
  *         for index in range(inj_kwargs_len):
  *             kw_injection = <NamedInjection>inj_kwargs[index]             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8424,43 +8507,43 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
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         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "'NoneType' object is not subscriptable");
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+        __PYX_ERR(1, 211, __pyx_L1_error)
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       __pyx_t_5 = 0;
 
-      /* "providers.pxd":201
+      /* "providers.pxd":212
  *         for index in range(inj_kwargs_len):
  *             kw_injection = <NamedInjection>inj_kwargs[index]
  *             name = __get_name(kw_injection)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *             kwargs[name] = __get_value(kw_injection)
  *     else:
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-      __pyx_t_5 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_name(__pyx_v_kw_injection); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) __PYX_ERR(1, 201, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_t_5 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_name(__pyx_v_kw_injection); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) __PYX_ERR(1, 212, __pyx_L1_error)
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       __Pyx_XDECREF_SET(__pyx_v_name, __pyx_t_5);
       __pyx_t_5 = 0;
 
-      /* "providers.pxd":202
+      /* "providers.pxd":213
  *             kw_injection = <NamedInjection>inj_kwargs[index]
  *             name = __get_name(kw_injection)
  *             kwargs[name] = __get_value(kw_injection)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *     else:
  *         for index in range(inj_kwargs_len):
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-      __pyx_t_5 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_value(((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection *)__pyx_v_kw_injection)); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) __PYX_ERR(1, 202, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_t_5 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_value(((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection *)__pyx_v_kw_injection)); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) __PYX_ERR(1, 213, __pyx_L1_error)
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         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "'NoneType' object is not subscriptable");
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-      if (unlikely(PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_v_kwargs, __pyx_v_name, __pyx_t_5) < 0)) __PYX_ERR(1, 202, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    /* "providers.pxd":198
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  *     cdef NamedInjection kw_injection
  * 
  *     if len(kwargs) == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8470,7 +8553,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
     goto __pyx_L3;
   }
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":204
+  /* "providers.pxd":215
  *             kwargs[name] = __get_value(kw_injection)
  *     else:
  *         for index in range(inj_kwargs_len):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8482,7 +8565,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
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-      /* "providers.pxd":205
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  *     else:
  *         for index in range(inj_kwargs_len):
  *             kw_injection = <NamedInjection>inj_kwargs[index]             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8491,26 +8574,26 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
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         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "'NoneType' object is not subscriptable");
-        __PYX_ERR(1, 205, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __PYX_ERR(1, 216, __pyx_L1_error)
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-      /* "providers.pxd":206
+      /* "providers.pxd":217
  *         for index in range(inj_kwargs_len):
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  *             name = __get_name(kw_injection)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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  *                 kwargs[name] = __get_value(kw_injection)
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-      __pyx_t_5 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_name(__pyx_v_kw_injection); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) __PYX_ERR(1, 206, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_t_5 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_name(__pyx_v_kw_injection); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) __PYX_ERR(1, 217, __pyx_L1_error)
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-      /* "providers.pxd":207
+      /* "providers.pxd":218
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-        /* "providers.pxd":208
+        /* "providers.pxd":219
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+        __pyx_t_5 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_value(((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection *)__pyx_v_kw_injection)); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) __PYX_ERR(1, 219, __pyx_L1_error)
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-        if (unlikely(PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_v_kwargs, __pyx_v_name, __pyx_t_5) < 0)) __PYX_ERR(1, 208, __pyx_L1_error)
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-        /* "providers.pxd":207
+        /* "providers.pxd":218
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@@ -8553,7 +8636,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
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-  /* "providers.pxd":210
+  /* "providers.pxd":221
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@@ -8565,7 +8648,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
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-  /* "providers.pxd":191
+  /* "providers.pxd":202
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   return __pyx_r;
 }
 
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-  /* "providers.pxd":219
+  /* "providers.pxd":230
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@@ -8617,7 +8700,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___inject
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-    /* "providers.pxd":220
+    /* "providers.pxd":231
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@@ -8626,46 +8709,46 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___inject
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-    /* "providers.pxd":222
+    /* "providers.pxd":233
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-    /* "providers.pxd":223
+    /* "providers.pxd":234
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+    __pyx_t_4 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_value(((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection *)__pyx_v_attr_injection)); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_4)) __PYX_ERR(1, 234, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    /* "providers.pxd":221
+    /* "providers.pxd":232
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+    __pyx_t_5 = PyObject_SetAttr(__pyx_v_instance, __pyx_t_3, __pyx_t_4); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_5 == -1)) __PYX_ERR(1, 232, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "providers.pxd":215
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   return __pyx_r;
 }
 
-/* "providers.pxd":226
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  * 
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@@ -8705,7 +8788,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___callab
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-  /* "providers.pxd":231
+  /* "providers.pxd":242
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@@ -8715,20 +8798,20 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___callab
   __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_v_self->__pyx___args;
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-  /* "providers.pxd":230
+  /* "providers.pxd":241
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  *     positional_args = __provide_positional_args(args,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-  __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provide_positional_args(__pyx_v_args, ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_1), __pyx_v_self->__pyx___args_len); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(1, 230, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provide_positional_args(__pyx_v_args, ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_1), __pyx_v_self->__pyx___args_len); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(1, 241, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "providers.pxd":234
+  /* "providers.pxd":245
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  *     keyword_args = __provide_keyword_args(kwargs,
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@@ -8738,20 +8821,20 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___callab
   __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_v_self->__pyx___kwargs;
   __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_2);
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":233
+  /* "providers.pxd":244
  *                                                 self.__args,
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  *     keyword_args = __provide_keyword_args(kwargs,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-  __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provide_keyword_args(__pyx_v_kwargs, ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_2), __pyx_v_self->__pyx___kwargs_len); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(1, 233, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provide_keyword_args(__pyx_v_kwargs, ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_2), __pyx_v_self->__pyx___kwargs_len); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(1, 244, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "providers.pxd":237
+  /* "providers.pxd":248
  *                                             self.__kwargs_len)
  * 
  *     return self.__provides(*positional_args, **keyword_args)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8761,19 +8844,19 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___callab
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     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "'NoneType' object is not iterable");
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     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "argument after ** must be a mapping, not NoneType");
-    __PYX_ERR(1, 237, __pyx_L1_error)
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+  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_v_self->__pyx___provides, __pyx_v_positional_args, __pyx_v_keyword_args); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(1, 248, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "providers.pxd":226
+  /* "providers.pxd":237
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  * 
  * cdef inline object __callable_call(Callable self, tuple args, dict kwargs):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8795,7 +8878,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___callab
   return __pyx_r;
 }
 
-/* "providers.pxd":240
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  * 
  * 
  * cdef inline object __factory_call(Factory self, tuple args, dict kwargs):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8812,7 +8895,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___factor
   int __pyx_t_3;
   __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__factory_call", 0);
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":243
+  /* "providers.pxd":254
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  *     instance = __callable_call(self.__instantiator, args, kwargs)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8821,13 +8904,13 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___factor
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   __pyx_t_1 = ((PyObject *)__pyx_v_self->__pyx___instantiator);
   __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_1);
-  __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___callable_call(((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable *)__pyx_t_1), __pyx_v_args, __pyx_v_kwargs); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(1, 243, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___callable_call(((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable *)__pyx_t_1), __pyx_v_args, __pyx_v_kwargs); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(1, 254, __pyx_L1_error)
   __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
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-  /* "providers.pxd":245
+  /* "providers.pxd":256
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  *     if self.__attributes_len > 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8837,7 +8920,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___factor
   __pyx_t_3 = ((__pyx_v_self->__pyx___attributes_len > 0) != 0);
   if (__pyx_t_3) {
 
-    /* "providers.pxd":247
+    /* "providers.pxd":258
  *     if self.__attributes_len > 0:
  *         __inject_attributes(instance,
  *                             self.__attributes,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8847,19 +8930,19 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___factor
     __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_v_self->__pyx___attributes;
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-    /* "providers.pxd":246
+    /* "providers.pxd":257
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  *     if self.__attributes_len > 0:
  *         __inject_attributes(instance,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *                             self.__attributes,
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-    __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___inject_attributes(__pyx_v_instance, ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_2), __pyx_v_self->__pyx___attributes_len); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(1, 246, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___inject_attributes(__pyx_v_instance, ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_2), __pyx_v_self->__pyx___attributes_len); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(1, 257, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    /* "providers.pxd":245
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  *     if self.__attributes_len > 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8868,7 +8951,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___factor
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-  /* "providers.pxd":250
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-  /* "providers.pxd":240
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  * 
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+  __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection = __Pyx_ImportType("dependency_injector.providers", "Injection", sizeof(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection), 1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection)) __PYX_ERR(1, 128, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection = __Pyx_ImportType("dependency_injector.providers", "PositionalInjection", sizeof(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection), 1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection)) __PYX_ERR(1, 135, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection = __Pyx_ImportType("dependency_injector.providers", "NamedInjection", sizeof(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection), 1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection)) __PYX_ERR(1, 139, __pyx_L1_error)
   /*--- Variable import code ---*/
   __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_ImportModule("dependency_injector.providers"); if (!__pyx_t_1) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
   if (__Pyx_ImportVoidPtr(__pyx_t_1, "CLASS_TYPES", (void **)&__pyx_vp_19dependency_injector_9providers_CLASS_TYPES, "PyObject *") < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
@@ -10558,7 +10647,7 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_containers(void)
   if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_test, __pyx_t_4) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
   __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_4); __pyx_t_4 = 0;
 
-  /* "providers.pxd":240
+  /* "providers.pxd":251
  * 
  * 
  * cdef inline object __factory_call(Factory self, tuple args, dict kwargs):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
diff --git a/src/dependency_injector/providers.c b/src/dependency_injector/providers.c
index ba6c07f5..c2269e1a 100644
--- a/src/dependency_injector/providers.c
+++ b/src/dependency_injector/providers.c
@@ -636,9 +636,11 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_OverridingContext;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable;
+struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory;
+struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton;
@@ -646,12 +648,13 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton;
+struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection;
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection;
 struct __pyx_opt_args_19dependency_injector_9providers_deepcopy;
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":154
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":165
  * 
  * 
  * cpdef object deepcopy(object instance, dict memo=*)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -668,17 +671,17 @@ struct __pyx_opt_args_19dependency_injector_9providers_deepcopy {
  * # Base providers
  * cdef class Provider(object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *     cdef tuple __overridden
- *     cdef int __overridden_len
+ *     cdef Provider __last_overriding
  */
 struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider {
   PyObject_HEAD
   struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *__pyx_vtab;
   PyObject *__pyx___overridden;
-  int __pyx___overridden_len;
+  struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *__pyx___last_overriding;
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":18
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":17
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Object(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -691,7 +694,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":24
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":23
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Delegate(Object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -703,7 +706,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":28
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":27
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class ExternalDependency(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -716,7 +719,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":32
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":31
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class OverridingContext(object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -730,7 +733,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_OverridingContext {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":38
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":37
  * 
  * # Callable providers
  * cdef class Callable(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -747,7 +750,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":50
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":49
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedCallable(Callable):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -759,7 +762,19 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":55
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":53
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef class AbstractCallable(Callable):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs)
+ * 
+ */
+struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable {
+  struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable __pyx_base;
+};
+
+
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":58
  * 
  * # Configuration providers
  * cdef class Configuration(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -774,7 +789,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":67
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":70
  * 
  * # Factory providers
  * cdef class Factory(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -789,7 +804,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":76
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":79
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedFactory(Factory):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -801,7 +816,19 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":81
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":83
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef class AbstractFactory(Factory):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs)
+ * 
+ */
+struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory {
+  struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory __pyx_base;
+};
+
+
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":88
  * 
  * # Singleton providers
  * cdef class BaseSingleton(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -814,7 +841,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":85
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":92
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Singleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -827,7 +854,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":91
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":98
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedSingleton(Singleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -839,7 +866,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":95
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":102
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class ThreadSafeSingleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -853,7 +880,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":102
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":109
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton(ThreadSafeSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -865,7 +892,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":106
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":113
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class ThreadLocalSingleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -878,7 +905,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":112
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":119
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton(ThreadLocalSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -890,7 +917,19 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":117
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":123
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef class AbstractSingleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     pass
+ * 
+ */
+struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton {
+  struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton __pyx_base;
+};
+
+
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":128
  * 
  * # Injections
  * cdef class Injection(object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -906,7 +945,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":124
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":135
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class PositionalInjection(Injection):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -918,7 +957,7 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection {
 };
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":128
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":139
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class NamedInjection(Injection):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -942,12 +981,11 @@ struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection {
 
 struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider {
   PyObject *(*_provide)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch);
-  PyObject *(*_call_last_overriding)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch);
 };
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":201
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":195
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Object(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -961,7 +999,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":261
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":255
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Delegate(Object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -975,7 +1013,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":280
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":274
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class ExternalDependency(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -989,7 +1027,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":412
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":406
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Callable(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1003,7 +1041,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":593
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":587
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedCallable(Callable):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1017,7 +1055,21 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":602
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":596
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef class AbstractCallable(Callable):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     """Abstract callable provider.
+ * 
+ */
+
+struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable {
+  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable __pyx_base;
+};
+static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable;
+
+
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":637
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Configuration(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1034,7 +1086,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":722
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":757
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Factory(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1048,7 +1100,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":955
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":990
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedFactory(Factory):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1062,9 +1114,23 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":976
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1011
  * 
  * 
+ * cdef class AbstractFactory(Factory):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     """Abstract factory provider.
+ * 
+ */
+
+struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory {
+  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory __pyx_base;
+};
+static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory;
+
+
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1051
+ *                                   'to overriding provider')
+ * 
  * cdef class BaseSingleton(Provider):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *     """Base class of singleton providers."""
  * 
@@ -1076,7 +1142,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1150
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1225
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class Singleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1090,7 +1156,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1211
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1286
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedSingleton(Singleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1104,7 +1170,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1232
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1307
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class ThreadSafeSingleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1118,7 +1184,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1267
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1342
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton(ThreadSafeSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1132,7 +1198,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSing
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1288
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1363
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class ThreadLocalSingleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1146,7 +1212,7 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton {
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton;
 
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1341
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1416
  * 
  * 
  * cdef class DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton(ThreadLocalSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1159,6 +1225,20 @@ struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSin
 };
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton;
 
+
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1437
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef class AbstractSingleton(BaseSingleton):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     """Abstract singleton provider.
+ * 
+ */
+
+struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton {
+  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton __pyx_base;
+};
+static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton;
+
 /* --- Runtime support code (head) --- */
 /* Refnanny.proto */
 #ifndef CYTHON_REFNANNY
@@ -1327,6 +1407,9 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_ErrFetchInState(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject
 /* RaiseException.proto */
 static void __Pyx_Raise(PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb, PyObject *cause);
 
+/* ExtTypeTest.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_TypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type);
+
 /* SliceTupleAndList.proto */
 #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
 static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyList_GetSlice(PyObject* src, Py_ssize_t start, Py_ssize_t stop);
@@ -1336,6 +1419,55 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyTuple_GetSlice(PyObject* src, Py_ssize_t
 #define __Pyx_PyTuple_GetSlice(seq, start, stop)  PySequence_GetSlice(seq, start, stop)
 #endif
 
+/* GetItemInt.proto */
+#define __Pyx_GetItemInt(o, i, type, is_signed, to_py_func, is_list, wraparound, boundscheck)\
+    (__Pyx_fits_Py_ssize_t(i, type, is_signed) ?\
+    __Pyx_GetItemInt_Fast(o, (Py_ssize_t)i, is_list, wraparound, boundscheck) :\
+    (is_list ? (PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError, "list index out of range"), (PyObject*)NULL) :\
+               __Pyx_GetItemInt_Generic(o, to_py_func(i))))
+#define __Pyx_GetItemInt_List(o, i, type, is_signed, to_py_func, is_list, wraparound, boundscheck)\
+    (__Pyx_fits_Py_ssize_t(i, type, is_signed) ?\
+    __Pyx_GetItemInt_List_Fast(o, (Py_ssize_t)i, wraparound, boundscheck) :\
+    (PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError, "list index out of range"), (PyObject*)NULL))
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_GetItemInt_List_Fast(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t i,
+                                                              int wraparound, int boundscheck);
+#define __Pyx_GetItemInt_Tuple(o, i, type, is_signed, to_py_func, is_list, wraparound, boundscheck)\
+    (__Pyx_fits_Py_ssize_t(i, type, is_signed) ?\
+    __Pyx_GetItemInt_Tuple_Fast(o, (Py_ssize_t)i, wraparound, boundscheck) :\
+    (PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError, "tuple index out of range"), (PyObject*)NULL))
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_GetItemInt_Tuple_Fast(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t i,
+                                                              int wraparound, int boundscheck);
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_GetItemInt_Generic(PyObject *o, PyObject* j);
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_GetItemInt_Fast(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t i,
+                                                     int is_list, int wraparound, int boundscheck);
+
+/* SaveResetException.proto */
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+#define __Pyx_ExceptionSave(type, value, tb)  __Pyx__ExceptionSave(__pyx_tstate, type, value, tb)
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx__ExceptionSave(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb);
+#define __Pyx_ExceptionReset(type, value, tb)  __Pyx__ExceptionReset(__pyx_tstate, type, value, tb)
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx__ExceptionReset(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb);
+#else
+#define __Pyx_ExceptionSave(type, value, tb)   PyErr_GetExcInfo(type, value, tb)
+#define __Pyx_ExceptionReset(type, value, tb)  PyErr_SetExcInfo(type, value, tb)
+#endif
+
+/* PyErrExceptionMatches.proto */
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+#define __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatches(err) __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatchesInState(__pyx_tstate, err)
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatchesInState(PyThreadState* tstate, PyObject* err);
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatches(err)  PyErr_ExceptionMatches(err)
+#endif
+
+/* GetException.proto */
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+#define __Pyx_GetException(type, value, tb)  __Pyx__GetException(__pyx_tstate, type, value, tb)
+static int __Pyx__GetException(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb);
+#else
+static int __Pyx_GetException(PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb);
+#endif
+
 /* ArgTypeTest.proto */
 static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_ArgTypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type, int none_allowed,
     const char *name, int exact);
@@ -1365,31 +1497,6 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_ArgTypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type, in
 static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyBytes_Join(PyObject* sep, PyObject* values);
 #endif
 
-/* GetItemInt.proto */
-#define __Pyx_GetItemInt(o, i, type, is_signed, to_py_func, is_list, wraparound, boundscheck)\
-    (__Pyx_fits_Py_ssize_t(i, type, is_signed) ?\
-    __Pyx_GetItemInt_Fast(o, (Py_ssize_t)i, is_list, wraparound, boundscheck) :\
-    (is_list ? (PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError, "list index out of range"), (PyObject*)NULL) :\
-               __Pyx_GetItemInt_Generic(o, to_py_func(i))))
-#define __Pyx_GetItemInt_List(o, i, type, is_signed, to_py_func, is_list, wraparound, boundscheck)\
-    (__Pyx_fits_Py_ssize_t(i, type, is_signed) ?\
-    __Pyx_GetItemInt_List_Fast(o, (Py_ssize_t)i, wraparound, boundscheck) :\
-    (PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError, "list index out of range"), (PyObject*)NULL))
-static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_GetItemInt_List_Fast(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t i,
-                                                              int wraparound, int boundscheck);
-#define __Pyx_GetItemInt_Tuple(o, i, type, is_signed, to_py_func, is_list, wraparound, boundscheck)\
-    (__Pyx_fits_Py_ssize_t(i, type, is_signed) ?\
-    __Pyx_GetItemInt_Tuple_Fast(o, (Py_ssize_t)i, wraparound, boundscheck) :\
-    (PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError, "tuple index out of range"), (PyObject*)NULL))
-static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_GetItemInt_Tuple_Fast(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t i,
-                                                              int wraparound, int boundscheck);
-static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_GetItemInt_Generic(PyObject *o, PyObject* j);
-static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_GetItemInt_Fast(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t i,
-                                                     int is_list, int wraparound, int boundscheck);
-
-/* ExtTypeTest.proto */
-static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_TypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type);
-
 /* ListAppend.proto */
 #if CYTHON_USE_PYLIST_INTERNALS && CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS
 static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyList_Append(PyObject* list, PyObject* x) {
@@ -1450,25 +1557,6 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_LookupSpecial(PyObject* obj, PyObj
 #define __Pyx_PyObject_LookupSpecial(o,n) __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(o,n)
 #endif
 
-/* SaveResetException.proto */
-#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
-#define __Pyx_ExceptionSave(type, value, tb)  __Pyx__ExceptionSave(__pyx_tstate, type, value, tb)
-static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx__ExceptionSave(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb);
-#define __Pyx_ExceptionReset(type, value, tb)  __Pyx__ExceptionReset(__pyx_tstate, type, value, tb)
-static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx__ExceptionReset(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb);
-#else
-#define __Pyx_ExceptionSave(type, value, tb)   PyErr_GetExcInfo(type, value, tb)
-#define __Pyx_ExceptionReset(type, value, tb)  PyErr_SetExcInfo(type, value, tb)
-#endif
-
-/* GetException.proto */
-#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
-#define __Pyx_GetException(type, value, tb)  __Pyx__GetException(__pyx_tstate, type, value, tb)
-static int __Pyx__GetException(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb);
-#else
-static int __Pyx_GetException(PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb);
-#endif
-
 /* PyObjectSetAttrStr.proto */
 #if CYTHON_USE_TYPE_SLOTS
 #define __Pyx_PyObject_DelAttrStr(o,n) __Pyx_PyObject_SetAttrStr(o,n,NULL)
@@ -1487,14 +1575,6 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyObject_SetAttrStr(PyObject* obj, PyObject* attr
 #define __Pyx_PyObject_SetAttrStr(o,n,v) PyObject_SetAttr(o,n,v)
 #endif
 
-/* PyErrExceptionMatches.proto */
-#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
-#define __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatches(err) __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatchesInState(__pyx_tstate, err)
-static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatchesInState(PyThreadState* tstate, PyObject* err);
-#else
-#define __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatches(err)  PyErr_ExceptionMatches(err)
-#endif
-
 /* SwapException.proto */
 #if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
 #define __Pyx_ExceptionSwap(type, value, tb)  __Pyx__ExceptionSwap(__pyx_tstate, type, value, tb)
@@ -1693,14 +1773,15 @@ static int __Pyx_ExportFunction(const char *name, void (*f)(void), const char *s
 static int __Pyx_InitStrings(__Pyx_StringTabEntry *t);
 
 static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider__provide(CYTHON_UNUSED struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *__pyx_v_self, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_v_args, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
-static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider__call_last_overriding(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_6Object__provide(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object *__pyx_v_self, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_v_args, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable__provide(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
+static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable__provide(CYTHON_UNUSED struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable *__pyx_v_self, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_v_args, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration_get_name(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration *__pyx_v_self, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration_update(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_value, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration__provide(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration *__pyx_v_self, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_v_args, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration__get_child_name(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_child_name, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory__provide(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
+static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory__provide(CYTHON_UNUSED struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory *__pyx_v_self, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_v_args, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_9Singleton__provide(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_19ThreadSafeSingleton__provide(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_20ThreadLocalSingleton__provide(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
@@ -1715,9 +1796,11 @@ static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDepend
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_OverridingContext = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable = 0;
+static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory = 0;
+static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton = 0;
@@ -1725,6 +1808,7 @@ static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSing
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton = 0;
+static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection = 0;
 static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection = 0;
@@ -1750,12 +1834,13 @@ int __pyx_module_is_main_dependency_injector__providers = 0;
 static PyObject *__pyx_builtin_range;
 static PyObject *__pyx_builtin_super;
 static PyObject *__pyx_builtin_id;
+static PyObject *__pyx_builtin_IndexError;
 static PyObject *__pyx_builtin_NotImplementedError;
 static PyObject *__pyx_builtin_AttributeError;
 static PyObject *__pyx_builtin_hex;
 static const char __pyx_k__2[] = ".";
-static const char __pyx_k__3[] = "__";
-static const char __pyx_k__4[] = "";
+static const char __pyx_k__4[] = "__";
+static const char __pyx_k__5[] = "";
 static const char __pyx_k_id[] = "id";
 static const char __pyx_k_cls[] = "cls";
 static const char __pyx_k_get[] = "get";
@@ -1779,6 +1864,7 @@ static const char __pyx_k_enter[] = "__enter__";
 static const char __pyx_k_items[] = "items";
 static const char __pyx_k_local[] = "local";
 static const char __pyx_k_range[] = "range";
+static const char __pyx_k_reset[] = "reset";
 static const char __pyx_k_super[] = "super";
 static const char __pyx_k_types[] = "types";
 static const char __pyx_k_value[] = "value";
@@ -1806,6 +1892,7 @@ static const char __pyx_k_pyx_capi[] = "__pyx_capi__";
 static const char __pyx_k_set_args[] = "set_args";
 static const char __pyx_k_ClassType[] = "ClassType";
 static const char __pyx_k_threading[] = "threading";
+static const char __pyx_k_IndexError[] = "IndexError";
 static const char __pyx_k_MethodType[] = "MethodType";
 static const char __pyx_k_add_kwargs[] = "add_kwargs";
 static const char __pyx_k_attributes[] = "attributes";
@@ -1832,20 +1919,25 @@ static const char __pyx_k_set_attributes[] = "set_attributes";
 static const char __pyx_k_clear_attributes[] = "clear_attributes";
 static const char __pyx_k_deepcopy_dispatch[] = "_deepcopy_dispatch";
 static const char __pyx_k_NotImplementedError[] = "NotImplementedError";
-static const char __pyx_k_call_last_overriding[] = "_call_last_overriding";
 static const char __pyx_k_reset_last_overriding[] = "reset_last_overriding";
 static const char __pyx_k_Dependency_is_not_defined[] = "Dependency is not defined";
 static const char __pyx_k_Provider_0_is_not_overridden[] = "Provider {0} is not overridden";
 static const char __pyx_k_provider_provides_at_address[] = "<{provider}({provides}) at {address}>";
 static const char __pyx_k_dependency_injector_providers[] = "dependency_injector.providers";
 static const char __pyx_k_0_can_provide_only_1_instances[] = "{0} can provide only {1} instances";
+static const char __pyx_k_0_must_be_overridden_only_by_1[] = "{0} must be overridden only by {1} providers";
+static const char __pyx_k_0_must_be_overridden_before_cal[] = "{0} must be overridden before calling";
 static const char __pyx_k_cls_object_has_no_attribute_att[] = "'{cls}' object has no attribute '{attribute_name}'";
+static const char __pyx_k_Abstract_provider_forward_provid[] = "Abstract provider forward providing logic to overriding provider";
 static const char __pyx_k_Dependency_injector_providers_Po[] = "Dependency injector providers.\n\nPowered by Cython.\n";
 static const char __pyx_k_Expected_provider_instance_got_0[] = "Expected provider instance, got {0}";
 static const char __pyx_k_Provider_0_could_not_be_overridd[] = "Provider {0} could not be overridden with itself";
 static const char __pyx_k_Provider_0_expected_to_get_calla[] = "Provider {0} expected to get callable, got {0}";
 static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_0_can_provide_only_1_instances;
 static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_0_is_not_an;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_0_must_be_overridden_before_cal;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_0_must_be_overridden_only_by_1;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_Abstract_provider_forward_provid;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_AttributeError;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_CLASS_TYPES;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_ClassType;
@@ -1855,6 +1947,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_Expected_provider_instance_got_0;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_GLOBAL_LOCK;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_IS_DELEGATED;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_IS_PROVIDER;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_IndexError;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_MethodType;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_NotImplementedError;
 static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_Provider_0_could_not_be_overridd;
@@ -1862,8 +1955,8 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_Provider_0_expected_to_get_calla;
 static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_Provider_0_is_not_overridden;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_RLock;
 static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s__2;
-static PyObject *__pyx_n_s__3;
-static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s__4;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s__4;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s__5;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_add_args;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_add_attributes;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_add_kwargs;
@@ -1871,7 +1964,6 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_address;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_args;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_attribute_name;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_attributes;
-static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_call_last_overriding;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_class;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_clear_args;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_clear_attributes;
@@ -1921,6 +2013,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_provides;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_pyx_capi;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_pyx_vtable;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_range;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_reset;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_reset_last_overriding;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_set_args;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_set_attributes;
@@ -1946,7 +2039,6 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_12reset_las
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_14reset_override(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_16delegate(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_18_provide(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
-static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_20_call_last_overriding(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
 static int __pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_6Object___init__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_provides); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_6Object_2__deepcopy__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_memo); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_6Object_4__str__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
@@ -1976,6 +2068,9 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable_12add_kwarg
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable_14set_kwargs(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable_16clear_kwargs(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable_18_provide(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable___call__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable_2override(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_provider); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable_4_provide(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
 static int __pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration___init__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_name); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration_2__deepcopy__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_memo); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration_4__str__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
@@ -2001,6 +2096,9 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory_18add_attrib
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory_20set_attributes(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory_22clear_attributes(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory_24_provide(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory___call__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory_2override(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_provider); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory_4_provide(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
 static int __pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_13BaseSingleton___init__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_provides, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_13BaseSingleton_2__str__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_13BaseSingleton_4__deepcopy__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_memo); /* proto */
@@ -2027,6 +2125,9 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_19ThreadSafeSingleton
 static int __pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_20ThreadLocalSingleton___init__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_provides, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_20ThreadLocalSingleton_2reset(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_20ThreadLocalSingleton_4_provide(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_17AbstractSingleton___call__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_args, PyObject *__pyx_v_kwargs); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_17AbstractSingleton_2override(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_provider); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_17AbstractSingleton_4reset(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
 static int __pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_19PositionalInjection___init__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_value); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_19PositionalInjection_2__deepcopy__(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_memo); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_19dependency_injector_9providers_19PositionalInjection_4get_value(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
@@ -2050,9 +2151,11 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependenc
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_OverridingContext(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
+static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
+static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
@@ -2060,13 +2163,16 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSinglet
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
+static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
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 static PyObject *__pyx_int_3;
 static PyObject *__pyx_tuple_;
-static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__5;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__3;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__6;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__7;
 
 /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":23
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- *         self.__overridden_len = 0
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- *         self.__overridden_len = 0             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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  * 
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   /* function exit code */
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 }
 
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+      __pyx_t_5 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_value(((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection *)__pyx_v_kw_injection)); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) __PYX_ERR(0, 213, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":198
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@@ -19406,7 +21453,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
     goto __pyx_L3;
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-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":204
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":215
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  *         for index in range(inj_kwargs_len):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -19418,7 +21465,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provid
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-      /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":205
+      /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":216
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-      /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":206
+      /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":217
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-      __pyx_t_5 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_name(__pyx_v_kw_injection); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) __PYX_ERR(0, 206, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_t_5 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_name(__pyx_v_kw_injection); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) __PYX_ERR(0, 217, __pyx_L1_error)
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-      /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":207
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-        /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":208
+        /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":219
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-        /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":207
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-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":210
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":221
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-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":191
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":202
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-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":219
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-    /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":220
+    /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":231
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  *         attr_injection = <NamedInjection>attributes[index]             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-    /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":222
+    /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":233
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-    __pyx_t_3 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_name(__pyx_v_attr_injection); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) __PYX_ERR(0, 222, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_t_3 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_name(__pyx_v_attr_injection); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) __PYX_ERR(0, 233, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":223
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+    __pyx_t_4 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___get_value(((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection *)__pyx_v_attr_injection)); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_4)) __PYX_ERR(0, 234, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":221
+    /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":232
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-    __pyx_t_5 = PyObject_SetAttr(__pyx_v_instance, __pyx_t_3, __pyx_t_4); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_5 == -1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 221, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_t_5 = PyObject_SetAttr(__pyx_v_instance, __pyx_t_3, __pyx_t_4); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_5 == -1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 232, __pyx_L1_error)
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     __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_4); __pyx_t_4 = 0;
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-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":215
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":226
  * @cython.boundscheck(False)
  * @cython.wraparound(False)
  * cdef inline object __inject_attributes(object instance,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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   return __pyx_r;
 }
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":226
+/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":237
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  * 
  * cdef inline object __callable_call(Callable self, tuple args, dict kwargs):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -19641,7 +21688,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___callab
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-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":231
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":242
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@@ -19651,20 +21698,20 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___callab
   __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_v_self->__pyx___args;
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-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":230
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":241
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  *     positional_args = __provide_positional_args(args,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-  __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provide_positional_args(__pyx_v_args, ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_1), __pyx_v_self->__pyx___args_len); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 230, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provide_positional_args(__pyx_v_args, ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_1), __pyx_v_self->__pyx___args_len); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 241, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":234
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-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":233
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  *     keyword_args = __provide_keyword_args(kwargs,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-  __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provide_keyword_args(__pyx_v_kwargs, ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_2), __pyx_v_self->__pyx___kwargs_len); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 233, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___provide_keyword_args(__pyx_v_kwargs, ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_2), __pyx_v_self->__pyx___kwargs_len); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 244, __pyx_L1_error)
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   __pyx_t_1 = 0;
 
-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":237
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":248
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  *     return self.__provides(*positional_args, **keyword_args)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -19697,19 +21744,19 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___callab
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+  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_v_self->__pyx___provides, __pyx_v_positional_args, __pyx_v_keyword_args); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 248, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":226
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":237
  * 
  * 
  * cdef inline object __callable_call(Callable self, tuple args, dict kwargs):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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   return __pyx_r;
 }
 
-/* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":240
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   int __pyx_t_3;
   __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__factory_call", 0);
 
-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":243
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":254
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@@ -19757,13 +21804,13 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___factor
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   __pyx_t_1 = ((PyObject *)__pyx_v_self->__pyx___instantiator);
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-  __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___callable_call(((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable *)__pyx_t_1), __pyx_v_args, __pyx_v_kwargs); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 243, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___callable_call(((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable *)__pyx_t_1), __pyx_v_args, __pyx_v_kwargs); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 254, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":245
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":256
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  *     if self.__attributes_len > 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-    /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":247
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-    /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":246
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  *     if self.__attributes_len > 0:
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-    /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":245
+    /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":256
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  *     if self.__attributes_len > 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":250
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":261
  *                             self.__attributes_len)
  * 
  *     return instance             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -19814,7 +21861,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers___factor
   __pyx_r = __pyx_v_instance;
   goto __pyx_L0;
 
-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":240
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":251
  * 
  * 
  * cdef inline object __factory_call(Factory self, tuple args, dict kwargs):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -19848,6 +21895,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider(PyTypeOb
   p = ((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *)o);
   p->__pyx_vtab = __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider;
   p->__pyx___overridden = ((PyObject*)Py_None); Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  p->__pyx___last_overriding = ((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *)Py_None); Py_INCREF(Py_None);
   return o;
 }
 
@@ -19860,6 +21908,7 @@ static void __pyx_tp_dealloc_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider(PyObject
   #endif
   PyObject_GC_UnTrack(o);
   Py_CLEAR(p->__pyx___overridden);
+  Py_CLEAR(p->__pyx___last_overriding);
   (*Py_TYPE(o)->tp_free)(o);
 }
 
@@ -19869,6 +21918,9 @@ static int __pyx_tp_traverse_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider(PyObject
   if (p->__pyx___overridden) {
     e = (*v)(p->__pyx___overridden, a); if (e) return e;
   }
+  if (p->__pyx___last_overriding) {
+    e = (*v)(((PyObject*)p->__pyx___last_overriding), a); if (e) return e;
+  }
   return 0;
 }
 
@@ -19878,6 +21930,9 @@ static int __pyx_tp_clear_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider(PyObject *o)
   tmp = ((PyObject*)p->__pyx___overridden);
   p->__pyx___overridden = ((PyObject*)Py_None); Py_INCREF(Py_None);
   Py_XDECREF(tmp);
+  tmp = ((PyObject*)p->__pyx___last_overriding);
+  p->__pyx___last_overriding = ((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *)Py_None); Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  Py_XDECREF(tmp);
   return 0;
 }
 
@@ -19892,7 +21947,6 @@ static PyMethodDef __pyx_methods_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider[] = {
   {"reset_override", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_15reset_override, METH_NOARGS, __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_14reset_override},
   {"delegate", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_17delegate, METH_NOARGS, __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_16delegate},
   {"_provide", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_19_provide, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_18_provide},
-  {"_call_last_overriding", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_21_call_last_overriding, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_20_call_last_overriding},
   {0, 0, 0, 0}
 };
 
@@ -20628,6 +22682,92 @@ static PyTypeObject __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallabl
   0, /*tp_finalize*/
   #endif
 };
+static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable;
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k) {
+  struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable *p;
+  PyObject *o = __pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable(t, a, k);
+  if (unlikely(!o)) return 0;
+  p = ((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable *)o);
+  p->__pyx_base.__pyx_base.__pyx_vtab = (struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider*)__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable;
+  return o;
+}
+
+static PyMethodDef __pyx_methods_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable[] = {
+  {"override", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable_3override, METH_O, __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable_2override},
+  {"_provide", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable_5_provide, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable_4_provide},
+  {0, 0, 0, 0}
+};
+
+static PyTypeObject __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable = {
+  PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(0, 0)
+  "dependency_injector.providers.AbstractCallable", /*tp_name*/
+  sizeof(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable), /*tp_basicsize*/
+  0, /*tp_itemsize*/
+  __pyx_tp_dealloc_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable, /*tp_dealloc*/
+  0, /*tp_print*/
+  0, /*tp_getattr*/
+  0, /*tp_setattr*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*tp_compare*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  0, /*tp_as_async*/
+  #endif
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+  __pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_9__repr__, /*tp_repr*/
+  #else
+  0, /*tp_repr*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*tp_as_number*/
+  0, /*tp_as_sequence*/
+  0, /*tp_as_mapping*/
+  0, /*tp_hash*/
+  __pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable_1__call__, /*tp_call*/
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+  __pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable_5__str__, /*tp_str*/
+  #else
+  0, /*tp_str*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*tp_getattro*/
+  0, /*tp_setattro*/
+  0, /*tp_as_buffer*/
+  Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_VERSION_TAG|Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER|Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC, /*tp_flags*/
+  "Abstract callable provider.\n\n    :py:class:`AbstractCallable` is a :py:class:`Callable` provider that must\n    be explicitly overridden before calling.\n\n    Overriding of :py:class:`AbstractCallable` is possible only by another\n    :py:class:`Callable` provider.\n    ", /*tp_doc*/
+  __pyx_tp_traverse_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable, /*tp_traverse*/
+  __pyx_tp_clear_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable, /*tp_clear*/
+  0, /*tp_richcompare*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
+  0, /*tp_iter*/
+  0, /*tp_iternext*/
+  __pyx_methods_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable, /*tp_methods*/
+  0, /*tp_members*/
+  0, /*tp_getset*/
+  0, /*tp_base*/
+  0, /*tp_dict*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_get*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_set*/
+  0, /*tp_dictoffset*/
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+  __pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable_1__init__, /*tp_init*/
+  #else
+  0, /*tp_init*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*tp_alloc*/
+  __pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable, /*tp_new*/
+  0, /*tp_free*/
+  0, /*tp_is_gc*/
+  0, /*tp_bases*/
+  0, /*tp_mro*/
+  0, /*tp_cache*/
+  0, /*tp_subclasses*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklist*/
+  0, /*tp_del*/
+  0, /*tp_version_tag*/
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030400a1
+  0, /*tp_finalize*/
+  #endif
+};
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration;
 
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k) {
@@ -21008,6 +23148,92 @@ static PyTypeObject __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory
   0, /*tp_finalize*/
   #endif
 };
+static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory;
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k) {
+  struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory *p;
+  PyObject *o = __pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory(t, a, k);
+  if (unlikely(!o)) return 0;
+  p = ((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory *)o);
+  p->__pyx_base.__pyx_base.__pyx_vtab = (struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider*)__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory;
+  return o;
+}
+
+static PyMethodDef __pyx_methods_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory[] = {
+  {"override", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory_3override, METH_O, __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory_2override},
+  {"_provide", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory_5_provide, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory_4_provide},
+  {0, 0, 0, 0}
+};
+
+static PyTypeObject __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory = {
+  PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(0, 0)
+  "dependency_injector.providers.AbstractFactory", /*tp_name*/
+  sizeof(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory), /*tp_basicsize*/
+  0, /*tp_itemsize*/
+  __pyx_tp_dealloc_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory, /*tp_dealloc*/
+  0, /*tp_print*/
+  0, /*tp_getattr*/
+  0, /*tp_setattr*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*tp_compare*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  0, /*tp_as_async*/
+  #endif
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+  __pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_9__repr__, /*tp_repr*/
+  #else
+  0, /*tp_repr*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*tp_as_number*/
+  0, /*tp_as_sequence*/
+  0, /*tp_as_mapping*/
+  0, /*tp_hash*/
+  __pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory_1__call__, /*tp_call*/
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+  __pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory_5__str__, /*tp_str*/
+  #else
+  0, /*tp_str*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*tp_getattro*/
+  0, /*tp_setattro*/
+  0, /*tp_as_buffer*/
+  Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_VERSION_TAG|Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER|Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC, /*tp_flags*/
+  "Abstract factory provider.\n\n    :py:class:`AbstractFactory` is a :py:class:`Factory` provider that must\n    be explicitly overridden before calling.\n\n    Overriding of :py:class:`AbstractFactory` is possible only by another\n    :py:class:`Factory` provider.\n    ", /*tp_doc*/
+  __pyx_tp_traverse_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory, /*tp_traverse*/
+  __pyx_tp_clear_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory, /*tp_clear*/
+  0, /*tp_richcompare*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
+  0, /*tp_iter*/
+  0, /*tp_iternext*/
+  __pyx_methods_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory, /*tp_methods*/
+  0, /*tp_members*/
+  0, /*tp_getset*/
+  0, /*tp_base*/
+  0, /*tp_dict*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_get*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_set*/
+  0, /*tp_dictoffset*/
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+  __pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory_1__init__, /*tp_init*/
+  #else
+  0, /*tp_init*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*tp_alloc*/
+  __pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory, /*tp_new*/
+  0, /*tp_free*/
+  0, /*tp_is_gc*/
+  0, /*tp_bases*/
+  0, /*tp_mro*/
+  0, /*tp_cache*/
+  0, /*tp_subclasses*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklist*/
+  0, /*tp_del*/
+  0, /*tp_version_tag*/
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030400a1
+  0, /*tp_finalize*/
+  #endif
+};
 static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
 
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k) {
@@ -21777,6 +24003,92 @@ static PyTypeObject __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadL
   0, /*tp_finalize*/
   #endif
 };
+static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton;
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k) {
+  struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton *p;
+  PyObject *o = __pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton(t, a, k);
+  if (unlikely(!o)) return 0;
+  p = ((struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton *)o);
+  p->__pyx_base.__pyx_base.__pyx_vtab = (struct __pyx_vtabstruct_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider*)__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton;
+  return o;
+}
+
+static PyMethodDef __pyx_methods_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton[] = {
+  {"override", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_17AbstractSingleton_3override, METH_O, __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_17AbstractSingleton_2override},
+  {"reset", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_17AbstractSingleton_5reset, METH_NOARGS, __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_17AbstractSingleton_4reset},
+  {0, 0, 0, 0}
+};
+
+static PyTypeObject __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton = {
+  PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(0, 0)
+  "dependency_injector.providers.AbstractSingleton", /*tp_name*/
+  sizeof(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton), /*tp_basicsize*/
+  0, /*tp_itemsize*/
+  __pyx_tp_dealloc_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton, /*tp_dealloc*/
+  0, /*tp_print*/
+  0, /*tp_getattr*/
+  0, /*tp_setattr*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*tp_compare*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  0, /*tp_as_async*/
+  #endif
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+  __pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider_9__repr__, /*tp_repr*/
+  #else
+  0, /*tp_repr*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*tp_as_number*/
+  0, /*tp_as_sequence*/
+  0, /*tp_as_mapping*/
+  0, /*tp_hash*/
+  __pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_17AbstractSingleton_1__call__, /*tp_call*/
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+  __pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_13BaseSingleton_3__str__, /*tp_str*/
+  #else
+  0, /*tp_str*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*tp_getattro*/
+  0, /*tp_setattro*/
+  0, /*tp_as_buffer*/
+  Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_VERSION_TAG|Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER|Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC, /*tp_flags*/
+  "Abstract singleton provider.\n\n    :py:class:`AbstractSingleton` is a :py:class:`Singleton` provider that must\n    be explicitly overridden before calling.\n\n    Overriding of :py:class:`AbstractSingleton` is possible only by another\n    :py:class:`BaseSingleton` provider.\n    ", /*tp_doc*/
+  __pyx_tp_traverse_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton, /*tp_traverse*/
+  __pyx_tp_clear_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton, /*tp_clear*/
+  0, /*tp_richcompare*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
+  0, /*tp_iter*/
+  0, /*tp_iternext*/
+  __pyx_methods_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton, /*tp_methods*/
+  0, /*tp_members*/
+  0, /*tp_getset*/
+  0, /*tp_base*/
+  0, /*tp_dict*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_get*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_set*/
+  0, /*tp_dictoffset*/
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+  __pyx_pw_19dependency_injector_9providers_13BaseSingleton_1__init__, /*tp_init*/
+  #else
+  0, /*tp_init*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*tp_alloc*/
+  __pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton, /*tp_new*/
+  0, /*tp_free*/
+  0, /*tp_is_gc*/
+  0, /*tp_bases*/
+  0, /*tp_mro*/
+  0, /*tp_cache*/
+  0, /*tp_subclasses*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklist*/
+  0, /*tp_del*/
+  0, /*tp_version_tag*/
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030400a1
+  0, /*tp_finalize*/
+  #endif
+};
 
 static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection(PyTypeObject *t, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *a, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *k) {
   struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection *p;
@@ -22091,6 +24403,9 @@ static struct PyModuleDef __pyx_moduledef = {
 static __Pyx_StringTabEntry __pyx_string_tab[] = {
   {&__pyx_kp_s_0_can_provide_only_1_instances, __pyx_k_0_can_provide_only_1_instances, sizeof(__pyx_k_0_can_provide_only_1_instances), 0, 0, 1, 0},
   {&__pyx_kp_s_0_is_not_an, __pyx_k_0_is_not_an, sizeof(__pyx_k_0_is_not_an), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_0_must_be_overridden_before_cal, __pyx_k_0_must_be_overridden_before_cal, sizeof(__pyx_k_0_must_be_overridden_before_cal), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_0_must_be_overridden_only_by_1, __pyx_k_0_must_be_overridden_only_by_1, sizeof(__pyx_k_0_must_be_overridden_only_by_1), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_Abstract_provider_forward_provid, __pyx_k_Abstract_provider_forward_provid, sizeof(__pyx_k_Abstract_provider_forward_provid), 0, 0, 1, 0},
   {&__pyx_n_s_AttributeError, __pyx_k_AttributeError, sizeof(__pyx_k_AttributeError), 0, 0, 1, 1},
   {&__pyx_n_s_CLASS_TYPES, __pyx_k_CLASS_TYPES, sizeof(__pyx_k_CLASS_TYPES), 0, 0, 1, 1},
   {&__pyx_n_s_ClassType, __pyx_k_ClassType, sizeof(__pyx_k_ClassType), 0, 0, 1, 1},
@@ -22100,6 +24415,7 @@ static __Pyx_StringTabEntry __pyx_string_tab[] = {
   {&__pyx_n_s_GLOBAL_LOCK, __pyx_k_GLOBAL_LOCK, sizeof(__pyx_k_GLOBAL_LOCK), 0, 0, 1, 1},
   {&__pyx_n_s_IS_DELEGATED, __pyx_k_IS_DELEGATED, sizeof(__pyx_k_IS_DELEGATED), 0, 0, 1, 1},
   {&__pyx_n_s_IS_PROVIDER, __pyx_k_IS_PROVIDER, sizeof(__pyx_k_IS_PROVIDER), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_IndexError, __pyx_k_IndexError, sizeof(__pyx_k_IndexError), 0, 0, 1, 1},
   {&__pyx_n_s_MethodType, __pyx_k_MethodType, sizeof(__pyx_k_MethodType), 0, 0, 1, 1},
   {&__pyx_n_s_NotImplementedError, __pyx_k_NotImplementedError, sizeof(__pyx_k_NotImplementedError), 0, 0, 1, 1},
   {&__pyx_kp_s_Provider_0_could_not_be_overridd, __pyx_k_Provider_0_could_not_be_overridd, sizeof(__pyx_k_Provider_0_could_not_be_overridd), 0, 0, 1, 0},
@@ -22107,8 +24423,8 @@ static __Pyx_StringTabEntry __pyx_string_tab[] = {
   {&__pyx_kp_s_Provider_0_is_not_overridden, __pyx_k_Provider_0_is_not_overridden, sizeof(__pyx_k_Provider_0_is_not_overridden), 0, 0, 1, 0},
   {&__pyx_n_s_RLock, __pyx_k_RLock, sizeof(__pyx_k_RLock), 0, 0, 1, 1},
   {&__pyx_kp_s__2, __pyx_k__2, sizeof(__pyx_k__2), 0, 0, 1, 0},
-  {&__pyx_n_s__3, __pyx_k__3, sizeof(__pyx_k__3), 0, 0, 1, 1},
-  {&__pyx_kp_s__4, __pyx_k__4, sizeof(__pyx_k__4), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s__4, __pyx_k__4, sizeof(__pyx_k__4), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s__5, __pyx_k__5, sizeof(__pyx_k__5), 0, 0, 1, 0},
   {&__pyx_n_s_add_args, __pyx_k_add_args, sizeof(__pyx_k_add_args), 0, 0, 1, 1},
   {&__pyx_n_s_add_attributes, __pyx_k_add_attributes, sizeof(__pyx_k_add_attributes), 0, 0, 1, 1},
   {&__pyx_n_s_add_kwargs, __pyx_k_add_kwargs, sizeof(__pyx_k_add_kwargs), 0, 0, 1, 1},
@@ -22116,7 +24432,6 @@ static __Pyx_StringTabEntry __pyx_string_tab[] = {
   {&__pyx_n_s_args, __pyx_k_args, sizeof(__pyx_k_args), 0, 0, 1, 1},
   {&__pyx_n_s_attribute_name, __pyx_k_attribute_name, sizeof(__pyx_k_attribute_name), 0, 0, 1, 1},
   {&__pyx_n_s_attributes, __pyx_k_attributes, sizeof(__pyx_k_attributes), 0, 0, 1, 1},
-  {&__pyx_n_s_call_last_overriding, __pyx_k_call_last_overriding, sizeof(__pyx_k_call_last_overriding), 0, 0, 1, 1},
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+  {&__pyx_n_s_reset, __pyx_k_reset, sizeof(__pyx_k_reset), 0, 0, 1, 1},
   {&__pyx_n_s_reset_last_overriding, __pyx_k_reset_last_overriding, sizeof(__pyx_k_reset_last_overriding), 0, 0, 1, 1},
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   {&__pyx_n_s_set_attributes, __pyx_k_set_attributes, sizeof(__pyx_k_set_attributes), 0, 0, 1, 1},
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 };
 static int __Pyx_InitCachedBuiltins(void) {
-  __pyx_builtin_range = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_range); if (!__pyx_builtin_range) __PYX_ERR(0, 181, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_builtin_range = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_range); if (!__pyx_builtin_range) __PYX_ERR(0, 192, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_builtin_super = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_super); if (!__pyx_builtin_super) __PYX_ERR(1, 87, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  __pyx_builtin_hex = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_hex); if (!__pyx_builtin_hex) __PYX_ERR(1, 1521, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_builtin_IndexError = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_IndexError); if (!__pyx_builtin_IndexError) __PYX_ERR(1, 167, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_builtin_NotImplementedError = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_NotImplementedError); if (!__pyx_builtin_NotImplementedError) __PYX_ERR(1, 192, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_builtin_AttributeError = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_AttributeError); if (!__pyx_builtin_AttributeError) __PYX_ERR(1, 695, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_builtin_hex = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_hex); if (!__pyx_builtin_hex) __PYX_ERR(1, 1641, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":336
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":330
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- *         if self.__overridden_len == 0:
+ *         if self.__last_overriding is None:
  *             raise Error('Dependency is not defined')             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  * 
- *         instance = self._call_last_overriding(args, kwargs)
+ *         instance = self.__last_overriding._provide(args, kwargs)
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-  __pyx_tuple_ = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_Dependency_is_not_defined); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple_)) __PYX_ERR(1, 336, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_tuple_ = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_Dependency_is_not_defined); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple_)) __PYX_ERR(1, 330, __pyx_L1_error)
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   __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple_);
 
-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1260
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":633
+ *     cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs):
+ *         """Return result of provided callable's call."""
+ *         raise NotImplementedError('Abstract provider forward providing logic '             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                                   'to overriding provider')
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__3 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_Abstract_provider_forward_provid); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__3)) __PYX_ERR(1, 633, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__3);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__3);
+
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1048
+ *     cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs):
+ *         """Return result of provided callable's call."""
+ *         raise NotImplementedError('Abstract provider forward providing logic '             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                                   'to overriding provider')
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__6 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_Abstract_provider_forward_provid); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__6)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1048, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__6);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__6);
+
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1335
  *     cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs):
  *         """Return single instance."""
  *         with self.__lock:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *             if self.__storage is None:
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-  __pyx_tuple__5 = PyTuple_Pack(3, Py_None, Py_None, Py_None); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__5)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1260, __pyx_L1_error)
-  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__5);
-  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__5);
+  __pyx_tuple__7 = PyTuple_Pack(3, Py_None, Py_None, Py_None); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__7)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1335, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__7);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__7);
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@@ -22333,7 +24672,6 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
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   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider._provide = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider__provide;
-  __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider._call_last_overriding = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Provider__call_last_overriding;
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   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider.tp_print = 0;
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
@@ -22383,11 +24721,11 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
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   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object.__pyx_base._provide = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_6Object__provide;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 201, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 195, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object.tp_print = 0;
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 201, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 195, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_6Object___init__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_6Object___init__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_6Object___init__;
@@ -22397,7 +24735,7 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
   #endif
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object, "__str__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 201, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object, "__str__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 195, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_6Object_4__str__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_6Object_4__str__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_6Object_4__str__;
@@ -22407,7 +24745,7 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
   #endif
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object, "__repr__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 201, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object, "__repr__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 195, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_6Object_6__repr__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
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@@ -22415,17 +24753,17 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
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   #endif
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 201, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Object", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 201, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 195, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Object", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 195, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object;
   __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Object;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 261, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 255, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate.tp_print = 0;
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 261, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 255, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Delegate___init__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Delegate___init__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Delegate___init__;
@@ -22433,17 +24771,17 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
     }
   }
   #endif
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 261, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Delegate", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 261, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 255, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Delegate", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 255, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Delegate;
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   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 280, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 274, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency.tp_print = 0;
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 280, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 274, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
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@@ -22453,7 +24791,7 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
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+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency, "__call__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 274, __pyx_L1_error)
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@@ -22463,7 +24801,7 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
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   {
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+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency, "__str__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 274, __pyx_L1_error)
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@@ -22473,7 +24811,7 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
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+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency, "__repr__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 274, __pyx_L1_error)
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@@ -22481,14 +24819,14 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
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-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "ExternalDependency", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 280, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 274, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "ExternalDependency", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 274, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ExternalDependency;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_OverridingContext) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 376, __pyx_L1_error)
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+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_OverridingContext, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 370, __pyx_L1_error)
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+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "OverridingContext", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_OverridingContext) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 370, __pyx_L1_error)
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   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable.__pyx_base._provide = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable__provide;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 412, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 406, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable.tp_print = 0;
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 412, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 406, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable___init__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable___init__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable___init__;
@@ -22516,7 +24854,7 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
   #endif
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable, "__str__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 412, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable, "__str__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 406, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable_4__str__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable_4__str__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_8Callable_4__str__;
@@ -22524,17 +24862,36 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
     }
   }
   #endif
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 412, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Callable", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 412, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 406, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Callable", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 406, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable;
   __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 593, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 587, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable.tp_print = 0;
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 593, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "DelegatedCallable", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 593, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 587, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "DelegatedCallable", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 587, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable;
+  __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable;
+  __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable;
+  __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable.__pyx_base.__pyx_base._provide = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable__provide;
+  __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Callable;
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 596, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable.tp_print = 0;
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+  {
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable, "__call__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 596, __pyx_L1_error)
+    if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
+      __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable___call__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
+      __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable___call__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable___call__;
+      ((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base = &__pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_16AbstractCallable___call__;
+    }
+  }
+  #endif
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 596, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "AbstractCallable", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 596, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractCallable;
   __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration.__pyx_base._provide = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration__provide;
@@ -22542,11 +24899,11 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration.update = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration_update;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration._get_child_name = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration__get_child_name;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 602, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 637, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration.tp_print = 0;
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 602, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 637, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration___init__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration___init__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration___init__;
@@ -22556,7 +24913,7 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
   #endif
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration, "__str__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 602, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration, "__str__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 637, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration_4__str__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration_4__str__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration_4__str__;
@@ -22566,7 +24923,7 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
   #endif
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration, "__getattr__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 602, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration, "__getattr__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 637, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration_6__getattr__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration_6__getattr__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_13Configuration_6__getattr__;
@@ -22574,18 +24931,18 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
     }
   }
   #endif
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 602, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Configuration", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 602, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 637, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Configuration", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 637, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Configuration;
   __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory.__pyx_base._provide = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory__provide;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 722, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 757, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory.tp_print = 0;
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 722, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 757, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory___init__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory___init__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory___init__;
@@ -22595,7 +24952,7 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
   #endif
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory, "__str__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 722, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory, "__str__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 757, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory_4__str__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory_4__str__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_7Factory_4__str__;
@@ -22603,25 +24960,44 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
     }
   }
   #endif
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 722, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Factory", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 722, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 757, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Factory", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 757, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory;
   __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 955, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 990, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory.tp_print = 0;
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 955, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "DelegatedFactory", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 955, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 990, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "DelegatedFactory", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 990, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory;
+  __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory;
+  __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory;
+  __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory.__pyx_base.__pyx_base._provide = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory__provide;
+  __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory;
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1011, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory.tp_print = 0;
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+  {
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory, "__call__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1011, __pyx_L1_error)
+    if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
+      __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory___call__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
+      __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory___call__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory___call__;
+      ((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base = &__pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_15AbstractFactory___call__;
+    }
+  }
+  #endif
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1011, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "AbstractFactory", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1011, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractFactory;
   __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 976, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1051, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton.tp_print = 0;
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 976, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1051, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_13BaseSingleton___init__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_13BaseSingleton___init__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_13BaseSingleton___init__;
@@ -22631,7 +25007,7 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
   #endif
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton, "__str__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 976, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton, "__str__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1051, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_13BaseSingleton_2__str__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_13BaseSingleton_2__str__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_13BaseSingleton_2__str__;
@@ -22639,18 +25015,18 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
     }
   }
   #endif
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 976, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "BaseSingleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 976, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1051, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "BaseSingleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1051, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
   __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton.__pyx_base.__pyx_base._provide = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_9Singleton__provide;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1150, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1225, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton.tp_print = 0;
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1150, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1225, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_9Singleton___init__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_9Singleton___init__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_9Singleton___init__;
@@ -22658,26 +25034,26 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
     }
   }
   #endif
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1150, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Singleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1150, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1225, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Singleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1225, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton;
   __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Singleton;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1211, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1286, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton.tp_print = 0;
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1211, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "DelegatedSingleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1211, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1286, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "DelegatedSingleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1286, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton;
   __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton.__pyx_base.__pyx_base._provide = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_19ThreadSafeSingleton__provide;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1232, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1307, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton.tp_print = 0;
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1232, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1307, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_19ThreadSafeSingleton___init__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_19ThreadSafeSingleton___init__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_19ThreadSafeSingleton___init__;
@@ -22685,26 +25061,26 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
     }
   }
   #endif
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1232, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "ThreadSafeSingleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1232, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1307, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "ThreadSafeSingleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1307, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton;
   __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadSafeSingleton;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1267, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1342, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton.tp_print = 0;
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1267, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1267, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1342, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1342, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton;
   __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton.__pyx_base.__pyx_base._provide = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider *, PyObject *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_19dependency_injector_9providers_20ThreadLocalSingleton__provide;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1288, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1363, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton.tp_print = 0;
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1288, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1363, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_20ThreadLocalSingleton___init__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_20ThreadLocalSingleton___init__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_20ThreadLocalSingleton___init__;
@@ -22712,27 +25088,45 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
     }
   }
   #endif
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1288, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "ThreadLocalSingleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1288, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1363, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "ThreadLocalSingleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1363, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton;
   __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton;
   __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_ThreadLocalSingleton;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1341, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1416, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton.tp_print = 0;
-  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1341, __pyx_L1_error)
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1341, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1416, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1416, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1362, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton = &__pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton;
+  __pyx_vtable_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton.__pyx_base = *__pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
+  __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton;
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1437, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton.tp_print = 0;
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+  {
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton, "__call__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1437, __pyx_L1_error)
+    if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
+      __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_17AbstractSingleton___call__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
+      __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_17AbstractSingleton___call__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_17AbstractSingleton___call__;
+      ((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base = &__pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_17AbstractSingleton___call__;
+    }
+  }
+  #endif
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1437, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "AbstractSingleton", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1437, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_AbstractSingleton;
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1482, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection.tp_print = 0;
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Injection", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1362, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Injection", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1482, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1366, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1486, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection.tp_print = 0;
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1366, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1486, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_19PositionalInjection___init__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_19PositionalInjection___init__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_19PositionalInjection___init__;
@@ -22740,14 +25134,14 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
     }
   }
   #endif
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "PositionalInjection", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1366, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "PositionalInjection", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1486, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_PositionalInjection;
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection.tp_base = __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Injection;
-  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1394, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1514, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection.tp_print = 0;
   #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
   {
-    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1394, __pyx_L1_error)
+    PyObject *wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString((PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection, "__init__"); if (unlikely(!wrapper)) __PYX_ERR(1, 1514, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (Py_TYPE(wrapper) == &PyWrapperDescr_Type) {
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_14NamedInjection___init__ = *((PyWrapperDescrObject *)wrapper)->d_base;
       __pyx_wrapperbase_19dependency_injector_9providers_14NamedInjection___init__.doc = __pyx_doc_19dependency_injector_9providers_14NamedInjection___init__;
@@ -22755,7 +25149,7 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
     }
   }
   #endif
-  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "NamedInjection", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1394, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "NamedInjection", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1514, __pyx_L1_error)
   __pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection = &__pyx_type_19dependency_injector_9providers_NamedInjection;
   /*--- Type import code ---*/
   /*--- Variable import code ---*/
@@ -22986,74 +25380,74 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
   if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_IS_PROVIDER, Py_True) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 81, __pyx_L1_error)
   PyType_Modified(__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Provider);
 
-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":599
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":593
  *     """
  * 
  *     __IS_DELEGATED__ = True             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  * 
  * 
  */
-  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_IS_DELEGATED, Py_True) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 599, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_IS_DELEGATED, Py_True) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 593, __pyx_L1_error)
   PyType_Modified(__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedCallable);
 
-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":773
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":808
  *     """
  * 
  *     provided_type = None             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  * 
  *     def __init__(self, provides, *args, **kwargs):
  */
-  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_provided_type, Py_None) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 773, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_provided_type, Py_None) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 808, __pyx_L1_error)
   PyType_Modified(__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_Factory);
 
-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":973
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1008
  *     """
  * 
  *     __IS_DELEGATED__ = True             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  * 
  * 
  */
-  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_IS_DELEGATED, Py_True) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 973, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_IS_DELEGATED, Py_True) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1008, __pyx_L1_error)
   PyType_Modified(__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedFactory);
 
-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":979
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1054
  *     """Base class of singleton providers."""
  * 
  *     provided_type = None             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  * 
  *     def __init__(self, provides, *args, **kwargs):
  */
-  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_provided_type, Py_None) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 979, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_provided_type, Py_None) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1054, __pyx_L1_error)
   PyType_Modified(__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_BaseSingleton);
 
-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1229
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1304
  *     """
  * 
  *     __IS_DELEGATED__ = True             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  * 
  * 
  */
-  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_IS_DELEGATED, Py_True) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1229, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_IS_DELEGATED, Py_True) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1304, __pyx_L1_error)
   PyType_Modified(__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedSingleton);
 
-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1285
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1360
  *     """
  * 
  *     __IS_DELEGATED__ = True             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  * 
  * 
  */
-  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_IS_DELEGATED, Py_True) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1285, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_IS_DELEGATED, Py_True) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1360, __pyx_L1_error)
   PyType_Modified(__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton);
 
-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1359
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1434
  *     """
  * 
  *     __IS_DELEGATED__ = True             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  * 
  * 
  */
-  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_IS_DELEGATED, Py_True) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1359, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyDict_SetItem((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_IS_DELEGATED, Py_True) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1434, __pyx_L1_error)
   PyType_Modified(__pyx_ptype_19dependency_injector_9providers_DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton);
 
   /* "dependency_injector/providers.pyx":1
@@ -23066,7 +25460,7 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_providers(void)
   if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_test, __pyx_t_1) < 0) __PYX_ERR(1, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
   __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
 
-  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":240
+  /* "dependency_injector/providers.pxd":251
  * 
  * 
  * cdef inline object __factory_call(Factory self, tuple args, dict kwargs):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -23761,6 +26155,19 @@ bad:
 }
 #endif
 
+/* ExtTypeTest */
+        static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_TypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type) {
+    if (unlikely(!type)) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, "Missing type object");
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (likely(PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, type)))
+        return 1;
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "Cannot convert %.200s to %.200s",
+                 Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name, type->tp_name);
+    return 0;
+}
+
 /* SliceTupleAndList */
         #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
 static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_crop_slice(Py_ssize_t* _start, Py_ssize_t* _stop, Py_ssize_t* _length) {
@@ -23820,40 +26227,6 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyTuple_GetSlice(
 }
 #endif
 
-/* ArgTypeTest */
-        static void __Pyx_RaiseArgumentTypeInvalid(const char* name, PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type) {
-    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
-        "Argument '%.200s' has incorrect type (expected %.200s, got %.200s)",
-        name, type->tp_name, Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
-}
-static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_ArgTypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type, int none_allowed,
-    const char *name, int exact)
-{
-    if (unlikely(!type)) {
-        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, "Missing type object");
-        return 0;
-    }
-    if (none_allowed && obj == Py_None) return 1;
-    else if (exact) {
-        if (likely(Py_TYPE(obj) == type)) return 1;
-        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION == 2
-        else if ((type == &PyBaseString_Type) && likely(__Pyx_PyBaseString_CheckExact(obj))) return 1;
-        #endif
-    }
-    else {
-        if (likely(PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, type))) return 1;
-    }
-    __Pyx_RaiseArgumentTypeInvalid(name, obj, type);
-    return 0;
-}
-
-/* StringJoin */
-        #if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
-static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyBytes_Join(PyObject* sep, PyObject* values) {
-    return PyObject_CallMethodObjArgs(sep, __pyx_n_s_join, values, NULL);
-}
-#endif
-
 /* GetItemInt */
         static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_GetItemInt_Generic(PyObject *o, PyObject* j) {
     PyObject *r;
@@ -23935,21 +26308,137 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_GetItemInt_Fast(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t i,
     return __Pyx_GetItemInt_Generic(o, PyInt_FromSsize_t(i));
 }
 
-/* ExtTypeTest */
-        static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_TypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type) {
+/* SaveResetException */
+        #if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx__ExceptionSave(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
+    *type = tstate->exc_type;
+    *value = tstate->exc_value;
+    *tb = tstate->exc_traceback;
+    Py_XINCREF(*type);
+    Py_XINCREF(*value);
+    Py_XINCREF(*tb);
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx__ExceptionReset(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb) {
+    PyObject *tmp_type, *tmp_value, *tmp_tb;
+    tmp_type = tstate->exc_type;
+    tmp_value = tstate->exc_value;
+    tmp_tb = tstate->exc_traceback;
+    tstate->exc_type = type;
+    tstate->exc_value = value;
+    tstate->exc_traceback = tb;
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_type);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_value);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* PyErrExceptionMatches */
+        #if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatchesInState(PyThreadState* tstate, PyObject* err) {
+    PyObject *exc_type = tstate->curexc_type;
+    if (exc_type == err) return 1;
+    if (unlikely(!exc_type)) return 0;
+    return PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(exc_type, err);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* GetException */
+        #if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+static int __Pyx__GetException(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
+#else
+static int __Pyx_GetException(PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
+#endif
+    PyObject *local_type, *local_value, *local_tb;
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+    PyObject *tmp_type, *tmp_value, *tmp_tb;
+    local_type = tstate->curexc_type;
+    local_value = tstate->curexc_value;
+    local_tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
+    tstate->curexc_type = 0;
+    tstate->curexc_value = 0;
+    tstate->curexc_traceback = 0;
+#else
+    PyErr_Fetch(&local_type, &local_value, &local_tb);
+#endif
+    PyErr_NormalizeException(&local_type, &local_value, &local_tb);
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+    if (unlikely(tstate->curexc_type))
+#else
+    if (unlikely(PyErr_Occurred()))
+#endif
+        goto bad;
+    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+    if (local_tb) {
+        if (unlikely(PyException_SetTraceback(local_value, local_tb) < 0))
+            goto bad;
+    }
+    #endif
+    Py_XINCREF(local_tb);
+    Py_XINCREF(local_type);
+    Py_XINCREF(local_value);
+    *type = local_type;
+    *value = local_value;
+    *tb = local_tb;
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+    tmp_type = tstate->exc_type;
+    tmp_value = tstate->exc_value;
+    tmp_tb = tstate->exc_traceback;
+    tstate->exc_type = local_type;
+    tstate->exc_value = local_value;
+    tstate->exc_traceback = local_tb;
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_type);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_value);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
+#else
+    PyErr_SetExcInfo(local_type, local_value, local_tb);
+#endif
+    return 0;
+bad:
+    *type = 0;
+    *value = 0;
+    *tb = 0;
+    Py_XDECREF(local_type);
+    Py_XDECREF(local_value);
+    Py_XDECREF(local_tb);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/* ArgTypeTest */
+          static void __Pyx_RaiseArgumentTypeInvalid(const char* name, PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type) {
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+        "Argument '%.200s' has incorrect type (expected %.200s, got %.200s)",
+        name, type->tp_name, Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_ArgTypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type, int none_allowed,
+    const char *name, int exact)
+{
     if (unlikely(!type)) {
         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, "Missing type object");
         return 0;
     }
-    if (likely(PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, type)))
-        return 1;
-    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "Cannot convert %.200s to %.200s",
-                 Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name, type->tp_name);
+    if (none_allowed && obj == Py_None) return 1;
+    else if (exact) {
+        if (likely(Py_TYPE(obj) == type)) return 1;
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION == 2
+        else if ((type == &PyBaseString_Type) && likely(__Pyx_PyBaseString_CheckExact(obj))) return 1;
+        #endif
+    }
+    else {
+        if (likely(PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, type))) return 1;
+    }
+    __Pyx_RaiseArgumentTypeInvalid(name, obj, type);
     return 0;
 }
 
+/* StringJoin */
+          #if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyBytes_Join(PyObject* sep, PyObject* values) {
+    return PyObject_CallMethodObjArgs(sep, __pyx_n_s_join, values, NULL);
+}
+#endif
+
 /* bytes_tailmatch */
-        static int __Pyx_PyBytes_SingleTailmatch(PyObject* self, PyObject* arg,
+          static int __Pyx_PyBytes_SingleTailmatch(PyObject* self, PyObject* arg,
                                          Py_ssize_t start, Py_ssize_t end, int direction) {
     const char* self_ptr = PyBytes_AS_STRING(self);
     Py_ssize_t self_len = PyBytes_GET_SIZE(self);
@@ -24020,7 +26509,7 @@ static int __Pyx_PyBytes_Tailmatch(PyObject* self, PyObject* substr,
 }
 
 /* unicode_tailmatch */
-        static int __Pyx_PyUnicode_Tailmatch(PyObject* s, PyObject* substr,
+          static int __Pyx_PyUnicode_Tailmatch(PyObject* s, PyObject* substr,
                                      Py_ssize_t start, Py_ssize_t end, int direction) {
     if (unlikely(PyTuple_Check(substr))) {
         Py_ssize_t i, count = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(substr);
@@ -24045,7 +26534,7 @@ static int __Pyx_PyBytes_Tailmatch(PyObject* self, PyObject* substr,
 }
 
 /* str_tailmatch */
-        static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyStr_Tailmatch(PyObject* self, PyObject* arg, Py_ssize_t start,
+          static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyStr_Tailmatch(PyObject* self, PyObject* arg, Py_ssize_t start,
                                                Py_ssize_t end, int direction)
 {
     if (PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3)
@@ -24055,7 +26544,7 @@ static int __Pyx_PyBytes_Tailmatch(PyObject* self, PyObject* substr,
 }
 
 /* dict_getitem_default */
-        static PyObject* __Pyx_PyDict_GetItemDefault(PyObject* d, PyObject* key, PyObject* default_value) {
+          static PyObject* __Pyx_PyDict_GetItemDefault(PyObject* d, PyObject* key, PyObject* default_value) {
     PyObject* value;
 #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3 && !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
     value = PyDict_GetItemWithError(d, key);
@@ -24082,101 +26571,6 @@ static int __Pyx_PyBytes_Tailmatch(PyObject* self, PyObject* substr,
     return value;
 }
 
-/* SaveResetException */
-        #if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
-static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx__ExceptionSave(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
-    *type = tstate->exc_type;
-    *value = tstate->exc_value;
-    *tb = tstate->exc_traceback;
-    Py_XINCREF(*type);
-    Py_XINCREF(*value);
-    Py_XINCREF(*tb);
-}
-static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx__ExceptionReset(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb) {
-    PyObject *tmp_type, *tmp_value, *tmp_tb;
-    tmp_type = tstate->exc_type;
-    tmp_value = tstate->exc_value;
-    tmp_tb = tstate->exc_traceback;
-    tstate->exc_type = type;
-    tstate->exc_value = value;
-    tstate->exc_traceback = tb;
-    Py_XDECREF(tmp_type);
-    Py_XDECREF(tmp_value);
-    Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
-}
-#endif
-
-/* GetException */
-        #if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
-static int __Pyx__GetException(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
-#else
-static int __Pyx_GetException(PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
-#endif
-    PyObject *local_type, *local_value, *local_tb;
-#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
-    PyObject *tmp_type, *tmp_value, *tmp_tb;
-    local_type = tstate->curexc_type;
-    local_value = tstate->curexc_value;
-    local_tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
-    tstate->curexc_type = 0;
-    tstate->curexc_value = 0;
-    tstate->curexc_traceback = 0;
-#else
-    PyErr_Fetch(&local_type, &local_value, &local_tb);
-#endif
-    PyErr_NormalizeException(&local_type, &local_value, &local_tb);
-#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
-    if (unlikely(tstate->curexc_type))
-#else
-    if (unlikely(PyErr_Occurred()))
-#endif
-        goto bad;
-    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
-    if (local_tb) {
-        if (unlikely(PyException_SetTraceback(local_value, local_tb) < 0))
-            goto bad;
-    }
-    #endif
-    Py_XINCREF(local_tb);
-    Py_XINCREF(local_type);
-    Py_XINCREF(local_value);
-    *type = local_type;
-    *value = local_value;
-    *tb = local_tb;
-#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
-    tmp_type = tstate->exc_type;
-    tmp_value = tstate->exc_value;
-    tmp_tb = tstate->exc_traceback;
-    tstate->exc_type = local_type;
-    tstate->exc_value = local_value;
-    tstate->exc_traceback = local_tb;
-    Py_XDECREF(tmp_type);
-    Py_XDECREF(tmp_value);
-    Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
-#else
-    PyErr_SetExcInfo(local_type, local_value, local_tb);
-#endif
-    return 0;
-bad:
-    *type = 0;
-    *value = 0;
-    *tb = 0;
-    Py_XDECREF(local_type);
-    Py_XDECREF(local_value);
-    Py_XDECREF(local_tb);
-    return -1;
-}
-
-/* PyErrExceptionMatches */
-          #if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
-static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatchesInState(PyThreadState* tstate, PyObject* err) {
-    PyObject *exc_type = tstate->curexc_type;
-    if (exc_type == err) return 1;
-    if (unlikely(!exc_type)) return 0;
-    return PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(exc_type, err);
-}
-#endif
-
 /* SwapException */
           #if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
 static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx__ExceptionSwap(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
diff --git a/src/dependency_injector/providers.pxd b/src/dependency_injector/providers.pxd
index cd13cec2..6a65bd62 100644
--- a/src/dependency_injector/providers.pxd
+++ b/src/dependency_injector/providers.pxd
@@ -9,10 +9,9 @@ cimport cython
 # Base providers
 cdef class Provider(object):
     cdef tuple __overridden
-    cdef int __overridden_len
+    cdef Provider __last_overriding
 
     cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs)
-    cpdef object _call_last_overriding(self, tuple args, dict kwargs)
 
 
 cdef class Object(Provider):
@@ -51,6 +50,10 @@ cdef class DelegatedCallable(Callable):
     pass
 
 
+cdef class AbstractCallable(Callable):
+    cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs)
+
+
 # Configuration providers
 cdef class Configuration(Provider):
     cdef str __name
@@ -77,6 +80,10 @@ cdef class DelegatedFactory(Factory):
     pass
 
 
+cdef class AbstractFactory(Factory):
+    cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs)
+
+
 # Singleton providers
 cdef class BaseSingleton(Provider):
     cdef Factory __instantiator
@@ -113,6 +120,10 @@ cdef class DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton(ThreadLocalSingleton):
     pass
 
 
+cdef class AbstractSingleton(BaseSingleton):
+    pass
+
+
 # Injections
 cdef class Injection(object):
     cdef object __value
diff --git a/src/dependency_injector/providers.pyx b/src/dependency_injector/providers.pyx
index 056ec17c..6d3f61ff 100644
--- a/src/dependency_injector/providers.pyx
+++ b/src/dependency_injector/providers.pyx
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ cdef class Provider(object):
     def __init__(self):
         """Initializer."""
         self.__overridden = tuple()
-        self.__overridden_len = 0
+        self.__last_overriding = None
         super(Provider, self).__init__()
 
     def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -91,8 +91,8 @@ cdef class Provider(object):
 
         Callable interface implementation.
         """
-        if self.__overridden_len != 0:
-            return self._call_last_overriding(args, kwargs)
+        if self.__last_overriding is not None:
+            return self.__last_overriding._provide(args, kwargs)
         return self._provide(args, kwargs)
 
     def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
@@ -146,12 +146,10 @@ cdef class Provider(object):
             provider = Object(provider)
 
         self.__overridden += (provider,)
-        self.__overridden_len += 1
+        self.__last_overriding = provider
 
         return OverridingContext(self, provider)
 
-    @cython.boundscheck(False)
-    @cython.wraparound(False)
     def reset_last_overriding(self):
         """Reset last overriding provider.
 
@@ -160,11 +158,14 @@ cdef class Provider(object):
 
         :rtype: None
         """
-        if self.__overridden_len == 0:
+        if len(self.__overridden) == 0:
             raise Error('Provider {0} is not overridden'.format(str(self)))
 
-        self.__overridden = self.__overridden[:self.__overridden_len - 1]
-        self.__overridden_len -= 1
+        self.__overridden = self.__overridden[:-1]
+        try:
+            self.__last_overriding = self.__overridden[-1]
+        except IndexError:
+            self.__last_overriding = None
 
     def reset_override(self):
         """Reset all overriding providers.
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ cdef class Provider(object):
         :rtype: None
         """
         self.__overridden = tuple()
-        self.__overridden_len = 0
+        self.__last_overriding = None
 
     def delegate(self):
         """Return provider's delegate.
@@ -190,13 +191,6 @@ cdef class Provider(object):
         """
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    @cython.boundscheck(False)
-    @cython.wraparound(False)
-    cpdef object _call_last_overriding(self, tuple args, dict kwargs):
-        """Call last overriding provider and return result."""
-        return  <object>self.__overridden[self.__overridden_len - 1](*args,
-                                                                     **kwargs)
-
 
 cdef class Object(Provider):
     """Object provider returns provided instance "as is".
@@ -332,10 +326,10 @@ cdef class ExternalDependency(Provider):
         """
         cdef object instance
 
-        if self.__overridden_len == 0:
+        if self.__last_overriding is None:
             raise Error('Dependency is not defined')
 
-        instance = self._call_last_overriding(args, kwargs)
+        instance = self.__last_overriding._provide(args, kwargs)
 
         if not isinstance(instance, self.instance_of):
             raise Error('{0} is not an '.format(instance) +
@@ -599,6 +593,47 @@ cdef class DelegatedCallable(Callable):
     __IS_DELEGATED__ = True
 
 
+cdef class AbstractCallable(Callable):
+    """Abstract callable provider.
+
+    :py:class:`AbstractCallable` is a :py:class:`Callable` provider that must
+    be explicitly overridden before calling.
+
+    Overriding of :py:class:`AbstractCallable` is possible only by another
+    :py:class:`Callable` provider.
+    """
+
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Return provided object.
+
+        Callable interface implementation.
+        """
+        if self.__last_overriding is None:
+            raise Error('{0} must be overridden before calling'.format(self))
+        return self.__last_overriding._provide(args, kwargs)
+
+    def override(self, provider):
+        """Override provider with another provider.
+
+        :param provider: Overriding provider.
+        :type provider: :py:class:`Provider`
+
+        :raise: :py:exc:`dependency_injector.errors.Error`
+
+        :return: Overriding context.
+        :rtype: :py:class:`OverridingContext`
+        """
+        if not isinstance(provider, Callable):
+            raise Error('{0} must be overridden only by '
+                        '{1} providers'.format(self, Callable))
+        return super(AbstractCallable, self).override(provider)
+
+    cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs):
+        """Return result of provided callable's call."""
+        raise NotImplementedError('Abstract provider forward providing logic '
+                                  'to overriding provider')
+
+
 cdef class Configuration(Provider):
     """Configuration provider.
 
@@ -973,6 +1008,46 @@ cdef class DelegatedFactory(Factory):
     __IS_DELEGATED__ = True
 
 
+cdef class AbstractFactory(Factory):
+    """Abstract factory provider.
+
+    :py:class:`AbstractFactory` is a :py:class:`Factory` provider that must
+    be explicitly overridden before calling.
+
+    Overriding of :py:class:`AbstractFactory` is possible only by another
+    :py:class:`Factory` provider.
+    """
+
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Return provided object.
+
+        Callable interface implementation.
+        """
+        if self.__last_overriding is None:
+            raise Error('{0} must be overridden before calling'.format(self))
+        return self.__last_overriding._provide(args, kwargs)
+
+    def override(self, provider):
+        """Override provider with another provider.
+
+        :param provider: Overriding provider.
+        :type provider: :py:class:`Provider`
+
+        :raise: :py:exc:`dependency_injector.errors.Error`
+
+        :return: Overriding context.
+        :rtype: :py:class:`OverridingContext`
+        """
+        if not isinstance(provider, Factory):
+            raise Error('{0} must be overridden only by '
+                        '{1} providers'.format(self, Factory))
+        return super(AbstractFactory, self).override(provider)
+
+    cpdef object _provide(self, tuple args, dict kwargs):
+        """Return result of provided callable's call."""
+        raise NotImplementedError('Abstract provider forward providing logic '
+                                  'to overriding provider')
+
 cdef class BaseSingleton(Provider):
     """Base class of singleton providers."""
 
@@ -1359,6 +1434,51 @@ cdef class DelegatedThreadLocalSingleton(ThreadLocalSingleton):
     __IS_DELEGATED__ = True
 
 
+cdef class AbstractSingleton(BaseSingleton):
+    """Abstract singleton provider.
+
+    :py:class:`AbstractSingleton` is a :py:class:`Singleton` provider that must
+    be explicitly overridden before calling.
+
+    Overriding of :py:class:`AbstractSingleton` is possible only by another
+    :py:class:`BaseSingleton` provider.
+    """
+
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Return provided object.
+
+        Callable interface implementation.
+        """
+        if self.__last_overriding is None:
+            raise Error('{0} must be overridden before calling'.format(self))
+        return self.__last_overriding._provide(args, kwargs)
+
+    def override(self, provider):
+        """Override provider with another provider.
+
+        :param provider: Overriding provider.
+        :type provider: :py:class:`Provider`
+
+        :raise: :py:exc:`dependency_injector.errors.Error`
+
+        :return: Overriding context.
+        :rtype: :py:class:`OverridingContext`
+        """
+        if not isinstance(provider, BaseSingleton):
+            raise Error('{0} must be overridden only by '
+                        '{1} providers'.format(self, BaseSingleton))
+        return super(AbstractSingleton, self).override(provider)
+
+    def reset(self):
+        """Reset cached instance, if any.
+
+        :rtype: None
+        """
+        if self.__last_overriding is None:
+            raise Error('{0} must be overridden before calling'.format(self))
+        return self.__last_overriding.reset()
+
+
 cdef class Injection(object):
     """Abstract injection class."""
 
diff --git a/tests/performance/test.py b/tests/performance/test.py
index 59464a9c..0ac4deed 100644
--- a/tests/performance/test.py
+++ b/tests/performance/test.py
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ class Tester(object):
 #         for x in xrange(int(5000000 * self.duration_factor)):
 #             test_factory(1, 2, 3)
 
-    def test_instance_3_kw_injections(self, providers):
+    def test_raw_3_kw_injections(self, providers):
         """Test 3 keyword argument injections."""
         class A(object):
             pass
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class Tester(object):
         for x in xrange(int(5000000 * self.duration_factor)):
             Test(a=A(), b=B(), c=C())
 
-    def test_instance_factory_3_factory_kw_injections(self, providers):
+    def test_factory_3_factory_kw_injections(self, providers):
         """Test factory with 3 keyword argument injections via factories."""
         class A(object):
             pass
@@ -117,6 +117,32 @@ class Tester(object):
         for x in xrange(int(5000000 * self.duration_factor)):
             test_factory()
 
+    def test_abstract_factory_3_factory_kw_injections(self, providers):
+        """Test factory with 3 keyword argument injections via factories."""
+        class A(object):
+            pass
+
+        class B(object):
+            pass
+
+        class C(object):
+            pass
+
+        class Test(object):
+            def __init__(self, a, b, c):
+                pass
+
+        a_factory = providers.Factory(A)
+        b_factory = providers.Factory(B)
+        c_factory = providers.Factory(C)
+        test_factory = providers.AbstractFactory(object)
+        test_factory.override(providers.Factory(Test,
+                                                a=a_factory,
+                                                b=b_factory,
+                                                c=c_factory))
+        for x in xrange(int(5000000 * self.duration_factor)):
+            test_factory()
+
 #     def test_factory_subcls_3_factory_subcls_kw_injections(self, providers):
 #         """Test factory with 3 keyword argument injections via factories."""
 #         class MyFactory(providers.Factory):
diff --git a/tests/unit/providers/test_callables.py b/tests/unit/providers/test_callables.py
index 35481e0f..9dace366 100644
--- a/tests/unit/providers/test_callables.py
+++ b/tests/unit/providers/test_callables.py
@@ -8,13 +8,14 @@ from dependency_injector import (
 )
 
 
+def _example(arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4):
+    return arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4
+
+
 class CallableTests(unittest.TestCase):
 
-    def example(self, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4):
-        return arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4
-
     def test_init_with_callable(self):
-        self.assertTrue(providers.Callable(self.example))
+        self.assertTrue(providers.Callable(_example))
 
     def test_init_with_not_callable(self):
         self.assertRaises(errors.Error, providers.Callable, 123)
@@ -24,66 +25,66 @@ class CallableTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertTrue(provider())
 
     def test_call_with_positional_args(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example,
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example,
                                       1, 2, 3, 4)
         self.assertTupleEqual(provider(), (1, 2, 3, 4))
 
     def test_call_with_keyword_args(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example,
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example,
                                       arg1=1, arg2=2, arg3=3, arg4=4)
         self.assertTupleEqual(provider(), (1, 2, 3, 4))
 
     def test_call_with_positional_and_keyword_args(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example,
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example,
                                       1, 2,
                                       arg3=3, arg4=4)
         self.assertTupleEqual(provider(), (1, 2, 3, 4))
 
     def test_call_with_context_args(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example, 1, 2)
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example, 1, 2)
         self.assertTupleEqual(provider(3, 4), (1, 2, 3, 4))
 
     def test_call_with_context_kwargs(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example, arg1=1)
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example, arg1=1)
         self.assertTupleEqual(provider(arg2=2, arg3=3, arg4=4), (1, 2, 3, 4))
 
     def test_call_with_context_args_and_kwargs(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example, 1)
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example, 1)
         self.assertTupleEqual(provider(2, arg3=3, arg4=4), (1, 2, 3, 4))
 
     def test_fluent_interface(self):
-        provider = providers.Singleton(self.example) \
+        provider = providers.Singleton(_example) \
             .add_args(1, 2) \
             .add_kwargs(arg3=3, arg4=4)
 
         self.assertTupleEqual(provider(), (1, 2, 3, 4))
 
     def test_set_args(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example) \
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example) \
             .add_args(1, 2) \
             .set_args(3, 4)
         self.assertEqual(provider.args, tuple([3, 4]))
 
     def test_set_kwargs(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example) \
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example) \
             .add_kwargs(init_arg3=3, init_arg4=4) \
             .set_kwargs(init_arg3=4, init_arg4=5)
         self.assertEqual(provider.kwargs, dict(init_arg3=4, init_arg4=5))
 
     def test_clear_args(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example) \
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example) \
             .add_args(1, 2) \
             .clear_args()
         self.assertEqual(provider.args, tuple())
 
     def test_clear_kwargs(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example) \
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example) \
             .add_kwargs(init_arg3=3, init_arg4=4) \
             .clear_kwargs()
         self.assertEqual(provider.kwargs, dict())
 
     def test_call_overridden(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example)
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example)
 
         provider.override(providers.Object((4, 3, 2, 1)))
         provider.override(providers.Object((1, 2, 3, 4)))
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ class CallableTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertTupleEqual(provider(), (1, 2, 3, 4))
 
     def test_deepcopy(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example)
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example)
 
         provider_copy = providers.deepcopy(provider)
 
@@ -100,8 +101,8 @@ class CallableTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIsInstance(provider, providers.Callable)
 
     def test_deepcopy_from_memo(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example)
-        provider_copy_memo = providers.Callable(self.example)
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example)
+        provider_copy_memo = providers.Callable(_example)
 
         provider_copy = providers.deepcopy(
             provider, memo={id(provider): provider_copy_memo})
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ class CallableTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIs(provider_copy, provider_copy_memo)
 
     def test_deepcopy_args(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example)
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example)
         dependent_provider1 = providers.Callable(list)
         dependent_provider2 = providers.Callable(dict)
 
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ class CallableTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIsNot(dependent_provider2, dependent_provider_copy2)
 
     def test_deepcopy_kwargs(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example)
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example)
         dependent_provider1 = providers.Callable(list)
         dependent_provider2 = providers.Callable(dict)
 
@@ -151,7 +152,7 @@ class CallableTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIsNot(dependent_provider2, dependent_provider_copy2)
 
     def test_deepcopy_overridden(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example)
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example)
         object_provider = providers.Object(object())
 
         provider.override(object_provider)
@@ -167,34 +168,86 @@ class CallableTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIsInstance(object_provider_copy, providers.Object)
 
     def test_repr(self):
-        provider = providers.Callable(self.example)
+        provider = providers.Callable(_example)
 
         self.assertEqual(repr(provider),
                          '<dependency_injector.providers.'
                          'Callable({0}) at {1}>'.format(
-                             repr(self.example),
+                             repr(_example),
                              hex(id(provider))))
 
 
 class DelegatedCallableTests(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_inheritance(self):
-        self.assertIsInstance(providers.DelegatedCallable(len),
+        self.assertIsInstance(providers.DelegatedCallable(_example),
                               providers.Callable)
 
     def test_is_provider(self):
         self.assertTrue(
-            providers.is_provider(providers.DelegatedCallable(len)))
+            providers.is_provider(providers.DelegatedCallable(_example)))
 
     def test_is_delegated_provider(self):
-        provider = providers.DelegatedCallable(len)
+        provider = providers.DelegatedCallable(_example)
         self.assertTrue(providers.is_delegated(provider))
 
     def test_repr(self):
-        provider = providers.DelegatedCallable(len)
+        provider = providers.DelegatedCallable(_example)
 
         self.assertEqual(repr(provider),
                          '<dependency_injector.providers.'
                          'DelegatedCallable({0}) at {1}>'.format(
-                             repr(len),
+                             repr(_example),
+                             hex(id(provider))))
+
+
+class AbstractCallableTests(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def test_inheritance(self):
+        self.assertIsInstance(providers.AbstractCallable(_example),
+                              providers.Callable)
+
+    def test_call_overridden_by_callable(self):
+        def _abstract_example():
+            pass
+
+        provider = providers.AbstractCallable(_abstract_example)
+        provider.override(providers.Callable(_example))
+
+        self.assertTrue(provider(1, 2, 3, 4), (1, 2, 3, 4))
+
+    def test_call_overridden_by_delegated_callable(self):
+        def _abstract_example():
+            pass
+
+        provider = providers.AbstractCallable(_abstract_example)
+        provider.override(providers.DelegatedCallable(_example))
+
+        self.assertTrue(provider(1, 2, 3, 4), (1, 2, 3, 4))
+
+    def test_call_not_overridden(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractCallable(_example)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(errors.Error):
+            provider(1, 2, 3, 4)
+
+    def test_override_by_not_callable(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractCallable(_example)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(errors.Error):
+            provider.override(providers.Factory(object))
+
+    def test_provide_not_implemented(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractCallable(_example)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError):
+            provider._provide((1, 2, 3, 4), dict())
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractCallable(_example)
+
+        self.assertEqual(repr(provider),
+                         '<dependency_injector.providers.'
+                         'AbstractCallable({0}) at {1}>'.format(
+                             repr(_example),
                              hex(id(provider))))
diff --git a/tests/unit/providers/test_factories.py b/tests/unit/providers/test_factories.py
index 3d61bcfc..bb463176 100644
--- a/tests/unit/providers/test_factories.py
+++ b/tests/unit/providers/test_factories.py
@@ -353,3 +353,49 @@ class DelegatedFactoryTests(unittest.TestCase):
                          'DelegatedFactory({0}) at {1}>'.format(
                              repr(Example),
                              hex(id(provider))))
+
+
+class AbstractFactoryTests(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def test_inheritance(self):
+        self.assertIsInstance(providers.AbstractFactory(Example),
+                              providers.Factory)
+
+    def test_call_overridden_by_factory(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractFactory(object)
+        provider.override(providers.Factory(Example))
+
+        self.assertIsInstance(provider(), Example)
+
+    def test_call_overridden_by_delegated_factory(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractFactory(object)
+        provider.override(providers.DelegatedFactory(Example))
+
+        self.assertIsInstance(provider(), Example)
+
+    def test_call_not_overridden(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractFactory(object)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(errors.Error):
+            provider()
+
+    def test_override_by_not_factory(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractFactory(object)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(errors.Error):
+            provider.override(providers.Callable(object))
+
+    def test_provide_not_implemented(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractFactory(Example)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError):
+            provider._provide(tuple(), dict())
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractFactory(Example)
+
+        self.assertEqual(repr(provider),
+                         '<dependency_injector.providers.'
+                         'AbstractFactory({0}) at {1}>'.format(
+                             repr(Example),
+                             hex(id(provider))))
diff --git a/tests/unit/providers/test_singletons.py b/tests/unit/providers/test_singletons.py
index 2ff4b61b..fba7964f 100644
--- a/tests/unit/providers/test_singletons.py
+++ b/tests/unit/providers/test_singletons.py
@@ -432,3 +432,63 @@ class DelegatedThreadSafeSingletonTests(_BaseSingletonTestCase,
                          'DelegatedThreadSafeSingleton({0}) at {1}>'.format(
                              repr(Example),
                              hex(id(provider))))
+
+
+class AbstractSingletonTests(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def test_inheritance(self):
+        self.assertIsInstance(providers.AbstractSingleton(Example),
+                              providers.BaseSingleton)
+
+    def test_call_overridden_by_singleton(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractSingleton(object)
+        provider.override(providers.Singleton(Example))
+
+        self.assertIsInstance(provider(), Example)
+
+    def test_call_overridden_by_delegated_singleton(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractSingleton(object)
+        provider.override(providers.DelegatedSingleton(Example))
+
+        self.assertIsInstance(provider(), Example)
+
+    def test_call_not_overridden(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractSingleton(object)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(errors.Error):
+            provider()
+
+    def test_reset_overridden(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractSingleton(object)
+        provider.override(providers.Singleton(Example))
+
+        instance1 = provider()
+
+        provider.reset()
+
+        instance2 = provider()
+
+        self.assertIsNot(instance1, instance2)
+        self.assertIsInstance(instance1, Example)
+        self.assertIsInstance(instance2, Example)
+
+    def test_reset_not_overridden(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractSingleton(object)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(errors.Error):
+            provider.reset()
+
+    def test_override_by_not_singleton(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractSingleton(object)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(errors.Error):
+            provider.override(providers.Factory(object))
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        provider = providers.AbstractSingleton(Example)
+
+        self.assertEqual(repr(provider),
+                         '<dependency_injector.providers.'
+                         'AbstractSingleton({0}) at {1}>'.format(
+                             repr(Example),
+                             hex(id(provider))))