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https://github.com/ets-labs/python-dependency-injector.git
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Update examples for 3.0
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"""`inject()` decorator and Flask view example."""
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import sqlite3
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import flask
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import dependency_injector.providers as providers
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import dependency_injector.injections as injections
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database = providers.Singleton(sqlite3.connect,
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':memory:',
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timeout=30,
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detect_types=True,
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isolation_level='EXCLUSIVE')
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app = flask.Flask(__name__)
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@app.route('/')
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@injections.inject(database)
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@injections.inject(flask.request)
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def hello(request, database):
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"""Example Flask view."""
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print request
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one = database.execute('SELECT 1').fetchone()[0]
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return 'Query returned {0}, db connection {1}'.format(one, database)
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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app.run()
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# Example output of "GET / HTTP/1.1" is:
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# Query returned 1, db connection <sqlite3.Connection object at 0x1057e4030>
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@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
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"""`inject()` decorator with classes example."""
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import sqlite3
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import flask
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import flask.views
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import dependency_injector.providers as providers
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import dependency_injector.injections as injections
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database = providers.Singleton(sqlite3.Connection,
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database=':memory:',
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timeout=30,
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detect_types=True,
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isolation_level='EXCLUSIVE')
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app = flask.Flask(__name__)
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@injections.inject(database=database)
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@injections.inject(some_setting=777)
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class HelloView(flask.views.View):
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"""Example flask class-based view."""
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def __init__(self, database, some_setting):
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"""Initializer."""
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self.database = database
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self.some_setting = some_setting
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def dispatch_request(self):
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"""Handle example request."""
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one = self.database.execute('SELECT 1').fetchone()[0]
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one *= self.some_setting
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return 'Query returned {0}, db connection {1}'.format(one, database)
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app.add_url_rule('/', view_func=HelloView.as_view('hello_view'))
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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app.run()
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# Example output of "GET / HTTP/1.1" is:
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# Query returned 777, db connection <sqlite3.Connection object at 0x1057e4030>
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"""`inject()` decorator simple example."""
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import dependency_injector.providers as providers
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import dependency_injector.injections as injections
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dependency_injector_factory = providers.Factory(object)
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# Example of using `inject()` decorator keyword argument injections:
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@injections.inject(new_object=dependency_injector_factory)
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@injections.inject(some_setting=1334)
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def example_callback1(new_object, some_setting):
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"""Example callback that does some asserts for input args."""
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assert isinstance(new_object, object)
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assert some_setting == 1334
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# Example of using `inject()` decorator with positional argument injections:
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@injections.inject(dependency_injector_factory, 1334)
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def example_callback2(new_object, some_setting):
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"""Example callback that does some asserts for input args."""
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assert isinstance(new_object, object)
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assert some_setting == 1334
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example_callback1()
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example_callback2()
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class _SequenceContainer1(SequencesContainer):
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class _SequenceContainer1(SequencesContainer):
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object_provider = providers.Factory(object)
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object_provider = providers.Factory(object)
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except errors.Error as exception:
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except errors.Error as exception:
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print exception
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print(exception)
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# <class '__main__._SequenceContainer1'> can contain only
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# <class '__main__._SequenceContainer1'> can contain only
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# <class '__main__.SequenceProvider'> instances
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# <class '__main__.SequenceProvider'> instances
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class _SequenceContainer2(SequencesContainer):
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class _SequenceContainer2(SequencesContainer):
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object_provider = SequenceProvider(object)
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object_provider = SequenceProvider(object)
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except errors.Error as exception:
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except errors.Error as exception:
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print exception
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print(exception)
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# <class '__main__.SequenceProvider'> can provide only
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# <class '__main__.SequenceProvider'> can provide only
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# <class '_abcoll.Sequence'> instances
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# <class '_abcoll.Sequence'> instances
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try:
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try:
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sequences_container.object_provider = providers.Factory(object)
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sequences_container.object_provider = providers.Factory(object)
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except errors.Error as exception:
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except errors.Error as exception:
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print exception
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print(exception)
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# <dependency_injector.containers.DynamicContainer object at
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# <dependency_injector.containers.DynamicContainer object at
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# 0x107820ed0> can contain only <class '__main__.SequenceProvider'>
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# 0x107820ed0> can contain only <class '__main__.SequenceProvider'>
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# instances
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# instances
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try:
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try:
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sequences_container.object_provider = SequenceProvider(object)
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sequences_container.object_provider = SequenceProvider(object)
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except errors.Error as exception:
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except errors.Error as exception:
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print exception
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print(exception)
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# <class '__main__.SequenceProvider'> can provide only
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# <class '__main__.SequenceProvider'> can provide only
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# <class '_abcoll.Sequence'> instances
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# <class '_abcoll.Sequence'> instances
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@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ class ApiClient(object):
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def call(self, operation, data):
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def call(self, operation, data):
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"""Make some network operations."""
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"""Make some network operations."""
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print 'API call [{0}:{1}], method - {2}, data - {3}'.format(
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print('API call [{0}:{1}], method - {2}, data - {3}'.format(
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self.host, self.api_key, operation, repr(data))
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self.host, self.api_key, operation, repr(data)))
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"""Pythonic way for Dependency Injection - Auth System."""
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from dependency_injector import providers
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from dependency_injector import injections
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@providers.DelegatedCallable
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def get_user_info(user_id):
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"""Return user info."""
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raise NotImplementedError()
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@providers.Factory
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@injections.inject(get_user_info=get_user_info)
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class AuthComponent(object):
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"""Some authentication component."""
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def __init__(self, get_user_info):
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"""Initializer."""
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self.get_user_info = get_user_info
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def authenticate_user(self, token):
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"""Authenticate user by token."""
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user_info = self.get_user_info(user_id=token + '1')
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return user_info
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print AuthComponent
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print get_user_info
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@providers.override(get_user_info)
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@providers.DelegatedCallable
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def get_user_info(user_id):
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"""Return user info."""
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return {'user_id': user_id}
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print AuthComponent().authenticate_user(token='abc')
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# {'user_id': 'abc1'}
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"""Pythonic way for Dependency Injection - callback-based IoC container."""
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import sqlite3
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from dependency_injector import containers
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from dependency_injector import providers
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from dependency_injector import injections
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class UsersService(object):
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"""Users service, that has dependency on database."""
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def __init__(self, db):
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"""Initializer."""
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self.db = db
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class AuthService(object):
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"""Auth service, that has dependencies on users service and database."""
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def __init__(self, db, users_service):
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"""Initializer."""
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self.db = db
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self.users_service = users_service
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class Services(containers.DeclarativeContainer):
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"""IoC container of service providers."""
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@providers.Singleton
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def database():
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"""Provide database connection.
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:rtype: sqlite3.Connection
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"""
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return sqlite3.connect(':memory:')
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@providers.Factory
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@injections.inject(db=database)
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def users(**kwargs):
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"""Provide users service.
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:rtype: UsersService
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"""
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return UsersService(**kwargs)
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@providers.Factory
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@injections.inject(db=database)
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@injections.inject(users_service=users)
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def auth(**kwargs):
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"""Provide users service.
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:rtype: AuthService
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"""
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return AuthService(**kwargs)
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# Retrieving services:
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users_service = Services.users()
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auth_service = Services.auth()
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# Making some asserts:
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assert users_service.db is auth_service.db is Services.database()
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assert isinstance(auth_service.users_service, UsersService)
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assert users_service is not Services.users()
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assert auth_service is not Services.auth()
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even_filter = providers.Callable(filter, lambda x: x % 2 == 0)
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even_filter = providers.Callable(filter, lambda x: x % 2 == 0)
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odd_filter = providers.Callable(filter, lambda x: x % 2 != 0)
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odd_filter = providers.Callable(filter, lambda x: x % 2 != 0)
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# Creating even and odd ranges using xrange() and filter providers:
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# Creating even and odd ranges using range() and filter providers:
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even_range = even_filter(xrange(1, 10))
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even_range = even_filter(range(1, 10))
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odd_range = odd_filter(xrange(1, 10))
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odd_range = odd_filter(range(1, 10))
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# Making some asserts:
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# Making some asserts:
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assert even_range == [2, 4, 6, 8]
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assert even_range == [2, 4, 6, 8]
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try:
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try:
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some_service_provider = ServiceProvider(object)
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some_service_provider = ServiceProvider(object)
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except errors.Error as exception:
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except errors.Error as exception:
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print exception
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print(exception)
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# <class '__main__.ServiceProvider'> can provide only
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# <class '__main__.ServiceProvider'> can provide only
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# <class '__main__.BaseService'> instances
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# <class '__main__.BaseService'> instances
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try:
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try:
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some_service_provider = ServiceProvider(object)
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some_service_provider = ServiceProvider(object)
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except errors.Error as exception:
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except errors.Error as exception:
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print exception
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print(exception)
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# <class '__main__.ServiceProvider'> can provide only
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# <class '__main__.ServiceProvider'> can provide only
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# <class '__main__.BaseService'> instances
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# <class '__main__.BaseService'> instances
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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# Create 10 threads for concurrent execution of example():
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# Create 10 threads for concurrent execution of example():
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threads = []
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threads = []
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for thread_number in xrange(10):
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for thread_number in range(10):
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threads.append(thread_factory(name='Thread{0}'.format(thread_number)))
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threads.append(thread_factory(name='Thread{0}'.format(thread_number)))
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# Start execution of all created threads:
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# Start execution of all created threads:
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