spaCy/website/docs/usage/v2.jade

//- 💫 DOCS > USAGE > WHAT'S NEW IN V2.0

include ../../_includes/_mixins

p

p
    |  On this page, you'll find a summary of the #[+a("#features") new features],
    |  information on the #[+a("#incompat") backwards incompatibilities],
    |  including a handy overview of what's been renamed or deprecated.
    |  To help you make the most of v2.0, we also
    |  #[strong re-wrote almost all of the usage guides and API docs], and added
    |  more real-world examples. If you're new to spaCy, or just want to brush
    |  up on some NLP basics and the details of the library, check out
    |  the #[+a("/docs/usage/spacy-101") spaCy 101 guide] that explains the most
    |  important concepts with examples and illustrations.

+h(2, "features") New features

p
    |  This section contains an overview of the most important
    |  #[strong new features and improvements]. The #[+a("/docs/api") API docs]
    |  include additional  deprecation notes. New methods and functions that
    |  were introduced in this version are marked with a #[+tag-new(2)] tag.

+h(3, "features-pipelines") Improved processing pipelines

+aside-code("Example").
    # Modify an existing pipeline
    nlp = spacy.load('en')
    nlp.pipeline.append(my_component)

    # Register a factory to create a component
    spacy.set_factory('my_factory', my_factory)
    nlp = Language(pipeline=['my_factory', mycomponent])

p
    |  It's now much easier to #[strong customise the pipeline] with your own
    |  components, functions that receive a #[code Doc] object, modify and
    |  return it. If your component is stateful, you can define and register a
    |  factory which receives the shared #[code Vocab] object and returns a
    |  component. spaCy's default components can be added to your pipeline by
    |  using their string IDs. This way, you won't have to worry about finding
    |  and implementing them – simply add #[code "tagger"] to the pipeline,
    |  and spaCy will know what to do.

+image
    include ../../assets/img/docs/pipeline.svg

+infobox
    |  #[strong API:] #[+api("language") #[code Language]]
    |  #[strong Usage:] #[+a("/docs/usage/language-processing-pipeline") Processing text]

+h(3, "features-hash-ids") Hash values instead of integer IDs

+aside-code("Example").
    doc = nlp(u'I love coffee')
    assert doc.vocab.strings[u'coffee'] == 3197928453018144401
    assert doc.vocab.strings[3197928453018144401] == u'coffee'

    beer_hash = doc.vocab.strings.add(u'beer')
    assert doc.vocab.strings[u'beer'] == beer_hash
    assert doc.vocab.strings[beer_hash] == u'beer'

p
    |  The #[+api("stringstore") #[code StringStore]] now resolves all strings
    |  to hash values instead of integer IDs. This means that the string-to-int
    |  mapping #[strong no longer depends on the vocabulary state], making a lot
    |  of workflows much simpler, especially during training. Unlike integer IDs
    |  in spaCy v1.x, hash values will #[strong always match] – even across
    |  models. Strings can now be added explicitly using the new
    |  #[+api("stringstore#add") #[code Stringstore.add]] method. A token's hash
    |  is available via #[code token.orth].

+infobox
    |  #[strong API:] #[+api("stringstore") #[code StringStore]]
    |  #[strong Usage:] #[+a("/docs/usage/spacy-101#vocab") Vocab, hashes and lexemes 101]

+h(3, "features-serializer") Saving, loading and serialization

+aside-code("Example").
    nlp = spacy.load('en') # shortcut link
    nlp = spacy.load('en_core_web_sm') # package
    nlp = spacy.load('/path/to/en') # unicode path
    nlp = spacy.load(Path('/path/to/en')) # pathlib Path

    nlp.to_disk('/path/to/nlp')
    nlp = English().from_disk('/path/to/nlp')

p
    |  spay's serialization API has been made consistent across classes and
    |  objects. All container classes, i.e. #[code Language], #[code Doc],
    |  #[code Vocab] and #[code StringStore] now have a #[code to_bytes()],
    |  #[code from_bytes()], #[code to_disk()] and #[code from_disk()] method
    |  that supports the Pickle protocol.

p
    |  The improved #[code spacy.load] makes loading models easier and more
    |  transparent. You can load a model by supplying its
    |  #[+a("/docs/usage/models#usage") shortcut link], the name of an installed
    |  #[+a("/docs/usage/saving-loading#generating") model package] or a path.
    |  The #[code Language] class to initialise will be determined based on the
    |  model's settings. For a blank language, you can import the class directly,
    |  e.g. #[code from spacy.lang.en import English].

+infobox
    |  #[strong API:] #[+api("spacy#load") #[code spacy.load]], #[+api("binder") #[code Binder]]
    |  #[strong Usage:] #[+a("/docs/usage/saving-loading") Saving and loading]

+h(3, "features-displacy") displaCy visualizer with Jupyter support

+aside-code("Example").
    from spacy import displacy
    doc = nlp(u'This is a sentence about Facebook.')
    displacy.serve(doc, style='dep') # run the web server
    html = displacy.render(doc, style='ent') # generate HTML

p
    |  Our popular dependency and named entity visualizers are now an official
    |  part of the spaCy library! displaCy can run a simple web server, or
    |  generate raw HTML markup or SVG files to be exported. You can pass in one
    |  or more docs, and customise the style. displaCy also auto-detects whether
    |  you're running #[+a("https://jupyter.org") Jupyter] and will render the
    |  visualizations in your notebook.

+infobox
    |  #[strong API:] #[+api("displacy") #[code displacy]]
    |  #[strong Usage:] #[+a("/docs/usage/visualizers") Visualizing spaCy]

+h(3, "features-language") Improved language data and lazy loading

p
    |  Language-specfic data now lives in its own submodule, #[code spacy.lang].
    |  Languages are lazy-loaded, i.e. only loaded when you import a
    |  #[code Language] class, or load a model that initialises one. This allows
    |  languages to contain more custom data, e.g. lemmatizer lookup tables, or
    |  complex regular expressions. The language data has also been tidied up
    |  and simplified. spaCy now also supports simple lookup-based lemmatization.

+infobox
    |  #[strong API:] #[+api("language") #[code Language]]
    |  #[strong Code:] #[+src(gh("spaCy", "spacy/lang")) spacy/lang]
    |  #[strong Usage:] #[+a("/docs/usage/adding-languages") Adding languages]

+h(3, "features-matcher") Revised matcher API

+aside-code("Example").
    from spacy.matcher import Matcher
    matcher = Matcher(nlp.vocab)
    matcher.add('HEARTS', None, [{'ORTH': '❤️', 'OP': '+'}])
    assert len(matcher) == 1
    assert 'HEARTS' in matcher

p
    |  Patterns can now be added to the matcher by calling
    |  #[+api("matcher-add") #[code matcher.add()]] with a match ID, an optional
    |  callback function to be invoked on each match, and one or more patterns.
    |  This allows you to write powerful, pattern-specific logic using only one
    |  matcher. For example, you might only want to merge some entity types,
    |  and set custom flags for other matched patterns.

+infobox
    |  #[strong API:] #[+api("matcher") #[code Matcher]]
    |  #[strong Usage:] #[+a("/docs/usage/rule-based-matching") Rule-based matching]

+h(3, "features-models") Neural network models for English, German, French, Spanish and multi-language NER

+aside-code("Example", "bash").
    python -m spacy download en # default English model
    python -m spacy download de # default German model
    python -m spacy download fr # default French model
    python -m spacy download es # default Spanish model
    python -m spacy download xx_ent_web_md # multi-language NER

p
    |  spaCy v2.0 comes with new and improved neural network models for English,
    |  German, French and Spanish, as well as a multi-language named entity
    |  recognition model trained on Wikipedia. #[strong GPU usage] is now
    |  supported via #[+a("http://chainer.org") Chainer]'s CuPy module.

+infobox
    |  #[strong Details:] #[+a("/docs/api/language-models") Languages],
    |  #[+src(gh("spacy-models")) spacy-models]
    |  #[strong Usage:] #[+a("/docs/usage/models") Models],
    |  #[+a("/docs/usage#gpu") Using spaCy with GPU]

+h(2, "incompat") Backwards incompatibilities

+table(["Old", "New"])
    +row
        +cell
            |  #[code spacy.en]
            |  #[code spacy.xx]
        +cell
            |  #[code spacy.lang.en]
            |  #[code spacy.lang.xx]

    +row
        +cell #[code spacy.orth]
        +cell #[code spacy.lang.xx.lex_attrs]

    +row
        +cell #[code cli.model]
        +cell -

    +row
        +cell #[code Language.save_to_directory]
        +cell #[+api("language#to_disk") #[code Language.to_disk]]

    +row
        +cell #[code Language.create_make_doc]
        +cell #[+api("language#attributes") #[code Language.tokenizer]]

    +row
        +cell
            |  #[code Vocab.load]
            |  #[code Vocab.load_lexemes]
            |  #[code Vocab.load_vectors]
            |  #[code Vocab.load_vectors_from_bin_loc]
        +cell
            |  #[+api("vocab#from_disk") #[code Vocab.from_disk]]
            |  #[+api("vocab#from_bytes") #[code Vocab.from_bytes]]

    +row
        +cell
            |  #[code Vocab.dump]
            |  #[code Vocab.dump_vectors]
        +cell
            |  #[+api("vocab#to_disk") #[code Vocab.to_disk]]
            |  #[+api("vocab#to_bytes") #[code Vocab.to_bytes]]

    +row
        +cell
            |  #[code StringStore.load]
        +cell
            |  #[+api("stringstore#from_disk") #[code StringStore.from_disk]]
            |  #[+api("stringstore#from_bytes") #[code StringStore.from_bytes]]

    +row
        +cell
            |  #[code StringStore.dump]
        +cell
            |  #[+api("stringstore#to_disk") #[code StringStore.to_disk]]
            |  #[+api("stringstore#to_bytes") #[code StringStore.to_bytes]]

    +row
        +cell #[code Tokenizer.load]
        +cell -

    +row
        +cell #[code Tagger.load]
        +cell
            |  #[+api("tagger#from_disk") #[code Tagger.from_disk]]
            |  #[+api("tagger#from_bytes") #[code Tagger.from_bytes]]

    +row
        +cell #[code DependencyParser.load]
        +cell
            |  #[+api("dependencyparser#from_disk") #[code DependencyParser.from_disk]]
            |  #[+api("dependencyparser#from_bytes") #[code DependencyParser.from_bytes]]

    +row
        +cell #[code EntityRecognizer.load]
        +cell
            |  #[+api("entityrecognizer#from_disk") #[code EntityRecognizer.from_disk]]
            |  #[+api("entityrecognizer#from_bytes") #[code EntityRecognizer.from_bytes]]

    +row
        +cell #[code Matcher.load]
        +cell -

    +row
        +cell
            |  #[code Matcher.add_pattern]
            |  #[code Matcher.add_entity]
        +cell #[+api("matcher#add") #[code Matcher.add]]

    +row
        +cell #[code Matcher.get_entity]
        +cell #[+api("matcher#get") #[code Matcher.get]]

    +row
        +cell #[code Matcher.has_entity]
        +cell #[+api("matcher#contains") #[code Matcher.__contains__]]

    +row
        +cell #[code Doc.read_bytes]
        +cell #[+api("binder") #[code Binder]]

    +row
        +cell #[code Token.is_ancestor_of]
        +cell #[+api("token#is_ancestor") #[code Token.is_ancestor]]

+h(2, "migrating") Migrating from spaCy 1.x

p
    |  If you've mostly been using spaCy for basic text processing, chances are
    |  you won't even have to change your code at all. For all other cases,
    |  we've tried to focus...

+infobox("Some tips")
    |  Before migrating, we strongly recommend writing a few
    |  #[strong simple tests] specific to how you're using spaCy in your
    |  application. This makes it easier to check whether your code requires
    |  changes, and if so, which parts are affected.
    |  (By the way, feel free contribute your tests to
    |  #[+src(gh("spaCy", "spacy/tests")) our test suite] – this will also ensure
    |  we never accidentally introduce a bug in a workflow that's
    |  important to you.) If you've trained your own models, keep in mind that
    |  your train and runtime inputs must match. This means you'll have to
    |  #[strong retrain your models] with spaCy v2.0 to make them compatible.


+h(3, "migrating-saving-loading") Saving, loading and serialization

p
    |  Double-check all calls to #[code spacy.load()] and make sure they don't
    |  use the #[code path] keyword argument. If you're only loading in binary
    |  data and not a model package that can construct its own #[code Language]
    |  class and pipeline, you should now use the
    |  #[+api("language#from_disk") #[code Language.from_disk()]] method.

+code-new.
    nlp = spacy.load('/model')
    nlp = English().from_disk('/model/data')
+code-old nlp = spacy.load('en', path='/model')

p
    |  Review all other code that writes state to disk or bytes.
    |  All containers, now share the same, consistent API for saving and
    |  loading. Replace saving with #[code to_disk()] or #[code to_bytes()], and
    |  loading with #[code from_disk()] and #[code from_bytes()].

+code-new.
    nlp.to_disk('/model')
    nlp.vocab.to_disk('/vocab')

+code-old.
    nlp.save_to_directory('/model')
    nlp.vocab.dump('/vocab')

+h(3, "migrating-strings") Strings and hash values

p
    |  The change from integer IDs to hash values may not actually affect your
    |  code very much. However, if you're adding strings to the vocab manually,
    |  you now need to call #[+api("stringstore#add") #[code StringStore.add()]]
    |  explicitly. You can also now be sure that the string-to-hash mapping will
    |  always match across vocabularies.

+code-new.
    nlp.vocab.strings.add(u'coffee')
    nlp.vocab.strings[u'coffee']       # 3197928453018144401
    other_nlp.vocab.strings[u'coffee'] # 3197928453018144401

+code-old.
    nlp.vocab.strings[u'coffee']       # 3672
    other_nlp.vocab.strings[u'coffee'] # 40259

+h(3, "migrating-languages") Processing pipelines and language data

p
    |  If you're importing language data or #[code Language] classes, make sure
    |  to change your import statements to import from #[code spacy.lang]. If
    |  you've added your own custom language, it needs to be moved to
    |  #[code spacy/lang/xx] and adjusted accordingly.

+code-new from spacy.lang.en import English
+code-old from spacy.en import English

p
    |  If you've been using custom pipeline components, check out the new
    |  guide on #[+a("/docs/usage/language-processing-pipelines") processing pipelines].
    |  Appending functions to the pipeline still works – but you might be able
    |  to make this more convenient by registering "component factories".
    |  Components of the processing pipeline can now be disabled by passing a
    |  list of their names to the #[code disable] keyword argument on loading
    |  or processing.

+code-new.
    nlp = spacy.load('en', disable=['tagger', 'ner'])
    doc = nlp(u"I don't want parsed", disable=['parser'])
+code-old.
    nlp = spacy.load('en', tagger=False, entity=False)
    doc = nlp(u"I don't want parsed", parse=False)

+h(3, "migrating-matcher") Adding patterns and callbacks to the matcher

p
    |  If you're using the matcher, you can now add patterns in one step. This
    |  should be easy to update – simply merge the ID, callback and patterns
    |  into one call to #[+api("matcher#add") #[code Matcher.add()]].

+code-new.
    matcher.add('GoogleNow', merge_phrases, [{ORTH: 'Google'}, {ORTH: 'Now'}])

+code-old.
    matcher.add_entity('GoogleNow', on_match=merge_phrases)
    matcher.add_pattern('GoogleNow', [{ORTH: 'Google'}, {ORTH: 'Now'}])

p
    |  If you've been using #[strong acceptor functions], you'll need to move
    |  this logic into the
    |  #[+a("/docs/usage/rule-based-matching#on_match") #[code on_match] callbacks].
    |  The callback function is invoked on every match and will give you access to
    |  the doc, the index of the current match and all total matches. This lets
    |  you both accept or reject the match, and define the actions to be
    |  triggered.