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Update rule-based matching docs
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@ -75,6 +75,131 @@ p
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| other pattern types. You shouldn't have to create different matchers for
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| each of those processes.
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+h(4, "adding-patterns-attributes") Available token attributes
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p
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| The available token pattern keys are uppercase versions of the
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| #[+api("token#attributes") #[code Token] attributes]. The most relevant
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| ones for rule-based matching are:
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+table(["Attribute", "Description"])
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+row
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+cell #[code ORTH]
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+cell The exact verbatim text of a token.
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+row
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+cell.u-nowrap #[code LOWER], #[code UPPER]
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+cell The lowercase, uppercase form of the token text.
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+row
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+cell.u-nowrap #[code IS_ALPHA], #[code IS_ASCII], #[code IS_DIGIT]
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+cell
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| Token text consists of alphanumeric characters, ASCII characters,
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| digits.
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+row
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+cell.u-nowrap #[code IS_LOWER], #[code IS_UPPER], #[code IS_TITLE]
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+cell Token text is in lowercase, uppercase, titlecase.
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+row
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+cell.u-nowrap #[code IS_PUNCT], #[code IS_SPACE], #[code IS_STOP]
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+cell Token is punctuation, whitespace, stop word.
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+row
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+cell.u-nowrap #[code LIKE_NUM], #[code LIKE_URL], #[code LIKE_EMAIL]
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+cell Token text resembles a number, URL, email.
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+row
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+cell.u-nowrap
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| #[code POS], #[code TAG], #[code DEP], #[code LEMMA],
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| #[code SHAPE]
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+cell
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| The token's simple and extended part-of-speech tag, dependency
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| label, lemma, shape.
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+h(4, "adding-patterns-wildcard") Using wildcard token patterns
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+tag-new(2)
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p
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| While the token attributes offer many options to write highly specific
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| patterns, you can also use an empty dictionary, #[code {}] as a wildcard
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| representing #[strong any token]. This is useful if you know the context
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| of what you're trying to match, but very little about the specific token
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| and its characters. For example, let's say you're trying to extract
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| people's user names from your data. All you know is that they are listed
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| as "User name: {username}". The name itself may contain any character,
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| but no whitespace – so you'll know it will be handled as one token.
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+code.
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[{'ORTH': 'User'}, {'ORTH': 'name'}, {'ORTH': ':'}, {}]
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+h(4, "quantifiers") Using operators and quantifiers
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p
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| The matcher also lets you use quantifiers, specified as the #[code 'OP']
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| key. Quantifiers let you define sequences of tokens to be mached, e.g.
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| one or more punctuation marks, or specify optional tokens. Note that there
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| are no nested or scoped quantifiers – instead, you can build those
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| behaviours with #[code on_match] callbacks.
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+aside("Problems with quantifiers")
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| Using quantifiers may lead to unexpected results when matching
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| variable-length patterns, for example if the next token would also be
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| matched by the previous token. This problem should be resolved in a future
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| release. For more information, see
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| #[+a(gh("spaCy") + "/issues/864") this issue].
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+table([ "OP", "Description", "Example"])
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+row
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+cell #[code !]
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+cell match exactly 0 times
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+cell negation
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+row
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+cell #[code *]
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+cell match 0 or more times
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+cell optional, variable number
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+row
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+cell #[code +]
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+cell match 1 or more times
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+cell mandatory, variable number
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+row
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+cell #[code ?]
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+cell match 0 or 1 times
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+cell optional, max one
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+h(3, "adding-phrase-patterns") Adding phrase patterns
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p
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| If you need to match large terminology lists, you can also use the
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| #[+api("phrasematcher") #[code PhraseMatcher]] and create
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| #[+api("doc") #[code Doc]] objects instead of token patterns, which is
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| much more efficient overall. The #[code Doc] patterns can contain single
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| or multiple tokens.
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+code.
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import spacy
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from spacy.matcher import PhraseMatcher
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nlp = spacy.load('en')
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matcher = PhraseMatcher(nlp.vocab)
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terminology_list = ['Barack Obama', 'Angela Merkel', 'Washington, D.C.']
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patterns = [nlp(text) for text in terminology_list]
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matcher.add('TerminologyList', None, *patterns)
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doc = nlp(u"German Chancellor Angela Merkel and US President Barack Obama "
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u"converse in the Oval Office inside the White House in Washington, D.C.")
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matches = matcher(doc)
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p
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| Since spaCy is used for processing both the patterns and the text to be
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| matched, you won't have to worry about specific tokenization – for
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| example, you can simply pass in #[code nlp(u"Washington, D.C.")] and
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| won't have to write a complex token pattern covering the exact
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| tokenization of the term.
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+h(3, "on_match") Adding #[code on_match] rules
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p
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@ -183,43 +308,6 @@ p
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| A list of #[code (match_id, start, end)] tuples, describing the
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| matches. A match tuple describes a span #[code doc[start:end]].
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+h(3, "quantifiers") Using operators and quantifiers
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p
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| The matcher also lets you use quantifiers, specified as the #[code 'OP']
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| key. Quantifiers let you define sequences of tokens to be mached, e.g.
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| one or more punctuation marks, or specify optional tokens. Note that there
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| are no nested or scoped quantifiers – instead, you can build those
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| behaviours with #[code on_match] callbacks.
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+aside("Problems with quantifiers")
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| Using quantifiers may lead to unexpected results when matching
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| variable-length patterns, for example if the next token would also be
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| matched by the previous token. This problem should be resolved in a future
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| release. For more information, see
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| #[+a(gh("spaCy") + "/issues/864") this issue].
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+table([ "OP", "Description", "Example"])
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+row
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+cell #[code !]
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+cell match exactly 0 times
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+cell negation
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+row
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+cell #[code *]
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+cell match 0 or more times
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+cell optional, variable number
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+row
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+cell #[code +]
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+cell match 1 or more times
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+cell mandatory, variable number
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+row
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+cell #[code ?]
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+cell match 0 or 1 times
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+cell optional, max one
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+h(3, "example1") Example: Using linguistic annotations
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p
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