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Officially support DependencyMatcher

Browse Source 
Add official support for the `DependencyMatcher`. Redesign the pattern
specification. Fix and extend operator implementations. Update API docs
and add usage docs.

Patterns
--------

Refactor pattern structure to:

```
{
  "LEFT_ID": str,
  "REL_OP": str,
  "RIGHT_ID": str,
  "RIGHT_ATTRS": dict,
}
```

The first node contains only `RIGHT_ID` and `RIGHT_ATTRS` and all
subsequent nodes contain all four keys.

New operators
-------------

Because of the way patterns are constructed from left to right, it's
helpful to have `follows` operators along with `precedes` operators. Add
operators for simple precedes / follows alongside immediate precedes /
follows.

* `.*`: precedes
* `;`: immediately follows
* `;*`: follows

Operator fixes
--------------

* `<` and `<<` do not include the node itself
* Fix reversed order for all operators involving linear precedence (`.`,
  all sibling operators)
* Linear precedence operators do not match nodes outside the same parse

Additional fixes
----------------

* Use v3 Matcher API
* Support `get` and `remove`
* Support pickling
This commit is contained in:
Adriane Boyd 2020-08-31 20:04:26 +02:00
parent 6bfb1b3a29
commit 960d9cfadc
10 changed files with 1069 additions and 278 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

15
spacy/errors.py
View File

@ -284,12 +284,12 @@ class Errors:
"Span objects, or dicts if set to manual=True.") "Span objects, or dicts if set to manual=True.")
E097 = ("Invalid pattern: expected token pattern (list of dicts) or " E097 = ("Invalid pattern: expected token pattern (list of dicts) or "
"phrase pattern (string) but got:\n{pattern}") "phrase pattern (string) but got:\n{pattern}")
E098 = ("Invalid pattern specified: expected both SPEC and PATTERN.") E098 = ("Invalid pattern: expected both RIGHT_ID and RIGHT_ATTRS.")
E099 = ("First node of pattern should be a root node. The root should " E099 = ("Invalid pattern: the first node of pattern should be an anchor "
"only contain NODE_NAME.") "node. The node should only contain RIGHT_ID and RIGHT_ATTRS.")
E100 = ("Nodes apart from the root should contain NODE_NAME, NBOR_NAME and " E100 = ("Nodes other than the anchor node should all contain LEFT_ID, "
"NBOR_RELOP.") "REL_OP and RIGHT_ID.")
E101 = ("NODE_NAME should be a new node and NBOR_NAME should already have " E101 = ("RIGHT_ID should be a new node and LEFT_ID should already have "
"have been declared in previous edges.") "have been declared in previous edges.")
E102 = ("Can't merge non-disjoint spans. '{token}' is already part of " E102 = ("Can't merge non-disjoint spans. '{token}' is already part of "
"tokens to merge. If you want to find the longest non-overlapping " "tokens to merge. If you want to find the longest non-overlapping "
@ -652,6 +652,9 @@ class Errors:
"'{chunk}'. Tokenizer exceptions are only allowed to specify " "'{chunk}'. Tokenizer exceptions are only allowed to specify "
"`ORTH` and `NORM`.") "`ORTH` and `NORM`.")
E1006 = ("Unable to initialize {name} model with 0 labels.") E1006 = ("Unable to initialize {name} model with 0 labels.")
E1007 = ("Unsupported DependencyMatcher operator '{op}'.")
E1008 = ("Invalid pattern: each pattern should be a list of dicts. Check "
"that you are providing a list of patterns as `List[List[dict]]`.")
@add_codes @add_codes

186
spacy/matcher/dependencymatcher.pyx
View File

@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
# cython: infer_types=True, profile=True # cython: infer_types=True, profile=True
from cymem.cymem cimport Pool from typing import List
from preshed.maps cimport PreshMap
from libcpp cimport bool
import numpy import numpy
from cymem.cymem cimport Pool
from .matcher cimport Matcher from .matcher cimport Matcher
from ..vocab cimport Vocab from ..vocab cimport Vocab
from ..tokens.doc cimport Doc from ..tokens.doc cimport Doc
from .matcher import unpickle_matcher
from ..errors import Errors from ..errors import Errors
from ..tokens import Span
DELIMITER = "||" DELIMITER = "||"
@ -22,36 +22,52 @@ cdef class DependencyMatcher:
"""Match dependency parse tree based on pattern rules.""" """Match dependency parse tree based on pattern rules."""
cdef Pool mem cdef Pool mem
cdef readonly Vocab vocab cdef readonly Vocab vocab
cdef readonly Matcher token_matcher cdef readonly Matcher matcher
cdef public object _patterns cdef public object _patterns
cdef public object _raw_patterns
cdef public object _keys_to_token cdef public object _keys_to_token
cdef public object _root cdef public object _root
cdef public object _entities
cdef public object _callbacks cdef public object _callbacks
cdef public object _nodes cdef public object _nodes
cdef public object _tree cdef public object _tree
cdef public object _ops
def __init__(self, vocab): def __init__(self, vocab, *, validate=False):
"""Create the DependencyMatcher. """Create the DependencyMatcher.
vocab (Vocab): The vocabulary object, which must be shared with the vocab (Vocab): The vocabulary object, which must be shared with the
documents the matcher will operate on. documents the matcher will operate on.
validate (bool): Whether patterns should be validated, passed to
Matcher as `validate`
""" """
size = 20 size = 20
# TODO: make matcher work with validation self.matcher = Matcher(vocab, validate=validate)
self.token_matcher = Matcher(vocab, validate=False)
self._keys_to_token = {} self._keys_to_token = {}
self._patterns = {} self._patterns = {}
self._raw_patterns = {}
self._root = {} self._root = {}
self._nodes = {} self._nodes = {}
self._tree = {} self._tree = {}
self._entities = {}
self._callbacks = {} self._callbacks = {}
self.vocab = vocab self.vocab = vocab
self.mem = Pool() self.mem = Pool()
self._ops = {
"<": self.dep,
">": self.gov,
"<<": self.dep_chain,
">>": self.gov_chain,
".": self.imm_precede,
".*": self.precede,
";": self.imm_follow,
";*": self.follow,
"$+": self.imm_right_sib,
"$-": self.imm_left_sib,
"$++": self.right_sib,
"$--": self.left_sib,
}
def __reduce__(self): def __reduce__(self):
data = (self.vocab, self._patterns,self._tree, self._callbacks) data = (self.vocab, self._raw_patterns, self._callbacks)
return (unpickle_matcher, data, None, None) return (unpickle_matcher, data, None, None)
def __len__(self): def __len__(self):
@ -74,54 +90,61 @@ cdef class DependencyMatcher:
idx = 0 idx = 0
visited_nodes = {} visited_nodes = {}
for relation in pattern: for relation in pattern:
if "PATTERN" not in relation or "SPEC" not in relation: if not isinstance(relation, dict):
raise ValueError(Errors.E1008)
if "RIGHT_ATTRS" not in relation and "RIGHT_ID" not in relation:
raise ValueError(Errors.E098.format(key=key)) raise ValueError(Errors.E098.format(key=key))
if idx == 0: if idx == 0:
if not( if not(
"NODE_NAME" in relation["SPEC"] "RIGHT_ID" in relation
and "NBOR_RELOP" not in relation["SPEC"] and "REL_OP" not in relation
and "NBOR_NAME" not in relation["SPEC"] and "LEFT_ID" not in relation
): ):
raise ValueError(Errors.E099.format(key=key)) raise ValueError(Errors.E099.format(key=key))
visited_nodes[relation["SPEC"]["NODE_NAME"]] = True visited_nodes[relation["RIGHT_ID"]] = True
else: else:
if not( if not(
"NODE_NAME" in relation["SPEC"] "RIGHT_ID" in relation
and "NBOR_RELOP" in relation["SPEC"] and "RIGHT_ATTRS" in relation
and "NBOR_NAME" in relation["SPEC"] and "REL_OP" in relation
and "LEFT_ID" in relation
): ):
raise ValueError(Errors.E100.format(key=key)) raise ValueError(Errors.E100.format(key=key))
if ( if (
relation["SPEC"]["NODE_NAME"] in visited_nodes relation["RIGHT_ID"] in visited_nodes
or relation["SPEC"]["NBOR_NAME"] not in visited_nodes or relation["LEFT_ID"] not in visited_nodes
): ):
raise ValueError(Errors.E101.format(key=key)) raise ValueError(Errors.E101.format(key=key))
visited_nodes[relation["SPEC"]["NODE_NAME"]] = True if relation["REL_OP"] not in self._ops:
visited_nodes[relation["SPEC"]["NBOR_NAME"]] = True raise ValueError(Errors.E1007.format(op=relation["REL_OP"]))
visited_nodes[relation["RIGHT_ID"]] = True
visited_nodes[relation["LEFT_ID"]] = True
idx = idx + 1 idx = idx + 1
def add(self, key, patterns, *_patterns, on_match=None): def add(self, key, patterns, *, on_match=None):
"""Add a new matcher rule to the matcher. """Add a new matcher rule to the matcher.
key (str): The match ID. key (str): The match ID.
patterns (list): The patterns to add for the given key. patterns (list): The patterns to add for the given key.
on_match (callable): Optional callback executed on match. on_match (callable): Optional callback executed on match.
""" """
if patterns is None or hasattr(patterns, "__call__"): # old API if on_match is not None and not hasattr(on_match, "__call__"):
on_match = patterns raise ValueError(Errors.E171.format(arg_type=type(on_match)))
patterns = _patterns if patterns is None or not isinstance(patterns, List): # old API
raise ValueError(Errors.E948.format(arg_type=type(patterns)))
for pattern in patterns: for pattern in patterns:
if len(pattern) == 0: if len(pattern) == 0:
raise ValueError(Errors.E012.format(key=key)) raise ValueError(Errors.E012.format(key=key))
self.validate_input(pattern, key) self.validate_input(pattern, key)
key = self._normalize_key(key) key = self._normalize_key(key)
self._raw_patterns.setdefault(key, [])
self._raw_patterns[key].extend(patterns)
_patterns = [] _patterns = []
for pattern in patterns: for pattern in patterns:
token_patterns = [] token_patterns = []
for i in range(len(pattern)): for i in range(len(pattern)):
token_pattern = [pattern[i]["PATTERN"]] token_pattern = [pattern[i]["RIGHT_ATTRS"]]
token_patterns.append(token_pattern) token_patterns.append(token_pattern)
# self.patterns.append(token_patterns)
_patterns.append(token_patterns) _patterns.append(token_patterns)
self._patterns.setdefault(key, []) self._patterns.setdefault(key, [])
self._callbacks[key] = on_match self._callbacks[key] = on_match
@ -135,7 +158,7 @@ cdef class DependencyMatcher:
# TODO: Better ways to hash edges in pattern? # TODO: Better ways to hash edges in pattern?
for j in range(len(_patterns[i])): for j in range(len(_patterns[i])):
k = self._normalize_key(unicode(key) + DELIMITER + unicode(i) + DELIMITER + unicode(j)) k = self._normalize_key(unicode(key) + DELIMITER + unicode(i) + DELIMITER + unicode(j))
self.token_matcher.add(k, [_patterns[i][j]]) self.matcher.add(k, [_patterns[i][j]])
_keys_to_token[k] = j _keys_to_token[k] = j
_keys_to_token_list.append(_keys_to_token) _keys_to_token_list.append(_keys_to_token)
self._keys_to_token.setdefault(key, []) self._keys_to_token.setdefault(key, [])
@ -144,7 +167,7 @@ cdef class DependencyMatcher:
for pattern in patterns: for pattern in patterns:
nodes = {} nodes = {}
for i in range(len(pattern)): for i in range(len(pattern)):
nodes[pattern[i]["SPEC"]["NODE_NAME"]] = i nodes[pattern[i]["RIGHT_ID"]] = i
_nodes_list.append(nodes) _nodes_list.append(nodes)
self._nodes.setdefault(key, []) self._nodes.setdefault(key, [])
self._nodes[key].extend(_nodes_list) self._nodes[key].extend(_nodes_list)
@ -161,13 +184,13 @@ cdef class DependencyMatcher:
root = -1 root = -1
for j in range(len(patterns[i])): for j in range(len(patterns[i])):
token_pattern = patterns[i][j] token_pattern = patterns[i][j]
if ("NBOR_RELOP" not in token_pattern["SPEC"]): if ("REL_OP" not in token_pattern):
heads[j] = ('root', j) heads[j] = ('root', j)
root = j root = j
else: else:
heads[j] = ( heads[j] = (
token_pattern["SPEC"]["NBOR_RELOP"], token_pattern["REL_OP"],
_nodes_list[i][token_pattern["SPEC"]["NBOR_NAME"]] _nodes_list[i][token_pattern["LEFT_ID"]]
) )
_heads_list.append(heads) _heads_list.append(heads)
_root_list.append(root) _root_list.append(root)
@ -202,11 +225,21 @@ cdef class DependencyMatcher:
RETURNS (tuple): The rule, as an (on_match, patterns) tuple. RETURNS (tuple): The rule, as an (on_match, patterns) tuple.
""" """
key = self._normalize_key(key) key = self._normalize_key(key)
if key not in self._patterns: if key not in self._raw_patterns:
return default return default
return (self._callbacks[key], self._patterns[key]) return (self._callbacks[key], self._raw_patterns[key])
def __call__(self, Doc doc): def remove(self, key):
key = self._normalize_key(key)
if not key in self._patterns:
raise ValueError(Errors.E175.format(key=key))
self._patterns.pop(key)
self._raw_patterns.pop(key)
self._nodes.pop(key)
self._tree.pop(key)
self._root.pop(key)
def __call__(self, object doclike):
"""Find all token sequences matching the supplied pattern. """Find all token sequences matching the supplied pattern.
doclike (Doc or Span): The document to match over. doclike (Doc or Span): The document to match over.
@ -214,8 +247,14 @@ cdef class DependencyMatcher:
describing the matches. A match tuple describes a span describing the matches. A match tuple describes a span
`doc[start:end]`. The `label_id` and `key` are both integers. `doc[start:end]`. The `label_id` and `key` are both integers.
""" """
if isinstance(doclike, Doc):
doc = doclike
elif isinstance(doclike, Span):
doc = doclike.as_doc()
else:
raise ValueError(Errors.E195.format(good="Doc or Span", got=type(doclike).__name__))
matched_key_trees = [] matched_key_trees = []
matches = self.token_matcher(doc) matches = self.matcher(doc)
for key in list(self._patterns.keys()): for key in list(self._patterns.keys()):
_patterns_list = self._patterns[key] _patterns_list = self._patterns[key]
_keys_to_token_list = self._keys_to_token[key] _keys_to_token_list = self._keys_to_token[key]
@ -245,25 +284,25 @@ cdef class DependencyMatcher:
matched_trees = [] matched_trees = []
self.recurse(_tree, id_to_position, _node_operator_map, 0, [], matched_trees) self.recurse(_tree, id_to_position, _node_operator_map, 0, [], matched_trees)
matched_key_trees.append((key,matched_trees)) for matched_tree in matched_trees:
matched_key_trees.append((key, matched_tree))
for i, (ent_id, nodes) in enumerate(matched_key_trees): for i, (match_id, nodes) in enumerate(matched_key_trees):
on_match = self._callbacks.get(ent_id) on_match = self._callbacks.get(match_id)
if on_match is not None: if on_match is not None:
on_match(self, doc, i, matched_key_trees) on_match(self, doc, i, matched_key_trees)
return matched_key_trees return matched_key_trees
def recurse(self, tree, id_to_position, _node_operator_map, int patternLength, visited_nodes, matched_trees): def recurse(self, tree, id_to_position, _node_operator_map, int patternLength, visited_nodes, matched_trees):
cdef bool isValid; cdef bint isValid;
if(patternLength == len(id_to_position.keys())): if patternLength == len(id_to_position.keys()):
isValid = True isValid = True
for node in range(patternLength): for node in range(patternLength):
if(node in tree): if node in tree:
for idx, (relop,nbor) in enumerate(tree[node]): for idx, (relop,nbor) in enumerate(tree[node]):
computed_nbors = numpy.asarray(_node_operator_map[visited_nodes[node]][relop]) computed_nbors = numpy.asarray(_node_operator_map[visited_nodes[node]][relop])
isNbor = False isNbor = False
for computed_nbor in computed_nbors: for computed_nbor in computed_nbors:
if(computed_nbor.i == visited_nodes[nbor]): if computed_nbor.i == visited_nodes[nbor]:
isNbor = True isNbor = True
isValid = isValid & isNbor isValid = isValid & isNbor
if(isValid): if(isValid):
@ -295,24 +334,14 @@ cdef class DependencyMatcher:
_node_operator_map[node] = {} _node_operator_map[node] = {}
for operator in all_operators: for operator in all_operators:
_node_operator_map[node][operator] = [] _node_operator_map[node][operator] = []
# Used to invoke methods for each operator
switcher = {
"<": self.dep,
">": self.gov,
"<<": self.dep_chain,
">>": self.gov_chain,
".": self.imm_precede,
"$+": self.imm_right_sib,
"$-": self.imm_left_sib,
"$++": self.right_sib,
"$--": self.left_sib
}
for operator in all_operators: for operator in all_operators:
for node in all_nodes: for node in all_nodes:
_node_operator_map[node][operator] = switcher.get(operator)(doc,node) _node_operator_map[node][operator] = self._ops.get(operator)(doc, node)
return _node_operator_map return _node_operator_map
def dep(self, doc, node): def dep(self, doc, node):
if doc[node].head == doc[node]:
return []
return [doc[node].head] return [doc[node].head]
def gov(self,doc,node): def gov(self,doc,node):
@ -322,36 +351,51 @@ cdef class DependencyMatcher:
return list(doc[node].ancestors) return list(doc[node].ancestors)
def gov_chain(self, doc, node): def gov_chain(self, doc, node):
return list(doc[node].subtree) return [t for t in doc[node].subtree if t != doc[node]]
def imm_precede(self, doc, node): def imm_precede(self, doc, node):
if node > 0: sent = self._get_sent(doc[node])
if node < len(doc) - 1 and doc[node + 1] in sent:
return [doc[node + 1]]
return []
def precede(self, doc, node):
sent = self._get_sent(doc[node])
return [doc[i] for i in range(node + 1, sent.end)]
def imm_follow(self, doc, node):
sent = self._get_sent(doc[node])
if node > 0 and doc[node - 1] in sent:
return [doc[node - 1]] return [doc[node - 1]]
return [] return []
def follow(self, doc, node):
sent = self._get_sent(doc[node])
return [doc[i] for i in range(sent.start, node)]
def imm_right_sib(self, doc, node): def imm_right_sib(self, doc, node):
for child in list(doc[node].head.children): for child in list(doc[node].head.children):
if child.i == node - 1: if child.i == node + 1:
return [doc[child.i]] return [doc[child.i]]
return [] return []
def imm_left_sib(self, doc, node): def imm_left_sib(self, doc, node):
for child in list(doc[node].head.children): for child in list(doc[node].head.children):
if child.i == node + 1: if child.i == node - 1:
return [doc[child.i]] return [doc[child.i]]
return [] return []
def right_sib(self, doc, node): def right_sib(self, doc, node):
candidate_children = [] candidate_children = []
for child in list(doc[node].head.children): for child in list(doc[node].head.children):
if child.i < node: if child.i > node:
candidate_children.append(doc[child.i]) candidate_children.append(doc[child.i])
return candidate_children return candidate_children
def left_sib(self, doc, node): def left_sib(self, doc, node):
candidate_children = [] candidate_children = []
for child in list(doc[node].head.children): for child in list(doc[node].head.children):
if child.i > node: if child.i < node:
candidate_children.append(doc[child.i]) candidate_children.append(doc[child.i])
return candidate_children return candidate_children
@ -360,3 +404,15 @@ cdef class DependencyMatcher:
return self.vocab.strings.add(key) return self.vocab.strings.add(key)
else: else:
return key return key
def _get_sent(self, token):
root = (list(token.ancestors) or [token])[-1]
return token.doc[root.left_edge.i:root.right_edge.i + 1]
def unpickle_matcher(vocab, patterns, callbacks):
matcher = DependencyMatcher(vocab)
for key, pattern in patterns.items():
callback = callbacks.get(key, None)
matcher.add(key, pattern, on_match=callback)
return matcher

386
spacy/tests/matcher/test_dependency_matcher.py Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,386 @@
import pytest
import pickle
import re
import copy
from mock import Mock
from spacy.matcher import DependencyMatcher
from ..util import get_doc
@pytest.fixture
def doc(en_vocab):
text = "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy fox"
heads = [3, 2, 1, 1, 0, -1, 2, 1, -3]
deps = ["det", "amod", "amod", "nsubj", "ROOT", "prep", "pobj", "det", "amod"]
doc = get_doc(en_vocab, text.split(), heads=heads, deps=deps)
return doc
@pytest.fixture
def patterns(en_vocab):
def is_brown_yellow(text):
return bool(re.compile(r"brown|yellow").match(text))
IS_BROWN_YELLOW = en_vocab.add_flag(is_brown_yellow)
pattern1 = [
{"RIGHT_ID": "fox", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "fox"}},
{
"LEFT_ID": "fox",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "q",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "quick", "DEP": "amod"},
},
{
"LEFT_ID": "fox",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "r",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {IS_BROWN_YELLOW: True},
},
]
pattern2 = [
{"RIGHT_ID": "jumped", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "jumped"}},
{
"LEFT_ID": "jumped",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "fox1",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "fox"},
},
{
"LEFT_ID": "jumped",
"REL_OP": ".",
"RIGHT_ID": "over",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "over"},
},
]
pattern3 = [
{"RIGHT_ID": "jumped", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "jumped"}},
{
"LEFT_ID": "jumped",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "fox",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "fox"},
},
{
"LEFT_ID": "fox",
"REL_OP": ">>",
"RIGHT_ID": "r",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "brown"},
},
]
pattern4 = [
{"RIGHT_ID": "jumped", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "jumped"}},
{
"LEFT_ID": "jumped",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "fox",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "fox"},
}
]
pattern5 = [
{"RIGHT_ID": "jumped", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "jumped"}},
{
"LEFT_ID": "jumped",
"REL_OP": ">>",
"RIGHT_ID": "fox",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "fox"},
},
]
return [pattern1, pattern2, pattern3, pattern4, pattern5]
@pytest.fixture
def dependency_matcher(en_vocab, patterns, doc):
matcher = DependencyMatcher(en_vocab)
mock = Mock()
for i in range(1, len(patterns) + 1):
if i == 1:
matcher.add("pattern1", [patterns[0]], on_match=mock)
else:
matcher.add("pattern" + str(i), [patterns[i - 1]])
return matcher
def test_dependency_matcher(dependency_matcher, doc, patterns):
assert len(dependency_matcher) == 5
assert "pattern3" in dependency_matcher
assert dependency_matcher.get("pattern3") == (None, [patterns[2]])
matches = dependency_matcher(doc)
assert len(matches) == 6
assert matches[0][1] == [3, 1, 2]
assert matches[1][1] == [4, 3, 5]
assert matches[2][1] == [4, 3, 2]
assert matches[3][1] == [4, 3]
assert matches[4][1] == [4, 3]
assert matches[5][1] == [4, 8]
span = doc[0:6]
matches = dependency_matcher(span)
assert len(matches) == 5
assert matches[0][1] == [3, 1, 2]
assert matches[1][1] == [4, 3, 5]
assert matches[2][1] == [4, 3, 2]
assert matches[3][1] == [4, 3]
assert matches[4][1] == [4, 3]
def test_dependency_matcher_pickle(en_vocab, patterns, doc):
matcher = DependencyMatcher(en_vocab)
for i in range(1, len(patterns) + 1):
matcher.add("pattern" + str(i), [patterns[i - 1]])
matches = matcher(doc)
assert matches[0][1] == [3, 1, 2]
assert matches[1][1] == [4, 3, 5]
assert matches[2][1] == [4, 3, 2]
assert matches[3][1] == [4, 3]
assert matches[4][1] == [4, 3]
assert matches[5][1] == [4, 8]
b = pickle.dumps(matcher)
matcher_r = pickle.loads(b)
assert len(matcher) == len(matcher_r)
matches = matcher_r(doc)
assert matches[0][1] == [3, 1, 2]
assert matches[1][1] == [4, 3, 5]
assert matches[2][1] == [4, 3, 2]
assert matches[3][1] == [4, 3]
assert matches[4][1] == [4, 3]
assert matches[5][1] == [4, 8]
def test_dependency_matcher_pattern_validation(en_vocab):
pattern = [
{"RIGHT_ID": "fox", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "fox"}},
{
"LEFT_ID": "fox",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "q",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "quick", "DEP": "amod"},
},
{
"LEFT_ID": "fox",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "r",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "brown"},
},
]
matcher = DependencyMatcher(en_vocab)
# original pattern is valid
matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern])
# individual pattern not wrapped in a list
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
matcher.add("FOUNDED", pattern)
# no anchor node
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern[1:]])
# required keys missing
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
pattern2 = copy.deepcopy(pattern)
del pattern2[0]["RIGHT_ID"]
matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern2])
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
pattern2 = copy.deepcopy(pattern)
del pattern2[1]["RIGHT_ID"]
matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern2])
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
pattern2 = copy.deepcopy(pattern)
del pattern2[1]["RIGHT_ATTRS"]
matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern2])
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
pattern2 = copy.deepcopy(pattern)
del pattern2[1]["LEFT_ID"]
matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern2])
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
pattern2 = copy.deepcopy(pattern)
del pattern2[1]["REL_OP"]
matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern2])
# invalid operator
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
pattern2 = copy.deepcopy(pattern)
pattern2[1]["REL_OP"] = "!!!"
matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern2])
# duplicate node name
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
pattern2 = copy.deepcopy(pattern)
pattern2[1]["RIGHT_ID"] = "fox"
matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern2])
def test_dependency_matcher_callback(en_vocab, doc):
pattern = [
{"RIGHT_ID": "quick", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "quick"}},
]
matcher = DependencyMatcher(en_vocab)
mock = Mock()
matcher.add("pattern", [pattern], on_match=mock)
matches = matcher(doc)
mock.assert_called_once_with(matcher, doc, 0, matches)
# check that matches with and without callback are the same (#4590)
matcher2 = DependencyMatcher(en_vocab)
matcher2.add("pattern", [pattern])
matches2 = matcher2(doc)
assert matches == matches2
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"op,num_matches", [(".", 8), (".*", 20), (";", 8), (";*", 20),]
)
def test_dependency_matcher_precedence_ops(en_vocab, op, num_matches):
# two sentences to test that all matches are within the same sentence
doc = get_doc(
en_vocab,
words=["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"] * 2,
heads=[0, -1, -2, -3, -4] * 2,
deps=["dep"] * 10,
)
match_count = 0
for text in ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]:
pattern = [
{"RIGHT_ID": "1", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": text}},
{"LEFT_ID": "1", "REL_OP": op, "RIGHT_ID": "2", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {},},
]
matcher = DependencyMatcher(en_vocab)
matcher.add("A", [pattern])
matches = matcher(doc)
match_count += len(matches)
for match in matches:
match_id, token_ids = match
# token_ids[0] op token_ids[1]
if op == ".":
assert token_ids[0] == token_ids[1] - 1
elif op == ";":
assert token_ids[0] == token_ids[1] + 1
elif op == ".*":
assert token_ids[0] < token_ids[1]
elif op == ";*":
assert token_ids[0] > token_ids[1]
# all tokens are within the same sentence
assert doc[token_ids[0]].sent == doc[token_ids[1]].sent
assert match_count == num_matches
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"left,right,op,num_matches",
[
("fox", "jumped", "<", 1),
("the", "lazy", "<", 0),
("jumped", "jumped", "<", 0),
("fox", "jumped", ">", 0),
("fox", "lazy", ">", 1),
("lazy", "lazy", ">", 0),
("fox", "jumped", "<<", 2),
("jumped", "fox", "<<", 0),
("the", "fox", "<<", 2),
("fox", "jumped", ">>", 0),
("over", "the", ">>", 1),
("fox", "the", ">>", 2),
("fox", "jumped", ".", 1),
("lazy", "fox", ".", 1),
("the", "fox", ".", 0),
("the", "the", ".", 0),
("fox", "jumped", ";", 0),
("lazy", "fox", ";", 0),
("the", "fox", ";", 0),
("the", "the", ";", 0),
("quick", "fox", ".*", 2),
("the", "fox", ".*", 3),
("the", "the", ".*", 1),
("fox", "jumped", ";*", 1),
("quick", "fox", ";*", 0),
("the", "fox", ";*", 1),
("the", "the", ";*", 1),
("quick", "brown", "$+", 1),
("brown", "quick", "$+", 0),
("brown", "brown", "$+", 0),
("quick", "brown", "$-", 0),
("brown", "quick", "$-", 1),
("brown", "brown", "$-", 0),
("the", "brown", "$++", 1),
("brown", "the", "$++", 0),
("brown", "brown", "$++", 0),
("the", "brown", "$--", 0),
("brown", "the", "$--", 1),
("brown", "brown", "$--", 0),
],
)
def test_dependency_matcher_ops(en_vocab, doc, left, right, op, num_matches):
right_id = right
if left == right:
right_id = right + "2"
pattern = [
{"RIGHT_ID": left, "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"LOWER": left}},
{
"LEFT_ID": left,
"REL_OP": op,
"RIGHT_ID": right_id,
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"LOWER": right},
},
]
matcher = DependencyMatcher(en_vocab)
matcher.add("pattern", [pattern])
matches = matcher(doc)
assert len(matches) == num_matches
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"pattern",
[
# empty
[],
# unsupported op
[
{"RIGHT_ID": "jumped", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "jumped"}},
{
"LEFT_ID": "jumped",
"REL_OP": "==",
"RIGHT_ID": "fox",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "fox"},
},
],
# first dict isn't just a node
[
{
"LEFT_ID": "jumped",
"REL_OP": "==",
"RIGHT_ID": "fox",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "fox"},
},
],
# missing op
[
{"RIGHT_ID": "jumped", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "jumped"}},
{"LEFT_ID": "jumped", "RIGHT_ID": "fox", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "fox"},},
],
# missing left-hand ID
[
{"RIGHT_ID": "jumped", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "jumped"}},
{"REL_OP": ">", "RIGHT_ID": "fox", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "fox"},},
],
# missing right-hand ID
[
{"RIGHT_ID": "jumped", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "jumped"}},
{"LEFT_ID": "jumped", "REL_OP": ">", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "fox"},},
],
# missing right-hand attrs
[
{"RIGHT_ID": "jumped", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "jumped"}},
{"LEFT_ID": "jumped", "REL_OP": ">", "RIGHT_ID": "fox",},
],
],
)
def test_dependency_matcher_pattern_validation(en_vocab, pattern):
matcher = DependencyMatcher(en_vocab)
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
matcher.add("pattern", [pattern])

81
spacy/tests/matcher/test_matcher_api.py
View File

@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
import pytest import pytest
import re
from mock import Mock from mock import Mock
from spacy.matcher import Matcher, DependencyMatcher from spacy.matcher import Matcher
from spacy.tokens import Doc, Token, Span from spacy.tokens import Doc, Token, Span
from ..doc.test_underscore import clean_underscore # noqa: F401 from ..doc.test_underscore import clean_underscore # noqa: F401
@ -292,84 +291,6 @@ def test_matcher_extension_set_membership(en_vocab):
assert len(matches) == 0 assert len(matches) == 0
@pytest.fixture
def text():
return "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy fox"
@pytest.fixture
def heads():
return [3, 2, 1, 1, 0, -1, 2, 1, -3]
@pytest.fixture
def deps():
return ["det", "amod", "amod", "nsubj", "prep", "pobj", "det", "amod"]
@pytest.fixture
def dependency_matcher(en_vocab):
def is_brown_yellow(text):
return bool(re.compile(r"brown|yellow|over").match(text))
IS_BROWN_YELLOW = en_vocab.add_flag(is_brown_yellow)
pattern1 = [
{"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "fox"}, "PATTERN": {"ORTH": "fox"}},
{
"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "q", "NBOR_RELOP": ">", "NBOR_NAME": "fox"},
"PATTERN": {"ORTH": "quick", "DEP": "amod"},
},
{
"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "r", "NBOR_RELOP": ">", "NBOR_NAME": "fox"},
"PATTERN": {IS_BROWN_YELLOW: True},
},
]
pattern2 = [
{"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "jumped"}, "PATTERN": {"ORTH": "jumped"}},
{
"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "fox", "NBOR_RELOP": ">", "NBOR_NAME": "jumped"},
"PATTERN": {"ORTH": "fox"},
},
{
"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "quick", "NBOR_RELOP": ".", "NBOR_NAME": "jumped"},
"PATTERN": {"ORTH": "fox"},
},
]
pattern3 = [
{"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "jumped"}, "PATTERN": {"ORTH": "jumped"}},
{
"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "fox", "NBOR_RELOP": ">", "NBOR_NAME": "jumped"},
"PATTERN": {"ORTH": "fox"},
},
{
"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "r", "NBOR_RELOP": ">>", "NBOR_NAME": "fox"},
"PATTERN": {"ORTH": "brown"},
},
]
matcher = DependencyMatcher(en_vocab)
matcher.add("pattern1", [pattern1])
matcher.add("pattern2", [pattern2])
matcher.add("pattern3", [pattern3])
return matcher
def test_dependency_matcher_compile(dependency_matcher):
assert len(dependency_matcher) == 3
# def test_dependency_matcher(dependency_matcher, text, heads, deps):
# doc = get_doc(dependency_matcher.vocab, text.split(), heads=heads, deps=deps)
# matches = dependency_matcher(doc)
# assert matches[0][1] == [[3, 1, 2]]
# assert matches[1][1] == [[4, 3, 3]]
# assert matches[2][1] == [[4, 3, 2]]
def test_matcher_basic_check(en_vocab): def test_matcher_basic_check(en_vocab):
matcher = Matcher(en_vocab) matcher = Matcher(en_vocab)
# Potential mistake: pass in pattern instead of list of patterns # Potential mistake: pass in pattern instead of list of patterns

26
spacy/tests/regression/test_issue4501-5000.py
View File

@ -38,32 +38,6 @@ def test_gold_misaligned(en_tokenizer, text, words):
Example.from_dict(doc, {"words": words}) Example.from_dict(doc, {"words": words})
def test_issue4590(en_vocab):
"""Test that matches param in on_match method are the same as matches run with no on_match method"""
pattern = [
{"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "jumped"}, "PATTERN": {"ORTH": "jumped"}},
{
"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "fox", "NBOR_RELOP": ">", "NBOR_NAME": "jumped"},
"PATTERN": {"ORTH": "fox"},
},
{
"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "quick", "NBOR_RELOP": ".", "NBOR_NAME": "jumped"},
"PATTERN": {"ORTH": "fox"},
},
]
on_match = Mock()
matcher = DependencyMatcher(en_vocab)
matcher.add("pattern", on_match, pattern)
text = "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy fox"
heads = [3, 2, 1, 1, 0, -1, 2, 1, -3]
deps = ["det", "amod", "amod", "nsubj", "ROOT", "prep", "det", "amod", "pobj"]
doc = get_doc(en_vocab, text.split(), heads=heads, deps=deps)
matches = matcher(doc)
on_match_args = on_match.call_args
assert on_match_args[0][3] == matches
def test_issue4651_with_phrase_matcher_attr(): def test_issue4651_with_phrase_matcher_attr():
"""Test that the EntityRuler PhraseMatcher is deserialized correctly using """Test that the EntityRuler PhraseMatcher is deserialized correctly using
the method from_disk when the EntityRuler argument phrase_matcher_attr is the method from_disk when the EntityRuler argument phrase_matcher_attr is

226
website/docs/api/dependencymatcher.md
View File

@ -1,65 +1,135 @@
--- ---
title: DependencyMatcher title: DependencyMatcher
teaser: Match sequences of tokens, based on the dependency parse teaser: Match subtrees within a dependency parse
tag: class tag: class
new: 3
source: spacy/matcher/dependencymatcher.pyx source: spacy/matcher/dependencymatcher.pyx
--- ---
The `DependencyMatcher` follows the same API as the [`Matcher`](/api/matcher) The `DependencyMatcher` follows the same API as the [`Matcher`](/api/matcher)
and [`PhraseMatcher`](/api/phrasematcher) and lets you match on dependency trees and [`PhraseMatcher`](/api/phrasematcher) and lets you match on dependency trees
using the using
[Semgrex syntax](https://nlp.stanford.edu/nlp/javadoc/javanlp/edu/stanford/nlp/semgraph/semgrex/SemgrexPattern.html). [Semgrex operators](https://nlp.stanford.edu/nlp/javadoc/javanlp/edu/stanford/nlp/semgraph/semgrex/SemgrexPattern.html).
It requires a pretrained [`DependencyParser`](/api/parser) or other component It requires a pretrained [`DependencyParser`](/api/parser) or other component
that sets the `Token.dep` attribute. that sets the `Token.dep` and `Token.head` attributes.
## Pattern format {#patterns} ## Pattern format {#patterns}
> ```json > ```python
> ### Example > ### Example
> # pattern: "[subject] ... initially founded"
> [ > [
> # anchor token: founded
> { > {
> "SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "founded"}, > "RIGHT_ID": "founded",
> "PATTERN": {"ORTH": "founded"} > "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "founded"}
> }, > },
> # founded -> subject
> { > {
> "SPEC": { > "LEFT_ID": "founded",
> "NODE_NAME": "founder", > "REL_OP": ">",
> "NBOR_RELOP": ">", > "RIGHT_ID": "subject",
> "NBOR_NAME": "founded" > "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"DEP": "nsubj"}
> },
> "PATTERN": {"DEP": "nsubj"}
> }, > },
> # "founded" follows "initially"
> { > {
> "SPEC": { > "LEFT_ID": "founded",
> "NODE_NAME": "object", > "REL_OP": ";",
> "NBOR_RELOP": ">", > "RIGHT_ID": "initially",
> "NBOR_NAME": "founded" > "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "initially"}
> },
> "PATTERN": {"DEP": "dobj"}
> } > }
> ] > ]
> ``` > ```
A pattern added to the `DependencyMatcher` consists of a list of dictionaries, A pattern added to the `DependencyMatcher` consists of a list of dictionaries,
with each dictionary describing a node to match. Each pattern should have the with each dictionary describing a token to match. Except for the first
following top-level keys: dictionary, which defines an anchor token using only `RIGHT_ID` and
`RIGHT_ATTRS`, each pattern should have the following keys:
| Name | Description | | Name | Description |
| --------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | ------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `PATTERN` | The token attributes to match in the same format as patterns provided to the regular token-based [`Matcher`](/api/matcher). ~~Dict[str, Any]~~ | | `LEFT_ID` | The name of the left-hand node in the relation, which has been defined in an earlier node. |
| `SPEC` | The relationships of the nodes in the subtree that should be matched. ~~Dict[str, str]~~ | | `REL_OP` | An operator that describes how the two nodes are related. ~~str~~ |
| `RIGHT_ID` | A unique name for the right-hand node in the relation. ~~str~~ |
| `RIGHT_ATTRS` | The token attributes to match for the right-hand node in the same format as patterns provided to the regular token-based [`Matcher`](/api/matcher). ~~Dict[str, Any]~~ |
The `SPEC` includes the following fields: The first pattern defines an anchor token and each additional token added to the
pattern is linked to an existing token `LEFT_ID` by the relation `REL_OP` and is
described by the name `RIGHT_ID` and the attributes `RIGHT_ATTRS`.
| Name | Description | Let's say we want to find sentences describing who founded what kind of company:
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `NODE_NAME` | A unique name for this node to refer to it in other specs. ~~str~~ | - `Smith founded a healthcare company in 2005.`
| `NBOR_RELOP` | A [Semgrex](https://nlp.stanford.edu/nlp/javadoc/javanlp/edu/stanford/nlp/semgraph/semgrex/SemgrexPattern.html) operator that describes how the two nodes are related. ~~str~~ | - `Williams initially founded an insurance company in 1987.`
| `NBOR_NAME` | The unique name of the node that this node is connected to. ~~str~~ | - `Lee, an established CEO, founded yet another AI startup.`
Since it's the root of the dependency parse, `founded` is a good choice for the
anchor token in our pattern:
```python
pattern = [
{"RIGHT_ID": "anchor_founded", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "founded"}}
]
```
We can add the subject as the token with the dependency label `nsubj` that is a
direct child `>` of the anchor token named `anchor_founded`:
```python
pattern = [
{"RIGHT_ID": "anchor_founded", "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "founded"}},
{
"LEFT_ID": "anchor_founded",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "subject",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"DEP": "nsubj"},
}
]
```
And the direct object along with its modifier:
```python
pattern = [ ...
{
"LEFT_ID": "anchor_founded",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "founded_object",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"DEP": "dobj"},
},
{
"LEFT_ID": "founded_object",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "founded_object_modifier",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"DEP": {"IN": ["amod", "compound"]}},
}
]
```
### Operators
The following operators are supported by the `DependencyMatcher`, most of which
come directly from
[Semgrex](https://nlp.stanford.edu/nlp/javadoc/javanlp/edu/stanford/nlp/semgraph/semgrex/SemgrexPattern.html):
| Symbol | Description |
| --------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `A < B` | `A` is the immediate dependent of `B` |
| `A > B` | `A` is the immediate head of `B` |
| `A << B` | `A` is the dependent in a chain to `B` following dep->head paths |
| `A >> B` | `A` is the head in a chain to `B` following head->dep paths |
| `A . B` | `A` immediately precedes `B`, i.e. `A.i == B.i - 1`, and both are within the same dependency tree |
| `A .* B` | `A` precedes `B`, i.e. `A.i < B.i`, and both are within the same dependency tree _(not in Semgrex)_ |
| `A ; B` | `A` immediately follows `B`, i.e. `A.i == B.i + 1`, and both are within the same dependency tree _(not in Semgrex)_ |
| `A ;* B` | `A` follows `B`, i.e. `A.i > B.i`, and both are within the same dependency tree _(not in Semgrex)_ |
| `A $+ B` | `B` is a right immediate sibling of `A`, i.e. `A` and `B` have the same parent and `A.i == B.i - 1` |
| `A $- B` | `B` is a left immediate sibling of `A`, i.e. `A` and `B` have the same parent and `A.i == B.i + 1` |
| `A $++ B` | `B` is a right sibling of `A`, i.e. `A` and `B` have the same parent and `A.i < B.i` |
| `A $-- B` | `B` is a left sibling of `A`, i.e. `A` and `B` have the same parent and `A.i > B.i` |
## DependencyMatcher.\_\_init\_\_ {#init tag="method"} ## DependencyMatcher.\_\_init\_\_ {#init tag="method"}
Create a rule-based `DependencyMatcher`. Create a `DependencyMatcher`.
> #### Example > #### Example
> >
@ -69,12 +139,14 @@ Create a rule-based `DependencyMatcher`.
> ``` > ```
| Name | Description | | Name | Description |
| ------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | -------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `vocab` | The vocabulary object, which must be shared with the documents the matcher will operate on. ~~Vocab~~ | | `vocab` | The vocabulary object, which must be shared with the documents the matcher will operate on. ~~Vocab~~ |
| _keyword-only_ | |
| `validate` | Validate all patterns added to this matcher. ~~bool~~ |
## DependencyMatcher.\_\call\_\_ {#call tag="method"} ## DependencyMatcher.\_\call\_\_ {#call tag="method"}
Find all token sequences matching the supplied patterns on the `Doc` or `Span`. Find all tokens matching the supplied patterns on the `Doc` or `Span`.
> #### Example > #### Example
> >
@ -82,36 +154,32 @@ Find all token sequences matching the supplied patterns on the `Doc` or `Span`.
> from spacy.matcher import DependencyMatcher > from spacy.matcher import DependencyMatcher
> >
> matcher = DependencyMatcher(nlp.vocab) > matcher = DependencyMatcher(nlp.vocab)
> pattern = [ > pattern = [{"RIGHT_ID": "founded_id",
> {"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "founded"}, "PATTERN": {"ORTH": "founded"}}, > "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "founded"}}]
> {"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "founder", "NBOR_RELOP": ">", "NBOR_NAME": "founded"}, "PATTERN": {"DEP": "nsubj"}}, > matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern])
> ]
> matcher.add("Founder", [pattern])
> doc = nlp("Bill Gates founded Microsoft.") > doc = nlp("Bill Gates founded Microsoft.")
> matches = matcher(doc) > matches = matcher(doc)
> ``` > ```
| Name | Description | | Name | Description |
| ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `doclike` | The `Doc` or `Span` to match over. ~~Union[Doc, Span]~~ | | `doclike` | The `Doc` or `Span` to match over. ~~Union[Doc, Span]~~ |
| **RETURNS** | A list of `(match_id, start, end)` tuples, describing the matches. A match tuple describes a span `doc[start:end`]. The `match_id` is the ID of the added match pattern. ~~List[Tuple[int, int, int]]~~ | | **RETURNS** | A list of `(match_id, token_ids)` tuples, describing the matches. The `match_id` is the ID of the match pattern and `token_ids` is a list of token indices matched by the pattern, where the position of each token in the list corresponds to the position of the node specification in the pattern. ~~List[Tuple[int, List[int]]]~~ |
## DependencyMatcher.\_\_len\_\_ {#len tag="method"} ## DependencyMatcher.\_\_len\_\_ {#len tag="method"}
Get the number of rules (edges) added to the dependency matcher. Note that this Get the number of rules added to the dependency matcher. Note that this only
only returns the number of rules (identical with the number of IDs), not the returns the number of rules (identical with the number of IDs), not the number
number of individual patterns. of individual patterns.
> #### Example > #### Example
> >
> ```python > ```python
> matcher = DependencyMatcher(nlp.vocab) > matcher = DependencyMatcher(nlp.vocab)
> assert len(matcher) == 0 > assert len(matcher) == 0
> pattern = [ > pattern = [{"RIGHT_ID": "founded_id",
> {"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "founded"}, "PATTERN": {"ORTH": "founded"}}, > "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "founded"}}]
> {"SPEC": {"NODE_NAME": "START_ENTITY", "NBOR_RELOP": ">", "NBOR_NAME": "founded"}, "PATTERN": {"DEP": "nsubj"}}, > matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern])
> ]
> matcher.add("Rule", [pattern])
> assert len(matcher) == 1 > assert len(matcher) == 1
> ``` > ```
@ -126,10 +194,10 @@ Check whether the matcher contains rules for a match ID.
> #### Example > #### Example
> >
> ```python > ```python
> matcher = Matcher(nlp.vocab) > matcher = DependencyMatcher(nlp.vocab)
> assert "Rule" not in matcher > assert "FOUNDED" not in matcher
> matcher.add("Rule", [pattern]) > matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern])
> assert "Rule" in matcher > assert "FOUNDED" in matcher
> ``` > ```
| Name | Description | | Name | Description |
@ -152,33 +220,15 @@ will be overwritten.
> print('Matched!', matches) > print('Matched!', matches)
> >
> matcher = DependencyMatcher(nlp.vocab) > matcher = DependencyMatcher(nlp.vocab)
> matcher.add("TEST_PATTERNS", patterns) > matcher.add("FOUNDED", patterns, on_match=on_match)
> ``` > ```
| Name | Description | | Name | Description |
| -------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `match_id` | An ID for the thing you're matching. ~~str~~ | | `match_id` | An ID for the patterns. ~~str~~ |
| `patterns` | list | Match pattern. A pattern consists of a list of dicts, where each dict describes a `"PATTERN"` and `"SPEC"`. ~~List[List[Dict[str, dict]]]~~ | | `patterns` | A list of match patterns. A pattern consists of a list of dicts, where each dict describes a token in the tree. ~~List[List[Dict[str, Union[str, Dict]]]]~~ |
| _keyword-only_ | | | | _keyword-only_ | | |
| `on_match` | Callback function to act on matches. Takes the arguments `matcher`, `doc`, `i` and `matches`. ~~Optional[Callable[[Matcher, Doc, int, List[tuple], Any]]~~ | | `on_match` | Callback function to act on matches. Takes the arguments `matcher`, `doc`, `i` and `matches`. ~~Optional[Callable[[DependencyMatcher, Doc, int, List[Tuple], Any]]~~ |
## DependencyMatcher.remove {#remove tag="method"}
Remove a rule from the matcher. A `KeyError` is raised if the match ID does not
exist.
> #### Example
>
> ```python
> matcher.add("Rule", [pattern]])
> assert "Rule" in matcher
> matcher.remove("Rule")
> assert "Rule" not in matcher
> ```
| Name | Description |
| ----- | --------------------------------- |
| `key` | The ID of the match rule. ~~str~~ |
## DependencyMatcher.get {#get tag="method"} ## DependencyMatcher.get {#get tag="method"}
@ -188,11 +238,29 @@ Retrieve the pattern stored for a key. Returns the rule as an
> #### Example > #### Example
> >
> ```python > ```python
> matcher.add("Rule", [pattern], on_match=on_match) > matcher.add("FOUNDED", patterns, on_match=on_match)
> on_match, patterns = matcher.get("Rule") > on_match, patterns = matcher.get("FOUNDED")
> ``` > ```
| Name | Description | | Name | Description |
| ----------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | ----------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `key` | The ID of the match rule. ~~str~~ |
| **RETURNS** | The rule, as an `(on_match, patterns)` tuple. ~~Tuple[Optional[Callable], List[List[Union[Dict, Tuple]]]]~~ |
## DependencyMatcher.remove {#remove tag="method"}
Remove a rule from the dependency matcher. A `KeyError` is raised if the match
ID does not exist.
> #### Example
>
> ```python
> matcher.add("FOUNDED", patterns)
> assert "FOUNDED" in matcher
> matcher.remove("FOUNDED")
> assert "FOUNDED" not in matcher
> ```
| Name | Description |
| ----- | --------------------------------- |
| `key` | The ID of the match rule. ~~str~~ | | `key` | The ID of the match rule. ~~str~~ |
| **RETURNS** | The rule, as an `(on_match, patterns)` tuple. ~~Tuple[Optional[Callable], List[List[dict]]]~~ |

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<tspan x="495.788" y="254.9">DEP: nsubj</tspan>
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<tspan x="783.537" y="353.55">ID: modifier</tspan>
<tspan x="783.537" y="369.55">DEP: amod | compound</tspan>
</text>
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</text>
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:lang="en" id="c3124cc3e661444cb9d4175a5b7c09d1-0" class="displacy" width="925" height="399.5" direction="ltr" style="max-width: none; height: 399.5px; color: #000000; background: #ffffff; font-family: Arial; direction: ltr">
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<tspan class="displacy-word" fill="currentColor" x="50">Smith</tspan>
<tspan class="displacy-tag" dy="2em" fill="currentColor" x="50"></tspan>
</text>
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</text>
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</text>
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<tspan class="displacy-word" fill="currentColor" x="575">healthcare</tspan>
<tspan class="displacy-tag" dy="2em" fill="currentColor" x="575"></tspan>
</text>
<text class="displacy-token" fill="currentColor" text-anchor="middle" y="309.5">
<tspan class="displacy-word" fill="currentColor" x="750">company.</tspan>
<tspan class="displacy-tag" dy="2em" fill="currentColor" x="750"></tspan>
</text>
<g class="displacy-arrow">
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@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ teaser: Find phrases and tokens, and match entities
menu: menu:
- ['Token Matcher', 'matcher'] - ['Token Matcher', 'matcher']
- ['Phrase Matcher', 'phrasematcher'] - ['Phrase Matcher', 'phrasematcher']
- ['Dependency Matcher', 'dependencymatcher']
- ['Entity Ruler', 'entityruler'] - ['Entity Ruler', 'entityruler']
- ['Models & Rules', 'models-rules'] - ['Models & Rules', 'models-rules']
--- ---
@ -938,10 +939,10 @@ object patterns as efficiently as possible and without running any of the other
pipeline components. If the token attribute you want to match on are set by a pipeline components. If the token attribute you want to match on are set by a
pipeline component, **make sure that the pipeline component runs** when you pipeline component, **make sure that the pipeline component runs** when you
create the pattern. For example, to match on `POS` or `LEMMA`, the pattern `Doc` create the pattern. For example, to match on `POS` or `LEMMA`, the pattern `Doc`
objects need to have part-of-speech tags set by the `tagger`. You can either objects need to have part-of-speech tags set by the `tagger` or `morphologizer`.
call the `nlp` object on your pattern texts instead of `nlp.make_doc`, or use You can either call the `nlp` object on your pattern texts instead of
[`nlp.select_pipes`](/api/language#select_pipes) to disable components `nlp.make_doc`, or use [`nlp.select_pipes`](/api/language#select_pipes) to
selectively. disable components selectively.
</Infobox> </Infobox>
@ -972,10 +973,268 @@ to match phrases with the same sequence of punctuation and non-punctuation
tokens as the pattern. But this can easily get confusing and doesn't have much tokens as the pattern. But this can easily get confusing and doesn't have much
of an advantage over writing one or two token patterns. of an advantage over writing one or two token patterns.
## Dependency Matcher {#dependencymatcher new="3"}
The [`DependencyMatcher`](/api/dependencymatcher) lets you match patterns within
the dependency parse. It requires a model containing a parser such as the
[`DependencyParser`](/api/dependencyparser). Instead of defining a list of
adjacent tokens as in `Matcher` patterns, the `DependencyMatcher` patterns match
tokens in the dependency parse and specify the relations between them.
> ```python
> ### Example
> from spacy.matcher import DependencyMatcher
>
> # "[subject] ... initially founded"
> pattern = [
> # anchor token: founded
> {
> "RIGHT_ID": "founded",
> "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "founded"}
> },
> # founded -> subject
> {
> "LEFT_ID": "founded",
> "REL_OP": ">",
> "RIGHT_ID": "subject",
> "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"DEP": "nsubj"}
> },
> # "founded" follows "initially"
> {
> "LEFT_ID": "founded",
> "REL_OP": ";",
> "RIGHT_ID": "initially",
> "RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "initially"}
> }
> ]
>
> matcher = DependencyMatcher(nlp.vocab)
> matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern])
> matches = matcher(doc)
> ```
A pattern added to the `DependencyMatcher` consists of a list of dictionaries,
with each dictionary describing a token to match and its relation to an existing
token in the pattern. Except for the first dictionary, which defines an anchor
token using only `RIGHT_ID` and `RIGHT_ATTRS`, each pattern should have the
following keys:
| Name | Description |
| ------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `LEFT_ID` | The name of the left-hand node in the relation, which has been defined in an earlier node. |
| `REL_OP` | An operator that describes how the two nodes are related. ~~str~~ |
| `RIGHT_ID` | A unique name for the right-hand node in the relation. ~~str~~ |
| `RIGHT_ATTRS` | The token attributes to match for the right-hand node in the same format as patterns provided to the regular token-based [`Matcher`](/api/matcher). ~~Dict[str, Any]~~ |
Each additional token added to the pattern is linked to an existing token
`LEFT_ID` by the relation `REL_OP`. The new token is given the name `RIGHT_ID`
and described by the attributes `RIGHT_ATTRS`.
<Infobox title="Important note" variant="warning">
Because the unique token **names** in `LEFT_ID` and `RIGHT_ID` are used to
identify tokens, the order of the dicts in the patterns is important: a token
name needs to be defined as `RIGHT_ID` in one dict in the pattern **before** it
can be used as `LEFT_ID` in another dict.
</Infobox>
### Dependency matcher operators
The following operators are supported by the `DependencyMatcher`, most of which
come directly from
[Semgrex](https://nlp.stanford.edu/nlp/javadoc/javanlp/edu/stanford/nlp/semgraph/semgrex/SemgrexPattern.html):
| Symbol | Description |
| --------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `A < B` | `A` is the immediate dependent of `B` |
| `A > B` | `A` is the immediate head of `B` |
| `A << B` | `A` is the dependent in a chain to `B` following dep->head paths |
| `A >> B` | `A` is the head in a chain to `B` following head->dep paths |
| `A . B` | `A` immediately precedes `B`, i.e. `A.i == B.i - 1`, and both are within the same dependency tree |
| `A .* B` | `A` precedes `B`, i.e. `A.i < B.i`, and both are within the same dependency tree _(not in Semgrex)_ |
| `A ; B` | `A` immediately follows `B`, i.e. `A.i == B.i + 1`, and both are within the same dependency tree _(not in Semgrex)_ |
| `A ;* B` | `A` follows `B`, i.e. `A.i > B.i`, and both are within the same dependency tree _(not in Semgrex)_ |
| `A $+ B` | `B` is a right immediate sibling of `A`, i.e. `A` and `B` have the same parent and `A.i == B.i - 1` |
| `A $- B` | `B` is a left immediate sibling of `A`, i.e. `A` and `B` have the same parent and `A.i == B.i + 1` |
| `A $++ B` | `B` is a right sibling of `A`, i.e. `A` and `B` have the same parent and `A.i < B.i` |
| `A $-- B` | `B` is a left sibling of `A`, i.e. `A` and `B` have the same parent and `A.i > B.i` |
### Designing dependency matcher patterns
Let's say we want to find sentences describing who founded what kind of company:
- `Smith founded a healthcare company in 2005.`
- `Williams initially founded an insurance company in 1987.`
- `Lee, an experienced CEO, has founded two AI startups.`
The dependency parse for `Smith founded a healthcare company` shows types of
relations and tokens we want to match:
import DisplaCyDepFoundedHtml from 'images/displacy-dep-founded.html'
<Iframe title="displaCy visualization of dependencies" html={DisplaCyDepFoundedHtml} height={450} />
The relations we're interested in are:
- the founder is the subject (`nsubj`) of the token with the text `founded`
- the company is the object (`dobj`) of `founded`
- the kind of company may be an adjective (`amod`, not shown above) or a
compound (`compound`)
The first step is to pick an anchor token for the pattern. Since it's the root
of the dependency parse, `founded` is a good choice here. It is often easier to
construct patterns when all dependency relation operators point from the head to
the children. In this example, we'll only use `>`, which connects a head to an
immediate dependent as `head > child`.
The simplest dependency matcher pattern will identify and name a single token in
the tree:
```python
### {executable="true"}
import spacy
from spacy.matcher import DependencyMatcher
nlp = spacy.load("en_core_web_sm")
matcher = DependencyMatcher(nlp.vocab)
pattern = [
{
"RIGHT_ID": "anchor_founded", # unique name
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "founded"} # token pattern for "founded"
}
]
matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern])
doc = nlp("Smith founded two companies.")
matches = matcher(doc)
print(matches) # [(4851363122962674176, [1])]
```
Now that we have a named anchor token (`anchor_founded`), we can add the founder
as the immediate dependent (`>`) of `founded` with the dependency label `nsubj`:
```python
pattern = [
{
"RIGHT_ID": "anchor_founded",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "founded"}
},
{
"LEFT_ID": "anchor_founded",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "subject",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"DEP": "nsubj"},
}
]
```
The direct object (`dobj`) is added in the same way:
```python
pattern = [ ...
{
"LEFT_ID": "anchor_founded",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "founded_object",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"DEP": "dobj"},
}
]
```
When the subject and object tokens are added, they are required to have names
under the key `RIGHT_ID`, which are allowed to be any unique string, e.g.
`founded_subject`. These names can then be used as `LEFT_ID` to link new tokens
into the pattern. For the final part of our pattern, we'll specify that the
token `founded_object` should have a modifier with the dependency relation
`amod` or `compound`:
```python
pattern = [ ...
{
"LEFT_ID": "founded_object",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "founded_object_modifier",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"DEP": {"IN": ["amod", "compound"]}},
}
]
```
You can picture the process of creating a dependency matcher pattern as defining
an anchor token on the left and building up the pattern by linking tokens
one-by-one on the right using relation operators. To create a valid pattern,
each new token needs to be linked to an existing token on its left. As for
`founded` in this example, a token may be linked to more than one token on its
right:
<!-- TODO: adjust for final example, prettify -->
![Dependency matcher pattern](../images/dep-match-diagram.svg)
The full pattern comes together as shown in the example below:
```python
### {executable="true"}
import spacy
from spacy.matcher import DependencyMatcher
nlp = spacy.load("en_core_web_sm")
matcher = DependencyMatcher(nlp.vocab)
pattern = [
{
"RIGHT_ID": "anchor_founded",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"ORTH": "founded"}
},
{
"LEFT_ID": "anchor_founded",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "subject",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"DEP": "nsubj"},
},
{
"LEFT_ID": "anchor_founded",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "founded_object",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"DEP": "dobj"},
},
{
"LEFT_ID": "founded_object",
"REL_OP": ">",
"RIGHT_ID": "founded_object_modifier",
"RIGHT_ATTRS": {"DEP": {"IN": ["amod", "compound"]}},
}
]
matcher.add("FOUNDED", [pattern])
doc = nlp("Lee, an experienced CEO, has founded two AI startups.")
matches = matcher(doc)
print(matches) # [(4851363122962674176, [6, 0, 10, 9])]
# each token_id corresponds to one pattern dict
match_id, token_ids = matches[0]
for i in range(len(token_ids)):
print(pattern[i]["RIGHT_ID"] + ":", doc[token_ids[i]].text)
```
<Infobox title="Important note on speed" variant="warning">
The dependency matcher may be slow when token patterns can potentially match
many tokens in the sentence or when relation operators allow longer paths in the
dependency parse, e.g. `<<`, `>>`, `.*` and `;*`.
To improve the matcher speed, try to make your token patterns and operators as
specific as possible. For example, use `>` instead of `>>` if possible and use
token patterns that include dependency labels and other token attributes instead
of patterns such as `{}` that match any token in the sentence.
</Infobox>
## Rule-based entity recognition {#entityruler new="2.1"} ## Rule-based entity recognition {#entityruler new="2.1"}
The [`EntityRuler`](/api/entityruler) is an exciting new component that lets you The [`EntityRuler`](/api/entityruler) is a component that lets you add named
add named entities based on pattern dictionaries, and makes it easy to combine entities based on pattern dictionaries, which makes it easy to combine
rule-based and statistical named entity recognition for even more powerful rule-based and statistical named entity recognition for even more powerful
models. models.

4
website/docs/usage/v3.md
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@ -153,6 +153,7 @@ add to your pipeline and customize for your use case:
| [`Morphologizer`](/api/morphologizer) | Trainable component to predict morphological features. | | [`Morphologizer`](/api/morphologizer) | Trainable component to predict morphological features. |
| [`Lemmatizer`](/api/lemmatizer) | Standalone component for rule-based and lookup lemmatization. | | [`Lemmatizer`](/api/lemmatizer) | Standalone component for rule-based and lookup lemmatization. |
| [`AttributeRuler`](/api/attributeruler) | Component for setting token attributes using match patterns. | | [`AttributeRuler`](/api/attributeruler) | Component for setting token attributes using match patterns. |
| [`DependencyMatcher`](/api/dependencymatcher) | Component for matching subtrees within a dependency parse. |
| [`Transformer`](/api/transformer) | Component for using [transformer models](/usage/embeddings-transformers) in your pipeline, accessing outputs and aligning tokens. Provided via [`spacy-transformers`](https://github.com/explosion/spacy-transformers). | | [`Transformer`](/api/transformer) | Component for using [transformer models](/usage/embeddings-transformers) in your pipeline, accessing outputs and aligning tokens. Provided via [`spacy-transformers`](https://github.com/explosion/spacy-transformers). |
<Infobox title="Details & Documentation" emoji="📖" list> <Infobox title="Details & Documentation" emoji="📖" list>
@ -314,7 +315,8 @@ format for documenting argument and return types.
[`Transformer`](/api/transformer), [`Lemmatizer`](/api/lemmatizer), [`Transformer`](/api/transformer), [`Lemmatizer`](/api/lemmatizer),
[`Morphologizer`](/api/morphologizer), [`Morphologizer`](/api/morphologizer),
[`AttributeRuler`](/api/attributeruler), [`AttributeRuler`](/api/attributeruler),
[`SentenceRecognizer`](/api/sentencerecognizer), [`Pipe`](/api/pipe), [`SentenceRecognizer`](/api/sentencerecognizer),
[`DependencyMatcher`])(/api/dependencymatcher), [`Pipe`](/api/pipe),
[`Corpus`](/api/corpus) [`Corpus`](/api/corpus)
</Infobox> </Infobox>