Merge branch 'main' into main

.github/workflows/deploy.yml

@@ -10,17 +10,17 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-    - name: Set up Python 3.9
+    - name: Set up Python 3.11
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       with:
-        python-version: 3.9
+        python-version: '3.11'
     - name: Build wheel and source tarball
       run: |
         pip install wheel
         python setup.py sdist bdist_wheel
     - name: Publish a Python distribution to PyPI
-      uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@v1.1.0
+      uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@v1.8.6
       with:
         user: __token__
         password: ${{ secrets.pypi_password }}

.github/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -7,16 +7,16 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-    - name: Set up Python 3.9
+    - name: Set up Python 3.11
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       with:
-        python-version: 3.9
+        python-version: '3.11'
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: |
         python -m pip install --upgrade pip
         pip install tox
-    - name: Run lint 💅
+    - name: Run pre-commit 💅
       run: tox
       env:
-        TOXENV: flake8
+        TOXENV: pre-commit

.github/workflows/tests.yml

@@ -8,13 +8,17 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       max-parallel: 4
       matrix:
-        django: ["2.2", "3.0", "3.1", "3.2"]
+        django: ["3.2", "4.0", "4.1"]
-        python-version: ["3.6", "3.7", "3.8", "3.9"]
+        python-version: ["3.8", "3.9", "3.10"]
-
+        include:
+          - django: "3.2"
+            python-version: "3.7"
+          - django: "4.1"
+            python-version: "3.11"
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
     - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
     - name: Install dependencies

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+default_language_version:
+  python: python3.11
+repos:
+-   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
+    rev: v4.4.0
+    hooks:
+    -   id: check-merge-conflict
+    -   id: check-json
+    -   id: check-yaml
+    -   id: debug-statements
+    -   id: end-of-file-fixer
+        exclude: ^docs/.*$
+    -   id: pretty-format-json
+        args:
+        - --autofix
+    -   id: trailing-whitespace
+        exclude: README.md
+-   repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
+    rev: v3.3.2
+    hooks:
+    -   id: pyupgrade
+        args: [--py37-plus]
+-   repo: https://github.com/psf/black
+    rev: 23.3.0
+    hooks:
+    -   id: black
+-   repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8
+    rev: 6.0.0
+    hooks:
+    -   id: flake8

Makefile

@@ -1,22 +1,22 @@
+.PHONY: help
+help:
+	@echo "Please use \`make <target>' where <target> is one of"
+	@grep -E '^\.PHONY: [a-zA-Z_-]+ .*?## .*$$' $(MAKEFILE_LIST) | sort | awk 'BEGIN {FS = "(: |##)"}; {printf "\033[36m%-30s\033[0m %s\n", $$2, $$3}'
+
 .PHONY: dev-setup ## Install development dependencies
 dev-setup:
 	pip install -e ".[dev]"
+	python -m pre_commit install
 
-.PHONY: install-dev
+.PHONY: tests ## Run unit tests
-install-dev: dev-setup  # Alias install-dev -> dev-setup
-
-.PHONY: tests
 tests:
 	py.test graphene_django --cov=graphene_django -vv
 
-.PHONY: test
+.PHONY: format ## Format code
-test: tests  # Alias test -> tests
-
-.PHONY: format
 format:
-	black --exclude "/migrations/" graphene_django examples setup.py
+	black graphene_django examples setup.py
 
-.PHONY: lint
+.PHONY: lint ## Lint code
 lint:
 	flake8 graphene_django examples
 

README.md

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ from graphene_django.views import GraphQLView
 
 urlpatterns = [
     # ...
-    path('graphql', GraphQLView.as_view(graphiql=True)),
+    path('graphql/', GraphQLView.as_view(graphiql=True)),
 ]
 ```
 

docs/authorization.rst

@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ For Django 2.2 and above:
 
     urlpatterns = [
       # some other urls
-      path('graphql', PrivateGraphQLView.as_view(graphiql=True, schema=schema)),
+      path('graphql/', PrivateGraphQLView.as_view(graphiql=True, schema=schema)),
     ]
 
 .. _LoginRequiredMixin: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/auth/default/#the-loginrequired-mixin

docs/filtering.rst

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ Filtering
 =========
 
 Graphene integrates with
-`django-filter <https://django-filter.readthedocs.io/en/master/>`__ to provide filtering of results.
+`django-filter <https://django-filter.readthedocs.io/en/stable/>`__ to provide filtering of results.
-See the `usage documentation <https://django-filter.readthedocs.io/en/master/guide/usage.html#the-filter>`__
+See the `usage documentation <https://django-filter.readthedocs.io/en/stable/guide/usage.html#the-filter>`__
 for details on the format for ``filter_fields``.
 
 This filtering is automatically available when implementing a ``relay.Node``.
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ After installing ``django-filter`` you'll need to add the application in the ``s
     ]
 
 Note: The techniques below are demoed in the `cookbook example
-app <https://github.com/graphql-python/graphene-django/tree/master/examples/cookbook>`__.
+app <https://github.com/graphql-python/graphene-django/tree/main/examples/cookbook>`__.
 
 Filterable fields
 -----------------
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Filterable fields
 The ``filter_fields`` parameter is used to specify the fields which can
 be filtered upon. The value specified here is passed directly to
 ``django-filter``, so see the `filtering
-documentation <https://django-filter.readthedocs.io/en/master/guide/usage.html#the-filter>`__
+documentation <https://django-filter.readthedocs.io/en/main/guide/usage.html#the-filter>`__
 for full details on the range of options available.
 
 For example:
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ in unison  with the ``filter_fields`` parameter:
         all_animals = DjangoFilterConnectionField(AnimalNode)
 
 
-The context argument is passed on as the `request argument <http://django-filter.readthedocs.io/en/master/guide/usage.html#request-based-filtering>`__
+The context argument is passed on as the `request argument <http://django-filter.readthedocs.io/en/main/guide/usage.html#request-based-filtering>`__
 in a ``django_filters.FilterSet`` instance. You can use this to customize your
 filters to be context-dependent. We could modify the ``AnimalFilter`` above to
 pre-filter animals owned by the authenticated user (set in ``context.user``).

docs/queries.rst

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ For example the following ``Model`` and ``DjangoObjectType``:
 
 Results in the following GraphQL schema definition:
 
-.. code::
+.. code:: graphql
 
    type Pet {
      id: ID!
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ You can disable this automatic conversion by setting
             fields = ("id", "kind",)
             convert_choices_to_enum = False
 
-.. code::
+.. code:: graphql
 
   type Pet {
     id: ID!
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ Additionally, Resolvers will receive **any arguments declared in the field defin
             bar=graphene.Int()
         )
 
-        def resolve_question(root, info, foo, bar):
+        def resolve_question(root, info, foo=None, bar=None):
             # If `foo` or `bar` are declared in the GraphQL query they will be here, else None.
             return Question.objects.filter(foo=foo, bar=bar).first()
 
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ the core graphene pages for more information on customizing the Relay experience
 You can now execute queries like:
 
 
-.. code:: python
+.. code:: graphql
 
     {
         questions (first: 2, after: "YXJyYXljb25uZWN0aW9uOjEwNQ==") {
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ You can now execute queries like:
 
 Which returns:
 
-.. code:: python
+.. code:: json
 
     {
         "data": {

docs/schema.py

@@ -1,32 +1,29 @@
-  import graphene
+import graphene
 
-  from graphene_django.types import DjangoObjectType
+from graphene_django.types import DjangoObjectType
 
-  from cookbook.ingredients.models import Category, Ingredient
+from cookbook.ingredients.models import Category, Ingredient
 
 
-  class CategoryType(DjangoObjectType):
+class CategoryType(DjangoObjectType):
     class Meta:
         model = Category
-          fields = '__all__'
+        fields = "__all__"
 
 
-  class IngredientType(DjangoObjectType):
+class IngredientType(DjangoObjectType):
     class Meta:
         model = Ingredient
-          fields = '__all__'
+        fields = "__all__"
 
 
-  class Query(object):
+class Query:
-      category = graphene.Field(CategoryType,
+    category = graphene.Field(CategoryType, id=graphene.Int(), name=graphene.String())
-                                id=graphene.Int(),
-                                name=graphene.String())
     all_categories = graphene.List(CategoryType)
 
-
+    ingredient = graphene.Field(
-      ingredient = graphene.Field(IngredientType,
+        IngredientType, id=graphene.Int(), name=graphene.String()
-                                  id=graphene.Int(),
+    )
-                                  name=graphene.String())
     all_ingredients = graphene.List(IngredientType)
 
     def resolve_all_categories(self, info, **kwargs):
@@ -36,8 +33,8 @@
         return Ingredient.objects.all()
 
     def resolve_category(self, info, **kwargs):
-          id = kwargs.get('id')
+        id = kwargs.get("id")
-          name = kwargs.get('name')
+        name = kwargs.get("name")
 
         if id is not None:
             return Category.objects.get(pk=id)
@@ -48,8 +45,8 @@
         return None
 
     def resolve_ingredient(self, info, **kwargs):
-          id = kwargs.get('id')
+        id = kwargs.get("id")
-          name = kwargs.get('name')
+        name = kwargs.get("name")
 
         if id is not None:
             return Ingredient.objects.get(pk=id)

docs/settings.rst

@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ Default: ``None``
 
 
 ``GRAPHIQL_HEADER_EDITOR_ENABLED``
----------------------
+----------------------------------
 
 GraphiQL starting from version 1.0.0 allows setting custom headers in similar fashion to query variables.
 
@@ -207,3 +207,36 @@ Default: ``True``
    GRAPHENE = {
       'GRAPHIQL_HEADER_EDITOR_ENABLED': True,
    }
+
+
+``TESTING_ENDPOINT``
+--------------------
+
+Define the graphql endpoint url used for the `GraphQLTestCase` class.
+
+Default: ``/graphql``
+
+.. code:: python
+
+   GRAPHENE = {
+      'TESTING_ENDPOINT': '/customEndpoint'
+   }
+
+
+``GRAPHIQL_SHOULD_PERSIST_HEADERS``
+---------------------
+
+Set to ``True`` if you want to persist GraphiQL headers after refreshing the page.
+
+This setting is passed to ``shouldPersistHeaders`` GraphiQL options, for details refer to GraphiQLDocs_.
+
+.. _GraphiQLDocs: https://github.com/graphql/graphiql/tree/main/packages/graphiql#options
+
+
+Default: ``False``
+
+.. code:: python
+
+   GRAPHENE = {
+      'GRAPHIQL_SHOULD_PERSIST_HEADERS': False,
+   }

docs/testing.rst

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ Using unittest
 
 If you want to unittest your API calls derive your test case from the class `GraphQLTestCase`.
 
-Your endpoint is set through the `GRAPHQL_URL` attribute on `GraphQLTestCase`. The default endpoint is `GRAPHQL_URL = "/graphql/"`.
+The default endpoint for testing is `/graphql`. You can override this in the `settings <https://docs.graphene-python.org/projects/django/en/latest/settings/#testing-endpoint>`__.
+
 
 Usage:
 
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ Usage:
                     }
                 }
                 ''',
-                op_name='myModel'
+                operation_name='myModel'
             )
 
             content = json.loads(response.content)
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ Usage:
                     }
                 }
                 ''',
-                op_name='myModel',
+                operation_name='myModel',
                 variables={'id': 1}
             )
 
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ Usage:
                     }
                 }
                 ''',
-                op_name='myMutation',
+                operation_name='myMutation',
                 input_data={'my_field': 'foo', 'other_field': 'bar'}
             )
 
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ Usage:
                     }
                 }
                 ''',
-                op_name='myMutation',
+                operation_name='myMutation',
                 input_data={'my_field': 'foo', 'other_field': 'bar'}
             )
 
@@ -147,7 +148,7 @@ To use pytest define a simple fixture using the query helper below
                     }
                 }
                 ''',
-                op_name='myModel'
+                operation_name='myModel'
             )
 
             content = json.loads(response.content)

docs/tutorial-plain.rst

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ Now sync your database for the first time:
 
 .. code:: bash
 
+    cd ..
     python manage.py migrate
 
 Let's create a few simple models...
@@ -77,6 +78,18 @@ Add ingredients as INSTALLED_APPS:
         "cookbook.ingredients",
     ]
 
+Make sure the app name in ``cookbook.ingredients.apps.IngredientsConfig`` is set to ``cookbook.ingredients``.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    # cookbook/ingredients/apps.py
+
+    from django.apps import AppConfig
+
+
+    class IngredientsConfig(AppConfig):
+        default_auto_field = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
+        name = 'cookbook.ingredients'
 
 Don't forget to create & run migrations:
 

docs/tutorial-relay.rst

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ Create ``cookbook/ingredients/schema.py`` and type the following:
             interfaces = (relay.Node, )
 
 
-    class Query(graphene.ObjectType):
+    class Query(ObjectType):
         category = relay.Node.Field(CategoryNode)
         all_categories = DjangoFilterConnectionField(CategoryNode)
 

examples/cookbook-plain/README.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ whole Graphene repository:
 ```bash
 # Get the example project code
 git clone https://github.com/graphql-python/graphene-django.git
-cd graphene-django/examples/cookbook
+cd graphene-django/examples/cookbook-plain
 ```
 
 It is good idea (but not required) to create a virtual environment

examples/cookbook-plain/cookbook/ingredients/fixtures/ingredients.json

@@ -1 +1,52 @@
-[{"model": "ingredients.category", "pk": 1, "fields": {"name": "Dairy"}}, {"model": "ingredients.category", "pk": 2, "fields": {"name": "Meat"}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 1, "fields": {"name": "Eggs", "notes": "Good old eggs", "category": 1}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 2, "fields": {"name": "Milk", "notes": "Comes from a cow", "category": 1}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 3, "fields": {"name": "Beef", "notes": "Much like milk, this comes from a cow", "category": 2}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 4, "fields": {"name": "Chicken", "notes": "Definitely doesn't come from a cow", "category": 2}}]
+[
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "name": "Dairy"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.category",
+    "pk": 1
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "name": "Meat"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.category",
+    "pk": 2
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 1,
+      "name": "Eggs",
+      "notes": "Good old eggs"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 1
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 1,
+      "name": "Milk",
+      "notes": "Comes from a cow"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 2
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 2,
+      "name": "Beef",
+      "notes": "Much like milk, this comes from a cow"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 3
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 2,
+      "name": "Chicken",
+      "notes": "Definitely doesn't come from a cow"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 4
+  }
+]

examples/cookbook-plain/cookbook/ingredients/migrations/0001_initial.py

@@ -1,33 +1,52 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Generated by Django 1.9 on 2015-12-04 18:15
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import django.db.models.deletion
 from django.db import migrations, models
 
 
 class Migration(migrations.Migration):
-
     initial = True
 
-    dependencies = [
+    dependencies = []
-    ]
 
     operations = [
         migrations.CreateModel(
-            name='Category',
+            name="Category",
             fields=[
-                ('id', models.AutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                (
-                ('name', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
+                    "id",
+                    models.AutoField(
+                        auto_created=True,
+                        primary_key=True,
+                        serialize=False,
+                        verbose_name="ID",
+                    ),
+                ),
+                ("name", models.CharField(max_length=100)),
             ],
         ),
         migrations.CreateModel(
-            name='Ingredient',
+            name="Ingredient",
             fields=[
-                ('id', models.AutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                (
-                ('name', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
+                    "id",
-                ('notes', models.TextField()),
+                    models.AutoField(
-                ('category', models.ForeignKey(on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, related_name='ingredients', to='ingredients.Category')),
+                        auto_created=True,
+                        primary_key=True,
+                        serialize=False,
+                        verbose_name="ID",
+                    ),
+                ),
+                ("name", models.CharField(max_length=100)),
+                ("notes", models.TextField()),
+                (
+                    "category",
+                    models.ForeignKey(
+                        on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE,
+                        related_name="ingredients",
+                        to="ingredients.Category",
+                    ),
+                ),
             ],
         ),
     ]

examples/cookbook-plain/cookbook/ingredients/migrations/0002_auto_20161104_0050.py

@@ -1,20 +1,17 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Generated by Django 1.9 on 2016-11-04 00:50
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 from django.db import migrations, models
 
 
 class Migration(migrations.Migration):
-
     dependencies = [
-        ('ingredients', '0001_initial'),
+        ("ingredients", "0001_initial"),
     ]
 
     operations = [
         migrations.AlterField(
-            model_name='ingredient',
+            model_name="ingredient",
-            name='notes',
+            name="notes",
             field=models.TextField(blank=True, null=True),
         ),
     ]

examples/cookbook-plain/cookbook/ingredients/migrations/0003_auto_20181018_1746.py

@@ -4,14 +4,13 @@ from django.db import migrations
 
 
 class Migration(migrations.Migration):
-
     dependencies = [
-        ('ingredients', '0002_auto_20161104_0050'),
+        ("ingredients", "0002_auto_20161104_0050"),
     ]
 
     operations = [
         migrations.AlterModelOptions(
-            name='category',
+            name="category",
-            options={'verbose_name_plural': 'Categories'},
+            options={"verbose_name_plural": "Categories"},
         ),
     ]

examples/cookbook-plain/cookbook/ingredients/schema.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class IngredientType(DjangoObjectType):
         fields = "__all__"
 
 
-class Query(object):
+class Query:
     category = graphene.Field(CategoryType, id=graphene.Int(), name=graphene.String())
     all_categories = graphene.List(CategoryType)
 

examples/cookbook-plain/cookbook/recipes/migrations/0001_initial.py

@@ -1,36 +1,69 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Generated by Django 1.9 on 2015-12-04 18:20
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import django.db.models.deletion
 from django.db import migrations, models
 
 
 class Migration(migrations.Migration):
-
     initial = True
 
     dependencies = [
-        ('ingredients', '0001_initial'),
+        ("ingredients", "0001_initial"),
     ]
 
     operations = [
         migrations.CreateModel(
-            name='Recipe',
+            name="Recipe",
             fields=[
-                ('id', models.AutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                (
-                ('title', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
+                    "id",
-                ('instructions', models.TextField()),
+                    models.AutoField(
+                        auto_created=True,
+                        primary_key=True,
+                        serialize=False,
+                        verbose_name="ID",
+                    ),
+                ),
+                ("title", models.CharField(max_length=100)),
+                ("instructions", models.TextField()),
             ],
         ),
         migrations.CreateModel(
-            name='RecipeIngredient',
+            name="RecipeIngredient",
             fields=[
-                ('id', models.AutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                (
-                ('amount', models.FloatField()),
+                    "id",
-                ('unit', models.CharField(choices=[('kg', 'Kilograms'), ('l', 'Litres'), ('', 'Units')], max_length=20)),
+                    models.AutoField(
-                ('ingredient', models.ForeignKey(on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, related_name='used_by', to='ingredients.Ingredient')),
+                        auto_created=True,
-                ('recipes', models.ForeignKey(on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, related_name='amounts', to='recipes.Recipe')),
+                        primary_key=True,
+                        serialize=False,
+                        verbose_name="ID",
+                    ),
+                ),
+                ("amount", models.FloatField()),
+                (
+                    "unit",
+                    models.CharField(
+                        choices=[("kg", "Kilograms"), ("l", "Litres"), ("", "Units")],
+                        max_length=20,
+                    ),
+                ),
+                (
+                    "ingredient",
+                    models.ForeignKey(
+                        on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE,
+                        related_name="used_by",
+                        to="ingredients.Ingredient",
+                    ),
+                ),
+                (
+                    "recipes",
+                    models.ForeignKey(
+                        on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE,
+                        related_name="amounts",
+                        to="recipes.Recipe",
+                    ),
+                ),
             ],
         ),
     ]

examples/cookbook-plain/cookbook/recipes/migrations/0002_auto_20161104_0106.py

@@ -1,25 +1,30 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Generated by Django 1.9 on 2016-11-04 01:06
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 from django.db import migrations, models
 
 
 class Migration(migrations.Migration):
-
     dependencies = [
-        ('recipes', '0001_initial'),
+        ("recipes", "0001_initial"),
     ]
 
     operations = [
         migrations.RenameField(
-            model_name='recipeingredient',
+            model_name="recipeingredient",
-            old_name='recipes',
+            old_name="recipes",
-            new_name='recipe',
+            new_name="recipe",
         ),
         migrations.AlterField(
-            model_name='recipeingredient',
+            model_name="recipeingredient",
-            name='unit',
+            name="unit",
-            field=models.CharField(choices=[(b'unit', b'Units'), (b'kg', b'Kilograms'), (b'l', b'Litres'), (b'st', b'Shots')], max_length=20),
+            field=models.CharField(
+                choices=[
+                    (b"unit", b"Units"),
+                    (b"kg", b"Kilograms"),
+                    (b"l", b"Litres"),
+                    (b"st", b"Shots"),
+                ],
+                max_length=20,
+            ),
         ),
     ]

examples/cookbook-plain/cookbook/recipes/migrations/0003_auto_20181018_1728.py

@@ -4,15 +4,22 @@ from django.db import migrations, models
 
 
 class Migration(migrations.Migration):
-
     dependencies = [
-        ('recipes', '0002_auto_20161104_0106'),
+        ("recipes", "0002_auto_20161104_0106"),
     ]
 
     operations = [
         migrations.AlterField(
-            model_name='recipeingredient',
+            model_name="recipeingredient",
-            name='unit',
+            name="unit",
-            field=models.CharField(choices=[('unit', 'Units'), ('kg', 'Kilograms'), ('l', 'Litres'), ('st', 'Shots')], max_length=20),
+            field=models.CharField(
+                choices=[
+                    ("unit", "Units"),
+                    ("kg", "Kilograms"),
+                    ("l", "Litres"),
+                    ("st", "Shots"),
+                ],
+                max_length=20,
+            ),
         ),
     ]

examples/cookbook-plain/cookbook/recipes/schema.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class RecipeIngredientType(DjangoObjectType):
         fields = "__all__"
 
 
-class Query(object):
+class Query:
     recipe = graphene.Field(RecipeType, id=graphene.Int(), title=graphene.String())
     all_recipes = graphene.List(RecipeType)
 

examples/cookbook/README.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Cookbook Example Django Project
+Cookbook Example (Relay) Django Project
 ===============================
 
 This example project demos integration between Graphene and Django.
@@ -60,5 +60,5 @@ Now you should be ready to start the server:
 Now head on over to
 [http://127.0.0.1:8000/graphql](http://127.0.0.1:8000/graphql)
 and run some queries!
-(See the [Graphene-Django Tutorial](http://docs.graphene-python.org/projects/django/en/latest/tutorial-plain/#testing-our-graphql-schema)
+(See the [Graphene-Django Tutorial](http://docs.graphene-python.org/projects/django/en/latest/tutorial-relay/#testing-our-graphql-schema)
 for some example queries)

examples/cookbook/cookbook/ingredients/fixtures/ingredients.json

@@ -1 +1,52 @@
-[{"model": "ingredients.category", "pk": 1, "fields": {"name": "Dairy"}}, {"model": "ingredients.category", "pk": 2, "fields": {"name": "Meat"}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 1, "fields": {"name": "Eggs", "notes": "Good old eggs", "category": 1}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 2, "fields": {"name": "Milk", "notes": "Comes from a cow", "category": 1}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 3, "fields": {"name": "Beef", "notes": "Much like milk, this comes from a cow", "category": 2}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 4, "fields": {"name": "Chicken", "notes": "Definitely doesn't come from a cow", "category": 2}}]
+[
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "name": "Dairy"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.category",
+    "pk": 1
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "name": "Meat"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.category",
+    "pk": 2
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 1,
+      "name": "Eggs",
+      "notes": "Good old eggs"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 1
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 1,
+      "name": "Milk",
+      "notes": "Comes from a cow"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 2
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 2,
+      "name": "Beef",
+      "notes": "Much like milk, this comes from a cow"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 3
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 2,
+      "name": "Chicken",
+      "notes": "Definitely doesn't come from a cow"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 4
+  }
+]

examples/cookbook/cookbook/ingredients/migrations/0001_initial.py

@@ -1,33 +1,52 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Generated by Django 1.9 on 2015-12-04 18:15
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import django.db.models.deletion
 from django.db import migrations, models
 
 
 class Migration(migrations.Migration):
-
     initial = True
 
-    dependencies = [
+    dependencies = []
-    ]
 
     operations = [
         migrations.CreateModel(
-            name='Category',
+            name="Category",
             fields=[
-                ('id', models.AutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                (
-                ('name', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
+                    "id",
+                    models.AutoField(
+                        auto_created=True,
+                        primary_key=True,
+                        serialize=False,
+                        verbose_name="ID",
+                    ),
+                ),
+                ("name", models.CharField(max_length=100)),
             ],
         ),
         migrations.CreateModel(
-            name='Ingredient',
+            name="Ingredient",
             fields=[
-                ('id', models.AutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                (
-                ('name', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
+                    "id",
-                ('notes', models.TextField()),
+                    models.AutoField(
-                ('category', models.ForeignKey(on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, related_name='ingredients', to='ingredients.Category')),
+                        auto_created=True,
+                        primary_key=True,
+                        serialize=False,
+                        verbose_name="ID",
+                    ),
+                ),
+                ("name", models.CharField(max_length=100)),
+                ("notes", models.TextField()),
+                (
+                    "category",
+                    models.ForeignKey(
+                        on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE,
+                        related_name="ingredients",
+                        to="ingredients.Category",
+                    ),
+                ),
             ],
         ),
     ]

examples/cookbook/cookbook/ingredients/migrations/0002_auto_20161104_0050.py

@@ -1,20 +1,17 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Generated by Django 1.9 on 2016-11-04 00:50
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 from django.db import migrations, models
 
 
 class Migration(migrations.Migration):
-
     dependencies = [
-        ('ingredients', '0001_initial'),
+        ("ingredients", "0001_initial"),
     ]
 
     operations = [
         migrations.AlterField(
-            model_name='ingredient',
+            model_name="ingredient",
-            name='notes',
+            name="notes",
             field=models.TextField(blank=True, null=True),
         ),
     ]

examples/cookbook/cookbook/ingredients/schema.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class IngredientNode(DjangoObjectType):
         }
 
 
-class Query(object):
+class Query:
     category = Node.Field(CategoryNode)
     all_categories = DjangoFilterConnectionField(CategoryNode)
 

examples/cookbook/cookbook/recipes/migrations/0001_initial.py

@@ -1,36 +1,69 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Generated by Django 1.9 on 2015-12-04 18:20
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import django.db.models.deletion
 from django.db import migrations, models
 
 
 class Migration(migrations.Migration):
-
     initial = True
 
     dependencies = [
-        ('ingredients', '0001_initial'),
+        ("ingredients", "0001_initial"),
     ]
 
     operations = [
         migrations.CreateModel(
-            name='Recipe',
+            name="Recipe",
             fields=[
-                ('id', models.AutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                (
-                ('title', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
+                    "id",
-                ('instructions', models.TextField()),
+                    models.AutoField(
+                        auto_created=True,
+                        primary_key=True,
+                        serialize=False,
+                        verbose_name="ID",
+                    ),
+                ),
+                ("title", models.CharField(max_length=100)),
+                ("instructions", models.TextField()),
             ],
         ),
         migrations.CreateModel(
-            name='RecipeIngredient',
+            name="RecipeIngredient",
             fields=[
-                ('id', models.AutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                (
-                ('amount', models.FloatField()),
+                    "id",
-                ('unit', models.CharField(choices=[('kg', 'Kilograms'), ('l', 'Litres'), ('', 'Units')], max_length=20)),
+                    models.AutoField(
-                ('ingredient', models.ForeignKey(on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, related_name='used_by', to='ingredients.Ingredient')),
+                        auto_created=True,
-                ('recipes', models.ForeignKey(on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, related_name='amounts', to='recipes.Recipe')),
+                        primary_key=True,
+                        serialize=False,
+                        verbose_name="ID",
+                    ),
+                ),
+                ("amount", models.FloatField()),
+                (
+                    "unit",
+                    models.CharField(
+                        choices=[("kg", "Kilograms"), ("l", "Litres"), ("", "Units")],
+                        max_length=20,
+                    ),
+                ),
+                (
+                    "ingredient",
+                    models.ForeignKey(
+                        on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE,
+                        related_name="used_by",
+                        to="ingredients.Ingredient",
+                    ),
+                ),
+                (
+                    "recipes",
+                    models.ForeignKey(
+                        on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE,
+                        related_name="amounts",
+                        to="recipes.Recipe",
+                    ),
+                ),
             ],
         ),
     ]

examples/cookbook/cookbook/recipes/migrations/0002_auto_20161104_0106.py

@@ -1,25 +1,30 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Generated by Django 1.9 on 2016-11-04 01:06
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 from django.db import migrations, models
 
 
 class Migration(migrations.Migration):
-
     dependencies = [
-        ('recipes', '0001_initial'),
+        ("recipes", "0001_initial"),
     ]
 
     operations = [
         migrations.RenameField(
-            model_name='recipeingredient',
+            model_name="recipeingredient",
-            old_name='recipes',
+            old_name="recipes",
-            new_name='recipe',
+            new_name="recipe",
         ),
         migrations.AlterField(
-            model_name='recipeingredient',
+            model_name="recipeingredient",
-            name='unit',
+            name="unit",
-            field=models.CharField(choices=[(b'unit', b'Units'), (b'kg', b'Kilograms'), (b'l', b'Litres'), (b'st', b'Shots')], max_length=20),
+            field=models.CharField(
+                choices=[
+                    (b"unit", b"Units"),
+                    (b"kg", b"Kilograms"),
+                    (b"l", b"Litres"),
+                    (b"st", b"Shots"),
+                ],
+                max_length=20,
+            ),
         ),
     ]

examples/cookbook/cookbook/recipes/schema.py

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class RecipeIngredientNode(DjangoObjectType):
         }
 
 
-class Query(object):
+class Query:
     recipe = Node.Field(RecipeNode)
     all_recipes = DjangoFilterConnectionField(RecipeNode)
 

examples/cookbook/dummy_data.json

@@ -1 +1,302 @@
-[{"model": "auth.user", "pk": 1, "fields": {"password": "pbkdf2_sha256$24000$0SgBlSlnbv5c$ijVQipm2aNDlcrTL8Qi3SVNHphTm4HIsDfUi4kn9tog=", "last_login": "2016-11-04T00:46:58Z", "is_superuser": true, "username": "admin", "first_name": "", "last_name": "", "email": "asdf@example.com", "is_staff": true, "is_active": true, "date_joined": "2016-11-03T18:24:40Z", "groups": [], "user_permissions": []}}, {"model": "recipes.recipe", "pk": 1, "fields": {"title": "Cheerios With a Shot of Vermouth", "instructions": "https://xkcd.com/720/"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipe", "pk": 2, "fields": {"title": "Quail Eggs in Whipped Cream and MSG", "instructions": "https://xkcd.com/720/"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipe", "pk": 3, "fields": {"title": "Deep Fried Skittles", "instructions": "https://xkcd.com/720/"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipe", "pk": 4, "fields": {"title": "Newt ala Doritos", "instructions": "https://xkcd.com/720/"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipe", "pk": 5, "fields": {"title": "Fruit Salad", "instructions": "Chop up and add together"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipeingredient", "pk": 1, "fields": {"recipes": 5, "ingredient": 9, "amount": 1.0, "unit": "unit"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipeingredient", "pk": 2, "fields": {"recipes": 5, "ingredient": 10, "amount": 2.0, "unit": "unit"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipeingredient", "pk": 3, "fields": {"recipes": 5, "ingredient": 7, "amount": 3.0, "unit": "unit"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipeingredient", "pk": 4, "fields": {"recipes": 5, "ingredient": 8, "amount": 4.0, "unit": "unit"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipeingredient", "pk": 5, "fields": {"recipes": 4, "ingredient": 5, "amount": 1.0, "unit": "kg"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipeingredient", "pk": 6, "fields": {"recipes": 4, "ingredient": 6, "amount": 2.0, "unit": "l"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipeingredient", "pk": 7, "fields": {"recipes": 3, "ingredient": 4, "amount": 1.0, "unit": "unit"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipeingredient", "pk": 8, "fields": {"recipes": 2, "ingredient": 2, "amount": 1.0, "unit": "kg"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipeingredient", "pk": 9, "fields": {"recipes": 2, "ingredient": 11, "amount": 2.0, "unit": "l"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipeingredient", "pk": 10, "fields": {"recipes": 2, "ingredient": 12, "amount": 3.0, "unit": "st"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipeingredient", "pk": 11, "fields": {"recipes": 1, "ingredient": 1, "amount": 1.0, "unit": "kg"}}, {"model": "recipes.recipeingredient", "pk": 12, "fields": {"recipes": 1, "ingredient": 3, "amount": 1.0, "unit": "st"}}, {"model": "ingredients.category", "pk": 1, "fields": {"name": "fruit"}}, {"model": "ingredients.category", "pk": 3, "fields": {"name": "xkcd"}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 1, "fields": {"name": "Cheerios", "notes": "this is a note", "category": 3}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 2, "fields": {"name": "Quail Eggs", "notes": "has more notes", "category": 3}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 3, "fields": {"name": "Vermouth", "notes": "", "category": 3}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 4, "fields": {"name": "Skittles", "notes": "", "category": 3}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 5, "fields": {"name": "Newt", "notes": "Braised and Confuesd", "category": 3}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 6, "fields": {"name": "Doritos", "notes": "Crushed", "category": 3}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 7, "fields": {"name": "Apple", "notes": "", "category": 1}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 8, "fields": {"name": "Orange", "notes": "", "category": 1}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 9, "fields": {"name": "Banana", "notes": "", "category": 1}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 10, "fields": {"name": "Grapes", "notes": "", "category": 1}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 11, "fields": {"name": "Whipped Cream", "notes": "", "category": 3}}, {"model": "ingredients.ingredient", "pk": 12, "fields": {"name": "MSG", "notes": "", "category": 3}}]
+[
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "date_joined": "2016-11-03T18:24:40Z",
+      "email": "asdf@example.com",
+      "first_name": "",
+      "groups": [],
+      "is_active": true,
+      "is_staff": true,
+      "is_superuser": true,
+      "last_login": "2016-11-04T00:46:58Z",
+      "last_name": "",
+      "password": "pbkdf2_sha256$24000$0SgBlSlnbv5c$ijVQipm2aNDlcrTL8Qi3SVNHphTm4HIsDfUi4kn9tog=",
+      "user_permissions": [],
+      "username": "admin"
+    },
+    "model": "auth.user",
+    "pk": 1
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "instructions": "https://xkcd.com/720/",
+      "title": "Cheerios With a Shot of Vermouth"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipe",
+    "pk": 1
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "instructions": "https://xkcd.com/720/",
+      "title": "Quail Eggs in Whipped Cream and MSG"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipe",
+    "pk": 2
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "instructions": "https://xkcd.com/720/",
+      "title": "Deep Fried Skittles"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipe",
+    "pk": 3
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "instructions": "https://xkcd.com/720/",
+      "title": "Newt ala Doritos"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipe",
+    "pk": 4
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "instructions": "Chop up and add together",
+      "title": "Fruit Salad"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipe",
+    "pk": 5
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "amount": 1.0,
+      "ingredient": 9,
+      "recipes": 5,
+      "unit": "unit"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipeingredient",
+    "pk": 1
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "amount": 2.0,
+      "ingredient": 10,
+      "recipes": 5,
+      "unit": "unit"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipeingredient",
+    "pk": 2
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "amount": 3.0,
+      "ingredient": 7,
+      "recipes": 5,
+      "unit": "unit"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipeingredient",
+    "pk": 3
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "amount": 4.0,
+      "ingredient": 8,
+      "recipes": 5,
+      "unit": "unit"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipeingredient",
+    "pk": 4
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "amount": 1.0,
+      "ingredient": 5,
+      "recipes": 4,
+      "unit": "kg"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipeingredient",
+    "pk": 5
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "amount": 2.0,
+      "ingredient": 6,
+      "recipes": 4,
+      "unit": "l"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipeingredient",
+    "pk": 6
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "amount": 1.0,
+      "ingredient": 4,
+      "recipes": 3,
+      "unit": "unit"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipeingredient",
+    "pk": 7
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "amount": 1.0,
+      "ingredient": 2,
+      "recipes": 2,
+      "unit": "kg"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipeingredient",
+    "pk": 8
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "amount": 2.0,
+      "ingredient": 11,
+      "recipes": 2,
+      "unit": "l"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipeingredient",
+    "pk": 9
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "amount": 3.0,
+      "ingredient": 12,
+      "recipes": 2,
+      "unit": "st"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipeingredient",
+    "pk": 10
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "amount": 1.0,
+      "ingredient": 1,
+      "recipes": 1,
+      "unit": "kg"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipeingredient",
+    "pk": 11
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "amount": 1.0,
+      "ingredient": 3,
+      "recipes": 1,
+      "unit": "st"
+    },
+    "model": "recipes.recipeingredient",
+    "pk": 12
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "name": "fruit"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.category",
+    "pk": 1
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "name": "xkcd"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.category",
+    "pk": 3
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 3,
+      "name": "Cheerios",
+      "notes": "this is a note"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 1
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 3,
+      "name": "Quail Eggs",
+      "notes": "has more notes"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 2
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 3,
+      "name": "Vermouth",
+      "notes": ""
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 3
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 3,
+      "name": "Skittles",
+      "notes": ""
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 4
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 3,
+      "name": "Newt",
+      "notes": "Braised and Confuesd"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 5
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 3,
+      "name": "Doritos",
+      "notes": "Crushed"
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 6
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 1,
+      "name": "Apple",
+      "notes": ""
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 7
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 1,
+      "name": "Orange",
+      "notes": ""
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 8
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 1,
+      "name": "Banana",
+      "notes": ""
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 9
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 1,
+      "name": "Grapes",
+      "notes": ""
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 10
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 3,
+      "name": "Whipped Cream",
+      "notes": ""
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 11
+  },
+  {
+    "fields": {
+      "category": 3,
+      "name": "MSG",
+      "notes": ""
+    },
+    "model": "ingredients.ingredient",
+    "pk": 12
+  }
+]

examples/starwars/models.py

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-
 from django.db import models
 
 

graphene_django/__init__.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from .fields import DjangoConnectionField, DjangoListField
 from .types import DjangoObjectType
 
-__version__ = "3.0.0b7"
+__version__ = "3.0.2"
 
 __all__ = [
     "__version__",

graphene_django/compat.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class MissingType(object):
+class MissingType:
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         pass
 

graphene_django/converter.py

@@ -24,8 +24,15 @@ from graphene import (
     Decimal,
 )
 from graphene.types.json import JSONString
+from graphene.types.scalars import BigInt
 from graphene.utils.str_converters import to_camel_case
-from graphql import GraphQLError, assert_valid_name
+from graphql import GraphQLError
+
+try:
+    from graphql import assert_name
+except ImportError:
+    # Support for older versions of graphql
+    from graphql import assert_valid_name as assert_name
 from graphql.pyutils import register_description
 
 from .compat import ArrayField, HStoreField, JSONField, PGJSONField, RangeField
@@ -55,7 +62,7 @@ class BlankValueField(Field):
 def convert_choice_name(name):
     name = to_const(force_str(name))
     try:
-        assert_valid_name(name)
+        assert_name(name)
     except GraphQLError:
         name = "A_%s" % name
     return name
@@ -67,8 +74,7 @@ def get_choices(choices):
         choices = choices.items()
     for value, help_text in choices:
         if isinstance(help_text, (tuple, list)):
-            for choice in get_choices(help_text):
+            yield from get_choices(help_text)
-                yield choice
         else:
             name = convert_choice_name(value)
             while name in converted_names:
@@ -85,12 +91,17 @@ def convert_choices_to_named_enum_with_descriptions(name, choices):
     named_choices = [(c[0], c[1]) for c in choices]
     named_choices_descriptions = {c[0]: c[2] for c in choices}
 
-    class EnumWithDescriptionsType(object):
+    class EnumWithDescriptionsType:
         @property
         def description(self):
             return str(named_choices_descriptions[self.name])
 
-    return_type = Enum(name, list(named_choices), type=EnumWithDescriptionsType)
+    return_type = Enum(
+        name,
+        list(named_choices),
+        type=EnumWithDescriptionsType,
+        description="An enumeration.",  # Temporary fix until https://github.com/graphql-python/graphene/pull/1502 is merged
+    )
     return return_type
 
 
@@ -102,7 +113,7 @@ def generate_enum_name(django_model_meta, field):
         )
         name = custom_func(field)
     elif graphene_settings.DJANGO_CHOICE_FIELD_ENUM_V2_NAMING is True:
-        name = to_camel_case("{}_{}".format(django_model_meta.object_name, field.name))
+        name = to_camel_case(f"{django_model_meta.object_name}_{field.name}")
     else:
         name = "{app_label}{object_name}{field_name}Choices".format(
             app_label=to_camel_case(django_model_meta.app_label.title()),
@@ -148,7 +159,9 @@ def get_django_field_description(field):
 @singledispatch
 def convert_django_field(field, registry=None):
     raise Exception(
-        "Don't know how to convert the Django field %s (%s)" % (field, field.__class__)
+        "Don't know how to convert the Django field {} ({})".format(
+            field, field.__class__
+        )
     )
 
 
@@ -186,10 +199,14 @@ def convert_field_to_uuid(field, registry=None):
     )
 
 
+@convert_django_field.register(models.BigIntegerField)
+def convert_big_int_field(field, registry=None):
+    return BigInt(description=field.help_text, required=not field.null)
+
+
 @convert_django_field.register(models.PositiveIntegerField)
 @convert_django_field.register(models.PositiveSmallIntegerField)
 @convert_django_field.register(models.SmallIntegerField)
-@convert_django_field.register(models.BigIntegerField)
 @convert_django_field.register(models.IntegerField)
 def convert_field_to_int(field, registry=None):
     return Int(description=get_django_field_description(field), required=not field.null)
@@ -205,7 +222,9 @@ def convert_field_to_boolean(field, registry=None):
 
 @convert_django_field.register(models.DecimalField)
 def convert_field_to_decimal(field, registry=None):
-    return Decimal(description=field.help_text, required=not field.null)
+    return Decimal(
+        description=get_django_field_description(field), required=not field.null
+    )
 
 
 @convert_django_field.register(models.FloatField)

graphene_django/debug/exception/formating.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ def wrap_exception(exception):
         exc_type=force_str(type(exception)),
         stack="".join(
             traceback.format_exception(
-                etype=type(exception), value=exception, tb=exception.__traceback__
+                exception, value=exception, tb=exception.__traceback__
             )
         ),
     )

graphene_django/debug/middleware.py

@@ -7,34 +7,34 @@ from .exception.formating import wrap_exception
 from .types import DjangoDebug
 
 
-class DjangoDebugContext(object):
+class DjangoDebugContext:
     def __init__(self):
-        self.debug_promise = None
+        self.debug_result = None
-        self.promises = []
+        self.results = []
         self.object = DjangoDebug(sql=[], exceptions=[])
         self.enable_instrumentation()
 
-    def get_debug_promise(self):
+    def get_debug_result(self):
-        if not self.debug_promise:
+        if not self.debug_result:
-            self.debug_promise = Promise.all(self.promises)
+            self.debug_result = self.results
-            self.promises = []
+            self.results = []
-        return self.debug_promise.then(self.on_resolve_all_promises).get()
+        return self.on_resolve_all_results()
 
     def on_resolve_error(self, value):
         if hasattr(self, "object"):
             self.object.exceptions.append(wrap_exception(value))
-        return Promise.reject(value)
+        return value
 
-    def on_resolve_all_promises(self, values):
+    def on_resolve_all_results(self):
-        if self.promises:
+        if self.results:
-            self.debug_promise = None
+            self.debug_result = None
-            return self.get_debug_promise()
+            return self.get_debug_result()
         self.disable_instrumentation()
         return self.object
 
-    def add_promise(self, promise):
+    def add_result(self, result):
-        if self.debug_promise:
+        if self.debug_result:
-            self.promises.append(promise)
+            self.results.append(result)
 
     def enable_instrumentation(self):
         # This is thread-safe because database connections are thread-local.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class DjangoDebugContext(object):
             unwrap_cursor(connection)
 
 
-class DjangoDebugMiddleware(object):
+class DjangoDebugMiddleware:
     def resolve(self, next, root, info, **args):
         context = info.context
         django_debug = getattr(context, "django_debug", None)
@@ -62,10 +62,10 @@ class DjangoDebugMiddleware(object):
                     )
                 )
         if info.schema.get_type("DjangoDebug") == info.return_type:
-            return context.django_debug.get_debug_promise()
+            return context.django_debug.get_debug_result()
         try:
-            promise = next(root, info, **args)
+            result = next(root, info, **args)
         except Exception as e:
             return context.django_debug.on_resolve_error(e)
-        context.django_debug.add_promise(promise)
+        context.django_debug.add_result(result)
-        return promise
+        return result

graphene_django/debug/sql/tracking.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 # Code obtained from django-debug-toolbar sql panel tracking
-from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
 
 import json
 from threading import local
@@ -50,7 +49,7 @@ def unwrap_cursor(connection):
         del connection._graphene_cursor
 
 
-class ExceptionCursorWrapper(object):
+class ExceptionCursorWrapper:
     """
     Wraps a cursor and raises an exception on any operation.
     Used in Templates panel.
@@ -63,7 +62,7 @@ class ExceptionCursorWrapper(object):
         raise SQLQueryTriggered()
 
 
-class NormalCursorWrapper(object):
+class NormalCursorWrapper:
     """
     Wraps a cursor and logs queries.
     """
@@ -85,7 +84,7 @@ class NormalCursorWrapper(object):
         if not params:
             return params
         if isinstance(params, dict):
-            return dict((key, self._quote_expr(value)) for key, value in params.items())
+            return {key: self._quote_expr(value) for key, value in params.items()}
         return list(map(self._quote_expr, params))
 
     def _decode(self, param):

graphene_django/debug/tests/test_query.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from ..middleware import DjangoDebugMiddleware
 from ..types import DjangoDebug
 
 
-class context(object):
+class context:
     pass
 
 

graphene_django/fields.py

@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 from functools import partial
 
 from django.db.models.query import QuerySet
-from graphql_relay.connection.arrayconnection import (
+
+from graphql_relay import (
     connection_from_array_slice,
     cursor_to_offset,
     get_offset_with_default,
     offset_to_cursor,
 )
+
 from promise import Promise
 
 from graphene import Int, NonNull
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@ class DjangoListField(Field):
             _type = _type.of_type
 
         # Django would never return a Set of None  vvvvvvv
-        super(DjangoListField, self).__init__(List(NonNull(_type)), *args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(List(NonNull(_type)), *args, **kwargs)
 
         assert issubclass(
             self._underlying_type, DjangoObjectType
@@ -61,13 +63,16 @@ class DjangoListField(Field):
         return queryset
 
     def wrap_resolve(self, parent_resolver):
-        resolver = super(DjangoListField, self).wrap_resolve(parent_resolver)
+        resolver = super().wrap_resolve(parent_resolver)
         _type = self.type
         if isinstance(_type, NonNull):
             _type = _type.of_type
         django_object_type = _type.of_type.of_type
         return partial(
-            self.list_resolver, django_object_type, resolver, self.get_manager(),
+            self.list_resolver,
+            django_object_type,
+            resolver,
+            self.get_manager(),
         )
 
 
@@ -82,7 +87,7 @@ class DjangoConnectionField(ConnectionField):
             graphene_settings.RELAY_CONNECTION_ENFORCE_FIRST_OR_LAST,
         )
         kwargs.setdefault("offset", Int())
-        super(DjangoConnectionField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
     @property
     def type(self):
@@ -144,36 +149,40 @@ class DjangoConnectionField(ConnectionField):
         iterable = maybe_queryset(iterable)
 
         if isinstance(iterable, QuerySet):
-            list_length = iterable.count()
+            array_length = iterable.count()
         else:
-            list_length = len(iterable)
+            array_length = len(iterable)
-        list_slice_length = (
-            min(max_limit, list_length) if max_limit is not None else list_length
-        )
 
-        # If after is higher than list_length, connection_from_list_slice
+        # If after is higher than array_length, connection_from_array_slice
         # would try to do a negative slicing which makes django throw an
         # AssertionError
-        after = min(get_offset_with_default(args.get("after"), -1) + 1, list_length)
+        slice_start = min(
+            get_offset_with_default(args.get("after"), -1) + 1,
+            array_length,
+        )
+        array_slice_length = array_length - slice_start
 
-        if max_limit is not None and args.get("first", None) is None:
+        # Impose the maximum limit via the `first` field if neither first or last are already provided
-            if args.get("last", None) is not None:
+        # (note that if any of them is provided they must be under max_limit otherwise an error is raised).
-                after = list_length - args["last"]
+        if (
-            else:
+            max_limit is not None
+            and args.get("first", None) is None
+            and args.get("last", None) is None
+        ):
             args["first"] = max_limit
 
         connection = connection_from_array_slice(
-            iterable[after:],
+            iterable[slice_start:],
             args,
-            slice_start=after,
+            slice_start=slice_start,
-            array_length=list_length,
+            array_length=array_length,
-            array_slice_length=list_slice_length,
+            array_slice_length=array_slice_length,
             connection_type=partial(connection_adapter, connection),
             edge_type=connection.Edge,
             page_info_type=page_info_adapter,
         )
         connection.iterable = iterable
-        connection.length = list_length
+        connection.length = array_length
         return connection
 
     @classmethod

graphene_django/filter/fields.py

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ def convert_enum(data):
 class DjangoFilterConnectionField(DjangoConnectionField):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        type,
+        type_,
         fields=None,
         order_by=None,
         extra_filter_meta=None,
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class DjangoFilterConnectionField(DjangoConnectionField):
         self._filtering_args = None
         self._extra_filter_meta = extra_filter_meta
         self._base_args = None
-        super(DjangoFilterConnectionField, self).__init__(type, *args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(type_, *args, **kwargs)
 
     @property
     def args(self):
@@ -90,9 +90,7 @@ class DjangoFilterConnectionField(DjangoConnectionField):
                     kwargs[k] = convert_enum(v)
             return kwargs
 
-        qs = super(DjangoFilterConnectionField, cls).resolve_queryset(
+        qs = super().resolve_queryset(connection, iterable, info, args)
-            connection, iterable, info, args
-        )
 
         filterset = filterset_class(
             data=filter_kwargs(), queryset=qs, request=info.context

graphene_django/filter/filters/array_filter.py

@@ -22,6 +22,6 @@ class ArrayFilter(TypedFilter):
             return qs
         if self.distinct:
             qs = qs.distinct()
-        lookup = "%s__%s" % (self.field_name, self.lookup_expr)
+        lookup = f"{self.field_name}__{self.lookup_expr}"
         qs = self.get_method(qs)(**{lookup: value})
         return qs

graphene_django/filter/filters/global_id_filter.py

@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ class GlobalIDFilter(Filter):
     field_class = GlobalIDFormField
 
     def filter(self, qs, value):
-        """ Convert the filter value to a primary key before filtering """
+        """Convert the filter value to a primary key before filtering"""
         _id = None
         if value is not None:
             _, _id = from_global_id(value)
-        return super(GlobalIDFilter, self).filter(qs, _id)
+        return super().filter(qs, _id)
 
 
 class GlobalIDMultipleChoiceFilter(MultipleChoiceFilter):
@@ -25,4 +25,4 @@ class GlobalIDMultipleChoiceFilter(MultipleChoiceFilter):
 
     def filter(self, qs, value):
         gids = [from_global_id(v)[1] for v in value]
-        return super(GlobalIDMultipleChoiceFilter, self).filter(qs, gids)
+        return super().filter(qs, gids)

graphene_django/filter/filters/list_filter.py

@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@ class ListFilter(TypedFilter):
             else:
                 return qs.none()
         else:
-            return super(ListFilter, self).filter(qs, value)
+            return super().filter(qs, value)

graphene_django/filter/filters/typed_filter.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ class TypedFilter(Filter):
 
     def __init__(self, input_type=None, *args, **kwargs):
         self._input_type = input_type
-        super(TypedFilter, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
     @property
     def input_type(self):

graphene_django/filter/filterset.py

@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ GRAPHENE_FILTER_SET_OVERRIDES = {
 
 
 class GrapheneFilterSetMixin(BaseFilterSet):
-    """ A django_filters.filterset.BaseFilterSet with default filter overrides
+    """A django_filters.filterset.BaseFilterSet with default filter overrides
-    to handle global IDs """
+    to handle global IDs"""
 
     FILTER_DEFAULTS = dict(
         itertools.chain(
@@ -29,20 +29,18 @@ class GrapheneFilterSetMixin(BaseFilterSet):
 
 
 def setup_filterset(filterset_class):
-    """ Wrap a provided filterset in Graphene-specific functionality
+    """Wrap a provided filterset in Graphene-specific functionality"""
-    """
     return type(
-        "Graphene{}".format(filterset_class.__name__),
+        f"Graphene{filterset_class.__name__}",
         (filterset_class, GrapheneFilterSetMixin),
         {},
     )
 
 
 def custom_filterset_factory(model, filterset_base_class=FilterSet, **meta):
-    """ Create a filterset for the given model using the provided meta data
+    """Create a filterset for the given model using the provided meta data"""
-    """
     meta.update({"model": model})
-    meta_class = type(str("Meta"), (object,), meta)
+    meta_class = type("Meta", (object,), meta)
     filterset = type(
         str("%sFilterSet" % model._meta.object_name),
         (filterset_base_class, GrapheneFilterSetMixin),

graphene_django/filter/tests/conftest.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from mock import MagicMock
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
 import pytest
 
 from django.db import models
@@ -87,12 +87,11 @@ def Query(EventType):
         events = DjangoFilterConnectionField(EventType)
 
         def resolve_events(self, info, **kwargs):
-
             events = [
-                Event(name="Live Show", tags=["concert", "music", "rock"],),
+                Event(name="Live Show", tags=["concert", "music", "rock"]),
-                Event(name="Musical", tags=["movie", "music"],),
+                Event(name="Musical", tags=["movie", "music"]),
-                Event(name="Ballet", tags=["concert", "dance"],),
+                Event(name="Ballet", tags=["concert", "dance"]),
-                Event(name="Speech", tags=[],),
+                Event(name="Speech", tags=[]),
             ]
 
             STORE["events"] = events

graphene_django/filter/tests/test_array_field_exact_filter.py

@@ -120,10 +120,7 @@ def test_array_field_filter_schema_type(Query):
         "randomField": "[Boolean!]",
     }
     filters_str = ", ".join(
-        [
+        [f"{filter_field}: {gql_type}" for filter_field, gql_type in filters.items()]
-            f"{filter_field}: {gql_type} = null"
-            for filter_field, gql_type in filters.items()
-        ]
     )
     assert (
         f"type Query {{\n  events({filters_str}): EventTypeConnection\n}}" in schema_str

graphene_django/filter/tests/test_enum_filtering.py

@@ -54,13 +54,13 @@ def reporter_article_data():
         first_name="Jane", last_name="Doe", email="janedoe@example.com", a_choice=2
     )
     Article.objects.create(
-        headline="Article Node 1", reporter=john, editor=john, lang="es",
+        headline="Article Node 1", reporter=john, editor=john, lang="es"
     )
     Article.objects.create(
-        headline="Article Node 2", reporter=john, editor=john, lang="en",
+        headline="Article Node 2", reporter=john, editor=john, lang="en"
     )
     Article.objects.create(
-        headline="Article Node 3", reporter=jane, editor=jane, lang="en",
+        headline="Article Node 3", reporter=jane, editor=jane, lang="en"
     )
 
 
@@ -80,7 +80,13 @@ def test_filter_enum_on_connection(schema, reporter_article_data):
         }
     """
 
-    expected = {"allArticles": {"edges": [{"node": {"headline": "Article Node 1"}},]}}
+    expected = {
+        "allArticles": {
+            "edges": [
+                {"node": {"headline": "Article Node 1"}},
+            ]
+        }
+    }
 
     result = schema.execute(query)
     assert not result.errors
@@ -152,9 +158,6 @@ def test_filter_enum_field_schema_type(schema):
         "reporter_AChoice_In": "[TestsReporterAChoiceChoices]",
     }
     filters_str = ", ".join(
-        [
+        [f"{filter_field}: {gql_type}" for filter_field, gql_type in filters.items()]
-            f"{filter_field}: {gql_type} = null"
-            for filter_field, gql_type in filters.items()
-        ]
     )
     assert f"  allArticles({filters_str}): ArticleTypeConnection\n" in schema_str

graphene_django/filter/tests/test_fields.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import pytest
 from django.db.models import TextField, Value
 from django.db.models.functions import Concat
 
-from graphene import Argument, Boolean, Field, Float, ObjectType, Schema, String
+from graphene import Argument, Boolean, Decimal, Field, ObjectType, Schema, String
 from graphene.relay import Node
 from graphene_django import DjangoObjectType
 from graphene_django.forms import GlobalIDFormField, GlobalIDMultipleChoiceField
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ def assert_arguments(field, *arguments):
     actual = [name for name in args if name not in ignore and not name.startswith("_")]
     assert set(arguments) == set(
         actual
-    ), "Expected arguments ({}) did not match actual ({})".format(arguments, actual)
+    ), f"Expected arguments ({arguments}) did not match actual ({actual})"
 
 
 def assert_orderable(field):
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ def test_filter_shortcut_filterset_context():
 
         @property
         def qs(self):
-            qs = super(ArticleContextFilter, self).qs
+            qs = super().qs
             return qs.filter(reporter=self.request.reporter)
 
     class Query(ObjectType):
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ def test_filter_shortcut_filterset_context():
         editor=r2,
     )
 
-    class context(object):
+    class context:
         reporter = r2
 
     query = """
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ def test_filterset_descriptions():
     field = DjangoFilterConnectionField(ArticleNode, filterset_class=ArticleIdFilter)
     max_time = field.args["max_time"]
     assert isinstance(max_time, Argument)
-    assert max_time.type == Float
+    assert max_time.type == Decimal
     assert max_time.description == "The maximum time"
 
 
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ def test_integer_field_filter_type():
     assert str(schema) == dedent(
         """\
         type Query {
-          pets(offset: Int = null, before: String = null, after: String = null, first: Int = null, last: Int = null, age: Int = null): PetTypeConnection
+          pets(offset: Int, before: String, after: String, first: Int, last: Int, age: Int): PetTypeConnection
         }
 
         type PetTypeConnection {
@@ -1056,8 +1056,7 @@ def test_integer_field_filter_type():
         interface Node {
           \"""The ID of the object\"""
           id: ID!
-        }
+        }"""
-    """
     )
 
 
@@ -1077,7 +1076,7 @@ def test_other_filter_types():
     assert str(schema) == dedent(
         """\
         type Query {
-          pets(offset: Int = null, before: String = null, after: String = null, first: Int = null, last: Int = null, age: Int = null, age_Isnull: Boolean = null, age_Lt: Int = null): PetTypeConnection
+          pets(offset: Int, before: String, after: String, first: Int, last: Int, age: Int, age_Isnull: Boolean, age_Lt: Int): PetTypeConnection
         }
 
         type PetTypeConnection {
@@ -1125,8 +1124,7 @@ def test_other_filter_types():
         interface Node {
           \"""The ID of the object\"""
           id: ID!
-        }
+        }"""
-        """
     )
 
 
@@ -1226,7 +1224,7 @@ def test_filter_filterset_based_on_mixin():
         }
     }
 
-    result = schema.execute(query, variable_values={"email": reporter_1.email},)
+    result = schema.execute(query, variable_values={"email": reporter_1.email})
 
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == expected
@@ -1267,13 +1265,23 @@ def test_filter_string_contains():
     result = schema.execute(query, variables={"filter": "Ja"})
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == {
-        "people": {"edges": [{"node": {"name": "Jack"}}, {"node": {"name": "Jane"}},]}
+        "people": {
+            "edges": [
+                {"node": {"name": "Jack"}},
+                {"node": {"name": "Jane"}},
+            ]
+        }
     }
 
     result = schema.execute(query, variables={"filter": "o"})
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == {
-        "people": {"edges": [{"node": {"name": "Joe"}}, {"node": {"name": "Bob"}},]}
+        "people": {
+            "edges": [
+                {"node": {"name": "Joe"}},
+                {"node": {"name": "Bob"}},
+            ]
+        }
     }
 
 

graphene_django/filter/tests/test_in_filter.py

@@ -349,19 +349,19 @@ def test_fk_id_in_filter(query):
     schema = Schema(query=query)
 
     query = """
-    query {
+    query {{
-        articles (reporter_In: [%s, %s]) {
+        articles (reporter_In: [{}, {}]) {{
-            edges {
+            edges {{
-                node {
+                node {{
                     headline
-                    reporter {
+                    reporter {{
                         lastName
-                    }
+                    }}
-                }
+                }}
-            }
+            }}
-        }
+        }}
-    }
+    }}
-    """ % (
+    """.format(
         john_doe.id,
         jean_bon.id,
     )

graphene_django/filter/tests/test_typed_filter.py

@@ -98,20 +98,14 @@ def test_typed_filter_schema(schema):
     )
 
     for filter_field, gql_type in filters.items():
-        assert "{}: {} = null".format(filter_field, gql_type) in all_articles_filters
+        assert f"{filter_field}: {gql_type}" in all_articles_filters
 
 
 def test_typed_filters_work(schema):
     reporter = Reporter.objects.create(first_name="John", last_name="Doe", email="")
-    Article.objects.create(
+    Article.objects.create(headline="A", reporter=reporter, editor=reporter, lang="es")
-        headline="A", reporter=reporter, editor=reporter, lang="es",
+    Article.objects.create(headline="B", reporter=reporter, editor=reporter, lang="es")
-    )
+    Article.objects.create(headline="C", reporter=reporter, editor=reporter, lang="en")
-    Article.objects.create(
-        headline="B", reporter=reporter, editor=reporter, lang="es",
-    )
-    Article.objects.create(
-        headline="C", reporter=reporter, editor=reporter, lang="en",
-    )
 
     query = "query { articles (lang_In: [ES]) { edges { node { headline } } } }"
 

graphene_django/filter/utils.py

@@ -97,7 +97,9 @@ def get_filtering_args_from_filterset(filterset_class, type):
                 field_type = graphene.List(field_type)
 
         args[name] = graphene.Argument(
-            field_type, description=filter_field.label, required=required,
+            field_type,
+            description=filter_field.label,
+            required=required,
         )
 
     return args

graphene_django/forms/converter.py

@@ -3,7 +3,19 @@ from functools import singledispatch
 from django import forms
 from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
 
-from graphene import ID, Boolean, Float, Int, List, String, UUID, Date, DateTime, Time
+from graphene import (
+    ID,
+    Boolean,
+    Decimal,
+    Float,
+    Int,
+    List,
+    String,
+    UUID,
+    Date,
+    DateTime,
+    Time,
+)
 
 from .forms import GlobalIDFormField, GlobalIDMultipleChoiceField
 
@@ -57,12 +69,18 @@ def convert_form_field_to_nullboolean(field):
     return Boolean(description=get_form_field_description(field))
 
 
-@convert_form_field.register(forms.DecimalField)
 @convert_form_field.register(forms.FloatField)
 def convert_form_field_to_float(field):
     return Float(description=get_form_field_description(field), required=field.required)
 
 
+@convert_form_field.register(forms.DecimalField)
+def convert_form_field_to_decimal(field):
+    return Decimal(
+        description=get_form_field_description(field), required=field.required
+    )
+
+
 @convert_form_field.register(forms.MultipleChoiceField)
 def convert_form_field_to_string_list(field):
     return List(

graphene_django/forms/mutation.py

@@ -82,7 +82,6 @@ class DjangoFormMutation(BaseDjangoFormMutation):
     def __init_subclass_with_meta__(
         cls, form_class=None, only_fields=(), exclude_fields=(), **options
     ):
-
         if not form_class:
             raise Exception("form_class is required for DjangoFormMutation")
 
@@ -95,7 +94,7 @@ class DjangoFormMutation(BaseDjangoFormMutation):
         _meta.fields = yank_fields_from_attrs(output_fields, _as=Field)
 
         input_fields = yank_fields_from_attrs(input_fields, _as=InputField)
-        super(DjangoFormMutation, cls).__init_subclass_with_meta__(
+        super().__init_subclass_with_meta__(
             _meta=_meta, input_fields=input_fields, **options
         )
 
@@ -117,7 +116,7 @@ class DjangoModelFormMutation(BaseDjangoFormMutation):
     class Meta:
         abstract = True
 
-    errors = graphene.List(ErrorType)
+    errors = graphene.List(graphene.NonNull(ErrorType), required=True)
 
     @classmethod
     def __init_subclass_with_meta__(
@@ -127,9 +126,8 @@ class DjangoModelFormMutation(BaseDjangoFormMutation):
         return_field_name=None,
         only_fields=(),
         exclude_fields=(),
-        **options
+        **options,
     ):
-
         if not form_class:
             raise Exception("form_class is required for DjangoModelFormMutation")
 
@@ -147,7 +145,7 @@ class DjangoModelFormMutation(BaseDjangoFormMutation):
         registry = get_global_registry()
         model_type = registry.get_type_for_model(model)
         if not model_type:
-            raise Exception("No type registered for model: {}".format(model.__name__))
+            raise Exception(f"No type registered for model: {model.__name__}")
 
         if not return_field_name:
             model_name = model.__name__
@@ -163,7 +161,7 @@ class DjangoModelFormMutation(BaseDjangoFormMutation):
         _meta.fields = yank_fields_from_attrs(output_fields, _as=Field)
 
         input_fields = yank_fields_from_attrs(input_fields, _as=InputField)
-        super(DjangoModelFormMutation, cls).__init_subclass_with_meta__(
+        super().__init_subclass_with_meta__(
             _meta=_meta, input_fields=input_fields, **options
         )
 

graphene_django/forms/tests/test_converter.py

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 from django import forms
-from py.test import raises
+from pytest import raises
 
 import graphene
 from graphene import (
     String,
     Int,
     Boolean,
+    Decimal,
     Float,
     ID,
     UUID,
@@ -97,8 +98,8 @@ def test_should_float_convert_float():
     assert_conversion(forms.FloatField, Float)
 
 
-def test_should_decimal_convert_float():
+def test_should_decimal_convert_decimal():
-    assert_conversion(forms.DecimalField, Float)
+    assert_conversion(forms.DecimalField, Decimal)
 
 
 def test_should_multiple_choice_convert_list():

graphene_django/forms/tests/test_mutation.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import pytest
 from django import forms
 from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
-from py.test import raises
+from pytest import raises
 
 from graphene import Field, ObjectType, Schema, String
 from graphene_django import DjangoObjectType

graphene_django/management/commands/graphql_schema.py

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class CommandArguments(BaseCommand):
 class Command(CommandArguments):
     help = "Dump Graphene schema as a JSON or GraphQL file"
     can_import_settings = True
-    requires_system_checks = False
+    requires_system_checks = []
 
     def save_json_file(self, out, schema_dict, indent):
         with open(out, "w") as outfile:
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class Command(CommandArguments):
         if out == "-" or out == "-.json":
             self.stdout.write(json.dumps(schema_dict, indent=indent, sort_keys=True))
         elif out == "-.graphql":
-            self.stdout.write(print_schema(schema))
+            self.stdout.write(print_schema(schema.graphql_schema))
         else:
             # Determine format
             _, file_extension = os.path.splitext(out)
@@ -73,16 +73,12 @@ class Command(CommandArguments):
             elif file_extension == ".json":
                 self.save_json_file(out, schema_dict, indent)
             else:
-                raise CommandError(
+                raise CommandError(f'Unrecognised file format "{file_extension}"')
-                    'Unrecognised file format "{}"'.format(file_extension)
-                )
 
             style = getattr(self, "style", None)
             success = getattr(style, "SUCCESS", lambda x: x)
 
-            self.stdout.write(
+            self.stdout.write(success(f"Successfully dumped GraphQL schema to {out}"))
-                success("Successfully dumped GraphQL schema to {}".format(out))
-            )
 
     def handle(self, *args, **options):
         options_schema = options.get("schema")

graphene_django/registry.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class Registry(object):
+class Registry:
     def __init__(self):
         self._registry = {}
         self._field_registry = {}

graphene_django/rest_framework/mutation.py

@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ class SerializerMutation(ClientIDMutation):
         _meta=None,
         **options
     ):
-
         if not serializer_class:
             raise Exception("serializer_class is required for the SerializerMutation")
 
@@ -114,7 +113,7 @@ class SerializerMutation(ClientIDMutation):
         _meta.fields = yank_fields_from_attrs(output_fields, _as=Field)
 
         input_fields = yank_fields_from_attrs(input_fields, _as=InputField)
-        super(SerializerMutation, cls).__init_subclass_with_meta__(
+        super().__init_subclass_with_meta__(
             _meta=_meta, input_fields=input_fields, **options
         )
 

graphene_django/rest_framework/serializer_converter.py

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def convert_serializer_to_input_type(serializer_class):
         for name, field in serializer.fields.items()
     }
     ret_type = type(
-        "{}Input".format(serializer.__class__.__name__),
+        f"{serializer.__class__.__name__}Input",
         (graphene.InputObjectType,),
         items,
     )
@@ -110,11 +110,15 @@ def convert_serializer_field_to_bool(field):
 
 
 @get_graphene_type_from_serializer_field.register(serializers.FloatField)
-@get_graphene_type_from_serializer_field.register(serializers.DecimalField)
 def convert_serializer_field_to_float(field):
     return graphene.Float
 
 
+@get_graphene_type_from_serializer_field.register(serializers.DecimalField)
+def convert_serializer_field_to_decimal(field):
+    return graphene.Decimal
+
+
 @get_graphene_type_from_serializer_field.register(serializers.DateTimeField)
 def convert_serializer_field_to_datetime_time(field):
     return graphene.types.datetime.DateTime

graphene_django/rest_framework/tests/test_field_converter.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import copy
 import graphene
 from django.db import models
 from graphene import InputObjectType
-from py.test import raises
+from pytest import raises
 from rest_framework import serializers
 
 from ..serializer_converter import convert_serializer_field
@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ def test_should_float_convert_float():
     assert_conversion(serializers.FloatField, graphene.Float)
 
 
-def test_should_decimal_convert_float():
+def test_should_decimal_convert_decimal():
     assert_conversion(
-        serializers.DecimalField, graphene.Float, max_digits=4, decimal_places=2
+        serializers.DecimalField, graphene.Decimal, max_digits=4, decimal_places=2
     )
 
 

graphene_django/rest_framework/tests/test_mutation.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import datetime
 
-from py.test import raises
+from pytest import raises
 from rest_framework import serializers
 
 from graphene import Field, ResolveInfo

graphene_django/settings.py

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ This module provides the `graphene_settings` object, that is used to access
 Graphene settings, checking for user settings first, then falling
 back to the defaults.
 """
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.test.signals import setting_changed
@@ -41,7 +40,9 @@ DEFAULTS = {
     # This sets headerEditorEnabled GraphiQL option, for details go to
     # https://github.com/graphql/graphiql/tree/main/packages/graphiql#options
     "GRAPHIQL_HEADER_EDITOR_ENABLED": True,
+    "GRAPHIQL_SHOULD_PERSIST_HEADERS": False,
     "ATOMIC_MUTATIONS": False,
+    "TESTING_ENDPOINT": "/graphql",
 }
 
 if settings.DEBUG:
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ def import_from_string(val, setting_name):
         module = importlib.import_module(module_path)
         return getattr(module, class_name)
     except (ImportError, AttributeError) as e:
-        msg = "Could not import '%s' for Graphene setting '%s'. %s: %s." % (
+        msg = "Could not import '{}' for Graphene setting '{}'. {}: {}.".format(
             val,
             setting_name,
             e.__class__.__name__,
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ def import_from_string(val, setting_name):
         raise ImportError(msg)
 
 
-class GrapheneSettings(object):
+class GrapheneSettings:
     """
     A settings object, that allows API settings to be accessed as properties.
     For example:

graphene_django/static/graphene_django/graphiql.js

@@ -5,19 +5,12 @@
   GraphiQL,
   React,
   ReactDOM,
-  SubscriptionsTransportWs,
+  graphqlWs,
+  GraphiQLPluginExplorer,
   fetch,
   history,
   location,
 ) {
-  // Parse the cookie value for a CSRF token
-  var csrftoken;
-  var cookies = ("; " + document.cookie).split("; csrftoken=");
-  if (cookies.length == 2) {
-    csrftoken = cookies.pop().split(";").shift();
-  } else {
-    csrftoken = document.querySelector("[name=csrfmiddlewaretoken]").value;
-  }
 
   // Collect the URL parameters
   var parameters = {};
@@ -60,98 +53,34 @@
 
   var fetchURL = locationQuery(otherParams);
 
-  // Defines a GraphQL fetcher using the fetch API.
-  function httpClient(graphQLParams, opts) {
-    if (typeof opts === 'undefined') {
-      opts = {};
-    }
-    var headers = opts.headers || {};
-    headers['Accept'] = headers['Accept'] || 'application/json';
-    headers['Content-Type'] = headers['Content-Type'] || 'application/json';
-    if (csrftoken) {
-      headers['X-CSRFToken'] = csrftoken
-    }
-    return fetch(fetchURL, {
-      method: "post",
-      headers: headers,
-      body: JSON.stringify(graphQLParams),
-      credentials: "include",
-    })
-      .then(function (response) {
-        return response.text();
-      })
-      .then(function (responseBody) {
-        try {
-          return JSON.parse(responseBody);
-        } catch (error) {
-          return responseBody;
-        }
-      });
-  }
-
   // Derive the subscription URL. If the SUBSCRIPTION_URL setting is specified, uses that value. Otherwise
   // assumes the current window location with an appropriate websocket protocol.
   var subscribeURL =
     location.origin.replace(/^http/, "ws") +
     (GRAPHENE_SETTINGS.subscriptionPath || location.pathname);
 
-  // Create a subscription client.
+  function trueLambda() { return true; };
-  var subscriptionClient = new SubscriptionsTransportWs.SubscriptionClient(
-    subscribeURL,
-    {
-      // Reconnect after any interruptions.
-      reconnect: true,
-      // Delay socket initialization until the first subscription is started.
-      lazy: true,
-    },
-  );
 
-  // Keep a reference to the currently-active subscription, if available.
+  var headers = {};
-  var activeSubscription = null;
+  var cookies = ("; " + document.cookie).split("; csrftoken=");
-
+  if (cookies.length == 2) {
-  // Define a GraphQL fetcher that can intelligently route queries based on the operation type.
+    csrftoken = cookies.pop().split(";").shift();
-  function graphQLFetcher(graphQLParams, opts) {
-    var operationType = getOperationType(graphQLParams);
-
-    // If we're about to execute a new operation, and we have an active subscription,
-    // unsubscribe before continuing.
-    if (activeSubscription) {
-      activeSubscription.unsubscribe();
-      activeSubscription = null;
-    }
-
-    if (operationType === "subscription") {
-      return {
-        subscribe: function (observer) {
-          activeSubscription = subscriptionClient;
-          return subscriptionClient.request(graphQLParams, opts).subscribe(observer);
-        },
-      };
   } else {
-      return httpClient(graphQLParams, opts);
+    csrftoken = document.querySelector("[name=csrfmiddlewaretoken]").value;
   }
+  if (csrftoken) {
+    headers['X-CSRFToken'] = csrftoken
   }
 
-  // Determine the type of operation being executed for a given set of GraphQL parameters.
+  var graphQLFetcher = GraphiQL.createFetcher({
-  function getOperationType(graphQLParams) {
+    url: fetchURL,
-    // Run a regex against the query to determine the operation type (query, mutation, subscription).
+    wsClient: graphqlWs.createClient({
-    var operationRegex = new RegExp(
+      url: subscribeURL,
-      // Look for lines that start with an operation keyword, ignoring whitespace.
+      shouldRetry: trueLambda,
-      "^\\s*(query|mutation|subscription)\\s*" +
+      lazy: true,
-        // The operation keyword should be followed by whitespace and the operationName in the GraphQL parameters (if available).
+    }),
-        (graphQLParams.operationName ? ("\\s+" + graphQLParams.operationName) : "") +
+    headers: headers
-        // The line should eventually encounter an opening curly brace.
+  })
-        "[^\\{]*\\{",
-      // Enable multiline matching.
-      "m",
-    );
-    var match = operationRegex.exec(graphQLParams.query);
-    if (!match) {
-      return "query";
-    }
-
-    return match[1];
-  }
 
   // When the query and variables string is edited, update the URL bar so
   // that it can be easily shared.
@@ -170,13 +99,30 @@
   function updateURL() {
     history.replaceState(null, null, locationQuery(parameters));
   }
+
+  function GraphiQLWithExplorer() {
+    var [query, setQuery] = React.useState(parameters.query);
+
+    function handleQuery(query) {
+      setQuery(query);
+      onEditQuery(query);
+    }
+
+    var explorerPlugin = GraphiQLPluginExplorer.useExplorerPlugin({
+      query: query,
+      onEdit: handleQuery,
+    });
+
     var options = {
       fetcher: graphQLFetcher,
-    onEditQuery: onEditQuery,
+      plugins: [explorerPlugin],
+      defaultEditorToolsVisibility: true,
+      onEditQuery: handleQuery,
       onEditVariables: onEditVariables,
       onEditOperationName: onEditOperationName,
-    headerEditorEnabled: GRAPHENE_SETTINGS.graphiqlHeaderEditorEnabled,
+      isHeadersEditorEnabled: GRAPHENE_SETTINGS.graphiqlHeaderEditorEnabled,
-    query: parameters.query,
+      shouldPersistHeaders: GRAPHENE_SETTINGS.graphiqlShouldPersistHeaders,
+      query: query,
     };
     if (parameters.variables) {
       options.variables = parameters.variables;
@@ -184,9 +130,13 @@
     if (parameters.operation_name) {
       options.operationName = parameters.operation_name;
     }
+
+    return React.createElement(GraphiQL, options);
+  }
+
   // Render <GraphiQL /> into the body.
   ReactDOM.render(
-    React.createElement(GraphiQL, options),
+    React.createElement(GraphiQLWithExplorer),
     document.getElementById("editor"),
   );
 })(
@@ -196,7 +146,8 @@
   window.GraphiQL,
   window.React,
   window.ReactDOM,
-  window.SubscriptionsTransportWs,
+  window.graphqlWs,
+  window.GraphiQLPluginExplorer,
   window.fetch,
   window.history,
   window.location,

graphene_django/templates/graphene/graphiql.html

@@ -33,9 +33,12 @@ add "&raw" to the end of the URL within a browser.
   <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/graphiql@{{graphiql_version}}/graphiql.min.js"
           integrity="{{graphiql_sri}}"
           crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
-  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/subscriptions-transport-ws@{{subscriptions_transport_ws_version}}/browser/client.js"
+  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/graphql-ws@{{subscriptions_transport_ws_version}}/umd/graphql-ws.min.js"
           integrity="{{subscriptions_transport_ws_sri}}"
           crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
+  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@graphiql/plugin-explorer@{{graphiql_plugin_explorer_version}}/dist/graphiql-plugin-explorer.umd.js"
+          integrity="{{graphiql_plugin_explorer_sri}}"
+          crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
 </head>
 <body>
   <div id="editor"></div>
@@ -46,6 +49,7 @@ add "&raw" to the end of the URL within a browser.
       subscriptionPath: "{{subscription_path}}",
     {% endif %}
       graphiqlHeaderEditorEnabled: {{ graphiql_header_editor_enabled|yesno:"true,false" }},
+      graphiqlShouldPersistHeaders: {{ graphiql_should_persist_headers|yesno:"true,false" }},
     };
   </script>
   <script src="{% static 'graphene_django/graphiql.js' %}"></script>

graphene_django/tests/issues/test_520.py

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ import graphene
 
 from graphene import Field, ResolveInfo
 from graphene.types.inputobjecttype import InputObjectType
-from py.test import raises
+from pytest import raises
-from py.test import mark
+from pytest import mark
 from rest_framework import serializers
 
 from ...types import DjangoObjectType

graphene_django/tests/models.py

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-
 from django.db import models
 from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
 
@@ -13,6 +11,9 @@ class Person(models.Model):
 class Pet(models.Model):
     name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
     age = models.PositiveIntegerField()
+    owner = models.ForeignKey(
+        "Person", on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True, related_name="pets"
+    )
 
 
 class FilmDetails(models.Model):
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ class Film(models.Model):
 
 class DoeReporterManager(models.Manager):
     def get_queryset(self):
-        return super(DoeReporterManager, self).get_queryset().filter(last_name="Doe")
+        return super().get_queryset().filter(last_name="Doe")
 
 
 class Reporter(models.Model):
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ class Reporter(models.Model):
     )
 
     def __str__(self):  # __unicode__ on Python 2
-        return "%s %s" % (self.first_name, self.last_name)
+        return f"{self.first_name} {self.last_name}"
 
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         """
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ class Reporter(models.Model):
         when a CNNReporter is pulled from the database, it is still
         of type Reporter. This was added to test proxy model support.
         """
-        super(Reporter, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
         if self.reporter_type == 2:  # quick and dirty way without enums
             self.__class__ = CNNReporter
 
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ class Reporter(models.Model):
 
 class CNNReporterManager(models.Manager):
     def get_queryset(self):
-        return super(CNNReporterManager, self).get_queryset().filter(reporter_type=2)
+        return super().get_queryset().filter(reporter_type=2)
 
 
 class CNNReporter(Reporter):

graphene_django/tests/schema_view.py

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ from .mutations import PetFormMutation, PetMutation
 
 
 class QueryRoot(ObjectType):
-
     thrower = graphene.String(required=True)
     request = graphene.String(required=True)
     test = graphene.String(who=graphene.String())

graphene_django/tests/test_command.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from textwrap import dedent
 
 from django.core import management
 from io import StringIO
-from mock import mock_open, patch
+from unittest.mock import mock_open, patch
 
 from graphene import ObjectType, Schema, String
 
@@ -53,6 +53,5 @@ def test_generate_graphql_file_on_call_graphql_schema():
         """\
         type Query {
           hi: String
-        }
+        }"""
-    """
     )

graphene_django/tests/test_converter.py

@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@ from collections import namedtuple
 import pytest
 from django.db import models
 from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
-from py.test import raises
+from pytest import raises
 
 import graphene
 from graphene import NonNull
 from graphene.relay import ConnectionField, Node
 from graphene.types.datetime import Date, DateTime, Time
 from graphene.types.json import JSONString
+from graphene.types.scalars import BigInt
 
 from ..compat import (
     ArrayField,
@@ -140,8 +141,8 @@ def test_should_small_integer_convert_int():
     assert_conversion(models.SmallIntegerField, graphene.Int)
 
 
-def test_should_big_integer_convert_int():
+def test_should_big_integer_convert_big_int():
-    assert_conversion(models.BigIntegerField, graphene.Int)
+    assert_conversion(models.BigIntegerField, BigInt)
 
 
 def test_should_integer_convert_int():

graphene_django/tests/test_fields.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import datetime
-from django.db.models import Count
+import re
+from django.db.models import Count, Prefetch
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -7,8 +8,12 @@ from graphene import List, NonNull, ObjectType, Schema, String
 
 from ..fields import DjangoListField
 from ..types import DjangoObjectType
-from .models import Article as ArticleModel
+from .models import (
-from .models import Reporter as ReporterModel
+    Article as ArticleModel,
+    Film as FilmModel,
+    FilmDetails as FilmDetailsModel,
+    Reporter as ReporterModel,
+)
 
 
 class TestDjangoListField:
@@ -500,3 +505,145 @@ class TestDjangoListField:
 
         assert not result.errors
         assert result.data == {"reporters": [{"firstName": "Tara"}]}
+
+    def test_select_related_and_prefetch_related_are_respected(
+        self, django_assert_num_queries
+    ):
+        class Article(DjangoObjectType):
+            class Meta:
+                model = ArticleModel
+                fields = ("headline", "editor", "reporter")
+
+        class Film(DjangoObjectType):
+            class Meta:
+                model = FilmModel
+                fields = ("genre", "details")
+
+        class FilmDetail(DjangoObjectType):
+            class Meta:
+                model = FilmDetailsModel
+                fields = ("location",)
+
+        class Reporter(DjangoObjectType):
+            class Meta:
+                model = ReporterModel
+                fields = ("first_name", "articles", "films")
+
+        class Query(ObjectType):
+            articles = DjangoListField(Article)
+
+            @staticmethod
+            def resolve_articles(root, info):
+                # Optimize for querying associated editors and reporters, and the films and film
+                # details of those reporters. This is similar to what would happen using a library
+                # like https://github.com/tfoxy/graphene-django-optimizer for a query like the one
+                # below (albeit simplified and hardcoded here).
+                return ArticleModel.objects.select_related(
+                    "editor", "reporter"
+                ).prefetch_related(
+                    Prefetch(
+                        "reporter__films",
+                        queryset=FilmModel.objects.select_related("details"),
+                    ),
+                )
+
+        schema = Schema(query=Query)
+
+        query = """
+            query {
+                articles {
+                    headline
+
+                    editor {
+                        firstName
+                    }
+
+                    reporter {
+                        firstName
+
+                        films {
+                            genre
+
+                            details {
+                                location
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        """
+
+        r1 = ReporterModel.objects.create(first_name="Tara", last_name="West")
+        r2 = ReporterModel.objects.create(first_name="Debra", last_name="Payne")
+
+        ArticleModel.objects.create(
+            headline="Amazing news",
+            reporter=r1,
+            pub_date=datetime.date.today(),
+            pub_date_time=datetime.datetime.now(),
+            editor=r2,
+        )
+        ArticleModel.objects.create(
+            headline="Not so good news",
+            reporter=r2,
+            pub_date=datetime.date.today(),
+            pub_date_time=datetime.datetime.now(),
+            editor=r1,
+        )
+
+        film1 = FilmModel.objects.create(genre="ac")
+        film2 = FilmModel.objects.create(genre="ot")
+        film3 = FilmModel.objects.create(genre="do")
+        FilmDetailsModel.objects.create(location="Hollywood", film=film1)
+        FilmDetailsModel.objects.create(location="Antarctica", film=film3)
+        r1.films.add(film1, film2)
+        r2.films.add(film3)
+
+        # We expect 2 queries to be performed based on the above resolver definition: one for all
+        # articles joined with the reporters model (for associated editors and reporters), and one
+        # for the films prefetch (which includes its `select_related` JOIN logic in its queryset)
+        with django_assert_num_queries(2) as captured:
+            result = schema.execute(query)
+
+        assert not result.errors
+        assert result.data == {
+            "articles": [
+                {
+                    "headline": "Amazing news",
+                    "editor": {"firstName": "Debra"},
+                    "reporter": {
+                        "firstName": "Tara",
+                        "films": [
+                            {"genre": "AC", "details": {"location": "Hollywood"}},
+                            {"genre": "OT", "details": None},
+                        ],
+                    },
+                },
+                {
+                    "headline": "Not so good news",
+                    "editor": {"firstName": "Tara"},
+                    "reporter": {
+                        "firstName": "Debra",
+                        "films": [
+                            {"genre": "DO", "details": {"location": "Antarctica"}},
+                        ],
+                    },
+                },
+            ]
+        }
+
+        assert len(captured.captured_queries) == 2  # Sanity-check
+
+        # First we should have queried for all articles in a single query, joining on the reporters
+        # model (for the editors and reporters ForeignKeys)
+        assert re.match(
+            r'SELECT .* "tests_article" INNER JOIN "tests_reporter"',
+            captured.captured_queries[0]["sql"],
+        )
+
+        # Then we should have queried for all of the films of all reporters, joined with the film
+        # details for each film, using a single query
+        assert re.match(
+            r'SELECT .* FROM "tests_film" INNER JOIN "tests_film_reporters" .* LEFT OUTER JOIN "tests_filmdetails"',
+            captured.captured_queries[1]["sql"],
+        )

graphene_django/tests/test_forms.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
-from py.test import raises
+from pytest import raises
 
 from ..forms import GlobalIDFormField, GlobalIDMultipleChoiceField
 

graphene_django/tests/test_get_queryset.py

@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+import pytest
+
+import graphene
+from graphene.relay import Node
+
+from graphql_relay import to_global_id
+
+from ..fields import DjangoConnectionField
+from ..types import DjangoObjectType
+
+from .models import Article, Reporter
+
+
+class TestShouldCallGetQuerySetOnForeignKey:
+    """
+    Check that the get_queryset method is called in both forward and reversed direction
+    of a foreignkey on types.
+    (see issue #1111)
+
+    NOTE: For now, we do not expect this get_queryset method to be called for nested
+    objects, as the original attempt to do so prevented SQL query-optimization with
+    `select_related`/`prefetch_related` and caused N+1 queries. See discussions here
+    https://github.com/graphql-python/graphene-django/pull/1315/files#r1015659857
+    and here https://github.com/graphql-python/graphene-django/pull/1401.
+    """
+
+    @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+    def setup_schema(self):
+        class ReporterType(DjangoObjectType):
+            class Meta:
+                model = Reporter
+
+            @classmethod
+            def get_queryset(cls, queryset, info):
+                if info.context and info.context.get("admin"):
+                    return queryset
+                raise Exception("Not authorized to access reporters.")
+
+        class ArticleType(DjangoObjectType):
+            class Meta:
+                model = Article
+
+            @classmethod
+            def get_queryset(cls, queryset, info):
+                return queryset.exclude(headline__startswith="Draft")
+
+        class Query(graphene.ObjectType):
+            reporter = graphene.Field(ReporterType, id=graphene.ID(required=True))
+            article = graphene.Field(ArticleType, id=graphene.ID(required=True))
+
+            def resolve_reporter(self, info, id):
+                return (
+                    ReporterType.get_queryset(Reporter.objects, info)
+                    .filter(id=id)
+                    .last()
+                )
+
+            def resolve_article(self, info, id):
+                return (
+                    ArticleType.get_queryset(Article.objects, info).filter(id=id).last()
+                )
+
+        self.schema = graphene.Schema(query=Query)
+
+        self.reporter = Reporter.objects.create(first_name="Jane", last_name="Doe")
+
+        self.articles = [
+            Article.objects.create(
+                headline="A fantastic article",
+                reporter=self.reporter,
+                editor=self.reporter,
+            ),
+            Article.objects.create(
+                headline="Draft: My next best seller",
+                reporter=self.reporter,
+                editor=self.reporter,
+            ),
+        ]
+
+    def test_get_queryset_called_on_field(self):
+        # If a user tries to access an article it is fine as long as it's not a draft one
+        query = """
+            query getArticle($id: ID!) {
+                article(id: $id) {
+                    headline
+                }
+            }
+        """
+        # Non-draft
+        result = self.schema.execute(query, variables={"id": self.articles[0].id})
+        assert not result.errors
+        assert result.data["article"] == {
+            "headline": "A fantastic article",
+        }
+        # Draft
+        result = self.schema.execute(query, variables={"id": self.articles[1].id})
+        assert not result.errors
+        assert result.data["article"] is None
+
+        # If a non admin user tries to access a reporter they should get our authorization error
+        query = """
+            query getReporter($id: ID!) {
+                reporter(id: $id) {
+                    firstName
+                }
+            }
+        """
+
+        result = self.schema.execute(query, variables={"id": self.reporter.id})
+        assert len(result.errors) == 1
+        assert result.errors[0].message == "Not authorized to access reporters."
+
+        # An admin user should be able to get reporters
+        query = """
+            query getReporter($id: ID!) {
+                reporter(id: $id) {
+                    firstName
+                }
+            }
+        """
+
+        result = self.schema.execute(
+            query,
+            variables={"id": self.reporter.id},
+            context_value={"admin": True},
+        )
+        assert not result.errors
+        assert result.data == {"reporter": {"firstName": "Jane"}}
+
+
+class TestShouldCallGetQuerySetOnForeignKeyNode:
+    """
+    Check that the get_queryset method is called in both forward and reversed direction
+    of a foreignkey on types using a node interface.
+    (see issue #1111)
+    """
+
+    @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+    def setup_schema(self):
+        class ReporterType(DjangoObjectType):
+            class Meta:
+                model = Reporter
+                interfaces = (Node,)
+
+            @classmethod
+            def get_queryset(cls, queryset, info):
+                if info.context and info.context.get("admin"):
+                    return queryset
+                raise Exception("Not authorized to access reporters.")
+
+        class ArticleType(DjangoObjectType):
+            class Meta:
+                model = Article
+                interfaces = (Node,)
+
+            @classmethod
+            def get_queryset(cls, queryset, info):
+                return queryset.exclude(headline__startswith="Draft")
+
+        class Query(graphene.ObjectType):
+            reporter = Node.Field(ReporterType)
+            article = Node.Field(ArticleType)
+
+        self.schema = graphene.Schema(query=Query)
+
+        self.reporter = Reporter.objects.create(first_name="Jane", last_name="Doe")
+
+        self.articles = [
+            Article.objects.create(
+                headline="A fantastic article",
+                reporter=self.reporter,
+                editor=self.reporter,
+            ),
+            Article.objects.create(
+                headline="Draft: My next best seller",
+                reporter=self.reporter,
+                editor=self.reporter,
+            ),
+        ]
+
+    def test_get_queryset_called_on_node(self):
+        # If a user tries to access an article it is fine as long as it's not a draft one
+        query = """
+            query getArticle($id: ID!) {
+                article(id: $id) {
+                    headline
+                }
+            }
+        """
+        # Non-draft
+        result = self.schema.execute(
+            query, variables={"id": to_global_id("ArticleType", self.articles[0].id)}
+        )
+        assert not result.errors
+        assert result.data["article"] == {
+            "headline": "A fantastic article",
+        }
+        # Draft
+        result = self.schema.execute(
+            query, variables={"id": to_global_id("ArticleType", self.articles[1].id)}
+        )
+        assert not result.errors
+        assert result.data["article"] is None
+
+        # If a non admin user tries to access a reporter they should get our authorization error
+        query = """
+            query getReporter($id: ID!) {
+                reporter(id: $id) {
+                    firstName
+                }
+            }
+        """
+
+        result = self.schema.execute(
+            query, variables={"id": to_global_id("ReporterType", self.reporter.id)}
+        )
+        assert len(result.errors) == 1
+        assert result.errors[0].message == "Not authorized to access reporters."
+
+        # An admin user should be able to get reporters
+        query = """
+            query getReporter($id: ID!) {
+                reporter(id: $id) {
+                    firstName
+                }
+            }
+        """
+
+        result = self.schema.execute(
+            query,
+            variables={"id": to_global_id("ReporterType", self.reporter.id)},
+            context_value={"admin": True},
+        )
+        assert not result.errors
+        assert result.data == {"reporter": {"firstName": "Jane"}}

graphene_django/tests/test_query.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from django.db import models
 from django.db.models import Q
 from django.utils.functional import SimpleLazyObject
 from graphql_relay import to_global_id
-from py.test import raises
+from pytest import raises
 
 import graphene
 from graphene.relay import Node
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from ..compat import IntegerRangeField, MissingType
 from ..fields import DjangoConnectionField
 from ..types import DjangoObjectType
 from ..utils import DJANGO_FILTER_INSTALLED
-from .models import Article, CNNReporter, Film, FilmDetails, Reporter
+from .models import Article, CNNReporter, Film, FilmDetails, Person, Pet, Reporter
 
 
 def test_should_query_only_fields():
@@ -251,8 +251,8 @@ def test_should_node():
 
 
 def test_should_query_onetoone_fields():
-    film = Film(id=1)
+    film = Film.objects.create(id=1)
-    film_details = FilmDetails(id=1, film=film)
+    film_details = FilmDetails.objects.create(id=1, film=film)
 
     class FilmNode(DjangoObjectType):
         class Meta:
@@ -780,7 +780,6 @@ def test_should_query_promise_connectionfields():
 
 
 def test_should_query_connectionfields_with_last():
-
     r = Reporter.objects.create(
         first_name="John", last_name="Doe", email="johndoe@example.com", a_choice=1
     )
@@ -818,7 +817,6 @@ def test_should_query_connectionfields_with_last():
 
 
 def test_should_query_connectionfields_with_manager():
-
     r = Reporter.objects.create(
         first_name="John", last_name="Doe", email="johndoe@example.com", a_choice=1
     )
@@ -1151,9 +1149,9 @@ def test_connection_should_limit_after_to_list_length():
 
 REPORTERS = [
     dict(
-        first_name="First {}".format(i),
+        first_name=f"First {i}",
-        last_name="Last {}".format(i),
+        last_name=f"Last {i}",
-        email="johndoe+{}@example.com".format(i),
+        email=f"johndoe+{i}@example.com",
         a_choice=1,
     )
     for i in range(6)
@@ -1243,6 +1241,7 @@ def test_should_have_next_page(graphene_settings):
     }
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("max_limit", [100, 4])
 class TestBackwardPagination:
     def setup_schema(self, graphene_settings, max_limit):
         graphene_settings.RELAY_CONNECTION_MAX_LIMIT = max_limit
@@ -1261,8 +1260,8 @@ class TestBackwardPagination:
         schema = graphene.Schema(query=Query)
         return schema
 
-    def do_queries(self, schema):
+    def test_query_last(self, graphene_settings, max_limit):
-        # Simply last 3
+        schema = self.setup_schema(graphene_settings, max_limit=max_limit)
         query_last = """
             query {
                 allReporters(last: 3) {
@@ -1282,7 +1281,8 @@ class TestBackwardPagination:
             e["node"]["firstName"] for e in result.data["allReporters"]["edges"]
         ] == ["First 3", "First 4", "First 5"]
 
-        # Use a combination of first and last
+    def test_query_first_and_last(self, graphene_settings, max_limit):
+        schema = self.setup_schema(graphene_settings, max_limit=max_limit)
         query_first_and_last = """
             query {
                 allReporters(first: 4, last: 3) {
@@ -1302,7 +1302,8 @@ class TestBackwardPagination:
             e["node"]["firstName"] for e in result.data["allReporters"]["edges"]
         ] == ["First 1", "First 2", "First 3"]
 
-        # Use a combination of first and last and after
+    def test_query_first_last_and_after(self, graphene_settings, max_limit):
+        schema = self.setup_schema(graphene_settings, max_limit=max_limit)
         query_first_last_and_after = """
             query queryAfter($after: String) {
                 allReporters(first: 4, last: 3, after: $after) {
@@ -1317,7 +1318,8 @@ class TestBackwardPagination:
 
         after = base64.b64encode(b"arrayconnection:0").decode()
         result = schema.execute(
-            query_first_last_and_after, variable_values=dict(after=after)
+            query_first_last_and_after,
+            variable_values=dict(after=after),
         )
         assert not result.errors
         assert len(result.data["allReporters"]["edges"]) == 3
@@ -1325,20 +1327,35 @@ class TestBackwardPagination:
             e["node"]["firstName"] for e in result.data["allReporters"]["edges"]
         ] == ["First 2", "First 3", "First 4"]
 
-    def test_should_query(self, graphene_settings):
+    def test_query_last_and_before(self, graphene_settings, max_limit):
+        schema = self.setup_schema(graphene_settings, max_limit=max_limit)
+        query_first_last_and_after = """
+            query queryAfter($before: String) {
+                allReporters(last: 1, before: $before) {
+                    edges {
+                        node {
+                            firstName
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
         """
-        Backward pagination should work as expected
-        """
-        schema = self.setup_schema(graphene_settings, max_limit=100)
-        self.do_queries(schema)
 
-    def test_should_query_with_low_max_limit(self, graphene_settings):
+        result = schema.execute(
-        """
+            query_first_last_and_after,
-        When doing backward pagination (using last) in combination with a max limit higher than the number of objects
+        )
-        we should really retrieve the last ones.
+        assert not result.errors
-        """
+        assert len(result.data["allReporters"]["edges"]) == 1
-        schema = self.setup_schema(graphene_settings, max_limit=4)
+        assert result.data["allReporters"]["edges"][0]["node"]["firstName"] == "First 5"
-        self.do_queries(schema)
+
+        before = base64.b64encode(b"arrayconnection:5").decode()
+        result = schema.execute(
+            query_first_last_and_after,
+            variable_values=dict(before=before),
+        )
+        assert not result.errors
+        assert len(result.data["allReporters"]["edges"]) == 1
+        assert result.data["allReporters"]["edges"][0]["node"]["firstName"] == "First 4"
 
 
 def test_should_preserve_prefetch_related(django_assert_num_queries):
@@ -1480,7 +1497,11 @@ def test_connection_should_enable_offset_filtering():
     result = schema.execute(query)
     assert not result.errors
     expected = {
-        "allReporters": {"edges": [{"node": {"firstName": "Some", "lastName": "Guy"}},]}
+        "allReporters": {
+            "edges": [
+                {"node": {"firstName": "Some", "lastName": "Guy"}},
+            ]
+        }
     }
     assert result.data == expected
 
@@ -1521,7 +1542,9 @@ def test_connection_should_enable_offset_filtering_higher_than_max_limit(
     assert not result.errors
     expected = {
         "allReporters": {
-            "edges": [{"node": {"firstName": "Some", "lastName": "Lady"}},]
+            "edges": [
+                {"node": {"firstName": "Some", "lastName": "Lady"}},
+            ]
         }
     }
     assert result.data == expected
@@ -1590,6 +1613,149 @@ def test_connection_should_allow_offset_filtering_with_after():
     result = schema.execute(query, variable_values=dict(after=after))
     assert not result.errors
     expected = {
-        "allReporters": {"edges": [{"node": {"firstName": "Jane", "lastName": "Roe"}},]}
+        "allReporters": {
+            "edges": [
+                {"node": {"firstName": "Jane", "lastName": "Roe"}},
+            ]
+        }
     }
     assert result.data == expected
+
+
+def test_connection_should_succeed_if_last_higher_than_number_of_objects():
+    class ReporterType(DjangoObjectType):
+        class Meta:
+            model = Reporter
+            interfaces = (Node,)
+            fields = "__all__"
+
+    class Query(graphene.ObjectType):
+        all_reporters = DjangoConnectionField(ReporterType)
+
+    schema = graphene.Schema(query=Query)
+    query = """
+        query ReporterPromiseConnectionQuery ($last: Int) {
+            allReporters(last: $last) {
+                edges {
+                    node {
+                        firstName
+                        lastName
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    """
+
+    result = schema.execute(query, variable_values=dict(last=2))
+    assert not result.errors
+    expected = {"allReporters": {"edges": []}}
+    assert result.data == expected
+
+    Reporter.objects.create(first_name="John", last_name="Doe")
+    Reporter.objects.create(first_name="Some", last_name="Guy")
+    Reporter.objects.create(first_name="Jane", last_name="Roe")
+    Reporter.objects.create(first_name="Some", last_name="Lady")
+
+    result = schema.execute(query, variable_values=dict(last=2))
+    assert not result.errors
+    expected = {
+        "allReporters": {
+            "edges": [
+                {"node": {"firstName": "Jane", "lastName": "Roe"}},
+                {"node": {"firstName": "Some", "lastName": "Lady"}},
+            ]
+        }
+    }
+    assert result.data == expected
+
+    result = schema.execute(query, variable_values=dict(last=4))
+    assert not result.errors
+    expected = {
+        "allReporters": {
+            "edges": [
+                {"node": {"firstName": "John", "lastName": "Doe"}},
+                {"node": {"firstName": "Some", "lastName": "Guy"}},
+                {"node": {"firstName": "Jane", "lastName": "Roe"}},
+                {"node": {"firstName": "Some", "lastName": "Lady"}},
+            ]
+        }
+    }
+    assert result.data == expected
+
+    result = schema.execute(query, variable_values=dict(last=20))
+    assert not result.errors
+    expected = {
+        "allReporters": {
+            "edges": [
+                {"node": {"firstName": "John", "lastName": "Doe"}},
+                {"node": {"firstName": "Some", "lastName": "Guy"}},
+                {"node": {"firstName": "Jane", "lastName": "Roe"}},
+                {"node": {"firstName": "Some", "lastName": "Lady"}},
+            ]
+        }
+    }
+    assert result.data == expected
+
+
+def test_should_query_nullable_foreign_key():
+    class PetType(DjangoObjectType):
+        class Meta:
+            model = Pet
+
+    class PersonType(DjangoObjectType):
+        class Meta:
+            model = Person
+
+    class Query(graphene.ObjectType):
+        pet = graphene.Field(PetType, name=graphene.String(required=True))
+        person = graphene.Field(PersonType, name=graphene.String(required=True))
+
+        def resolve_pet(self, info, name):
+            return Pet.objects.filter(name=name).first()
+
+        def resolve_person(self, info, name):
+            return Person.objects.filter(name=name).first()
+
+    schema = graphene.Schema(query=Query)
+
+    person = Person.objects.create(name="Jane")
+    pets = [
+        Pet.objects.create(name="Stray dog", age=1),
+        Pet.objects.create(name="Jane's dog", owner=person, age=1),
+    ]
+
+    query_pet = """
+        query getPet($name: String!) {
+            pet(name: $name) {
+                owner {
+                    name
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    """
+    result = schema.execute(query_pet, variables={"name": "Stray dog"})
+    assert not result.errors
+    assert result.data["pet"] == {
+        "owner": None,
+    }
+
+    result = schema.execute(query_pet, variables={"name": "Jane's dog"})
+    assert not result.errors
+    assert result.data["pet"] == {
+        "owner": {"name": "Jane"},
+    }
+
+    query_owner = """
+        query getOwner($name: String!) {
+            person(name: $name) {
+                pets {
+                    name
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    """
+    result = schema.execute(query_owner, variables={"name": "Jane"})
+    assert not result.errors
+    assert result.data["person"] == {
+        "pets": [{"name": "Jane's dog"}],
+    }

graphene_django/tests/test_schema.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from py.test import raises
+from pytest import raises
 
 from ..registry import Registry
 from ..types import DjangoObjectType

graphene_django/tests/test_types.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from textwrap import dedent
 
 import pytest
 from django.db import models
-from mock import patch
+from unittest.mock import patch
 
 from graphene import Connection, Field, Interface, ObjectType, Schema, String
 from graphene.relay import Node
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def test_django_objecttype_with_custom_meta():
         @classmethod
         def __init_subclass_with_meta__(cls, **options):
             options.setdefault("_meta", ArticleTypeOptions(cls))
-            super(ArticleType, cls).__init_subclass_with_meta__(**options)
+            super().__init_subclass_with_meta__(**options)
 
     class Article(ArticleType):
         class Meta:
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ def test_schema_representation():
           pets: [Reporter!]!
           aChoice: TestsReporterAChoiceChoices
           reporterType: TestsReporterReporterTypeChoices
-          articles(offset: Int = null, before: String = null, after: String = null, first: Int = null, last: Int = null): ArticleConnection!
+          articles(offset: Int, before: String, after: String, first: Int, last: Int): ArticleConnection!
         }
 
         \"""An enumeration.\"""
@@ -244,8 +244,7 @@ def test_schema_representation():
             \"""The ID of the object\"""
             id: ID!
           ): Node
-        }
+        }"""
-        """
     )
     assert str(schema) == expected
 
@@ -485,7 +484,7 @@ def test_django_objecttype_neither_fields_nor_exclude():
 
 
 def custom_enum_name(field):
-    return "CustomEnum{}".format(field.name.title())
+    return f"CustomEnum{field.name.title()}"
 
 
 class TestDjangoObjectType:
@@ -525,8 +524,7 @@ class TestDjangoObjectType:
               id: ID!
               kind: String!
               cuteness: Int!
-            }
+            }"""
-            """
         )
 
     def test_django_objecttype_convert_choices_enum_list(self, PetModel):
@@ -560,8 +558,7 @@ class TestDjangoObjectType:
 
               \"""Dog\"""
               DOG
-            }
+            }"""
-            """
         )
 
     def test_django_objecttype_convert_choices_enum_empty_list(self, PetModel):
@@ -586,8 +583,7 @@ class TestDjangoObjectType:
               id: ID!
               kind: String!
               cuteness: Int!
-            }
+            }"""
-            """
         )
 
     def test_django_objecttype_convert_choices_enum_naming_collisions(
@@ -621,8 +617,7 @@ class TestDjangoObjectType:
 
               \"""Dog\"""
               DOG
-            }
+            }"""
-            """
         )
 
     def test_django_objecttype_choices_custom_enum_name(
@@ -660,8 +655,7 @@ class TestDjangoObjectType:
 
               \"""Dog\"""
               DOG
-            }
+            }"""
-            """
         )
 
 

graphene_django/tests/test_utils.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import json
 
 import pytest
 from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy
-from mock import patch
+from unittest.mock import patch
 
 from ..utils import camelize, get_model_fields, GraphQLTestCase
 from .models import Film, Reporter
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ from ..utils.testing import graphql_query
 
 def test_get_model_fields_no_duplication():
     reporter_fields = get_model_fields(Reporter)
-    reporter_name_set = set([field[0] for field in reporter_fields])
+    reporter_name_set = {field[0] for field in reporter_fields}
     assert len(reporter_fields) == len(reporter_name_set)
 
     film_fields = get_model_fields(Film)
-    film_name_set = set([field[0] for field in film_fields])
+    film_name_set = {field[0] for field in film_fields}
     assert len(film_fields) == len(film_name_set)
 
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def test_graphql_test_case_operation_name(post_mock):
     tc._pre_setup()
     tc.setUpClass()
     tc.query("query { }", operation_name="QueryName")
-    body = json.loads(post_mock.call_args.args[1])
+    body = json.loads(post_mock.call_args[0][1])
     # `operationName` field from https://graphql.org/learn/serving-over-http/#post-request
     assert (
         "operationName",
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ def test_graphql_test_case_operation_name(post_mock):
 @patch("graphene_django.utils.testing.Client.post")
 def test_graphql_query_case_operation_name(post_mock):
     graphql_query("query { }", operation_name="QueryName")
-    body = json.loads(post_mock.call_args.args[1])
+    body = json.loads(post_mock.call_args[0][1])
     # `operationName` field from https://graphql.org/learn/serving-over-http/#post-request
     assert (
         "operationName",

graphene_django/tests/test_views.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import json
 
 import pytest
 
-from mock import patch
+from unittest.mock import patch
 
 from django.db import connection
 
@@ -109,12 +109,10 @@ def test_reports_validation_errors(client):
             {
                 "message": "Cannot query field 'unknownOne' on type 'QueryRoot'.",
                 "locations": [{"line": 1, "column": 9}],
-                "path": None,
             },
             {
                 "message": "Cannot query field 'unknownTwo' on type 'QueryRoot'.",
                 "locations": [{"line": 1, "column": 21}],
-                "path": None,
             },
         ]
     }
@@ -135,8 +133,6 @@ def test_errors_when_missing_operation_name(client):
         "errors": [
             {
                 "message": "Must provide operation name if query contains multiple operations.",
-                "locations": None,
-                "path": None,
             }
         ]
     }
@@ -477,7 +473,6 @@ def test_handles_syntax_errors_caught_by_graphql(client):
             {
                 "locations": [{"column": 1, "line": 1}],
                 "message": "Syntax Error: Unexpected Name 'syntaxerror'.",
-                "path": None,
             }
         ]
     }
@@ -512,7 +507,7 @@ def test_handles_invalid_json_bodies(client):
 
 def test_handles_django_request_error(client, monkeypatch):
     def mocked_read(*args):
-        raise IOError("foo-bar")
+        raise OSError("foo-bar")
 
     monkeypatch.setattr("django.http.request.HttpRequest.read", mocked_read)
 

graphene_django/tests/urls.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-from django.conf.urls import url
+from django.urls import path
 
 from ..views import GraphQLView
 
 urlpatterns = [
-    url(r"^graphql/batch", GraphQLView.as_view(batch=True)),
+    path("graphql/batch", GraphQLView.as_view(batch=True)),
-    url(r"^graphql", GraphQLView.as_view(graphiql=True)),
+    path("graphql", GraphQLView.as_view(graphiql=True)),
 ]

graphene_django/tests/urls_inherited.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from django.conf.urls import url
+from django.urls import path
 
 from ..views import GraphQLView
 from .schema_view import schema
@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ class CustomGraphQLView(GraphQLView):
     pretty = True
 
 
-urlpatterns = [url(r"^graphql/inherited/$", CustomGraphQLView.as_view())]
+urlpatterns = [path("graphql/inherited/", CustomGraphQLView.as_view())]

graphene_django/tests/urls_pretty.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-from django.conf.urls import url
+from django.urls import path
 
 from ..views import GraphQLView
 from .schema_view import schema
 
-urlpatterns = [url(r"^graphql", GraphQLView.as_view(schema=schema, pretty=True))]
+urlpatterns = [path("graphql", GraphQLView.as_view(schema=schema, pretty=True))]

graphene_django/types.py

@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ def validate_fields(type_, model, fields, only_fields, exclude_fields):
 
 
 class DjangoObjectTypeOptions(ObjectTypeOptions):
-    model = None  # type: Model
+    model = None  # type: Type[Model]
     registry = None  # type: Registry
     connection = None  # type: Type[Connection]
 
@@ -168,11 +168,9 @@ class DjangoObjectType(ObjectType):
 
         if not DJANGO_FILTER_INSTALLED and (filter_fields or filterset_class):
             raise Exception(
-                (
                 "Can only set filter_fields or filterset_class if "
                 "Django-Filter is installed"
             )
-            )
 
         assert not (fields and exclude), (
             "Cannot set both 'fields' and 'exclude' options on "
@@ -216,7 +214,7 @@ class DjangoObjectType(ObjectType):
                 "Creating a DjangoObjectType without either the `fields` "
                 "or the `exclude` option is deprecated. Add an explicit `fields "
                 "= '__all__'` option on DjangoObjectType {class_name} to use all "
-                "fields".format(class_name=cls.__name__,),
+                "fields".format(class_name=cls.__name__),
                 DeprecationWarning,
                 stacklevel=2,
             )
@@ -228,7 +226,7 @@ class DjangoObjectType(ObjectType):
 
         if use_connection is None and interfaces:
             use_connection = any(
-                (issubclass(interface, Node) for interface in interfaces)
+                issubclass(interface, Node) for interface in interfaces
             )
 
         if use_connection and not connection:
@@ -255,7 +253,7 @@ class DjangoObjectType(ObjectType):
         _meta.fields = django_fields
         _meta.connection = connection
 
-        super(DjangoObjectType, cls).__init_subclass_with_meta__(
+        super().__init_subclass_with_meta__(
             _meta=_meta, interfaces=interfaces, **options
         )
 

graphene_django/utils/testing.py

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@ import warnings
 
 from django.test import Client, TestCase, TransactionTestCase
 
-DEFAULT_GRAPHQL_URL = "/graphql/"
+from graphene_django.settings import graphene_settings
+
+DEFAULT_GRAPHQL_URL = "/graphql"
 
 
 def graphql_query(
@@ -19,7 +21,7 @@ def graphql_query(
     Args:
         query (string)              - GraphQL query to run
         operation_name (string)     - If the query is a mutation or named query, you must
-                                      supply the op_name.  For annon queries ("{ ... }"),
+                                      supply the operation_name.  For annon queries ("{ ... }"),
                                       should be None (default).
         input_data (dict)           - If provided, the $input variable in GraphQL will be set
                                       to this value. If both ``input_data`` and ``variables``,
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ def graphql_query(
     if client is None:
         client = Client()
     if not graphql_url:
-        graphql_url = DEFAULT_GRAPHQL_URL
+        graphql_url = graphene_settings.TESTING_ENDPOINT
 
     body = {"query": query}
     if operation_name:
@@ -63,13 +65,13 @@ def graphql_query(
     return resp
 
 
-class GraphQLTestMixin(object):
+class GraphQLTestMixin:
     """
     Based on: https://www.sam.today/blog/testing-graphql-with-graphene-django/
     """
 
     # URL to graphql endpoint
-    GRAPHQL_URL = DEFAULT_GRAPHQL_URL
+    GRAPHQL_URL = graphene_settings.TESTING_ENDPOINT
 
     def query(
         self, query, operation_name=None, input_data=None, variables=None, headers=None
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ class GraphQLTestMixin(object):
         Args:
             query (string)    - GraphQL query to run
             operation_name (string)  - If the query is a mutation or named query, you must
-                                supply the op_name.  For annon queries ("{ ... }"),
+                                supply the operation_name.  For annon queries ("{ ... }"),
                                 should be None (default).
             input_data (dict) - If provided, the $input variable in GraphQL will be set
                                 to this value. If both ``input_data`` and ``variables``,

graphene_django/utils/tests/test_str_converters.py

@@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ def test_to_const():
 
 
 def test_to_const_unicode():
-    assert to_const(u"Skoða þetta unicode stöff") == "SKODA_THETTA_UNICODE_STOFF"
+    assert to_const("Skoða þetta unicode stöff") == "SKODA_THETTA_UNICODE_STOFF"

graphene_django/utils/tests/test_testing.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import pytest
 
 from .. import GraphQLTestCase
 from ...tests.test_types import with_local_registry
+from ...settings import graphene_settings
 from django.test import Client
 
 
@@ -43,3 +44,11 @@ def test_graphql_test_case_deprecated_client_setter():
 
     with pytest.warns(PendingDeprecationWarning):
         tc._client = Client()
+
+
+def test_graphql_test_case_imports_endpoint():
+    """
+    GraphQLTestCase class should import the default endpoint from settings file
+    """
+
+    assert GraphQLTestCase.GRAPHQL_URL == graphene_settings.TESTING_ENDPOINT

graphene_django/views.py

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ from django.views.decorators.csrf import ensure_csrf_cookie
 from django.views.generic import View
 from graphql import OperationType, get_operation_ast, parse, validate
 from graphql.error import GraphQLError
-from graphql.error import format_error as format_graphql_error
 from graphql.execution import ExecutionResult
 
 from graphene import Schema
@@ -27,7 +26,7 @@ class HttpError(Exception):
     def __init__(self, response, message=None, *args, **kwargs):
         self.response = response
         self.message = message = message or response.content.decode()
-        super(HttpError, self).__init__(message, *args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(message, *args, **kwargs)
 
 
 def get_accepted_content_types(request):
@@ -67,16 +66,19 @@ class GraphQLView(View):
     react_dom_sri = "sha256-nbMykgB6tsOFJ7OdVmPpdqMFVk4ZsqWocT6issAPUF0="
 
     # The GraphiQL React app.
-    graphiql_version = "1.4.1"  # "1.0.3"
+    graphiql_version = "2.4.1"  # "1.0.3"
-    graphiql_sri = "sha256-JUMkXBQWZMfJ7fGEsTXalxVA10lzKOS9loXdLjwZKi4="  # "sha256-VR4buIDY9ZXSyCNFHFNik6uSe0MhigCzgN4u7moCOTk="
+    graphiql_sri = "sha256-s+f7CFAPSUIygFnRC2nfoiEKd3liCUy+snSdYFAoLUc="  # "sha256-VR4buIDY9ZXSyCNFHFNik6uSe0MhigCzgN4u7moCOTk="
-    graphiql_css_sri = "sha256-Md3vdR7PDzWyo/aGfsFVF4tvS5/eAUWuIsg9QHUusCY="  # "sha256-LwqxjyZgqXDYbpxQJ5zLQeNcf7WVNSJ+r8yp2rnWE/E="
+    graphiql_css_sri = "sha256-88yn8FJMyGboGs4Bj+Pbb3kWOWXo7jmb+XCRHE+282k="  # "sha256-LwqxjyZgqXDYbpxQJ5zLQeNcf7WVNSJ+r8yp2rnWE/E="
 
     # The websocket transport library for subscriptions.
-    subscriptions_transport_ws_version = "0.9.18"
+    subscriptions_transport_ws_version = "5.12.1"
     subscriptions_transport_ws_sri = (
-        "sha256-i0hAXd4PdJ/cHX3/8tIy/Q/qKiWr5WSTxMFuL9tACkw="
+        "sha256-EZhvg6ANJrBsgLvLAa0uuHNLepLJVCFYS+xlb5U/bqw="
     )
 
+    graphiql_plugin_explorer_version = "0.1.15"
+    graphiql_plugin_explorer_sri = "sha256-3hUuhBXdXlfCj6RTeEkJFtEh/kUG+TCDASFpFPLrzvE="
+
     schema = None
     graphiql = False
     middleware = None
@@ -159,10 +161,13 @@ class GraphQLView(View):
                     graphiql_css_sri=self.graphiql_css_sri,
                     subscriptions_transport_ws_version=self.subscriptions_transport_ws_version,
                     subscriptions_transport_ws_sri=self.subscriptions_transport_ws_sri,
+                    graphiql_plugin_explorer_version=self.graphiql_plugin_explorer_version,
+                    graphiql_plugin_explorer_sri=self.graphiql_plugin_explorer_sri,
                     # The SUBSCRIPTION_PATH setting.
                     subscription_path=self.subscription_path,
                     # GraphiQL headers tab,
                     graphiql_header_editor_enabled=graphene_settings.GRAPHIQL_HEADER_EDITOR_ENABLED,
+                    graphiql_should_persist_headers=graphene_settings.GRAPHIQL_SHOULD_PERSIST_HEADERS,
                 )
 
             if self.batch:
@@ -387,7 +392,7 @@ class GraphQLView(View):
     @staticmethod
     def format_error(error):
         if isinstance(error, GraphQLError):
-            return format_graphql_error(error)
+            return error.formatted
 
         return {"message": str(error)}
 

setup.cfg

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ test=pytest
 universal=1
 
 [flake8]
-exclude = docs,graphene_django/debug/sql/*,migrations
+exclude = docs,graphene_django/debug/sql/*
 max-line-length = 120
 select =
 	# Dictionary key repeated

setup.py

@@ -14,22 +14,23 @@ rest_framework_require = ["djangorestframework>=3.6.3"]
 
 
 tests_require = [
-    "pytest>=3.6.3",
+    "pytest>=7.3.1",
     "pytest-cov",
     "pytest-random-order",
     "coveralls",
     "mock",
     "pytz",
-    "django-filter>=2",
+    "django-filter>=22.1",
-    "pytest-django>=3.3.2",
+    "pytest-django>=4.5.2",
 ] + rest_framework_require
 
 
 dev_requires = [
-    "black==19.10b0",
+    "black==23.3.0",
-    "flake8==3.7.9",
+    "flake8==6.0.0",
-    "flake8-black==0.1.1",
+    "flake8-black==0.3.6",
-    "flake8-bugbear==20.1.4",
+    "flake8-bugbear==23.3.23",
+    "pre-commit",
 ] + tests_require
 
 setup(
@@ -46,23 +47,24 @@ setup(
         "Intended Audience :: Developers",
         "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
-        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy",
         "Framework :: Django",
-        "Framework :: Django :: 2.2",
-        "Framework :: Django :: 3.0",
-        "Framework :: Django :: 3.1",
         "Framework :: Django :: 3.2",
+        "Framework :: Django :: 4.0",
+        "Framework :: Django :: 4.1",
     ],
     keywords="api graphql protocol rest relay graphene",
     packages=find_packages(exclude=["tests", "examples", "examples.*"]),
     install_requires=[
-        "graphene>=3.0.0b5,<4",
+        "graphene>=3.0,<4",
         "graphql-core>=3.1.0,<4",
-        "Django>=2.2",
+        "graphql-relay>=3.1.1,<4",
+        "Django>=3.2",
         "promise>=2.1",
         "text-unidecode",
     ],

tox.ini

@@ -1,21 +1,23 @@
 [tox]
 envlist =
-    py{36,37,38,39}-django{22,30,31,32,main},
+    py{37,38,39,310}-django32,
-    black,flake8
+    py{38,39,310}-django{40,41,main},
+    py311-django{41,main}
+    pre-commit
 
 [gh-actions]
 python =
-    3.6: py36
     3.7: py37
     3.8: py38
     3.9: py39
+    3.10: py310
+    3.11: py311
 
 [gh-actions:env]
 DJANGO =
-    2.2: django22
-    3.0: django30
-    3.1: django31
     3.2: django32
+    4.0: django40
+    4.1: django41
     main: djangomain
 
 [testenv]
@@ -23,26 +25,18 @@ passenv = *
 usedevelop = True
 setenv =
     DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=examples.django_test_settings
+    PYTHONPATH=.
 deps =
     -e.[test]
     psycopg2-binary
-    django20: Django>=2.0,<2.1
+    django32: Django>=3.2,<4.0
-    django21: Django>=2.1,<2.2
+    django40: Django>=4.0,<4.1
-    django22: Django>=2.2,<3.0
+    django41: Django>=4.1,<4.2
-    django30: Django>=3.0a1,<3.1
-    django31: Django>=3.1,<3.2
-    django32: Django>=3.2a1,<3.3
     djangomain: https://github.com/django/django/archive/main.zip
 commands = {posargs:py.test --cov=graphene_django graphene_django examples}
 
-[testenv:black]
+[testenv:pre-commit]
-basepython = python3.9
+skip_install = true
-deps = -e.[dev]
+deps = pre-commit
 commands =
-    black --exclude "/migrations/" graphene_django examples setup.py --check
+    pre-commit run --all-files --show-diff-on-failure
-
-[testenv:flake8]
-basepython = python3.9
-deps = -e.[dev]
-commands =
-    flake8 graphene_django examples setup.py