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180 lines
4.8 KiB
ReStructuredText
180 lines
4.8 KiB
ReStructuredText
Authorization in Django
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=======================
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There are several ways you may want to limit access to data when
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working with Graphene and Django: limiting which fields are accessible
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via GraphQL and limiting which objects a user can access.
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Let's use a simple example model.
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.. code:: python
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from django.db import models
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class Post(models.Model):
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title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
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content = models.TextField()
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published = models.BooleanField(default=False)
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owner = models.ForeignKey('auth.User')
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Limiting Field Access
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---------------------
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To limit fields in a GraphQL query simply use the ``fields`` meta attribute.
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.. code:: python
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from graphene import relay
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from graphene_django.types import DjangoObjectType
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from .models import Post
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class PostNode(DjangoObjectType):
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class Meta:
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model = Post
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fields = ('title', 'content')
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interfaces = (relay.Node, )
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conversely you can use ``exclude`` meta attribute.
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.. code:: python
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from graphene import relay
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from graphene_django.types import DjangoObjectType
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from .models import Post
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class PostNode(DjangoObjectType):
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class Meta:
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model = Post
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exclude = ('published', 'owner')
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interfaces = (relay.Node, )
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Queryset Filtering On Lists
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---------------------------
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In order to filter which objects are available in a queryset-based list,
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define a resolve method for that field and return the desired queryset.
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.. code:: python
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from graphene import ObjectType
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from graphene_django.filter import DjangoFilterConnectionField
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from .models import Post
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class Query(ObjectType):
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all_posts = DjangoFilterConnectionField(PostNode)
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def resolve_all_posts(self, info):
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return Post.objects.filter(published=True)
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User-based Queryset Filtering
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-----------------------------
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If you are using ``GraphQLView`` you can access Django's request
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with the context argument.
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.. code:: python
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from graphene import ObjectType
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from graphene_django.filter import DjangoFilterConnectionField
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from .models import Post
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class Query(ObjectType):
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my_posts = DjangoFilterConnectionField(PostNode)
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def resolve_my_posts(self, info):
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# context will reference to the Django request
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if not info.context.user.is_authenticated:
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return Post.objects.none()
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else:
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return Post.objects.filter(owner=info.context.user)
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If you're using your own view, passing the request context into the
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schema is simple.
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.. code:: python
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result = schema.execute(query, context_value=request)
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Global Filtering
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----------------
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If you are using ``DjangoObjectType`` you can define a custom `get_queryset`.
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.. code:: python
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from graphene import relay
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from graphene_django.types import DjangoObjectType
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from .models import Post
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class PostNode(DjangoObjectType):
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class Meta:
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model = Post
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fields = '__all__'
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@classmethod
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def get_queryset(cls, queryset, info):
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if info.context.user.is_anonymous:
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return queryset.filter(published=True)
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return queryset
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Filtering ID-based Node Access
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------------------------------
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In order to add authorization to id-based node access, we need to add a
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method to your ``DjangoObjectType``.
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.. code:: python
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from graphene_django.types import DjangoObjectType
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from .models import Post
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class PostNode(DjangoObjectType):
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class Meta:
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model = Post
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fields = ('title', 'content')
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interfaces = (relay.Node, )
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@classmethod
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def get_node(cls, info, id):
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try:
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post = cls._meta.model.objects.get(id=id)
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except cls._meta.model.DoesNotExist:
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return None
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if post.published or info.context.user == post.owner:
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return post
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return None
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Adding Login Required
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---------------------
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To restrict users from accessing the GraphQL API page the standard Django LoginRequiredMixin_ can be used to create your own standard Django Class Based View, which includes the ``LoginRequiredMixin`` and subclasses the ``GraphQLView``.:
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.. code:: python
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# views.py
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from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
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from graphene_django.views import GraphQLView
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class PrivateGraphQLView(LoginRequiredMixin, GraphQLView):
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pass
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After this, you can use the new ``PrivateGraphQLView`` in the project's URL Configuration file ``url.py``:
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For Django 2.2 and above:
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.. code:: python
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urlpatterns = [
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# some other urls
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path('graphql', PrivateGraphQLView.as_view(graphiql=True, schema=schema)),
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]
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.. _LoginRequiredMixin: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/auth/default/#the-loginrequired-mixin
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