diff --git a/examples/starwars_relay/tests/snapshots/snap_test_objectidentification.py b/examples/starwars_relay/tests/snapshots/snap_test_objectidentification.py
index 2d13cba3..cb57709a 100644
--- a/examples/starwars_relay/tests/snapshots/snap_test_objectidentification.py
+++ b/examples/starwars_relay/tests/snapshots/snap_test_objectidentification.py
@@ -30,21 +30,22 @@ snapshots["test_correctly_refetches_xwing 1"] = {
 
 snapshots[
     "test_str_schema 1"
-] = """schema {
-  query: Query
-  mutation: Mutation
-}
-
+] = '''"""A faction in the Star Wars saga"""
 type Faction implements Node {
+  """The ID of the object"""
   id: ID!
+
+  """The name of the faction."""
   name: String
-  ships(before: String, after: String, first: Int, last: Int): ShipConnection
+
+  """The ships used by the faction."""
+  ships(before: String = null, after: String = null, first: Int = null, last: Int = null): ShipConnection
 }
 
 input IntroduceShipInput {
   shipName: String!
   factionId: String!
-  clientMutationId: String
+  clientMutationId: String = null
 }
 
 type IntroduceShipPayload {
@@ -57,35 +58,60 @@ type Mutation {
   introduceShip(input: IntroduceShipInput!): IntroduceShipPayload
 }
 
+"""An object with an ID"""
 interface Node {
+  """The ID of the object"""
   id: ID!
 }
 
+"""
+The Relay compliant `PageInfo` type, containing data necessary to paginate this connection.
+"""
 type PageInfo {
+  """When paginating forwards, are there more items?"""
   hasNextPage: Boolean!
+
+  """When paginating backwards, are there more items?"""
   hasPreviousPage: Boolean!
+
+  """When paginating backwards, the cursor to continue."""
   startCursor: String
+
+  """When paginating forwards, the cursor to continue."""
   endCursor: String
 }
 
 type Query {
   rebels: Faction
   empire: Faction
+
+  """The ID of the object"""
   node(id: ID!): Node
 }
 
+"""A ship in the Star Wars saga"""
 type Ship implements Node {
+  """The ID of the object"""
   id: ID!
+
+  """The name of the ship."""
   name: String
 }
 
 type ShipConnection {
+  """Pagination data for this connection."""
   pageInfo: PageInfo!
+
+  """Contains the nodes in this connection."""
   edges: [ShipEdge]!
 }
 
+"""A Relay edge containing a `Ship` and its cursor."""
 type ShipEdge {
+  """The item at the end of the edge"""
   node: Ship
+
+  """A cursor for use in pagination"""
   cursor: String!
 }
-"""
+'''
diff --git a/graphene/relay/connection.py b/graphene/relay/connection.py
index 047f2b4d..24804dbd 100644
--- a/graphene/relay/connection.py
+++ b/graphene/relay/connection.py
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ class IterableConnectionField(Field):
             )
 
         assert issubclass(connection_type, Connection), (
-            '{} type have to be a subclass of Connection. Received "{}".'
+            '{} type has to be a subclass of Connection. Received "{}".'
         ).format(self.__class__.__name__, connection_type)
         return type
 
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ class IterableConnectionField(Field):
             return resolved
 
         assert isinstance(resolved, Iterable), (
-            "Resolved value from the connection field have to be iterable or instance of {}. "
+            "Resolved value from the connection field has to be iterable or instance of {}. "
             'Received "{}"'
         ).format(connection_type, resolved)
         connection = connection_from_list(
diff --git a/graphene/relay/node.py b/graphene/relay/node.py
index d9c4c0f6..f80db13e 100644
--- a/graphene/relay/node.py
+++ b/graphene/relay/node.py
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ class AbstractNode(Interface):
     def __init_subclass_with_meta__(cls, **options):
         _meta = InterfaceOptions(cls)
         _meta.fields = OrderedDict(
-            id=GlobalID(cls, description="The ID of the object.")
+            id=GlobalID(cls, description="The ID of the object")
         )
         super(AbstractNode, cls).__init_subclass_with_meta__(_meta=_meta, **options)
 
diff --git a/graphene/relay/tests/test_connection_query.py b/graphene/relay/tests/test_connection_query.py
index be6ee8c7..7e6f2c4d 100644
--- a/graphene/relay/tests/test_connection_query.py
+++ b/graphene/relay/tests/test_connection_query.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-from collections import OrderedDict
+from pytest import mark
 
 from graphql_relay.utils import base64
-from promise import Promise
 
 from ...types import ObjectType, Schema, String
 from ..connection import Connection, ConnectionField, PageInfo
@@ -25,15 +24,15 @@ class LetterConnection(Connection):
 class Query(ObjectType):
     letters = ConnectionField(LetterConnection)
     connection_letters = ConnectionField(LetterConnection)
-    promise_letters = ConnectionField(LetterConnection)
+    async_letters = ConnectionField(LetterConnection)
 
     node = Node.Field()
 
     def resolve_letters(self, info, **args):
         return list(letters.values())
 
-    def resolve_promise_letters(self, info, **args):
-        return Promise.resolve(list(letters.values()))
+    async def resolve_async_letters(self, info, **args):
+        return list(letters.values())
 
     def resolve_connection_letters(self, info, **args):
         return LetterConnection(
@@ -46,9 +45,7 @@ class Query(ObjectType):
 
 schema = Schema(Query)
 
-letters = OrderedDict()
-for i, letter in enumerate(letter_chars):
-    letters[letter] = Letter(id=i, letter=letter)
+letters = {letter: Letter(id=i, letter=letter) for i, letter in enumerate(letter_chars)}
 
 
 def edges(selected_letters):
@@ -66,11 +63,11 @@ def cursor_for(ltr):
     return base64("arrayconnection:%s" % letter.id)
 
 
-def execute(args=""):
+async def execute(args=""):
     if args:
         args = "(" + args + ")"
 
-    return schema.execute(
+    return await schema.execute_async(
         """
     {
         letters%s {
@@ -94,8 +91,8 @@ def execute(args=""):
     )
 
 
-def check(args, letters, has_previous_page=False, has_next_page=False):
-    result = execute(args)
+async def check(args, letters, has_previous_page=False, has_next_page=False):
+    result = await execute(args)
     expected_edges = edges(letters)
     expected_page_info = {
         "hasPreviousPage": has_previous_page,
@@ -110,96 +107,114 @@ def check(args, letters, has_previous_page=False, has_next_page=False):
     }
 
 
-def test_returns_all_elements_without_filters():
-    check("", "ABCDE")
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_returns_all_elements_without_filters():
+    await check("", "ABCDE")
 
 
-def test_respects_a_smaller_first():
-    check("first: 2", "AB", has_next_page=True)
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_a_smaller_first():
+    await check("first: 2", "AB", has_next_page=True)
 
 
-def test_respects_an_overly_large_first():
-    check("first: 10", "ABCDE")
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_an_overly_large_first():
+    await check("first: 10", "ABCDE")
 
 
-def test_respects_a_smaller_last():
-    check("last: 2", "DE", has_previous_page=True)
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_a_smaller_last():
+    await check("last: 2", "DE", has_previous_page=True)
 
 
-def test_respects_an_overly_large_last():
-    check("last: 10", "ABCDE")
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_an_overly_large_last():
+    await check("last: 10", "ABCDE")
 
 
-def test_respects_first_and_after():
-    check('first: 2, after: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("B")), "CD", has_next_page=True)
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_first_and_after():
+    await check('first: 2, after: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("B")), "CD", has_next_page=True)
 
 
-def test_respects_first_and_after_with_long_first():
-    check('first: 10, after: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("B")), "CDE")
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_first_and_after_with_long_first():
+    await check('first: 10, after: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("B")), "CDE")
 
 
-def test_respects_last_and_before():
-    check('last: 2, before: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("D")), "BC", has_previous_page=True)
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_last_and_before():
+    await check('last: 2, before: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("D")), "BC", has_previous_page=True)
 
 
-def test_respects_last_and_before_with_long_last():
-    check('last: 10, before: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("D")), "ABC")
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_last_and_before_with_long_last():
+    await check('last: 10, before: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("D")), "ABC")
 
 
-def test_respects_first_and_after_and_before_too_few():
-    check(
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_first_and_after_and_before_too_few():
+    await check(
         'first: 2, after: "{}", before: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("A"), cursor_for("E")),
         "BC",
         has_next_page=True,
     )
 
 
-def test_respects_first_and_after_and_before_too_many():
-    check(
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_first_and_after_and_before_too_many():
+    await check(
         'first: 4, after: "{}", before: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("A"), cursor_for("E")),
         "BCD",
     )
 
 
-def test_respects_first_and_after_and_before_exactly_right():
-    check(
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_first_and_after_and_before_exactly_right():
+    await check(
         'first: 3, after: "{}", before: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("A"), cursor_for("E")),
         "BCD",
     )
 
 
-def test_respects_last_and_after_and_before_too_few():
-    check(
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_last_and_after_and_before_too_few():
+    await check(
         'last: 2, after: "{}", before: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("A"), cursor_for("E")),
         "CD",
         has_previous_page=True,
     )
 
 
-def test_respects_last_and_after_and_before_too_many():
-    check(
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_last_and_after_and_before_too_many():
+    await check(
         'last: 4, after: "{}", before: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("A"), cursor_for("E")),
         "BCD",
     )
 
 
-def test_respects_last_and_after_and_before_exactly_right():
-    check(
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_respects_last_and_after_and_before_exactly_right():
+    await check(
         'last: 3, after: "{}", before: "{}"'.format(cursor_for("A"), cursor_for("E")),
         "BCD",
     )
 
 
-def test_returns_no_elements_if_first_is_0():
-    check("first: 0", "", has_next_page=True)
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_returns_no_elements_if_first_is_0():
+    await check("first: 0", "", has_next_page=True)
 
 
-def test_returns_all_elements_if_cursors_are_invalid():
-    check('before: "invalid" after: "invalid"', "ABCDE")
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_returns_all_elements_if_cursors_are_invalid():
+    await check('before: "invalid" after: "invalid"', "ABCDE")
 
 
-def test_returns_all_elements_if_cursors_are_on_the_outside():
-    check(
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_returns_all_elements_if_cursors_are_on_the_outside():
+    await check(
         'before: "{}" after: "{}"'.format(
             base64("arrayconnection:%s" % 6), base64("arrayconnection:%s" % -1)
         ),
@@ -207,8 +222,9 @@ def test_returns_all_elements_if_cursors_are_on_the_outside():
     )
 
 
-def test_returns_no_elements_if_cursors_cross():
-    check(
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_returns_no_elements_if_cursors_cross():
+    await check(
         'before: "{}" after: "{}"'.format(
             base64("arrayconnection:%s" % 2), base64("arrayconnection:%s" % 4)
         ),
@@ -216,8 +232,9 @@ def test_returns_no_elements_if_cursors_cross():
     )
 
 
-def test_connection_type_nodes():
-    result = schema.execute(
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_connection_type_nodes():
+    result = await schema.execute_async(
         """
     {
         connectionLetters {
@@ -248,11 +265,12 @@ def test_connection_type_nodes():
     }
 
 
-def test_connection_promise():
-    result = schema.execute(
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_connection_async():
+    result = await schema.execute_async(
         """
     {
-        promiseLetters(first:1) {
+        asyncLetters(first:1) {
             edges {
                 node {
                     id
@@ -270,7 +288,7 @@ def test_connection_promise():
 
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == {
-        "promiseLetters": {
+        "asyncLetters": {
             "edges": [{"node": {"id": "TGV0dGVyOjA=", "letter": "A"}}],
             "pageInfo": {"hasPreviousPage": False, "hasNextPage": True},
         }
diff --git a/graphene/relay/tests/test_mutation.py b/graphene/relay/tests/test_mutation.py
index 96ddcf0c..dcafbd80 100644
--- a/graphene/relay/tests/test_mutation.py
+++ b/graphene/relay/tests/test_mutation.py
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ class OtherMutation(ClientIDMutation):
 
     @staticmethod
     def mutate_and_get_payload(
-        self, info, shared="", additional_field="", client_mutation_id=None
+        self, info, shared, additional_field, client_mutation_id=None
     ):
         edge_type = MyEdge
         return OtherMutation(
-            name=shared + additional_field,
+            name=(shared or "") + (additional_field or ""),
             my_node_edge=edge_type(cursor="1", node=MyNode(name="name")),
         )
 
diff --git a/graphene/relay/tests/test_node.py b/graphene/relay/tests/test_node.py
index fbce1d54..be6cdc85 100644
--- a/graphene/relay/tests/test_node.py
+++ b/graphene/relay/tests/test_node.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-from collections import OrderedDict
-
 from graphql_relay import to_global_id
 
+from graphql.pyutils import dedent
+
 from ...types import ObjectType, Schema, String
 from ..node import Node, is_node
 
@@ -70,17 +70,13 @@ def test_subclassed_node_query():
         % to_global_id("MyOtherNode", 1)
     )
     assert not executed.errors
-    assert executed.data == OrderedDict(
-        {
-            "node": OrderedDict(
-                [
-                    ("shared", "1"),
-                    ("extraField", "extra field info."),
-                    ("somethingElse", "----"),
-                ]
-            )
+    assert executed.data == {
+        "node": {
+                "shared": "1",
+                "extraField": "extra field info.",
+                "somethingElse": "----"
         }
-    )
+    }
 
 
 def test_node_requesting_non_node():
@@ -124,7 +120,7 @@ def test_node_field_only_type_wrong():
         % Node.to_global_id("MyOtherNode", 1)
     )
     assert len(executed.errors) == 1
-    assert str(executed.errors[0]) == "Must receive a MyNode id."
+    assert str(executed.errors[0]).startswith("Must receive a MyNode id.")
     assert executed.data == {"onlyNode": None}
 
 
@@ -143,39 +139,48 @@ def test_node_field_only_lazy_type_wrong():
         % Node.to_global_id("MyOtherNode", 1)
     )
     assert len(executed.errors) == 1
-    assert str(executed.errors[0]) == "Must receive a MyNode id."
+    assert str(executed.errors[0]).startswith("Must receive a MyNode id.")
     assert executed.data == {"onlyNodeLazy": None}
 
 
 def test_str_schema():
-    assert (
-        str(schema)
-        == """
-schema {
-  query: RootQuery
-}
-
-type MyNode implements Node {
-  id: ID!
-  name: String
-}
-
-type MyOtherNode implements Node {
-  id: ID!
-  shared: String
-  somethingElse: String
-  extraField: String
-}
-
-interface Node {
-  id: ID!
-}
-
-type RootQuery {
-  first: String
-  node(id: ID!): Node
-  onlyNode(id: ID!): MyNode
-  onlyNodeLazy(id: ID!): MyNode
-}
-""".lstrip()
+    assert (str(schema) == dedent(
+        '''
+        schema {
+          query: RootQuery
+        }
+        
+        type MyNode implements Node {
+          """The ID of the object"""
+          id: ID!
+          name: String
+        }
+        
+        type MyOtherNode implements Node {
+          """The ID of the object"""
+          id: ID!
+          shared: String
+          somethingElse: String
+          extraField: String
+        }
+        
+        """An object with an ID"""
+        interface Node {
+          """The ID of the object"""
+          id: ID!
+        }
+        
+        type RootQuery {
+          first: String
+          
+          """The ID of the object"""
+          node(id: ID!): Node
+          
+          """The ID of the object"""
+          onlyNode(id: ID!): MyNode
+          
+          """The ID of the object"""
+          onlyNodeLazy(id: ID!): MyNode
+        }
+        ''')
     )
diff --git a/graphene/relay/tests/test_node_custom.py b/graphene/relay/tests/test_node_custom.py
index 07e50a1b..967bbead 100644
--- a/graphene/relay/tests/test_node_custom.py
+++ b/graphene/relay/tests/test_node_custom.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-from graphql import graphql
+from graphql import graphql_sync
+from graphql.pyutils import dedent
 
 from ...types import Interface, ObjectType, Schema
 from ...types.scalars import Int, String
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ class CustomNode(Node):
 
     @staticmethod
     def get_node_from_global_id(info, id, only_type=None):
-        assert info.schema == schema
+        assert info.schema is graphql_schema
         if id in user_data:
             return user_data.get(id)
         else:
@@ -23,14 +24,14 @@ class CustomNode(Node):
 
 
 class BasePhoto(Interface):
-    width = Int()
+    width = Int(description="The width of the photo in pixels")
 
 
 class User(ObjectType):
     class Meta:
         interfaces = [CustomNode]
 
-    name = String()
+    name = String(description="The full name of the user")
 
 
 class Photo(ObjectType):
@@ -48,37 +49,47 @@ class RootQuery(ObjectType):
 
 
 schema = Schema(query=RootQuery, types=[User, Photo])
+graphql_schema = schema.graphql_schema
 
 
 def test_str_schema_correct():
-    assert (
-        str(schema)
-        == """schema {
-  query: RootQuery
-}
-
-interface BasePhoto {
-  width: Int
-}
-
-interface Node {
-  id: ID!
-}
-
-type Photo implements Node, BasePhoto {
-  id: ID!
-  width: Int
-}
-
-type RootQuery {
-  node(id: ID!): Node
-}
-
-type User implements Node {
-  id: ID!
-  name: String
-}
-"""
+    assert (str(schema) == dedent(
+        '''
+        schema {
+          query: RootQuery
+        }
+        
+        interface BasePhoto {
+          """The width of the photo in pixels"""
+          width: Int
+        }
+        
+        interface Node {
+          """The ID of the object"""
+          id: ID!
+        }
+        
+        type Photo implements Node & BasePhoto {
+          """The ID of the object"""
+          id: ID!
+          
+          """The width of the photo in pixels"""
+          width: Int
+        }
+        
+        type RootQuery {
+          """The ID of the object"""
+          node(id: ID!): Node
+        }
+        
+        type User implements Node {
+          """The ID of the object"""
+          id: ID!
+          
+          """The full name of the user"""
+          name: String
+        }
+        ''')
     )
 
 
@@ -91,7 +102,7 @@ def test_gets_the_correct_id_for_users():
       }
     """
     expected = {"node": {"id": "1"}}
-    result = graphql(schema, query)
+    result = graphql_sync(graphql_schema, query)
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == expected
 
@@ -105,7 +116,7 @@ def test_gets_the_correct_id_for_photos():
       }
     """
     expected = {"node": {"id": "4"}}
-    result = graphql(schema, query)
+    result = graphql_sync(graphql_schema, query)
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == expected
 
@@ -122,7 +133,7 @@ def test_gets_the_correct_name_for_users():
       }
     """
     expected = {"node": {"id": "1", "name": "John Doe"}}
-    result = graphql(schema, query)
+    result = graphql_sync(graphql_schema, query)
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == expected
 
@@ -139,7 +150,7 @@ def test_gets_the_correct_width_for_photos():
       }
     """
     expected = {"node": {"id": "4", "width": 400}}
-    result = graphql(schema, query)
+    result = graphql_sync(graphql_schema, query)
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == expected
 
@@ -154,7 +165,7 @@ def test_gets_the_correct_typename_for_users():
       }
     """
     expected = {"node": {"id": "1", "__typename": "User"}}
-    result = graphql(schema, query)
+    result = graphql_sync(graphql_schema, query)
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == expected
 
@@ -169,7 +180,7 @@ def test_gets_the_correct_typename_for_photos():
       }
     """
     expected = {"node": {"id": "4", "__typename": "Photo"}}
-    result = graphql(schema, query)
+    result = graphql_sync(graphql_schema, query)
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == expected
 
@@ -186,7 +197,7 @@ def test_ignores_photo_fragments_on_user():
       }
     """
     expected = {"node": {"id": "1"}}
-    result = graphql(schema, query)
+    result = graphql_sync(graphql_schema, query)
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == expected
 
@@ -200,7 +211,7 @@ def test_returns_null_for_bad_ids():
       }
     """
     expected = {"node": None}
-    result = graphql(schema, query)
+    result = graphql_sync(graphql_schema, query)
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == expected
 
@@ -239,7 +250,7 @@ def test_have_correct_node_interface():
             ],
         }
     }
-    result = graphql(schema, query)
+    result = graphql_sync(graphql_schema, query)
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == expected
 
@@ -291,6 +302,6 @@ def test_has_correct_node_root_field():
             }
         }
     }
-    result = graphql(schema, query)
+    result = graphql_sync(graphql_schema, query)
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == expected
diff --git a/graphene/tests/issues/test_356.py b/graphene/tests/issues/test_356.py
index 4571aad8..4f3e1066 100644
--- a/graphene/tests/issues/test_356.py
+++ b/graphene/tests/issues/test_356.py
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ def test_issue():
         graphene.Schema(query=Query)
 
     assert str(exc_info.value) == (
-        "IterableConnectionField type have to be a subclass of Connection. "
-        'Received "MyUnion".'
+        "Query fields cannot be resolved:"
+        " IterableConnectionField type has to be a subclass of Connection."
+        ' Received "MyUnion".'
     )
diff --git a/graphene/types/tests/test_datetime.py b/graphene/types/tests/test_datetime.py
index c08af7e7..1fd21c24 100644
--- a/graphene/types/tests/test_datetime.py
+++ b/graphene/types/tests/test_datetime.py
@@ -185,7 +185,6 @@ def test_bad_variables(sample_date, sample_datetime, sample_time):
         # when `input` is not JSON serializable formatting the error message in
         # `graphql.utils.is_valid_value` line 79 fails with a TypeError
         assert isinstance(result.errors[0], GraphQLError)
-        print(result.errors[0])
         assert result.data is None
 
     not_a_date = dict()
diff --git a/graphene/types/tests/test_query.py b/graphene/types/tests/test_query.py
index f23747c0..211c2ec9 100644
--- a/graphene/types/tests/test_query.py
+++ b/graphene/types/tests/test_query.py
@@ -229,11 +229,11 @@ def test_query_arguments():
 
     result = test_schema.execute("{ test }", None)
     assert not result.errors
-    assert result.data == {"test": "[null,{}]"}
+    assert result.data == {"test": '[null,{"a_str":null,"a_int":null}]'}
 
     result = test_schema.execute('{ test(aStr: "String!") }', "Source!")
     assert not result.errors
-    assert result.data == {"test": '["Source!",{"a_str":"String!"}]'}
+    assert result.data == {"test": '["Source!",{"a_str":"String!","a_int":null}]'}
 
     result = test_schema.execute('{ test(aInt: -123, aStr: "String!") }', "Source!")
     assert not result.errors
@@ -258,18 +258,20 @@ def test_query_input_field():
 
     result = test_schema.execute("{ test }", None)
     assert not result.errors
-    assert result.data == {"test": "[null,{}]"}
+    assert result.data == {"test": '[null,{"a_input":null}]'}
 
     result = test_schema.execute('{ test(aInput: {aField: "String!"} ) }', "Source!")
     assert not result.errors
-    assert result.data == {"test": '["Source!",{"a_input":{"a_field":"String!"}}]'}
+    assert result.data == {
+        "test": '["Source!",{"a_input":{"a_field":"String!","recursive_field":null}}]'}
 
     result = test_schema.execute(
         '{ test(aInput: {recursiveField: {aField: "String!"}}) }', "Source!"
     )
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == {
-        "test": '["Source!",{"a_input":{"recursive_field":{"a_field":"String!"}}}]'
+        "test": '["Source!",{"a_input":{"a_field":null,"recursive_field":'
+                '{"a_field":"String!","recursive_field":null}}}]'
     }
 
 
@@ -285,8 +287,7 @@ def test_query_middlewares():
             return "other"
 
     def reversed_middleware(next, *args, **kwargs):
-        p = next(*args, **kwargs)
-        return p.then(lambda x: x[::-1])
+        return next(*args, **kwargs)[::-1]
 
     hello_schema = Schema(Query)
 
@@ -348,10 +349,11 @@ def test_big_list_query_compiled_query_benchmark(benchmark):
             return big_list
 
     hello_schema = Schema(Query)
+    graphql_schema = hello_schema.graphql_schema
     source = Source("{ allInts }")
     query_ast = parse(source)
 
-    big_list_query = partial(execute, hello_schema, query_ast)
+    big_list_query = partial(execute, graphql_schema, query_ast)
     result = benchmark(big_list_query)
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == {"allInts": list(big_list)}
diff --git a/graphene/utils/thenables.py b/graphene/utils/thenables.py
index a3089595..96286992 100644
--- a/graphene/utils/thenables.py
+++ b/graphene/utils/thenables.py
@@ -1,28 +1,15 @@
 """
 This file is used mainly as a bridge for thenable abstractions.
-This includes:
-- Promises
-- Asyncio Coroutines
 """
 
-try:
-    from promise import Promise, is_thenable  # type: ignore
-except ImportError:
-
-    class Promise(object):  # type: ignore
-        pass
-
-    def is_thenable(obj):  # type: ignore
-        return False
+from inspect import isawaitable
 
 
-try:
-    from inspect import isawaitable
-    from .thenables_asyncio import await_and_execute
-except ImportError:
+def await_and_execute(obj, on_resolve):
+    async def build_resolve_async():
+        return on_resolve(await obj)
 
-    def isawaitable(obj):  # type: ignore
-        return False
+    return build_resolve_async()
 
 
 def maybe_thenable(obj, on_resolve):
@@ -31,12 +18,8 @@ def maybe_thenable(obj, on_resolve):
     returning the same type of object inputed.
     If the object is not thenable, it should return on_resolve(obj)
     """
-    if isawaitable(obj) and not isinstance(obj, Promise):
+    if isawaitable(obj):
         return await_and_execute(obj, on_resolve)
 
-    if is_thenable(obj):
-        return Promise.resolve(obj).then(on_resolve)
-
-    # If it's not awaitable not a Promise, return
-    # the function executed over the object
+    # If it's not awaitable, return the function executed over the object
     return on_resolve(obj)
diff --git a/graphene/utils/thenables_asyncio.py b/graphene/utils/thenables_asyncio.py
deleted file mode 100644
index d5f93182..00000000
--- a/graphene/utils/thenables_asyncio.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-def await_and_execute(obj, on_resolve):
-    async def build_resolve_async():
-        return on_resolve(await obj)
-
-    return build_resolve_async()
diff --git a/tests_asyncio/test_relay_connection.py b/tests_asyncio/test_relay_connection.py
index ec86fef6..67ee2ee4 100644
--- a/tests_asyncio/test_relay_connection.py
+++ b/tests_asyncio/test_relay_connection.py
@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
-import pytest
-
-from collections import OrderedDict
-from graphql.execution.executors.asyncio import AsyncioExecutor
+from pytest import mark
 
 from graphql_relay.utils import base64
 
@@ -27,14 +24,14 @@ class LetterConnection(Connection):
 class Query(ObjectType):
     letters = ConnectionField(LetterConnection)
     connection_letters = ConnectionField(LetterConnection)
-    promise_letters = ConnectionField(LetterConnection)
+    async_letters = ConnectionField(LetterConnection)
 
     node = Node.Field()
 
     def resolve_letters(self, info, **args):
         return list(letters.values())
 
-    async def resolve_promise_letters(self, info, **args):
+    async def resolve_async_letters(self, info, **args):
         return list(letters.values())
 
     def resolve_connection_letters(self, info, **args):
@@ -48,9 +45,7 @@ class Query(ObjectType):
 
 schema = Schema(Query)
 
-letters = OrderedDict()
-for i, letter in enumerate(letter_chars):
-    letters[letter] = Letter(id=i, letter=letter)
+letters = {letter: Letter(id=i, letter=letter) for i, letter in enumerate(letter_chars)}
 
 
 def edges(selected_letters):
@@ -96,12 +91,12 @@ def execute(args=""):
     )
 
 
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_connection_promise():
-    result = await schema.execute(
+@mark.asyncio
+async def test_connection_async():
+    result = await schema.execute_async(
         """
     {
-        promiseLetters(first:1) {
+        asyncLetters(first:1) {
             edges {
                 node {
                     id
@@ -115,13 +110,11 @@ async def test_connection_promise():
         }
     }
     """,
-        executor=AsyncioExecutor(),
-        return_promise=True,
     )
 
     assert not result.errors
     assert result.data == {
-        "promiseLetters": {
+        "asyncLetters": {
             "edges": [{"node": {"id": "TGV0dGVyOjA=", "letter": "A"}}],
             "pageInfo": {"hasPreviousPage": False, "hasNextPage": True},
         }
diff --git a/tests_asyncio/test_relay_mutation.py b/tests_asyncio/test_relay_mutation.py
index f63ae193..011557d5 100644
--- a/tests_asyncio/test_relay_mutation.py
+++ b/tests_asyncio/test_relay_mutation.py
@@ -42,11 +42,11 @@ class OtherMutation(ClientIDMutation):
 
     @staticmethod
     def mutate_and_get_payload(
-        self, info, shared="", additional_field="", client_mutation_id=None
+        self, info, shared, additional_field, client_mutation_id=None
     ):
         edge_type = MyEdge
         return OtherMutation(
-            name=shared + additional_field,
+            name=(shared or "") + (additional_field or ""),
             my_node_edge=edge_type(cursor="1", node=MyNode(name="name")),
         )