description: Use Bootstrap's JavaScript modal plugin to add dialogs to your site for lightboxes, user notifications, or completely custom content.
group: components
toc: true
---
## How it works
Before getting started with Bootstrap's modal component, be sure to read the following as our menu options have recently changed.
- Modals are built with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. They're positioned over everything else in the document and remove scroll from the `<body>` so that modal content scrolls instead.
- Clicking on the modal "backdrop" will automatically close the modal.
- Bootstrap only supports one modal window at a time. Nested modals aren't supported as we believe them to be poor user experiences.
- Modals use `position: fixed`, which can sometimes be a bit particular about its rendering. Whenever possible, place your modal HTML in a top-level position to avoid potential interference from other elements. You'll likely run into issues when nesting a `.modal` within another fixed element.
- Once again, due to `position: fixed`, there are some caveats with using modals on mobile devices. [See our browser support docs]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/getting-started/browsers-devices/#modals-and-dropdowns-on-mobile) for details.
- Due to how HTML5 defines its semantics, [the `autofocus` HTML attribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input#attr-autofocus) has no effect in Bootstrap modals. To achieve the same effect, use some custom JavaScript:
Below is a _static_ modal example (meaning its `position` and `display` have been overridden). Included are the modal header, modal body (required for `padding`), and modal footer (optional). We ask that you include modal headers with dismiss actions whenever possible, or provide another explicit dismiss action.
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
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[Tooltips]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/components/tooltips/) and [popovers]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/components/popovers/) can be placed within modals as needed. When modals are closed, any tooltips and popovers within are also automatically dismissed.
<p>This <ahref="#"role="button"class="btn btn-secondary popover-test"title="Popover title"data-content="Popover body content is set in this attribute."data-container="#exampleModalPopovers">button</a> triggers a popover on click.</p>
<hr>
<h5>Tooltips in a modal</h5>
<p><ahref="#"class="tooltip-test"title="Tooltip"data-container="#exampleModalPopovers">This link</a> and <ahref="#"class="tooltip-test"title="Tooltip"data-container="#exampleModalPopovers">that link</a> have tooltips on hover.</p>
<p>This <ahref="#"role="button"class="btn btn-secondary popover-test"title="Popover title"data-content="Popover body content is set in this attribute.">button</a> triggers a popover on click.</p>
<hr>
<h5>Tooltips in a modal</h5>
<p><ahref="#"class="tooltip-test"title="Tooltip">This link</a> and <ahref="#"class="tooltip-test"title="Tooltip">that link</a> have tooltips on hover.</p>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
### Using the grid
Utilize the Bootstrap grid system within a modal by nesting `.container-fluid` within the `.modal-body`. Then, use the normal grid system classes as you would anywhere else.
Have a bunch of buttons that all trigger the same modal with slightly different contents? Use `event.relatedTarget` and [HTML `data-*` attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/HTML/Howto/Use_data_attributes) (possibly [via jQuery](https://api.jquery.com/data/)) to vary the contents of the modal depending on which button was clicked.
Below is a live demo followed by example HTML and JavaScript. For more information, [read the modal events docs](#events) for details on `relatedTarget`.
{% example html %}
<buttontype="button"class="btn btn-primary"data-toggle="modal"data-target="#exampleModal"data-whatever="@mdo">Open modal for @mdo</button>
<buttontype="button"class="btn btn-primary"data-toggle="modal"data-target="#exampleModal"data-whatever="@fat">Open modal for @fat</button>
<buttontype="button"class="btn btn-primary"data-toggle="modal"data-target="#exampleModal"data-whatever="@getbootstrap">Open modal for @getbootstrap</button>
If the height of a modal changes while it is open, you should call `$('#myModal').modal('handleUpdate')` to readjust the modal's position in case a scrollbar appears.
Be sure to add `role="dialog"` and `aria-labelledby="..."`, referencing the modal title, to `.modal`, and `role="document"` to the `.modal-dialog` itself. Additionally, you may give a description of your modal dialog with `aria-describedby` on `.modal`.
### Embedding YouTube videos
Embedding YouTube videos in modals requires additional JavaScript not in Bootstrap to automatically stop playback and more. [See this helpful Stack Overflow post](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18622508/bootstrap-3-and-youtube-in-modal) for more information.
## Optional sizes
Modals have two optional sizes, available via modifier classes to be placed on a `.modal-dialog`. These sizes kick in at certain breakpoints to avoid horizontal scrollbars on narrower viewports.
The modal plugin toggles your hidden content on demand, via data attributes or JavaScript. It also adds `.modal-open` to the `<body>` to override default scrolling behavior and generates a `.modal-backdrop` to provide a click area for dismissing shown modals when clicking outside the modal.
### Via data attributes
Activate a modal without writing JavaScript. Set `data-toggle="modal"` on a controller element, like a button, along with a `data-target="#foo"` or `href="#foo"` to target a specific modal to toggle.
<td>boolean or the string <code>'static'</code></td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Includes a modal-backdrop element. Alternatively, specify <code>static</code> for a backdrop which doesn't close the modal on click.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>keyboard</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Closes the modal when escape key is pressed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>focus</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Puts the focus on the modal when initialized.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>show</td>
<td>boolean</td>
<td>true</td>
<td>Shows the modal when initialized.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Methods
{% capture callout-include %}{% include callout-danger-async-methods.md %}{% endcapture %}
{{ callout-include | markdownify }}
#### `.modal(options)`
Activates your content as a modal. Accepts an optional options `object`.
{% highlight js %}
$('#myModal').modal({
keyboard: false
})
{% endhighlight %}
#### `.modal('toggle')`
Manually toggles a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown or hidden** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.modal` or `hidden.bs.modal` event occurs).
Bootstrap's modal class exposes a few events for hooking into modal functionality. All modal events are fired at the modal itself (i.e. at the `<div class="modal">`).
<td>This event fires immediately when the <code>show</code> instance method is called. If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the <code>relatedTarget</code> property of the event.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shown.bs.modal</td>
<td>This event is fired when the modal has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the <code>relatedTarget</code> property of the event.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hide.bs.modal</td>
<td>This event is fired immediately when the <code>hide</code> instance method has been called.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden.bs.modal</td>
<td>This event is fired when the modal has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
{% highlight js %}
$('#myModal').on('hidden.bs.modal', function (e) {
