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1337 lines
38 KiB
HTML
1337 lines
38 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
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<title>
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Spacing · Bootstrap Material Design
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</title>
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<!-- Twitter -->
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="Bootstrap includes a wide range of shorthand responsive margin and padding utility classes to modify an element's appearance.">
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<meta property="og:title" content="Spacing">
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<meta property="og:description" content="Bootstrap includes a wide range of shorthand responsive margin and padding utility classes to modify an element's appearance.">
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<meta name="description" content="The most popular HTML, CSS, and JS Material Design library in the world.">
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<meta name="author" content="Federico Zivolo and Bootstrap contributors">
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<a class="nav-link " href="/bootstrap-material-design/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Bootstrap');">Home</a>
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<li class="nav-item partner mdbootstrap">
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<a class="nav-link" href="https://mdbootstrap.com/product/material-design-for-bootstrap-pro/?utm_source=7e4bff&utm_id=7e4bff" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Material Design for Boostrap PRO');"
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target="_blank" rel="noopener">Material Design for Bootstrap PRO</a>
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<a class="nav-item nav-link dropdown-toggle mr-md-2" href="#" id="bd-versions" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
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v4.0
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</a>
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<div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right" aria-labelledby="bd-versions">
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<a class="dropdown-item active" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/">Latest (4.x)</a>
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<li class="nav-item">
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<a class="nav-link p-2" href="https://github.com/FezVrasta/bootstrap-material-design" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="GitHub">
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<a class="nav-link p-2" href="https://bootstrap-slack.herokuapp.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="Slack">
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<a class="btn btn-bd-yellow d-none d-lg-inline-block mb-3 mb-md-0 ml-md-3" href="https://github.com/FezVrasta/bootstrap-material-design/releases">Download</a>
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<div class="container-fluid">
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<div class="row flex-xl-nowrap">
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<div class="col-12 col-md-3 col-xl-2 bd-sidebar">
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<form class="bd-search d-flex align-items-center">
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<input type="search" class="form-control" id="search-input" placeholder="Search..." aria-label="Search for..." autocomplete="off">
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<button class="btn-link bd-search-docs-toggle d-md-none p-0 ml-3" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bd-docs-nav" aria-controls="bd-docs-nav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle docs avigation">
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</form>
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<nav class="collapse bd-links" id="bd-docs-nav">
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<div class="bd-toc-item ">
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<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/getting-started/introduction/">
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Getting started
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</a>
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<ul class="nav bd-sidenav">
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/getting-started/introduction/">
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Introduction
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/getting-started/download/">
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Download
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</a>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/getting-started/contents/">
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Contents
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</a>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/getting-started/browsers-devices/">
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Browsers & devices
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/getting-started/javascript/">
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JavaScript
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</a>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/getting-started/options/">
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Options
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/getting-started/build-tools/">
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Build tools
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/getting-started/webpack/">
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Webpack
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/getting-started/accessibility/">
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Accessibility
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="bd-toc-item ">
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<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/layout/overview/">
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Layout
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</a>
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<ul class="nav bd-sidenav">
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/layout/overview/">
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Overview
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/layout/grid/">
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Grid
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/layout/media-object/">
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Media object
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/layout/utilities-for-layout/">
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Utilities for layout
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="bd-toc-item ">
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<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/content/reboot/">
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Content
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</a>
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<ul class="nav bd-sidenav">
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/content/reboot/">
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Reboot
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/content/typography/">
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Typography
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/content/code/">
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Code
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/content/images/">
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Images
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</a>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/content/tables/">
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Tables
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/content/figures/">
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Figures
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="bd-toc-item ">
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<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/alerts/">
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Components
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</a>
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<ul class="nav bd-sidenav">
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/alerts/">
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Alerts
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/badge/">
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Badge
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/breadcrumb/">
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Breadcrumb
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/buttons/">
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Buttons
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/button-group/">
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Button group
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/card/">
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Card
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/carousel/">
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Carousel
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/collapse/">
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Collapse
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/dropdowns/">
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Dropdowns
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/forms/">
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Forms
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/input-group/">
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Input group
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/jumbotron/">
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Jumbotron
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/list-group/">
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List group
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/modal/">
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Modal
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/navs/">
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Navs
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/navbar/">
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Navbar
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/pagination/">
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Pagination
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/popovers/">
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Popovers
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/progress/">
|
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Progress
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/scrollspy/">
|
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Scrollspy
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/tooltips/">
|
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Tooltips
|
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="bd-toc-item ">
|
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<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/buttons/">
|
|
Material Design
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</a>
|
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<ul class="nav bd-sidenav">
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/buttons/">
|
|
Buttons
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/collapse-inline/">
|
|
Collapse inline
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/drawers/">
|
|
Drawers
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/extensions/">
|
|
Extensions
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/forms/">
|
|
Forms
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/labels/">
|
|
Labels
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="">
|
|
<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/list-groups/">
|
|
List groups
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/menus/">
|
|
Menus
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/navs/">
|
|
Navs
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/selections/">
|
|
Selections
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/snackbars/">
|
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Snackbars
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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</ul>
|
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</div>
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<div class="bd-toc-item active">
|
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<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/borders/">
|
|
Utilities
|
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</a>
|
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<ul class="nav bd-sidenav">
|
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/borders/">
|
|
Borders
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/clearfix/">
|
|
Clearfix
|
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</a>
|
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|
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</li>
|
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/close-icon/">
|
|
Close icon
|
|
</a>
|
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|
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</li>
|
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/colors/">
|
|
Colors
|
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</a>
|
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|
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</li>
|
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/display/">
|
|
Display
|
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</a>
|
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|
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</li>
|
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/embed/">
|
|
Embed
|
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</a>
|
|
|
|
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/flex/">
|
|
Flex
|
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</a>
|
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|
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|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
|
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<li class="">
|
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<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/float/">
|
|
Float
|
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</a>
|
|
|
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|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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<li class="">
|
|
<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/image-replacement/">
|
|
Image replacement
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
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<li class="">
|
|
<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/position/">
|
|
Position
|
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</a>
|
|
|
|
|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
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|
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<li class="">
|
|
<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/screenreaders/">
|
|
Screenreaders
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="">
|
|
<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/sizing/">
|
|
Sizing
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
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</li>
|
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|
|
<li class="active bd-sidenav-active">
|
|
<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/spacing/">
|
|
Spacing
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
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</li>
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
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<li class="">
|
|
<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/text/">
|
|
Text
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="">
|
|
<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/vertical-align/">
|
|
Vertical align
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="">
|
|
<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/visibility/">
|
|
Visibility
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
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|
|
<div class="bd-toc-item ">
|
|
<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/extend/icons/">
|
|
Extend
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
<ul class="nav bd-sidenav">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="">
|
|
<a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/extend/icons/">
|
|
Icons
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
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|
|
<div class="bd-toc-item ">
|
|
<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/migration/">
|
|
Migration
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
<ul class="nav bd-sidenav">
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="d-none d-xl-block col-xl-2 bd-toc">
|
|
<ul class="section-nav">
|
|
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#how-it-works">How it works</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#notation">Notation</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#examples">Examples</a>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li class="toc-entry toc-h3"><a href="#horizontal-centering">Horizontal centering</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<main class="col-12 col-md-9 col-xl-8 py-md-3 pl-md-5 bd-content" role="main">
|
|
<h1 class="bd-title" id="content">Spacing</h1>
|
|
<p class="bd-lead">Bootstrap includes a wide range of shorthand responsive margin and padding utility classes to modify an element's appearance.</p>
|
|
<script async type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.carbonads.com/carbon.js?zoneid=1673&serve=C6AILKT&placement=fezvrastagithubiobootstrapmateri" id="_carbonads_js"></script>
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="how-it-works">How it works</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>Assign responsive-friendly <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">padding</code> values to an element or a subset of its sides with shorthand classes. Includes support for individual properties, all properties, and vertical and horizontal properties. Classes are built from a default Sass map ranging from <code class="highlighter-rouge">.25rem</code> to <code class="highlighter-rouge">3rem</code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="notation">Notation</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>Spacing utilities that apply to all breakpoints, from <code class="highlighter-rouge">xs</code> to <code class="highlighter-rouge">xl</code>, have no breakpoint abbreviation in them. This is because those classes are applied from <code class="highlighter-rouge">min-width: 0</code> and up, and thus are not bound by a media query. The remaining breakpoints, however, do include a breakpoint abbreviation.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The classes are named using the format <code class="highlighter-rouge"><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">property</span><span class="p">}{</span><span class="err">sides</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">size</span><span class="p">}</span></code> for <code class="highlighter-rouge">xs</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge"><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">property</span><span class="p">}{</span><span class="err">sides</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">breakpoint</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">size</span><span class="p">}</span></code> for <code class="highlighter-rouge">sm</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">md</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">lg</code>, and <code class="highlighter-rouge">xl</code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Where <em>property</em> is one of:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">m</code> - for classes that set <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code></li>
|
|
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">p</code> - for classes that set <code class="highlighter-rouge">padding</code></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
<p>Where <em>sides</em> is one of:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">t</code> - for classes that set <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-top</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">padding-top</code></li>
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<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">b</code> - for classes that set <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">padding-bottom</code></li>
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<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">l</code> - for classes that set <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-left</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">padding-left</code></li>
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<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">r</code> - for classes that set <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-right</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">padding-right</code></li>
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<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">x</code> - for classes that set both <code class="highlighter-rouge">*-left</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">*-right</code></li>
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<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">y</code> - for classes that set both <code class="highlighter-rouge">*-top</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">*-bottom</code></li>
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<li>blank - for classes that set a <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">padding</code> on all 4 sides of the element</li>
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</ul>
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<p>Where <em>size</em> is one of:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">0</code> - for classes that eliminate the <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">padding</code> by setting it to <code class="highlighter-rouge">0</code></li>
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<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">1</code> - (by default) for classes that set the <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">padding</code> to <code class="highlighter-rouge">$spacer * .25</code></li>
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<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">2</code> - (by default) for classes that set the <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">padding</code> to <code class="highlighter-rouge">$spacer * .5</code></li>
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<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">3</code> - (by default) for classes that set the <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">padding</code> to <code class="highlighter-rouge">$spacer</code></li>
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<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">4</code> - (by default) for classes that set the <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">padding</code> to <code class="highlighter-rouge">$spacer * 1.5</code></li>
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<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">5</code> - (by default) for classes that set the <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">padding</code> to <code class="highlighter-rouge">$spacer * 3</code></li>
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</ul>
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<p>(You can add more sizes by adding entries to the <code class="highlighter-rouge">$spacers</code> Sass map variable.)</p>
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<h2 id="examples">Examples</h2>
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<p>Here are some representative examples of these classes:</p>
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<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="nc">.mt-0</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nl">margin-top</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">0</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">important</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="nc">.ml-1</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nl">margin-left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$spacer</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">.25</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">important</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="nc">.px-2</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="nl">padding-left</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$spacer</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">.5</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">important</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="nl">padding-right</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$spacer</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">.5</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">important</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="nc">.p-3</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
|
<span class="nl">padding</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nv">$spacer</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">important</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span></code></pre></figure>
|
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<h3 id="horizontal-centering">Horizontal centering</h3>
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<p>Additionally, Bootstrap also includes an <code class="highlighter-rouge">.mx-auto</code> class for horizontally centering fixed-width block level content—that is, content that has <code class="highlighter-rouge">display: block</code> and a <code class="highlighter-rouge">width</code> set—by setting the horizontal margins to <code class="highlighter-rouge">auto</code>.</p>
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<div class="bd-example">
|
|
<div class="mx-auto" style="width: 200px; background-color: rgba(86,61,124,.15);">
|
|
Centered element
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt"><div</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"mx-auto"</span> <span class="na">style=</span><span class="s">"width: 200px;"</span><span class="nt">></span>
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Centered element
|
|
<span class="nt"></div></span></code></pre></figure>
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// If it's a title we remove the anchor so it does not jump.
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window.location.href = url;
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transformData: function (hits) {
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return hits.map(function (hit) {
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hit.url = hit.url.replace('https://v4-alpha.getbootstrap.com', '/docs/4.0');
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