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			1645 lines
		
	
	
		
			51 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			HTML
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			1645 lines
		
	
	
		
			51 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			HTML
		
	
	
	
	
	
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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  <head>
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
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<title>
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    Reboot · Bootstrap Material Design
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</title>
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<!-- Twitter -->
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<meta name="twitter:site" content="@FezVrasta">
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  <meta name="twitter:description" content="Reboot, a collection of element-specific CSS changes in a single file, kickstart Bootstrap to provide an elegant, consistent, and simple baseline to build upon.">
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  <meta property="og:description" content="Reboot, a collection of element-specific CSS changes in a single file, kickstart Bootstrap to provide an elegant, consistent, and simple baseline to build upon.">
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<meta name="description" content="The most popular HTML, CSS, and JS Material Design library in the world.">
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<meta name="author" content="Federico Zivolo and Bootstrap contributors">
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        <a class="dropdown-item active" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/">Latest (4.x)</a>
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  <a class="btn btn-bd-yellow d-none d-lg-inline-block mb-3 mb-md-0 ml-md-3" href="https://github.com/FezVrasta/bootstrap-material-design/releases">Download</a>
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</header>
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        Getting started
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              JavaScript
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              Build tools
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              Webpack
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            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/getting-started/accessibility/">
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              Accessibility
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  <div class="bd-toc-item ">
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      <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/layout/overview/">
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        Layout
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              Overview
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              Grid
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              Media object
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 | 
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 | 
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            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/navs/">
 | 
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              Navs
 | 
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 | 
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              Pagination
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              Popovers
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              Scrollspy
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          <li class="">
 | 
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            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/components/tooltips/">
 | 
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              Tooltips
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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  <div class="bd-toc-item ">
 | 
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      <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/buttons/">
 | 
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        Material Design
 | 
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      </a>
 | 
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      <ul class="nav bd-sidenav">
 | 
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/buttons/">
 | 
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              Buttons
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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          </li>
 | 
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/collapse-inline/">
 | 
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              Collapse inline
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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          </li>
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          <li class="">
 | 
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            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/drawers/">
 | 
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              Drawers
 | 
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 | 
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/extensions/">
 | 
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              Extensions
 | 
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          <li class="">
 | 
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            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/forms/">
 | 
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              Forms
 | 
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          </li>
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/labels/">
 | 
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              Labels
 | 
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            </a>
 | 
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 | 
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          </li>
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/list-groups/">
 | 
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              List groups
 | 
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            </a>
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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          </li>
 | 
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 | 
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/menus/">
 | 
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              Menus
 | 
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            </a>
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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          </li>
 | 
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 | 
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/navs/">
 | 
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              Navs
 | 
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            </a>
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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          </li>
 | 
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 | 
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/selections/">
 | 
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              Selections
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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          </li>
 | 
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 | 
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/material-design/snackbars/">
 | 
						||
              Snackbars
 | 
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            </a>
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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          </li>
 | 
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 | 
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      </ul>
 | 
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    </div>
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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  <div class="bd-toc-item ">
 | 
						||
      <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/borders/">
 | 
						||
        Utilities
 | 
						||
      </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
      <ul class="nav bd-sidenav">
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/borders/">
 | 
						||
              Borders
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
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          </li>
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
						||
          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/clearfix/">
 | 
						||
              Clearfix
 | 
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            </a>
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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          </li>
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/close-icon/">
 | 
						||
              Close icon
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
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          </li>
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/colors/">
 | 
						||
              Colors
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
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          </li>
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/display/">
 | 
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              Display
 | 
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            </a>
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
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          </li>
 | 
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          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/embed/">
 | 
						||
              Embed
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
						||
          </li>
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/flex/">
 | 
						||
              Flex
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
						||
          </li>
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/float/">
 | 
						||
              Float
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
						||
          </li>
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
          
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/image-replacement/">
 | 
						||
              Image replacement
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
						||
          </li>
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
          
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/position/">
 | 
						||
              Position
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
						||
          </li>
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
          
 | 
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 | 
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 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/screenreaders/">
 | 
						||
              Screenreaders
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
						||
          </li>
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/sizing/">
 | 
						||
              Sizing
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
						||
          </li>
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/spacing/">
 | 
						||
              Spacing
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
						||
          </li>
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/text/">
 | 
						||
              Text
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
						||
          </li>
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/vertical-align/">
 | 
						||
              Vertical align
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
						||
          </li>
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/visibility/">
 | 
						||
              Visibility
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
						||
          </li>
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
      </ul>
 | 
						||
    </div>
 | 
						||
  
 | 
						||
  
 | 
						||
  
 | 
						||
  
 | 
						||
  
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
  
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
  <div class="bd-toc-item ">
 | 
						||
      <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/extend/icons/">
 | 
						||
        Extend
 | 
						||
      </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
      <ul class="nav bd-sidenav">
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          <li class="">
 | 
						||
            <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/extend/icons/">
 | 
						||
              Icons
 | 
						||
            </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
            
 | 
						||
          </li>
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
      </ul>
 | 
						||
    </div>
 | 
						||
  
 | 
						||
  
 | 
						||
  
 | 
						||
  
 | 
						||
  
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
  
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
  <div class="bd-toc-item ">
 | 
						||
      <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/migration/">
 | 
						||
        Migration
 | 
						||
      </a>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
      <ul class="nav bd-sidenav">
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
      </ul>
 | 
						||
    </div>
 | 
						||
  
 | 
						||
</nav>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
        </div>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
          <div class="d-none d-xl-block col-xl-2 bd-toc">
 | 
						||
            <ul class="section-nav">
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#approach">Approach</a></li>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#page-defaults">Page defaults</a></li>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#native-font-stack">Native font stack</a></li>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#headings-and-paragraphs">Headings and paragraphs</a></li>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#lists">Lists</a></li>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#preformatted-text">Preformatted text</a></li>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#tables">Tables</a></li>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#forms">Forms</a></li>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#misc-elements">Misc elements</a>
 | 
						||
<ul>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h3"><a href="#address">Address</a></li>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h3"><a href="#blockquote">Blockquote</a></li>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h3"><a href="#inline-elements">Inline elements</a></li>
 | 
						||
</ul>
 | 
						||
</li>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#html5-hidden-attribute">HTML5 [hidden] attribute</a>
 | 
						||
<ul>
 | 
						||
<ul>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h4"><a href="#jquery-incompatibility">jQuery incompatibility</a></li>
 | 
						||
</ul>
 | 
						||
</ul>
 | 
						||
</li>
 | 
						||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#click-delay-optimization-for-touch">Click delay optimization for touch</a></li>
 | 
						||
</ul>
 | 
						||
          </div>
 | 
						||
        
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
        <main class="col-12 col-md-9 col-xl-8 py-md-3 pl-md-5 bd-content" role="main">
 | 
						||
          <h1 class="bd-title" id="content">Reboot</h1>
 | 
						||
          <p class="bd-lead">Reboot, a collection of element-specific CSS changes in a single file, kickstart Bootstrap to provide an elegant, consistent, and simple baseline to build upon.</p>
 | 
						||
          <script async type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.carbonads.com/carbon.js?zoneid=1673&serve=C6AILKT&placement=fezvrastagithubiobootstrapmateri" id="_carbonads_js"></script>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
          <h2 id="approach">Approach</h2>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>Reboot builds upon Normalize, providing many HTML elements with somewhat opinionated styles using only element selectors. Additional styling is done only with classes. For example, we reboot some <code class="highlighter-rouge"><table></code> styles for a simpler baseline and later provide <code class="highlighter-rouge">.table</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">.table-bordered</code>, and more.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>Here are our guidelines and reasons for choosing what to override in Reboot:</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<ul>
 | 
						||
  <li>Update some browser default values to use <code class="highlighter-rouge">rem</code>s instead of <code class="highlighter-rouge">em</code>s for scalable component spacing.</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Avoid <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-top</code>. Vertical margins can collapse, yielding unexpected results. More importantly though, a single direction of <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> is a simpler mental model.</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>For easier scaling across device sizes, block elements should use <code class="highlighter-rouge">rem</code>s for <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code>s.</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Keep declarations of <code class="highlighter-rouge">font</code>-related properties to a minimum, using <code class="highlighter-rouge">inherit</code> whenever possible.</li>
 | 
						||
</ul>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<h2 id="page-defaults">Page defaults</h2>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge"><span class="nt"><html></span></code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge"><body></code> elements are updated to provide better page-wide defaults. More specifically:</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<ul>
 | 
						||
  <li>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">box-sizing</code> is globally set on every element—including <code class="highlighter-rouge">*:before</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">*:after</code>, to <code class="highlighter-rouge">border-box</code>. This ensures that the declared width of element is never exceeded due to padding or border.
 | 
						||
    <ul>
 | 
						||
      <li>No base <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-size</code> is declared on the <code class="highlighter-rouge"><span class="nt"><html></span></code>, but <code class="highlighter-rouge">16px</code> is assumed (the browser default). <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-size: 1rem</code> is applied on the <code class="highlighter-rouge"><body></code> for easy responsive type-scaling via media queries while respecting user preferences and ensuring a more accessible approach.</li>
 | 
						||
    </ul>
 | 
						||
  </li>
 | 
						||
  <li>The <code class="highlighter-rouge"><body></code> also sets a global <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-family</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">line-height</code>, and <code class="highlighter-rouge">text-align</code>. This is inherited later by some form elements to prevent font inconsistencies.</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>For safety, the <code class="highlighter-rouge"><body></code> has a declared <code class="highlighter-rouge">background-color</code>, defaulting to <code class="highlighter-rouge">#fff</code>.</li>
 | 
						||
</ul>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<h2 id="native-font-stack">Native font stack</h2>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>The default web fonts (Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, and Arial) have been dropped in Bootstrap 4 and replaced with a “native font stack” for optimum text rendering on every device and OS. Read more about <a href="https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2015/11/using-system-ui-fonts-practical-guide/">native font stacks in this <em>Smashing Magazine</em> article</a>.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-sass" data-lang="sass"><span class="nv">$font-family-sans-serif</span><span class="p">:</span>
 | 
						||
  <span class="c1">// Safari for OS X and iOS (San Francisco)
 | 
						||
</span>  <span class="nt">-apple-system</span><span class="o">,</span>
 | 
						||
  <span class="c1">// Chrome >= 56 for OS X (San Francisco), Windows, Linux and Android
 | 
						||
</span>  <span class="nt">system-ui</span><span class="o">,</span>
 | 
						||
  <span class="c1">// Chrome < 56 for OS X (San Francisco)
 | 
						||
</span>  <span class="nt">BlinkMacSystemFont</span><span class="o">,</span>
 | 
						||
  <span class="c1">// Windows
 | 
						||
</span>  <span class="s2">"Segoe UI"</span><span class="o">,</span>
 | 
						||
  <span class="c1">// Android
 | 
						||
</span>  <span class="s2">"Roboto"</span><span class="o">,</span>
 | 
						||
  <span class="c1">// Basic web fallback
 | 
						||
</span>  <span class="s2">"Helvetica Neue"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nt">Arial</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nt">sans-serif</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="nt">default</span><span class="o">;</span></code></pre></figure>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>This <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-family</code> is applied to the <code class="highlighter-rouge"><body></code> and automatically inherited globally throughout Bootstrap. To switch the global <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-family</code>, update <code class="highlighter-rouge">$font-family-base</code> and recompile Bootstrap.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<h2 id="headings-and-paragraphs">Headings and paragraphs</h2>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>All heading elements—e.g., <code class="highlighter-rouge"><h1></code>—and <code class="highlighter-rouge"><p></code> are reset to have their <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-top</code> removed. Headings have <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom: .5rem</code> added and paragraphs <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom: 1rem</code> for easy spacing.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<table>
 | 
						||
  <thead>
 | 
						||
    <tr>
 | 
						||
      <th>Heading</th>
 | 
						||
      <th>Example</th>
 | 
						||
    </tr>
 | 
						||
  </thead>
 | 
						||
  <tbody>
 | 
						||
    <tr>
 | 
						||
      <td>
 | 
						||
        <p><code class="highlighter-rouge"><h1></h1></code></p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
      </td>
 | 
						||
      <td><span class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
 | 
						||
    </tr>
 | 
						||
    <tr>
 | 
						||
      <td>
 | 
						||
        <p><code class="highlighter-rouge"><h2></h2></code></p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
      </td>
 | 
						||
      <td><span class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
 | 
						||
    </tr>
 | 
						||
    <tr>
 | 
						||
      <td>
 | 
						||
        <p><code class="highlighter-rouge"><h3></h3></code></p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
      </td>
 | 
						||
      <td><span class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
 | 
						||
    </tr>
 | 
						||
    <tr>
 | 
						||
      <td>
 | 
						||
        <p><code class="highlighter-rouge"><h4></h4></code></p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
      </td>
 | 
						||
      <td><span class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
 | 
						||
    </tr>
 | 
						||
    <tr>
 | 
						||
      <td>
 | 
						||
        <p><code class="highlighter-rouge"><h5></h5></code></p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
      </td>
 | 
						||
      <td><span class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
 | 
						||
    </tr>
 | 
						||
    <tr>
 | 
						||
      <td>
 | 
						||
        <p><code class="highlighter-rouge"><h6></h6></code></p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
      </td>
 | 
						||
      <td><span class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
 | 
						||
    </tr>
 | 
						||
  </tbody>
 | 
						||
</table>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<h2 id="lists">Lists</h2>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>All lists—<code class="highlighter-rouge"><ul></code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge"><ol></code>, and <code class="highlighter-rouge"><dl></code>—have their <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-top</code> removed and a <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom: 1rem</code>. Nested lists have no <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom</code>.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<div class="bd-example">
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<ul>
 | 
						||
  <li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Consectetur adipiscing elit</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Integer molestie lorem at massa</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
 | 
						||
    <ul>
 | 
						||
      <li>Phasellus iaculis neque</li>
 | 
						||
      <li>Purus sodales ultricies</li>
 | 
						||
      <li>Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem</li>
 | 
						||
      <li>Ac tristique libero volutpat at</li>
 | 
						||
    </ul>
 | 
						||
  </li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Aenean sit amet erat nunc</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Eget porttitor lorem</li>
 | 
						||
</ul>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<ol>
 | 
						||
  <li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Consectetur adipiscing elit</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Integer molestie lorem at massa</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Nulla volutpat aliquam velit</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Aenean sit amet erat nunc</li>
 | 
						||
  <li>Eget porttitor lorem</li>
 | 
						||
</ol>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
</div>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>For simpler styling, clear hierarchy, and better spacing, description lists have updated <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code>s. <code class="highlighter-rouge"><dd></code>s reset <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-left</code> to <code class="highlighter-rouge">0</code> and add <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom: .5rem</code>. <code class="highlighter-rouge"><dt></code>s are <strong>bolded</strong>.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<div class="bd-example">
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<dl>
 | 
						||
  <dt>Description lists</dt>
 | 
						||
  <dd>A description list is perfect for defining terms.</dd>
 | 
						||
  <dt>Euismod</dt>
 | 
						||
  <dd>Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem.</dd>
 | 
						||
  <dd>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</dd>
 | 
						||
  <dt>Malesuada porta</dt>
 | 
						||
  <dd>Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</dd>
 | 
						||
</dl>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
</div>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<h2 id="preformatted-text">Preformatted text</h2>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge"><pre></code> element is reset to remove its <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-top</code> and use <code class="highlighter-rouge">rem</code> units for its <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom</code>.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<div class="bd-example">
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<pre>
 | 
						||
.example-element {
 | 
						||
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
</pre>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
</div>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>Tables are slightly adjusted to style <code class="highlighter-rouge"><caption></code>s, collapse borders, and ensure consistent <code class="highlighter-rouge">text-align</code> throughout. Additional changes for borders, padding, and more come with <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/content/tables/">the <code class="highlighter-rouge">.table</code> class</a>.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<div class="bd-example">
 | 
						||
  <table>
 | 
						||
    <caption>
 | 
						||
      This is an example table, and this is its caption to describe the contents.
 | 
						||
    </caption>
 | 
						||
    <thead>
 | 
						||
      <tr>
 | 
						||
        <th>Table heading</th>
 | 
						||
        <th>Table heading</th>
 | 
						||
        <th>Table heading</th>
 | 
						||
        <th>Table heading</th>
 | 
						||
      </tr>
 | 
						||
    </thead>
 | 
						||
    <tbody>
 | 
						||
      <tr>
 | 
						||
        <td>Table cell</td>
 | 
						||
        <td>Table cell</td>
 | 
						||
        <td>Table cell</td>
 | 
						||
        <td>Table cell</td>
 | 
						||
      </tr>
 | 
						||
      <tr>
 | 
						||
        <td>Table cell</td>
 | 
						||
        <td>Table cell</td>
 | 
						||
        <td>Table cell</td>
 | 
						||
        <td>Table cell</td>
 | 
						||
      </tr>
 | 
						||
      <tr>
 | 
						||
        <td>Table cell</td>
 | 
						||
        <td>Table cell</td>
 | 
						||
        <td>Table cell</td>
 | 
						||
        <td>Table cell</td>
 | 
						||
      </tr>
 | 
						||
    </tbody>
 | 
						||
  </table>
 | 
						||
</div>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<h2 id="forms">Forms</h2>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>Various form elements have been rebooted for simpler base styles. Here are some of the most notable changes:</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<ul>
 | 
						||
  <li><code class="highlighter-rouge"><fieldset></code>s have no borders, padding, or margin so they can be easily used as wrappers for individual inputs or groups of inputs.</li>
 | 
						||
  <li><code class="highlighter-rouge"><legend></code>s, like fieldsets, have also been restyled to be displayed as a heading of sorts.</li>
 | 
						||
  <li><code class="highlighter-rouge"><label></code>s are set to <code class="highlighter-rouge">display: inline-block</code> to allow <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> to be applied.</li>
 | 
						||
  <li><code class="highlighter-rouge"><input></code>s, <code class="highlighter-rouge"><select></code>s, <code class="highlighter-rouge"><textarea></code>s, and <code class="highlighter-rouge"><button></code>s are mostly addressed by Normalize, but Reboot removes their <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> and sets <code class="highlighter-rouge">line-height: inherit</code>, too.</li>
 | 
						||
  <li><code class="highlighter-rouge"><textarea></code>s are modified to only be resizable vertically as horizontal resizing often “breaks” page layout.</li>
 | 
						||
</ul>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>These changes, and more, are demonstrated below.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<form class="bd-example">
 | 
						||
  <fieldset>
 | 
						||
    <legend>Example legend</legend>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
    <p>
 | 
						||
      <label for="input">Example input</label>
 | 
						||
      <input type="text" id="input" placeholder="Example input" />
 | 
						||
    </p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
    <p>
 | 
						||
      <label for="select">Example select</label>
 | 
						||
      <select id="select">
 | 
						||
        <option value="">Choose...</option>
 | 
						||
        <optgroup label="Option group 1">
 | 
						||
          <option value="">Option 1</option>
 | 
						||
          <option value="">Option 2</option>
 | 
						||
          <option value="">Option 3</option>
 | 
						||
        </optgroup>
 | 
						||
        <optgroup label="Option group 2">
 | 
						||
          <option value="">Option 4</option>
 | 
						||
          <option value="">Option 5</option>
 | 
						||
          <option value="">Option 6</option>
 | 
						||
        </optgroup>
 | 
						||
      </select>
 | 
						||
    </p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
    <p>
 | 
						||
      <label>
 | 
						||
        <input type="checkbox" value="" />
 | 
						||
        Check this checkbox
 | 
						||
      </label>
 | 
						||
    </p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
    <p>
 | 
						||
      <label>
 | 
						||
        <input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios1" value="option1" checked="" />
 | 
						||
        Option one is this and that
 | 
						||
      </label>
 | 
						||
      <label>
 | 
						||
        <input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios2" value="option2" />
 | 
						||
        Option two is something else that's also super long to demonstrate the wrapping of these fancy form controls.
 | 
						||
      </label>
 | 
						||
      <label>
 | 
						||
        <input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios3" value="option3" disabled="" />
 | 
						||
        Option three is disabled
 | 
						||
      </label>
 | 
						||
    </p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
    <p>
 | 
						||
      <label for="textarea">Example textarea</label>
 | 
						||
      <textarea id="textarea" rows="3"></textarea>
 | 
						||
    </p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
    <p>
 | 
						||
      <label for="time">Example temporal</label>
 | 
						||
      <input type="datetime-local" id="time" />
 | 
						||
    </p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
    <p>
 | 
						||
      <label for="output">Example output</label>
 | 
						||
      <output name="result" id="output">100</output>
 | 
						||
    </p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
    <p>
 | 
						||
      <button type="submit">Button submit</button>
 | 
						||
      <input type="submit" value="Input submit button" />
 | 
						||
      <input type="button" value="Input button" />
 | 
						||
    </p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
    <p>
 | 
						||
      <button type="submit" disabled="">Button submit</button>
 | 
						||
      <input type="submit" value="Input submit button" disabled="" />
 | 
						||
      <input type="button" value="Input button" disabled="" />
 | 
						||
    </p>
 | 
						||
  </fieldset>
 | 
						||
</form>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<h2 id="misc-elements">Misc elements</h2>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<h3 id="address">Address</h3>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge"><address></code> element is updated to reset the browser default <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-style</code> from <code class="highlighter-rouge">italic</code> to <code class="highlighter-rouge">normal</code>. <code class="highlighter-rouge">line-height</code> is also now inherited, and <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom: 1rem</code> has been added. <code class="highlighter-rouge"><address></code>s are for presenting contact information for the nearest ancestor (or an entire body of work). Preserve formatting by ending lines with <code class="highlighter-rouge"><br></code>.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<div class="bd-example">
 | 
						||
  <address>
 | 
						||
    <strong>Twitter, Inc.</strong><br />
 | 
						||
    1355 Market St, Suite 900<br />
 | 
						||
    San Francisco, CA 94103<br />
 | 
						||
    <abbr title="Phone">P:</abbr> (123) 456-7890
 | 
						||
  </address>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
  <address>
 | 
						||
    <strong>Full Name</strong><br />
 | 
						||
    <a href="mailto:#">first.last@example.com</a>
 | 
						||
  </address>
 | 
						||
</div>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<h3 id="blockquote">Blockquote</h3>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>The default <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> on blockquotes is <code class="highlighter-rouge">1em 40px</code>, so we reset that to <code class="highlighter-rouge">0 0 1rem</code> for something more consistent with other elements.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<div class="bd-example">
 | 
						||
  <blockquote class="blockquote">
 | 
						||
    <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
 | 
						||
    <footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
 | 
						||
  </blockquote>
 | 
						||
</div>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<h3 id="inline-elements">Inline elements</h3>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge"><abbr></code> element receives basic styling to make it stand out amongst paragraph text.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<div class="bd-example">
 | 
						||
  Nulla <abbr title="attribute">attr</abbr> vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.
 | 
						||
</div>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<h2 id="html5-hidden-attribute">HTML5 <code class="highlighter-rouge">[hidden]</code> attribute</h2>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>HTML5 adds <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/hidden">a new global attribute named <code class="highlighter-rouge">[hidden]</code></a>, which is styled as <code class="highlighter-rouge">display: none</code> by default. Borrowing an idea from <a href="https://purecss.io">PureCSS</a>, we improve upon this default by making <code class="highlighter-rouge">[hidden] { display: none !important; }</code> to help prevent its <code class="highlighter-rouge">display</code> from getting accidentally overridden. While <code class="highlighter-rouge">[hidden]</code> isn’t natively supported by IE10, the explicit declaration in our CSS gets around that problem.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt"><input</span> <span class="na">type=</span><span class="s">"text"</span> <span class="na">hidden</span><span class="nt">></span></code></pre></figure>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<div class="bd-callout bd-callout-warning">
 | 
						||
<h4 id="jquery-incompatibility">jQuery incompatibility</h4>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">[hidden]</code> is not compatible with jQuery’s <code class="highlighter-rouge">$(...).hide()</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">$(...).show()</code> methods. This could potentially change in jQuery 3, but we’re not holding our breath. Therefore, we don’t currently especially endorse <code class="highlighter-rouge">[hidden]</code> over other techniques for managing the <code class="highlighter-rouge">display</code> of elements.</p>
 | 
						||
</div>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>To merely toggle the visibility of an element, meaning its <code class="highlighter-rouge">display</code> is not modified and the element can still affect the flow of the document, use <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/utilities/visibility/">the <code class="highlighter-rouge">.invisible</code> class</a> instead.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<h2 id="click-delay-optimization-for-touch">Click delay optimization for touch</h2>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>Traditionally, browsers on touchscreen devices have a delay of approximately 300ms between the end of a “tap” – the moment when a finger/stylus is lifted from screen – and the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Events/click"><code class="highlighter-rouge">click</code> event</a> being fired. This delay is necessary for these browsers to correctly handle “double-tap to zoom” gestures without prematurely triggering actions or links after the first “tap”, but it can make your site feel slightly sluggish and unresponsive.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>Most mobile browsers automatically optimize away this 300ms delay for sites that use the <code class="highlighter-rouge">width=device-width</code> property as part of their <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/getting-started/introduction/#responsive-meta-tag">responsive meta tag</a> (as well as for sites that disable zooming, for instance with <code class="highlighter-rouge">user-scalable=no</code>, though this practice is strongly discouraged for accessibility and usability reasons). The biggest exceptions here are IE11 on Windows Phone 8.1, and iOS Safari (and any other iOS WebView-based browser) <a href="https://webkit.org/blog/5610/more-responsive-tapping-on-ios/">prior to iOS 9.3</a>.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>On touch-enabled laptop/desktop devices, IE11 and Microsoft Edge are currently the only browsers with “double-tap to zoom” functionality. As the <a href="/bootstrap-material-design/docs/4.0/getting-started/introduction/#responsive-meta-tag">responsive meta tag</a> is ignored by all desktop browsers, using <code class="highlighter-rouge">width=device-width</code> will have no effect on the 300ms delay here.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>To address this problem in IE11 and Microsoft Edge on desktop, as well as IE11 on Windows Phone 8.1, Bootstrap explicitly uses the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/touch-action"><code class="highlighter-rouge">touch-action:manipulation</code> CSS property</a> on all interactive elements (such as buttons and links). This property essentially disables double-tap functionality on those elements, eliminating the 300ms delay.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>In the case of old iOS versions (prior to 9.3), the suggested approach is to use additional scripts such as <a href="https://github.com/ftlabs/fastclick">FastClick</a> to explicitly work around the delay.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<p>For further details, see the compatibility table for <a href="https://patrickhlauke.github.io/touch/tests/results/#suppressing-300ms-delay">suppressing 300ms delay for touchscreen interactions</a>.</p>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
        </main>
 | 
						||
      </div>
 | 
						||
    </div>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
    <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
 | 
						||
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="/bootstrap-material-design/assets/js/vendor/jquery-slim.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<script src="/bootstrap-material-design/assets/js/vendor/popper.min.js"></script>
 | 
						||
<script src="/bootstrap-material-design/assets/js/vendor/ab.min.js"></script>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
  <script src="/bootstrap-material-design/dist/js/bootstrap-material-design.js"></script>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
  <script src="/bootstrap-material-design/assets/js/vendor/anchor.min.js"></script>
 | 
						||
  <script src="/bootstrap-material-design/assets/js/vendor/clipboard.min.js"></script>
 | 
						||
  <script src="/bootstrap-material-design/assets/js/vendor/holder.min.js"></script>
 | 
						||
  <script src="/bootstrap-material-design/assets/js/src/application.js"></script>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
 | 
						||
<script src="/bootstrap-material-design/assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
 | 
						||
<script src="/bootstrap-material-design/assets/js/ie-emulation-modes-warning.js"></script>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/docsearch.js/2/docsearch.min.js"></script>
 | 
						||
<script type="text/javascript">
 | 
						||
  var docsearch = docsearch({
 | 
						||
    apiKey: '48cb48b22351bc71ea5f12f4d1ede198',
 | 
						||
    indexName: 'bootstrap-v4',
 | 
						||
    inputSelector: '#search-input',
 | 
						||
    handleSelected: function (input, event, suggestion) {
 | 
						||
      var url = suggestion.url;
 | 
						||
      url = suggestion.isLvl1 ? url.split('#')[0]: url;
 | 
						||
      // If it's a title we remove the anchor so it does not jump.
 | 
						||
      window.location.href = url;
 | 
						||
    },
 | 
						||
    transformData: function (hits) {
 | 
						||
      return hits.map(function (hit) {
 | 
						||
        hit.url = hit.url.replace('https://v4-alpha.getbootstrap.com', '/docs/4.0');
 | 
						||
        return hit;
 | 
						||
      });
 | 
						||
    },
 | 
						||
    debug: false // Set debug to true if you want to inspect the dropdown
 | 
						||
  });
 | 
						||
</script>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
<script>
 | 
						||
Holder.addTheme('gray', {
 | 
						||
  bg: '#777',
 | 
						||
  fg: 'rgba(255,255,255,.75)',
 | 
						||
  font: 'Helvetica',
 | 
						||
  fontweight: 'normal'
 | 
						||
})
 | 
						||
</script>
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
  </body>
 | 
						||
</html>
 |