mirror of
https://github.com/psycopg/psycopg2.git
synced 2024-11-29 04:13:43 +03:00
Move pyscopg-binary install docs to "quick start" section
This is the fastest way for most folks to get up-and-running with psycopg. We've seen a lot of noise in the GH issues with people failng to install the non-binary version. Hopefully this will make life easier for people new to psycopg/python. See https://github.com/psycopg/psycopg2/issues/1085#issuecomment-659028139
This commit is contained in:
Edan Schwartz
parent
cecff195fc
commit
ed3d44562d
|
|
@ -8,27 +8,116 @@ Installation
|
|||
Psycopg is a PostgreSQL_ adapter for the Python_ programming language. It is a
|
||||
wrapper for the libpq_, the official PostgreSQL client library.
|
||||
|
||||
The `psycopg2` package is the current mature implementation of the adapter: it
|
||||
is a C extension and as such it is only compatible with CPython_. If you want
|
||||
to use Psycopg on a different Python implementation (PyPy, Jython, IronPython)
|
||||
there is a couple of alternative:
|
||||
|
||||
- a `Ctypes port`__, but it is not as mature as the C implementation yet
|
||||
and it is not as feature-complete;
|
||||
|
||||
- a `CFFI port`__ which is currently more used and reported more efficient on
|
||||
PyPy, but please be careful of its version numbers because they are not
|
||||
aligned to the official psycopg2 ones and some features may differ.
|
||||
|
||||
.. _PostgreSQL: https://www.postgresql.org/
|
||||
.. _Python: https://www.python.org/
|
||||
.. _libpq: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq.html
|
||||
.. _CPython: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPython
|
||||
.. _Ctypes: https://docs.python.org/library/ctypes.html
|
||||
.. __: https://github.com/mvantellingen/psycopg2-ctypes
|
||||
.. __: https://github.com/chtd/psycopg2cffi
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. index::
|
||||
single: Install; from PyPI
|
||||
single: Install; wheel
|
||||
single: Wheel
|
||||
|
||||
.. _binary-packages:
|
||||
|
||||
Quick Install
|
||||
-------------
|
||||
|
||||
For most operating systems, the quickest way to install psycopg is using the wheel_ package available on PyPI_:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ pip install psycopg2-binary
|
||||
|
||||
This will install a pre-compiled binary version of the module which does not require the build or runtime prerequisites described below. Make sure to sue an up-date-date version of :program:`pip` (you can upgrade it
|
||||
using something like ``pip install -U pip``).
|
||||
|
||||
You may then import the ``psycopg`` package, as usual:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: python
|
||||
|
||||
import psycopg
|
||||
|
||||
# Connect to your postgres DB
|
||||
conn = psycopg.connect("dbname=test user=postgres")
|
||||
|
||||
# Open a cursor to perform database operations
|
||||
cur = conn.cursor()
|
||||
|
||||
# Execute a query
|
||||
cur.execute("SELECT * FROM my_data");
|
||||
|
||||
# Retrieve query results
|
||||
records = cur.fetchall()
|
||||
|
||||
.. __: PyPI-binary_
|
||||
.. _PyPI: https://pypi.org/project/psycopg2-binary/
|
||||
.. _wheel: https://pythonwheels.com/
|
||||
|
||||
psycopg vs psycopg-binary
|
||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
||||
|
||||
The ``psycopg2-binary`` package is meant for beginners to start playing
|
||||
with Python and PostgreSQL without the need to meet the build
|
||||
requirements.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are the maintainer of a published package depending on `!psycopg2`
|
||||
you shouldn't use 'psycopg2-binary' as a module dependency. **For
|
||||
production use you are advised to use the source distribution.**
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The binary packages come with their own versions of a few C libraries,
|
||||
among which ``libpq`` and ``libssl``, which will be used regardless of other
|
||||
libraries available on the client: upgrading the system libraries will not
|
||||
upgrade the libraries used by `!psycopg2`. Please build `!psycopg2` from
|
||||
source if you want to maintain binary upgradeability.
|
||||
|
||||
.. warning::
|
||||
|
||||
The `!psycopg2` wheel package comes packaged, among the others, with its
|
||||
own ``libssl`` binary. This may create conflicts with other extension
|
||||
modules binding with ``libssl`` as well, for instance with the Python
|
||||
`ssl` module: in some cases, under concurrency, the interaction between
|
||||
the two libraries may result in a segfault. In case of doubts you are
|
||||
advised to use a package built from source.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. index::
|
||||
single: Install; disable wheel
|
||||
single: Wheel; disable
|
||||
|
||||
.. _disable-wheel:
|
||||
|
||||
Change in binary packages between Psycopg 2.7 and 2.8
|
||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
||||
|
||||
In version 2.7.x, :command:`pip install psycopg2` would have tried to install
|
||||
automatically the binary package of Psycopg. Because of concurrency problems
|
||||
binary packages have displayed, ``psycopg2-binary`` has become a separate
|
||||
package, and from 2.8 it has become the only way to install the binary
|
||||
package.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are using Psycopg 2.7 and you want to disable the use of wheel binary
|
||||
packages, relying on the system libraries available on your client, you
|
||||
can use the :command:`pip` |--no-binary option|__, e.g.:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ pip install --no-binary :all: psycopg2
|
||||
|
||||
.. |--no-binary option| replace:: ``--no-binary`` option
|
||||
.. __: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/#install-no-binary
|
||||
|
||||
which can be specified in your :file:`requirements.txt` files too, e.g. use:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: none
|
||||
|
||||
psycopg2>=2.7,<2.8 --no-binary psycopg2
|
||||
|
||||
to use the last bugfix release of the `!psycopg2` 2.7 package, specifying to
|
||||
always compile it from source. Of course in this case you will have to meet
|
||||
the :ref:`build prerequisites <build-prerequisites>`.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. index::
|
||||
single: Prerequisites
|
||||
|
|
@ -131,97 +220,6 @@ which is OS-dependent (for instance setting a suitable
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. index::
|
||||
single: Install; from PyPI
|
||||
single: Install; wheel
|
||||
single: Wheel
|
||||
|
||||
.. _binary-packages:
|
||||
|
||||
Binary install from PyPI
|
||||
------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
`!psycopg2` is also `available on PyPI`__ in the form of wheel_ packages for
|
||||
the most common platform (Linux, OSX, Windows): this should make you able to
|
||||
install a binary version of the module, not requiring the above build or
|
||||
runtime prerequisites.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
|
||||
The ``psycopg2-binary`` package is meant for beginners to start playing
|
||||
with Python and PostgreSQL without the need to meet the build
|
||||
requirements.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are the maintainer of a published package depending on `!psycopg2`
|
||||
**you shouldn't use 'psycopg2-binary' as a module dependency**. For
|
||||
production use you are advised to use the source distribution.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Make sure to use an up-to-date version of :program:`pip` (you can upgrade it
|
||||
using something like ``pip install -U pip``), then you can run:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ pip install psycopg2-binary
|
||||
|
||||
.. __: PyPI-binary_
|
||||
.. _PyPI-binary: https://pypi.org/project/psycopg2-binary/
|
||||
.. _wheel: https://pythonwheels.com/
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
|
||||
The binary packages come with their own versions of a few C libraries,
|
||||
among which ``libpq`` and ``libssl``, which will be used regardless of other
|
||||
libraries available on the client: upgrading the system libraries will not
|
||||
upgrade the libraries used by `!psycopg2`. Please build `!psycopg2` from
|
||||
source if you want to maintain binary upgradeability.
|
||||
|
||||
.. warning::
|
||||
|
||||
The `!psycopg2` wheel package comes packaged, among the others, with its
|
||||
own ``libssl`` binary. This may create conflicts with other extension
|
||||
modules binding with ``libssl`` as well, for instance with the Python
|
||||
`ssl` module: in some cases, under concurrency, the interaction between
|
||||
the two libraries may result in a segfault. In case of doubts you are
|
||||
advised to use a package built from source.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. index::
|
||||
single: Install; disable wheel
|
||||
single: Wheel; disable
|
||||
|
||||
.. _disable-wheel:
|
||||
|
||||
Change in binary packages between Psycopg 2.7 and 2.8
|
||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
||||
|
||||
In version 2.7.x, :command:`pip install psycopg2` would have tried to install
|
||||
automatically the binary package of Psycopg. Because of concurrency problems
|
||||
binary packages have displayed, ``psycopg2-binary`` has become a separate
|
||||
package, and from 2.8 it has become the only way to install the binary
|
||||
package.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are using Psycopg 2.7 and you want to disable the use of wheel binary
|
||||
packages, relying on the system libraries available on your client, you
|
||||
can use the :command:`pip` |--no-binary option|__, e.g.:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ pip install --no-binary :all: psycopg2
|
||||
|
||||
.. |--no-binary option| replace:: ``--no-binary`` option
|
||||
.. __: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/#install-no-binary
|
||||
|
||||
which can be specified in your :file:`requirements.txt` files too, e.g. use:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: none
|
||||
|
||||
psycopg2>=2.7,<2.8 --no-binary psycopg2
|
||||
|
||||
to use the last bugfix release of the `!psycopg2` 2.7 package, specifying to
|
||||
always compile it from source. Of course in this case you will have to meet
|
||||
the :ref:`build prerequisites <build-prerequisites>`.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -286,6 +284,29 @@ order to create a debug package:
|
|||
.. __: https://pypi.org/project/psycopg2/#files
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Non-standard Python Implementation
|
||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
||||
|
||||
The `psycopg2` package is the current mature implementation of the adapter: it
|
||||
is a C extension and as such it is only compatible with CPython_. If you want
|
||||
to use Psycopg on a different Python implementation (PyPy, Jython, IronPython)
|
||||
there is a couple of alternative:
|
||||
|
||||
- a `Ctypes port`__, but it is not as mature as the C implementation yet
|
||||
and it is not as feature-complete;
|
||||
|
||||
- a `CFFI port`__ which is currently more used and reported more efficient on
|
||||
PyPy, but please be careful of its version numbers because they are not
|
||||
aligned to the official psycopg2 ones and some features may differ.
|
||||
|
||||
.. _PostgreSQL: https://www.postgresql.org/
|
||||
.. _Python: https://www.python.org/
|
||||
.. _libpq: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq.html
|
||||
.. _CPython: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPython
|
||||
.. _Ctypes: https://docs.python.org/library/ctypes.html
|
||||
.. __: https://github.com/mvantellingen/psycopg2-ctypes
|
||||
.. __: https://github.com/chtd/psycopg2cffi
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. index::
|
||||
single: tests
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user