Compare commits
No commits in common. "master" and "2_4_1" have entirely different histories.
4
.github/FUNDING.yml
vendored
|
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
github:
|
|
||||||
- dvarrazzo
|
|
||||||
custom:
|
|
||||||
- "https://www.paypal.me/dvarrazzo"
|
|
|
@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
---
|
|
||||||
name: Problem installing psycopg2
|
|
||||||
about: Report a case in which psycopg2 failed to install on your platform
|
|
||||||
title: ''
|
|
||||||
labels: ''
|
|
||||||
assignees: ''
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**This is a bug tracker**
|
|
||||||
If you have a question, such has "how do you do X with Python/PostgreSQL/psycopg2" please [write to the mailing list](https://lists.postgresql.org/manage/) or [open a question](https://github.com/psycopg/psycopg2/discussions) instead.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Before opening this ticket, please confirm that:**
|
|
||||||
- [ ] I am running the latest version of pip, i.e. typing ``pip --version`` you get [this version](https://pypi.org/project/pip/).
|
|
||||||
- [ ] I have read the [installation documentation](https://www.psycopg.org/docs/install.html) and the [frequently asked questions](https://www.psycopg.org/docs/faq.html)
|
|
||||||
- [ ] If install failed, I typed `pg_config` on the command line and I obtained an output instead of an error.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Please complete the following information:**
|
|
||||||
- OS:
|
|
||||||
- Psycopg version:
|
|
||||||
- Python version:
|
|
||||||
- PostgreSQL version:
|
|
||||||
- pip version
|
|
27
.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/problem-using-psycopg2.md
vendored
|
@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
---
|
|
||||||
name: Problem using psycopg2
|
|
||||||
about: Report a case in which psycopg2 is not working as expected
|
|
||||||
title: ''
|
|
||||||
labels: ''
|
|
||||||
assignees: ''
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**This is a bug tracker**
|
|
||||||
If you have a question, such has "how do you do X with Python/PostgreSQL/psycopg2" please [write to the mailing list](https://lists.postgresql.org/manage/) or [open a question](https://github.com/psycopg/psycopg2/discussions) instead.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Please complete the following information:**
|
|
||||||
- OS:
|
|
||||||
- Psycopg version:
|
|
||||||
- Python version:
|
|
||||||
- PostgreSQL version:
|
|
||||||
- pip version
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Describe the bug**
|
|
||||||
Please let us know:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
1: what you did
|
|
||||||
2: what you expected to happen
|
|
||||||
3: what happened instead
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If possible, provide a script reproducing the issue.
|
|
6
.github/dependabot.yml
vendored
|
@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
version: 2
|
|
||||||
updates:
|
|
||||||
- package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
|
|
||||||
directory: "/"
|
|
||||||
schedule:
|
|
||||||
interval: "monthly"
|
|
18
.github/workflows/docs.yml
vendored
|
@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
name: Build documentation
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
on:
|
|
||||||
push:
|
|
||||||
branches:
|
|
||||||
# This should match the DOC_BRANCH value in the psycopg-website Makefile
|
|
||||||
- master
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
jobs:
|
|
||||||
docs:
|
|
||||||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
|
||||||
steps:
|
|
||||||
- name: Trigger docs build
|
|
||||||
uses: peter-evans/repository-dispatch@v3
|
|
||||||
with:
|
|
||||||
repository: psycopg/psycopg-website
|
|
||||||
event-type: psycopg2-commit
|
|
||||||
token: ${{ secrets.ACCESS_TOKEN }}
|
|
266
.github/workflows/packages.yml
vendored
|
@ -1,266 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
---
|
|
||||||
name: Build packages
|
|
||||||
on:
|
|
||||||
- workflow_dispatch
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
env:
|
|
||||||
PIP_BREAK_SYSTEM_PACKAGES: "1"
|
|
||||||
LIBPQ_VERSION: "16.0"
|
|
||||||
OPENSSL_VERSION: "1.1.1w"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
jobs:
|
|
||||||
sdist: # {{{
|
|
||||||
if: true
|
|
||||||
strategy:
|
|
||||||
fail-fast: false
|
|
||||||
matrix:
|
|
||||||
include:
|
|
||||||
- package_name: psycopg2
|
|
||||||
- package_name: psycopg2-binary
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
|
||||||
steps:
|
|
||||||
- name: Checkout repos
|
|
||||||
uses: actions/checkout@v4
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Build sdist
|
|
||||||
run: ./scripts/build/build_sdist.sh
|
|
||||||
env:
|
|
||||||
PACKAGE_NAME: ${{ matrix.package_name }}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Upload artifacts
|
|
||||||
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
|
|
||||||
with:
|
|
||||||
name: sdist-${{ matrix.package_name }}
|
|
||||||
path: |
|
|
||||||
dist/*.tar.gz
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
env:
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB: postgres
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_HOST: 172.17.0.1
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_USER: postgres
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_PASSWORD: password
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TEST_FAST: 1
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
services:
|
|
||||||
postgresql:
|
|
||||||
image: postgres:16
|
|
||||||
env:
|
|
||||||
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: password
|
|
||||||
ports:
|
|
||||||
- 5432:5432
|
|
||||||
# Set health checks to wait until postgres has started
|
|
||||||
options: >-
|
|
||||||
--health-cmd pg_isready
|
|
||||||
--health-interval 10s
|
|
||||||
--health-timeout 5s
|
|
||||||
--health-retries 5
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# }}}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
linux: # {{{
|
|
||||||
if: true
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
strategy:
|
|
||||||
fail-fast: false
|
|
||||||
matrix:
|
|
||||||
platform: [manylinux, musllinux]
|
|
||||||
arch: [x86_64, i686, aarch64, ppc64le]
|
|
||||||
pyver: [cp38, cp39, cp310, cp311, cp312, cp313]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
|
||||||
steps:
|
|
||||||
- name: Checkout repos
|
|
||||||
uses: actions/checkout@v4
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Set up QEMU for multi-arch build
|
|
||||||
uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Cache libpq build
|
|
||||||
uses: actions/cache@v4
|
|
||||||
with:
|
|
||||||
path: /tmp/libpq.build
|
|
||||||
key: libpq-${{ env.LIBPQ_VERSION }}-${{ matrix.platform }}-${{ matrix.arch }}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Build wheels
|
|
||||||
uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.23.2
|
|
||||||
env:
|
|
||||||
CIBW_MANYLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE: manylinux2014
|
|
||||||
CIBW_MANYLINUX_I686_IMAGE: manylinux2014
|
|
||||||
CIBW_MANYLINUX_AARCH64_IMAGE: manylinux2014
|
|
||||||
CIBW_MANYLINUX_PPC64LE_IMAGE: manylinux2014
|
|
||||||
CIBW_BUILD: ${{matrix.pyver}}-${{matrix.platform}}_${{matrix.arch}}
|
|
||||||
CIBW_ARCHS_LINUX: auto aarch64 ppc64le
|
|
||||||
CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_LINUX: ./scripts/build/wheel_linux_before_all.sh
|
|
||||||
CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND: >-
|
|
||||||
./scripts/build/strip_wheel.sh {wheel}
|
|
||||||
&& auditwheel repair -w {dest_dir} {wheel}
|
|
||||||
CIBW_TEST_COMMAND: >-
|
|
||||||
export PYTHONPATH={project} &&
|
|
||||||
python -c "import tests; tests.unittest.main(defaultTest='tests.test_suite')"
|
|
||||||
CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_PASS_LINUX: LIBPQ_VERSION OPENSSL_VERSION
|
|
||||||
CIBW_ENVIRONMENT: >-
|
|
||||||
PACKAGE_NAME=psycopg2-binary
|
|
||||||
LIBPQ_BUILD_PREFIX=/host/tmp/libpq.build
|
|
||||||
PATH="$LIBPQ_BUILD_PREFIX/bin:$PATH"
|
|
||||||
LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LIBPQ_BUILD_PREFIX/lib:$LIBPQ_BUILD_PREFIX/lib64"
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB=postgres
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_HOST=172.17.0.1
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_USER=postgres
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_PASSWORD=password
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TEST_FAST=1
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
|
|
||||||
with:
|
|
||||||
name: linux-${{matrix.pyver}}-${{matrix.platform}}_${{matrix.arch}}
|
|
||||||
path: ./wheelhouse/*.whl
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
services:
|
|
||||||
postgresql:
|
|
||||||
image: postgres:16
|
|
||||||
env:
|
|
||||||
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: password
|
|
||||||
ports:
|
|
||||||
- 5432:5432
|
|
||||||
# Set health checks to wait until postgres has started
|
|
||||||
options: >-
|
|
||||||
--health-cmd pg_isready
|
|
||||||
--health-interval 10s
|
|
||||||
--health-timeout 5s
|
|
||||||
--health-retries 5
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# }}}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
macos: # {{{
|
|
||||||
runs-on: macos-latest
|
|
||||||
if: true
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
strategy:
|
|
||||||
fail-fast: false
|
|
||||||
matrix:
|
|
||||||
# These archs require an Apple M1 runner: [arm64, universal2]
|
|
||||||
arch: [x86_64, arm64]
|
|
||||||
pyver: [cp39, cp310, cp311, cp312, cp313]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
steps:
|
|
||||||
- name: Checkout repos
|
|
||||||
uses: actions/checkout@v4
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Cache libpq build
|
|
||||||
uses: actions/cache@v4
|
|
||||||
with:
|
|
||||||
path: /tmp/libpq.build
|
|
||||||
key: libpq-${{ env.LIBPQ_VERSION }}-macos-${{ matrix.arch }}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Build wheels
|
|
||||||
uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.23.2
|
|
||||||
env:
|
|
||||||
CIBW_BUILD: ${{matrix.pyver}}-macosx_${{matrix.arch}}
|
|
||||||
CIBW_ARCHS_MACOS: ${{matrix.arch}}
|
|
||||||
MACOSX_ARCHITECTURE: ${{matrix.arch}}
|
|
||||||
CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_MACOS: ./scripts/build/wheel_macos_before_all.sh
|
|
||||||
CIBW_TEST_COMMAND: >-
|
|
||||||
export PYTHONPATH={project} &&
|
|
||||||
python -c "import tests; tests.unittest.main(defaultTest='tests.test_suite')"
|
|
||||||
CIBW_ENVIRONMENT: >-
|
|
||||||
PG_VERSION=16
|
|
||||||
PACKAGE_NAME=psycopg2-binary
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB=postgres
|
|
||||||
PATH="/tmp/libpq.build/bin:$PATH"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Upload artifacts
|
|
||||||
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
|
|
||||||
with:
|
|
||||||
name: macos-${{matrix.pyver}}-macos-${{matrix.arch}}
|
|
||||||
path: ./wheelhouse/*.whl
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# }}}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
windows: # {{{
|
|
||||||
runs-on: windows-latest
|
|
||||||
if: true
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
strategy:
|
|
||||||
fail-fast: false
|
|
||||||
matrix:
|
|
||||||
arch: [win_amd64]
|
|
||||||
pyver: [cp38, cp39, cp310, cp311, cp312, cp313]
|
|
||||||
package_name: [psycopg2, psycopg2-binary]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
defaults:
|
|
||||||
run:
|
|
||||||
shell: bash
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
steps:
|
|
||||||
# there are some other libpq in PATH
|
|
||||||
- name: Drop spurious libpq in the path
|
|
||||||
run: rm -rf c:/tools/php C:/Strawberry/c/bin
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Checkout repo
|
|
||||||
uses: actions/checkout@v4
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Start PostgreSQL service for test
|
|
||||||
run: |
|
|
||||||
$PgSvc = Get-Service "postgresql*"
|
|
||||||
Set-Service $PgSvc.Name -StartupType manual
|
|
||||||
$PgSvc.Start()
|
|
||||||
shell: powershell
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Export GitHub Actions cache environment variables
|
|
||||||
uses: actions/github-script@v7
|
|
||||||
with:
|
|
||||||
script: |
|
|
||||||
const path = require('path')
|
|
||||||
core.exportVariable('ACTIONS_CACHE_URL', process.env.ACTIONS_CACHE_URL || '');
|
|
||||||
core.exportVariable('ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN', process.env.ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN || '');
|
|
||||||
core.addPath(path.join(process.env.VCPKG_INSTALLATION_ROOT, 'installed/x64-windows-release/lib'));
|
|
||||||
core.addPath(path.join(process.env.VCPKG_INSTALLATION_ROOT, 'installed/x64-windows-release/bin'));
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Create the binary package source tree
|
|
||||||
run: >-
|
|
||||||
sed -i 's/^setup(name="psycopg2"/setup(name="${{matrix.package_name}}"/'
|
|
||||||
setup.py
|
|
||||||
if: ${{ matrix.package_name != 'psycopg2' }}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Build wheels
|
|
||||||
uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.23.2
|
|
||||||
env:
|
|
||||||
VCPKG_BINARY_SOURCES: "clear;x-gha,readwrite" # cache vcpkg
|
|
||||||
CIBW_BUILD: ${{matrix.pyver}}-${{matrix.arch}}
|
|
||||||
CIBW_ARCHS_WINDOWS: AMD64 x86
|
|
||||||
CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_WINDOWS: '.\scripts\build\wheel_win32_before_build.bat'
|
|
||||||
CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND_WINDOWS: >-
|
|
||||||
delvewheel repair -w {dest_dir}
|
|
||||||
--no-mangle "libiconv-2.dll;libwinpthread-1.dll" {wheel}
|
|
||||||
CIBW_TEST_COMMAND: >-
|
|
||||||
set PYTHONPATH={project} &&
|
|
||||||
python -c "import tests; tests.unittest.main(defaultTest='tests.test_suite')"
|
|
||||||
# Note: no fast test because we don't run Windows tests
|
|
||||||
CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_WINDOWS: >-
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB=postgres
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_USER=postgres
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_HOST=localhost
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Upload artifacts
|
|
||||||
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
|
|
||||||
with:
|
|
||||||
name: windows-${{ matrix.package_name }}-${{matrix.pyver}}-${{matrix.arch}}
|
|
||||||
path: ./wheelhouse/*.whl
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# }}}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
merge: # {{{
|
|
||||||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
|
||||||
needs:
|
|
||||||
- sdist
|
|
||||||
- linux
|
|
||||||
- macos
|
|
||||||
- windows
|
|
||||||
steps:
|
|
||||||
- name: Merge Artifacts
|
|
||||||
uses: actions/upload-artifact/merge@v4
|
|
||||||
with:
|
|
||||||
name: psycopg2-artifacts
|
|
||||||
delete-merged: true
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# }}}
|
|
79
.github/workflows/tests.yml
vendored
|
@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
name: Tests
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
env:
|
|
||||||
PIP_BREAK_SYSTEM_PACKAGES: "1"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
on:
|
|
||||||
push:
|
|
||||||
pull_request:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
jobs:
|
|
||||||
linux:
|
|
||||||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
|
||||||
if: true
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
strategy:
|
|
||||||
fail-fast: false
|
|
||||||
matrix:
|
|
||||||
include:
|
|
||||||
- {python: "3.8", postgres: "12"}
|
|
||||||
- {python: "3.9", postgres: "13"}
|
|
||||||
- {python: "3.10", postgres: "14"}
|
|
||||||
- {python: "3.11", postgres: "15"}
|
|
||||||
- {python: "3.12", postgres: "16"}
|
|
||||||
- {python: "3.13", postgres: "17"}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Opposite extremes of the supported Py/PG range, other architecture
|
|
||||||
- {python: "3.8", postgres: "17", architecture: "x86"}
|
|
||||||
- {python: "3.9", postgres: "16", architecture: "x86"}
|
|
||||||
- {python: "3.10", postgres: "15", architecture: "x86"}
|
|
||||||
- {python: "3.11", postgres: "14", architecture: "x86"}
|
|
||||||
- {python: "3.12", postgres: "13", architecture: "x86"}
|
|
||||||
- {python: "3.13", postgres: "12", architecture: "x86"}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
env:
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB: postgres
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_HOST: 127.0.0.1
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_USER: postgres
|
|
||||||
PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_PASSWORD: password
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
services:
|
|
||||||
postgresql:
|
|
||||||
image: postgres:${{ matrix.postgres }}
|
|
||||||
env:
|
|
||||||
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: password
|
|
||||||
ports:
|
|
||||||
- 5432:5432
|
|
||||||
# Set health checks to wait until postgres has started
|
|
||||||
options: >-
|
|
||||||
--health-cmd pg_isready
|
|
||||||
--health-interval 10s
|
|
||||||
--health-timeout 5s
|
|
||||||
--health-retries 5
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
steps:
|
|
||||||
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Can enable to test an unreleased libpq version.
|
|
||||||
- name: install libpq 16
|
|
||||||
if: false
|
|
||||||
run: |
|
|
||||||
set -x
|
|
||||||
rel=$(lsb_release -c -s)
|
|
||||||
echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt ${rel}-pgdg main 16" \
|
|
||||||
| sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list
|
|
||||||
sudo apt-get -qq update
|
|
||||||
pqver=$(apt-cache show libpq5 | grep ^Version: | head -1 \
|
|
||||||
| awk '{print $2}')
|
|
||||||
sudo apt-get -qq -y install "libpq-dev=${pqver}" "libpq5=${pqver}"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- name: Install tox
|
|
||||||
run: pip install "tox < 4"
|
|
||||||
- uses: actions/setup-python@v5
|
|
||||||
with:
|
|
||||||
python-version: ${{ matrix.python }}
|
|
||||||
- name: Run tests
|
|
||||||
env:
|
|
||||||
MATRIX_PYTHON: ${{ matrix.python }}
|
|
||||||
run: tox -e ${MATRIX_PYTHON%-dev}
|
|
||||||
timeout-minutes: 5
|
|
14
.gitignore
vendored
|
@ -4,15 +4,9 @@ MANIFEST
|
||||||
*.pidb
|
*.pidb
|
||||||
*.pyc
|
*.pyc
|
||||||
*.sw[po]
|
*.sw[po]
|
||||||
*.egg-info/
|
|
||||||
dist/*
|
dist/*
|
||||||
/build
|
build/*
|
||||||
|
doc/src/_build/*
|
||||||
|
doc/html/*
|
||||||
|
doc/psycopg2.txt
|
||||||
env
|
env
|
||||||
env?
|
|
||||||
.idea
|
|
||||||
.tox
|
|
||||||
.vscode/
|
|
||||||
/rel
|
|
||||||
/wheels
|
|
||||||
/packages
|
|
||||||
/wheelhouse
|
|
||||||
|
|
2
AUTHORS
|
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ For the win32 port:
|
||||||
Jason Erickson <jerickso@indian.com>
|
Jason Erickson <jerickso@indian.com>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Additional Help:
|
Additional Help:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Peter Fein contributed a logging connection/cursor class that even if it
|
Peter Fein contributed a logging connection/cursor class that even if it
|
||||||
was not used directly heavily influenced the implementation currently in
|
was not used directly heavily influenced the implementation currently in
|
||||||
psycopg2.extras.
|
psycopg2.extras.
|
||||||
|
|
105
INSTALL
|
@ -1,4 +1,103 @@
|
||||||
Installation instructions are included in the docs.
|
Compiling and installing psycopg
|
||||||
|
********************************
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Important note: if you plan to use psyopg2 in a multithreaed application
|
||||||
|
make sure that your libpq has been compiled with the --with-thread-safety
|
||||||
|
option. psycopg2 will work correctly even with a non-thread-safe libpq but
|
||||||
|
libpq will leak memory.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 uses distutils for its build process, so most of the process is
|
||||||
|
executed by the setup.py script. Before building psycopg look at
|
||||||
|
setup.cfg file and change any settings to follow your system (or taste);
|
||||||
|
then:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
python setup.py build
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
to build in the local directory; and:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
python setup.py install
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
to install system-wide.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Common errors and build problems
|
||||||
|
================================
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
One of the most common errors is trying to build psycopg without the right
|
||||||
|
development headers for PostgreSQL, Python or both. If you get errors, look
|
||||||
|
for the following messages and then take the appropriate action:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
libpq-fe.h: No such file or directory
|
||||||
|
PostgreSQL headers are not properly installed on your system or are
|
||||||
|
installed in a non default path. First make sure they are installed, then
|
||||||
|
check setup.cfg and make sure pg_config points to a valid pg_config
|
||||||
|
executable. If you don't have a working pg_config try to play with the
|
||||||
|
include_dirs variable (and note that a working pg_config is better.)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Running the test suite
|
||||||
|
======================
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The included Makefile allows to run all the tests included in the
|
||||||
|
distribution. Just use:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
make
|
||||||
|
make check
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The tests are run against a database called psycopg2_test on unix socket
|
||||||
|
and standard port. You can configure a different database to run the test
|
||||||
|
by setting the environment variables:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- PSYCOPG2_TESTDB
|
||||||
|
- PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_HOST
|
||||||
|
- PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_PORT
|
||||||
|
- PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_USER
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The database should be created before running the tests.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The standard Python unittest is used to run the tests. But if unittest2 is
|
||||||
|
found it will be used instead, with the result of having more informations
|
||||||
|
about skipped tests.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Building the documentation
|
||||||
|
==========================
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In order to build the documentation included in the distribution, use
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
make env
|
||||||
|
make docs
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The first command will install all the dependencies (Sphinx, Docutils) in
|
||||||
|
an 'env' directory in the project tree. The second command will build both
|
||||||
|
the html format (in the 'doc/html' directory) and in plain text
|
||||||
|
(doc/psycopg2.txt)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Using setuptools and EasyInstall
|
||||||
|
================================
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If setuptools are installed on your system you can easily create an egg for
|
||||||
|
psycopg and install it. Download the source distribution (if you're reading
|
||||||
|
this file you probably already have) and then edit setup.cfg to your taste
|
||||||
|
and build from the source distribution top-level directory using:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
easy_install .
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Compiling under Windows with mingw32
|
||||||
|
====================================
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You can compile psycopg under Windows platform with mingw32
|
||||||
|
(http://www.mingw.org/) compiler. MinGW is also shipped with IDEs such as
|
||||||
|
Dev-C++ (http://www.bloodshed.net/devcpp.html) and Code::Blocks
|
||||||
|
(http://www.codeblocks.org). gcc binaries should be in your PATH.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You need a PostgreSQL with include and libary files installed. At least v8.0
|
||||||
|
is required.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
First you need to create a libpython2X.a as described in
|
||||||
|
http://starship.python.net/crew/kernr/mingw32/Notes.html. Then run:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
python setup.py build_ext --compiler=mingw32 install
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Please check the 'doc/src/install.rst' file or online at
|
|
||||||
<https://www.psycopg.org/docs/install.html>.
|
|
||||||
|
|
19
LICENSE
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||||
psycopg2 and the LGPL
|
psycopg2 and the LGPL
|
||||||
---------------------
|
=====================
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
@ -25,14 +25,19 @@ statement from all source files in the program, then also delete it here.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
|
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
|
||||||
along with psycopg2 (see the doc/ directory.)
|
along with psycopg2 (see the doc/ directory.)
|
||||||
If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Alternative licenses
|
Alternative licenses
|
||||||
--------------------
|
====================
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The following BSD-like license applies (at your option) to the files following
|
If you prefer you can use the Zope Database Adapter ZPsycopgDA (i.e.,
|
||||||
the pattern ``psycopg/adapter*.{h,c}`` and ``psycopg/microprotocol*.{h,c}``:
|
every file inside the ZPsycopgDA directory) user the ZPL license as
|
||||||
|
published on the Zope web site, http://www.zope.org/Resources/ZPL.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Also, the following BSD-like license applies (at your option) to the
|
||||||
|
files following the pattern psycopg/adapter*.{h,c} and
|
||||||
|
psycopg/microprotocol*.{h,c}:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
|
Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
|
||||||
including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
|
including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
|
||||||
|
@ -42,8 +47,8 @@ the pattern ``psycopg/adapter*.{h,c}`` and ``psycopg/microprotocol*.{h,c}``:
|
||||||
claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this
|
claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this
|
||||||
software in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation
|
software in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation
|
||||||
would be appreciated but is not required.
|
would be appreciated but is not required.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not
|
2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not
|
||||||
be misrepresented as being the original software.
|
be misrepresented as being the original software.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.
|
3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.
|
||||||
|
|
15
MANIFEST.in
|
@ -1,9 +1,16 @@
|
||||||
recursive-include psycopg *.c *.h *.manifest
|
recursive-include psycopg *.c *.h *.manifest
|
||||||
recursive-include lib *.py
|
recursive-include lib *.py
|
||||||
recursive-include tests *.py
|
recursive-include tests *.py
|
||||||
include doc/README.rst doc/SUCCESS doc/COPYING.LESSER doc/pep-0249.txt
|
recursive-include ZPsycopgDA *.py *.gif *.dtml
|
||||||
include doc/Makefile doc/requirements.txt
|
recursive-include psycopg2da *
|
||||||
|
recursive-include examples *.py somehackers.jpg whereareyou.jpg
|
||||||
|
recursive-include debian *
|
||||||
|
recursive-include doc README HACKING SUCCESS COPYING* ChangeLog-1.x pep-0249.txt
|
||||||
|
recursive-include doc *.txt *.html *.css *.js Makefile
|
||||||
recursive-include doc/src *.rst *.py *.css Makefile
|
recursive-include doc/src *.rst *.py *.css Makefile
|
||||||
|
recursive-include doc/html *
|
||||||
|
prune doc/src/_build
|
||||||
recursive-include scripts *.py *.sh
|
recursive-include scripts *.py *.sh
|
||||||
include AUTHORS README.rst INSTALL LICENSE NEWS
|
include scripts/maketypes.sh scripts/buildtypes.py
|
||||||
include MANIFEST.in setup.py setup.cfg Makefile
|
include AUTHORS README INSTALL LICENSE NEWS ChangeLog
|
||||||
|
include PKG-INFO MANIFEST.in MANIFEST setup.py setup.cfg Makefile
|
||||||
|
|
52
Makefile
|
@ -6,11 +6,12 @@
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# Build the documentation::
|
# Build the documentation::
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# make env (once)
|
# make env
|
||||||
# make docs
|
# make docs
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# Create a source package::
|
# Create a source package::
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
|
# make env # required to build the documentation
|
||||||
# make sdist
|
# make sdist
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# Run the test::
|
# Run the test::
|
||||||
|
@ -20,6 +21,9 @@
|
||||||
PYTHON := python$(PYTHON_VERSION)
|
PYTHON := python$(PYTHON_VERSION)
|
||||||
PYTHON_VERSION ?= $(shell $(PYTHON) -c 'import sys; print ("%d.%d" % sys.version_info[:2])')
|
PYTHON_VERSION ?= $(shell $(PYTHON) -c 'import sys; print ("%d.%d" % sys.version_info[:2])')
|
||||||
BUILD_DIR = $(shell pwd)/build/lib.$(PYTHON_VERSION)
|
BUILD_DIR = $(shell pwd)/build/lib.$(PYTHON_VERSION)
|
||||||
|
ENV_DIR = $(shell pwd)/env/py-$(PYTHON_VERSION)
|
||||||
|
ENV_BIN = $(ENV_DIR)/bin
|
||||||
|
ENV_LIB = $(ENV_DIR)/lib
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SOURCE_C := $(wildcard psycopg/*.c psycopg/*.h)
|
SOURCE_C := $(wildcard psycopg/*.c psycopg/*.h)
|
||||||
SOURCE_PY := $(wildcard lib/*.py)
|
SOURCE_PY := $(wildcard lib/*.py)
|
||||||
|
@ -29,7 +33,8 @@ SOURCE := $(SOURCE_C) $(SOURCE_PY) $(SOURCE_TESTS) $(SOURCE_DOC)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
PACKAGE := $(BUILD_DIR)/psycopg2
|
PACKAGE := $(BUILD_DIR)/psycopg2
|
||||||
PLATLIB := $(PACKAGE)/_psycopg.so
|
PLATLIB := $(PACKAGE)/_psycopg.so
|
||||||
PURELIB := $(patsubst lib/%,$(PACKAGE)/%,$(SOURCE_PY))
|
PURELIB := $(patsubst lib/%,$(PACKAGE)/%,$(SOURCE_PY)) \
|
||||||
|
$(patsubst tests/%,$(PACKAGE)/tests/%,$(SOURCE_TESTS))
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
BUILD_OPT := --build-lib=$(BUILD_DIR)
|
BUILD_OPT := --build-lib=$(BUILD_DIR)
|
||||||
BUILD_EXT_OPT := --build-lib=$(BUILD_DIR)
|
BUILD_EXT_OPT := --build-lib=$(BUILD_DIR)
|
||||||
|
@ -42,7 +47,10 @@ endif
|
||||||
VERSION := $(shell grep PSYCOPG_VERSION setup.py | head -1 | sed -e "s/.*'\(.*\)'/\1/")
|
VERSION := $(shell grep PSYCOPG_VERSION setup.py | head -1 | sed -e "s/.*'\(.*\)'/\1/")
|
||||||
SDIST := dist/psycopg2-$(VERSION).tar.gz
|
SDIST := dist/psycopg2-$(VERSION).tar.gz
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.PHONY: check clean
|
EASY_INSTALL = PYTHONPATH=$(ENV_LIB) $(ENV_BIN)/easy_install-$(PYTHON_VERSION) -d $(ENV_LIB) -s $(ENV_BIN)
|
||||||
|
EZ_SETUP = $(ENV_BIN)/ez_setup.py
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.PHONY: env check clean
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
default: package
|
default: package
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -50,20 +58,36 @@ all: package sdist
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
package: $(PLATLIB) $(PURELIB)
|
package: $(PLATLIB) $(PURELIB)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
docs: docs-html
|
docs: docs-html docs-txt
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
docs-html: doc/html/genindex.html
|
docs-html: doc/html/genindex.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
docs-txt: doc/psycopg2.txt
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# for PyPI documentation
|
# for PyPI documentation
|
||||||
docs-zip: doc/docs.zip
|
docs-zip: doc/docs.zip
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
sdist: $(SDIST)
|
sdist: $(SDIST)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
env:
|
# The environment is currently required to build the documentation.
|
||||||
$(MAKE) -C doc $@
|
# It is not clean by 'make clean'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
env: easy_install
|
||||||
|
mkdir -p $(ENV_BIN)
|
||||||
|
mkdir -p $(ENV_LIB)
|
||||||
|
$(EASY_INSTALL) docutils
|
||||||
|
$(EASY_INSTALL) sphinx
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
easy_install: ez_setup
|
||||||
|
PYTHONPATH=$(ENV_LIB) $(PYTHON) $(EZ_SETUP) -d $(ENV_LIB) -s $(ENV_BIN) setuptools
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ez_setup:
|
||||||
|
mkdir -p $(ENV_BIN)
|
||||||
|
mkdir -p $(ENV_LIB)
|
||||||
|
wget -O $(EZ_SETUP) http://peak.telecommunity.com/dist/ez_setup.py
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
check:
|
check:
|
||||||
PYTHONPATH=$(BUILD_DIR) $(PYTHON) -c "import tests; tests.unittest.main(defaultTest='tests.test_suite')" --verbose
|
PYTHONPATH=$(BUILD_DIR):$(PYTHONPATH) $(PYTHON) -c "from psycopg2 import tests; tests.unittest.main(defaultTest='tests.test_suite')" --verbose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
testdb:
|
testdb:
|
||||||
@echo "* Creating $(TESTDB)"
|
@echo "* Creating $(TESTDB)"
|
||||||
|
@ -89,16 +113,24 @@ $(PACKAGE)/tests/%.py: tests/%.py
|
||||||
$(PYTHON) setup.py build_py $(BUILD_OPT)
|
$(PYTHON) setup.py build_py $(BUILD_OPT)
|
||||||
touch $@
|
touch $@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$(SDIST): $(SOURCE)
|
$(SDIST): docs MANIFEST $(SOURCE)
|
||||||
$(PYTHON) setup.py sdist $(SDIST_OPT)
|
$(PYTHON) setup.py sdist $(SDIST_OPT)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
MANIFEST: MANIFEST.in $(SOURCE)
|
||||||
|
# Run twice as MANIFEST.in includes MANIFEST
|
||||||
|
$(PYTHON) setup.py sdist --manifest-only
|
||||||
|
$(PYTHON) setup.py sdist --manifest-only
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# docs depend on the build as it partly use introspection.
|
# docs depend on the build as it partly use introspection.
|
||||||
doc/html/genindex.html: $(PLATLIB) $(PURELIB) $(SOURCE_DOC)
|
doc/html/genindex.html: $(PLATLIB) $(PURELIB) $(SOURCE_DOC)
|
||||||
$(MAKE) -C doc html
|
PYTHONPATH=$(ENV_LIB):$(BUILD_DIR) $(MAKE) SPHINXBUILD=$(ENV_BIN)/sphinx-build -C doc html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
doc/psycopg2.txt: $(PLATLIB) $(PURELIB) $(SOURCE_DOC)
|
||||||
|
PYTHONPATH=$(ENV_LIB):$(BUILD_DIR) $(MAKE) SPHINXBUILD=$(ENV_BIN)/sphinx-build -C doc text
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
doc/docs.zip: doc/html/genindex.html
|
doc/docs.zip: doc/html/genindex.html
|
||||||
(cd doc/html && zip -r ../docs.zip *)
|
(cd doc/html && zip -r ../docs.zip *)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
clean:
|
clean:
|
||||||
rm -rf build
|
rm -rf build MANIFEST
|
||||||
$(MAKE) -C doc clean
|
$(MAKE) -C doc clean
|
||||||
|
|
38
README
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 - Python-PostgreSQL Database Adapter
|
||||||
|
********************************************
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 is a PostgreSQL database adapter for the Python programming
|
||||||
|
language. psycopg2 was written with the aim of being very small and fast,
|
||||||
|
and stable as a rock.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 is different from the other database adapter because it was
|
||||||
|
designed for heavily multi-threaded applications that create and destroy
|
||||||
|
lots of cursors and make a conspicuous number of concurrent INSERTs or
|
||||||
|
UPDATEs. psycopg2 also provide full asycronous operations and support
|
||||||
|
for coroutine libraries.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 can compile and run on Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris, MacOS X and
|
||||||
|
Windows architecture. It supports Python versions from 2.4 onwards and
|
||||||
|
PostgreSQL versions from 7.4 onwards.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 is free software ("free as in freedom" but I like beer too.)
|
||||||
|
It is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License, version 3 or
|
||||||
|
later plus an exception to allow OpenSSL (libpq) linking; see LICENSE for
|
||||||
|
more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Documentation
|
||||||
|
-------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Start by reading the INSTALL file. More information about psycopg2 extensions
|
||||||
|
to the DBAPI-2.0 is available in the files located in the doc/ direcory.
|
||||||
|
Example code can be found in the examples/ directory. If you make any changes
|
||||||
|
to the code make sure to run the unit tests localed in tests/.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Online documentation can be found at: http://initd.org/psycopg/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If you stumble upon any bugs, please tell us at: http://psycopg.lighthouseapp.com/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Contributors
|
||||||
|
------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For a list of contributors to the project, see the AUTHORS file.
|
80
README.rst
|
@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
psycopg2 - Python-PostgreSQL Database Adapter
|
|
||||||
=============================================
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg is the most popular PostgreSQL database adapter for the Python
|
|
||||||
programming language. Its main features are the complete implementation of
|
|
||||||
the Python DB API 2.0 specification and the thread safety (several threads can
|
|
||||||
share the same connection). It was designed for heavily multi-threaded
|
|
||||||
applications that create and destroy lots of cursors and make a large number
|
|
||||||
of concurrent "INSERT"s or "UPDATE"s.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg 2 is mostly implemented in C as a libpq wrapper, resulting in being
|
|
||||||
both efficient and secure. It features client-side and server-side cursors,
|
|
||||||
asynchronous communication and notifications, "COPY TO/COPY FROM" support.
|
|
||||||
Many Python types are supported out-of-the-box and adapted to matching
|
|
||||||
PostgreSQL data types; adaptation can be extended and customized thanks to a
|
|
||||||
flexible objects adaptation system.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg 2 is both Unicode and Python 3 friendly.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. Note::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The psycopg2 package is still widely used and actively maintained, but it
|
|
||||||
is not expected to receive new features.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
`Psycopg 3`__ is the evolution of psycopg2 and is where `new features are
|
|
||||||
being developed`__: if you are starting a new project you should probably
|
|
||||||
start from 3!
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://pypi.org/project/psycopg/
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.psycopg.org/psycopg3/docs/index.html
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Documentation
|
|
||||||
-------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Documentation is included in the ``doc`` directory and is `available online`__.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.psycopg.org/docs/
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For any other resource (source code repository, bug tracker, mailing list)
|
|
||||||
please check the `project homepage`__.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://psycopg.org/
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Installation
|
|
||||||
------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Building Psycopg requires a few prerequisites (a C compiler, some development
|
|
||||||
packages): please check the install_ and the faq_ documents in the ``doc`` dir
|
|
||||||
or online for the details.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If prerequisites are met, you can install psycopg like any other Python
|
|
||||||
package, using ``pip`` to download it from PyPI_::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ pip install psycopg2
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
or using ``setup.py`` if you have downloaded the source package locally::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ python setup.py build
|
|
||||||
$ sudo python setup.py install
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You can also obtain a stand-alone package, not requiring a compiler or
|
|
||||||
external libraries, by installing the `psycopg2-binary`_ package from PyPI::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ pip install psycopg2-binary
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The binary package is a practical choice for development and testing but in
|
|
||||||
production it is advised to use the package built from sources.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _PyPI: https://pypi.org/project/psycopg2/
|
|
||||||
.. _psycopg2-binary: https://pypi.org/project/psycopg2-binary/
|
|
||||||
.. _install: https://www.psycopg.org/docs/install.html#install-from-source
|
|
||||||
.. _faq: https://www.psycopg.org/docs/faq.html#faq-compile
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:Build status: |gh-actions|
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |gh-actions| image:: https://github.com/psycopg/psycopg2/actions/workflows/tests.yml/badge.svg
|
|
||||||
:target: https://github.com/psycopg/psycopg2/actions/workflows/tests.yml
|
|
||||||
:alt: Build status
|
|
360
ZPsycopgDA/DA.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,360 @@
|
||||||
|
# ZPsycopgDA/DA.py - ZPsycopgDA Zope product: Database Connection
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2004-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Import modules needed by _psycopg to allow tools like py2exe to do
|
||||||
|
# their work without bothering about the module dependencies.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ALLOWED_PSYCOPG_VERSIONS = ('2.4-beta1', '2.4-beta2', '2.4', '2.4.1')
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import sys
|
||||||
|
import time
|
||||||
|
import db
|
||||||
|
import re
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import Acquisition
|
||||||
|
import Shared.DC.ZRDB.Connection
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
from db import DB
|
||||||
|
from Globals import HTMLFile
|
||||||
|
from ExtensionClass import Base
|
||||||
|
from App.Dialogs import MessageDialog
|
||||||
|
from DateTime import DateTime
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# ImageFile is deprecated in Zope >= 2.9
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
from App.ImageFile import ImageFile
|
||||||
|
except ImportError:
|
||||||
|
# Zope < 2.9. If PIL's installed with a .pth file, we're probably
|
||||||
|
# hosed.
|
||||||
|
from ImageFile import ImageFile
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# import psycopg and functions/singletons needed for date/time conversions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
from psycopg2 import NUMBER, STRING, ROWID, DATETIME
|
||||||
|
from psycopg2.extensions import INTEGER, LONGINTEGER, FLOAT, BOOLEAN, DATE
|
||||||
|
from psycopg2.extensions import TIME, INTERVAL
|
||||||
|
from psycopg2.extensions import new_type, register_type
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# add a new connection to a folder
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
manage_addZPsycopgConnectionForm = HTMLFile('dtml/add',globals())
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def manage_addZPsycopgConnection(self, id, title, connection_string,
|
||||||
|
zdatetime=None, tilevel=2,
|
||||||
|
encoding='', check=None, REQUEST=None):
|
||||||
|
"""Add a DB connection to a folder."""
|
||||||
|
self._setObject(id, Connection(id, title, connection_string,
|
||||||
|
zdatetime, check, tilevel, encoding))
|
||||||
|
if REQUEST is not None: return self.manage_main(self, REQUEST)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# the connection object
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class Connection(Shared.DC.ZRDB.Connection.Connection):
|
||||||
|
"""ZPsycopg Connection."""
|
||||||
|
_isAnSQLConnection = 1
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
id = 'Psycopg2_database_connection'
|
||||||
|
database_type = 'Psycopg2'
|
||||||
|
meta_type = title = 'Z Psycopg 2 Database Connection'
|
||||||
|
icon = 'misc_/conn'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def __init__(self, id, title, connection_string,
|
||||||
|
zdatetime, check=None, tilevel=2, encoding='UTF-8'):
|
||||||
|
self.zdatetime = zdatetime
|
||||||
|
self.id = str(id)
|
||||||
|
self.edit(title, connection_string, zdatetime,
|
||||||
|
check=check, tilevel=tilevel, encoding=encoding)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def factory(self):
|
||||||
|
return DB
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## connection parameters editing ##
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def edit(self, title, connection_string,
|
||||||
|
zdatetime, check=None, tilevel=2, encoding='UTF-8'):
|
||||||
|
self.title = title
|
||||||
|
self.connection_string = connection_string
|
||||||
|
self.zdatetime = zdatetime
|
||||||
|
self.tilevel = tilevel
|
||||||
|
self.encoding = encoding
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if check: self.connect(self.connection_string)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
manage_properties = HTMLFile('dtml/edit', globals())
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def manage_edit(self, title, connection_string,
|
||||||
|
zdatetime=None, check=None, tilevel=2, encoding='UTF-8',
|
||||||
|
REQUEST=None):
|
||||||
|
"""Edit the DB connection."""
|
||||||
|
self.edit(title, connection_string, zdatetime,
|
||||||
|
check=check, tilevel=tilevel, encoding=encoding)
|
||||||
|
if REQUEST is not None:
|
||||||
|
msg = "Connection edited."
|
||||||
|
return self.manage_main(self,REQUEST,manage_tabs_message=msg)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def connect(self, s):
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
self._v_database_connection.close()
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
pass
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# check psycopg version and raise exception if does not match
|
||||||
|
if psycopg2.__version__.split(' ')[0] not in ALLOWED_PSYCOPG_VERSIONS:
|
||||||
|
raise ImportError("psycopg version mismatch (imported %s)" %
|
||||||
|
psycopg2.__version__)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
self._v_connected = ''
|
||||||
|
dbf = self.factory()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# TODO: let the psycopg exception propagate, or not?
|
||||||
|
self._v_database_connection = dbf(
|
||||||
|
self.connection_string, self.tilevel, self.get_type_casts(), self.encoding)
|
||||||
|
self._v_database_connection.open()
|
||||||
|
self._v_connected = DateTime()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return self
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def get_type_casts(self):
|
||||||
|
# note that in both cases order *is* important
|
||||||
|
if self.zdatetime:
|
||||||
|
return ZDATETIME, ZDATE, ZTIME
|
||||||
|
else:
|
||||||
|
return DATETIME, DATE, TIME
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## browsing and table/column management ##
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
manage_options = Shared.DC.ZRDB.Connection.Connection.manage_options
|
||||||
|
# + (
|
||||||
|
# {'label': 'Browse', 'action':'manage_browse'},)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#manage_tables = HTMLFile('dtml/tables', globals())
|
||||||
|
#manage_browse = HTMLFile('dtml/browse', globals())
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
info = None
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def table_info(self):
|
||||||
|
return self._v_database_connection.table_info()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def __getitem__(self, name):
|
||||||
|
if name == 'tableNamed':
|
||||||
|
if not hasattr(self, '_v_tables'): self.tpValues()
|
||||||
|
return self._v_tables.__of__(self)
|
||||||
|
raise KeyError, name
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def tpValues(self):
|
||||||
|
res = []
|
||||||
|
conn = self._v_database_connection
|
||||||
|
for d in conn.tables(rdb=0):
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
name = d['TABLE_NAME']
|
||||||
|
b = TableBrowser()
|
||||||
|
b.__name__ = name
|
||||||
|
b._d = d
|
||||||
|
b._c = c
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
b.icon = table_icons[d['TABLE_TYPE']]
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
pass
|
||||||
|
r.append(b)
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
pass
|
||||||
|
return res
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## database connection registration data ##
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
classes = (Connection,)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
meta_types = ({'name':'Z Psycopg 2 Database Connection',
|
||||||
|
'action':'manage_addZPsycopgConnectionForm'},)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
folder_methods = {
|
||||||
|
'manage_addZPsycopgConnection': manage_addZPsycopgConnection,
|
||||||
|
'manage_addZPsycopgConnectionForm': manage_addZPsycopgConnectionForm}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
__ac_permissions__ = (
|
||||||
|
('Add Z Psycopg Database Connections',
|
||||||
|
('manage_addZPsycopgConnectionForm', 'manage_addZPsycopgConnection')),)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# add icons
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
misc_={'conn': ImageFile('icons/DBAdapterFolder_icon.gif', globals())}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for icon in ('table', 'view', 'stable', 'what', 'field', 'text', 'bin',
|
||||||
|
'int', 'float', 'date', 'time', 'datetime'):
|
||||||
|
misc_[icon] = ImageFile('icons/%s.gif' % icon, globals())
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## zope-specific psycopg typecasters ##
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# convert an ISO timestamp string from postgres to a Zope DateTime object
|
||||||
|
def _cast_DateTime(iso, curs):
|
||||||
|
if iso:
|
||||||
|
if iso in ['-infinity', 'infinity']:
|
||||||
|
return iso
|
||||||
|
else:
|
||||||
|
return DateTime(iso)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# convert an ISO date string from postgres to a Zope DateTime object
|
||||||
|
def _cast_Date(iso, curs):
|
||||||
|
if iso:
|
||||||
|
if iso in ['-infinity', 'infinity']:
|
||||||
|
return iso
|
||||||
|
else:
|
||||||
|
return DateTime(iso)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Convert a time string from postgres to a Zope DateTime object.
|
||||||
|
# NOTE: we set the day as today before feeding to DateTime so
|
||||||
|
# that it has the same DST settings.
|
||||||
|
def _cast_Time(iso, curs):
|
||||||
|
if iso:
|
||||||
|
if iso in ['-infinity', 'infinity']:
|
||||||
|
return iso
|
||||||
|
else:
|
||||||
|
return DateTime(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',
|
||||||
|
time.localtime(time.time())[:3]+
|
||||||
|
time.strptime(iso[:8], "%H:%M:%S")[3:]))
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# NOTE: we don't cast intervals anymore because they are passed
|
||||||
|
# untouched to Zope.
|
||||||
|
def _cast_Interval(iso, curs):
|
||||||
|
return iso
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ZDATETIME = new_type((1184, 1114), "ZDATETIME", _cast_DateTime)
|
||||||
|
ZINTERVAL = new_type((1186,), "ZINTERVAL", _cast_Interval)
|
||||||
|
ZDATE = new_type((1082,), "ZDATE", _cast_Date)
|
||||||
|
ZTIME = new_type((1083,), "ZTIME", _cast_Time)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## table browsing helpers ##
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class TableBrowserCollection(Acquisition.Implicit):
|
||||||
|
pass
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class Browser(Base):
|
||||||
|
def __getattr__(self, name):
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
return self._d[name]
|
||||||
|
except KeyError:
|
||||||
|
raise AttributeError, name
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class values:
|
||||||
|
def len(self):
|
||||||
|
return 1
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def __getitem__(self, i):
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
return self._d[i]
|
||||||
|
except AttributeError:
|
||||||
|
pass
|
||||||
|
self._d = self._f()
|
||||||
|
return self._d[i]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class TableBrowser(Browser, Acquisition.Implicit):
|
||||||
|
icon = 'what'
|
||||||
|
Description = check = ''
|
||||||
|
info = HTMLFile('table_info', globals())
|
||||||
|
menu = HTMLFile('table_menu', globals())
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def tpValues(self):
|
||||||
|
v = values()
|
||||||
|
v._f = self.tpValues_
|
||||||
|
return v
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def tpValues_(self):
|
||||||
|
r=[]
|
||||||
|
tname=self.__name__
|
||||||
|
for d in self._c.columns(tname):
|
||||||
|
b=ColumnBrowser()
|
||||||
|
b._d=d
|
||||||
|
try: b.icon=field_icons[d['Type']]
|
||||||
|
except: pass
|
||||||
|
b.TABLE_NAME=tname
|
||||||
|
r.append(b)
|
||||||
|
return r
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def tpId(self): return self._d['TABLE_NAME']
|
||||||
|
def tpURL(self): return "Table/%s" % self._d['TABLE_NAME']
|
||||||
|
def Name(self): return self._d['TABLE_NAME']
|
||||||
|
def Type(self): return self._d['TABLE_TYPE']
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
manage_designInput=HTMLFile('designInput',globals())
|
||||||
|
def manage_buildInput(self, id, source, default, REQUEST=None):
|
||||||
|
"Create a database method for an input form"
|
||||||
|
args=[]
|
||||||
|
values=[]
|
||||||
|
names=[]
|
||||||
|
columns=self._columns
|
||||||
|
for i in range(len(source)):
|
||||||
|
s=source[i]
|
||||||
|
if s=='Null': continue
|
||||||
|
c=columns[i]
|
||||||
|
d=default[i]
|
||||||
|
t=c['Type']
|
||||||
|
n=c['Name']
|
||||||
|
names.append(n)
|
||||||
|
if s=='Argument':
|
||||||
|
values.append("<dtml-sqlvar %s type=%s>'" %
|
||||||
|
(n, vartype(t)))
|
||||||
|
a='%s%s' % (n, boboType(t))
|
||||||
|
if d: a="%s=%s" % (a,d)
|
||||||
|
args.append(a)
|
||||||
|
elif s=='Property':
|
||||||
|
values.append("<dtml-sqlvar %s type=%s>'" %
|
||||||
|
(n, vartype(t)))
|
||||||
|
else:
|
||||||
|
if isStringType(t):
|
||||||
|
if find(d,"\'") >= 0: d=join(split(d,"\'"),"''")
|
||||||
|
values.append("'%s'" % d)
|
||||||
|
elif d:
|
||||||
|
values.append(str(d))
|
||||||
|
else:
|
||||||
|
raise ValueError, (
|
||||||
|
'no default was given for <em>%s</em>' % n)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class ColumnBrowser(Browser):
|
||||||
|
icon='field'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def check(self):
|
||||||
|
return ('\t<input type=checkbox name="%s.%s">' %
|
||||||
|
(self.TABLE_NAME, self._d['Name']))
|
||||||
|
def tpId(self): return self._d['Name']
|
||||||
|
def tpURL(self): return "Column/%s" % self._d['Name']
|
||||||
|
def Description(self):
|
||||||
|
d=self._d
|
||||||
|
if d['Scale']:
|
||||||
|
return " %(Type)s(%(Precision)s,%(Scale)s) %(Nullable)s" % d
|
||||||
|
else:
|
||||||
|
return " %(Type)s(%(Precision)s) %(Nullable)s" % d
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
table_icons={
|
||||||
|
'TABLE': 'table',
|
||||||
|
'VIEW':'view',
|
||||||
|
'SYSTEM_TABLE': 'stable',
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
field_icons={
|
||||||
|
NUMBER.name: 'i',
|
||||||
|
STRING.name: 'text',
|
||||||
|
DATETIME.name: 'date',
|
||||||
|
INTEGER.name: 'int',
|
||||||
|
FLOAT.name: 'float',
|
||||||
|
BOOLEAN.name: 'bin',
|
||||||
|
ROWID.name: 'int'
|
||||||
|
}
|
29
ZPsycopgDA/__init__.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
|
||||||
|
# ZPsycopgDA/__init__.py - ZPsycopgDA Zope product
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2004-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Import modules needed by _psycopg to allow tools like py2exe to do
|
||||||
|
# their work without bothering about the module dependencies.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
__doc__ = "ZPsycopg Database Adapter Registration."
|
||||||
|
__version__ = '2.0'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import DA
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def initialize(context):
|
||||||
|
context.registerClass(
|
||||||
|
DA.Connection,
|
||||||
|
permission = 'Add Z Psycopg 2 Database Connections',
|
||||||
|
constructors = (DA.manage_addZPsycopgConnectionForm,
|
||||||
|
DA.manage_addZPsycopgConnection),
|
||||||
|
icon = 'icons/DBAdapterFolder_icon.gif')
|
198
ZPsycopgDA/db.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
|
||||||
|
# ZPsycopgDA/db.py - query execution
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2004-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Import modules needed by _psycopg to allow tools like py2exe to do
|
||||||
|
# their work without bothering about the module dependencies.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
from Shared.DC.ZRDB.TM import TM
|
||||||
|
from Shared.DC.ZRDB import dbi_db
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
from ZODB.POSException import ConflictError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import site
|
||||||
|
import pool
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
from psycopg2.extensions import INTEGER, LONGINTEGER, FLOAT, BOOLEAN, DATE, TIME
|
||||||
|
from psycopg2.extensions import TransactionRollbackError, register_type
|
||||||
|
from psycopg2 import NUMBER, STRING, ROWID, DATETIME
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# the DB object, managing all the real query work
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class DB(TM, dbi_db.DB):
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
_p_oid = _p_changed = _registered = None
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def __init__(self, dsn, tilevel, typecasts, enc='utf-8'):
|
||||||
|
self.dsn = dsn
|
||||||
|
self.tilevel = tilevel
|
||||||
|
self.typecasts = typecasts
|
||||||
|
self.encoding = enc
|
||||||
|
self.failures = 0
|
||||||
|
self.calls = 0
|
||||||
|
self.make_mappings()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def getconn(self, create=True):
|
||||||
|
conn = pool.getconn(self.dsn)
|
||||||
|
conn.set_isolation_level(int(self.tilevel))
|
||||||
|
conn.set_client_encoding(self.encoding)
|
||||||
|
for tc in self.typecasts:
|
||||||
|
register_type(tc, conn)
|
||||||
|
return conn
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def putconn(self, close=False):
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
conn = pool.getconn(self.dsn, False)
|
||||||
|
except AttributeError:
|
||||||
|
pass
|
||||||
|
pool.putconn(self.dsn, conn, close)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def getcursor(self):
|
||||||
|
conn = self.getconn()
|
||||||
|
return conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def _finish(self, *ignored):
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
conn = self.getconn(False)
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
self.putconn()
|
||||||
|
except AttributeError:
|
||||||
|
pass
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def _abort(self, *ignored):
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
conn = self.getconn(False)
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
||||||
|
self.putconn()
|
||||||
|
except AttributeError:
|
||||||
|
pass
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def open(self):
|
||||||
|
# this will create a new pool for our DSN if not already existing,
|
||||||
|
# then get and immediately release a connection
|
||||||
|
self.getconn()
|
||||||
|
self.putconn()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def close(self):
|
||||||
|
# FIXME: if this connection is closed we flush all the pool associated
|
||||||
|
# with the current DSN; does this makes sense?
|
||||||
|
pool.flushpool(self.dsn)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def sortKey(self):
|
||||||
|
return 1
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def make_mappings(self):
|
||||||
|
"""Generate the mappings used later by self.convert_description()."""
|
||||||
|
self.type_mappings = {}
|
||||||
|
for t, s in [(INTEGER,'i'), (LONGINTEGER, 'i'), (NUMBER, 'n'),
|
||||||
|
(BOOLEAN,'n'), (ROWID, 'i'),
|
||||||
|
(DATETIME, 'd'), (DATE, 'd'), (TIME, 'd')]:
|
||||||
|
for v in t.values:
|
||||||
|
self.type_mappings[v] = (t, s)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def convert_description(self, desc, use_psycopg_types=False):
|
||||||
|
"""Convert DBAPI-2.0 description field to Zope format."""
|
||||||
|
items = []
|
||||||
|
for name, typ, width, ds, p, scale, null_ok in desc:
|
||||||
|
m = self.type_mappings.get(typ, (STRING, 's'))
|
||||||
|
items.append({
|
||||||
|
'name': name,
|
||||||
|
'type': use_psycopg_types and m[0] or m[1],
|
||||||
|
'width': width,
|
||||||
|
'precision': p,
|
||||||
|
'scale': scale,
|
||||||
|
'null': null_ok,
|
||||||
|
})
|
||||||
|
return items
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## tables and rows ##
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def tables(self, rdb=0, _care=('TABLE', 'VIEW')):
|
||||||
|
self._register()
|
||||||
|
c = self.getcursor()
|
||||||
|
c.execute(
|
||||||
|
"SELECT t.tablename AS NAME, 'TABLE' AS TYPE "
|
||||||
|
" FROM pg_tables t WHERE tableowner <> 'postgres' "
|
||||||
|
"UNION SELECT v.viewname AS NAME, 'VIEW' AS TYPE "
|
||||||
|
" FROM pg_views v WHERE viewowner <> 'postgres' "
|
||||||
|
"UNION SELECT t.tablename AS NAME, 'SYSTEM_TABLE\' AS TYPE "
|
||||||
|
" FROM pg_tables t WHERE tableowner = 'postgres' "
|
||||||
|
"UNION SELECT v.viewname AS NAME, 'SYSTEM_TABLE' AS TYPE "
|
||||||
|
"FROM pg_views v WHERE viewowner = 'postgres'")
|
||||||
|
res = []
|
||||||
|
for name, typ in c.fetchall():
|
||||||
|
if typ in _care:
|
||||||
|
res.append({'TABLE_NAME': name, 'TABLE_TYPE': typ})
|
||||||
|
self.putconn()
|
||||||
|
return res
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def columns(self, table_name):
|
||||||
|
self._register()
|
||||||
|
c = self.getcursor()
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
r = c.execute('SELECT * FROM "%s" WHERE 1=0' % table_name)
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
return ()
|
||||||
|
self.putconn()
|
||||||
|
return self.convert_description(c.description, True)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## query execution ##
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def query(self, query_string, max_rows=None, query_data=None):
|
||||||
|
self._register()
|
||||||
|
self.calls = self.calls+1
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
desc = ()
|
||||||
|
res = []
|
||||||
|
nselects = 0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
c = self.getcursor()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
for qs in [x for x in query_string.split('\0') if x]:
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
if query_data:
|
||||||
|
c.execute(qs, query_data)
|
||||||
|
else:
|
||||||
|
c.execute(qs)
|
||||||
|
except TransactionRollbackError:
|
||||||
|
# Ha, here we have to look like we are the ZODB raising conflict errrors, raising ZPublisher.Publish.Retry just doesn't work
|
||||||
|
#logging.debug("Serialization Error, retrying transaction", exc_info=True)
|
||||||
|
raise ConflictError("TransactionRollbackError from psycopg2")
|
||||||
|
except psycopg2.OperationalError:
|
||||||
|
#logging.exception("Operational error on connection, closing it.")
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
# Only close our connection
|
||||||
|
self.putconn(True)
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
#logging.debug("Something went wrong when we tried to close the pool", exc_info=True)
|
||||||
|
pass
|
||||||
|
if c.description is not None:
|
||||||
|
nselects += 1
|
||||||
|
if c.description != desc and nselects > 1:
|
||||||
|
raise psycopg2.ProgrammingError(
|
||||||
|
'multiple selects in single query not allowed')
|
||||||
|
if max_rows:
|
||||||
|
res = c.fetchmany(max_rows)
|
||||||
|
else:
|
||||||
|
res = c.fetchall()
|
||||||
|
desc = c.description
|
||||||
|
self.failures = 0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
except StandardError, err:
|
||||||
|
self._abort()
|
||||||
|
raise err
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return self.convert_description(desc), res
|
106
ZPsycopgDA/dtml/add.dtml
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
|
||||||
|
<dtml-var manage_page_header>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<dtml-var "manage_form_title(this(), _,
|
||||||
|
form_title='Add Z Psycopg 2 Database Connection',
|
||||||
|
help_product='ZPsycopgDA',
|
||||||
|
help_topic='ZPsycopgDA-Method-Add.stx'
|
||||||
|
)">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p class="form-help">
|
||||||
|
A Zope Psycopg 2 Database Connection is used to connect and execute
|
||||||
|
queries on a PostgreSQL database.
|
||||||
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p class="form-help">
|
||||||
|
In the form below <em>Connection String</em> (also called the Data Source Name
|
||||||
|
or DSN for short) is a string... (TODO: finish docs)
|
||||||
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<form action="manage_addZPsycopgConnection" method="POST">
|
||||||
|
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0">
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-label">
|
||||||
|
Id
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" name="id" size="40"
|
||||||
|
value="Psycopg2_database_connection" />
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-optional">
|
||||||
|
Title
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" name="title" size="40"
|
||||||
|
value="Z Psycopg 2 Database Connection"/>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-label">
|
||||||
|
Connection string
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" name="connection_string" size="40" value="" />
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-label">
|
||||||
|
Connect immediately
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" name="check" value="YES" checked="YES" />
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-label">
|
||||||
|
Use Zope's internal DateTime
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" name="zdatetime" value="YES" checked="YES" />
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-label">
|
||||||
|
Transaction isolation level
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<select name="tilevel:int">
|
||||||
|
<option value="1">Read committed</option>
|
||||||
|
<option value="2" selected="YES">Serializable</option>
|
||||||
|
</select>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-label">
|
||||||
|
Encoding
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" name="encoding" size="40" value="" />
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-element">
|
||||||
|
<input class="form-element" type="submit" name="submit" value=" Add " />
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
</form>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<dtml-var manage_page_footer>
|
11
ZPsycopgDA/dtml/browse.dtml
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
|
||||||
|
<html>
|
||||||
|
<head><title><dtml-var title_or_id >tables</title></head>
|
||||||
|
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" link="#000099" vlink="#555555" alink="#77003B">
|
||||||
|
<dtml-var manage_tabs>
|
||||||
|
<dtml-tree header="info">
|
||||||
|
<IMG SRC="<dtml-var SCRIPT_NAME >/misc_/ZPsycopgDA/<dtml-var icon>"
|
||||||
|
ALT="<dtml-var Type>" BORDER="0">
|
||||||
|
<dtml-var Name><dtml-var Description>
|
||||||
|
</dtml-tree>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
78
ZPsycopgDA/dtml/edit.dtml
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
|
||||||
|
<dtml-var manage_page_header>
|
||||||
|
<dtml-var manage_tabs>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<form action="manage_edit" method="POST">
|
||||||
|
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0">
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-optional">
|
||||||
|
Title
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" name="title" size="40"
|
||||||
|
value="&dtml-title;"/>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-label">
|
||||||
|
Connection string
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" name="connection_string" size="40"
|
||||||
|
value="&dtml-connection_string;" />
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-label">
|
||||||
|
Use Zope's internal DateTime
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" name="zdatetime" value="YES"
|
||||||
|
<dtml-if expr="zdatetime">checked="YES"</dtml-if> />
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-label">
|
||||||
|
Transaction isolation level
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<select name="tilevel:int">
|
||||||
|
<option value="1"
|
||||||
|
<dtml-if expr="tilevel==1">selected="YES"</dtml-if>>
|
||||||
|
Read committed</option>
|
||||||
|
<option value="2"
|
||||||
|
<dtml-if expr="tilevel==2">selected="YES"</dtml-if>>
|
||||||
|
Serializable</option>
|
||||||
|
</select>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-label">
|
||||||
|
Encoding
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" name="encoding" size="40"
|
||||||
|
value="&dtml-encoding;" />
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2">
|
||||||
|
<div class="form-element">
|
||||||
|
<input class="form-element" type="submit" name="submit"
|
||||||
|
value=" Save Changes " />
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
</form>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<dtml-var manage_page_footer>
|
7
ZPsycopgDA/dtml/table_info.dtml
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
|
||||||
|
<dtml-var standard_html_header>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<dtml-var TABLE_TYPE><dtml-if TABLE_OWNER>
|
||||||
|
owned by <dtml-var TABLE_OWNER></dtml-if>
|
||||||
|
<dtml-if REMARKS><br><dtml-var REMARKS></dtml-if>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<dtml-var standard_html_footer>
|
BIN
ZPsycopgDA/icons/DBAdapterFolder_icon.gif
Executable file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 897 B |
BIN
ZPsycopgDA/icons/bin.gif
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 924 B |
BIN
ZPsycopgDA/icons/date.gif
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 930 B |
BIN
ZPsycopgDA/icons/datetime.gif
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 925 B |
BIN
ZPsycopgDA/icons/field.gif
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 915 B |
BIN
ZPsycopgDA/icons/float.gif
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 929 B |
BIN
ZPsycopgDA/icons/int.gif
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 918 B |
BIN
ZPsycopgDA/icons/stable.gif
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 884 B |
BIN
ZPsycopgDA/icons/table.gif
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 878 B |
BIN
ZPsycopgDA/icons/text.gif
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 918 B |
BIN
ZPsycopgDA/icons/time.gif
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 926 B |
BIN
ZPsycopgDA/icons/view.gif
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 893 B |
BIN
ZPsycopgDA/icons/what.gif
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 894 B |
49
ZPsycopgDA/pool.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
|
||||||
|
# ZPsycopgDA/pool.py - ZPsycopgDA Zope product: connection pooling
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2004-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Import modules needed by _psycopg to allow tools like py2exe to do
|
||||||
|
# their work without bothering about the module dependencies.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# All the connections are held in a pool of pools, directly accessible by the
|
||||||
|
# ZPsycopgDA code in db.py.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import threading
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2.pool
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
_connections_pool = {}
|
||||||
|
_connections_lock = threading.Lock()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def getpool(dsn, create=True):
|
||||||
|
_connections_lock.acquire()
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
if not _connections_pool.has_key(dsn) and create:
|
||||||
|
_connections_pool[dsn] = \
|
||||||
|
psycopg2.pool.PersistentConnectionPool(4, 200, dsn)
|
||||||
|
finally:
|
||||||
|
_connections_lock.release()
|
||||||
|
return _connections_pool[dsn]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def flushpool(dsn):
|
||||||
|
_connections_lock.acquire()
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
_connections_pool[dsn].closeall()
|
||||||
|
del _connections_pool[dsn]
|
||||||
|
finally:
|
||||||
|
_connections_lock.release()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def getconn(dsn, create=True):
|
||||||
|
return getpool(dsn, create=create).getconn()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def putconn(dsn, conn, close=False):
|
||||||
|
getpool(dsn).putconn(conn, close=close)
|
7
debian/README.zpsycopgda2
vendored
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
|
||||||
|
ZPsycopgDA (in the Debian zope-psycopgda package) is a Zope Database
|
||||||
|
Adapter based on the psycopg Python/PostgreSQL driver. You'll find
|
||||||
|
more information and documentation in the pythonX.Y-psycopg package,
|
||||||
|
where X.Y is the version of your installed Python.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Details for ZPsycopgDA for Zope are found in the documentation of
|
||||||
|
the python2.3-psycopg package.
|
676
debian/changelog
vendored
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,676 @@
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.7-2) unstable; urgency=medium
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* ZPsycopgDA/DA.py: updated the patch. (Closes: #478860)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Thu, 01 May 2008 17:43:54 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.7-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release. (Closes: #476101)
|
||||||
|
* debian/control: bumped Standard-Versions to 3.7.3.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Tue, 15 Apr 2008 10:05:51 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.6-4) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[ Sandro Tosi ]
|
||||||
|
* debian/control
|
||||||
|
- uniforming Vcs-Browser field
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[ Fabio Tranchitella ]
|
||||||
|
* Provides a encoding parameter when adding a ZPsycopgDA instance using the
|
||||||
|
ZMI. (Closes: #475123)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Wed, 09 Apr 2008 19:51:10 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.6-3) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[ Piotr Ożarowski ]
|
||||||
|
* XS-Vcs-Svn field renamed to Vcs-Svn
|
||||||
|
* Vcs-Browser field added
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[ Fabio Tranchitella ]
|
||||||
|
* Mention DB-API 2.0 compatibility in the long description.
|
||||||
|
(Closes: #430763)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Thu, 08 Nov 2007 15:07:05 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.6-2) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Build a python-psycopg-dbg package
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Scott Kitterman <scott@kitterman.com> Tue, 03 Jul 2007 16:55:48 -0400
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.6-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* psycopg2da: removed, merged upstream.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Sat, 09 Jun 2007 22:38:23 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.5.1-7) UNRELEASED; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* debian/watch: added.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Fri, 9 Feb 2007 12:35:55 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.5.1-6) unstable; urgency=high
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* debian/zope-psycopgda2.dzproduct: requires Zope 2.9 or higher: previous
|
||||||
|
versions use python2.3 which is not supported anymore in psycopg.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Mon, 15 Jan 2007 11:39:15 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.5.1-5) unstable; urgency=medium
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Do not run dh_pycentral on zope-psycopgda2. (Closes: #400846)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Wed, 29 Nov 2006 09:04:09 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.5.1-4) unstable; urgency=medium
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Fixed a bug in psycopg2da.
|
||||||
|
* debian/control: bumped build-dependency on zope-debhelper.
|
||||||
|
* Added XS-Vcs-Svn field
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Fri, 24 Nov 2006 13:50:11 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.5.1-3) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* psycopgda: imported upstream psycopg2da database adapter from SVN, which
|
||||||
|
builds a new binary package, python-psycopg2da.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Fri, 10 Nov 2006 08:56:05 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.5.1-2) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* debian/control: added again a dependency on python-egenix-mxdatetime.
|
||||||
|
(Closes: #389636)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Tue, 3 Oct 2006 10:25:22 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.5.1-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Tue, 19 Sep 2006 08:22:36 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.4-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* debian/control:
|
||||||
|
+ removed dependency on python-egenix-mxdatetime.
|
||||||
|
+ added ${shlibs:Depends} for the python-psycopg2 package.
|
||||||
|
(Closes: #381462)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Wed, 9 Aug 2006 10:28:30 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 (2.0.2-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream major release, new source package. (Closes: #377956)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Sun, 16 Jul 2006 21:43:41 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.21-8) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* debian/zope-psycopgda.dzproduct: added 2.9 to the list of supported
|
||||||
|
zope versions. (Closes: #376538)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Fri, 14 Jul 2006 10:19:54 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.21-7) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Moved dh_installzope within an arch-indep target. (Closes: #373842)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Fri, 16 Jun 2006 09:37:23 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.21-6) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Python policy transition. (Closes: #373482)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Thu, 15 Jun 2006 19:09:36 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.21-5) unstable; urgency=high
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* ypemod.c, new_psyco_bufferobject():
|
||||||
|
- Escape quotes psycopg.Binary() results as '', not as \', since the
|
||||||
|
latter does not work any more with some client encodings with the latest
|
||||||
|
PostgreSQL (in some multi-byte encodings you can exploit \' escaping to
|
||||||
|
inject SQL code, see CVE-2006-2314). (Closes: #369230)
|
||||||
|
Thanks to Martin Pitt and Ubuntu security team for the patch.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Tue, 30 May 2006 22:15:06 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.21-4) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* debian/rules: remove *.o in the clean target. (Closes: #352835)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Thu, 16 Feb 2006 12:06:53 +0000
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.21-3) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* debian/control: removed build-dependency on postgresql-server-dev-8.0,
|
||||||
|
as suggested by Martin Pitt. (Closes: #339640)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Fri, 18 Nov 2005 08:44:26 +0000
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.21-2) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* debian/control: zope-psycopgda should depend on the same version of the
|
||||||
|
psycopg python module. (Closes: #336765)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Wed, 2 Nov 2005 12:07:33 +0000
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.21-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New maintainer; Thanks Federico for your work, and be sure that I'll
|
||||||
|
take care of this package.
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release (Closes: #321592, #320618, #333638)
|
||||||
|
* debian/python2.4-psycopg.dirs: added. (Closes: #319509, #329115)
|
||||||
|
* debian/control: dropped support for python2.1 and
|
||||||
|
python2.2. (Closes: #333639)
|
||||||
|
* debian/control: Standards-Version bumped to 3.6.2, no changes required.
|
||||||
|
* debian/rules: make use of dh_installzope from zope-debhelper to build the
|
||||||
|
zope-psycopgda package.
|
||||||
|
(Closes: #158669, #323599, #268975, #292247, #327415)
|
||||||
|
* debian/control: added build-depends on postgresql-server-dev-8.0.
|
||||||
|
(Closes: #333638)
|
||||||
|
* Re-packaged upstream tarball replacing some broken images.
|
||||||
|
(Closes: #292008, #305392)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> Fri, 28 Oct 2005 11:24:37 +0000
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.19-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Applied patch from Martin Krafft to build Zope 2.7 packages.
|
||||||
|
* Modified to use the new PostgreSQL packages.
|
||||||
|
* Added python 2.4 package (Closes: #301403).
|
||||||
|
* Upstream applied various Ubuntu patches (Closes: #301947, #300893).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Sat, 16 Jul 2005 20:47:08 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.18-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* 1.1.16 fixed rowcount bug (closes: #266299).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Wed, 5 Jan 2005 21:05:15 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.17-1) unstable; urgency=high
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Urgency is still high because 1.1.16 was never uploaded.
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Thu, 19 Nov 2004 01:14:30 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.16-1) unstable; urgency=high
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Tagged with urgency=high because fix a grave bug (rowcount) introduced
|
||||||
|
in 1.1.15.
|
||||||
|
* Upstream fix: does not segfault when using COPY TO/COPY FROM in
|
||||||
|
.execute() (closes: #279222).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Sat, 30 Oct 2004 02:35:30 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.15-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Definitely fixed (ah ah) time interval problems (closes: #259213).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@initd.org> Thu, 29 Jul 2004 23:43:59 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.14-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Don't put two copies of changelog in every package anymore
|
||||||
|
(closes: #256662).
|
||||||
|
* Updated test script works as expected (closes: #231391).
|
||||||
|
* Changes from NMU incorporated in 1.1.12:
|
||||||
|
- zpsycopgda depends on python2.2-psycopg (closes: #227420, #227147).
|
||||||
|
- compiled with postgresql in unstable (close: #220527).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@initd.org> Fri, 9 Jul 2004 23:01:40 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.13-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 21 May 2004 10:33:54 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.12-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release (the "martin you won't have this package"
|
||||||
|
release.)
|
||||||
|
* Integrated changes from NMU releases.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Sun, 16 May 2004 10:14:47 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.10-1.2) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Non-maintainer upload. Thinking about taking this package over...
|
||||||
|
* Changed dependency on pyscopgda Python module to Python version 2.2.
|
||||||
|
(closes: #227147, #227420)
|
||||||
|
* Added Lintian overrides for image-in-/usr/lib warnings -- Zope needs
|
||||||
|
these images...
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- martin f. krafft <madduck@debian.org> Thu, 15 Apr 2004 23:30:40 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.10-1.1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Non-maintainer upload.
|
||||||
|
* No changes - this upload is simply a rebuild against the current unstable
|
||||||
|
instead of experimental postgresql-dev.
|
||||||
|
(closes: #219927, #220141, #220173, #220527)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Peter Hawkins <peterh@debian.org> Sun, 28 Dec 2003 10:57:30 +1100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.10-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Added download location to debian/copyright file (Closes: #215880).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@initd.org> Sat, 8 Nov 2003 23:32:40 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.9-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Bug was agains an old 1.0.x version of psycopg (Closes: #208702).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@initd.org> Wed, 10 Sep 2003 13:04:42 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.8-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Integrated NMU from Matthias Klose (closes: #205746).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 1 Aug 2003 11:50:57 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.5.1-1.1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* NMU
|
||||||
|
* Update for python2.3 as the default python version (closes: #205746).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Matthias Klose <doko@debian.org> Fri, 22 Aug 2003 00:02:25 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.7-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Sat, 26 Jul 2003 15:03:39 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.6-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Upstream applied patch from BTS (Closes: #200161).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@initd.org> Sun, 13 Jul 2003 23:36:04 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.5.1-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@initd.org> Mon, 23 Jun 2003 00:37:33 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.5-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@initd.org> Sun, 22 Jun 2003 21:30:01 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.4-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Wed, 7 May 2003 15:21:31 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.3-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Changed section in debian/control (-> python).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Wed, 2 Apr 2003 10:33:36 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.1.2-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Started to track the 1.1.x branch.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Tue, 25 Feb 2003 01:06:08 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.15.1-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 14 Feb 2003 16:09:50 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.15-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Wed, 12 Feb 2003 23:49:51 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.14-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Applied patch from John Goerzen to fix memory leak in executemany()
|
||||||
|
and callproc() (Closes: #169284).
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release (Closes: #170297).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Mon, 25 Nov 2002 16:50:37 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.13-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Python 2.3 package added (Closes: #160831)
|
||||||
|
* IntegrityError raised when needed (upstream, Closes: #165791)
|
||||||
|
* Packages are lintian clean again.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 25 Oct 2002 11:54:19 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.12-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Fixed wrong url in RELEASE-1.0. (Closes: #153840)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 13 Sep 2002 13:16:36 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.11.1-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Mon, 26 Aug 2002 10:41:54 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.11-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* The dummy python-psycopg package now depends on the new default debian
|
||||||
|
python (2.2) and on python2.2-psycopg.
|
||||||
|
* Removed support for python 1.5 (support for 2.3 has to wait for egenix
|
||||||
|
packages.)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 23 Aug 2002 11:25:01 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.10-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@initd.org> Mon, 22 Jul 2002 02:04:59 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.9-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Resolved section override (main->interpreters).
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Thu, 20 Jun 2002 14:00:42 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.8-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Tue, 23 Apr 2002 22:42:22 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.7.1-2) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Moved to main.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 19 Apr 2002 10:06:58 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.7.1-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Fixed a bug in ./configure; closes: #141774.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Mon, 8 Apr 2002 18:54:24 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.7-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 29 Mar 2002 14:24:45 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.6-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Builds with new libpq libraries and header layout.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Thu, 7 Mar 2002 11:59:40 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.5-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Mon, 4 Mar 2002 14:43:13 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.4-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Wed, 20 Feb 2002 20:37:16 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.3-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 8 Feb 2002 15:17:44 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.2-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
* Added package for python2.2 (Closes: #132650).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 8 Feb 2002 00:45:07 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0.1-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Sun, 20 Jan 2002 18:27:22 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0-4) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Added build depend on plain python, to really close the %£$! #121229
|
||||||
|
bug this time (Closes: #121229).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Wed, 28 Nov 2001 10:50:06 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0-3) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Added explicit build depends on python 1.5 & 2.1 (Closes: #121229).
|
||||||
|
* Fixed bad dependency on python1.5-egenix-mxdatetime.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Mon, 26 Nov 2001 17:18:41 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0-2) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Fixed dependencies as per python policy.
|
||||||
|
* Added default, unversioned psycopg package (python-psycopg).
|
||||||
|
* Added non-US/main and rebuilt after REJECT.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 16 Nov 2001 01:14:54 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (1.0-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release. 1.0!
|
||||||
|
* Now we build versioned packages for python 1.5 and 2.1.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Tue, 13 Nov 2001 19:24:39 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.99.7-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release fixing some little bugs.
|
||||||
|
* This version requires the mx DateTime packages that are not yet in
|
||||||
|
debian... waiting for them I'll distribute both psycopg and unofficial
|
||||||
|
packages on the initd psycopg page.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Tue, 18 Sep 2001 23:28:51 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.99.6-2) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Added suggested build-depends (Closes: #112112).
|
||||||
|
* Applied patch by Michael Weber to configure.in, to look for a compiler
|
||||||
|
(Closes: #112024).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Thu, 13 Sep 2001 10:49:37 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.99.6-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Added Build-depends line (Closes: #89798).
|
||||||
|
* Now zope-psycopgda requires python-psycopg, zope on debian still runs
|
||||||
|
with python 1.x only (Closes: #108890).
|
||||||
|
* Moved package to non-US (psycopg depends on postgresql that is in
|
||||||
|
non-US, sic).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Mon, 3 Sep 2001 13:02:11 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.99.5-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release with bound variables quoting (Closes: #102843).
|
||||||
|
* The build process set the correct path to DateTime module
|
||||||
|
(Closes: #102838).
|
||||||
|
* Removes .pyc files in prerm (Closes: #104382)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Thu, 12 Jul 2001 12:56:38 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.99.4-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Mon, 2 Jul 2001 15:33:29 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.99.3-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Wed, 20 Jun 2001 12:55:47 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.99.2-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Tue, 5 Jun 2001 15:37:50 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.99.1-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Tue, 5 Jun 2001 12:46:18 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.5.5-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream release (ok, *we* are the upstream authors, but after
|
||||||
|
putting the -1 in the version i am supposed to say "new upstream
|
||||||
|
version" when the non-debian versions changes, right? ouch...)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 1 Jun 2001 17:18:52 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.5.4-1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Another bugfixing release.
|
||||||
|
* Added debian revision to be able to release multiple versions with the
|
||||||
|
same upstream version.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 18 May 2001 19:32:59 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.5.3) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Some bugs fixed, new release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 4 May 2001 16:19:09 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.5.2) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New bugfixing release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 27 Apr 2001 09:52:16 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.5.1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New bugfixing release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Tue, 3 Apr 2001 11:13:26 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.5.0) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 30 Mar 2001 12:54:42 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.4.7) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New release.
|
||||||
|
* Lots of small bug fixes (see detailed ChangeLog.)
|
||||||
|
* Includes beginning of DBAPI-2.0 testsuite.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 16 Mar 2001 18:29:03 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.4.6) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New release.
|
||||||
|
* Fixed a little bug in debian/rules (does not create an examples
|
||||||
|
directory inside examples.)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Wed, 14 Mar 2001 01:00:26 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.4.5) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New upstream (mmm... but one of the upstream authors it is
|
||||||
|
*me*... mmm...) release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Mon, 12 Mar 2001 11:41:42 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.4.4) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New release.
|
||||||
|
* Fixed Sections in debian/control.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 9 Mar 2001 10:11:02 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.4.3) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New release.
|
||||||
|
* Fixed typo in connectionAdd.dtml (Closes: #88817)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Wed, 7 Mar 2001 15:54:35 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.4.2) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New release (fixes bugs in ZPsycopgDA.)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Mon, 5 Mar 2001 13:33:39 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.4.1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New release.
|
||||||
|
* we now create packages for both versions of python in debian
|
||||||
|
(1.5 and 2.0, packages python-* and python2-*)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 2 Mar 2001 12:10:52 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg (0.4) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* News release.
|
||||||
|
* Now debian/rules build the Zope Database Adapter zope-psycopgda too.
|
||||||
|
* Source name changed from python-psycopg to psycopg.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Tue, 27 Feb 2001 15:11:04 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
python-psycopg (0.3) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New release. Tons of bugs fixed and new features, see ChangeLog for
|
||||||
|
details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Mon, 26 Feb 2001 21:22:23 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
python-psycopg (0.2) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* New release. Fixed lots of bugs and memory leaks.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Fri, 16 Feb 2001 11:04:17 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
python-psycopg (0.1) unstable; urgency=low
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Initial release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> Mon, 12 Feb 2001 14:46:53 +0100
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
1
debian/compat
vendored
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
5
|
64
debian/control
vendored
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
|
||||||
|
Source: psycopg2
|
||||||
|
Section: python
|
||||||
|
Priority: optional
|
||||||
|
Build-Depends: debhelper (>= 5.0.37.2), python-all-dev, python-all-dbg, python-central (>= 0.5.0), python (>= 2.3.5-7), python-egenix-mx-base-dev, autoconf, libpq-dev
|
||||||
|
Build-Depends-Indep: zope-debhelper (>= 0.3.4)
|
||||||
|
Maintainer: Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
Standards-Version: 3.7.3
|
||||||
|
XS-Python-Version: all
|
||||||
|
Vcs-Svn: svn://svn.debian.org/python-modules/packages/psycopg2/trunk/
|
||||||
|
Vcs-Browser: http://svn.debian.org/wsvn/python-modules/packages/psycopg2/trunk/?op=log
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Package: python-psycopg2
|
||||||
|
Architecture: any
|
||||||
|
Section: python
|
||||||
|
Depends: ${python:Depends}, ${shlibs:Depends}, python-egenix-mxdatetime
|
||||||
|
Provides: ${python:Provides}
|
||||||
|
XB-Python-Version: ${python:Versions}
|
||||||
|
Description: Python module for PostgreSQL
|
||||||
|
psycopg is a PostgreSQL database adapter for the Python programming language
|
||||||
|
(just like pygresql and popy.) This is version 2, a complete rewrite of the
|
||||||
|
original code to provide new-style classes for connection and cursor objects
|
||||||
|
and other sweet candies. Like the original, psycopg 2 was written with the
|
||||||
|
aim of being very small and fast, and stable as a rock.
|
||||||
|
.
|
||||||
|
psycopg is different from the other database adapter because it was designed
|
||||||
|
for heavily multi-threaded applications that create and destroy lots of
|
||||||
|
cursors and make a conspicuous number of concurrent INSERTs or UPDATEs.
|
||||||
|
psycopg 2 also provides full asycronous operations for the really brave
|
||||||
|
programmer.
|
||||||
|
.
|
||||||
|
The main advantages of psycopg2 are that it supports the full Python DBAPI-2.0
|
||||||
|
and being thread safe at level 2. It also includes some extensions to the
|
||||||
|
standard DBAPI-2.0 to allow for better thread performance.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Package: python-psycopg2-dbg
|
||||||
|
Priority: extra
|
||||||
|
Architecture: any
|
||||||
|
Section: python
|
||||||
|
Depends: python-psycopg2 (= ${binary:Version}), python-dbg, python-egenix-mxdatetime-dbg, ${shlibs:Depends}
|
||||||
|
Description: Python module for PostgreSQL (debug extension)
|
||||||
|
psycopg is a PostgreSQL database adapter for the Python programming language
|
||||||
|
(just like pygresql and popy.) This is version 2, a complete rewrite of the
|
||||||
|
original code to provide new-style classes for connection and cursor objects
|
||||||
|
and other sweet candies. Like the original, psycopg 2 was written with the
|
||||||
|
aim of being very small and fast, and stable as a rock.
|
||||||
|
.
|
||||||
|
This package contains the extensions built for the Python debug interpreter.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Package: zope-psycopgda2
|
||||||
|
Architecture: all
|
||||||
|
Section: python
|
||||||
|
Depends: ${zope:Depends}, python-psycopg2 (>= ${source:Version})
|
||||||
|
Description: Zope database adapter based on python-psycopg2
|
||||||
|
The package contains the PostgreSQL database adapter for Zope 2.7, 2.8 and
|
||||||
|
2.9 based on the psycopg2 Python module.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Package: python-psycopg2da
|
||||||
|
Architecture: all
|
||||||
|
Section: python
|
||||||
|
Depends: ${zope:Depends}, python-psycopg2 (>= ${source:Version})
|
||||||
|
XB-Python-Version: ${zope:PythonVersion}
|
||||||
|
Description: Zope database adapter based on python-psycopg2 -- zope3 version
|
||||||
|
The package contains the PostgreSQL database adapter for Zope 3 based on
|
||||||
|
the psycopg2 Python module.
|
112
debian/copyright
vendored
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
|
||||||
|
This package was debianized by Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org> on
|
||||||
|
Sun, 16 Jul 2006 21:10:01 +0200.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 can be downloaded from its homepage:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
http://initd.org/projects/psycopg
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The tarball has been re-packed to get rid of the upstream debian/ directory:
|
||||||
|
no other changes have been made to the tarball.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Copyright:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Copyright (C) 2001-2006 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
Copyright (C) 2001 Michele Comitini <mcm@initd.org>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For psycopg2da:
|
||||||
|
Copyright (C) 2006 Fabio Tranchitella <kobold@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For the files doc/copy_from.py and doc/copy_to.py:
|
||||||
|
Copyright (C) 2001-2005 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
Copyright (C) 2002 Tom Jenkins <tjenkins@devis.com>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For the file tests/dbapi20.py:
|
||||||
|
Copyright (C) 2003 Ian Bicking <ianb@colorstudy.com>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For the file scripts/ext2html.py:
|
||||||
|
Copyright (C) 2003 Daniele Varrazzo <daniele.varrazzo@gmail.com>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
License for psycopg2, ZPsycopgDA and psycopg2da:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
|
||||||
|
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||||
|
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
On Debian GNU/Linux systems, the complete text of the GNU General
|
||||||
|
Public License can be found in '/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL'.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As a special exception, specific permission is granted for the GPLed
|
||||||
|
code in this distribition to be linked to OpenSSL and PostgreSQL libpq
|
||||||
|
without invoking GPL clause 2(b).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Note that the GPL was chosen to avoid proprietary adapters based on
|
||||||
|
psycopg code. Using psycopg in a proprietary product (even bundling
|
||||||
|
psycopg with the proprietary product) is fine as long as:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. psycopg is called from Python only using only the provided API
|
||||||
|
(i.e., no linking with C code and no C modules based on it); and
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. all the other points of the GPL are respected (you offer a copy
|
||||||
|
of psycopg's source code, and so on.)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
License for the files tests/dbapi20.py and scripts/ext2html.py:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
These modules have been placed in the public domain.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Alternative licenses for ZPsycopgDA:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If you prefer you can use the Zope Database Adapter ZPsycopgDA (i.e.,
|
||||||
|
every file inside the ZPsycopgDA directory) user the ZPL license as
|
||||||
|
published on the Zope web site, http://www.zope.org/Resources/ZPL.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Alternative licenses for psycopg2da:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If you prefer you can use the Zope3 Database Adapter psycopg2da (i.e.,
|
||||||
|
every file inside the psycopg2da directory) user the ZPL license as
|
||||||
|
published on the Zope web site, http://www.zope.org/Resources/ZPL.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Alternative licenses for psycopg/adapter*.{j,c} and
|
||||||
|
psycopg/microprotocol*.{h.c}:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Also, the following BSD-like license applies (at your option) to the
|
||||||
|
files following the pattern psycopg/adapter*.{h,c} and
|
||||||
|
psycopg/microprotocol*.{h,c}:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
|
||||||
|
including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
|
||||||
|
freely, subject to the following restrictions:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
|
||||||
|
claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this
|
||||||
|
software in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation
|
||||||
|
would be appreciated but is not required.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not
|
||||||
|
be misrepresented as being the original software.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
|
||||||
|
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
||||||
|
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
|
||||||
|
GNU General Public License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Proprietary licenses:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A non-exclusive license is available for companies that want to include
|
||||||
|
psycopg in their proprietary products without respecting the spirit of the
|
||||||
|
GPL. The price of the license is one day of development done by the author,
|
||||||
|
at the consulting fee he applies to his usual customers at the day of the
|
||||||
|
request.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Please contact the upstream author (Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>)
|
||||||
|
for more information about this license.
|
||||||
|
|
1
debian/pycompat
vendored
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
2
|
3
debian/python-psycopg2da.dzproduct
vendored
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
||||||
|
Name: psycopg2da
|
||||||
|
ZopeVersions: 3
|
||||||
|
Global: yes
|
93
debian/rules
vendored
Executable file
|
@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
|
||||||
|
#!/usr/bin/make -f
|
||||||
|
# Sample debian/rules that uses debhelper.
|
||||||
|
# GNU copyright 1997 to 1999 by Joey Hess.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
PYVERS=$(shell pyversions -r debian/control)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
configure: configure-stamp
|
||||||
|
configure-stamp:
|
||||||
|
dh_testdir
|
||||||
|
rm -f configure
|
||||||
|
touch configure-stamp
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
build: configure build-stamp
|
||||||
|
build-stamp:
|
||||||
|
dh_testdir
|
||||||
|
for python in $(PYVERS); do \
|
||||||
|
$$python setup.py build ; \
|
||||||
|
done
|
||||||
|
for python in $(PYVERS); do \
|
||||||
|
$$python-dbg setup.py build ; \
|
||||||
|
done
|
||||||
|
touch build-stamp
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
clean: configure
|
||||||
|
dh_testdir
|
||||||
|
dh_testroot
|
||||||
|
rm -fr *-stamp build
|
||||||
|
for python in $(PYVERS); do \
|
||||||
|
$$python setup.py clean ; \
|
||||||
|
done
|
||||||
|
dh_clean
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
install-arch: build
|
||||||
|
dh_testdir
|
||||||
|
dh_testroot
|
||||||
|
dh_clean -k
|
||||||
|
dh_installdirs
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2
|
||||||
|
for python in $(PYVERS); do \
|
||||||
|
$$python setup.py install \
|
||||||
|
--root=$(CURDIR)/debian/python-psycopg2 --no-compile; \
|
||||||
|
done
|
||||||
|
for python in $(PYVERS); do \
|
||||||
|
$$python-dbg setup.py install \
|
||||||
|
--root=$(CURDIR)/debian/python-psycopg2-dbg --no-compile; \
|
||||||
|
done
|
||||||
|
find debian/python-*-dbg ! -type d ! -name '*.so' | xargs rm -f
|
||||||
|
find debian/python-*-dbg -depth -empty -exec rmdir {} \;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
install-indep: build
|
||||||
|
# Zope package
|
||||||
|
dh_installzope -p zope-psycopgda2 ZPsycopgDA
|
||||||
|
# Zope3 package
|
||||||
|
dh_installzope -p python-psycopg2da psycopg2da
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Build architecture-independent files here.
|
||||||
|
binary-indep: build install-indep
|
||||||
|
dh_testdir
|
||||||
|
dh_testroot
|
||||||
|
dh_installdocs -i AUTHORS
|
||||||
|
dh_installchangelogs -i
|
||||||
|
dh_link -i
|
||||||
|
dh_compress -i
|
||||||
|
dh_fixperms -i
|
||||||
|
dh_pycentral -p python-psycopg2da
|
||||||
|
dh_installdeb -i
|
||||||
|
dh_gencontrol -i
|
||||||
|
dh_md5sums -i
|
||||||
|
dh_builddeb -i
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Build architecture-dependent files here.
|
||||||
|
binary-arch: build install-arch
|
||||||
|
dh_testdir
|
||||||
|
dh_testroot
|
||||||
|
dh_installdocs -a README AUTHORS doc tests
|
||||||
|
dh_installchangelogs -a ChangeLog
|
||||||
|
dh_link -a
|
||||||
|
dh_strip -ppython-psycopg2 --dbg-package=python-psycopg2-dbg
|
||||||
|
rm -rf debian/python-psycopg2-dbg/usr/share/doc/python-psycopg2-dbg
|
||||||
|
ln -s python-psycopg2 debian/python-psycopg2-dbg/usr/share/doc/python-psycopg2-dbg
|
||||||
|
dh_compress -a
|
||||||
|
dh_fixperms -a
|
||||||
|
dh_makeshlibs -a
|
||||||
|
dh_pycentral -a
|
||||||
|
dh_python -a
|
||||||
|
dh_installdeb -a
|
||||||
|
dh_shlibdeps -a
|
||||||
|
dh_gencontrol -a
|
||||||
|
dh_md5sums -a
|
||||||
|
dh_builddeb -a
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
binary: binary-indep binary-arch
|
||||||
|
.PHONY: build clean binary-indep binary-arch binary install configure
|
2
debian/watch
vendored
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
|
||||||
|
version=3
|
||||||
|
http://www.initd.org/pub/software/psycopg/psycopg2-([0-9][0-9\.\-]*).tar.gz debian uupdate
|
4
debian/zope-psycopgda2.dzproduct
vendored
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
|
||||||
|
Name: ZPsycopgDA
|
||||||
|
Directory: ZPsycopgDA:2
|
||||||
|
Package: zope-psycopgda2
|
||||||
|
ZopeVersions: >= 2.9
|
8
doc/.gitignore
vendored
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
env
|
|
||||||
src/_build/*
|
|
||||||
html/*
|
|
||||||
psycopg2.txt
|
|
||||||
src/sqlstate_errors.rst
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Added by psycopg-website to customize published docs
|
|
||||||
src/_templates/layout.html
|
|
676
doc/COPYING
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,676 @@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
|
||||||
|
Version 3, 29 June 2007
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
|
||||||
|
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
|
||||||
|
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Preamble
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
|
||||||
|
software and other kinds of works.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
|
||||||
|
to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast,
|
||||||
|
the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
|
||||||
|
share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free
|
||||||
|
software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
|
||||||
|
GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
|
||||||
|
any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to
|
||||||
|
your programs, too.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
|
||||||
|
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
|
||||||
|
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
|
||||||
|
them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
|
||||||
|
want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
|
||||||
|
free programs, and that you know you can do these things.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
|
||||||
|
these rights or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you have
|
||||||
|
certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if
|
||||||
|
you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
|
||||||
|
gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same
|
||||||
|
freedoms that you received. You must make sure that they, too, receive
|
||||||
|
or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they
|
||||||
|
know their rights.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
|
||||||
|
(1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License
|
||||||
|
giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains
|
||||||
|
that there is no warranty for this free software. For both users' and
|
||||||
|
authors' sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as
|
||||||
|
changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to
|
||||||
|
authors of previous versions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run
|
||||||
|
modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer
|
||||||
|
can do so. This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of
|
||||||
|
protecting users' freedom to change the software. The systematic
|
||||||
|
pattern of such abuse occurs in the area of products for individuals to
|
||||||
|
use, which is precisely where it is most unacceptable. Therefore, we
|
||||||
|
have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the practice for those
|
||||||
|
products. If such problems arise substantially in other domains, we
|
||||||
|
stand ready to extend this provision to those domains in future versions
|
||||||
|
of the GPL, as needed to protect the freedom of users.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.
|
||||||
|
States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of
|
||||||
|
software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to
|
||||||
|
avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could
|
||||||
|
make it effectively proprietary. To prevent this, the GPL assures that
|
||||||
|
patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
|
||||||
|
modification follow.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
0. Definitions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
"This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
"Copyright" also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of
|
||||||
|
works, such as semiconductor masks.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
"The Program" refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this
|
||||||
|
License. Each licensee is addressed as "you". "Licensees" and
|
||||||
|
"recipients" may be individuals or organizations.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To "modify" a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of the work
|
||||||
|
in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the making of an
|
||||||
|
exact copy. The resulting work is called a "modified version" of the
|
||||||
|
earlier work or a work "based on" the earlier work.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A "covered work" means either the unmodified Program or a work based
|
||||||
|
on the Program.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To "propagate" a work means to do anything with it that, without
|
||||||
|
permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for
|
||||||
|
infringement under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a
|
||||||
|
computer or modifying a private copy. Propagation includes copying,
|
||||||
|
distribution (with or without modification), making available to the
|
||||||
|
public, and in some countries other activities as well.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To "convey" a work means any kind of propagation that enables other
|
||||||
|
parties to make or receive copies. Mere interaction with a user through
|
||||||
|
a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not conveying.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
An interactive user interface displays "Appropriate Legal Notices"
|
||||||
|
to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible
|
||||||
|
feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2)
|
||||||
|
tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the
|
||||||
|
extent that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the
|
||||||
|
work under this License, and how to view a copy of this License. If
|
||||||
|
the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a
|
||||||
|
menu, a prominent item in the list meets this criterion.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Source Code.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The "source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work
|
||||||
|
for making modifications to it. "Object code" means any non-source
|
||||||
|
form of a work.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A "Standard Interface" means an interface that either is an official
|
||||||
|
standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of
|
||||||
|
interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that
|
||||||
|
is widely used among developers working in that language.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The "System Libraries" of an executable work include anything, other
|
||||||
|
than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of
|
||||||
|
packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major
|
||||||
|
Component, and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that
|
||||||
|
Major Component, or to implement a Standard Interface for which an
|
||||||
|
implementation is available to the public in source code form. A
|
||||||
|
"Major Component", in this context, means a major essential component
|
||||||
|
(kernel, window system, and so on) of the specific operating system
|
||||||
|
(if any) on which the executable work runs, or a compiler used to
|
||||||
|
produce the work, or an object code interpreter used to run it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The "Corresponding Source" for a work in object code form means all
|
||||||
|
the source code needed to generate, install, and (for an executable
|
||||||
|
work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to
|
||||||
|
control those activities. However, it does not include the work's
|
||||||
|
System Libraries, or general-purpose tools or generally available free
|
||||||
|
programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but
|
||||||
|
which are not part of the work. For example, Corresponding Source
|
||||||
|
includes interface definition files associated with source files for
|
||||||
|
the work, and the source code for shared libraries and dynamically
|
||||||
|
linked subprograms that the work is specifically designed to require,
|
||||||
|
such as by intimate data communication or control flow between those
|
||||||
|
subprograms and other parts of the work.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users
|
||||||
|
can regenerate automatically from other parts of the Corresponding
|
||||||
|
Source.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that
|
||||||
|
same work.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. Basic Permissions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of
|
||||||
|
copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated
|
||||||
|
conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited
|
||||||
|
permission to run the unmodified Program. The output from running a
|
||||||
|
covered work is covered by this License only if the output, given its
|
||||||
|
content, constitutes a covered work. This License acknowledges your
|
||||||
|
rights of fair use or other equivalent, as provided by copyright law.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not
|
||||||
|
convey, without conditions so long as your license otherwise remains
|
||||||
|
in force. You may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose
|
||||||
|
of having them make modifications exclusively for you, or provide you
|
||||||
|
with facilities for running those works, provided that you comply with
|
||||||
|
the terms of this License in conveying all material for which you do
|
||||||
|
not control copyright. Those thus making or running the covered works
|
||||||
|
for you must do so exclusively on your behalf, under your direction
|
||||||
|
and control, on terms that prohibit them from making any copies of
|
||||||
|
your copyrighted material outside their relationship with you.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under
|
||||||
|
the conditions stated below. Sublicensing is not allowed; section 10
|
||||||
|
makes it unnecessary.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological
|
||||||
|
measure under any applicable law fulfilling obligations under article
|
||||||
|
11 of the WIPO copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or
|
||||||
|
similar laws prohibiting or restricting circumvention of such
|
||||||
|
measures.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid
|
||||||
|
circumvention of technological measures to the extent such circumvention
|
||||||
|
is effected by exercising rights under this License with respect to
|
||||||
|
the covered work, and you disclaim any intention to limit operation or
|
||||||
|
modification of the work as a means of enforcing, against the work's
|
||||||
|
users, your or third parties' legal rights to forbid circumvention of
|
||||||
|
technological measures.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you
|
||||||
|
receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and
|
||||||
|
appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice;
|
||||||
|
keep intact all notices stating that this License and any
|
||||||
|
non-permissive terms added in accord with section 7 apply to the code;
|
||||||
|
keep intact all notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all
|
||||||
|
recipients a copy of this License along with the Program.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey,
|
||||||
|
and you may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to
|
||||||
|
produce it from the Program, in the form of source code under the
|
||||||
|
terms of section 4, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a) The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified
|
||||||
|
it, and giving a relevant date.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
b) The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is
|
||||||
|
released under this License and any conditions added under section
|
||||||
|
7. This requirement modifies the requirement in section 4 to
|
||||||
|
"keep intact all notices".
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
c) You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this
|
||||||
|
License to anyone who comes into possession of a copy. This
|
||||||
|
License will therefore apply, along with any applicable section 7
|
||||||
|
additional terms, to the whole of the work, and all its parts,
|
||||||
|
regardless of how they are packaged. This License gives no
|
||||||
|
permission to license the work in any other way, but it does not
|
||||||
|
invalidate such permission if you have separately received it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
d) If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
|
||||||
|
Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive
|
||||||
|
interfaces that do not display Appropriate Legal Notices, your
|
||||||
|
work need not make them do so.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent
|
||||||
|
works, which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work,
|
||||||
|
and which are not combined with it such as to form a larger program,
|
||||||
|
in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an
|
||||||
|
"aggregate" if the compilation and its resulting copyright are not
|
||||||
|
used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation's users
|
||||||
|
beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work
|
||||||
|
in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other
|
||||||
|
parts of the aggregate.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms
|
||||||
|
of sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the
|
||||||
|
machine-readable Corresponding Source under the terms of this License,
|
||||||
|
in one of these ways:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
|
||||||
|
(including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the
|
||||||
|
Corresponding Source fixed on a durable physical medium
|
||||||
|
customarily used for software interchange.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
b) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
|
||||||
|
(including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a
|
||||||
|
written offer, valid for at least three years and valid for as
|
||||||
|
long as you offer spare parts or customer support for that product
|
||||||
|
model, to give anyone who possesses the object code either (1) a
|
||||||
|
copy of the Corresponding Source for all the software in the
|
||||||
|
product that is covered by this License, on a durable physical
|
||||||
|
medium customarily used for software interchange, for a price no
|
||||||
|
more than your reasonable cost of physically performing this
|
||||||
|
conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the
|
||||||
|
Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
c) Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the
|
||||||
|
written offer to provide the Corresponding Source. This
|
||||||
|
alternative is allowed only occasionally and noncommercially, and
|
||||||
|
only if you received the object code with such an offer, in accord
|
||||||
|
with subsection 6b.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
d) Convey the object code by offering access from a designated
|
||||||
|
place (gratis or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the
|
||||||
|
Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at no
|
||||||
|
further charge. You need not require recipients to copy the
|
||||||
|
Corresponding Source along with the object code. If the place to
|
||||||
|
copy the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source
|
||||||
|
may be on a different server (operated by you or a third party)
|
||||||
|
that supports equivalent copying facilities, provided you maintain
|
||||||
|
clear directions next to the object code saying where to find the
|
||||||
|
Corresponding Source. Regardless of what server hosts the
|
||||||
|
Corresponding Source, you remain obligated to ensure that it is
|
||||||
|
available for as long as needed to satisfy these requirements.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
e) Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided
|
||||||
|
you inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding
|
||||||
|
Source of the work are being offered to the general public at no
|
||||||
|
charge under subsection 6d.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded
|
||||||
|
from the Corresponding Source as a System Library, need not be
|
||||||
|
included in conveying the object code work.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A "User Product" is either (1) a "consumer product", which means any
|
||||||
|
tangible personal property which is normally used for personal, family,
|
||||||
|
or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold for incorporation
|
||||||
|
into a dwelling. In determining whether a product is a consumer product,
|
||||||
|
doubtful cases shall be resolved in favor of coverage. For a particular
|
||||||
|
product received by a particular user, "normally used" refers to a
|
||||||
|
typical or common use of that class of product, regardless of the status
|
||||||
|
of the particular user or of the way in which the particular user
|
||||||
|
actually uses, or expects or is expected to use, the product. A product
|
||||||
|
is a consumer product regardless of whether the product has substantial
|
||||||
|
commercial, industrial or non-consumer uses, unless such uses represent
|
||||||
|
the only significant mode of use of the product.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
"Installation Information" for a User Product means any methods,
|
||||||
|
procedures, authorization keys, or other information required to install
|
||||||
|
and execute modified versions of a covered work in that User Product from
|
||||||
|
a modified version of its Corresponding Source. The information must
|
||||||
|
suffice to ensure that the continued functioning of the modified object
|
||||||
|
code is in no case prevented or interfered with solely because
|
||||||
|
modification has been made.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
|
||||||
|
specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as
|
||||||
|
part of a transaction in which the right of possession and use of the
|
||||||
|
User Product is transferred to the recipient in perpetuity or for a
|
||||||
|
fixed term (regardless of how the transaction is characterized), the
|
||||||
|
Corresponding Source conveyed under this section must be accompanied
|
||||||
|
by the Installation Information. But this requirement does not apply
|
||||||
|
if neither you nor any third party retains the ability to install
|
||||||
|
modified object code on the User Product (for example, the work has
|
||||||
|
been installed in ROM).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a
|
||||||
|
requirement to continue to provide support service, warranty, or updates
|
||||||
|
for a work that has been modified or installed by the recipient, or for
|
||||||
|
the User Product in which it has been modified or installed. Access to a
|
||||||
|
network may be denied when the modification itself materially and
|
||||||
|
adversely affects the operation of the network or violates the rules and
|
||||||
|
protocols for communication across the network.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided,
|
||||||
|
in accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly
|
||||||
|
documented (and with an implementation available to the public in
|
||||||
|
source code form), and must require no special password or key for
|
||||||
|
unpacking, reading or copying.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
7. Additional Terms.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
"Additional permissions" are terms that supplement the terms of this
|
||||||
|
License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
|
||||||
|
Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
|
||||||
|
be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent
|
||||||
|
that they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions
|
||||||
|
apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately
|
||||||
|
under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by
|
||||||
|
this License without regard to the additional permissions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option
|
||||||
|
remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of
|
||||||
|
it. (Additional permissions may be written to require their own
|
||||||
|
removal in certain cases when you modify the work.) You may place
|
||||||
|
additional permissions on material, added by you to a covered work,
|
||||||
|
for which you have or can give appropriate copyright permission.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you
|
||||||
|
add to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of
|
||||||
|
that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a) Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the
|
||||||
|
terms of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
b) Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
|
||||||
|
author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
|
||||||
|
Notices displayed by works containing it; or
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
c) Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or
|
||||||
|
requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
|
||||||
|
reasonable ways as different from the original version; or
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
d) Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or
|
||||||
|
authors of the material; or
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
e) Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some
|
||||||
|
trade names, trademarks, or service marks; or
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
f) Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that
|
||||||
|
material by anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of
|
||||||
|
it) with contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for
|
||||||
|
any liability that these contractual assumptions directly impose on
|
||||||
|
those licensors and authors.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
All other non-permissive additional terms are considered "further
|
||||||
|
restrictions" within the meaning of section 10. If the Program as you
|
||||||
|
received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
|
||||||
|
governed by this License along with a term that is a further
|
||||||
|
restriction, you may remove that term. If a license document contains
|
||||||
|
a further restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this
|
||||||
|
License, you may add to a covered work material governed by the terms
|
||||||
|
of that license document, provided that the further restriction does
|
||||||
|
not survive such relicensing or conveying.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you
|
||||||
|
must place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the
|
||||||
|
additional terms that apply to those files, or a notice indicating
|
||||||
|
where to find the applicable terms.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the
|
||||||
|
form of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions;
|
||||||
|
the above requirements apply either way.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
8. Termination.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
|
||||||
|
provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or
|
||||||
|
modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under
|
||||||
|
this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third
|
||||||
|
paragraph of section 11).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your
|
||||||
|
license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a)
|
||||||
|
provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and
|
||||||
|
finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright
|
||||||
|
holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means
|
||||||
|
prior to 60 days after the cessation.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
|
||||||
|
reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
|
||||||
|
violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
|
||||||
|
received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
|
||||||
|
copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
|
||||||
|
your receipt of the notice.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
|
||||||
|
licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
|
||||||
|
this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
|
||||||
|
reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
|
||||||
|
material under section 10.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or
|
||||||
|
run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
|
||||||
|
occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission
|
||||||
|
to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However,
|
||||||
|
nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or
|
||||||
|
modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do
|
||||||
|
not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a
|
||||||
|
covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
|
||||||
|
receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
|
||||||
|
propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible
|
||||||
|
for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
An "entity transaction" is a transaction transferring control of an
|
||||||
|
organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
|
||||||
|
organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered
|
||||||
|
work results from an entity transaction, each party to that
|
||||||
|
transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever
|
||||||
|
licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or could
|
||||||
|
give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the
|
||||||
|
Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if
|
||||||
|
the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
|
||||||
|
rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may
|
||||||
|
not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of
|
||||||
|
rights granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation
|
||||||
|
(including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that
|
||||||
|
any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
|
||||||
|
sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
11. Patents.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
|
||||||
|
License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
|
||||||
|
work thus licensed is called the contributor's "contributor version".
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims
|
||||||
|
owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
|
||||||
|
hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
|
||||||
|
by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
|
||||||
|
but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
|
||||||
|
consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For
|
||||||
|
purposes of this definition, "control" includes the right to grant
|
||||||
|
patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
|
||||||
|
this License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
|
||||||
|
patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to
|
||||||
|
make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
|
||||||
|
propagate the contents of its contributor version.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express
|
||||||
|
agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
|
||||||
|
(such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
|
||||||
|
sue for patent infringement). To "grant" such a patent license to a
|
||||||
|
party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
|
||||||
|
patent against the party.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
|
||||||
|
and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
|
||||||
|
to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
|
||||||
|
publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
|
||||||
|
then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so
|
||||||
|
available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
|
||||||
|
patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
|
||||||
|
consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
|
||||||
|
license to downstream recipients. "Knowingly relying" means you have
|
||||||
|
actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
|
||||||
|
covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
|
||||||
|
in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
|
||||||
|
country that you have reason to believe are valid.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
|
||||||
|
arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
|
||||||
|
covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
|
||||||
|
receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
|
||||||
|
or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
|
||||||
|
you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
|
||||||
|
work and works based on it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within
|
||||||
|
the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
|
||||||
|
conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
|
||||||
|
specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered
|
||||||
|
work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is
|
||||||
|
in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment
|
||||||
|
to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying
|
||||||
|
the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the
|
||||||
|
parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory
|
||||||
|
patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work
|
||||||
|
conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily
|
||||||
|
for and in connection with specific products or compilations that
|
||||||
|
contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement,
|
||||||
|
or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
|
||||||
|
any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
|
||||||
|
otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
|
||||||
|
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
|
||||||
|
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a
|
||||||
|
covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
|
||||||
|
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
|
||||||
|
not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
|
||||||
|
to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
|
||||||
|
the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
|
||||||
|
License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
|
||||||
|
permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
|
||||||
|
under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
|
||||||
|
combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
|
||||||
|
License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
|
||||||
|
but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
|
||||||
|
section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
|
||||||
|
combination as such.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
14. Revised Versions of this License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
|
||||||
|
the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
|
||||||
|
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
|
||||||
|
address new problems or concerns.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
|
||||||
|
Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
|
||||||
|
Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the
|
||||||
|
option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
|
||||||
|
version or of any later version published by the Free Software
|
||||||
|
Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the
|
||||||
|
GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
|
||||||
|
by the Free Software Foundation.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
|
||||||
|
versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
|
||||||
|
public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
|
||||||
|
to choose that version for the Program.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Later license versions may give you additional or different
|
||||||
|
permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
|
||||||
|
author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
|
||||||
|
later version.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
|
||||||
|
APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
|
||||||
|
HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
|
||||||
|
OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
|
||||||
|
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
|
||||||
|
PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
|
||||||
|
IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
|
||||||
|
ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
16. Limitation of Liability.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
|
||||||
|
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
|
||||||
|
THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
|
||||||
|
GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
|
||||||
|
USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
|
||||||
|
DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
|
||||||
|
PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
|
||||||
|
EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
||||||
|
SUCH DAMAGES.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
|
||||||
|
above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
|
||||||
|
reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
|
||||||
|
an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
|
||||||
|
Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
|
||||||
|
copy of the Program in return for a fee.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
|
||||||
|
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
|
||||||
|
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
|
||||||
|
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
|
||||||
|
state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
|
||||||
|
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
|
||||||
|
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
|
||||||
|
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||||
|
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
|
||||||
|
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
||||||
|
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
|
||||||
|
GNU General Public License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||||
|
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
|
||||||
|
notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
|
||||||
|
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
|
||||||
|
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
|
||||||
|
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
|
||||||
|
parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
|
||||||
|
might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
|
||||||
|
if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
|
||||||
|
For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
|
||||||
|
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
|
||||||
|
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
|
||||||
|
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
|
||||||
|
the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
|
||||||
|
Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
|
||||||
|
<http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||||
GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
|
GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
|
||||||
Version 3, 29 June 2007
|
Version 3, 29 June 2007
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
|
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
|
||||||
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
|
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
|
||||||
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
|
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
|
||||||
the terms and conditions of version 3 of the GNU General Public
|
the terms and conditions of version 3 of the GNU General Public
|
||||||
License, supplemented by the additional permissions listed below.
|
License, supplemented by the additional permissions listed below.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
0. Additional Definitions.
|
0. Additional Definitions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
As used herein, "this License" refers to version 3 of the GNU Lesser
|
As used herein, "this License" refers to version 3 of the GNU Lesser
|
||||||
General Public License, and the "GNU GPL" refers to version 3 of the GNU
|
General Public License, and the "GNU GPL" refers to version 3 of the GNU
|
||||||
|
@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ the following:
|
||||||
a copy of the Library already present on the user's computer
|
a copy of the Library already present on the user's computer
|
||||||
system, and (b) will operate properly with a modified version
|
system, and (b) will operate properly with a modified version
|
||||||
of the Library that is interface-compatible with the Linked
|
of the Library that is interface-compatible with the Linked
|
||||||
Version.
|
Version.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
e) Provide Installation Information, but only if you would otherwise
|
e) Provide Installation Information, but only if you would otherwise
|
||||||
be required to provide such information under section 6 of the
|
be required to provide such information under section 6 of the
|
||||||
|
|
1744
doc/ChangeLog-1.x
Normal file
43
doc/HACKING
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
|
||||||
|
General information
|
||||||
|
*******************
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Some help to people wanting to hack on psycopg. First of all, note that
|
||||||
|
*every* function in the psycopg module source code is prefixed by one of the
|
||||||
|
following words:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psyco is used for function directly callable from python (i.e., functions
|
||||||
|
in the psycopg module itself.) the only notable exception is the
|
||||||
|
source code for the module itself, that uses "psyco" even for C-only
|
||||||
|
functions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
conn is used for functions related to connection objects.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs is used for functions related to cursor objects.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
typecast is used for typecasters and utility function related to
|
||||||
|
typecaster creation and registration.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Pythonic definition of types and functions available from python are defined
|
||||||
|
in *_type.c files. Internal functions, callable only from C are located in
|
||||||
|
*_int.c files and extensions to the DBAPI can be found in the *_ext.c files.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Patches
|
||||||
|
*******
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If you submit a patch, please send a diff generated with the "-u" switch.
|
||||||
|
Also note that I don't like that much cosmetic changes (like renaming
|
||||||
|
already existing variables) and I will rewrap the patch to 78 columns
|
||||||
|
anyway, so it is much better if you do that beforehand.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The type system
|
||||||
|
***************
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Simple types, like integers and strings, are converted to python base types
|
||||||
|
(the conversion functions are in typecast_base.c). Complex types are
|
||||||
|
converted to ad-hoc types, defined in the typeobj_*.{c,h} files. The
|
||||||
|
conversion function are in the other typecast_*.c files. typecast.c defines
|
||||||
|
the basic utility functions (available through the psycopg module) used when
|
||||||
|
defining new typecasters from C and python.
|
||||||
|
|
40
doc/Makefile
|
@ -1,39 +1,23 @@
|
||||||
.PHONY: env help clean html package doctest
|
.PHONY: help clean html text doctest
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
docs: html
|
docs: html text
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
check: doctest
|
check: doctest
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The environment is currently required to build the documentation.
|
help:
|
||||||
# It is not clean by 'make clean'
|
cd src && $(MAKE) $@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
PYTHON := python$(PYTHON_VERSION)
|
html:
|
||||||
PYTHON_VERSION ?= $(shell $(PYTHON) -c 'import sys; print("%d.%d" % sys.version_info[:2])')
|
cd src && $(MAKE) $@
|
||||||
BUILD_DIR = $(shell pwd)/../build/lib.$(PYTHON_VERSION)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SPHINXBUILD ?= $$(pwd)/env/bin/sphinx-build
|
|
||||||
SPHOPTS = SPHINXBUILD=$(SPHINXBUILD)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
html: package src/sqlstate_errors.rst
|
|
||||||
$(MAKE) $(SPHOPTS) -C src $@
|
|
||||||
cp -r src/_build/html .
|
cp -r src/_build/html .
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
src/sqlstate_errors.rst: ../psycopg/sqlstate_errors.h $(BUILD_DIR)
|
text:
|
||||||
./env/bin/python src/tools/make_sqlstate_docs.py $< > $@
|
cd src && $(MAKE) $@
|
||||||
|
cd src && tools/stitch_text.py index.rst _build/text > ../psycopg2.txt
|
||||||
$(BUILD_DIR):
|
|
||||||
$(MAKE) PYTHON=$(PYTHON) -C .. package
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
doctest:
|
doctest:
|
||||||
$(MAKE) PYTHON=$(PYTHON) -C .. package
|
cd src && $(MAKE) $@
|
||||||
$(MAKE) $(SPHOPTS) -C src $@
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
clean:
|
clean:
|
||||||
$(MAKE) $(SPHOPTS) -C src $@
|
cd src && $(MAKE) $@
|
||||||
rm -rf html src/sqlstate_errors.rst
|
rm -rf html psycopg2.txt
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
env: requirements.txt
|
|
||||||
$(PYTHON) -m venv env
|
|
||||||
./env/bin/pip install -r requirements.txt
|
|
||||||
echo "$$(pwd)/../build/lib.$(PYTHON_VERSION)" \
|
|
||||||
> env/lib/python$(PYTHON_VERSION)/site-packages/psycopg.pth
|
|
||||||
|
|
42
doc/README
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
|
||||||
|
How to build psycopg documentation
|
||||||
|
----------------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Install Sphinx, maybe in a virtualenv. Tested with Sphinx 0.6.4::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
~$ virtualenv pd
|
||||||
|
New python executable in pd/bin/python
|
||||||
|
Installing setuptools............done.
|
||||||
|
~$ cd pd
|
||||||
|
~/pd$ source bin/activate
|
||||||
|
(pd)~/pd$
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Install Sphinx in the env::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(pd)~/pd$ easy_install sphinx
|
||||||
|
Searching for sphinx
|
||||||
|
Reading http://pypi.python.org/simple/sphinx/
|
||||||
|
Reading http://sphinx.pocoo.org/
|
||||||
|
Best match: Sphinx 0.6.4
|
||||||
|
...
|
||||||
|
Finished processing dependencies for sphinx
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Build psycopg2 and ensure the package can be imported (it will be used for
|
||||||
|
reading the version number, autodocs etc.)::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(pd)~/pd/psycopg2$ python setup.py build
|
||||||
|
(pd)~/pd/psycopg2$ python setup.py install
|
||||||
|
running install
|
||||||
|
...
|
||||||
|
creating ~/pd/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psycopg2
|
||||||
|
...
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Move to the ``doc`` dir and run ``make`` from there::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(pd)~/pd/psycopg2$ cd doc/
|
||||||
|
(pd)~/pd/psycopg2/doc$ make
|
||||||
|
Running Sphinx v0.6.4
|
||||||
|
...
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You should have the rendered documentation in ``./html`` and the text file
|
||||||
|
``psycopg2.txt`` now.
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
How to build psycopg documentation
|
|
||||||
----------------------------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Building the documentation usually requires building the library too for
|
|
||||||
introspection, so you will need the same prerequisites_. The only extra
|
|
||||||
prerequisite is virtualenv_: the packages needed to build the docs will be
|
|
||||||
installed when building the env.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _prerequisites: https://www.psycopg.org/docs/install.html#install-from-source
|
|
||||||
.. _virtualenv: https://virtualenv.pypa.io/en/latest/
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Build the env once with::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
make env
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Then you can build the documentation with::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
make
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You should find the rendered documentation in the ``html`` directory.
|
|
24
doc/SUCCESS
|
@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
|
||||||
From: Jack Moffitt <jack@xiph.org>
|
From: Jack Moffitt <jack@xiph.org>
|
||||||
To: Psycopg Mailing List <psycopg@lists.initd.org>
|
To: Psycopg Mailing List <psycopg@lists.initd.org>
|
||||||
Subject: Re: [Psycopg] preparing for 1.0
|
Subject: Re: [Psycopg] preparing for 1.0
|
||||||
Date: 22 Oct 2001 11:16:21 -0600
|
Date: 22 Oct 2001 11:16:21 -0600
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
www.vorbis.com is serving from 5-10k pages per day with psycopg serving
|
www.vorbis.com is serving from 5-10k pages per day with psycopg serving
|
||||||
data for most of that.
|
data for most of that.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
I plan to use it for several of our other sites, so that number will
|
I plan to use it for several of our other sites, so that number will
|
||||||
increase.
|
increase.
|
||||||
|
@ -19,11 +19,11 @@ jack.
|
||||||
From: Yury Don <gercon@vpcit.ru>
|
From: Yury Don <gercon@vpcit.ru>
|
||||||
To: Psycopg Mailing List <psycopg@lists.initd.org>
|
To: Psycopg Mailing List <psycopg@lists.initd.org>
|
||||||
Subject: Re: [Psycopg] preparing for 1.0
|
Subject: Re: [Psycopg] preparing for 1.0
|
||||||
Date: 23 Oct 2001 09:53:11 +0600
|
Date: 23 Oct 2001 09:53:11 +0600
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
We use psycopg and psycopg zope adapter since fisrt public
|
We use psycopg and psycopg zope adapter since fisrt public
|
||||||
release (it seems version 0.4). Now it works on 3 our sites and in intranet
|
release (it seems version 0.4). Now it works on 3 our sites and in intranet
|
||||||
applications. We had few problems, but all problems were quickly
|
applications. We had few problems, but all problems were quckly
|
||||||
solved. The strong side of psycopg is that it's code is well organized
|
solved. The strong side of psycopg is that it's code is well organized
|
||||||
and easy to understand. When I found a problem with non-ISO datestyle in first
|
and easy to understand. When I found a problem with non-ISO datestyle in first
|
||||||
version of psycopg, it took for me 15 or 20 minutes to learn code and
|
version of psycopg, it took for me 15 or 20 minutes to learn code and
|
||||||
|
@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ to solve the problem, even thouth my knowledge of c were poor.
|
||||||
BTW, segfault with dictfetchall on particular data set (see [Psycopg]
|
BTW, segfault with dictfetchall on particular data set (see [Psycopg]
|
||||||
dictfetchXXX() problems) disappeared in 0.99.8pre2.
|
dictfetchXXX() problems) disappeared in 0.99.8pre2.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
--
|
--
|
||||||
Best regards,
|
Best regards,
|
||||||
Yury Don
|
Yury Don
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To: Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
Cc: Psycopg Mailing List <psycopg@lists.initd.org>
|
Cc: Psycopg Mailing List <psycopg@lists.initd.org>
|
||||||
Subject: Re: [Psycopg] preparing for 1.0
|
Subject: Re: [Psycopg] preparing for 1.0
|
||||||
Date: 23 Oct 2001 08:25:52 -0400
|
Date: 23 Oct 2001 08:25:52 -0400
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The US Govt Department of Labor's Office of Disability Employment
|
The US Govt Department of Labor's Office of Disability Employment
|
||||||
Policy's DisabilityDirect website is run on zope and zpsycopg.
|
Policy's DisabilityDirect website is run on zope and zpsycopg.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Policy's DisabilityDirect website is run on zope and zpsycopg.
|
||||||
From: Scott Leerssen <sleerssen@racemi.com>
|
From: Scott Leerssen <sleerssen@racemi.com>
|
||||||
To: Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
To: Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
Subject: Re: [Psycopg] preparing for 1.0
|
Subject: Re: [Psycopg] preparing for 1.0
|
||||||
Date: 23 Oct 2001 09:56:10 -0400
|
Date: 23 Oct 2001 09:56:10 -0400
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Racemi's load management software infrastructure uses psycopg to handle
|
Racemi's load management software infrastructure uses psycopg to handle
|
||||||
complex server allocation decisions, plus storage and access of
|
complex server allocation decisions, plus storage and access of
|
||||||
|
@ -66,10 +66,10 @@ From: Andre Schubert <andre.schubert@geyer.kabeljournal.de>
|
||||||
To: Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
To: Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
Cc: Psycopg Mailing List <psycopg@lists.initd.org>
|
Cc: Psycopg Mailing List <psycopg@lists.initd.org>
|
||||||
Subject: Re: [Psycopg] preparing for 1.0
|
Subject: Re: [Psycopg] preparing for 1.0
|
||||||
Date: 23 Oct 2001 11:46:07 +0200
|
Date: 23 Oct 2001 11:46:07 +0200
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
i have changed the psycopg version to 0.99.8pre2 on all devel-machines
|
i have changed the psycopg version to 0.99.8pre2 on all devel-machines
|
||||||
and all segfaults are gone. after my holiday i wil change to 0.99.8pre2
|
and all segfaults are gone. after my holiday i wil change to 0.99.8pre2
|
||||||
or 1.0 on our production-server.
|
or 1.0 on our production-server.
|
||||||
this server contains several web-sites which are all connected to
|
this server contains several web-sites which are all connected to
|
||||||
postgres over ZPsycopgDA.
|
postgres over ZPsycopgDA.
|
||||||
|
@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ From: Fred Wilson Horch <fhorch@ecoaccess.org>
|
||||||
To: <psycopg@lists.initd.org>
|
To: <psycopg@lists.initd.org>
|
||||||
Subject: [Psycopg] Success story for psycopg
|
Subject: [Psycopg] Success story for psycopg
|
||||||
Date: 23 Oct 2001 10:59:17 -0400
|
Date: 23 Oct 2001 10:59:17 -0400
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Due to various quirks of PyGreSQL and PoPy, EcoAccess has been looking for
|
Due to various quirks of PyGreSQL and PoPy, EcoAccess has been looking for
|
||||||
a reliable, fast and relatively bug-free Python-PostgreSQL interface for
|
a reliable, fast and relatively bug-free Python-PostgreSQL interface for
|
||||||
our project.
|
our project.
|
||||||
|
@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ reports and feature requests, and we're looking forward to using psycopg
|
||||||
as the Python interface for additional database-backed web applications.
|
as the Python interface for additional database-backed web applications.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Keep up the good work!
|
Keep up the good work!
|
||||||
--
|
--
|
||||||
Fred Wilson Horch mailto:fhorch@ecoaccess.org
|
Fred Wilson Horch mailto:fhorch@ecoaccess.org
|
||||||
Executive Director, EcoAccess http://ecoaccess.org/
|
Executive Director, EcoAccess http://ecoaccess.org/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
296
doc/pep-0249.txt
|
@ -9,15 +9,15 @@ Replaces: 248
|
||||||
Release-Date: 07 Apr 1999
|
Release-Date: 07 Apr 1999
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Introduction
|
Introduction
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This API has been defined to encourage similarity between the
|
This API has been defined to encourage similarity between the
|
||||||
Python modules that are used to access databases. By doing this,
|
Python modules that are used to access databases. By doing this,
|
||||||
we hope to achieve a consistency leading to more easily understood
|
we hope to achieve a consistency leading to more easily understood
|
||||||
modules, code that is generally more portable across databases,
|
modules, code that is generally more portable across databases,
|
||||||
and a broader reach of database connectivity from Python.
|
and a broader reach of database connectivity from Python.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The interface specification consists of several sections:
|
The interface specification consists of several sections:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* Module Interface
|
* Module Interface
|
||||||
* Connection Objects
|
* Connection Objects
|
||||||
* Cursor Objects
|
* Cursor Objects
|
||||||
|
@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Introduction
|
||||||
* Type Objects and Constructors
|
* Type Objects and Constructors
|
||||||
* Implementation Hints
|
* Implementation Hints
|
||||||
* Major Changes from 1.0 to 2.0
|
* Major Changes from 1.0 to 2.0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Comments and questions about this specification may be directed
|
Comments and questions about this specification may be directed
|
||||||
to the SIG for Database Interfacing with Python
|
to the SIG for Database Interfacing with Python
|
||||||
(db-sig@python.org).
|
(db-sig@python.org).
|
||||||
|
@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Introduction
|
||||||
basis for new interfaces.
|
basis for new interfaces.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Module Interface
|
Module Interface
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Access to the database is made available through connection
|
Access to the database is made available through connection
|
||||||
objects. The module must provide the following constructor for
|
objects. The module must provide the following constructor for
|
||||||
these:
|
these:
|
||||||
|
@ -51,17 +51,17 @@ Module Interface
|
||||||
Constructor for creating a connection to the database.
|
Constructor for creating a connection to the database.
|
||||||
Returns a Connection Object. It takes a number of
|
Returns a Connection Object. It takes a number of
|
||||||
parameters which are database dependent. [1]
|
parameters which are database dependent. [1]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
These module globals must be defined:
|
These module globals must be defined:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
apilevel
|
apilevel
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
String constant stating the supported DB API level.
|
String constant stating the supported DB API level.
|
||||||
Currently only the strings '1.0' and '2.0' are allowed.
|
Currently only the strings '1.0' and '2.0' are allowed.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If not given, a DB-API 1.0 level interface should be
|
If not given, a DB-API 1.0 level interface should be
|
||||||
assumed.
|
assumed.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
threadsafety
|
threadsafety
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Integer constant stating the level of thread safety the
|
Integer constant stating the level of thread safety the
|
||||||
|
@ -81,33 +81,33 @@ Module Interface
|
||||||
or other external sources that are beyond your control.
|
or other external sources that are beyond your control.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
paramstyle
|
paramstyle
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
String constant stating the type of parameter marker
|
String constant stating the type of parameter marker
|
||||||
formatting expected by the interface. Possible values are
|
formatting expected by the interface. Possible values are
|
||||||
[2]:
|
[2]:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
'qmark' Question mark style,
|
'qmark' Question mark style,
|
||||||
e.g. '...WHERE name=?'
|
e.g. '...WHERE name=?'
|
||||||
'numeric' Numeric, positional style,
|
'numeric' Numeric, positional style,
|
||||||
e.g. '...WHERE name=:1'
|
e.g. '...WHERE name=:1'
|
||||||
'named' Named style,
|
'named' Named style,
|
||||||
e.g. '...WHERE name=:name'
|
e.g. '...WHERE name=:name'
|
||||||
'format' ANSI C printf format codes,
|
'format' ANSI C printf format codes,
|
||||||
e.g. '...WHERE name=%s'
|
e.g. '...WHERE name=%s'
|
||||||
'pyformat' Python extended format codes,
|
'pyformat' Python extended format codes,
|
||||||
e.g. '...WHERE name=%(name)s'
|
e.g. '...WHERE name=%(name)s'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The module should make all error information available through
|
The module should make all error information available through
|
||||||
these exceptions or subclasses thereof:
|
these exceptions or subclasses thereof:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Warning
|
Warning
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised for important warnings like data
|
Exception raised for important warnings like data
|
||||||
truncations while inserting, etc. It must be a subclass of
|
truncations while inserting, etc. It must be a subclass of
|
||||||
the Python StandardError (defined in the module
|
the Python StandardError (defined in the module
|
||||||
exceptions).
|
exceptions).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Error
|
Error
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception that is the base class of all other error
|
Exception that is the base class of all other error
|
||||||
exceptions. You can use this to catch all errors with one
|
exceptions. You can use this to catch all errors with one
|
||||||
|
@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ Module Interface
|
||||||
errors and thus should not use this class as base. It must
|
errors and thus should not use this class as base. It must
|
||||||
be a subclass of the Python StandardError (defined in the
|
be a subclass of the Python StandardError (defined in the
|
||||||
module exceptions).
|
module exceptions).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
InterfaceError
|
InterfaceError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised for errors that are related to the
|
Exception raised for errors that are related to the
|
||||||
|
@ -126,50 +126,50 @@ Module Interface
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised for errors that are related to the
|
Exception raised for errors that are related to the
|
||||||
database. It must be a subclass of Error.
|
database. It must be a subclass of Error.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
DataError
|
DataError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised for errors that are due to problems with
|
Exception raised for errors that are due to problems with
|
||||||
the processed data like division by zero, numeric value
|
the processed data like division by zero, numeric value
|
||||||
out of range, etc. It must be a subclass of DatabaseError.
|
out of range, etc. It must be a subclass of DatabaseError.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
OperationalError
|
OperationalError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised for errors that are related to the
|
Exception raised for errors that are related to the
|
||||||
database's operation and not necessarily under the control
|
database's operation and not necessarily under the control
|
||||||
of the programmer, e.g. an unexpected disconnect occurs,
|
of the programmer, e.g. an unexpected disconnect occurs,
|
||||||
the data source name is not found, a transaction could not
|
the data source name is not found, a transaction could not
|
||||||
be processed, a memory allocation error occurred during
|
be processed, a memory allocation error occurred during
|
||||||
processing, etc. It must be a subclass of DatabaseError.
|
processing, etc. It must be a subclass of DatabaseError.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
IntegrityError
|
IntegrityError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised when the relational integrity of the
|
Exception raised when the relational integrity of the
|
||||||
database is affected, e.g. a foreign key check fails. It
|
database is affected, e.g. a foreign key check fails. It
|
||||||
must be a subclass of DatabaseError.
|
must be a subclass of DatabaseError.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
InternalError
|
InternalError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised when the database encounters an internal
|
Exception raised when the database encounters an internal
|
||||||
error, e.g. the cursor is not valid anymore, the
|
error, e.g. the cursor is not valid anymore, the
|
||||||
transaction is out of sync, etc. It must be a subclass of
|
transaction is out of sync, etc. It must be a subclass of
|
||||||
DatabaseError.
|
DatabaseError.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ProgrammingError
|
ProgrammingError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised for programming errors, e.g. table not
|
Exception raised for programming errors, e.g. table not
|
||||||
found or already exists, syntax error in the SQL
|
found or already exists, syntax error in the SQL
|
||||||
statement, wrong number of parameters specified, etc. It
|
statement, wrong number of parameters specified, etc. It
|
||||||
must be a subclass of DatabaseError.
|
must be a subclass of DatabaseError.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
NotSupportedError
|
NotSupportedError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised in case a method or database API was used
|
Exception raised in case a method or database API was used
|
||||||
which is not supported by the database, e.g. requesting a
|
which is not supported by the database, e.g. requesting a
|
||||||
.rollback() on a connection that does not support
|
.rollback() on a connection that does not support
|
||||||
transaction or has transactions turned off. It must be a
|
transaction or has transactions turned off. It must be a
|
||||||
subclass of DatabaseError.
|
subclass of DatabaseError.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This is the exception inheritance layout:
|
This is the exception inheritance layout:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
StandardError
|
StandardError
|
||||||
|
@ -183,17 +183,17 @@ Module Interface
|
||||||
|__InternalError
|
|__InternalError
|
||||||
|__ProgrammingError
|
|__ProgrammingError
|
||||||
|__NotSupportedError
|
|__NotSupportedError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Note: The values of these exceptions are not defined. They should
|
Note: The values of these exceptions are not defined. They should
|
||||||
give the user a fairly good idea of what went wrong, though.
|
give the user a fairly good idea of what went wrong, though.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Connection Objects
|
Connection Objects
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Connection Objects should respond to the following methods:
|
Connection Objects should respond to the following methods:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.close()
|
.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Close the connection now (rather than whenever __del__ is
|
Close the connection now (rather than whenever __del__ is
|
||||||
called). The connection will be unusable from this point
|
called). The connection will be unusable from this point
|
||||||
forward; an Error (or subclass) exception will be raised
|
forward; an Error (or subclass) exception will be raised
|
||||||
|
@ -203,74 +203,74 @@ Connection Objects
|
||||||
committing the changes first will cause an implicit
|
committing the changes first will cause an implicit
|
||||||
rollback to be performed.
|
rollback to be performed.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.commit()
|
.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Commit any pending transaction to the database. Note that
|
Commit any pending transaction to the database. Note that
|
||||||
if the database supports an auto-commit feature, this must
|
if the database supports an auto-commit feature, this must
|
||||||
be initially off. An interface method may be provided to
|
be initially off. An interface method may be provided to
|
||||||
turn it back on.
|
turn it back on.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Database modules that do not support transactions should
|
Database modules that do not support transactions should
|
||||||
implement this method with void functionality.
|
implement this method with void functionality.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.rollback()
|
.rollback()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This method is optional since not all databases provide
|
This method is optional since not all databases provide
|
||||||
transaction support. [3]
|
transaction support. [3]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In case a database does provide transactions this method
|
In case a database does provide transactions this method
|
||||||
causes the the database to roll back to the start of any
|
causes the the database to roll back to the start of any
|
||||||
pending transaction. Closing a connection without
|
pending transaction. Closing a connection without
|
||||||
committing the changes first will cause an implicit
|
committing the changes first will cause an implicit
|
||||||
rollback to be performed.
|
rollback to be performed.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.cursor()
|
.cursor()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return a new Cursor Object using the connection. If the
|
Return a new Cursor Object using the connection. If the
|
||||||
database does not provide a direct cursor concept, the
|
database does not provide a direct cursor concept, the
|
||||||
module will have to emulate cursors using other means to
|
module will have to emulate cursors using other means to
|
||||||
the extent needed by this specification. [4]
|
the extent needed by this specification. [4]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Cursor Objects
|
Cursor Objects
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
These objects represent a database cursor, which is used to
|
These objects represent a database cursor, which is used to
|
||||||
manage the context of a fetch operation. Cursors created from
|
manage the context of a fetch operation. Cursors created from
|
||||||
the same connection are not isolated, i.e., any changes
|
the same connection are not isolated, i.e., any changes
|
||||||
done to the database by a cursor are immediately visible by the
|
done to the database by a cursor are immediately visible by the
|
||||||
other cursors. Cursors created from different connections can
|
other cursors. Cursors created from different connections can
|
||||||
or can not be isolated, depending on how the transaction support
|
or can not be isolated, depending on how the transaction support
|
||||||
is implemented (see also the connection's rollback() and commit()
|
is implemented (see also the connection's rollback() and commit()
|
||||||
methods.)
|
methods.)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Cursor Objects should respond to the following methods and
|
Cursor Objects should respond to the following methods and
|
||||||
attributes:
|
attributes:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.description
|
.description
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This read-only attribute is a sequence of 7-item
|
This read-only attribute is a sequence of 7-item
|
||||||
sequences. Each of these sequences contains information
|
sequences. Each of these sequences contains information
|
||||||
describing one result column: (name, type_code,
|
describing one result column: (name, type_code,
|
||||||
display_size, internal_size, precision, scale,
|
display_size, internal_size, precision, scale,
|
||||||
null_ok). The first two items (name and type_code) are
|
null_ok). The first two items (name and type_code) are
|
||||||
mandatory, the other five are optional and must be set to
|
mandatory, the other five are optional and must be set to
|
||||||
None if meaningful values are not provided.
|
None if meaningfull values are not provided.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This attribute will be None for operations that
|
This attribute will be None for operations that
|
||||||
do not return rows or if the cursor has not had an
|
do not return rows or if the cursor has not had an
|
||||||
operation invoked via the executeXXX() method yet.
|
operation invoked via the executeXXX() method yet.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The type_code can be interpreted by comparing it to the
|
The type_code can be interpreted by comparing it to the
|
||||||
Type Objects specified in the section below.
|
Type Objects specified in the section below.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.rowcount
|
.rowcount
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This read-only attribute specifies the number of rows that
|
This read-only attribute specifies the number of rows that
|
||||||
the last executeXXX() produced (for DQL statements like
|
the last executeXXX() produced (for DQL statements like
|
||||||
'select') or affected (for DML statements like 'update' or
|
'select') or affected (for DML statements like 'update' or
|
||||||
'insert').
|
'insert').
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The attribute is -1 in case no executeXXX() has been
|
The attribute is -1 in case no executeXXX() has been
|
||||||
performed on the cursor or the rowcount of the last
|
performed on the cursor or the rowcount of the last
|
||||||
operation is not determinable by the interface. [7]
|
operation is not determinable by the interface. [7]
|
||||||
|
@ -278,96 +278,96 @@ Cursor Objects
|
||||||
Note: Future versions of the DB API specification could
|
Note: Future versions of the DB API specification could
|
||||||
redefine the latter case to have the object return None
|
redefine the latter case to have the object return None
|
||||||
instead of -1.
|
instead of -1.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.callproc(procname[,parameters])
|
.callproc(procname[,parameters])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
(This method is optional since not all databases provide
|
(This method is optional since not all databases provide
|
||||||
stored procedures. [3])
|
stored procedures. [3])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Call a stored database procedure with the given name. The
|
Call a stored database procedure with the given name. The
|
||||||
sequence of parameters must contain one entry for each
|
sequence of parameters must contain one entry for each
|
||||||
argument that the procedure expects. The result of the
|
argument that the procedure expects. The result of the
|
||||||
call is returned as modified copy of the input
|
call is returned as modified copy of the input
|
||||||
sequence. Input parameters are left untouched, output and
|
sequence. Input parameters are left untouched, output and
|
||||||
input/output parameters replaced with possibly new values.
|
input/output parameters replaced with possibly new values.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The procedure may also provide a result set as
|
The procedure may also provide a result set as
|
||||||
output. This must then be made available through the
|
output. This must then be made available through the
|
||||||
standard fetchXXX() methods.
|
standard fetchXXX() methods.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.close()
|
.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Close the cursor now (rather than whenever __del__ is
|
Close the cursor now (rather than whenever __del__ is
|
||||||
called). The cursor will be unusable from this point
|
called). The cursor will be unusable from this point
|
||||||
forward; an Error (or subclass) exception will be raised
|
forward; an Error (or subclass) exception will be raised
|
||||||
if any operation is attempted with the cursor.
|
if any operation is attempted with the cursor.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.execute(operation[,parameters])
|
.execute(operation[,parameters])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Prepare and execute a database operation (query or
|
Prepare and execute a database operation (query or
|
||||||
command). Parameters may be provided as sequence or
|
command). Parameters may be provided as sequence or
|
||||||
mapping and will be bound to variables in the operation.
|
mapping and will be bound to variables in the operation.
|
||||||
Variables are specified in a database-specific notation
|
Variables are specified in a database-specific notation
|
||||||
(see the module's paramstyle attribute for details). [5]
|
(see the module's paramstyle attribute for details). [5]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A reference to the operation will be retained by the
|
A reference to the operation will be retained by the
|
||||||
cursor. If the same operation object is passed in again,
|
cursor. If the same operation object is passed in again,
|
||||||
then the cursor can optimize its behavior. This is most
|
then the cursor can optimize its behavior. This is most
|
||||||
effective for algorithms where the same operation is used,
|
effective for algorithms where the same operation is used,
|
||||||
but different parameters are bound to it (many times).
|
but different parameters are bound to it (many times).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For maximum efficiency when reusing an operation, it is
|
For maximum efficiency when reusing an operation, it is
|
||||||
best to use the setinputsizes() method to specify the
|
best to use the setinputsizes() method to specify the
|
||||||
parameter types and sizes ahead of time. It is legal for
|
parameter types and sizes ahead of time. It is legal for
|
||||||
a parameter to not match the predefined information; the
|
a parameter to not match the predefined information; the
|
||||||
implementation should compensate, possibly with a loss of
|
implementation should compensate, possibly with a loss of
|
||||||
efficiency.
|
efficiency.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The parameters may also be specified as list of tuples to
|
The parameters may also be specified as list of tuples to
|
||||||
e.g. insert multiple rows in a single operation, but this
|
e.g. insert multiple rows in a single operation, but this
|
||||||
kind of usage is depreciated: executemany() should be used
|
kind of usage is depreciated: executemany() should be used
|
||||||
instead.
|
instead.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return values are not defined.
|
Return values are not defined.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.executemany(operation,seq_of_parameters)
|
.executemany(operation,seq_of_parameters)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Prepare a database operation (query or command) and then
|
Prepare a database operation (query or command) and then
|
||||||
execute it against all parameter sequences or mappings
|
execute it against all parameter sequences or mappings
|
||||||
found in the sequence seq_of_parameters.
|
found in the sequence seq_of_parameters.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Modules are free to implement this method using multiple
|
Modules are free to implement this method using multiple
|
||||||
calls to the execute() method or by using array operations
|
calls to the execute() method or by using array operations
|
||||||
to have the database process the sequence as a whole in
|
to have the database process the sequence as a whole in
|
||||||
one call.
|
one call.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Use of this method for an operation which produces one or
|
Use of this method for an operation which produces one or
|
||||||
more result sets constitutes undefined behavior, and the
|
more result sets constitutes undefined behavior, and the
|
||||||
implementation is permitted (but not required) to raise
|
implementation is permitted (but not required) to raise
|
||||||
an exception when it detects that a result set has been
|
an exception when it detects that a result set has been
|
||||||
created by an invocation of the operation.
|
created by an invocation of the operation.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The same comments as for execute() also apply accordingly
|
The same comments as for execute() also apply accordingly
|
||||||
to this method.
|
to this method.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return values are not defined.
|
Return values are not defined.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.fetchone()
|
.fetchone()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Fetch the next row of a query result set, returning a
|
Fetch the next row of a query result set, returning a
|
||||||
single sequence, or None when no more data is
|
single sequence, or None when no more data is
|
||||||
available. [6]
|
available. [6]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
An Error (or subclass) exception is raised if the previous
|
An Error (or subclass) exception is raised if the previous
|
||||||
call to executeXXX() did not produce any result set or no
|
call to executeXXX() did not produce any result set or no
|
||||||
call was issued yet.
|
call was issued yet.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
fetchmany([size=cursor.arraysize])
|
fetchmany([size=cursor.arraysize])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Fetch the next set of rows of a query result, returning a
|
Fetch the next set of rows of a query result, returning a
|
||||||
sequence of sequences (e.g. a list of tuples). An empty
|
sequence of sequences (e.g. a list of tuples). An empty
|
||||||
sequence is returned when no more rows are available.
|
sequence is returned when no more rows are available.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The number of rows to fetch per call is specified by the
|
The number of rows to fetch per call is specified by the
|
||||||
parameter. If it is not given, the cursor's arraysize
|
parameter. If it is not given, the cursor's arraysize
|
||||||
determines the number of rows to be fetched. The method
|
determines the number of rows to be fetched. The method
|
||||||
|
@ -375,62 +375,62 @@ Cursor Objects
|
||||||
parameter. If this is not possible due to the specified
|
parameter. If this is not possible due to the specified
|
||||||
number of rows not being available, fewer rows may be
|
number of rows not being available, fewer rows may be
|
||||||
returned.
|
returned.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
An Error (or subclass) exception is raised if the previous
|
An Error (or subclass) exception is raised if the previous
|
||||||
call to executeXXX() did not produce any result set or no
|
call to executeXXX() did not produce any result set or no
|
||||||
call was issued yet.
|
call was issued yet.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Note there are performance considerations involved with
|
Note there are performance considerations involved with
|
||||||
the size parameter. For optimal performance, it is
|
the size parameter. For optimal performance, it is
|
||||||
usually best to use the arraysize attribute. If the size
|
usually best to use the arraysize attribute. If the size
|
||||||
parameter is used, then it is best for it to retain the
|
parameter is used, then it is best for it to retain the
|
||||||
same value from one fetchmany() call to the next.
|
same value from one fetchmany() call to the next.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.fetchall()
|
.fetchall()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Fetch all (remaining) rows of a query result, returning
|
Fetch all (remaining) rows of a query result, returning
|
||||||
them as a sequence of sequences (e.g. a list of tuples).
|
them as a sequence of sequences (e.g. a list of tuples).
|
||||||
Note that the cursor's arraysize attribute can affect the
|
Note that the cursor's arraysize attribute can affect the
|
||||||
performance of this operation.
|
performance of this operation.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
An Error (or subclass) exception is raised if the previous
|
An Error (or subclass) exception is raised if the previous
|
||||||
call to executeXXX() did not produce any result set or no
|
call to executeXXX() did not produce any result set or no
|
||||||
call was issued yet.
|
call was issued yet.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.nextset()
|
.nextset()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
(This method is optional since not all databases support
|
(This method is optional since not all databases support
|
||||||
multiple result sets. [3])
|
multiple result sets. [3])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This method will make the cursor skip to the next
|
This method will make the cursor skip to the next
|
||||||
available set, discarding any remaining rows from the
|
available set, discarding any remaining rows from the
|
||||||
current set.
|
current set.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If there are no more sets, the method returns
|
If there are no more sets, the method returns
|
||||||
None. Otherwise, it returns a true value and subsequent
|
None. Otherwise, it returns a true value and subsequent
|
||||||
calls to the fetch methods will return rows from the next
|
calls to the fetch methods will return rows from the next
|
||||||
result set.
|
result set.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
An Error (or subclass) exception is raised if the previous
|
An Error (or subclass) exception is raised if the previous
|
||||||
call to executeXXX() did not produce any result set or no
|
call to executeXXX() did not produce any result set or no
|
||||||
call was issued yet.
|
call was issued yet.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.arraysize
|
.arraysize
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This read/write attribute specifies the number of rows to
|
This read/write attribute specifies the number of rows to
|
||||||
fetch at a time with fetchmany(). It defaults to 1 meaning
|
fetch at a time with fetchmany(). It defaults to 1 meaning
|
||||||
to fetch a single row at a time.
|
to fetch a single row at a time.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Implementations must observe this value with respect to
|
Implementations must observe this value with respect to
|
||||||
the fetchmany() method, but are free to interact with the
|
the fetchmany() method, but are free to interact with the
|
||||||
database a single row at a time. It may also be used in
|
database a single row at a time. It may also be used in
|
||||||
the implementation of executemany().
|
the implementation of executemany().
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.setinputsizes(sizes)
|
.setinputsizes(sizes)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This can be used before a call to executeXXX() to
|
This can be used before a call to executeXXX() to
|
||||||
predefine memory areas for the operation's parameters.
|
predefine memory areas for the operation's parameters.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
sizes is specified as a sequence -- one item for each
|
sizes is specified as a sequence -- one item for each
|
||||||
input parameter. The item should be a Type Object that
|
input parameter. The item should be a Type Object that
|
||||||
corresponds to the input that will be used, or it should
|
corresponds to the input that will be used, or it should
|
||||||
|
@ -438,27 +438,27 @@ Cursor Objects
|
||||||
parameter. If the item is None, then no predefined memory
|
parameter. If the item is None, then no predefined memory
|
||||||
area will be reserved for that column (this is useful to
|
area will be reserved for that column (this is useful to
|
||||||
avoid predefined areas for large inputs).
|
avoid predefined areas for large inputs).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This method would be used before the executeXXX() method
|
This method would be used before the executeXXX() method
|
||||||
is invoked.
|
is invoked.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Implementations are free to have this method do nothing
|
Implementations are free to have this method do nothing
|
||||||
and users are free to not use it.
|
and users are free to not use it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.setoutputsize(size[,column])
|
.setoutputsize(size[,column])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Set a column buffer size for fetches of large columns
|
Set a column buffer size for fetches of large columns
|
||||||
(e.g. LONGs, BLOBs, etc.). The column is specified as an
|
(e.g. LONGs, BLOBs, etc.). The column is specified as an
|
||||||
index into the result sequence. Not specifying the column
|
index into the result sequence. Not specifying the column
|
||||||
will set the default size for all large columns in the
|
will set the default size for all large columns in the
|
||||||
cursor.
|
cursor.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This method would be used before the executeXXX() method
|
This method would be used before the executeXXX() method
|
||||||
is invoked.
|
is invoked.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Implementations are free to have this method do nothing
|
Implementations are free to have this method do nothing
|
||||||
and users are free to not use it.
|
and users are free to not use it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Type Objects and Constructors
|
Type Objects and Constructors
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -485,15 +485,15 @@ Type Objects and Constructors
|
||||||
Implementation Hints below for details).
|
Implementation Hints below for details).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The module exports the following constructors and singletons:
|
The module exports the following constructors and singletons:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Date(year,month,day)
|
Date(year,month,day)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This function constructs an object holding a date value.
|
This function constructs an object holding a date value.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Time(hour,minute,second)
|
Time(hour,minute,second)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This function constructs an object holding a time value.
|
This function constructs an object holding a time value.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Timestamp(year,month,day,hour,minute,second)
|
Timestamp(year,month,day,hour,minute,second)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This function constructs an object holding a time stamp
|
This function constructs an object holding a time stamp
|
||||||
|
@ -507,12 +507,12 @@ Type Objects and Constructors
|
||||||
module for details).
|
module for details).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
TimeFromTicks(ticks)
|
TimeFromTicks(ticks)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This function constructs an object holding a time value
|
This function constructs an object holding a time value
|
||||||
from the given ticks value (number of seconds since the
|
from the given ticks value (number of seconds since the
|
||||||
epoch; see the documentation of the standard Python time
|
epoch; see the documentation of the standard Python time
|
||||||
module for details).
|
module for details).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
TimestampFromTicks(ticks)
|
TimestampFromTicks(ticks)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This function constructs an object holding a time stamp
|
This function constructs an object holding a time stamp
|
||||||
|
@ -521,10 +521,10 @@ Type Objects and Constructors
|
||||||
time module for details).
|
time module for details).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Binary(string)
|
Binary(string)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This function constructs an object capable of holding a
|
This function constructs an object capable of holding a
|
||||||
binary (long) string value.
|
binary (long) string value.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
STRING
|
STRING
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -535,22 +535,22 @@ Type Objects and Constructors
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This type object is used to describe (long) binary columns
|
This type object is used to describe (long) binary columns
|
||||||
in a database (e.g. LONG, RAW, BLOBs).
|
in a database (e.g. LONG, RAW, BLOBs).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
NUMBER
|
NUMBER
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This type object is used to describe numeric columns in a
|
This type object is used to describe numeric columns in a
|
||||||
database.
|
database.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
DATETIME
|
DATETIME
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This type object is used to describe date/time columns in
|
This type object is used to describe date/time columns in
|
||||||
a database.
|
a database.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ROWID
|
ROWID
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This type object is used to describe the "Row ID" column
|
This type object is used to describe the "Row ID" column
|
||||||
in a database.
|
in a database.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SQL NULL values are represented by the Python None singleton on
|
SQL NULL values are represented by the Python None singleton on
|
||||||
input and output.
|
input and output.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ Implementation Hints for Module Authors
|
||||||
* The preferred object types for the date/time objects are those
|
* The preferred object types for the date/time objects are those
|
||||||
defined in the mxDateTime package. It provides all necessary
|
defined in the mxDateTime package. It provides all necessary
|
||||||
constructors and methods both at Python and C level.
|
constructors and methods both at Python and C level.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* The preferred object type for Binary objects are the
|
* The preferred object type for Binary objects are the
|
||||||
buffer types available in standard Python starting with
|
buffer types available in standard Python starting with
|
||||||
version 1.5.2. Please see the Python documentation for
|
version 1.5.2. Please see the Python documentation for
|
||||||
|
@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ Implementation Hints for Module Authors
|
||||||
processing. However, it should be noted that this does not
|
processing. However, it should be noted that this does not
|
||||||
expose a C API like mxDateTime does which means that integration
|
expose a C API like mxDateTime does which means that integration
|
||||||
with C based database modules is more difficult.
|
with C based database modules is more difficult.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* Here is a sample implementation of the Unix ticks based
|
* Here is a sample implementation of the Unix ticks based
|
||||||
constructors for date/time delegating work to the generic
|
constructors for date/time delegating work to the generic
|
||||||
constructors:
|
constructors:
|
||||||
|
@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ Implementation Hints for Module Authors
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
class NotSupportedError(DatabaseError):
|
class NotSupportedError(DatabaseError):
|
||||||
pass
|
pass
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In C you can use the PyErr_NewException(fullname,
|
In C you can use the PyErr_NewException(fullname,
|
||||||
base, NULL) API to create the exception objects.
|
base, NULL) API to create the exception objects.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -760,7 +760,7 @@ Optional DB API Extensions
|
||||||
Warning Message: "DB-API extension connection.messages used"
|
Warning Message: "DB-API extension connection.messages used"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Cursor Method .next()
|
Cursor Method .next()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return the next row from the currently executing SQL statement
|
Return the next row from the currently executing SQL statement
|
||||||
using the same semantics as .fetchone(). A StopIteration
|
using the same semantics as .fetchone(). A StopIteration
|
||||||
exception is raised when the result set is exhausted for Python
|
exception is raised when the result set is exhausted for Python
|
||||||
|
@ -790,13 +790,13 @@ Optional DB API Extensions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Warning Message: "DB-API extension cursor.lastrowid used"
|
Warning Message: "DB-API extension cursor.lastrowid used"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Optional Error Handling Extension
|
Optional Error Handling Extension
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The core DB API specification only introduces a set of exceptions
|
The core DB API specification only introduces a set of exceptions
|
||||||
which can be raised to report errors to the user. In some cases,
|
which can be raised to report errors to the user. In some cases,
|
||||||
exceptions may be too disruptive for the flow of a program or even
|
exceptions may be too disruptive for the flow of a program or even
|
||||||
render execution impossible.
|
render execution impossible.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For these cases and in order to simplify error handling when
|
For these cases and in order to simplify error handling when
|
||||||
dealing with databases, database module authors may choose to
|
dealing with databases, database module authors may choose to
|
||||||
|
@ -806,7 +806,7 @@ Optional Error Handling Extension
|
||||||
Cursor/Connection Attribute .errorhandler
|
Cursor/Connection Attribute .errorhandler
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Read/write attribute which references an error handler to call
|
Read/write attribute which references an error handler to call
|
||||||
in case an error condition is met.
|
in case an error condition is met.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The handler must be a Python callable taking the following
|
The handler must be a Python callable taking the following
|
||||||
arguments: errorhandler(connection, cursor, errorclass,
|
arguments: errorhandler(connection, cursor, errorclass,
|
||||||
|
@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ Frequently Asked Questions
|
||||||
specification. This section covers some of the issues people
|
specification. This section covers some of the issues people
|
||||||
sometimes have with the specification.
|
sometimes have with the specification.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Question:
|
Question:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
How can I construct a dictionary out of the tuples returned by
|
How can I construct a dictionary out of the tuples returned by
|
||||||
.fetchxxx():
|
.fetchxxx():
|
||||||
|
@ -855,7 +855,7 @@ Frequently Asked Questions
|
||||||
* Some databases don't support case-sensitive column names or
|
* Some databases don't support case-sensitive column names or
|
||||||
auto-convert them to all lowercase or all uppercase
|
auto-convert them to all lowercase or all uppercase
|
||||||
characters.
|
characters.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* Columns in the result set which are generated by the query
|
* Columns in the result set which are generated by the query
|
||||||
(e.g. using SQL functions) don't map to table column names
|
(e.g. using SQL functions) don't map to table column names
|
||||||
and databases usually generate names for these columns in a
|
and databases usually generate names for these columns in a
|
||||||
|
@ -872,9 +872,9 @@ Major Changes from Version 1.0 to Version 2.0
|
||||||
compared to the 1.0 version. Because some of these changes will
|
compared to the 1.0 version. Because some of these changes will
|
||||||
cause existing DB API 1.0 based scripts to break, the major
|
cause existing DB API 1.0 based scripts to break, the major
|
||||||
version number was adjusted to reflect this change.
|
version number was adjusted to reflect this change.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
These are the most important changes from 1.0 to 2.0:
|
These are the most important changes from 1.0 to 2.0:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* The need for a separate dbi module was dropped and the
|
* The need for a separate dbi module was dropped and the
|
||||||
functionality merged into the module interface itself.
|
functionality merged into the module interface itself.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -886,10 +886,10 @@ Major Changes from Version 1.0 to Version 2.0
|
||||||
* New constants (apilevel, threadlevel, paramstyle) and
|
* New constants (apilevel, threadlevel, paramstyle) and
|
||||||
methods (executemany, nextset) were added to provide better
|
methods (executemany, nextset) were added to provide better
|
||||||
database bindings.
|
database bindings.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* The semantics of .callproc() needed to call stored
|
* The semantics of .callproc() needed to call stored
|
||||||
procedures are now clearly defined.
|
procedures are now clearly defined.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* The definition of the .execute() return value changed.
|
* The definition of the .execute() return value changed.
|
||||||
Previously, the return value was based on the SQL statement
|
Previously, the return value was based on the SQL statement
|
||||||
type (which was hard to implement right) -- it is undefined
|
type (which was hard to implement right) -- it is undefined
|
||||||
|
@ -898,7 +898,7 @@ Major Changes from Version 1.0 to Version 2.0
|
||||||
values, but these are no longer mandated by the
|
values, but these are no longer mandated by the
|
||||||
specification and should be considered database interface
|
specification and should be considered database interface
|
||||||
dependent.
|
dependent.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* Class based exceptions were incorporated into the
|
* Class based exceptions were incorporated into the
|
||||||
specification. Module implementors are free to extend the
|
specification. Module implementors are free to extend the
|
||||||
exception layout defined in this specification by
|
exception layout defined in this specification by
|
||||||
|
@ -916,10 +916,10 @@ Open Issues
|
||||||
questions that were left open in the 1.0 version, there are still
|
questions that were left open in the 1.0 version, there are still
|
||||||
some remaining issues which should be addressed in future
|
some remaining issues which should be addressed in future
|
||||||
versions:
|
versions:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* Define a useful return value for .nextset() for the case where
|
* Define a useful return value for .nextset() for the case where
|
||||||
a new result set is available.
|
a new result set is available.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* Create a fixed point numeric type for use as loss-less
|
* Create a fixed point numeric type for use as loss-less
|
||||||
monetary and decimal interchange format.
|
monetary and decimal interchange format.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -929,17 +929,17 @@ Footnotes
|
||||||
[1] As a guideline the connection constructor parameters should be
|
[1] As a guideline the connection constructor parameters should be
|
||||||
implemented as keyword parameters for more intuitive use and
|
implemented as keyword parameters for more intuitive use and
|
||||||
follow this order of parameters:
|
follow this order of parameters:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
dsn Data source name as string
|
dsn Data source name as string
|
||||||
user User name as string (optional)
|
user User name as string (optional)
|
||||||
password Password as string (optional)
|
password Password as string (optional)
|
||||||
host Hostname (optional)
|
host Hostname (optional)
|
||||||
database Database name (optional)
|
database Database name (optional)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
E.g. a connect could look like this:
|
E.g. a connect could look like this:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
connect(dsn='myhost:MYDB',user='guido',password='234$')
|
connect(dsn='myhost:MYDB',user='guido',password='234$')
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
[2] Module implementors should prefer 'numeric', 'named' or
|
[2] Module implementors should prefer 'numeric', 'named' or
|
||||||
'pyformat' over the other formats because these offer more
|
'pyformat' over the other formats because these offer more
|
||||||
clarity and flexibility.
|
clarity and flexibility.
|
||||||
|
@ -947,41 +947,41 @@ Footnotes
|
||||||
[3] If the database does not support the functionality required
|
[3] If the database does not support the functionality required
|
||||||
by the method, the interface should throw an exception in
|
by the method, the interface should throw an exception in
|
||||||
case the method is used.
|
case the method is used.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The preferred approach is to not implement the method and
|
The preferred approach is to not implement the method and
|
||||||
thus have Python generate an AttributeError in
|
thus have Python generate an AttributeError in
|
||||||
case the method is requested. This allows the programmer to
|
case the method is requested. This allows the programmer to
|
||||||
check for database capabilities using the standard
|
check for database capabilities using the standard
|
||||||
hasattr() function.
|
hasattr() function.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For some dynamically configured interfaces it may not be
|
For some dynamically configured interfaces it may not be
|
||||||
appropriate to require dynamically making the method
|
appropriate to require dynamically making the method
|
||||||
available. These interfaces should then raise a
|
available. These interfaces should then raise a
|
||||||
NotSupportedError to indicate the non-ability
|
NotSupportedError to indicate the non-ability
|
||||||
to perform the roll back when the method is invoked.
|
to perform the roll back when the method is invoked.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
[4] a database interface may choose to support named cursors by
|
[4] a database interface may choose to support named cursors by
|
||||||
allowing a string argument to the method. This feature is
|
allowing a string argument to the method. This feature is
|
||||||
not part of the specification, since it complicates
|
not part of the specification, since it complicates
|
||||||
semantics of the .fetchXXX() methods.
|
semantics of the .fetchXXX() methods.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
[5] The module will use the __getitem__ method of the parameters
|
[5] The module will use the __getitem__ method of the parameters
|
||||||
object to map either positions (integers) or names (strings)
|
object to map either positions (integers) or names (strings)
|
||||||
to parameter values. This allows for both sequences and
|
to parameter values. This allows for both sequences and
|
||||||
mappings to be used as input.
|
mappings to be used as input.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The term "bound" refers to the process of binding an input
|
The term "bound" refers to the process of binding an input
|
||||||
value to a database execution buffer. In practical terms,
|
value to a database execution buffer. In practical terms,
|
||||||
this means that the input value is directly used as a value
|
this means that the input value is directly used as a value
|
||||||
in the operation. The client should not be required to
|
in the operation. The client should not be required to
|
||||||
"escape" the value so that it can be used -- the value
|
"escape" the value so that it can be used -- the value
|
||||||
should be equal to the actual database value.
|
should be equal to the actual database value.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
[6] Note that the interface may implement row fetching using
|
[6] Note that the interface may implement row fetching using
|
||||||
arrays and other optimizations. It is not
|
arrays and other optimizations. It is not
|
||||||
guaranteed that a call to this method will only move the
|
guaranteed that a call to this method will only move the
|
||||||
associated cursor forward by one row.
|
associated cursor forward by one row.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
[7] The rowcount attribute may be coded in a way that updates
|
[7] The rowcount attribute may be coded in a way that updates
|
||||||
its value dynamically. This can be useful for databases that
|
its value dynamically. This can be useful for databases that
|
||||||
return usable rowcount values only after the first call to
|
return usable rowcount values only after the first call to
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
How to make a psycopg2 release
|
|
||||||
==============================
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Edit ``setup.py`` and set a stable version release. Use PEP 440 to choose
|
|
||||||
version numbers, e.g.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- ``2.7``: a new major release, new features
|
|
||||||
- ``2.7.1``: a bugfix release
|
|
||||||
- ``2.7.1.1``: a release to fix packaging problems
|
|
||||||
- ``2.7.2.dev0``: version held during development, non-public test packages...
|
|
||||||
- ``2.8b1``: a beta for public tests
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In the rest of this document we assume you have exported the version number
|
|
||||||
into an environment variable, e.g.::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ export VERSION=2.8.4
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Push psycopg2 to master or to the maint branch. Make sure tests on `GitHub
|
|
||||||
Actions`__.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://github.com/psycopg/psycopg2/actions/workflows/tests.yml
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Create a signed tag with the content of the relevant NEWS bit and push it.
|
|
||||||
E.g.::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Tag name will be 2_8_4
|
|
||||||
$ git tag -a -s ${VERSION//\./_}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg 2.8.4 released
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
What's new in psycopg 2.8.4
|
|
||||||
---------------------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
New features:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Fixed bug blah (:ticket:`#42`).
|
|
||||||
...
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Create the packages:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- On GitHub Actions run manually a `package build workflow`__.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://github.com/psycopg/psycopg2/actions/workflows/packages.yml
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- When the workflows have finished download the packages from the job
|
|
||||||
artifacts.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Only for stable packages: upload the signed packages on PyPI::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ twine upload -s wheelhouse/psycopg2-${VERSION}/*
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Create a release and release notes in the psycopg website, announce to
|
|
||||||
psycopg and pgsql-announce mailing lists.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Edit ``setup.py`` changing the version again (e.g. go to ``2.8.5.dev0``).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Releasing test packages
|
|
||||||
-----------------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Test packages may be uploaded on the `PyPI testing site`__ using::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ twine upload -s -r testpypi wheelhouse/psycopg2-${VERSION}/*
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
assuming `proper configuration`__ of ``~/.pypirc``.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://test.pypi.org/project/psycopg2/
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://wiki.python.org/moin/TestPyPI
|
|
|
@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
Sphinx
|
|
||||||
sphinx-better-theme
|
|
|
@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
#
|
|
||||||
# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.10
|
|
||||||
# by the following command:
|
|
||||||
#
|
|
||||||
# pip-compile requirements.in
|
|
||||||
#
|
|
||||||
alabaster==0.7.13
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
babel==2.12.1
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
certifi>=2023.7.22
|
|
||||||
# via requests
|
|
||||||
charset-normalizer==3.1.0
|
|
||||||
# via requests
|
|
||||||
docutils==0.19
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
idna==3.4
|
|
||||||
# via requests
|
|
||||||
imagesize==1.4.1
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
jinja2==3.1.2
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
markupsafe==2.1.2
|
|
||||||
# via jinja2
|
|
||||||
packaging==23.1
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
pygments==2.15.0
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
requests==2.31.0
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
snowballstemmer==2.2.0
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
sphinx==6.1.3
|
|
||||||
# via -r requirements.in
|
|
||||||
sphinx-better-theme==0.1.5
|
|
||||||
# via -r requirements.in
|
|
||||||
sphinxcontrib-applehelp==1.0.4
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
sphinxcontrib-devhelp==1.0.2
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
sphinxcontrib-htmlhelp==2.0.1
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
sphinxcontrib-jsmath==1.0.1
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
sphinxcontrib-qthelp==1.0.3
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
sphinxcontrib-serializinghtml==1.1.5
|
|
||||||
# via sphinx
|
|
||||||
urllib3==1.26.17
|
|
||||||
# via requests
|
|
|
@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
|
||||||
|
@import url("default.css");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
blockquote {
|
blockquote {
|
||||||
font-style: italic;
|
font-style: italic;
|
||||||
}
|
}
|
||||||
|
@ -12,18 +14,11 @@ div.dbapi-extension {
|
||||||
border: 1px solid #aaf;
|
border: 1px solid #aaf;
|
||||||
}
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
code.sql,
|
|
||||||
tt.sql {
|
tt.sql {
|
||||||
font-size: 1em;
|
font-size: 1em;
|
||||||
background-color: transparent;
|
background-color: transparent;
|
||||||
}
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
a > code.sql,
|
|
||||||
a > tt.sql {
|
|
||||||
font-weight: normal;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
a > code.sql:hover,
|
|
||||||
a > tt.sql:hover {
|
a > tt.sql:hover {
|
||||||
text-decoration: underline;
|
text-decoration: underline;
|
||||||
}
|
}
|
||||||
|
@ -31,106 +26,3 @@ a > tt.sql:hover {
|
||||||
dl.faq dt {
|
dl.faq dt {
|
||||||
font-weight: bold;
|
font-weight: bold;
|
||||||
}
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
table.data-types div.line-block {
|
|
||||||
margin-bottom: 0;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
/* better theme customisation */
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
body {
|
|
||||||
background-color: #216464;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
header, .related, .document, footer {
|
|
||||||
background-color: white;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
header h1 {
|
|
||||||
font-size: 150%;
|
|
||||||
margin-bottom: 0;
|
|
||||||
padding: 0.5rem 10px 0.5rem 10px;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
h1, h2, h3 {
|
|
||||||
font-weight: normal;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.body h1, .body h2, .body h3 {
|
|
||||||
color: #074848;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
h1 {
|
|
||||||
font-size: 200%;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
h2 {
|
|
||||||
font-size: 160%;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
h3 {
|
|
||||||
font-size: 140%;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
footer#pagefooter {
|
|
||||||
margin-bottom: 1rem;
|
|
||||||
font-size: 85%;
|
|
||||||
color: #444;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#rellinks, #breadcrumbs {
|
|
||||||
padding-right: 10px;
|
|
||||||
padding-left: 10px;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.sphinxsidebar {
|
|
||||||
padding-left: 10px;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.bodywrapper {
|
|
||||||
padding-right: 10px;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
div.body h1, div.body h2, div.body h3 {
|
|
||||||
background-color: #f2f2f2;
|
|
||||||
border-bottom: 1px solid #d0d0d0;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
div.body p.rubric {
|
|
||||||
border-bottom: 1px solid #d0d0d0;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
body .sphinxsidebar .search {
|
|
||||||
margin-top: 0;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
html pre {
|
|
||||||
background-color: #efc;
|
|
||||||
border: 1px solid #ac9;
|
|
||||||
border-left: none;
|
|
||||||
border-right: none;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
a, a:visited {
|
|
||||||
color: #0b6868;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
th {
|
|
||||||
background-color: #ede;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
code.xref, a code {
|
|
||||||
font-weight: bold;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
code.descname {
|
|
||||||
font-weight: bold;
|
|
||||||
font-size: 120%;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@media (max-width: 820px) {
|
|
||||||
body {
|
|
||||||
background-color: white;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
{# Add a title over the search box #}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
{%- if pagename != "search" %}
|
|
||||||
<h3>Quick search</h3>
|
|
||||||
{%- include "!searchbox.html" %}
|
|
||||||
{%- endif %}
|
|
|
@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ More advanced topics
|
||||||
conn.commit()
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def wait(conn):
|
def wait(conn):
|
||||||
while True:
|
while 1:
|
||||||
state = conn.poll()
|
state = conn.poll()
|
||||||
if state == psycopg2.extensions.POLL_OK:
|
if state == psycopg2.extensions.POLL_OK:
|
||||||
break
|
break
|
||||||
|
@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ More advanced topics
|
||||||
wait(aconn)
|
wait(aconn)
|
||||||
acurs = aconn.cursor()
|
acurs = aconn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
double: Subclassing; Cursor
|
double: Subclassing; Cursor
|
||||||
double: Subclassing; Connection
|
double: Subclassing; Connection
|
||||||
|
@ -46,16 +45,6 @@ but other uses are possible. `cursor` is much more interesting, because
|
||||||
it is the class where query building, execution and result type-casting into
|
it is the class where query building, execution and result type-casting into
|
||||||
Python variables happens.
|
Python variables happens.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The `~psycopg2.extras` module contains several examples of :ref:`connection
|
|
||||||
and cursor subclasses <cursor-subclasses>`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you only need a customized cursor class, since Psycopg 2.5 you can use
|
|
||||||
the `~connection.cursor_factory` parameter of a regular connection instead
|
|
||||||
of creating a new `!connection` subclass.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
single: Example; Cursor subclass
|
single: Example; Cursor subclass
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -145,9 +134,7 @@ geometric type:
|
||||||
... self.y = y
|
... self.y = y
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> def adapt_point(point):
|
>>> def adapt_point(point):
|
||||||
... x = adapt(point.x).getquoted()
|
... return AsIs("'(%s, %s)'" % (adapt(point.x), adapt(point.y)))
|
||||||
... y = adapt(point.y).getquoted()
|
|
||||||
... return AsIs("'(%s, %s)'" % (x, y))
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> register_adapter(Point, adapt_point)
|
>>> register_adapter(Point, adapt_point)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -156,11 +143,11 @@ geometric type:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |point| replace:: :sql:`point`
|
.. |point| replace:: :sql:`point`
|
||||||
.. _point: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/datatype-geometric.html#DATATYPE-GEOMETRIC
|
.. _point: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/datatype-geometric.html#DATATYPE-GEOMETRIC
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The above function call results in the SQL command::
|
The above function call results in the SQL command::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
INSERT INTO atable (apoint) VALUES ('(1.23, 4.56)');
|
INSERT INTO atable (apoint) VALUES ((1.23, 4.56));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -188,7 +175,7 @@ representation into the previously defined `!Point` class:
|
||||||
... return Point(float(m.group(1)), float(m.group(2)))
|
... return Point(float(m.group(1)), float(m.group(2)))
|
||||||
... else:
|
... else:
|
||||||
... raise InterfaceError("bad point representation: %r" % value)
|
... raise InterfaceError("bad point representation: %r" % value)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In order to create a mapping from a PostgreSQL type (either standard or
|
In order to create a mapping from a PostgreSQL type (either standard or
|
||||||
user-defined), its OID must be known. It can be retrieved either by the second
|
user-defined), its OID must be known. It can be retrieved either by the second
|
||||||
|
@ -226,12 +213,9 @@ read:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> cur.execute("SELECT '(10.2,20.3)'::point")
|
>>> cur.execute("SELECT '(10.2,20.3)'::point")
|
||||||
>>> point = cur.fetchone()[0]
|
>>> point = cur.fetchone()[0]
|
||||||
>>> print(type(point), point.x, point.y)
|
>>> print type(point), point.x, point.y
|
||||||
<class 'Point'> 10.2 20.3
|
<class 'Point'> 10.2 20.3
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A typecaster created by `!new_type()` can be also used with
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.new_array_type()` to create a typecaster converting a
|
|
||||||
PostgreSQL array into a Python list.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
|
@ -255,13 +239,14 @@ be sent from Python code simply executing a :sql:`NOTIFY` command in an
|
||||||
`~cursor.execute()` call.
|
`~cursor.execute()` call.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Because of the way sessions interact with notifications (see |NOTIFY|_
|
Because of the way sessions interact with notifications (see |NOTIFY|_
|
||||||
documentation), you should keep the connection in `~connection.autocommit`
|
documentation), you should keep the connection in :ref:`autocommit
|
||||||
mode if you wish to receive or send notifications in a timely manner.
|
<autocommit>` mode if you wish to receive or send notifications in a timely
|
||||||
|
manner.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |LISTEN| replace:: :sql:`LISTEN`
|
.. |LISTEN| replace:: :sql:`LISTEN`
|
||||||
.. _LISTEN: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-listen.html
|
.. _LISTEN: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/sql-listen.html
|
||||||
.. |NOTIFY| replace:: :sql:`NOTIFY`
|
.. |NOTIFY| replace:: :sql:`NOTIFY`
|
||||||
.. _NOTIFY: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-notify.html
|
.. _NOTIFY: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/sql-notify.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Notifications are received after every query execution. If the user is
|
Notifications are received after every query execution. If the user is
|
||||||
interested in receiving notifications but not in performing any query, the
|
interested in receiving notifications but not in performing any query, the
|
||||||
|
@ -270,7 +255,7 @@ wasting resources.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A simple application could poll the connection from time to time to check if
|
A simple application could poll the connection from time to time to check if
|
||||||
something new has arrived. A better strategy is to use some I/O completion
|
something new has arrived. A better strategy is to use some I/O completion
|
||||||
function such as :py:func:`~select.select` to sleep until awakened by the kernel when there is
|
function such as :py:func:`~select.select` to sleep until awaken from the kernel when there is
|
||||||
some data to read on the connection, thereby using no CPU unless there is
|
some data to read on the connection, thereby using no CPU unless there is
|
||||||
something to read::
|
something to read::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -284,20 +269,18 @@ something to read::
|
||||||
curs = conn.cursor()
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
curs.execute("LISTEN test;")
|
curs.execute("LISTEN test;")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
print("Waiting for notifications on channel 'test'")
|
print "Waiting for notifications on channel 'test'"
|
||||||
while True:
|
while 1:
|
||||||
if select.select([conn],[],[],5) == ([],[],[]):
|
if select.select([conn],[],[],5) == ([],[],[]):
|
||||||
print("Timeout")
|
print "Timeout"
|
||||||
else:
|
else:
|
||||||
conn.poll()
|
conn.poll()
|
||||||
while conn.notifies:
|
while conn.notifies:
|
||||||
notify = conn.notifies.pop(0)
|
notify = conn.notifies.pop()
|
||||||
print("Got NOTIFY:", notify.pid, notify.channel, notify.payload)
|
print "Got NOTIFY:", notify.pid, notify.channel, notify.payload
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Running the script and executing a command such as :sql:`NOTIFY test, 'hello'`
|
Running the script and executing a command such as :sql:`NOTIFY test, 'hello'`
|
||||||
in a separate :program:`psql` shell, the output may look similar to:
|
in a separate :program:`psql` shell, the output may look similar to::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: none
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Waiting for notifications on channel 'test'
|
Waiting for notifications on channel 'test'
|
||||||
Timeout
|
Timeout
|
||||||
|
@ -314,10 +297,6 @@ received from a previous version server will have the
|
||||||
Added `~psycopg2.extensions.Notify` object and handling notification
|
Added `~psycopg2.extensions.Notify` object and handling notification
|
||||||
payload.
|
payload.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
The `~connection.notifies` attribute is writable: it is possible to
|
|
||||||
replace it with any object exposing an `!append()` method. An useful
|
|
||||||
example would be to use a `~collections.deque` object.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
|
@ -328,7 +307,7 @@ received from a previous version server will have the
|
||||||
Asynchronous support
|
Asynchronous support
|
||||||
--------------------
|
--------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.2
|
.. versionadded:: 2.2.0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg can issue asynchronous queries to a PostgreSQL database. An asynchronous
|
Psycopg can issue asynchronous queries to a PostgreSQL database. An asynchronous
|
||||||
communication style is established passing the parameter *async*\=1 to the
|
communication style is established passing the parameter *async*\=1 to the
|
||||||
|
@ -347,7 +326,7 @@ together with the Python :py:func:`~select.select` function in order to carry on
|
||||||
asynchronous operations with Psycopg::
|
asynchronous operations with Psycopg::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def wait(conn):
|
def wait(conn):
|
||||||
while True:
|
while 1:
|
||||||
state = conn.poll()
|
state = conn.poll()
|
||||||
if state == psycopg2.extensions.POLL_OK:
|
if state == psycopg2.extensions.POLL_OK:
|
||||||
break
|
break
|
||||||
|
@ -370,12 +349,12 @@ returned, the connection can be safely used:
|
||||||
>>> wait(aconn)
|
>>> wait(aconn)
|
||||||
>>> acurs = aconn.cursor()
|
>>> acurs = aconn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Note that there are a few other requirements to be met in order to have a
|
Notice that there are a few other requirements to be met in order to have a
|
||||||
completely non-blocking connection attempt: see the libpq documentation for
|
completely non-blocking connection attempt: see the libpq documentation for
|
||||||
|PQconnectStart|_.
|
|PQconnectStart|_.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |PQconnectStart| replace:: `!PQconnectStart()`
|
.. |PQconnectStart| replace:: `!PQconnectStart()`
|
||||||
.. _PQconnectStart: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-PQCONNECTSTARTPARAMS
|
.. _PQconnectStart: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-PQCONNECTSTART
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The same loop should be also used to perform nonblocking queries: after
|
The same loop should be also used to perform nonblocking queries: after
|
||||||
sending a query via `~cursor.execute()` or `~cursor.callproc()`, call
|
sending a query via `~cursor.execute()` or `~cursor.callproc()`, call
|
||||||
|
@ -394,14 +373,12 @@ When an asynchronous query is being executed, `connection.isexecuting()` returns
|
||||||
connection.
|
connection.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
There are several limitations in using asynchronous connections: the
|
There are several limitations in using asynchronous connections: the
|
||||||
connection is always in `~connection.autocommit` mode and it is not
|
connection is always in :ref:`autocommit <autocommit>` mode and it is not
|
||||||
possible to change it. So a
|
possible to change it using `~connection.set_isolation_level()`. So a
|
||||||
transaction is not implicitly started at the first query and is not possible
|
transaction is not implicitly started at the first query and is not possible
|
||||||
to use methods `~connection.commit()` and `~connection.rollback()`: you can
|
to use methods `~connection.commit()` and `~connection.rollback()`: you can
|
||||||
manually control transactions using `~cursor.execute()` to send database
|
manually control transactions using `~cursor.execute()` to send database
|
||||||
commands such as :sql:`BEGIN`, :sql:`COMMIT` and :sql:`ROLLBACK`. Similarly
|
commands such as :sql:`BEGIN`, :sql:`COMMIT` and :sql:`ROLLBACK`.
|
||||||
`~connection.set_session()` can't be used but it is still possible to invoke the
|
|
||||||
:sql:`SET` command with the proper :sql:`default_transaction_...` parameter.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
With asynchronous connections it is also not possible to use
|
With asynchronous connections it is also not possible to use
|
||||||
`~connection.set_client_encoding()`, `~cursor.executemany()`, :ref:`large
|
`~connection.set_client_encoding()`, `~cursor.executemany()`, :ref:`large
|
||||||
|
@ -422,13 +399,13 @@ this will be probably implemented in a future release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _green-support:
|
.. _green-support:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Support for coroutine libraries
|
Support to coroutine libraries
|
||||||
-------------------------------
|
------------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.2
|
.. versionadded:: 2.2.0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg can be used together with coroutine_\-based libraries and participate
|
Psycopg can be used together with coroutine_\-based libraries, and participate
|
||||||
in cooperative multithreading.
|
to cooperative multithreading.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Coroutine-based libraries (such as Eventlet_ or gevent_) can usually patch the
|
Coroutine-based libraries (such as Eventlet_ or gevent_) can usually patch the
|
||||||
Python standard library in order to enable a coroutine switch in the presence of
|
Python standard library in order to enable a coroutine switch in the presence of
|
||||||
|
@ -454,9 +431,11 @@ SQLAlchemy_) to be used in coroutine-based programs.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. warning::
|
.. warning::
|
||||||
Psycopg connections are not *green thread safe* and can't be used
|
Psycopg connections are not *green thread safe* and can't be used
|
||||||
concurrently by different green threads. Trying to execute more than one
|
concurrently by different green threads. Each connection has a lock
|
||||||
command at time using one cursor per thread will result in an error (or a
|
used to serialize requests from different cursors to the backend process.
|
||||||
deadlock on versions before 2.4.2).
|
The lock is held for the duration of the command: if the control switched
|
||||||
|
to a different thread and the latter tried to access the same connection,
|
||||||
|
the result would be a deadlock.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Therefore, programmers are advised to either avoid sharing connections
|
Therefore, programmers are advised to either avoid sharing connections
|
||||||
between coroutines or to use a library-friendly lock to synchronize shared
|
between coroutines or to use a library-friendly lock to synchronize shared
|
||||||
|
@ -468,7 +447,7 @@ example callback (using `!select()` to block) is provided as
|
||||||
`psycopg2.extras.wait_select()`: it boils down to something similar to::
|
`psycopg2.extras.wait_select()`: it boils down to something similar to::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def wait_select(conn):
|
def wait_select(conn):
|
||||||
while True:
|
while 1:
|
||||||
state = conn.poll()
|
state = conn.poll()
|
||||||
if state == extensions.POLL_OK:
|
if state == extensions.POLL_OK:
|
||||||
break
|
break
|
||||||
|
@ -484,17 +463,16 @@ psycopg2 scope, as the callback can be tied to the libraries' implementation
|
||||||
details. You can check the `psycogreen`_ project for further informations and
|
details. You can check the `psycogreen`_ project for further informations and
|
||||||
resources about the topic.
|
resources about the topic.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _coroutine: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coroutine
|
.. _coroutine: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coroutine
|
||||||
.. _greenlet: https://pypi.org/project/greenlet/
|
.. _greenlet: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/greenlet
|
||||||
.. _green threads: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_threads
|
.. _green threads: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_threads
|
||||||
.. _Eventlet: https://eventlet.net/
|
.. _Eventlet: http://eventlet.net/
|
||||||
.. _gevent: http://www.gevent.org/
|
.. _gevent: http://www.gevent.org/
|
||||||
.. _SQLAlchemy: https://www.sqlalchemy.org/
|
.. _SQLAlchemy: http://www.sqlalchemy.org/
|
||||||
.. _psycogreen: https://github.com/psycopg/psycogreen/
|
.. _psycogreen: http://bitbucket.org/dvarrazzo/psycogreen/
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-async.html
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/libpq-async.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. warning::
|
.. warning::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:ref:`COPY commands <copy>` are currently not supported when a wait callback
|
:ref:`COPY commands <copy>` are currently not supported when a wait callback
|
||||||
is registered, but they will be probably implemented in a future release.
|
is registered, but they will be probably implemented in a future release.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -511,89 +489,3 @@ resources about the topic.
|
||||||
conn.commit()
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
cur.close()
|
cur.close()
|
||||||
conn.close()
|
conn.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
single: Replication
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _replication-support:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Replication protocol support
|
|
||||||
----------------------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Modern PostgreSQL servers (version 9.0 and above) support replication. The
|
|
||||||
replication protocol is built on top of the client-server protocol and can be
|
|
||||||
operated using ``libpq``, as such it can be also operated by ``psycopg2``.
|
|
||||||
The replication protocol can be operated on both synchronous and
|
|
||||||
:ref:`asynchronous <async-support>` connections.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Server version 9.4 adds a new feature called *Logical Replication*.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- PostgreSQL `Streaming Replication Protocol`__
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/protocol-replication.html
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Logical replication Quick-Start
|
|
||||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You must be using PostgreSQL server version 9.4 or above to run this quick
|
|
||||||
start.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Make sure that replication connections are permitted for user ``postgres`` in
|
|
||||||
``pg_hba.conf`` and reload the server configuration. You also need to set
|
|
||||||
``wal_level=logical`` and ``max_wal_senders``, ``max_replication_slots`` to
|
|
||||||
value greater than zero in ``postgresql.conf`` (these changes require a server
|
|
||||||
restart). Create a database ``psycopg2_test``.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Then run the following code to quickly try the replication support out. This
|
|
||||||
is not production code -- it's only intended as a simple demo of logical
|
|
||||||
replication::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
from __future__ import print_function
|
|
||||||
import sys
|
|
||||||
import psycopg2
|
|
||||||
import psycopg2.extras
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
conn = psycopg2.connect('dbname=psycopg2_test user=postgres',
|
|
||||||
connection_factory=psycopg2.extras.LogicalReplicationConnection)
|
|
||||||
cur = conn.cursor()
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
# test_decoding produces textual output
|
|
||||||
cur.start_replication(slot_name='pytest', decode=True)
|
|
||||||
except psycopg2.ProgrammingError:
|
|
||||||
cur.create_replication_slot('pytest', output_plugin='test_decoding')
|
|
||||||
cur.start_replication(slot_name='pytest', decode=True)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
class DemoConsumer(object):
|
|
||||||
def __call__(self, msg):
|
|
||||||
print(msg.payload)
|
|
||||||
msg.cursor.send_feedback(flush_lsn=msg.data_start)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
democonsumer = DemoConsumer()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
print("Starting streaming, press Control-C to end...", file=sys.stderr)
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
cur.consume_stream(democonsumer)
|
|
||||||
except KeyboardInterrupt:
|
|
||||||
cur.close()
|
|
||||||
conn.close()
|
|
||||||
print("The slot 'pytest' still exists. Drop it with "
|
|
||||||
"SELECT pg_drop_replication_slot('pytest'); if no longer needed.",
|
|
||||||
file=sys.stderr)
|
|
||||||
print("WARNING: Transaction logs will accumulate in pg_xlog "
|
|
||||||
"until the slot is dropped.", file=sys.stderr)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You can now make changes to the ``psycopg2_test`` database using a normal
|
|
||||||
psycopg2 session, ``psql``, etc. and see the logical decoding stream printed
|
|
||||||
by this demo client.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This will continue running until terminated with ``Control-C``.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For the details see :ref:`replication-objects`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
139
doc/src/conf.py
|
@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
|
||||||
|
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
|
||||||
#
|
#
|
||||||
# Psycopg documentation build configuration file, created by
|
# Psycopg documentation build configuration file, created by
|
||||||
# sphinx-quickstart on Sun Feb 7 13:48:41 2010.
|
# sphinx-quickstart on Sun Feb 7 13:48:41 2010.
|
||||||
|
@ -10,9 +11,7 @@
|
||||||
# All configuration values have a default; values that are commented out
|
# All configuration values have a default; values that are commented out
|
||||||
# serve to show the default.
|
# serve to show the default.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
import os
|
import sys, os
|
||||||
import sys
|
|
||||||
from better import better_theme_path
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
|
# If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
|
||||||
# add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
|
# add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
|
||||||
|
@ -23,16 +22,11 @@ sys.path.append(os.path.abspath('tools/lib'))
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be extensions
|
# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be extensions
|
||||||
# coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom ones.
|
# coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom ones.
|
||||||
extensions = [
|
extensions = ['sphinx.ext.autodoc', 'sphinx.ext.todo', 'sphinx.ext.ifconfig',
|
||||||
'sphinx.ext.autodoc',
|
'sphinx.ext.doctest', 'sphinx.ext.intersphinx' ]
|
||||||
'sphinx.ext.todo',
|
|
||||||
'sphinx.ext.ifconfig',
|
|
||||||
'sphinx.ext.doctest',
|
|
||||||
'sphinx.ext.intersphinx',
|
|
||||||
]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Specific extensions for Psycopg documentation.
|
# Specific extensions for Psycopg documentation.
|
||||||
extensions += ['dbapi_extension', 'sql_role', 'ticket_role']
|
extensions += [ 'dbapi_extension', 'sql_role' ]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
|
# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
|
||||||
templates_path = ['_templates']
|
templates_path = ['_templates']
|
||||||
|
@ -41,16 +35,14 @@ templates_path = ['_templates']
|
||||||
source_suffix = '.rst'
|
source_suffix = '.rst'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The encoding of source files.
|
# The encoding of source files.
|
||||||
# source_encoding = 'utf-8'
|
#source_encoding = 'utf-8'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The master toctree document.
|
# The master toctree document.
|
||||||
master_doc = 'index'
|
master_doc = 'index'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# General information about the project.
|
# General information about the project.
|
||||||
project = 'Psycopg'
|
project = u'Psycopg'
|
||||||
copyright = (
|
copyright = u'2001-2011, Federico Di Gregorio. Documentation by Daniele Varrazzo'
|
||||||
'2001-2021, Federico Di Gregorio, Daniele Varrazzo, The Psycopg Team'
|
|
||||||
)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The version info for the project you're documenting, acts as replacement for
|
# The version info for the project you're documenting, acts as replacement for
|
||||||
# |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the
|
# |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the
|
||||||
|
@ -62,32 +54,29 @@ version = '2.0'
|
||||||
# The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
|
# The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
|
||||||
try:
|
try:
|
||||||
import psycopg2
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
except ImportError:
|
|
||||||
print("WARNING: couldn't import psycopg to read version.")
|
|
||||||
release = version
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
release = psycopg2.__version__.split()[0]
|
release = psycopg2.__version__.split()[0]
|
||||||
version = '.'.join(release.split('.')[:2])
|
version = '.'.join(release.split('.')[:2])
|
||||||
|
except ImportError:
|
||||||
|
print "WARNING: couldn't import psycopg to read version."
|
||||||
|
release = version
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
intersphinx_mapping = {'py': ('https://docs.python.org/3', None)}
|
intersphinx_mapping = {
|
||||||
|
'py': ('http://docs.python.org/', None),
|
||||||
# Pattern to generate links to the bug tracker
|
'py3': ('http://docs.python.org/3.2', None),
|
||||||
ticket_url = 'https://github.com/psycopg/psycopg2/issues/%s'
|
}
|
||||||
ticket_remap_until = 25
|
|
||||||
ticket_remap_offset = 230
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The language for content autogenerated by Sphinx. Refer to documentation
|
# The language for content autogenerated by Sphinx. Refer to documentation
|
||||||
# for a list of supported languages.
|
# for a list of supported languages.
|
||||||
# language = None
|
#language = None
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# There are two options for replacing |today|: either, you set today to some
|
# There are two options for replacing |today|: either, you set today to some
|
||||||
# non-false value, then it is used:
|
# non-false value, then it is used:
|
||||||
# today = ''
|
#today = ''
|
||||||
# Else, today_fmt is used as the format for a strftime call.
|
# Else, today_fmt is used as the format for a strftime call.
|
||||||
# today_fmt = '%B %d, %Y'
|
#today_fmt = '%B %d, %Y'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# List of documents that shouldn't be included in the build.
|
# List of documents that shouldn't be included in the build.
|
||||||
# unused_docs = []
|
#unused_docs = []
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# List of directories, relative to source directory, that shouldn't be searched
|
# List of directories, relative to source directory, that shouldn't be searched
|
||||||
# for source files.
|
# for source files.
|
||||||
|
@ -97,25 +86,21 @@ exclude_trees = ['_build', 'html']
|
||||||
default_role = 'obj'
|
default_role = 'obj'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# If true, '()' will be appended to :func: etc. cross-reference text.
|
# If true, '()' will be appended to :func: etc. cross-reference text.
|
||||||
# add_function_parentheses = True
|
#add_function_parentheses = True
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# If true, the current module name will be prepended to all description
|
# If true, the current module name will be prepended to all description
|
||||||
# unit titles (such as .. function::).
|
# unit titles (such as .. function::).
|
||||||
# add_module_names = True
|
#add_module_names = True
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# If true, sectionauthor and moduleauthor directives will be shown in the
|
# If true, sectionauthor and moduleauthor directives will be shown in the
|
||||||
# output. They are ignored by default.
|
# output. They are ignored by default.
|
||||||
# show_authors = False
|
#show_authors = False
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Using 'python' instead of the default gives warnings if parsing an example
|
|
||||||
# fails, instead of defaulting to none
|
|
||||||
highlight_language = 'python'
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The name of the Pygments (syntax highlighting) style to use.
|
# The name of the Pygments (syntax highlighting) style to use.
|
||||||
pygments_style = 'sphinx'
|
pygments_style = 'sphinx'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# A list of ignored prefixes for module index sorting.
|
# A list of ignored prefixes for module index sorting.
|
||||||
# modindex_common_prefix = []
|
#modindex_common_prefix = []
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Include TODO items in the documentation
|
# Include TODO items in the documentation
|
||||||
todo_include_todos = False
|
todo_include_todos = False
|
||||||
|
@ -123,10 +108,15 @@ todo_include_todos = False
|
||||||
rst_epilog = """
|
rst_epilog = """
|
||||||
.. |DBAPI| replace:: DB API 2.0
|
.. |DBAPI| replace:: DB API 2.0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _DBAPI: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0249/
|
.. _DBAPI: http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0249/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _transaction isolation level:
|
.. _transaction isolation level:
|
||||||
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/transaction-iso.html
|
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/transaction-iso.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. _serializable isolation level:
|
||||||
|
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/transaction-iso.html#XACT-SERIALIZABLE
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. _mx.DateTime: http://www.egenix.com/products/python/mxBase/mxDateTime/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |MVCC| replace:: :abbr:`MVCC (Multiversion concurrency control)`
|
.. |MVCC| replace:: :abbr:`MVCC (Multiversion concurrency control)`
|
||||||
"""
|
"""
|
||||||
|
@ -135,41 +125,35 @@ rst_epilog = """
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages. Major themes that come with
|
# The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages. Major themes that come with
|
||||||
# Sphinx are currently 'default' and 'sphinxdoc'.
|
# Sphinx are currently 'default' and 'sphinxdoc'.
|
||||||
html_theme = 'better'
|
html_theme = 'default'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The stylesheet to use with HTML output: this will include the original one
|
# The stylesheet to use with HTML output: this will include the original one
|
||||||
# adding a few classes.
|
# adding a few classes.
|
||||||
# html_style = 'psycopg.css'
|
html_style = 'psycopg.css'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Hide the sphinx footer
|
|
||||||
html_show_sphinx = False
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Theme options are theme-specific and customize the look and feel of a theme
|
# Theme options are theme-specific and customize the look and feel of a theme
|
||||||
# further. For a list of options available for each theme, see the
|
# further. For a list of options available for each theme, see the
|
||||||
# documentation.
|
# documentation.
|
||||||
html_theme_options = {
|
#html_theme_options = {}
|
||||||
'linktotheme': False,
|
|
||||||
'cssfiles': ['_static/psycopg.css'],
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Add any paths that contain custom themes here, relative to this directory.
|
# Add any paths that contain custom themes here, relative to this directory.
|
||||||
html_theme_path = [better_theme_path]
|
#html_theme_path = []
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The name for this set of Sphinx documents. If None, it defaults to
|
# The name for this set of Sphinx documents. If None, it defaults to
|
||||||
# "<project> v<release> documentation".
|
# "<project> v<release> documentation".
|
||||||
# html_title = None
|
#html_title = None
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# A shorter title for the navigation bar. Default is the same as html_title.
|
# A shorter title for the navigation bar. Default is the same as html_title.
|
||||||
html_short_title = 'Home'
|
#html_short_title = None
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top
|
# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top
|
||||||
# of the sidebar.
|
# of the sidebar.
|
||||||
# html_logo = None
|
#html_logo = None
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The name of an image file (within the static path) to use as favicon of the
|
# The name of an image file (within the static path) to use as favicon of the
|
||||||
# docs. This file should be a Windows icon file (.ico) being 16x16 or 32x32
|
# docs. This file should be a Windows icon file (.ico) being 16x16 or 32x32
|
||||||
# pixels large.
|
# pixels large.
|
||||||
# html_favicon = None
|
#html_favicon = None
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
|
# Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
|
||||||
# relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
|
# relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
|
||||||
|
@ -178,41 +162,38 @@ html_static_path = ['_static']
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# If not '', a 'Last updated on:' timestamp is inserted at every page bottom,
|
# If not '', a 'Last updated on:' timestamp is inserted at every page bottom,
|
||||||
# using the given strftime format.
|
# using the given strftime format.
|
||||||
# html_last_updated_fmt = '%b %d, %Y'
|
#html_last_updated_fmt = '%b %d, %Y'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# If true, SmartyPants will be used to convert quotes and dashes to
|
# If true, SmartyPants will be used to convert quotes and dashes to
|
||||||
# typographically correct entities.
|
# typographically correct entities.
|
||||||
# html_use_smartypants = True
|
#html_use_smartypants = True
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Custom sidebar templates, maps document names to template names.
|
# Custom sidebar templates, maps document names to template names.
|
||||||
# no need for the prev/next topic link using better theme: they are on top
|
#html_sidebars = {}
|
||||||
html_sidebars = {
|
|
||||||
'**': ['localtoc.html', 'searchbox.html'],
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Additional templates that should be rendered to pages, maps page names to
|
# Additional templates that should be rendered to pages, maps page names to
|
||||||
# template names.
|
# template names.
|
||||||
# html_additional_pages = {}
|
#html_additional_pages = {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# If false, no module index is generated.
|
# If false, no module index is generated.
|
||||||
# html_use_modindex = True
|
#html_use_modindex = True
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# If false, no index is generated.
|
# If false, no index is generated.
|
||||||
# html_use_index = True
|
#html_use_index = True
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# If true, the index is split into individual pages for each letter.
|
# If true, the index is split into individual pages for each letter.
|
||||||
# html_split_index = False
|
#html_split_index = False
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# If true, links to the reST sources are added to the pages.
|
# If true, links to the reST sources are added to the pages.
|
||||||
# html_show_sourcelink = True
|
#html_show_sourcelink = True
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# If true, an OpenSearch description file will be output, and all pages will
|
# If true, an OpenSearch description file will be output, and all pages will
|
||||||
# contain a <link> tag referring to it. The value of this option must be the
|
# contain a <link> tag referring to it. The value of this option must be the
|
||||||
# base URL from which the finished HTML is served.
|
# base URL from which the finished HTML is served.
|
||||||
# html_use_opensearch = ''
|
#html_use_opensearch = ''
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# If nonempty, this is the file name suffix for HTML files (e.g. ".xhtml").
|
# If nonempty, this is the file name suffix for HTML files (e.g. ".xhtml").
|
||||||
# html_file_suffix = ''
|
#html_file_suffix = ''
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Output file base name for HTML help builder.
|
# Output file base name for HTML help builder.
|
||||||
htmlhelp_basename = 'psycopgdoc'
|
htmlhelp_basename = 'psycopgdoc'
|
||||||
|
@ -221,41 +202,35 @@ htmlhelp_basename = 'psycopgdoc'
|
||||||
# -- Options for LaTeX output --------------------------------------------------
|
# -- Options for LaTeX output --------------------------------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The paper size ('letter' or 'a4').
|
# The paper size ('letter' or 'a4').
|
||||||
# latex_paper_size = 'letter'
|
#latex_paper_size = 'letter'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt').
|
# The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt').
|
||||||
# latex_font_size = '10pt'
|
#latex_font_size = '10pt'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples
|
# Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples
|
||||||
# (source start file, target name, title, author, documentclass [howto/manual]).
|
# (source start file, target name, title, author, documentclass [howto/manual]).
|
||||||
latex_documents = [
|
latex_documents = [
|
||||||
(
|
('index', 'psycopg.tex', u'Psycopg Documentation',
|
||||||
'index',
|
u'Federico Di Gregorio', 'manual'),
|
||||||
'psycopg.tex',
|
|
||||||
'Psycopg Documentation',
|
|
||||||
'Federico Di Gregorio',
|
|
||||||
'manual',
|
|
||||||
)
|
|
||||||
]
|
]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top of
|
# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top of
|
||||||
# the title page.
|
# the title page.
|
||||||
# latex_logo = None
|
#latex_logo = None
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# For "manual" documents, if this is true, then toplevel headings are parts,
|
# For "manual" documents, if this is true, then toplevel headings are parts,
|
||||||
# not chapters.
|
# not chapters.
|
||||||
# latex_use_parts = False
|
#latex_use_parts = False
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble.
|
# Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble.
|
||||||
# latex_preamble = ''
|
#latex_preamble = ''
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
|
# Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
|
||||||
# latex_appendices = []
|
#latex_appendices = []
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# If false, no module index is generated.
|
# If false, no module index is generated.
|
||||||
# latex_use_modindex = True
|
#latex_use_modindex = True
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
toc_object_entries = False
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
doctest_global_setup = """
|
doctest_global_setup = """
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -18,42 +18,16 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
Connections are created using the factory function
|
Connections are created using the factory function
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.connect()`.
|
`~psycopg2.connect()`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Connections are thread safe and can be shared among many threads. See
|
Connections are thread safe and can be shared among many thread. See
|
||||||
:ref:`thread-safety` for details.
|
:ref:`thread-safety` for details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Connections can be used as context managers. Note that a context wraps a
|
.. method:: cursor([name] [, cursor_factory])
|
||||||
transaction: if the context exits with success the transaction is
|
|
||||||
committed, if it exits with an exception the transaction is rolled back.
|
|
||||||
Note that the connection is not closed by the context and it can be used
|
|
||||||
for several contexts.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code:: python
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
conn = psycopg2.connect(DSN)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with conn:
|
|
||||||
with conn.cursor() as curs:
|
|
||||||
curs.execute(SQL1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with conn:
|
|
||||||
with conn.cursor() as curs:
|
|
||||||
curs.execute(SQL2)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# leaving contexts doesn't close the connection
|
|
||||||
conn.close()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: cursor(name=None, cursor_factory=None, scrollable=None, withhold=False)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return a new `cursor` object using the connection.
|
Return a new `cursor` object using the connection.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If *name* is specified, the returned cursor will be a :ref:`server
|
If *name* is specified, the returned cursor will be a :ref:`server
|
||||||
side cursor <server-side-cursors>` (also known as *named cursor*).
|
side cursor <server-side-cursors>` (also known as *named cursor*).
|
||||||
Otherwise it will be a regular *client side* cursor. By default a
|
Otherwise it will be a regular *client side* cursor.
|
||||||
named cursor is declared without :sql:`SCROLL` option and
|
|
||||||
:sql:`WITHOUT HOLD`: set the argument or property `~cursor.scrollable`
|
|
||||||
to `!True`/`!False` and or `~cursor.withhold` to `!True` to change the
|
|
||||||
declaration.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The name can be a string not valid as a PostgreSQL identifier: for
|
The name can be a string not valid as a PostgreSQL identifier: for
|
||||||
example it may start with a digit and contain non-alphanumeric
|
example it may start with a digit and contain non-alphanumeric
|
||||||
|
@ -63,39 +37,31 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
previously only valid PostgreSQL identifiers were accepted as
|
previously only valid PostgreSQL identifiers were accepted as
|
||||||
cursor name.
|
cursor name.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The *cursor_factory* argument can be used to create non-standard
|
.. warning::
|
||||||
cursors. The class returned must be a subclass of
|
It is unsafe to expose the *name* to an untrusted source, for
|
||||||
`psycopg2.extensions.cursor`. See :ref:`subclassing-cursor` for
|
instance you shouldn't allow *name* to be read from a HTML form.
|
||||||
details. A default factory for the connection can also be specified
|
Consider it as part of the query, not as a query parameter.
|
||||||
using the `~connection.cursor_factory` attribute.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.4.3 added the *withhold* argument.
|
The *cursor_factory* argument can be used to create non-standard
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.5 added the *scrollable* argument.
|
cursors. The class returned should be a subclass of
|
||||||
|
`psycopg2.extensions.cursor`. See :ref:`subclassing-cursor` for
|
||||||
|
details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. extension::
|
.. extension::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
All the function arguments are Psycopg extensions to the |DBAPI|.
|
The `name` and `cursor_factory` parameters are Psycopg
|
||||||
|
extensions to the |DBAPI|.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
pair: Transaction; Commit
|
pair: Transaction; Commit
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: commit()
|
.. method:: commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Commit any pending transaction to the database.
|
Commit any pending transaction to the database. Psycopg can be set to
|
||||||
|
perform automatic commits at each operation, see
|
||||||
By default, Psycopg opens a transaction before executing the first
|
`~connection.set_isolation_level()`.
|
||||||
command: if `!commit()` is not called, the effect of any data
|
|
||||||
manipulation will be lost.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The connection can be also set in "autocommit" mode: no transaction is
|
|
||||||
automatically open, commands have immediate effect. See
|
|
||||||
:ref:`transactions-control` for details.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.5 if the connection is used in a ``with``
|
|
||||||
statement, the method is automatically called if no exception is
|
|
||||||
raised in the ``with`` block.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
pair: Transaction; Rollback
|
pair: Transaction; Rollback
|
||||||
|
@ -106,13 +72,9 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
connection without committing the changes first will cause an implicit
|
connection without committing the changes first will cause an implicit
|
||||||
rollback to be performed.
|
rollback to be performed.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.5 if the connection is used in a ``with``
|
|
||||||
statement, the method is automatically called if an exception is
|
|
||||||
raised in the ``with`` block.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: close()
|
.. method:: close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Close the connection now (rather than whenever `del` is executed).
|
Close the connection now (rather than whenever `del` is executed).
|
||||||
The connection will be unusable from this point forward; an
|
The connection will be unusable from this point forward; an
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.InterfaceError` will be raised if any operation is
|
`~psycopg2.InterfaceError` will be raised if any operation is
|
||||||
|
@ -139,7 +101,7 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
with a `~connection.commit()`/`~connection.rollback()` before
|
with a `~connection.commit()`/`~connection.rollback()` before
|
||||||
closing.
|
closing.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _PgBouncer: http://www.pgbouncer.org/
|
.. _PgBouncer: http://pgbouncer.projects.postgresql.org/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
|
@ -220,7 +182,7 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
.. seealso:: the |PREPARE TRANSACTION|_ PostgreSQL command.
|
.. seealso:: the |PREPARE TRANSACTION|_ PostgreSQL command.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |PREPARE TRANSACTION| replace:: :sql:`PREPARE TRANSACTION`
|
.. |PREPARE TRANSACTION| replace:: :sql:`PREPARE TRANSACTION`
|
||||||
.. _PREPARE TRANSACTION: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-prepare-transaction.html
|
.. _PREPARE TRANSACTION: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/sql-prepare-transaction.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
|
@ -246,7 +208,7 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
.. seealso:: the |COMMIT PREPARED|_ PostgreSQL command.
|
.. seealso:: the |COMMIT PREPARED|_ PostgreSQL command.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |COMMIT PREPARED| replace:: :sql:`COMMIT PREPARED`
|
.. |COMMIT PREPARED| replace:: :sql:`COMMIT PREPARED`
|
||||||
.. _COMMIT PREPARED: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-commit-prepared.html
|
.. _COMMIT PREPARED: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/sql-commit-prepared.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
|
@ -268,7 +230,7 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
.. seealso:: the |ROLLBACK PREPARED|_ PostgreSQL command.
|
.. seealso:: the |ROLLBACK PREPARED|_ PostgreSQL command.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |ROLLBACK PREPARED| replace:: :sql:`ROLLBACK PREPARED`
|
.. |ROLLBACK PREPARED| replace:: :sql:`ROLLBACK PREPARED`
|
||||||
.. _ROLLBACK PREPARED: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-rollback-prepared.html
|
.. _ROLLBACK PREPARED: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/sql-rollback-prepared.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
|
@ -289,17 +251,17 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
transactions initiated by a program using such driver should be
|
transactions initiated by a program using such driver should be
|
||||||
unpacked correctly.
|
unpacked correctly.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://jdbc.postgresql.org/
|
.. __: http://jdbc.postgresql.org/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Xids returned by `!tpc_recover()` also have extra attributes
|
Xids returned by `!tpc_recover()` also have extra attributes
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.Xid.prepared`, `~psycopg2.extensions.Xid.owner`,
|
`~psycopg2.extensions.Xid.prepared`, `~psycopg2.extensions.Xid.owner`,
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.Xid.database` populated with the values read
|
`~psycopg2.extensions.Xid.database` populated with the values read
|
||||||
from the server.
|
from the server.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: the |pg_prepared_xacts|_ system view.
|
.. seealso:: the |pg_prepared_xacts|_ system view.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |pg_prepared_xacts| replace:: `pg_prepared_xacts`
|
.. |pg_prepared_xacts| replace:: `pg_prepared_xacts`
|
||||||
.. _pg_prepared_xacts: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/view-pg-prepared-xacts.html
|
.. _pg_prepared_xacts: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/view-pg-prepared-xacts.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -312,8 +274,8 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: closed
|
.. attribute:: closed
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Read-only integer attribute: 0 if the connection is open, nonzero if
|
Read-only attribute reporting whether the database connection is open
|
||||||
it is closed or broken.
|
(0) or closed (1).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: cancel
|
.. method:: cancel
|
||||||
|
@ -331,7 +293,7 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
|PQcancel|_.
|
|PQcancel|_.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |PQcancel| replace:: `!PQcancel()`
|
.. |PQcancel| replace:: `!PQcancel()`
|
||||||
.. _PQcancel: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-PQCANCEL
|
.. _PQcancel: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.4/static/libpq-cancel.html#AEN34765
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.3
|
.. versionadded:: 2.3
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -347,10 +309,10 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
available for recover.
|
available for recover.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |RESET| replace:: :sql:`RESET`
|
.. |RESET| replace:: :sql:`RESET`
|
||||||
.. _RESET: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-reset.html
|
.. _RESET: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/sql-reset.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION| replace:: :sql:`SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION`
|
.. |SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION| replace:: :sql:`SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION`
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-set-session-authorization.html
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/sql-set-session-authorization.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.0.12
|
.. versionadded:: 2.0.12
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -360,195 +322,34 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
Read-only string containing the connection string used by the
|
Read-only string containing the connection string used by the
|
||||||
connection.
|
connection.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If a password was specified in the connection string it will be
|
|
||||||
obscured.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. rubric:: Transaction control methods and attributes.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
pair: Transaction; Autocommit
|
pair: Transaction; Autocommit
|
||||||
pair: Transaction; Isolation level
|
pair: Transaction; Isolation level
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: set_session(isolation_level=None, readonly=None, deferrable=None, autocommit=None)
|
.. _autocommit:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Set one or more parameters for the next transactions or statements in
|
|
||||||
the current session.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:param isolation_level: set the `isolation level`_ for the next
|
|
||||||
transactions/statements. The value can be one of the literal
|
|
||||||
values ``READ UNCOMMITTED``, ``READ COMMITTED``, ``REPEATABLE
|
|
||||||
READ``, ``SERIALIZABLE`` or the equivalent :ref:`constant
|
|
||||||
<isolation-level-constants>` defined in the `~psycopg2.extensions`
|
|
||||||
module.
|
|
||||||
:param readonly: if `!True`, set the connection to read only;
|
|
||||||
read/write if `!False`.
|
|
||||||
:param deferrable: if `!True`, set the connection to deferrable;
|
|
||||||
non deferrable if `!False`. Only available from PostgreSQL 9.1.
|
|
||||||
:param autocommit: switch the connection to autocommit mode: not a
|
|
||||||
PostgreSQL session setting but an alias for setting the
|
|
||||||
`autocommit` attribute.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _isolation level:
|
|
||||||
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/transaction-iso.html
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Arguments set to `!None` (the default for all) will not be changed.
|
|
||||||
The parameters *isolation_level*, *readonly* and *deferrable* also
|
|
||||||
accept the string ``DEFAULT`` as a value: the effect is to reset the
|
|
||||||
parameter to the server default. Defaults are defined by the server
|
|
||||||
configuration: see values for |default_transaction_isolation|__,
|
|
||||||
|default_transaction_read_only|__, |default_transaction_deferrable|__.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |default_transaction_isolation| replace:: :sql:`default_transaction_isolation`
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/runtime-config-client.html#GUC-DEFAULT-TRANSACTION-ISOLATION
|
|
||||||
.. |default_transaction_read_only| replace:: :sql:`default_transaction_read_only`
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/runtime-config-client.html#GUC-DEFAULT-TRANSACTION-READ-ONLY
|
|
||||||
.. |default_transaction_deferrable| replace:: :sql:`default_transaction_deferrable`
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/runtime-config-client.html#GUC-DEFAULT-TRANSACTION-DEFERRABLE
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The function must be invoked with no transaction in progress.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: |SET TRANSACTION|_ for further details about the behaviour
|
|
||||||
of the transaction parameters in the server.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |SET TRANSACTION| replace:: :sql:`SET TRANSACTION`
|
|
||||||
.. _SET TRANSACTION: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-set-transaction.html
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.4.2
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
Before this version, the function would have set
|
|
||||||
:sql:`default_transaction_*` attribute in the current session;
|
|
||||||
this implementation has the problem of not playing well with
|
|
||||||
external connection pooling working at transaction level and not
|
|
||||||
resetting the state of the session: changing the default
|
|
||||||
transaction would pollute the connections in the pool and create
|
|
||||||
problems to other applications using the same pool.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Starting from 2.7, if the connection is not autocommit, the
|
|
||||||
transaction characteristics are issued together with :sql:`BEGIN`
|
|
||||||
and will leave the :sql:`default_transaction_*` settings untouched.
|
|
||||||
For example::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
conn.set_session(readonly=True)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
will not change :sql:`default_transaction_read_only`, but
|
|
||||||
following transaction will start with a :sql:`BEGIN READ ONLY`.
|
|
||||||
Conversely, using::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
conn.set_session(readonly=True, autocommit=True)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
will set :sql:`default_transaction_read_only` to :sql:`on` and
|
|
||||||
rely on the server to apply the read only state to whatever
|
|
||||||
transaction, implicit or explicit, is executed in the connection.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: autocommit
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Read/write attribute: if `!True`, no transaction is handled by the
|
|
||||||
driver and every statement sent to the backend has immediate effect;
|
|
||||||
if `!False` a new transaction is started at the first command
|
|
||||||
execution: the methods `commit()` or `rollback()` must be manually
|
|
||||||
invoked to terminate the transaction.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The autocommit mode is useful to execute commands requiring to be run
|
|
||||||
outside a transaction, such as :sql:`CREATE DATABASE` or
|
|
||||||
:sql:`VACUUM`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The default is `!False` (manual commit) as per DBAPI specification.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. warning::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
By default, any query execution, including a simple :sql:`SELECT`
|
|
||||||
will start a transaction: for long-running programs, if no further
|
|
||||||
action is taken, the session will remain "idle in transaction", an
|
|
||||||
undesirable condition for several reasons (locks are held by
|
|
||||||
the session, tables bloat...). For long lived scripts, either
|
|
||||||
ensure to terminate a transaction as soon as possible or use an
|
|
||||||
autocommit connection.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.4.2
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: isolation_level
|
.. attribute:: isolation_level
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return or set the `transaction isolation level`_ for the current
|
|
||||||
session. The value is one of the :ref:`isolation-level-constants`
|
|
||||||
defined in the `psycopg2.extensions` module. On set it is also
|
|
||||||
possible to use one of the literal values ``READ UNCOMMITTED``, ``READ
|
|
||||||
COMMITTED``, ``REPEATABLE READ``, ``SERIALIZABLE``, ``DEFAULT``.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
the property is writable.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
the default value for `!isolation_level` is
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_DEFAULT`; previously the
|
|
||||||
property would have queried the server and returned the real value
|
|
||||||
applied. To know this value you can run a query such as :sql:`show
|
|
||||||
transaction_isolation`. Usually the default value is `READ
|
|
||||||
COMMITTED`, but this may be changed in the server configuration.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This value is now entirely separate from the `autocommit`
|
|
||||||
property: in previous version, if `!autocommit` was set to `!True`
|
|
||||||
this property would have returned
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT`; it will now
|
|
||||||
return the server isolation level.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: readonly
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return or set the read-only status for the current session. Available
|
|
||||||
values are `!True` (new transactions will be in read-only mode),
|
|
||||||
`!False` (new transactions will be writable), `!None` (use the default
|
|
||||||
configured for the server by :sql:`default_transaction_read_only`).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: deferrable
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return or set the `deferrable status`__ for the current session.
|
|
||||||
Available values are `!True` (new transactions will be in deferrable
|
|
||||||
mode), `!False` (new transactions will be in non deferrable mode),
|
|
||||||
`!None` (use the default configured for the server by
|
|
||||||
:sql:`default_transaction_deferrable`).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: `SET TRANSACTION`_
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: set_isolation_level(level)
|
.. method:: set_isolation_level(level)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
Read or set the `transaction isolation level`_ for the current session.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This is a legacy method mixing `~conn.isolation_level` and
|
|
||||||
`~conn.autocommit`. Using the respective properties is a better
|
|
||||||
option.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Set the `transaction isolation level`_ for the current session.
|
|
||||||
The level defines the different phenomena that can happen in the
|
The level defines the different phenomena that can happen in the
|
||||||
database between concurrent transactions.
|
database between concurrent transactions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The value set is an integer: symbolic constants are defined in
|
The value set or read is an integer: symbolic constants are defined in
|
||||||
the module `psycopg2.extensions`: see
|
the module `psycopg2.extensions`: see
|
||||||
:ref:`isolation-level-constants` for the available values.
|
:ref:`isolation-level-constants` for the available values.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The default level is `~psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_DEFAULT`:
|
The default level is :sql:`READ COMMITTED`: at this level a
|
||||||
at this level a transaction is automatically started the first time a
|
transaction is automatically started the first time a database command
|
||||||
database command is executed. If you want an *autocommit* mode,
|
is executed. If you want an *autocommit* mode, switch to
|
||||||
switch to `~psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT` before
|
`~psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT` before
|
||||||
executing any command::
|
executing any command::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> conn.set_isolation_level(psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT)
|
>>> conn.set_isolation_level(psycopg2.extensions.ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
See also :ref:`transactions-control`.
|
See also :ref:`transactions-control`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
pair: Client; Encoding
|
pair: Client; Encoding
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -559,7 +360,7 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
is the encoding defined by the database. It should be one of the
|
is the encoding defined by the database. It should be one of the
|
||||||
`characters set supported by PostgreSQL`__
|
`characters set supported by PostgreSQL`__
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/multibyte.html
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/multibyte.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
|
@ -571,29 +372,21 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
the session.
|
the session.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. doctest::
|
.. doctest::
|
||||||
:options: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
|
:options: NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> cur.execute("CREATE TABLE foo (id serial PRIMARY KEY);")
|
>>> cur.execute("CREATE TABLE foo (id serial PRIMARY KEY);")
|
||||||
>>> pprint(conn.notices)
|
>>> pprint(conn.notices)
|
||||||
['NOTICE: CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "foo_pkey" for table "foo"\n',
|
['NOTICE: CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "foo_pkey" for table "foo"\n',
|
||||||
'NOTICE: CREATE TABLE will create implicit sequence "foo_id_seq" for serial column "foo.id"\n']
|
'NOTICE: CREATE TABLE will create implicit sequence "foo_id_seq" for serial column "foo.id"\n']
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
The `!notices` attribute is writable: the user may replace it
|
|
||||||
with any Python object exposing an `!append()` method. If
|
|
||||||
appending raises an exception the notice is silently
|
|
||||||
dropped.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To avoid a leak in case excessive notices are generated, only the last
|
To avoid a leak in case excessive notices are generated, only the last
|
||||||
50 messages are kept. This check is only in place if the `!notices`
|
50 messages are kept.
|
||||||
attribute is a list: if any other object is used it will be up to the
|
|
||||||
user to guard from leakage.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You can configure what messages to receive using `PostgreSQL logging
|
You can configure what messages to receive using `PostgreSQL logging
|
||||||
configuration parameters`__ such as ``log_statement``,
|
configuration parameters`__ such as ``log_statement``,
|
||||||
``client_min_messages``, ``log_min_duration_statement`` etc.
|
``client_min_messages``, ``log_min_duration_statement`` etc.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/runtime-config-logging.html
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/runtime-config-logging.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: notifies
|
.. attribute:: notifies
|
||||||
|
@ -609,30 +402,93 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
the payload was not accessible. To keep backward compatibility,
|
the payload was not accessible. To keep backward compatibility,
|
||||||
`!Notify` objects can still be accessed as 2 items tuples.
|
`!Notify` objects can still be accessed as 2 items tuples.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.7
|
.. index::
|
||||||
The `!notifies` attribute is writable: the user may replace it
|
pair: Backend; PID
|
||||||
with any Python object exposing an `!append()` method. If
|
|
||||||
appending raises an exception the notification is silently
|
|
||||||
dropped.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. method:: get_backend_pid()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: cursor_factory
|
Returns the process ID (PID) of the backend server process handling
|
||||||
|
this connection.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The default cursor factory used by `~connection.cursor()` if the
|
Note that the PID belongs to a process executing on the database
|
||||||
parameter is not specified.
|
server host, not the local host!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.5
|
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQbackendPID()`__ for details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/libpq-status.html#LIBPQ-PQBACKENDPID
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. versionadded:: 2.0.8
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
pair: Connection; Info
|
pair: Server; Parameters
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: info
|
.. method:: get_parameter_status(parameter)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Look up a current parameter setting of the server.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A `~psycopg2.extensions.ConnectionInfo` object exposing information
|
Potential values for ``parameter`` are: ``server_version``,
|
||||||
about the native libpq connection.
|
``server_encoding``, ``client_encoding``, ``is_superuser``,
|
||||||
|
``session_authorization``, ``DateStyle``, ``TimeZone``,
|
||||||
|
``integer_datetimes``, and ``standard_conforming_strings``.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
If server did not report requested parameter, return `!None`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQparameterStatus()`__ for details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/libpq-status.html#LIBPQ-PQPARAMETERSTATUS
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. versionadded:: 2.0.12
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. index::
|
||||||
|
pair: Transaction; Status
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. method:: get_transaction_status()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Return the current session transaction status as an integer. Symbolic
|
||||||
|
constants for the values are defined in the module
|
||||||
|
`psycopg2.extensions`: see :ref:`transaction-status-constants`
|
||||||
|
for the available values.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQtransactionStatus()`__ for details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/libpq-status.html#LIBPQ-PQTRANSACTIONSTATUS
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. index::
|
||||||
|
pair: Protocol; Version
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. attribute:: protocol_version
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A read-only integer representing frontend/backend protocol being used.
|
||||||
|
Currently Psycopg supports only protocol 3, which allows connection
|
||||||
|
to PostgreSQL server from version 7.4. Psycopg versions previous than
|
||||||
|
2.3 support both protocols 2 and 3.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQprotocolVersion()`__ for details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/libpq-status.html#LIBPQ-PQPROTOCOLVERSION
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. versionadded:: 2.0.12
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. index::
|
||||||
|
pair: Server; Version
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. attribute:: server_version
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A read-only integer representing the backend version.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The number is formed by converting the major, minor, and revision
|
||||||
|
numbers into two-decimal-digit numbers and appending them together.
|
||||||
|
For example, version 8.1.5 will be returned as ``80105``.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQserverVersion()`__ for details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/libpq-status.html#LIBPQ-PQSERVERVERSION
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. versionadded:: 2.0.12
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
|
@ -641,12 +497,10 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
.. attribute:: status
|
.. attribute:: status
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A read-only integer representing the status of the connection.
|
A read-only integer representing the status of the connection.
|
||||||
Symbolic constants for the values are defined in the module
|
Symbolic constants for the values are defined in the module
|
||||||
`psycopg2.extensions`: see :ref:`connection-status-constants`
|
`psycopg2.extensions`: see :ref:`connection-status-constants`
|
||||||
for the available values.
|
for the available values.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The status is undefined for `closed` connections.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: lobject([oid [, mode [, new_oid [, new_file [, lobject_factory]]]]])
|
.. method:: lobject([oid [, mode [, new_oid [, new_file [, lobject_factory]]]]])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -661,13 +515,13 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
:param new_oid: Create a new object using the specified OID. The
|
:param new_oid: Create a new object using the specified OID. The
|
||||||
function raises `~psycopg2.OperationalError` if the OID is already
|
function raises `~psycopg2.OperationalError` if the OID is already
|
||||||
in use. Default is 0, meaning assign a new one automatically.
|
in use. Default is 0, meaning assign a new one automatically.
|
||||||
:param new_file: The name of a file to be imported in the database
|
:param new_file: The name of a file to be imported in the the database
|
||||||
(using the |lo_import|_ function)
|
(using the |lo_import|_ function)
|
||||||
:param lobject_factory: Subclass of
|
:param lobject_factory: Subclass of
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.lobject` to be instantiated.
|
`~psycopg2.extensions.lobject` to be instantiated.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |lo_import| replace:: `!lo_import()`
|
.. |lo_import| replace:: `!lo_import()`
|
||||||
.. _lo_import: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/lo-interfaces.html#LO-IMPORT
|
.. _lo_import: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/lo-interfaces.html#LO-IMPORT
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Available values for *mode* are:
|
Available values for *mode* are:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -692,21 +546,17 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
support.
|
support.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. rubric:: Methods related to asynchronous support
|
.. rubric:: Methods related to asynchronous support.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.2
|
.. versionadded:: 2.2.0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: :ref:`async-support` and :ref:`green-support`.
|
.. seealso:: :ref:`async-support` and :ref:`green-support`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: async
|
.. attribute:: async
|
||||||
async_
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Read only attribute: 1 if the connection is asynchronous, 0 otherwise.
|
Read only attribute: 1 if the connection is asynchronous, 0 otherwise.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.7 added the `!async_` alias for Python versions
|
|
||||||
where `!async` is a keyword.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: poll()
|
.. method:: poll()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -716,7 +566,7 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return one of the constants defined in :ref:`poll-constants`. If it
|
Return one of the constants defined in :ref:`poll-constants`. If it
|
||||||
returns `~psycopg2.extensions.POLL_OK` then the connection has been
|
returns `~psycopg2.extensions.POLL_OK` then the connection has been
|
||||||
established or the query results are available on the client.
|
estabilished or the query results are available on the client.
|
||||||
Otherwise wait until the file descriptor returned by `fileno()` is
|
Otherwise wait until the file descriptor returned by `fileno()` is
|
||||||
ready to read or to write, as explained in :ref:`async-support`.
|
ready to read or to write, as explained in :ref:`async-support`.
|
||||||
`poll()` should be also used by the function installed by
|
`poll()` should be also used by the function installed by
|
||||||
|
@ -738,178 +588,6 @@ The ``connection`` class
|
||||||
Return `!True` if the connection is executing an asynchronous operation.
|
Return `!True` if the connection is executing an asynchronous operation.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. rubric:: Interoperation with other C API modules
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: pgconn_ptr
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return the internal `!PGconn*` as integer. Useful to pass the libpq
|
|
||||||
raw connection structure to C functions, e.g. via `ctypes`::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> import ctypes
|
|
||||||
>>> import ctypes.util
|
|
||||||
>>> libpq = ctypes.pydll.LoadLibrary(ctypes.util.find_library('pq'))
|
|
||||||
>>> libpq.PQserverVersion.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
|
|
||||||
>>> libpq.PQserverVersion.restype = ctypes.c_int
|
|
||||||
>>> libpq.PQserverVersion(conn.pgconn_ptr)
|
|
||||||
90611
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: get_native_connection()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return the internal `!PGconn*` wrapped in a PyCapsule object. This is
|
|
||||||
only useful for passing the `libpq` raw connection associated to this
|
|
||||||
connection object to other C-level modules that may have a use for it.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: Python C API `Capsules`__ docs.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://docs.python.org/3.1/c-api/capsule.html
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. rubric:: informative methods of the native connection
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
These methods are better accessed using the `~connection.info`
|
|
||||||
attributes and may be dropped in future versions.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
pair: Transaction; Status
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: get_transaction_status()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Also available as `~connection.info`\ `!.`\
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.ConnectionInfo.transaction_status`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return the current session transaction status as an integer. Symbolic
|
|
||||||
constants for the values are defined in the module
|
|
||||||
`psycopg2.extensions`: see :ref:`transaction-status-constants`
|
|
||||||
for the available values.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQtransactionStatus()`__ for details.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-status.html#LIBPQ-PQTRANSACTIONSTATUS
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
pair: Protocol; Version
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: protocol_version
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Also available as `~connection.info`\ `!.`\
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.ConnectionInfo.protocol_version`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A read-only integer representing frontend/backend protocol being used.
|
|
||||||
Currently Psycopg supports only protocol 3, which allows connection
|
|
||||||
to PostgreSQL server from version 7.4. Psycopg versions previous than
|
|
||||||
2.3 support both protocols 2 and 3.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQprotocolVersion()`__ for details.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-status.html#LIBPQ-PQPROTOCOLVERSION
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.0.12
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
pair: Server; Version
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: server_version
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Also available as `~connection.info`\ `!.`\
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.ConnectionInfo.server_version`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A read-only integer representing the backend version.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The number is formed by converting the major, minor, and revision
|
|
||||||
numbers into two-decimal-digit numbers and appending them together.
|
|
||||||
For example, version 8.1.5 will be returned as ``80105``.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQserverVersion()`__ for details.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-status.html#LIBPQ-PQSERVERVERSION
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.0.12
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
pair: Backend; PID
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: get_backend_pid()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Also available as `~connection.info`\ `!.`\
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.ConnectionInfo.backend_pid`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Returns the process ID (PID) of the backend server process *you
|
|
||||||
connected to*. Note that if you use a connection pool service such as
|
|
||||||
PgBouncer_ this value will not be updated if your connection is
|
|
||||||
switched to a different backend.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Note that the PID belongs to a process executing on the database
|
|
||||||
server host, not the local host!
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQbackendPID()`__ for details.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-status.html#LIBPQ-PQBACKENDPID
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.0.8
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
pair: Server; Parameters
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: get_parameter_status(parameter)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Also available as `~connection.info`\ `!.`\
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.ConnectionInfo.parameter_status()`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Look up a current parameter setting of the server.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Potential values for ``parameter`` are: ``server_version``,
|
|
||||||
``server_encoding``, ``client_encoding``, ``is_superuser``,
|
|
||||||
``session_authorization``, ``DateStyle``, ``TimeZone``,
|
|
||||||
``integer_datetimes``, and ``standard_conforming_strings``.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If server did not report requested parameter, return `!None`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQparameterStatus()`__ for details.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-status.html#LIBPQ-PQPARAMETERSTATUS
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.0.12
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
pair: Connection; Parameters
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: get_dsn_parameters()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Also available as `~connection.info`\ `!.`\
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.ConnectionInfo.dsn_parameters`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Get the effective dsn parameters for the connection as a dictionary.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The *password* parameter is removed from the result.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Example::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> conn.get_dsn_parameters()
|
|
||||||
{'dbname': 'test', 'user': 'postgres', 'port': '5432', 'sslmode': 'prefer'}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Requires libpq >= 9.3.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQconninfo()`__ for details.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-PQCONNINFO
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. testcode::
|
.. testcode::
|
||||||
:hide:
|
:hide:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -34,74 +34,56 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
many cursors from the same connection and should use each cursor from
|
many cursors from the same connection and should use each cursor from
|
||||||
a single thread. See :ref:`thread-safety` for details.
|
a single thread. See :ref:`thread-safety` for details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Cursors can be used as context managers: leaving the context will close
|
|
||||||
the cursor.
|
.. attribute:: description
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code:: python
|
This read-only attribute is a sequence of 7-item sequences.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with conn.cursor() as curs:
|
Each of these sequences is a named tuple (a regular tuple if
|
||||||
curs.execute(SQL)
|
:func:`collections.namedtuple` is not available) containing information
|
||||||
|
describing one result column:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# the cursor is now closed
|
0. `!name`: the name of the column returned.
|
||||||
|
1. `!type_code`: the PostgreSQL OID of the column. You can use the
|
||||||
|
|pg_type|_ system table to get more informations about the type.
|
||||||
|
This is the value used by Psycopg to decide what Python type use
|
||||||
|
to represent the value. See also
|
||||||
|
:ref:`type-casting-from-sql-to-python`.
|
||||||
|
2. `!display_size`: the actual length of the column in bytes.
|
||||||
|
Obtaining this value is computationally intensive, so it is
|
||||||
|
always `!None` unless the :envvar:`PSYCOPG_DISPLAY_SIZE` parameter
|
||||||
|
is set at compile time. See also PQgetlength_.
|
||||||
|
3. `!internal_size`: the size in bytes of the column associated to
|
||||||
|
this column on the server. Set to a negative value for
|
||||||
|
variable-size types See also PQfsize_.
|
||||||
|
4. `!precision`: total number of significant digits in columns of
|
||||||
|
type |NUMERIC|_. `!None` for other types.
|
||||||
|
5. `!scale`: count of decimal digits in the fractional part in
|
||||||
|
columns of type |NUMERIC|. `!None` for other types.
|
||||||
|
6. `!null_ok`: always `!None` as not easy to retrieve from the libpq.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This attribute will be `!None` for operations that do not return rows
|
||||||
.. attribute:: description
|
or if the cursor has not had an operation invoked via the
|
||||||
|
|execute*|_ methods yet.
|
||||||
Read-only attribute describing the result of a query. It is a
|
|
||||||
sequence of `~psycopg2.extensions.Column` instances, each one
|
.. |pg_type| replace:: :sql:`pg_type`
|
||||||
describing one result column in order. The attribute is `!None` for
|
.. _pg_type: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/catalog-pg-type.html
|
||||||
operations that do not return rows or if the cursor has not had an
|
.. _PQgetlength: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-PQGETLENGTH
|
||||||
operation invoked via the |execute*|_ methods yet.
|
.. _PQfsize: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-PQFSIZE
|
||||||
|
.. _NUMERIC: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-NUMERIC-DECIMAL
|
||||||
For compatibility with the DB-API, every object can be unpacked as a
|
.. |NUMERIC| replace:: :sql:`NUMERIC`
|
||||||
7-items sequence: the attributes retuned this way are the following.
|
|
||||||
For further details and other attributes available check the
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.Column` documentation.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
0. `~psycopg2.extensions.Column.name`: the name of the column returned.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
1. `~psycopg2.extensions.Column.type_code`: the PostgreSQL OID of the
|
|
||||||
column.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
2. `~psycopg2.extensions.Column.display_size`: the actual length of
|
|
||||||
the column in bytes.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
3. `~psycopg2.extensions.Column.internal_size`: the size in bytes of
|
|
||||||
the column associated to this column on the server.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
4. `~psycopg2.extensions.Column.precision`: total number of
|
|
||||||
significant digits in columns of type |NUMERIC|. `!None`
|
|
||||||
for other types.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
5. `~psycopg2.extensions.Column.scale`: count of decimal digits in
|
|
||||||
the fractional part in columns of type |NUMERIC|. `!None`
|
|
||||||
for other types.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
6. `~psycopg2.extensions.Column.null_ok`: always `!None` as not easy
|
|
||||||
to retrieve from the libpq.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.4
|
.. versionchanged:: 2.4
|
||||||
if possible, columns descriptions are named tuple instead of
|
if possible, columns descriptions are named tuple instead of
|
||||||
regular tuples.
|
regular tuples.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
columns descriptions are instances of `!Column`, exposing extra
|
|
||||||
attributes.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |NUMERIC| replace:: :sql:`NUMERIC`
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: close()
|
.. method:: close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Close the cursor now (rather than whenever `del` is executed).
|
Close the cursor now (rather than whenever `del` is executed).
|
||||||
The cursor will be unusable from this point forward; an
|
The cursor will be unusable from this point forward; an
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.InterfaceError` will be raised if any operation is
|
`~psycopg2.InterfaceError` will be raised if any operation is
|
||||||
attempted with the cursor.
|
attempted with the cursor.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.5 if the cursor is used in a ``with`` statement,
|
|
||||||
the method is automatically called at the end of the ``with``
|
|
||||||
block.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: closed
|
.. attribute:: closed
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Read-only boolean attribute: specifies if the cursor is closed
|
Read-only boolean attribute: specifies if the cursor is closed
|
||||||
|
@ -124,7 +106,7 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
.. attribute:: name
|
.. attribute:: name
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Read-only attribute containing the name of the cursor if it was
|
Read-only attribute containing the name of the cursor if it was
|
||||||
created as named cursor by `connection.cursor()`, or `!None` if
|
creates as named cursor by `connection.cursor()`, or `!None` if
|
||||||
it is a client side cursor. See :ref:`server-side-cursors`.
|
it is a client side cursor. See :ref:`server-side-cursors`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. extension::
|
.. extension::
|
||||||
|
@ -132,51 +114,7 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
The `name` attribute is a Psycopg extension to the |DBAPI|.
|
The `name` attribute is a Psycopg extension to the |DBAPI|.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: scrollable
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Read/write attribute: specifies if a named cursor is declared
|
|
||||||
:sql:`SCROLL`, hence is capable to scroll backwards (using
|
|
||||||
`~cursor.scroll()`). If `!True`, the cursor can be scrolled backwards,
|
|
||||||
if `!False` it is never scrollable. If `!None` (default) the cursor
|
|
||||||
scroll option is not specified, usually but not always meaning no
|
|
||||||
backward scroll (see the |declare-notes|__).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |declare-notes| replace:: :sql:`DECLARE` notes
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-declare.html#SQL-DECLARE-NOTES
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
set the value before calling `~cursor.execute()` or use the
|
|
||||||
`connection.cursor()` *scrollable* parameter, otherwise the value
|
|
||||||
will have no effect.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.5
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. extension::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The `scrollable` attribute is a Psycopg extension to the |DBAPI|.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: withhold
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Read/write attribute: specifies if a named cursor lifetime should
|
|
||||||
extend outside of the current transaction, i.e., it is possible to
|
|
||||||
fetch from the cursor even after a `connection.commit()` (but not after
|
|
||||||
a `connection.rollback()`). See :ref:`server-side-cursors`
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
set the value before calling `~cursor.execute()` or use the
|
|
||||||
`connection.cursor()` *withhold* parameter, otherwise the value
|
|
||||||
will have no effect.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.4.3
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. extension::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The `withhold` attribute is a Psycopg extension to the |DBAPI|.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |execute*| replace:: `execute*()`
|
.. |execute*| replace:: `execute*()`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _execute*:
|
.. _execute*:
|
||||||
|
@ -184,71 +122,43 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
.. rubric:: Commands execution methods
|
.. rubric:: Commands execution methods
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: execute(query, vars=None)
|
.. method:: execute(operation [, parameters])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Execute a database operation (query or command).
|
Prepare and execute a database operation (query or command).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters may be provided as sequence or mapping and will be bound to
|
Parameters may be provided as sequence or mapping and will be bound to
|
||||||
variables in the operation. Variables are specified either with
|
variables in the operation. Variables are specified either with
|
||||||
positional (``%s``) or named (:samp:`%({name})s`) placeholders. See
|
positional (``%s``) or named (:samp:`%({name})s`) placeholders. See
|
||||||
:ref:`query-parameters`.
|
:ref:`query-parameters`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The method returns `!None`. If a query was executed, the returned
|
The method returns `!None`. If a query was executed, the returned
|
||||||
values can be retrieved using |fetch*|_ methods.
|
values can be retrieved using |fetch*|_ methods.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: executemany(query, vars_list)
|
.. method:: executemany(operation, seq_of_parameters)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Execute a database operation (query or command) against all parameter
|
Prepare a database operation (query or command) and then execute it
|
||||||
tuples or mappings found in the sequence *vars_list*.
|
against all parameter tuples or mappings found in the sequence
|
||||||
|
`seq_of_parameters`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The function is mostly useful for commands that update the database:
|
The function is mostly useful for commands that update the database:
|
||||||
any result set returned by the query is discarded.
|
any result set returned by the query is discarded.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters are bounded to the query using the same rules described in
|
Parameters are bounded to the query using the same rules described in
|
||||||
the `~cursor.execute()` method.
|
the `~cursor.execute()` method.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code:: python
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> nums = ((1,), (5,), (10,))
|
|
||||||
>>> cur.executemany("INSERT INTO test (num) VALUES (%s)", nums)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> tuples = ((123, "foo"), (42, "bar"), (23, "baz"))
|
|
||||||
>>> cur.executemany("INSERT INTO test (num, data) VALUES (%s, %s)", tuples)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. warning::
|
|
||||||
In its current implementation this method is not faster than
|
|
||||||
executing `~cursor.execute()` in a loop. For better performance
|
|
||||||
you can use the functions described in :ref:`fast-exec`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: callproc(procname [, parameters])
|
.. method:: callproc(procname [, parameters])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Call a stored database procedure with the given name. The sequence of
|
Call a stored database procedure with the given name. The sequence of
|
||||||
parameters must contain one entry for each argument that the procedure
|
parameters must contain one entry for each argument that the procedure
|
||||||
expects. Overloaded procedures are supported. Named parameters can be
|
expects. The result of the call is returned as modified copy of the
|
||||||
used by supplying the parameters as a dictionary.
|
input sequence. Input parameters are left untouched, output and
|
||||||
|
input/output parameters replaced with possibly new values.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The procedure may also provide a result set as output. This must then
|
||||||
|
be made available through the standard |fetch*|_ methods.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This function is, at present, not DBAPI-compliant. The return value is
|
|
||||||
supposed to consist of the sequence of parameters with modified output
|
|
||||||
and input/output parameters. In future versions, the DBAPI-compliant
|
|
||||||
return value may be implemented, but for now the function returns None.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The procedure may provide a result set as output. This is then made
|
|
||||||
available through the standard |fetch*|_ methods.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
added support for named arguments.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
`!callproc()` can only be used with PostgreSQL functions__, not
|
|
||||||
with the procedures__ introduced in PostgreSQL 11, which require
|
|
||||||
the :sql:`CALL` statement to run. Please use a normal
|
|
||||||
`execute()` to run them.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createfunction.html
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createprocedure.html
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: mogrify(operation [, parameters])
|
.. method:: mogrify(operation [, parameters])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -256,8 +166,6 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
exactly the one that would be sent to the database running the
|
exactly the one that would be sent to the database running the
|
||||||
`~cursor.execute()` method or similar.
|
`~cursor.execute()` method or similar.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The returned string is always a bytes string.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> cur.mogrify("INSERT INTO test (num, data) VALUES (%s, %s)", (42, 'bar'))
|
>>> cur.mogrify("INSERT INTO test (num, data) VALUES (%s, %s)", (42, 'bar'))
|
||||||
"INSERT INTO test (num, data) VALUES (42, E'bar')"
|
"INSERT INTO test (num, data) VALUES (42, E'bar')"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -266,7 +174,7 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
The `mogrify()` method is a Psycopg extension to the |DBAPI|.
|
The `mogrify()` method is a Psycopg extension to the |DBAPI|.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: setinputsizes(sizes)
|
.. method:: setinputsizes(sizes)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This method is exposed in compliance with the |DBAPI|. It currently
|
This method is exposed in compliance with the |DBAPI|. It currently
|
||||||
does nothing but it is safe to call it.
|
does nothing but it is safe to call it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -292,7 +200,7 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> cur.execute("SELECT * FROM test;")
|
>>> cur.execute("SELECT * FROM test;")
|
||||||
>>> for record in cur:
|
>>> for record in cur:
|
||||||
... print(record)
|
... print record
|
||||||
...
|
...
|
||||||
(1, 100, "abc'def")
|
(1, 100, "abc'def")
|
||||||
(2, None, 'dada')
|
(2, None, 'dada')
|
||||||
|
@ -312,17 +220,17 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
>>> cur.execute("SELECT * FROM test WHERE id = %s", (3,))
|
>>> cur.execute("SELECT * FROM test WHERE id = %s", (3,))
|
||||||
>>> cur.fetchone()
|
>>> cur.fetchone()
|
||||||
(3, 42, 'bar')
|
(3, 42, 'bar')
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A `~psycopg2.ProgrammingError` is raised if the previous call
|
A `~psycopg2.ProgrammingError` is raised if the previous call
|
||||||
to |execute*|_ did not produce any result set or no call was issued
|
to |execute*|_ did not produce any result set or no call was issued
|
||||||
yet.
|
yet.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: fetchmany([size=cursor.arraysize])
|
.. method:: fetchmany([size=cursor.arraysize])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Fetch the next set of rows of a query result, returning a list of
|
Fetch the next set of rows of a query result, returning a list of
|
||||||
tuples. An empty list is returned when no more rows are available.
|
tuples. An empty list is returned when no more rows are available.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The number of rows to fetch per call is specified by the parameter.
|
The number of rows to fetch per call is specified by the parameter.
|
||||||
If it is not given, the cursor's `~cursor.arraysize` determines
|
If it is not given, the cursor's `~cursor.arraysize` determines
|
||||||
the number of rows to be fetched. The method should try to fetch as
|
the number of rows to be fetched. The method should try to fetch as
|
||||||
|
@ -340,7 +248,7 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A `~psycopg2.ProgrammingError` is raised if the previous call to
|
A `~psycopg2.ProgrammingError` is raised if the previous call to
|
||||||
|execute*|_ did not produce any result set or no call was issued yet.
|
|execute*|_ did not produce any result set or no call was issued yet.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Note there are performance considerations involved with the size
|
Note there are performance considerations involved with the size
|
||||||
parameter. For optimal performance, it is usually best to use the
|
parameter. For optimal performance, it is usually best to use the
|
||||||
`~cursor.arraysize` attribute. If the size parameter is used,
|
`~cursor.arraysize` attribute. If the size parameter is used,
|
||||||
|
@ -375,7 +283,10 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.ProgrammingError` is raised and the cursor position is
|
`~psycopg2.ProgrammingError` is raised and the cursor position is
|
||||||
not changed.
|
not changed.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
The method can be used both for client-side cursors and
|
||||||
|
:ref:`server-side cursors <server-side-cursors>`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. note::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
According to the |DBAPI|_, the exception raised for a cursor out
|
According to the |DBAPI|_, the exception raised for a cursor out
|
||||||
of bound should have been `!IndexError`. The best option is
|
of bound should have been `!IndexError`. The best option is
|
||||||
|
@ -386,16 +297,9 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
except (ProgrammingError, IndexError), exc:
|
except (ProgrammingError, IndexError), exc:
|
||||||
deal_with_it(exc)
|
deal_with_it(exc)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The method can be used both for client-side cursors and
|
|
||||||
:ref:`server-side cursors <server-side-cursors>`. Server-side cursors
|
|
||||||
can usually scroll backwards only if declared `~cursor.scrollable`.
|
|
||||||
Moving out-of-bound in a server-side cursor doesn't result in an
|
|
||||||
exception, if the backend doesn't raise any (Postgres doesn't tell us
|
|
||||||
in a reliable way if we went out of bound).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: arraysize
|
.. attribute:: arraysize
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This read/write attribute specifies the number of rows to fetch at a
|
This read/write attribute specifies the number of rows to fetch at a
|
||||||
time with `~cursor.fetchmany()`. It defaults to 1 meaning to fetch
|
time with `~cursor.fetchmany()`. It defaults to 1 meaning to fetch
|
||||||
a single row at a time.
|
a single row at a time.
|
||||||
|
@ -409,20 +313,20 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
default is 2000.
|
default is 2000.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.4
|
.. versionadded:: 2.4
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. extension::
|
.. extension::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The `itersize` attribute is a Psycopg extension to the |DBAPI|.
|
The `itersize` attribute is a Psycopg extension to the |DBAPI|.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: rowcount
|
.. attribute:: rowcount
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This read-only attribute specifies the number of rows that the last
|
This read-only attribute specifies the number of rows that the last
|
||||||
|execute*|_ produced (for :abbr:`DQL (Data Query Language)` statements
|
|execute*|_ produced (for :abbr:`DQL (Data Query Language)` statements
|
||||||
like :sql:`SELECT`) or affected (for
|
like :sql:`SELECT`) or affected (for
|
||||||
:abbr:`DML (Data Manipulation Language)` statements like :sql:`UPDATE`
|
:abbr:`DML (Data Manipulation Language)` statements like :sql:`UPDATE`
|
||||||
or :sql:`INSERT`).
|
or :sql:`INSERT`).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The attribute is -1 in case no |execute*| has been performed on
|
The attribute is -1 in case no |execute*| has been performed on
|
||||||
the cursor or the row count of the last operation if it can't be
|
the cursor or the row count of the last operation if it can't be
|
||||||
determined by the interface.
|
determined by the interface.
|
||||||
|
@ -431,7 +335,7 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
The |DBAPI|_ interface reserves to redefine the latter case to
|
The |DBAPI|_ interface reserves to redefine the latter case to
|
||||||
have the object return `!None` instead of -1 in future versions
|
have the object return `!None` instead of -1 in future versions
|
||||||
of the specification.
|
of the specification.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: rownumber
|
.. attribute:: rownumber
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -461,20 +365,20 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
more flexibility.
|
more flexibility.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |CREATE-TABLE| replace:: :sql:`CREATE TABLE`
|
.. |CREATE-TABLE| replace:: :sql:`CREATE TABLE`
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-createtable.html
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/sql-createtable.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |INSERT-RETURNING| replace:: :sql:`INSERT ... RETURNING`
|
.. |INSERT-RETURNING| replace:: :sql:`INSERT ... RETURNING`
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-insert.html
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/sql-insert.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: query
|
.. attribute:: query
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Read-only attribute containing the body of the last query sent to the
|
Read-only attribute containing the body of the last query sent to the
|
||||||
backend (including bound arguments) as bytes string. `!None` if no
|
backend (including bound arguments). `!None` if no query has been
|
||||||
query has been executed yet:
|
executed yet:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> cur.execute("INSERT INTO test (num, data) VALUES (%s, %s)", (42, 'bar'))
|
>>> cur.execute("INSERT INTO test (num, data) VALUES (%s, %s)", (42, 'bar'))
|
||||||
>>> cur.query
|
>>> cur.query
|
||||||
"INSERT INTO test (num, data) VALUES (42, E'bar')"
|
"INSERT INTO test (num, data) VALUES (42, E'bar')"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. extension::
|
.. extension::
|
||||||
|
@ -488,7 +392,7 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
command:
|
command:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> cur.execute("INSERT INTO test (num, data) VALUES (%s, %s)", (42, 'bar'))
|
>>> cur.execute("INSERT INTO test (num, data) VALUES (%s, %s)", (42, 'bar'))
|
||||||
>>> cur.statusmessage
|
>>> cur.statusmessage
|
||||||
'INSERT 0 1'
|
'INSERT 0 1'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. extension::
|
.. extension::
|
||||||
|
@ -516,20 +420,18 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The time zone factory used to handle data types such as
|
The time zone factory used to handle data types such as
|
||||||
:sql:`TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE`. It should be a `~datetime.tzinfo`
|
:sql:`TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE`. It should be a `~datetime.tzinfo`
|
||||||
object. Default is `datetime.timezone`.
|
object. A few implementations are available in the `psycopg2.tz`
|
||||||
|
module.
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.9
|
|
||||||
previosly the default factory was `psycopg2.tz.FixedOffsetTimezone`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: nextset()
|
.. method:: nextset()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This method is not supported (PostgreSQL does not have multiple data
|
This method is not supported (PostgreSQL does not have multiple data
|
||||||
sets) and will raise a `~psycopg2.NotSupportedError` exception.
|
sets) and will raise a `~psycopg2.NotSupportedError` exception.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: setoutputsize(size [, column])
|
.. method:: setoutputsize(size [, column])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This method is exposed in compliance with the |DBAPI|. It currently
|
This method is exposed in compliance with the |DBAPI|. It currently
|
||||||
does nothing but it is safe to call it.
|
does nothing but it is safe to call it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -537,32 +439,25 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. rubric:: COPY-related methods
|
.. rubric:: COPY-related methods
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Efficiently copy data from file-like objects to the database and back. See
|
|
||||||
:ref:`copy` for an overview.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. extension::
|
.. extension::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The :sql:`COPY` command is a PostgreSQL extension to the SQL standard.
|
The :sql:`COPY` command is a PostgreSQL extension to the SQL standard.
|
||||||
As such, its support is a Psycopg extension to the |DBAPI|.
|
As such, its support is a Psycopg extension to the |DBAPI|.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: copy_from(file, table, sep='\\t', null='\\\\N', size=8192, columns=None)
|
.. method:: copy_from(file, table, sep='\\t', null='\\N', columns=None)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Read data *from* the file-like object *file* appending them to
|
Read data *from* the file-like object *file* appending them to
|
||||||
the table named *table*.
|
the table named *table*. *file* must have both
|
||||||
|
`!read()` and `!readline()` method. See :ref:`copy` for an
|
||||||
|
overview.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:param file: file-like object to read data from. It must have both
|
The optional argument *sep* is the columns separator and
|
||||||
`!read()` and `!readline()` methods.
|
*null* represents :sql:`NULL` values in the file.
|
||||||
:param table: name of the table to copy data into.
|
|
||||||
:param sep: columns separator expected in the file. Defaults to a tab.
|
|
||||||
:param null: textual representation of :sql:`NULL` in the file.
|
|
||||||
The default is the two characters string ``\N``.
|
|
||||||
:param size: size of the buffer used to read from the file.
|
|
||||||
:param columns: iterable with name of the columns to import.
|
|
||||||
The length and types should match the content of the file to read.
|
|
||||||
If not specified, it is assumed that the entire table matches the
|
|
||||||
file structure.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Example::
|
The *columns* argument is a sequence containing the name of the
|
||||||
|
fields where the read data will be entered. Its length and column
|
||||||
|
type should match the content of the read file. If not specifies, it
|
||||||
|
is assumed that the entire table matches the file structure.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> f = StringIO("42\tfoo\n74\tbar\n")
|
>>> f = StringIO("42\tfoo\n74\tbar\n")
|
||||||
>>> cur.copy_from(f, 'test', columns=('num', 'data'))
|
>>> cur.copy_from(f, 'test', columns=('num', 'data'))
|
||||||
|
@ -578,26 +473,17 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
are encoded in the connection `~connection.encoding` when sent to
|
are encoded in the connection `~connection.encoding` when sent to
|
||||||
the backend.
|
the backend.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.9
|
.. method:: copy_to(file, table, sep='\\t', null='\\N', columns=None)
|
||||||
the table and fields names are now quoted. If you need to specify
|
|
||||||
a schema-qualified table please use `copy_expert()`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: copy_to(file, table, sep='\\t', null='\\\\N', columns=None)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Write the content of the table named *table* *to* the file-like
|
Write the content of the table named *table* *to* the file-like
|
||||||
object *file*. See :ref:`copy` for an overview.
|
object *file*. *file* must have a `!write()` method.
|
||||||
|
See :ref:`copy` for an overview.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:param file: file-like object to write data into. It must have a
|
The optional argument *sep* is the columns separator and
|
||||||
`!write()` method.
|
*null* represents :sql:`NULL` values in the file.
|
||||||
:param table: name of the table to copy data from.
|
|
||||||
:param sep: columns separator expected in the file. Defaults to a tab.
|
|
||||||
:param null: textual representation of :sql:`NULL` in the file.
|
|
||||||
The default is the two characters string ``\N``.
|
|
||||||
:param columns: iterable with name of the columns to export.
|
|
||||||
If not specified, export all the columns.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Example::
|
The *columns* argument is a sequence of field names: if not
|
||||||
|
`!None` only the specified fields will be included in the dump.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> cur.copy_to(sys.stdout, 'test', sep="|")
|
>>> cur.copy_to(sys.stdout, 'test', sep="|")
|
||||||
1|100|abc'def
|
1|100|abc'def
|
||||||
|
@ -612,35 +498,18 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
are decoded in the connection `~connection.encoding` when read
|
are decoded in the connection `~connection.encoding` when read
|
||||||
from the backend.
|
from the backend.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.9
|
|
||||||
the table and fields names are now quoted. If you need to specify
|
|
||||||
a schema-qualified table please use `copy_expert()`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. method:: copy_expert(sql, file [, size])
|
||||||
.. method:: copy_expert(sql, file, size=8192)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Submit a user-composed :sql:`COPY` statement. The method is useful to
|
Submit a user-composed :sql:`COPY` statement. The method is useful to
|
||||||
handle all the parameters that PostgreSQL makes available (see
|
handle all the parameters that PostgreSQL makes available (see
|
||||||
|COPY|__ command documentation).
|
|COPY|__ command documentation).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:param sql: the :sql:`COPY` statement to execute.
|
*file* must be an open, readable file for :sql:`COPY FROM` or an
|
||||||
:param file: a file-like object to read or write (according to *sql*).
|
open, writeable file for :sql:`COPY TO`. The optional *size*
|
||||||
:param size: size of the read buffer to be used in :sql:`COPY FROM`.
|
argument, when specified for a :sql:`COPY FROM` statement, will be
|
||||||
|
passed to *file*\ 's read method to control the read buffer
|
||||||
The *sql* statement should be in the form :samp:`COPY {table} TO
|
size.
|
||||||
STDOUT` to export :samp:`{table}` to the *file* object passed as
|
|
||||||
argument or :samp:`COPY {table} FROM STDIN` to import the content of
|
|
||||||
the *file* object into :samp:`{table}`. If you need to compose a
|
|
||||||
:sql:`COPY` statement dynamically (because table, fields, or query
|
|
||||||
parameters are in Python variables) you may use the objects provided
|
|
||||||
by the `psycopg2.sql` module.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
*file* must be a readable file-like object (as required by
|
|
||||||
`~cursor.copy_from()`) for *sql* statement :sql:`COPY ... FROM STDIN`
|
|
||||||
or a writable one (as required by `~cursor.copy_to()`) for :sql:`COPY
|
|
||||||
... TO STDOUT`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Example:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> cur.copy_expert("COPY test TO STDOUT WITH CSV HEADER", sys.stdout)
|
>>> cur.copy_expert("COPY test TO STDOUT WITH CSV HEADER", sys.stdout)
|
||||||
id,num,data
|
id,num,data
|
||||||
|
@ -649,7 +518,7 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
...
|
...
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |COPY| replace:: :sql:`COPY`
|
.. |COPY| replace:: :sql:`COPY`
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-copy.html
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/sql-copy.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.0.6
|
.. versionadded:: 2.0.6
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -658,24 +527,6 @@ The ``cursor`` class
|
||||||
using Unicode data instead of bytes.
|
using Unicode data instead of bytes.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. rubric:: Interoperation with other C API modules
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: pgresult_ptr
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return the cursor's internal `!PGresult*` as integer. Useful to pass
|
|
||||||
the libpq raw result structure to C functions, e.g. via `ctypes`::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> import ctypes
|
|
||||||
>>> libpq = ctypes.pydll.LoadLibrary(ctypes.util.find_library('pq'))
|
|
||||||
>>> libpq.PQcmdStatus.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
|
|
||||||
>>> libpq.PQcmdStatus.restype = ctypes.c_char_p
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> curs.execute("select 'x'")
|
|
||||||
>>> libpq.PQcmdStatus(curs.pgresult_ptr)
|
|
||||||
b'SELECT 1'
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. testcode::
|
.. testcode::
|
||||||
:hide:
|
:hide:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ From PostgreSQL documentation:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: `PostgreSQL Error Codes table`__
|
.. seealso:: `PostgreSQL Error Codes table`__
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/errcodes-appendix.html#ERRCODES-TABLE
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/errcodes-appendix.html#ERRCODES-TABLE
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
An example of the available constants defined in the module:
|
An example of the available constants defined in the module:
|
||||||
|
@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ An example of the available constants defined in the module:
|
||||||
>>> errorcodes.UNDEFINED_TABLE
|
>>> errorcodes.UNDEFINED_TABLE
|
||||||
'42P01'
|
'42P01'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Constants representing all the error values defined by PostgreSQL versions
|
Constants representing all the error values documented by PostgreSQL versions
|
||||||
between 8.1 and 15 are included in the module.
|
between 8.1 and 9.0 are included in the module.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autofunction:: lookup(code)
|
.. autofunction:: lookup(code)
|
||||||
|
@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ between 8.1 and 15 are included in the module.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> try:
|
>>> try:
|
||||||
... cur.execute("SELECT ouch FROM aargh;")
|
... cur.execute("SELECT ouch FROM aargh;")
|
||||||
... except Exception as e:
|
... except Exception, e:
|
||||||
... pass
|
... pass
|
||||||
...
|
...
|
||||||
>>> errorcodes.lookup(e.pgcode[:2])
|
>>> errorcodes.lookup(e.pgcode[:2])
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
`psycopg2.errors` -- Exception classes mapping PostgreSQL errors
|
|
||||||
================================================================
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. sectionauthor:: Daniele Varrazzo <daniele.varrazzo@gmail.com>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
single: Error; Class
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. module:: psycopg2.errors
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.8.4 added errors introduced in PostgreSQL 12
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.8.6 added errors introduced in PostgreSQL 13
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.9.2 added errors introduced in PostgreSQL 14
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.9.4 added errors introduced in PostgreSQL 15
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.9.10 added errors introduced in PostgreSQL 17
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This module exposes the classes psycopg raises upon receiving an error from
|
|
||||||
the database with a :sql:`SQLSTATE` value attached (available in the
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.Error.pgcode` attribute). The content of the module is generated
|
|
||||||
from the PostgreSQL source code and includes classes for every error defined
|
|
||||||
by PostgreSQL in versions between 9.1 and 15.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Every class in the module is named after what referred as "condition name" `in
|
|
||||||
the documentation`__, converted to CamelCase: e.g. the error 22012,
|
|
||||||
``division_by_zero`` is exposed by this module as the class `!DivisionByZero`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/errcodes-appendix.html#ERRCODES-TABLE
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Every exception class is a subclass of one of the :ref:`standard DB-API
|
|
||||||
exception <dbapi-exceptions>` and expose the `~psycopg2.Error` interface.
|
|
||||||
Each class' superclass is what used to be raised by psycopg in versions before
|
|
||||||
the introduction of this module, so everything should be compatible with
|
|
||||||
previously written code catching one the DB-API class: if your code used to
|
|
||||||
catch `!IntegrityError` to detect a duplicate entry, it will keep on working
|
|
||||||
even if a more specialised subclass such as `UniqueViolation` is raised.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The new classes allow a more idiomatic way to check and process a specific
|
|
||||||
error among the many the database may return. For instance, in order to check
|
|
||||||
that a table is locked, the following code could have been used previously:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: python
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
cur.execute("LOCK TABLE mytable IN ACCESS EXCLUSIVE MODE NOWAIT")
|
|
||||||
except psycopg2.OperationalError as e:
|
|
||||||
if e.pgcode == psycopg2.errorcodes.LOCK_NOT_AVAILABLE:
|
|
||||||
locked = True
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
raise
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
While this method is still available, the specialised class allows for a more
|
|
||||||
idiomatic error handler:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: python
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
cur.execute("LOCK TABLE mytable IN ACCESS EXCLUSIVE MODE NOWAIT")
|
|
||||||
except psycopg2.errors.LockNotAvailable:
|
|
||||||
locked = True
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autofunction:: lookup
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: python
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
cur.execute("LOCK TABLE mytable IN ACCESS EXCLUSIVE MODE NOWAIT")
|
|
||||||
except psycopg2.errors.lookup("55P03"):
|
|
||||||
locked = True
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SQLSTATE exception classes
|
|
||||||
--------------------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The following table contains the list of all the SQLSTATE classes exposed by
|
|
||||||
the module.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Note that, for completeness, the module also exposes all the
|
|
||||||
:ref:`DB-API-defined exceptions <dbapi-exceptions>` and :ref:`a few
|
|
||||||
psycopg-specific ones <extension-exceptions>` exposed by the `!extensions`
|
|
||||||
module, which are not listed here.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. include:: sqlstate_errors.rst
|
|
|
@ -12,14 +12,8 @@
|
||||||
The module contains a few objects and function extending the minimum set of
|
The module contains a few objects and function extending the minimum set of
|
||||||
functionalities defined by the |DBAPI|_.
|
functionalities defined by the |DBAPI|_.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Classes definitions
|
|
||||||
-------------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Instances of these classes are usually returned by factory functions or
|
.. class:: connection
|
||||||
attributes. Their definitions are exposed here to allow subclassing,
|
|
||||||
introspection etc.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. class:: connection(dsn, async=False)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Is the class usually returned by the `~psycopg2.connect()` function.
|
Is the class usually returned by the `~psycopg2.connect()` function.
|
||||||
It is exposed by the `extensions` module in order to allow
|
It is exposed by the `extensions` module in order to allow
|
||||||
|
@ -27,14 +21,13 @@ introspection etc.
|
||||||
`!connect()` function using the `connection_factory` parameter.
|
`!connect()` function using the `connection_factory` parameter.
|
||||||
See also :ref:`subclassing-connection`.
|
See also :ref:`subclassing-connection`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Subclasses should have constructor signature :samp:`({dsn}, {async}=0)`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For a complete description of the class, see `connection`.
|
For a complete description of the class, see `connection`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.7
|
.. class:: cursor
|
||||||
*async_* can be used as alias for *async*.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. class:: cursor(conn, name=None)
|
It is the class usually returnded by the `connection.cursor()`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
It is the class usually returned by the `connection.cursor()`
|
|
||||||
method. It is exposed by the `extensions` module in order to allow
|
method. It is exposed by the `extensions` module in order to allow
|
||||||
subclassing to extend its behaviour: the subclass should be passed to the
|
subclassing to extend its behaviour: the subclass should be passed to the
|
||||||
`!cursor()` method using the `cursor_factory` parameter. See
|
`!cursor()` method using the `cursor_factory` parameter. See
|
||||||
|
@ -42,7 +35,6 @@ introspection etc.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For a complete description of the class, see `cursor`.
|
For a complete description of the class, see `cursor`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. class:: lobject(conn [, oid [, mode [, new_oid [, new_file ]]]])
|
.. class:: lobject(conn [, oid [, mode [, new_oid [, new_file ]]]])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Wrapper for a PostgreSQL large object. See :ref:`large-objects` for an
|
Wrapper for a PostgreSQL large object. See :ref:`large-objects` for an
|
||||||
|
@ -50,20 +42,18 @@ introspection etc.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The class can be subclassed: see the `connection.lobject()` to know
|
The class can be subclassed: see the `connection.lobject()` to know
|
||||||
how to specify a `!lobject` subclass.
|
how to specify a `!lobject` subclass.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.0.8
|
.. versionadded:: 2.0.8
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: oid
|
.. attribute:: oid
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Database OID of the object.
|
Database OID of the object.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: mode
|
.. attribute:: mode
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The mode the database was open. See `connection.lobject()` for a
|
The mode the database was open. See `connection.lobject()` for a
|
||||||
description of the available modes.
|
description of the available modes.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: read(bytes=-1)
|
.. method:: read(bytes=-1)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Read a chunk of data from the current file position. If -1 (default)
|
Read a chunk of data from the current file position. If -1 (default)
|
||||||
|
@ -76,7 +66,6 @@ introspection etc.
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.4
|
.. versionchanged:: 2.4
|
||||||
added Unicode support.
|
added Unicode support.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: write(str)
|
.. method:: write(str)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Write a string to the large object. Return the number of bytes
|
Write a string to the large object. Return the number of bytes
|
||||||
|
@ -86,60 +75,35 @@ introspection etc.
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.4
|
.. versionchanged:: 2.4
|
||||||
added Unicode support.
|
added Unicode support.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: export(file_name)
|
.. method:: export(file_name)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Export the large object content to the file system.
|
Export the large object content to the file system.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The method uses the efficient |lo_export|_ libpq function.
|
The method uses the efficient |lo_export|_ libpq function.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |lo_export| replace:: `!lo_export()`
|
.. |lo_export| replace:: `!lo_export()`
|
||||||
.. _lo_export: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/lo-interfaces.html#LO-EXPORT
|
.. _lo_export: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/lo-interfaces.html#LO-EXPORT
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: seek(offset, whence=0)
|
.. method:: seek(offset, whence=0)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Set the lobject current position.
|
Set the lobject current position.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.6
|
|
||||||
added support for *offset* > 2GB.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: tell()
|
.. method:: tell()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return the lobject current position.
|
Return the lobject current position.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.2
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.6
|
|
||||||
added support for return value > 2GB.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: truncate(len=0)
|
.. method:: truncate(len=0)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. versionadded:: 2.2.0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Truncate the lobject to the given size.
|
Truncate the lobject to the given size.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The method will only be available if Psycopg has been built against
|
The method will only be available if Psycopg has been built against libpq
|
||||||
libpq from PostgreSQL 8.3 or later and can only be used with
|
from PostgreSQL 8.3 or later and can only be used with PostgreSQL servers
|
||||||
PostgreSQL servers running these versions. It uses the |lo_truncate|_
|
running these versions. It uses the |lo_truncate|_ libpq function.
|
||||||
libpq function.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |lo_truncate| replace:: `!lo_truncate()`
|
.. |lo_truncate| replace:: `!lo_truncate()`
|
||||||
.. _lo_truncate: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/lo-interfaces.html#LO-TRUNCATE
|
.. _lo_truncate: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/lo-interfaces.html#LO-TRUNCATE
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.2
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.6
|
|
||||||
added support for *len* > 2GB.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. warning::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If Psycopg is built with |lo_truncate| support or with the 64 bits API
|
|
||||||
support (resp. from PostgreSQL versions 8.3 and 9.3) but at runtime an
|
|
||||||
older version of the dynamic library is found, the ``psycopg2`` module
|
|
||||||
will fail to import. See :ref:`the lo_truncate FAQ <faq-lo_truncate>`
|
|
||||||
about the problem.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: close()
|
.. method:: close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -154,130 +118,6 @@ introspection etc.
|
||||||
Close the object and remove it from the database.
|
Close the object and remove it from the database.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoclass:: ConnectionInfo(connection)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: dbname
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: user
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: password
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: host
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: port
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: options
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: dsn_parameters
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Example::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> conn.info.dsn_parameters
|
|
||||||
{'dbname': 'test', 'user': 'postgres', 'port': '5432', 'sslmode': 'prefer'}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Requires libpq >= 9.3.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: status
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: transaction_status
|
|
||||||
.. automethod:: parameter_status(name)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: protocol_version
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Currently Psycopg supports only protocol 3, which allows connection
|
|
||||||
to PostgreSQL server from version 7.4. Psycopg versions previous than
|
|
||||||
2.3 support both protocols 2 and 3.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: server_version
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The number is formed by converting the major, minor, and revision
|
|
||||||
numbers into two-decimal-digit numbers and appending them together.
|
|
||||||
After PostgreSQL 10 the minor version was dropped, so the second group
|
|
||||||
of digits is always ``00``. For example, version 9.3.5 will be
|
|
||||||
returned as ``90305``, version 10.2 as ``100002``.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: error_message
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: socket
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: backend_pid
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: needs_password
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: used_password
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: ssl_in_use
|
|
||||||
.. automethod:: ssl_attribute(name)
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: ssl_attribute_names
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. class:: Column(\*args, \*\*kwargs)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Description of one result column, exposed as items of the
|
|
||||||
`cursor.description` sequence.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
in previous version the `!description` attribute was a sequence of
|
|
||||||
simple tuples or namedtuples.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: name
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The name of the column returned.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: type_code
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The PostgreSQL OID of the column. You can use the |pg_type|_ system
|
|
||||||
table to get more informations about the type. This is the value used
|
|
||||||
by Psycopg to decide what Python type use to represent the value. See
|
|
||||||
also :ref:`type-casting-from-sql-to-python`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: display_size
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Supposed to be the actual length of the column in bytes. Obtaining
|
|
||||||
this value is computationally intensive, so it is always `!None`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
It was previously possible to obtain this value using a compiler
|
|
||||||
flag at builtin.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: internal_size
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The size in bytes of the column associated to this column on the
|
|
||||||
server. Set to a negative value for variable-size types See also
|
|
||||||
PQfsize_.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: precision
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Total number of significant digits in columns of type |NUMERIC|_.
|
|
||||||
`!None` for other types.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: scale
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Count of decimal digits in the fractional part in columns of type
|
|
||||||
|NUMERIC|. `!None` for other types.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: null_ok
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Always `!None` as not easy to retrieve from the libpq.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: table_oid
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The oid of the table from which the column was fetched (matching
|
|
||||||
:sql:`pg_class.oid`). `!None` if the column is not a simple reference
|
|
||||||
to a table column. See also PQftable_.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: table_column
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The number of the column (within its table) making up the result
|
|
||||||
(matching :sql:`pg_attribute.attnum`, so it will start from 1).
|
|
||||||
`!None` if the column is not a simple reference to a table column. See
|
|
||||||
also PQftablecol_.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |pg_type| replace:: :sql:`pg_type`
|
|
||||||
.. _pg_type: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/catalog-pg-type.html
|
|
||||||
.. _PQgetlength: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-PQGETLENGTH
|
|
||||||
.. _PQfsize: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-PQFSIZE
|
|
||||||
.. _PQftable: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-PQFTABLE
|
|
||||||
.. _PQftablecol: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-PQFTABLECOL
|
|
||||||
.. _NUMERIC: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-NUMERIC-DECIMAL
|
|
||||||
.. |NUMERIC| replace:: :sql:`NUMERIC`
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoclass:: Notify(pid, channel, payload='')
|
.. autoclass:: Notify(pid, channel, payload='')
|
||||||
:members: pid, channel, payload
|
:members: pid, channel, payload
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -292,40 +132,13 @@ introspection etc.
|
||||||
.. automethod:: from_string(s)
|
.. automethod:: from_string(s)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoclass:: Diagnostics(exception)
|
.. autofunction:: set_wait_callback(f)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.5
|
.. versionadded:: 2.2.0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The attributes currently available are:
|
.. autofunction:: get_wait_callback()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute::
|
|
||||||
column_name
|
|
||||||
constraint_name
|
|
||||||
context
|
|
||||||
datatype_name
|
|
||||||
internal_position
|
|
||||||
internal_query
|
|
||||||
message_detail
|
|
||||||
message_hint
|
|
||||||
message_primary
|
|
||||||
schema_name
|
|
||||||
severity
|
|
||||||
severity_nonlocalized
|
|
||||||
source_file
|
|
||||||
source_function
|
|
||||||
source_line
|
|
||||||
sqlstate
|
|
||||||
statement_position
|
|
||||||
table_name
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A string with the error field if available; `!None` if not available.
|
|
||||||
The attribute value is available only if the error sent by the server:
|
|
||||||
not all the fields are available for all the errors and for all the
|
|
||||||
server versions.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
The `!severity_nonlocalized` attribute.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. versionadded:: 2.2.0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _sql-adaptation-objects:
|
.. _sql-adaptation-objects:
|
||||||
|
@ -340,7 +153,7 @@ deal with Python objects adaptation:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function:: adapt(obj)
|
.. function:: adapt(obj)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return the SQL representation of *obj* as an `ISQLQuote`. Raise a
|
Return the SQL representation of *obj* as a string. Raise a
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.ProgrammingError` if how to adapt the object is unknown.
|
`~psycopg2.ProgrammingError` if how to adapt the object is unknown.
|
||||||
In order to allow new objects to be adapted, register a new adapter for it
|
In order to allow new objects to be adapted, register a new adapter for it
|
||||||
using the `register_adapter()` function.
|
using the `register_adapter()` function.
|
||||||
|
@ -354,7 +167,7 @@ deal with Python objects adaptation:
|
||||||
Register a new adapter for the objects of class *class*.
|
Register a new adapter for the objects of class *class*.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
*adapter* should be a function taking a single argument (the object
|
*adapter* should be a function taking a single argument (the object
|
||||||
to adapt) and returning an object conforming to the `ISQLQuote`
|
to adapt) and returning an object conforming the `ISQLQuote`
|
||||||
protocol (e.g. exposing a `!getquoted()` method). The `AsIs` is
|
protocol (e.g. exposing a `!getquoted()` method). The `AsIs` is
|
||||||
often useful for this task.
|
often useful for this task.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -413,9 +226,9 @@ deal with Python objects adaptation:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: getquoted()
|
.. method:: getquoted()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return the string enclosed in single quotes. Any single quote appearing
|
Return the string enclosed in single quotes. Any single quote
|
||||||
in the string is escaped by doubling it according to SQL string
|
appearing in the the string is escaped by doubling it according to SQL
|
||||||
constants syntax. Backslashes are escaped too.
|
string constants syntax. Backslashes are escaped too.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> QuotedString(r"O'Reilly").getquoted()
|
>>> QuotedString(r"O'Reilly").getquoted()
|
||||||
"'O''Reilly'"
|
"'O''Reilly'"
|
||||||
|
@ -453,6 +266,13 @@ deal with Python objects adaptation:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Specialized adapters for Python datetime objects.
|
Specialized adapters for Python datetime objects.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. class:: DateFromMx
|
||||||
|
TimeFromMx
|
||||||
|
TimestampFromMx
|
||||||
|
IntervalFromMx
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Specialized adapters for `mx.DateTime`_ objects.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: adapters
|
.. data:: adapters
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Dictionary of the currently registered object adapters. Use
|
Dictionary of the currently registered object adapters. Use
|
||||||
|
@ -470,7 +290,7 @@ details.
|
||||||
.. function:: new_type(oids, name, adapter)
|
.. function:: new_type(oids, name, adapter)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Create a new type caster to convert from a PostgreSQL type to a Python
|
Create a new type caster to convert from a PostgreSQL type to a Python
|
||||||
object. The object created must be registered using
|
object. The created object must be registered using
|
||||||
`register_type()` to be used.
|
`register_type()` to be used.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:param oids: tuple of OIDs of the PostgreSQL type to convert.
|
:param oids: tuple of OIDs of the PostgreSQL type to convert.
|
||||||
|
@ -489,38 +309,6 @@ details.
|
||||||
See :ref:`type-casting-from-sql-to-python` for an usage example.
|
See :ref:`type-casting-from-sql-to-python` for an usage example.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function:: new_array_type(oids, name, base_caster)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Create a new type caster to convert from a PostgreSQL array type to a list
|
|
||||||
of Python object. The object created must be registered using
|
|
||||||
`register_type()` to be used.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:param oids: tuple of OIDs of the PostgreSQL type to convert. It should
|
|
||||||
probably contain the oid of the array type (e.g. the ``typarray``
|
|
||||||
field in the ``pg_type`` table).
|
|
||||||
:param name: the name of the new type adapter.
|
|
||||||
:param base_caster: a Psycopg typecaster, e.g. created using the
|
|
||||||
`new_type()` function. The caster should be able to parse a single
|
|
||||||
item of the desired type.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.4.3
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _cast-array-unknown:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The function can be used to create a generic array typecaster,
|
|
||||||
returning a list of strings: just use `psycopg2.STRING` as base
|
|
||||||
typecaster. For instance, if you want to receive an array of
|
|
||||||
:sql:`macaddr` from the database, each address represented by string,
|
|
||||||
you can use::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# select typarray from pg_type where typname = 'macaddr' -> 1040
|
|
||||||
psycopg2.extensions.register_type(
|
|
||||||
psycopg2.extensions.new_array_type(
|
|
||||||
(1040,), 'MACADDR[]', psycopg2.STRING))
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function:: register_type(obj [, scope])
|
.. function:: register_type(obj [, scope])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Register a type caster created using `new_type()`.
|
Register a type caster created using `new_type()`.
|
||||||
|
@ -540,31 +328,24 @@ details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: encodings
|
.. data:: encodings
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Mapping from `PostgreSQL encoding`__ to `Python encoding`__ names.
|
Mapping from `PostgreSQL encoding`__ names to `Python codec`__ names.
|
||||||
Used by Psycopg when adapting or casting unicode strings. See
|
Used by Psycopg when adapting or casting unicode strings. See
|
||||||
:ref:`unicode-handling`.
|
:ref:`unicode-handling`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/multibyte.html
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/multibyte.html
|
||||||
.. __: https://docs.python.org/library/codecs.html#standard-encodings
|
.. __: http://docs.python.org/library/codecs.html#standard-encodings
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
single: Exceptions; Additional
|
single: Exceptions; Additional
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _extension-exceptions:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Additional exceptions
|
Additional exceptions
|
||||||
---------------------
|
---------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The module exports a few exceptions in addition to the :ref:`standard ones
|
The module exports a few exceptions in addition to the :ref:`standard ones
|
||||||
<dbapi-exceptions>` defined by the |DBAPI|_.
|
<dbapi-exceptions>` defined by the |DBAPI|_.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
|
||||||
From psycopg 2.8 these error classes are also exposed by the
|
|
||||||
`psycopg2.errors` module.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. exception:: QueryCanceledError
|
.. exception:: QueryCanceledError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
(subclasses `~psycopg2.OperationalError`)
|
(subclasses `~psycopg2.OperationalError`)
|
||||||
|
@ -579,143 +360,13 @@ The module exports a few exceptions in addition to the :ref:`standard ones
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
(subclasses `~psycopg2.OperationalError`)
|
(subclasses `~psycopg2.OperationalError`)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Error causing transaction rollback (deadlocks, serialization failures,
|
Error causing transaction rollback (deadlocks, serialisation failures,
|
||||||
etc). It can be trapped specifically to detect a deadlock.
|
etc). It can be trapped specifically to detect a deadlock.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.0.7
|
.. versionadded:: 2.0.7
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _coroutines-functions:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Coroutines support functions
|
|
||||||
----------------------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
These functions are used to set and retrieve the callback function for
|
|
||||||
:ref:`cooperation with coroutine libraries <green-support>`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.2
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autofunction:: set_wait_callback(f)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autofunction:: get_wait_callback()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Other functions
|
|
||||||
---------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function:: libpq_version()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return the version number of the ``libpq`` dynamic library loaded as an
|
|
||||||
integer, in the same format of `~connection.server_version`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raise `~psycopg2.NotSupportedError` if the ``psycopg2`` module was
|
|
||||||
compiled with a ``libpq`` version lesser than 9.1 (which can be detected
|
|
||||||
by the `~psycopg2.__libpq_version__` constant).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQlibVersion()`__.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-misc.html#LIBPQ-PQLIBVERSION
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function:: make_dsn(dsn=None, \*\*kwargs)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Create a valid connection string from arguments.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Put together the arguments in *kwargs* into a connection string. If *dsn*
|
|
||||||
is specified too, merge the arguments coming from both the sources. If the
|
|
||||||
same argument name is specified in both the sources, the *kwargs* value
|
|
||||||
overrides the *dsn* value.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The input arguments are validated: the output should always be a valid
|
|
||||||
connection string (as far as `parse_dsn()` is concerned). If not raise
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.ProgrammingError`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Example::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> from psycopg2.extensions import make_dsn
|
|
||||||
>>> make_dsn('dbname=foo host=example.com', password="s3cr3t")
|
|
||||||
'host=example.com password=s3cr3t dbname=foo'
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function:: parse_dsn(dsn)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parse connection string into a dictionary of keywords and values.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parsing is delegated to the libpq: different versions of the client
|
|
||||||
library may support different formats or parameters (for example,
|
|
||||||
`connection URIs`__ are only supported from libpq 9.2). Raise
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.ProgrammingError` if the *dsn* is not valid.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNSTRING
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Example::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> from psycopg2.extensions import parse_dsn
|
|
||||||
>>> parse_dsn('dbname=test user=postgres password=secret')
|
|
||||||
{'password': 'secret', 'user': 'postgres', 'dbname': 'test'}
|
|
||||||
>>> parse_dsn("postgresql://someone@example.com/somedb?connect_timeout=10")
|
|
||||||
{'host': 'example.com', 'user': 'someone', 'dbname': 'somedb', 'connect_timeout': '10'}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQconninfoParse()`__.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-PQCONNINFOPARSE
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function:: quote_ident(str, scope)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return quoted identifier according to PostgreSQL quoting rules.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The *scope* must be a `connection` or a `cursor`, the underlying
|
|
||||||
connection encoding is used for any necessary character conversion.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: libpq docs for `PQescapeIdentifier()`__
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-PQESCAPEIDENTIFIER
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: encrypt_password(password, user, scope=None, algorithm=None)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Return the encrypted form of a PostgreSQL password.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:param password: the cleartext password to encrypt
|
|
||||||
:param user: the name of the user to use the password for
|
|
||||||
:param scope: the scope to encrypt the password into; if *algorithm* is
|
|
||||||
``md5`` it can be `!None`
|
|
||||||
:type scope: `connection` or `cursor`
|
|
||||||
:param algorithm: the password encryption algorithm to use
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The *algorithm* ``md5`` is always supported. Other algorithms are only
|
|
||||||
supported if the client libpq version is at least 10 and may require a
|
|
||||||
compatible server version: check the `PostgreSQL encryption
|
|
||||||
documentation`__ to know the algorithms supported by your server.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/encryption-options.html
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Using `!None` as *algorithm* will result in querying the server to know the
|
|
||||||
current server password encryption setting, which is a blocking operation:
|
|
||||||
query the server separately and specify a value for *algorithm* if you
|
|
||||||
want to maintain a non-blocking behaviour.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: PostgreSQL docs for the `password_encryption`__ setting, libpq `PQencryptPasswordConn()`__, `PQencryptPassword()`__ functions.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/runtime-config-connection.html#GUC-PASSWORD-ENCRYPTION
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-misc.html#LIBPQ-PQENCRYPTPASSWORDCONN
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-misc.html#LIBPQ-PQENCRYPTPASSWORD
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
pair: Isolation level; Constants
|
pair: Isolation level; Constants
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -725,16 +376,15 @@ Isolation level constants
|
||||||
-------------------------
|
-------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg2 `connection` objects hold informations about the PostgreSQL
|
Psycopg2 `connection` objects hold informations about the PostgreSQL
|
||||||
`transaction isolation level`_. By default Psycopg doesn't change the default
|
`transaction isolation level`_. The current transaction level can be read
|
||||||
configuration of the server (`ISOLATION_LEVEL_DEFAULT`); the default for
|
from the `~connection.isolation_level` attribute. The default isolation
|
||||||
PostgreSQL servers is typically :sql:`READ COMMITTED`, but this may be changed
|
level is :sql:`READ COMMITTED`. A different isolation level con be set
|
||||||
in the server configuration files. A different isolation level can be set
|
through the `~connection.set_isolation_level()` method. The level can be
|
||||||
through the `~connection.set_isolation_level()` or `~connection.set_session()`
|
set to one of the following constants:
|
||||||
methods. The level can be set to one of the following constants:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT
|
.. data:: ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
No transaction is started when commands are executed and no
|
No transaction is started when command are issued and no
|
||||||
`~connection.commit()` or `~connection.rollback()` is required.
|
`~connection.commit()` or `~connection.rollback()` is required.
|
||||||
Some PostgreSQL command such as :sql:`CREATE DATABASE` or :sql:`VACUUM`
|
Some PostgreSQL command such as :sql:`CREATE DATABASE` or :sql:`VACUUM`
|
||||||
can't run into a transaction: to run such command use::
|
can't run into a transaction: to run such command use::
|
||||||
|
@ -751,75 +401,27 @@ methods. The level can be set to one of the following constants:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: ISOLATION_LEVEL_READ_COMMITTED
|
.. data:: ISOLATION_LEVEL_READ_COMMITTED
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This is usually the default PostgreSQL value, but a different default may
|
This is the default value. A new transaction is started at the first
|
||||||
be set in the database configuration.
|
`~cursor.execute()` command on a cursor and at each new
|
||||||
|
`!execute()` after a `~connection.commit()` or a
|
||||||
A new transaction is started at the first `~cursor.execute()` command on a
|
|
||||||
cursor and at each new `!execute()` after a `~connection.commit()` or a
|
|
||||||
`~connection.rollback()`. The transaction runs in the PostgreSQL
|
`~connection.rollback()`. The transaction runs in the PostgreSQL
|
||||||
:sql:`READ COMMITTED` isolation level: a :sql:`SELECT` query sees only
|
:sql:`READ COMMITTED` isolation level.
|
||||||
data committed before the query began; it never sees either uncommitted
|
|
||||||
data or changes committed during query execution by concurrent
|
|
||||||
transactions.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: `Read Committed Isolation Level`__ in PostgreSQL
|
|
||||||
documentation.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/transaction-iso.html#XACT-READ-COMMITTED
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: ISOLATION_LEVEL_REPEATABLE_READ
|
.. data:: ISOLATION_LEVEL_REPEATABLE_READ
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
As in `!ISOLATION_LEVEL_READ_COMMITTED`, a new transaction is started at
|
The :sql:`REPEATABLE READ` isolation level is defined in the SQL standard
|
||||||
the first `~cursor.execute()` command. Transactions run at a
|
but not available in the |MVCC| model of PostgreSQL: it is replaced by the
|
||||||
:sql:`REPEATABLE READ` isolation level: all the queries in a transaction
|
stricter :sql:`SERIALIZABLE`.
|
||||||
see a snapshot as of the start of the transaction, not as of the start of
|
|
||||||
the current query within the transaction. However applications using this
|
|
||||||
level must be prepared to retry transactions due to serialization
|
|
||||||
failures.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
While this level provides a guarantee that each transaction sees a
|
|
||||||
completely stable view of the database, this view will not necessarily
|
|
||||||
always be consistent with some serial (one at a time) execution of
|
|
||||||
concurrent transactions of the same level.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.4.2
|
|
||||||
The value was an alias for `!ISOLATION_LEVEL_SERIALIZABLE` before. The
|
|
||||||
two levels are distinct since PostgreSQL 9.1
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: `Repeatable Read Isolation Level`__ in PostgreSQL
|
|
||||||
documentation.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/transaction-iso.html#XACT-REPEATABLE-READ
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: ISOLATION_LEVEL_SERIALIZABLE
|
.. data:: ISOLATION_LEVEL_SERIALIZABLE
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
As in `!ISOLATION_LEVEL_READ_COMMITTED`, a new transaction is started at
|
Transactions are run at a :sql:`SERIALIZABLE` isolation level. This is the
|
||||||
the first `~cursor.execute()` command. Transactions run at a
|
strictest transactions isolation level, equivalent to having the
|
||||||
:sql:`SERIALIZABLE` isolation level. This is the strictest transactions
|
transactions executed serially rather than concurrently. However
|
||||||
isolation level, equivalent to having the transactions executed serially
|
applications using this level must be prepared to retry reansactions due
|
||||||
rather than concurrently. However applications using this level must be
|
to serialization failures. See `serializable isolation level`_ in
|
||||||
prepared to retry transactions due to serialization failures.
|
PostgreSQL documentation.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Starting from PostgreSQL 9.1, this mode monitors for conditions which
|
|
||||||
could make execution of a concurrent set of serializable transactions
|
|
||||||
behave in a manner inconsistent with all possible serial (one at a time)
|
|
||||||
executions of those transaction. In previous version the behaviour was the
|
|
||||||
same of the :sql:`REPEATABLE READ` isolation level.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso:: `Serializable Isolation Level`__ in PostgreSQL documentation.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/transaction-iso.html#XACT-SERIALIZABLE
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: ISOLATION_LEVEL_DEFAULT
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A new transaction is started at the first `~cursor.execute()` command, but
|
|
||||||
the isolation level is not explicitly selected by Psycopg: the server will
|
|
||||||
use whatever level is defined in its configuration or by statements
|
|
||||||
executed within the session outside Pyscopg control. If you want to know
|
|
||||||
what the value is you can use a query such as :sql:`show
|
|
||||||
transaction_isolation`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
|
@ -831,7 +433,7 @@ Transaction status constants
|
||||||
----------------------------
|
----------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
These values represent the possible status of a transaction: the current value
|
These values represent the possible status of a transaction: the current value
|
||||||
can be read using the `connection.info.transaction_status` property.
|
can be read using the `connection.get_transaction_status()` method.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: TRANSACTION_STATUS_IDLE
|
.. data:: TRANSACTION_STATUS_IDLE
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -902,7 +504,7 @@ internal usage and Python code should not rely on them.
|
||||||
Poll constants
|
Poll constants
|
||||||
--------------
|
--------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.2
|
.. versionadded:: 2.2.0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
These values can be returned by `connection.poll()` during asynchronous
|
These values can be returned by `connection.poll()` during asynchronous
|
||||||
connection and communication. They match the values in the libpq enum
|
connection and communication. They match the values in the libpq enum
|
||||||
|
@ -951,7 +553,6 @@ Python objects. All the typecasters are automatically registered, except
|
||||||
from the database. See :ref:`unicode-handling` for details.
|
from the database. See :ref:`unicode-handling` for details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: BOOLEAN
|
.. data:: BOOLEAN
|
||||||
BYTES
|
|
||||||
DATE
|
DATE
|
||||||
DECIMAL
|
DECIMAL
|
||||||
FLOAT
|
FLOAT
|
||||||
|
@ -961,14 +562,13 @@ from the database. See :ref:`unicode-handling` for details.
|
||||||
TIME
|
TIME
|
||||||
UNICODE
|
UNICODE
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Typecasters for basic types. Note that a few other ones (`~psycopg2.BINARY`,
|
Typecasters for basic types. Notice that a few other ones (`~psycopg2.BINARY`,
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.DATETIME`, `~psycopg2.NUMBER`, `~psycopg2.ROWID`,
|
`~psycopg2.DATETIME`, `~psycopg2.NUMBER`, `~psycopg2.ROWID`,
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.STRING`) are exposed by the `psycopg2` module for |DBAPI|_
|
`~psycopg2.STRING`) are exposed by the `psycopg2` module for |DBAPI|_
|
||||||
compliance.
|
compliance.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: BINARYARRAY
|
.. data:: BINARYARRAY
|
||||||
BOOLEANARRAY
|
BOOLEANARRAY
|
||||||
BYTESARRAY
|
|
||||||
DATEARRAY
|
DATEARRAY
|
||||||
DATETIMEARRAY
|
DATETIMEARRAY
|
||||||
DECIMALARRAY
|
DECIMALARRAY
|
||||||
|
@ -985,26 +585,31 @@ from the database. See :ref:`unicode-handling` for details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: PYDATE
|
.. data:: PYDATE
|
||||||
PYDATETIME
|
PYDATETIME
|
||||||
PYDATETIMETZ
|
|
||||||
PYINTERVAL
|
PYINTERVAL
|
||||||
PYTIME
|
PYTIME
|
||||||
PYDATEARRAY
|
PYDATEARRAY
|
||||||
PYDATETIMEARRAY
|
PYDATETIMEARRAY
|
||||||
PYDATETIMETZARRAY
|
|
||||||
PYINTERVALARRAY
|
PYINTERVALARRAY
|
||||||
PYTIMEARRAY
|
PYTIMEARRAY
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Typecasters to convert time-related data types to Python `!datetime`
|
Typecasters to convert time-related data types to Python `!datetime`
|
||||||
objects.
|
objects.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.2
|
.. data:: MXDATE
|
||||||
|
MXDATETIME
|
||||||
|
MXINTERVAL
|
||||||
|
MXTIME
|
||||||
|
MXDATEARRAY
|
||||||
|
MXDATETIMEARRAY
|
||||||
|
MXINTERVALARRAY
|
||||||
|
MXTIMEARRAY
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Typecasters to convert time-related data types to `mx.DateTime`_ objects.
|
||||||
|
Only available if Psycopg was compiled with `!mx` support.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. versionchanged:: 2.2.0
|
||||||
previously the `DECIMAL` typecaster and the specific time-related
|
previously the `DECIMAL` typecaster and the specific time-related
|
||||||
typecasters (`!PY*` and `!MX*`) were not exposed by the `extensions`
|
typecasters (`!PY*` and `!MX*`) were not exposed by the `extensions`
|
||||||
module. In older versions they can be imported from the implementation
|
module. In older versions they can be imported from the implementation
|
||||||
module `!psycopg2._psycopg`.
|
module `!psycopg2._psycopg`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.7.2
|
|
||||||
the `!*DATETIMETZ*` objects.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
the `!BYTES` and `BYTESARRAY` objects.
|
|
||||||
|
|
247
doc/src/faq.rst
|
@ -7,36 +7,9 @@ Here are a few gotchas you may encounter using `psycopg2`. Feel free to
|
||||||
suggest new entries!
|
suggest new entries!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Meta
|
|
||||||
----
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-question:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
How do I ask a question?
|
|
||||||
- Have you first checked if your question is answered already in the
|
|
||||||
documentation?
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- If your question is about installing psycopg, have you checked the
|
|
||||||
:ref:`install FAQ <faq-compile>` and the :ref:`install docs
|
|
||||||
<installation>`?
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Have you googled for your error message?
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- If you haven't found an answer yet, please write to the `Mailing List`_.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- If you haven't found a bug, DO NOT write to the bug tracker to ask
|
|
||||||
questions. You will only get piro grumpy.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _mailing list: https://www.postgresql.org/list/psycopg/
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-transactions:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Problems with transactions handling
|
Problems with transactions handling
|
||||||
-----------------------------------
|
-----------------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-idle-in-transaction:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
.. cssclass:: faq
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Why does `!psycopg2` leave database sessions "idle in transaction"?
|
Why does `!psycopg2` leave database sessions "idle in transaction"?
|
||||||
|
@ -45,16 +18,12 @@ Why does `!psycopg2` leave database sessions "idle in transaction"?
|
||||||
:sql:`SELECT`. The transaction is not closed until an explicit
|
:sql:`SELECT`. The transaction is not closed until an explicit
|
||||||
`~connection.commit()` or `~connection.rollback()`.
|
`~connection.commit()` or `~connection.rollback()`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you are writing a long-living program, you should probably make sure to
|
If you are writing a long-living program, you should probably ensure to
|
||||||
call one of the transaction closing methods before leaving the connection
|
call one of the transaction closing methods before leaving the connection
|
||||||
unused for a long time (which may also be a few seconds, depending on the
|
unused for a long time (which may also be a few seconds, depending on the
|
||||||
concurrency level in your database). Alternatively you can use a
|
concurrency level in your database). Alternatively you can use a
|
||||||
connection in `~connection.autocommit` mode to avoid a new transaction to
|
connection in :ref:`autocommit <autocommit>` mode to avoid a new
|
||||||
be started at the first command.
|
transaction to be started at the first command.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-transaction-aborted:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
I receive the error *current transaction is aborted, commands ignored until end of transaction block* and can't do anything else!
|
I receive the error *current transaction is aborted, commands ignored until end of transaction block* and can't do anything else!
|
||||||
There was a problem *in the previous* command to the database, which
|
There was a problem *in the previous* command to the database, which
|
||||||
|
@ -64,25 +33,18 @@ I receive the error *current transaction is aborted, commands ignored until end
|
||||||
PostgreSQL supports nested transactions using the |SAVEPOINT|_ command).
|
PostgreSQL supports nested transactions using the |SAVEPOINT|_ command).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |SAVEPOINT| replace:: :sql:`SAVEPOINT`
|
.. |SAVEPOINT| replace:: :sql:`SAVEPOINT`
|
||||||
.. _SAVEPOINT: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-savepoint.html
|
.. _SAVEPOINT: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/sql-savepoint.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-transaction-aborted-multiprocess:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Why do I get the error *current transaction is aborted, commands ignored until end of transaction block* when I use `!multiprocessing` (or any other forking system) and not when use `!threading`?
|
Why do I get the error *current transaction is aborted, commands ignored until end of transaction block* when I use `!multiprocessing` (or any other forking system) and not when use `!threading`?
|
||||||
Psycopg's connections can't be shared across processes (but are thread
|
Psycopg's connections can't be shared across processes (but are thread
|
||||||
safe). If you are forking the Python process make sure to create a new
|
safe). If you are forking the Python process ensure to create a new
|
||||||
connection in each forked child. See :ref:`thread-safety` for further
|
connection in each forked child. See :ref:`thread-safety` for further
|
||||||
informations.
|
informations.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-types:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Problems with type conversions
|
Problems with type conversions
|
||||||
------------------------------
|
------------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-cant-adapt:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
.. cssclass:: faq
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Why does `!cursor.execute()` raise the exception *can't adapt*?
|
Why does `!cursor.execute()` raise the exception *can't adapt*?
|
||||||
|
@ -91,23 +53,15 @@ Why does `!cursor.execute()` raise the exception *can't adapt*?
|
||||||
as query parameter an object for which there is no adapter registered for
|
as query parameter an object for which there is no adapter registered for
|
||||||
its class. See :ref:`adapting-new-types` for informations.
|
its class. See :ref:`adapting-new-types` for informations.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-number-required:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
I can't pass an integer or a float parameter to my query: it says *a number is required*, but *it is* a number!
|
I can't pass an integer or a float parameter to my query: it says *a number is required*, but *it is* a number!
|
||||||
In your query string, you always have to use ``%s`` placeholders,
|
In your query string, you always have to use ``%s`` placeholders,
|
||||||
even when passing a number. All Python objects are converted by Psycopg
|
event when passing a number. All Python objects are converted by Psycopg
|
||||||
in their SQL representation, so they get passed to the query as strings.
|
in their SQL representation, so they get passed to the query as strings.
|
||||||
See :ref:`query-parameters`. ::
|
See :ref:`query-parameters`. ::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> cur.execute("INSERT INTO numbers VALUES (%d)", (42,)) # WRONG
|
>>> cur.execute("INSERT INTO numbers VALUES (%d)", (42,)) # WRONG
|
||||||
>>> cur.execute("INSERT INTO numbers VALUES (%s)", (42,)) # correct
|
>>> cur.execute("INSERT INTO numbers VALUES (%s)", (42,)) # correct
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-not-all-arguments-converted:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
I try to execute a query but it fails with the error *not all arguments converted during string formatting* (or *object does not support indexing*). Why?
|
I try to execute a query but it fails with the error *not all arguments converted during string formatting* (or *object does not support indexing*). Why?
|
||||||
Psycopg always require positional arguments to be passed as a sequence, even
|
Psycopg always require positional arguments to be passed as a sequence, even
|
||||||
when the query takes a single parameter. And remember that to make a
|
when the query takes a single parameter. And remember that to make a
|
||||||
|
@ -119,10 +73,6 @@ I try to execute a query but it fails with the error *not all arguments converte
|
||||||
>>> cur.execute("INSERT INTO foo VALUES (%s)", ("bar",)) # correct
|
>>> cur.execute("INSERT INTO foo VALUES (%s)", ("bar",)) # correct
|
||||||
>>> cur.execute("INSERT INTO foo VALUES (%s)", ["bar"]) # correct
|
>>> cur.execute("INSERT INTO foo VALUES (%s)", ["bar"]) # correct
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-unicode:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
My database is Unicode, but I receive all the strings as UTF-8 `!str`. Can I receive `!unicode` objects instead?
|
My database is Unicode, but I receive all the strings as UTF-8 `!str`. Can I receive `!unicode` objects instead?
|
||||||
The following magic formula will do the trick::
|
The following magic formula will do the trick::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -131,23 +81,6 @@ My database is Unicode, but I receive all the strings as UTF-8 `!str`. Can I rec
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
See :ref:`unicode-handling` for the gory details.
|
See :ref:`unicode-handling` for the gory details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-bytes:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
My database is in mixed encoding. My program was working on Python 2 but Python 3 fails decoding the strings. How do I avoid decoding?
|
|
||||||
From psycopg 2.8 you can use the following adapters to always return bytes
|
|
||||||
from strings::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
psycopg2.extensions.register_type(psycopg2.extensions.BYTES)
|
|
||||||
psycopg2.extensions.register_type(psycopg2.extensions.BYTESARRAY)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
See :ref:`unicode-handling` for an example.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-float:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg converts :sql:`decimal`\/\ :sql:`numeric` database types into Python `!Decimal` objects. Can I have `!float` instead?
|
Psycopg converts :sql:`decimal`\/\ :sql:`numeric` database types into Python `!Decimal` objects. Can I have `!float` instead?
|
||||||
You can register a customized adapter for PostgreSQL decimal type::
|
You can register a customized adapter for PostgreSQL decimal type::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -158,57 +91,9 @@ Psycopg converts :sql:`decimal`\/\ :sql:`numeric` database types into Python `!D
|
||||||
psycopg2.extensions.register_type(DEC2FLOAT)
|
psycopg2.extensions.register_type(DEC2FLOAT)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
See :ref:`type-casting-from-sql-to-python` to read the relevant
|
See :ref:`type-casting-from-sql-to-python` to read the relevant
|
||||||
documentation. If you find `!psycopg2.extensions.DECIMAL` not available, use
|
documentation. If you find `!psycopg2.extensions.DECIMAL` not avalable, use
|
||||||
`!psycopg2._psycopg.DECIMAL` instead.
|
`!psycopg2._psycopg.DECIMAL` instead.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-json-adapt:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg automatically converts PostgreSQL :sql:`json` data into Python objects. How can I receive strings instead?
|
|
||||||
The easiest way to avoid JSON parsing is to register a no-op function with
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extras.register_default_json()`::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
psycopg2.extras.register_default_json(loads=lambda x: x)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
See :ref:`adapt-json` for further details.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-jsonb-adapt:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg converts :sql:`json` values into Python objects but :sql:`jsonb` values are returned as strings. Can :sql:`jsonb` be converted automatically?
|
|
||||||
Automatic conversion of :sql:`jsonb` values is supported from Psycopg
|
|
||||||
release 2.5.4. For previous versions you can register the :sql:`json`
|
|
||||||
typecaster on the :sql:`jsonb` oids (which are known and not supposed to
|
|
||||||
change in future PostgreSQL versions)::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
psycopg2.extras.register_json(oid=3802, array_oid=3807, globally=True)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
See :ref:`adapt-json` for further details.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-identifier:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
How can I pass field/table names to a query?
|
|
||||||
The arguments in the `~cursor.execute()` methods can only represent data
|
|
||||||
to pass to the query: they cannot represent a table or field name::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# This doesn't work
|
|
||||||
cur.execute("insert into %s values (%s)", ["my_table", 42])
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you want to build a query dynamically you can use the objects exposed
|
|
||||||
by the `psycopg2.sql` module::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
cur.execute(
|
|
||||||
sql.SQL("insert into %s values (%%s)") % [sql.Identifier("my_table")],
|
|
||||||
[42])
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-bytea-9.0:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Transferring binary data from PostgreSQL 9.0 doesn't work.
|
Transferring binary data from PostgreSQL 9.0 doesn't work.
|
||||||
PostgreSQL 9.0 uses by default `the "hex" format`__ to transfer
|
PostgreSQL 9.0 uses by default `the "hex" format`__ to transfer
|
||||||
:sql:`bytea` data: the format can't be parsed by the libpq 8.4 and
|
:sql:`bytea` data: the format can't be parsed by the libpq 8.4 and
|
||||||
|
@ -221,27 +106,13 @@ Transferring binary data from PostgreSQL 9.0 doesn't work.
|
||||||
session before reading binary data;
|
session before reading binary data;
|
||||||
- upgrade the libpq library on the client to at least 9.0.
|
- upgrade the libpq library on the client to at least 9.0.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/datatype-binary.html
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/datatype-binary.html
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/runtime-config-client.html#GUC-BYTEA-OUTPUT
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/runtime-config-client.html#GUC-BYTEA-OUTPUT
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-array:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Arrays of *TYPE* are not casted to list.
|
|
||||||
Arrays are only casted to list when their oid is known, and an array
|
|
||||||
typecaster is registered for them. If there is no typecaster, the array is
|
|
||||||
returned unparsed from PostgreSQL (e.g. ``{a,b,c}``). It is easy to create
|
|
||||||
a generic arrays typecaster, returning a list of array: an example is
|
|
||||||
provided in the `~psycopg2.extensions.new_array_type()` documentation.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-best-practices:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Best practices
|
Best practices
|
||||||
--------------
|
--------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-reuse-cursors:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
.. cssclass:: faq
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
When should I save and re-use a cursor as opposed to creating a new one as needed?
|
When should I save and re-use a cursor as opposed to creating a new one as needed?
|
||||||
|
@ -253,10 +124,6 @@ When should I save and re-use a cursor as opposed to creating a new one as neede
|
||||||
them.) The only exception are tight loops where one usually use the same
|
them.) The only exception are tight loops where one usually use the same
|
||||||
cursor for a whole bunch of :sql:`INSERT`\s or :sql:`UPDATE`\s.
|
cursor for a whole bunch of :sql:`INSERT`\s or :sql:`UPDATE`\s.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-reuse-connections:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
When should I save and re-use a connection as opposed to creating a new one as needed?
|
When should I save and re-use a connection as opposed to creating a new one as needed?
|
||||||
Creating a connection can be slow (think of SSL over TCP) so the best
|
Creating a connection can be slow (think of SSL over TCP) so the best
|
||||||
practice is to create a single connection and keep it open as long as
|
practice is to create a single connection and keep it open as long as
|
||||||
|
@ -265,111 +132,28 @@ When should I save and re-use a connection as opposed to creating a new one as n
|
||||||
left "idle in transaction". See also `psycopg2.pool` for lightweight
|
left "idle in transaction". See also `psycopg2.pool` for lightweight
|
||||||
connection pooling.
|
connection pooling.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-named-cursors:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
What are the advantages or disadvantages of using named cursors?
|
What are the advantages or disadvantages of using named cursors?
|
||||||
The only disadvantages is that they use up resources on the server and
|
The only disadvantages is that they use up resources on the server and
|
||||||
that there is a little overhead because at least two queries (one to
|
that there is a little overhead because a at least two queries (one to
|
||||||
create the cursor and one to fetch the initial result set) are issued to
|
create the cursor and one to fetch the initial result set) are issued to
|
||||||
the backend. The advantage is that data is fetched one chunk at a time:
|
the backend. The advantage is that data is fetched one chunk at a time:
|
||||||
using small `~cursor.fetchmany()` values it is possible to use very
|
using small `~cursor.fetchmany()` values it is possible to use very
|
||||||
little memory on the client and to skip or discard parts of the result set.
|
little memory on the client and to skip or discard parts of the result set.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-interrupt-query:
|
Problems compiling and deploying psycopg2
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
-----------------------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
How do I interrupt a long-running query in an interactive shell?
|
|
||||||
Normally the interactive shell becomes unresponsive to :kbd:`Ctrl-C` when
|
|
||||||
running a query. Using a connection in green mode allows Python to
|
|
||||||
receive and handle the interrupt, although it may leave the connection
|
|
||||||
broken, if the async callback doesn't handle the `!KeyboardInterrupt`
|
|
||||||
correctly.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Starting from psycopg 2.6.2, the `~psycopg2.extras.wait_select` callback
|
|
||||||
can handle a :kbd:`Ctrl-C` correctly. For previous versions, you can use
|
|
||||||
`this implementation`__.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://www.psycopg.org/articles/2014/07/20/cancelling-postgresql-statements-python/
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: pycon
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> psycopg2.extensions.set_wait_callback(psycopg2.extras.wait_select)
|
|
||||||
>>> cnn = psycopg2.connect('')
|
|
||||||
>>> cur = cnn.cursor()
|
|
||||||
>>> cur.execute("select pg_sleep(10)")
|
|
||||||
^C
|
|
||||||
Traceback (most recent call last):
|
|
||||||
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
|
|
||||||
QueryCanceledError: canceling statement due to user request
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> cnn.rollback()
|
|
||||||
>>> # You can use the connection and cursor again from here
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-compile:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Problems compiling and installing psycopg2
|
|
||||||
------------------------------------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-wheels:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg 2.8 fails to install, Psycopg 2.7 was working fine.
|
|
||||||
With Psycopg 2.7 you were installing binary packages, but they have proven
|
|
||||||
unreliable so now you have to install them explicitly using the
|
|
||||||
``psycopg2-binary`` package. See :ref:`binary-packages` for all the
|
|
||||||
details.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-python-h:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
.. cssclass:: faq
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
I can't compile `!psycopg2`: the compiler says *error: Python.h: No such file or directory*. What am I missing?
|
I can't compile `!psycopg2`: the compiler says *error: Python.h: No such file or directory*. What am I missing?
|
||||||
You need to install a Python development package: it is usually called
|
You need to install a Python development package: it is usually called
|
||||||
``python-dev`` or ``python3-dev`` according to your Python version.
|
``python-dev``.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-libpq-fe-h:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
I can't compile `!psycopg2`: the compiler says *error: libpq-fe.h: No such file or directory*. What am I missing?
|
I can't compile `!psycopg2`: the compiler says *error: libpq-fe.h: No such file or directory*. What am I missing?
|
||||||
You need to install the development version of the libpq: the package is
|
You need to install the development version of the libpq: the package is
|
||||||
usually called ``libpq-dev``.
|
usually called ``libpq-dev``.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-lo_truncate:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
`!psycopg2` raises `!ImportError` with message *_psycopg.so: undefined symbol: lo_truncate* when imported.
|
|
||||||
This means that Psycopg was compiled with |lo_truncate|_ support (*i.e.*
|
|
||||||
the libpq used at compile time was version >= 8.3) but at runtime an older
|
|
||||||
libpq dynamic library is found.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Fast-forward several years, if the message reports *undefined symbol:
|
|
||||||
lo_truncate64* it means that Psycopg was built with large objects 64 bits
|
|
||||||
API support (*i.e.* the libpq used at compile time was at least 9.3) but
|
|
||||||
at runtime an older libpq dynamic library is found.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You can use:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: shell
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ ldd /path/to/packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.so | grep libpq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
to find what is the libpq dynamic library used at runtime.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You can avoid the problem by using the same version of the
|
|
||||||
:program:`pg_config` at install time and the libpq at runtime.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |lo_truncate| replace:: `!lo_truncate()`
|
|
||||||
.. _lo_truncate: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/lo-interfaces.html#LO-TRUNCATE
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _faq-import-mod_wsgi:
|
|
||||||
.. cssclass:: faq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg raises *ImportError: cannot import name tz* on import in mod_wsgi / ASP, but it works fine otherwise.
|
Psycopg raises *ImportError: cannot import name tz* on import in mod_wsgi / ASP, but it works fine otherwise.
|
||||||
If `!psycopg2` is installed in an egg_ (e.g. because installed by
|
If `!psycopg2` is installed in an egg_ (e.g. because installed by
|
||||||
:program:`easy_install`), the user running the program may be unable to
|
:program:`easy_install`), the user running the program may be unable to
|
||||||
|
@ -378,5 +162,6 @@ Psycopg raises *ImportError: cannot import name tz* on import in mod_wsgi / ASP,
|
||||||
use the WSGIPythonEggs__ directive.
|
use the WSGIPythonEggs__ directive.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _egg: http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/PythonEggs
|
.. _egg: http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/PythonEggs
|
||||||
.. __: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2192323/what-is-the-python-egg-cache-python-egg-cache
|
.. __: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2192323/what-is-the-python-egg-cache-python-egg-cache
|
||||||
.. __: https://modwsgi.readthedocs.io/en/develop/configuration-directives/WSGIPythonEggs.html
|
.. __: http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/ConfigurationDirectives#WSGIPythonEggs
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -4,29 +4,26 @@ Psycopg -- PostgreSQL database adapter for Python
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. sectionauthor:: Daniele Varrazzo <daniele.varrazzo@gmail.com>
|
.. sectionauthor:: Daniele Varrazzo <daniele.varrazzo@gmail.com>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg_ is the most popular PostgreSQL_ database adapter for the Python_
|
Psycopg is a PostgreSQL_ database adapter for the Python_ programming
|
||||||
programming language. Its main features are the complete implementation of
|
language. Its main advantages are that it supports the full Python |DBAPI|_
|
||||||
the Python |DBAPI|_ specification and the thread safety (several threads can
|
and it is thread safe (threads can share the connections). It was designed for
|
||||||
share the same connection). It was designed for heavily multi-threaded
|
heavily multi-threaded applications that create and destroy lots of cursors and
|
||||||
applications that create and destroy lots of cursors and make a large number
|
make a conspicuous number of concurrent :sql:`INSERT`\ s or :sql:`UPDATE`\ s.
|
||||||
of concurrent :sql:`INSERT`\s or :sql:`UPDATE`\s.
|
The psycopg distribution includes ZPsycopgDA, a Zope_ Database Adapter.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg 2 is mostly implemented in C as a libpq_ wrapper, resulting in being
|
Psycopg 2 is an almost complete rewrite of the Psycopg 1.1.x branch. Psycopg 2
|
||||||
both efficient and secure. It features client-side and :ref:`server-side
|
features complete libpq_ v3 protocol, |COPY-TO-FROM|__ and full :ref:`object
|
||||||
<server-side-cursors>` cursors, :ref:`asynchronous communication
|
adaptation <python-types-adaptation>` for all basic Python types: strings (including unicode), ints,
|
||||||
<async-support>` and :ref:`notifications <async-notify>`, :ref:`COPY <copy>`
|
longs, floats, buffers (binary objects), booleans, `mx.DateTime`_ and builtin
|
||||||
support. Many Python types are supported out-of-the-box and :ref:`adapted to
|
datetime types. It also supports unicode queries and Python lists mapped to
|
||||||
matching PostgreSQL data types <python-types-adaptation>`; adaptation can be
|
PostgreSQL arrays.
|
||||||
extended and customized thanks to a flexible :ref:`objects adaptation system
|
|
||||||
<adapting-new-types>`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg 2 is both Unicode and Python 3 friendly.
|
.. _PostgreSQL: http://www.postgresql.org/
|
||||||
|
.. _Python: http://www.python.org/
|
||||||
|
.. _Zope: http://www.zope.org/
|
||||||
.. _Psycopg: https://psycopg.org/
|
.. _libpq: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/libpq.html
|
||||||
.. _PostgreSQL: https://www.postgresql.org/
|
.. |COPY-TO-FROM| replace:: :sql:`COPY TO/COPY FROM`
|
||||||
.. _Python: https://www.python.org/
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/sql-copy.html
|
||||||
.. _libpq: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq.html
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. rubric:: Contents
|
.. rubric:: Contents
|
||||||
|
@ -34,22 +31,17 @@ Psycopg 2 is both Unicode and Python 3 friendly.
|
||||||
.. toctree::
|
.. toctree::
|
||||||
:maxdepth: 2
|
:maxdepth: 2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
install
|
|
||||||
usage
|
usage
|
||||||
module
|
module
|
||||||
connection
|
connection
|
||||||
cursor
|
cursor
|
||||||
advanced
|
advanced
|
||||||
extensions
|
extensions
|
||||||
extras
|
|
||||||
errors
|
|
||||||
sql
|
|
||||||
tz
|
tz
|
||||||
pool
|
pool
|
||||||
|
extras
|
||||||
errorcodes
|
errorcodes
|
||||||
faq
|
faq
|
||||||
news
|
|
||||||
license
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. ifconfig:: builder != 'text'
|
.. ifconfig:: builder != 'text'
|
||||||
|
@ -57,7 +49,6 @@ Psycopg 2 is both Unicode and Python 3 friendly.
|
||||||
.. rubric:: Indices and tables
|
.. rubric:: Indices and tables
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* :ref:`genindex`
|
* :ref:`genindex`
|
||||||
* :ref:`modindex`
|
|
||||||
* :ref:`search`
|
* :ref:`search`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -68,3 +59,4 @@ Psycopg 2 is both Unicode and Python 3 friendly.
|
||||||
**To Do items in the documentation**
|
**To Do items in the documentation**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. todolist::
|
.. todolist::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -1,364 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
.. _installation:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Installation
|
|
||||||
============
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. sectionauthor:: Daniele Varrazzo <daniele.varrazzo@gmail.com>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg is a PostgreSQL_ adapter for the Python_ programming language. It is a
|
|
||||||
wrapper for the libpq_, the official PostgreSQL client library.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _PostgreSQL: https://www.postgresql.org/
|
|
||||||
.. _Python: https://www.python.org/
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
single: Install; from PyPI
|
|
||||||
single: Install; wheel
|
|
||||||
single: Wheel
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _binary-packages:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Quick Install
|
|
||||||
-------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For most operating systems, the quickest way to install Psycopg is using the
|
|
||||||
wheel_ package available on PyPI_:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: console
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ pip install psycopg2-binary
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This will install a pre-compiled binary version of the module which does not
|
|
||||||
require the build or runtime prerequisites described below. Make sure to use
|
|
||||||
an up-to-date version of :program:`pip` (you can upgrade it using something
|
|
||||||
like ``pip install -U pip``).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You may then import the ``psycopg2`` package, as usual:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: python
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
import psycopg2
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Connect to your postgres DB
|
|
||||||
conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname=test user=postgres")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Open a cursor to perform database operations
|
|
||||||
cur = conn.cursor()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Execute a query
|
|
||||||
cur.execute("SELECT * FROM my_data")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Retrieve query results
|
|
||||||
records = cur.fetchall()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _PyPI: https://pypi.org/project/psycopg2-binary/
|
|
||||||
.. _wheel: https://pythonwheels.com/
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
psycopg vs psycopg-binary
|
|
||||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The ``psycopg2-binary`` package is meant for beginners to start playing
|
|
||||||
with Python and PostgreSQL without the need to meet the build
|
|
||||||
requirements.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you are the maintainer of a published package depending on `!psycopg2`
|
|
||||||
you shouldn't use ``psycopg2-binary`` as a module dependency. **For
|
|
||||||
production use you are advised to use the source distribution.**
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The binary packages come with their own versions of a few C libraries,
|
|
||||||
among which ``libpq`` and ``libssl``, which will be used regardless of other
|
|
||||||
libraries available on the client: upgrading the system libraries will not
|
|
||||||
upgrade the libraries used by `!psycopg2`. Please build `!psycopg2` from
|
|
||||||
source if you want to maintain binary upgradeability.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. warning::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The `!psycopg2` wheel package comes packaged, among the others, with its
|
|
||||||
own ``libssl`` binary. This may create conflicts with other extension
|
|
||||||
modules binding with ``libssl`` as well, for instance with the Python
|
|
||||||
`ssl` module: in some cases, under concurrency, the interaction between
|
|
||||||
the two libraries may result in a segfault. In case of doubts you are
|
|
||||||
advised to use a package built from source.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
single: Install; disable wheel
|
|
||||||
single: Wheel; disable
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _disable-wheel:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Change in binary packages between Psycopg 2.7 and 2.8
|
|
||||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In version 2.7.x, :command:`pip install psycopg2` would have tried to install
|
|
||||||
automatically the binary package of Psycopg. Because of concurrency problems
|
|
||||||
binary packages have displayed, ``psycopg2-binary`` has become a separate
|
|
||||||
package, and from 2.8 it has become the only way to install the binary
|
|
||||||
package.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you are using Psycopg 2.7 and you want to disable the use of wheel binary
|
|
||||||
packages, relying on the system libraries available on your client, you
|
|
||||||
can use the :command:`pip` |--no-binary option|__, e.g.:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: console
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ pip install --no-binary :all: psycopg2
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. |--no-binary option| replace:: ``--no-binary`` option
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/#install-no-binary
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
which can be specified in your :file:`requirements.txt` files too, e.g. use:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: none
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
psycopg2>=2.7,<2.8 --no-binary psycopg2
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
to use the last bugfix release of the `!psycopg2` 2.7 package, specifying to
|
|
||||||
always compile it from source. Of course in this case you will have to meet
|
|
||||||
the :ref:`build prerequisites <build-prerequisites>`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
single: Prerequisites
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Prerequisites
|
|
||||||
-------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The current `!psycopg2` implementation supports:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
..
|
|
||||||
NOTE: keep consistent with setup.py and the /features/ page.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Python versions from 3.8 to 3.13
|
|
||||||
- PostgreSQL server versions from 7.4 to 17
|
|
||||||
- PostgreSQL client library version from 9.1
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Not all the psycopg2 versions support all the supported Python versions.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Please see the :ref:`release notes <news>` to verify when the support for
|
|
||||||
a new Python version was added and when the support for an old Python
|
|
||||||
version was removed.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _build-prerequisites:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Build prerequisites
|
|
||||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The build prerequisites are to be met in order to install Psycopg from source
|
|
||||||
code, from a source distribution package, GitHub_ or from PyPI.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _GitHub: https://github.com/psycopg/psycopg2
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg is a C wrapper around the libpq_ PostgreSQL client library. To install
|
|
||||||
it from sources you will need:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- A C compiler.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- The Python header files. They are usually installed in a package such as
|
|
||||||
**python-dev** or **python3-dev**. A message such as *error: Python.h: No
|
|
||||||
such file or directory* is an indication that the Python headers are
|
|
||||||
missing.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- The libpq header files. They are usually installed in a package such as
|
|
||||||
**libpq-dev**. If you get an *error: libpq-fe.h: No such file or directory*
|
|
||||||
you are missing them.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- The :program:`pg_config` program: it is usually installed by the
|
|
||||||
**libpq-dev** package but sometimes it is not in a :envvar:`PATH` directory.
|
|
||||||
Having it in the :envvar:`PATH` greatly streamlines the installation, so try
|
|
||||||
running ``pg_config --version``: if it returns an error or an unexpected
|
|
||||||
version number then locate the directory containing the :program:`pg_config`
|
|
||||||
shipped with the right libpq version (usually
|
|
||||||
``/usr/lib/postgresql/X.Y/bin/``) and add it to the :envvar:`PATH`:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: console
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ export PATH=/usr/lib/postgresql/X.Y/bin/:$PATH
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You only need :program:`pg_config` to compile `!psycopg2`, not for its
|
|
||||||
regular usage.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Once everything is in place it's just a matter of running the standard:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: console
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ pip install psycopg2
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
or, from the directory containing the source code:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: console
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ python setup.py build
|
|
||||||
$ python setup.py install
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Runtime requirements
|
|
||||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Unless you compile `!psycopg2` as a static library, or you install it from a
|
|
||||||
self-contained wheel package, it will need the libpq_ library at runtime
|
|
||||||
(usually distributed in a ``libpq.so`` or ``libpq.dll`` file). `!psycopg2`
|
|
||||||
relies on the host OS to find the library if the library is installed in a
|
|
||||||
standard location there is usually no problem; if the library is in a
|
|
||||||
non-standard location you will have to tell Psycopg how to find it,
|
|
||||||
which is OS-dependent (for instance setting a suitable
|
|
||||||
:envvar:`LD_LIBRARY_PATH` on Linux).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The libpq header files used to compile `!psycopg2` should match the
|
|
||||||
version of the library linked at runtime. If you get errors about missing
|
|
||||||
or mismatching libraries when importing `!psycopg2` check (e.g. using
|
|
||||||
:program:`ldd`) if the module ``psycopg2/_psycopg.so`` is linked to the
|
|
||||||
right ``libpq.so``.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Whatever version of libpq `!psycopg2` is compiled with, it will be
|
|
||||||
possible to connect to PostgreSQL servers of any supported version: just
|
|
||||||
install the most recent libpq version or the most practical, without
|
|
||||||
trying to match it to the version of the PostgreSQL server you will have
|
|
||||||
to connect to.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
single: setup.py
|
|
||||||
single: setup.cfg
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Non-standard builds
|
|
||||||
-------------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you have less standard requirements such as:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- creating a :ref:`debug build <debug-build>`,
|
|
||||||
- using :program:`pg_config` not in the :envvar:`PATH`,
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
then take a look at the ``setup.cfg`` file.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Some of the options available in ``setup.cfg`` are also available as command
|
|
||||||
line arguments of the ``build_ext`` sub-command. For instance you can specify
|
|
||||||
an alternate :program:`pg_config` location using:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: console
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ python setup.py build_ext --pg-config /path/to/pg_config build
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Use ``python setup.py build_ext --help`` to get a list of the options
|
|
||||||
supported.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
single: debug
|
|
||||||
single: PSYCOPG_DEBUG
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _debug-build:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Creating a debug build
|
|
||||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In case of problems, Psycopg can be configured to emit detailed debug
|
|
||||||
messages, which can be very useful for diagnostics and to report a bug. In
|
|
||||||
order to create a debug package:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- `Download`__ and unpack the Psycopg *source package* (the ``.tar.gz``
|
|
||||||
package).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Edit the ``setup.cfg`` file adding the ``PSYCOPG_DEBUG`` flag to the
|
|
||||||
``define`` option.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- :ref:`Compile and install <build-prerequisites>` the package.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Set the :envvar:`PSYCOPG_DEBUG` environment variable:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: console
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ export PSYCOPG_DEBUG=1
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Run your program (making sure that the `!psycopg2` package imported is the
|
|
||||||
one you just compiled and not e.g. the system one): you will have a copious
|
|
||||||
stream of informations printed on stderr.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://pypi.org/project/psycopg2/#files
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Non-standard Python Implementation
|
|
||||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The `psycopg2` package is the current mature implementation of the adapter: it
|
|
||||||
is a C extension and as such it is only compatible with CPython_. If you want
|
|
||||||
to use Psycopg on a different Python implementation (PyPy, Jython, IronPython)
|
|
||||||
there is a couple of alternative:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- a `Ctypes port`__, but it is not as mature as the C implementation yet
|
|
||||||
and it is not as feature-complete;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- a `CFFI port`__ which is currently more used and reported more efficient on
|
|
||||||
PyPy, but please be careful of its version numbers because they are not
|
|
||||||
aligned to the official psycopg2 ones and some features may differ.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _PostgreSQL: https://www.postgresql.org/
|
|
||||||
.. _Python: https://www.python.org/
|
|
||||||
.. _libpq: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq.html
|
|
||||||
.. _CPython: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPython
|
|
||||||
.. _Ctypes: https://docs.python.org/library/ctypes.html
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://github.com/mvantellingen/psycopg2-ctypes
|
|
||||||
.. __: https://github.com/chtd/psycopg2cffi
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
single: tests
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _test-suite:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Running the test suite
|
|
||||||
----------------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Once `!psycopg2` is installed you can run the test suite to verify it is
|
|
||||||
working correctly. From the source directory, you can run:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. code-block:: console
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ python -c "import tests; tests.unittest.main(defaultTest='tests.test_suite')" --verbose
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The tests run against a database called ``psycopg2_test`` on UNIX socket and
|
|
||||||
the standard port. You can configure a different database to run the test by
|
|
||||||
setting the environment variables:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- :envvar:`PSYCOPG2_TESTDB`
|
|
||||||
- :envvar:`PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_HOST`
|
|
||||||
- :envvar:`PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_PORT`
|
|
||||||
- :envvar:`PSYCOPG2_TESTDB_USER`
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The database should already exist before running the tests.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _other-problems:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you still have problems
|
|
||||||
--------------------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Try the following. *In order:*
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Read again the :ref:`build-prerequisites`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Read the :ref:`FAQ <faq-compile>`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Google for `!psycopg2` *your error message*. Especially useful the week
|
|
||||||
after the release of a new OS X version.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Write to the `Mailing List`_.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- If you think that you have discovered a bug, test failure or missing feature
|
|
||||||
please raise a ticket in the `bug tracker`_.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Complain on your blog or on Twitter that `!psycopg2` is the worst package
|
|
||||||
ever and about the quality time you have wasted figuring out the correct
|
|
||||||
:envvar:`ARCHFLAGS`. Especially useful from the Starbucks near you.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _mailing list: https://www.postgresql.org/list/psycopg/
|
|
||||||
.. _bug tracker: https://github.com/psycopg/psycopg2/issues
|
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
single: License
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
License
|
|
||||||
=======
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. include:: ../../LICENSE
|
|
|
@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ The `psycopg2` module content
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The module interface respects the standard defined in the |DBAPI|_.
|
The module interface respects the standard defined in the |DBAPI|_.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
single: Connection string
|
single: Connection string
|
||||||
double: Connection; Parameters
|
double: Connection; Parameters
|
||||||
single: Username; Connection
|
single: Username; Connection
|
||||||
|
@ -16,85 +16,43 @@ The module interface respects the standard defined in the |DBAPI|_.
|
||||||
single: Port; Connection
|
single: Port; Connection
|
||||||
single: DSN (Database Source Name)
|
single: DSN (Database Source Name)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function::
|
.. function:: connect(dsn or params [, connection_factory] [, async=0])
|
||||||
connect(dsn=None, connection_factory=None, cursor_factory=None, async=False, \*\*kwargs)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Create a new database session and return a new `connection` object.
|
Create a new database session and return a new `connection` object.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The connection parameters can be specified as a `libpq connection
|
You can specify the connection parameters either as a string::
|
||||||
string`__ using the *dsn* parameter::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname=test user=postgres password=secret")
|
conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname=test user=postgres password=secret")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
or using a set of keyword arguments::
|
or using a set of keyword arguments::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
conn = psycopg2.connect(dbname="test", user="postgres", password="secret")
|
conn = psycopg2.connect(database="test", user="postgres", password="secret")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
or using a mix of both: if the same parameter name is specified in both
|
The full list of available parameters is:
|
||||||
sources, the *kwargs* value will have precedence over the *dsn* value.
|
|
||||||
Note that either the *dsn* or at least one connection-related keyword
|
- `!dbname` -- the database name (only in dsn string)
|
||||||
argument is required.
|
- `!database` -- the database name (only as keyword argument)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The basic connection parameters are:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- `!dbname` -- the database name (`!database` is a deprecated alias)
|
|
||||||
- `!user` -- user name used to authenticate
|
- `!user` -- user name used to authenticate
|
||||||
- `!password` -- password used to authenticate
|
- `!password` -- password used to authenticate
|
||||||
- `!host` -- database host address (defaults to UNIX socket if not provided)
|
- `!host` -- database host address (defaults to UNIX socket if not provided)
|
||||||
- `!port` -- connection port number (defaults to 5432 if not provided)
|
- `!port` -- connection port number (defaults to 5432 if not provided)
|
||||||
|
- `!sslmode` -- `SSL TCP/IP negotiation`__ mode
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Any other connection parameter supported by the client library/server can
|
.. __: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/libpq-ssl.html#LIBPQ-SSL-SSLMODE-STATEMENTS
|
||||||
be passed either in the connection string or as a keyword. The PostgreSQL
|
|
||||||
documentation contains the complete list of the `supported parameters`__.
|
|
||||||
Also note that the same parameters can be passed to the client library
|
|
||||||
using `environment variables`__.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __:
|
|
||||||
.. _connstring: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNSTRING
|
|
||||||
.. __:
|
|
||||||
.. _connparams: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-PARAMKEYWORDS
|
|
||||||
.. __:
|
|
||||||
.. _connenvvars: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-envars.html
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Using the *connection_factory* parameter a different class or
|
Using the *connection_factory* parameter a different class or
|
||||||
connections factory can be specified. It should be a callable object
|
connections factory can be specified. It should be a callable object
|
||||||
taking a *dsn* string argument. See :ref:`subclassing-connection` for
|
taking a *dsn* argument. See :ref:`subclassing-connection` for
|
||||||
details. If a *cursor_factory* is specified, the connection's
|
details.
|
||||||
`~connection.cursor_factory` is set to it. If you only need customized
|
|
||||||
cursors you can use this parameter instead of subclassing a connection.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Using *async*\=\ `!True` an asynchronous connection will be created: see
|
Using *async*\=1 an asynchronous connection will be created: see
|
||||||
:ref:`async-support` to know about advantages and limitations. *async_* is
|
:ref:`async-support` to know about advantages and limitations.
|
||||||
a valid alias for the Python version where ``async`` is a keyword.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.4.3
|
|
||||||
any keyword argument is passed to the connection. Previously only the
|
|
||||||
basic parameters (plus `!sslmode`) were supported as keywords.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.5
|
|
||||||
added the *cursor_factory* parameter.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
both *dsn* and keyword arguments can be specified.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
added *async_* alias.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. seealso::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- `~psycopg2.extensions.parse_dsn`
|
|
||||||
- libpq `connection string syntax`__
|
|
||||||
- libpq supported `connection parameters`__
|
|
||||||
- libpq supported `environment variables`__
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. __: connstring_
|
|
||||||
.. __: connparams_
|
|
||||||
.. __: connenvvars_
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. extension::
|
.. extension::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The non-connection-related keyword parameters are Psycopg extensions
|
The parameters *connection_factory* and *async* are Psycopg extensions
|
||||||
to the |DBAPI|_.
|
to the |DBAPI|.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: apilevel
|
.. data:: apilevel
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -113,17 +71,9 @@ The module interface respects the standard defined in the |DBAPI|_.
|
||||||
by the interface. For `psycopg2` is ``pyformat``. See also
|
by the interface. For `psycopg2` is ``pyformat``. See also
|
||||||
:ref:`query-parameters`.
|
:ref:`query-parameters`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: __libpq_version__
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Integer constant reporting the version of the ``libpq`` library this
|
|
||||||
``psycopg2`` module was compiled with (in the same format of
|
|
||||||
`~psycopg2.extensions.ConnectionInfo.server_version`). If this value is
|
|
||||||
greater or equal than ``90100`` then you may query the version of the
|
|
||||||
actually loaded library using the `~psycopg2.extensions.libpq_version()`
|
|
||||||
function.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. index::
|
.. index::
|
||||||
single: Exceptions; DB API
|
single: Exceptions; DB API
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _dbapi-exceptions:
|
.. _dbapi-exceptions:
|
||||||
|
@ -134,18 +84,17 @@ Exceptions
|
||||||
In compliance with the |DBAPI|_, the module makes informations about errors
|
In compliance with the |DBAPI|_, the module makes informations about errors
|
||||||
available through the following exceptions:
|
available through the following exceptions:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. exception:: Warning
|
.. exception:: Warning
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised for important warnings like data truncations while
|
Exception raised for important warnings like data truncations while
|
||||||
inserting, etc. It is a subclass of the Python `StandardError`
|
inserting, etc. It is a subclass of the Python `~exceptions.StandardError`.
|
||||||
(`Exception` on Python 3).
|
|
||||||
|
.. exception:: Error
|
||||||
.. exception:: Error
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception that is the base class of all other error exceptions. You can
|
Exception that is the base class of all other error exceptions. You can
|
||||||
use this to catch all errors with one single `!except` statement. Warnings
|
use this to catch all errors with one single `!except` statement. Warnings
|
||||||
are not considered errors and thus not use this class as base. It
|
are not considered errors and thus not use this class as base. It
|
||||||
is a subclass of the Python `StandardError` (`Exception` on Python 3).
|
is a subclass of the Python `!StandardError`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: pgerror
|
.. attribute:: pgerror
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -158,48 +107,31 @@ available through the following exceptions:
|
||||||
if not available. The `~psycopg2.errorcodes` module contains
|
if not available. The `~psycopg2.errorcodes` module contains
|
||||||
symbolic constants representing PostgreSQL error codes.
|
symbolic constants representing PostgreSQL error codes.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. doctest::
|
.. extension::
|
||||||
:options: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> try:
|
The `~Error.pgerror` and `~Error.pgcode` attributes are
|
||||||
... cur.execute("SELECT * FROM barf")
|
Psycopg extensions.
|
||||||
... except psycopg2.Error as e:
|
|
||||||
... pass
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> e.pgcode
|
.. doctest::
|
||||||
'42P01'
|
:options: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
|
||||||
>>> print(e.pgerror)
|
|
||||||
ERROR: relation "barf" does not exist
|
|
||||||
LINE 1: SELECT * FROM barf
|
|
||||||
^
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: cursor
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The cursor the exception was raised from; `None` if not applicable.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. attribute:: diag
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A `~psycopg2.extensions.Diagnostics` object containing further
|
|
||||||
information about the error. ::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> try:
|
>>> try:
|
||||||
... cur.execute("SELECT * FROM barf")
|
... cur.execute("SELECT * FROM barf")
|
||||||
... except psycopg2.Error as e:
|
... except Exception, e:
|
||||||
... pass
|
... pass
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>>> e.diag.severity
|
>>> e.pgcode
|
||||||
'ERROR'
|
'42P01'
|
||||||
>>> e.diag.message_primary
|
>>> print e.pgerror
|
||||||
'relation "barf" does not exist'
|
ERROR: relation "barf" does not exist
|
||||||
|
LINE 1: SELECT * FROM barf
|
||||||
|
^
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.5
|
.. versionchanged:: 2.0.7 added `Error.pgerror` and
|
||||||
|
`Error.pgcode` attributes.
|
||||||
.. extension::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The `~Error.pgerror`, `~Error.pgcode`, `~Error.cursor`, and
|
|
||||||
`~Error.diag` attributes are Psycopg extensions.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. exception:: InterfaceError
|
.. exception:: InterfaceError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised for errors that are related to the database interface
|
Exception raised for errors that are related to the database interface
|
||||||
|
@ -209,41 +141,41 @@ available through the following exceptions:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised for errors that are related to the database. It is a
|
Exception raised for errors that are related to the database. It is a
|
||||||
subclass of `Error`.
|
subclass of `Error`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. exception:: DataError
|
.. exception:: DataError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised for errors that are due to problems with the processed
|
Exception raised for errors that are due to problems with the processed
|
||||||
data like division by zero, numeric value out of range, etc. It is a
|
data like division by zero, numeric value out of range, etc. It is a
|
||||||
subclass of `DatabaseError`.
|
subclass of `DatabaseError`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. exception:: OperationalError
|
.. exception:: OperationalError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised for errors that are related to the database's operation
|
Exception raised for errors that are related to the database's operation
|
||||||
and not necessarily under the control of the programmer, e.g. an
|
and not necessarily under the control of the programmer, e.g. an
|
||||||
unexpected disconnect occurs, the data source name is not found, a
|
unexpected disconnect occurs, the data source name is not found, a
|
||||||
transaction could not be processed, a memory allocation error occurred
|
transaction could not be processed, a memory allocation error occurred
|
||||||
during processing, etc. It is a subclass of `DatabaseError`.
|
during processing, etc. It is a subclass of `DatabaseError`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. exception:: IntegrityError
|
.. exception:: IntegrityError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised when the relational integrity of the database is
|
Exception raised when the relational integrity of the database is
|
||||||
affected, e.g. a foreign key check fails. It is a subclass of
|
affected, e.g. a foreign key check fails. It is a subclass of
|
||||||
`DatabaseError`.
|
`DatabaseError`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. exception:: InternalError
|
.. exception:: InternalError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised when the database encounters an internal error, e.g. the
|
Exception raised when the database encounters an internal error, e.g. the
|
||||||
cursor is not valid anymore, the transaction is out of sync, etc. It is a
|
cursor is not valid anymore, the transaction is out of sync, etc. It is a
|
||||||
subclass of `DatabaseError`.
|
subclass of `DatabaseError`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. exception:: ProgrammingError
|
.. exception:: ProgrammingError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised for programming errors, e.g. table not found or already
|
Exception raised for programming errors, e.g. table not found or already
|
||||||
exists, syntax error in the SQL statement, wrong number of parameters
|
exists, syntax error in the SQL statement, wrong number of parameters
|
||||||
specified, etc. It is a subclass of `DatabaseError`.
|
specified, etc. It is a subclass of `DatabaseError`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. exception:: NotSupportedError
|
.. exception:: NotSupportedError
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Exception raised in case a method or database API was used which is not
|
Exception raised in case a method or database API was used which is not
|
||||||
supported by the database, e.g. requesting a `!rollback()` on a
|
supported by the database, e.g. requesting a `!rollback()` on a
|
||||||
connection that does not support transaction or has transactions turned
|
connection that does not support transaction or has transactions turned
|
||||||
|
@ -252,14 +184,13 @@ available through the following exceptions:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. extension::
|
.. extension::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Psycopg actually raises a different exception for each :sql:`SQLSTATE`
|
Psycopg may raise a few other, more specialized, exceptions: currently
|
||||||
error returned by the database: the classes are available in the
|
`~psycopg2.extensions.QueryCanceledError` and
|
||||||
`psycopg2.errors` module. Every exception class is a subclass of one of
|
`~psycopg2.extensions.TransactionRollbackError` are defined. These
|
||||||
the exception classes defined here though, so they don't need to be
|
exceptions are not exposed by the main `!psycopg2` module but are
|
||||||
trapped specifically: trapping `!Error` or `!DatabaseError` is usually
|
made available by the `~psycopg2.extensions` module. All the
|
||||||
what needed to write a generic error handler; trapping a specific error
|
additional exceptions are subclasses of standard |DBAPI| exceptions, so
|
||||||
such as `!NotNullViolation` can be useful to write specific exception
|
trapping them specifically is not required.
|
||||||
handlers.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This is the exception inheritance layout:
|
This is the exception inheritance layout:
|
||||||
|
@ -273,6 +204,8 @@ This is the exception inheritance layout:
|
||||||
\|__ `DatabaseError`
|
\|__ `DatabaseError`
|
||||||
\|__ `DataError`
|
\|__ `DataError`
|
||||||
\|__ `OperationalError`
|
\|__ `OperationalError`
|
||||||
|
\| \|__ `psycopg2.extensions.QueryCanceledError`
|
||||||
|
\| \|__ `psycopg2.extensions.TransactionRollbackError`
|
||||||
\|__ `IntegrityError`
|
\|__ `IntegrityError`
|
||||||
\|__ `InternalError`
|
\|__ `InternalError`
|
||||||
\|__ `ProgrammingError`
|
\|__ `ProgrammingError`
|
||||||
|
@ -285,9 +218,7 @@ This is the exception inheritance layout:
|
||||||
Type Objects and Constructors
|
Type Objects and Constructors
|
||||||
-----------------------------
|
-----------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
.. note:: This section is mostly copied verbatim from the |DBAPI|_
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This section is mostly copied verbatim from the |DBAPI|_
|
|
||||||
specification. While these objects are exposed in compliance to the
|
specification. While these objects are exposed in compliance to the
|
||||||
DB API, Psycopg offers very accurate tools to convert data between Python
|
DB API, Psycopg offers very accurate tools to convert data between Python
|
||||||
and PostgreSQL formats. See :ref:`adapting-new-types` and
|
and PostgreSQL formats. See :ref:`adapting-new-types` and
|
||||||
|
@ -316,15 +247,15 @@ the type codes for date, time and timestamp columns; see the
|
||||||
Implementation Hints below for details).
|
Implementation Hints below for details).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The module exports the following constructors and singletons:
|
The module exports the following constructors and singletons:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function:: Date(year,month,day)
|
.. function:: Date(year,month,day)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This function constructs an object holding a date value.
|
This function constructs an object holding a date value.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function:: Time(hour,minute,second)
|
.. function:: Time(hour,minute,second)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This function constructs an object holding a time value.
|
This function constructs an object holding a time value.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function:: Timestamp(year,month,day,hour,minute,second)
|
.. function:: Timestamp(year,month,day,hour,minute,second)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This function constructs an object holding a time stamp value.
|
This function constructs an object holding a time stamp value.
|
||||||
|
@ -336,11 +267,11 @@ The module exports the following constructors and singletons:
|
||||||
the standard Python time module for details).
|
the standard Python time module for details).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function:: TimeFromTicks(ticks)
|
.. function:: TimeFromTicks(ticks)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This function constructs an object holding a time value from the given
|
This function constructs an object holding a time value from the given
|
||||||
ticks value (number of seconds since the epoch; see the documentation of
|
ticks value (number of seconds since the epoch; see the documentation of
|
||||||
the standard Python time module for details).
|
the standard Python time module for details).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function:: TimestampFromTicks(ticks)
|
.. function:: TimestampFromTicks(ticks)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This function constructs an object holding a time stamp value from the
|
This function constructs an object holding a time stamp value from the
|
||||||
|
@ -348,16 +279,10 @@ The module exports the following constructors and singletons:
|
||||||
documentation of the standard Python time module for details).
|
documentation of the standard Python time module for details).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. function:: Binary(string)
|
.. function:: Binary(string)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This function constructs an object capable of holding a binary (long)
|
This function constructs an object capable of holding a binary (long)
|
||||||
string value.
|
string value.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
All the adapters returned by the module level factories (`!Binary`,
|
|
||||||
`!Date`, `!Time`, `!Timestamp` and the `!*FromTicks` variants) expose the
|
|
||||||
wrapped object (a regular Python object such as `!datetime`) in an
|
|
||||||
`!adapted` attribute.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: STRING
|
.. data:: STRING
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -368,17 +293,17 @@ The module exports the following constructors and singletons:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This type object is used to describe (long) binary columns in a database
|
This type object is used to describe (long) binary columns in a database
|
||||||
(e.g. LONG, RAW, BLOBs).
|
(e.g. LONG, RAW, BLOBs).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: NUMBER
|
.. data:: NUMBER
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This type object is used to describe numeric columns in a database.
|
This type object is used to describe numeric columns in a database.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: DATETIME
|
.. data:: DATETIME
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This type object is used to describe date/time columns in a database.
|
This type object is used to describe date/time columns in a database.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. data:: ROWID
|
.. data:: ROWID
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This type object is used to describe the "Row ID" column in a database.
|
This type object is used to describe the "Row ID" column in a database.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
.. index::
|
|
||||||
single: Release notes
|
|
||||||
single: News
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. _news:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Release notes
|
|
||||||
=============
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. include:: ../../NEWS
|
|
|
@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Creating new PostgreSQL connections can be an expensive operation. This
|
Creating new PostgreSQL connections can be an expensive operation. This
|
||||||
module offers a few pure Python classes implementing simple connection pooling
|
module offers a few pure Python classes implementing simple connection pooling
|
||||||
directly in the client application.
|
directly into the client application.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. class:: AbstractConnectionPool(minconn, maxconn, \*args, \*\*kwargs)
|
.. class:: AbstractConnectionPool(minconn, maxconn, \*args, \*\*kwargs)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -24,24 +24,17 @@ directly in the client application.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: getconn(key=None)
|
.. method:: getconn(key=None)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Get a free connection from the pool.
|
Get a free connection and assign it to *key* if not `!None`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The *key* parameter is optional: if used, the connection will be
|
.. method:: putconn(conn, key=None)
|
||||||
associated to the key and calling `!getconn()` with the same key again
|
|
||||||
will return the same connection.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: putconn(conn, key=None, close=False)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Put away a connection.
|
Put away a connection.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If *close* is `!True`, discard the connection from the pool.
|
|
||||||
*key* should be used consistently with `getconn()`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. method:: closeall
|
.. method:: closeall
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Close all the connections handled by the pool.
|
Close all the connections handled by the pool.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Note that all the connections are closed, including ones
|
Notice that all the connections are closed, including ones
|
||||||
eventually in use by the application.
|
eventually in use by the application.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -58,3 +51,12 @@ be used.
|
||||||
.. autoclass:: ThreadedConnectionPool
|
.. autoclass:: ThreadedConnectionPool
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. note:: This pool class can be safely used in multi-threaded applications.
|
.. note:: This pool class can be safely used in multi-threaded applications.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. autoclass:: PersistentConnectionPool
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. note::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This pool class is mostly designed to interact with Zope and probably
|
||||||
|
not useful in generic applications.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
147
doc/src/sql.rst
|
@ -1,147 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
`psycopg2.sql` -- SQL string composition
|
|
||||||
========================================
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. sectionauthor:: Daniele Varrazzo <daniele.varrazzo@gmail.com>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. module:: psycopg2.sql
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The module contains objects and functions useful to generate SQL dynamically,
|
|
||||||
in a convenient and safe way. SQL identifiers (e.g. names of tables and
|
|
||||||
fields) cannot be passed to the `~cursor.execute()` method like query
|
|
||||||
arguments::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# This will not work
|
|
||||||
table_name = 'my_table'
|
|
||||||
cur.execute("insert into %s values (%s, %s)", [table_name, 10, 20])
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The SQL query should be composed before the arguments are merged, for
|
|
||||||
instance::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# This works, but it is not optimal
|
|
||||||
table_name = 'my_table'
|
|
||||||
cur.execute(
|
|
||||||
"insert into %s values (%%s, %%s)" % table_name,
|
|
||||||
[10, 20])
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This sort of works, but it is an accident waiting to happen: the table name
|
|
||||||
may be an invalid SQL literal and need quoting; even more serious is the
|
|
||||||
security problem in case the table name comes from an untrusted source. The
|
|
||||||
name should be escaped using `~psycopg2.extensions.quote_ident()`::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# This works, but it is not optimal
|
|
||||||
table_name = 'my_table'
|
|
||||||
cur.execute(
|
|
||||||
"insert into %s values (%%s, %%s)" % ext.quote_ident(table_name, cur),
|
|
||||||
[10, 20])
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This is now safe, but it somewhat ad-hoc. In case, for some reason, it is
|
|
||||||
necessary to include a value in the query string (as opposite as in a value)
|
|
||||||
the merging rule is still different (`~psycopg2.extensions.adapt()` should be
|
|
||||||
used...). It is also still relatively dangerous: if `!quote_ident()` is
|
|
||||||
forgotten somewhere, the program will usually work, but will eventually crash
|
|
||||||
in the presence of a table or field name with containing characters to escape,
|
|
||||||
or will present a potentially exploitable weakness.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The objects exposed by the `!psycopg2.sql` module allow generating SQL
|
|
||||||
statements on the fly, separating clearly the variable parts of the statement
|
|
||||||
from the query parameters::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
from psycopg2 import sql
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
cur.execute(
|
|
||||||
sql.SQL("insert into {} values (%s, %s)")
|
|
||||||
.format(sql.Identifier('my_table')),
|
|
||||||
[10, 20])
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Module usage
|
|
||||||
------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Usually you should express the template of your query as an `SQL` instance
|
|
||||||
with `{}`\-style placeholders and use `~SQL.format()` to merge the variable
|
|
||||||
parts into them, all of which must be `Composable` subclasses. You can still
|
|
||||||
have `%s`\ -style placeholders in your query and pass values to
|
|
||||||
`~cursor.execute()`: such value placeholders will be untouched by
|
|
||||||
`!format()`::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
query = sql.SQL("select {field} from {table} where {pkey} = %s").format(
|
|
||||||
field=sql.Identifier('my_name'),
|
|
||||||
table=sql.Identifier('some_table'),
|
|
||||||
pkey=sql.Identifier('id'))
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The resulting object is meant to be passed directly to cursor methods such as
|
|
||||||
`~cursor.execute()`, `~cursor.executemany()`, `~cursor.copy_expert()`, but can
|
|
||||||
also be used to compose a query as a Python string, using the
|
|
||||||
`~Composable.as_string()` method::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
cur.execute(query, (42,))
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If part of your query is a variable sequence of arguments, such as a
|
|
||||||
comma-separated list of field names, you can use the `SQL.join()` method to
|
|
||||||
pass them to the query::
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
query = sql.SQL("select {fields} from {table}").format(
|
|
||||||
fields=sql.SQL(',').join([
|
|
||||||
sql.Identifier('field1'),
|
|
||||||
sql.Identifier('field2'),
|
|
||||||
sql.Identifier('field3'),
|
|
||||||
]),
|
|
||||||
table=sql.Identifier('some_table'))
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
`!sql` objects
|
|
||||||
--------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The `!sql` objects are in the following inheritance hierarchy:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
| `Composable`: the base class exposing the common interface
|
|
||||||
| ``|__`` `SQL`: a literal snippet of an SQL query
|
|
||||||
| ``|__`` `Identifier`: a PostgreSQL identifier or dot-separated sequence of identifiers
|
|
||||||
| ``|__`` `Literal`: a value hardcoded into a query
|
|
||||||
| ``|__`` `Placeholder`: a `%s`\ -style placeholder whose value will be added later e.g. by `~cursor.execute()`
|
|
||||||
| ``|__`` `Composed`: a sequence of `!Composable` instances.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoclass:: Composable
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. automethod:: as_string
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoclass:: SQL
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: string
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. automethod:: format
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. automethod:: join
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoclass:: Identifier
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionchanged:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
added support for multiple strings.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: strings
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
|
||||||
previous verions only had a `!string` attribute. The attribute
|
|
||||||
still exists but is deprecate and will only work if the
|
|
||||||
`!Identifier` wraps a single string.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoclass:: Literal
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: wrapped
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoclass:: Placeholder
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: name
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoclass:: Composed
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoattribute:: seq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. automethod:: join
|
|
|
@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
|
||||||
|
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
|
||||||
"""
|
"""
|
||||||
extension
|
extension
|
||||||
~~~~~~~~~
|
~~~~~~~~~
|
||||||
|
@ -11,7 +12,7 @@
|
||||||
from docutils import nodes
|
from docutils import nodes
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
from sphinx.locale import _
|
from sphinx.locale import _
|
||||||
from docutils.parsers.rst import Directive
|
from sphinx.util.compat import Directive, make_admonition
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
class extension_node(nodes.Admonition, nodes.Element): pass
|
class extension_node(nodes.Admonition, nodes.Element): pass
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -28,11 +29,12 @@ class Extension(Directive):
|
||||||
option_spec = {}
|
option_spec = {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def run(self):
|
def run(self):
|
||||||
node = extension_node('\n'.join(self.content))
|
nodes = make_admonition(extension_node,
|
||||||
node += nodes.title(_('DB API extension'), _('DB API extension'))
|
self.name, [_('DB API extension')], self.options,
|
||||||
self.state.nested_parse(self.content, self.content_offset, node)
|
self.content, self.lineno, self.content_offset,
|
||||||
node['classes'].append('dbapi-extension')
|
self.block_text, self.state, self.state_machine)
|
||||||
return [node]
|
nodes[0]['classes'].append('dbapi-extension')
|
||||||
|
return nodes
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def visit_extension_node(self, node):
|
def visit_extension_node(self, node):
|
||||||
|
@ -48,3 +50,4 @@ def setup(app):
|
||||||
text=(visit_extension_node, depart_extension_node))
|
text=(visit_extension_node, depart_extension_node))
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
app.add_directive('extension', Extension)
|
app.add_directive('extension', Extension)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
|
||||||
|
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
|
||||||
"""
|
"""
|
||||||
sql role
|
sql role
|
||||||
~~~~~~~~
|
~~~~~~~~
|
||||||
|
@ -11,9 +12,10 @@ from docutils import nodes, utils
|
||||||
from docutils.parsers.rst import roles
|
from docutils.parsers.rst import roles
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def sql_role(name, rawtext, text, lineno, inliner, options={}, content=[]):
|
def sql_role(name, rawtext, text, lineno, inliner, options={}, content=[]):
|
||||||
text = utils.unescape(text)
|
text = utils.unescape(text)
|
||||||
options['classes'] = ['sql']
|
options['classes'] = ['sql']
|
||||||
return [nodes.literal(rawtext, text, **options)], []
|
return [nodes.literal(rawtext, text, **options)], []
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def setup(app):
|
def setup(app):
|
||||||
roles.register_local_role('sql', sql_role)
|
roles.register_local_role('sql', sql_role)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
ticket role
|
|
||||||
~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
An interpreted text role to link docs to tickets issues.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:copyright: Copyright 2013 by Daniele Varrazzo.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
import re
|
|
||||||
from docutils import nodes, utils
|
|
||||||
from docutils.parsers.rst import roles
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def ticket_role(name, rawtext, text, lineno, inliner, options={}, content=[]):
|
|
||||||
cfg = inliner.document.settings.env.app.config
|
|
||||||
if cfg.ticket_url is None:
|
|
||||||
msg = inliner.reporter.warning(
|
|
||||||
"ticket not configured: please configure ticket_url in conf.py")
|
|
||||||
prb = inliner.problematic(rawtext, rawtext, msg)
|
|
||||||
return [prb], [msg]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
rv = [nodes.Text(name + ' ')]
|
|
||||||
tokens = re.findall(r'(#?\d+)|([^\d#]+)', text)
|
|
||||||
for ticket, noise in tokens:
|
|
||||||
if ticket:
|
|
||||||
num = int(ticket.replace('#', ''))
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Push numbers of the oldel tickets ahead.
|
|
||||||
# We moved the tickets from a different tracker to GitHub and the
|
|
||||||
# latter already had a few ticket numbers taken (as merge
|
|
||||||
# requests).
|
|
||||||
remap_until = cfg.ticket_remap_until
|
|
||||||
remap_offset = cfg.ticket_remap_offset
|
|
||||||
if remap_until and remap_offset:
|
|
||||||
if num <= remap_until:
|
|
||||||
num += remap_offset
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
url = cfg.ticket_url % num
|
|
||||||
roles.set_classes(options)
|
|
||||||
node = nodes.reference(ticket, utils.unescape(ticket),
|
|
||||||
refuri=url, **options)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
rv.append(node)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
assert noise
|
|
||||||
rv.append(nodes.Text(noise))
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
return rv, []
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def setup(app):
|
|
||||||
app.add_config_value('ticket_url', None, 'env')
|
|
||||||
app.add_config_value('ticket_remap_until', None, 'env')
|
|
||||||
app.add_config_value('ticket_remap_offset', None, 'env')
|
|
||||||
app.add_role('ticket', ticket_role)
|
|
||||||
app.add_role('tickets', ticket_role)
|
|
|
@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
#!/usr/bin/env python
|
|
||||||
"""Create the docs table of the sqlstate errors.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
import re
|
|
||||||
import sys
|
|
||||||
from collections import namedtuple
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
from psycopg2._psycopg import sqlstate_errors
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def main():
|
|
||||||
sqlclasses = {}
|
|
||||||
clsfile = sys.argv[1]
|
|
||||||
with open(clsfile) as f:
|
|
||||||
for l in f:
|
|
||||||
m = re.match(r'/\* Class (..) - (.+) \*/', l)
|
|
||||||
if m is not None:
|
|
||||||
sqlclasses[m.group(1)] = m.group(2)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Line = namedtuple('Line', 'colstate colexc colbase sqlstate')
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
lines = [Line('SQLSTATE', 'Exception', 'Base exception', None)]
|
|
||||||
for k in sorted(sqlstate_errors):
|
|
||||||
exc = sqlstate_errors[k]
|
|
||||||
lines.append(Line(
|
|
||||||
f"``{k}``", f"`!{exc.__name__}`",
|
|
||||||
f"`!{get_base_exception(exc).__name__}`", k))
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
widths = [max(len(l[c]) for l in lines) for c in range(3)]
|
|
||||||
h = Line(*(['=' * w for w in widths] + [None]))
|
|
||||||
lines.insert(0, h)
|
|
||||||
lines.insert(2, h)
|
|
||||||
lines.append(h)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
h1 = '-' * (sum(widths) + len(widths) - 1)
|
|
||||||
sqlclass = None
|
|
||||||
for l in lines:
|
|
||||||
cls = l.sqlstate[:2] if l.sqlstate else None
|
|
||||||
if cls and cls != sqlclass:
|
|
||||||
print(f"**Class {cls}**: {sqlclasses[cls]}")
|
|
||||||
print(h1)
|
|
||||||
sqlclass = cls
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
print("%-*s %-*s %-*s" % (
|
|
||||||
widths[0], l.colstate, widths[1], l.colexc, widths[2], l.colbase))
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def get_base_exception(exc):
|
|
||||||
for cls in exc.__mro__:
|
|
||||||
if cls.__module__ == 'psycopg2':
|
|
||||||
return cls
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(main())
|
|
56
doc/src/tools/stitch_text.py
Executable file
|
@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
|
||||||
|
#! /usr/bin/env python
|
||||||
|
"""A script to stitch together the generated text files in the correct order.
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import os
|
||||||
|
import sys
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def main():
|
||||||
|
if len(sys.argv) != 3:
|
||||||
|
print >>sys.stderr, "usage: %s index.rst text-dir"
|
||||||
|
return 2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
_, index, txt_dir = sys.argv
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for fb in iter_file_base(index):
|
||||||
|
emit(fb, txt_dir)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return 0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def iter_file_base(fn):
|
||||||
|
have_line = iter(open(fn)).next
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
while not have_line().startswith('.. toctree'):
|
||||||
|
pass
|
||||||
|
while have_line().strip().startswith(':'):
|
||||||
|
pass
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
yield os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(fn))[0]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
n = 0
|
||||||
|
while 1:
|
||||||
|
line = have_line()
|
||||||
|
if line.isspace():
|
||||||
|
continue
|
||||||
|
if line.startswith(".."):
|
||||||
|
break
|
||||||
|
n += 1
|
||||||
|
yield line.strip()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if n < 5:
|
||||||
|
# maybe format changed?
|
||||||
|
raise Exception("Not enough files found. Format change in index.rst?")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def emit(basename, txt_dir):
|
||||||
|
for line in open(os.path.join(txt_dir, basename + ".txt")):
|
||||||
|
line = line.replace("``", "'")
|
||||||
|
sys.stdout.write(line)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# some space between sections
|
||||||
|
print
|
||||||
|
print
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
||||||
|
sys.exit(main())
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -5,15 +5,12 @@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. module:: psycopg2.tz
|
.. module:: psycopg2.tz
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. deprecated:: 2.9
|
|
||||||
The module will be dropped in psycopg 2.10. Use `datetime.timezone`
|
|
||||||
instead.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This module holds two different tzinfo implementations that can be used as the
|
This module holds two different tzinfo implementations that can be used as the
|
||||||
`tzinfo` argument to `~datetime.datetime` constructors, directly passed to
|
`tzinfo` argument to `~datetime.datetime` constructors, directly passed to
|
||||||
Psycopg functions or used to set the `cursor.tzinfo_factory` attribute in
|
Psycopg functions or used to set the `cursor.tzinfo_factory` attribute in
|
||||||
cursors.
|
cursors.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoclass:: psycopg2.tz.FixedOffsetTimezone
|
.. autoclass:: psycopg2.tz.FixedOffsetTimezone
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. autoclass:: psycopg2.tz.LocalTimezone
|
.. autoclass:: psycopg2.tz.LocalTimezone
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
89
examples/binary.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
|
||||||
|
# binary.py - working with binary data
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2001-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## put in DSN your DSN string
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
DSN = 'dbname=test'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## don't modify anything below tis line (except for experimenting)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import sys
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
|
||||||
|
DSN = sys.argv[1]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Opening connection using dns:", DSN
|
||||||
|
conn = psycopg2.connect(DSN)
|
||||||
|
print "Encoding for this connection is", conn.encoding
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("CREATE TABLE test_binary (id int4, name text, img bytea)")
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("DROP TABLE test_binary")
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("CREATE TABLE test_binary (id int4, name text, img bytea)")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# first we try two inserts, one with an explicit Binary call and the other
|
||||||
|
# using a buffer on a file object.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
data1 = {'id':1, 'name':'somehackers.jpg',
|
||||||
|
'img':psycopg2.Binary(open('somehackers.jpg').read())}
|
||||||
|
data2 = {'id':2, 'name':'whereareyou.jpg',
|
||||||
|
'img':buffer(open('whereareyou.jpg').read())}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("""INSERT INTO test_binary
|
||||||
|
VALUES (%(id)s, %(name)s, %(img)s)""", data1)
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("""INSERT INTO test_binary
|
||||||
|
VALUES (%(id)s, %(name)s, %(img)s)""", data2)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# now we try to extract the images as simple text strings
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Extracting the images as strings..."
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT * FROM test_binary")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for row in curs.fetchall():
|
||||||
|
name, ext = row[1].split('.')
|
||||||
|
new_name = name + '_S.' + ext
|
||||||
|
print " writing %s to %s ..." % (name+'.'+ext, new_name),
|
||||||
|
open(new_name, 'wb').write(row[2])
|
||||||
|
print "done"
|
||||||
|
print " python type of image data is", type(row[2])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# extract exactly the same data but using a binary cursor
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Extracting the images using a binary cursor:"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("""DECLARE zot CURSOR FOR
|
||||||
|
SELECT img, name FROM test_binary FOR READ ONLY""")
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("""FETCH ALL FROM zot""")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for row in curs.fetchall():
|
||||||
|
name, ext = row[1].split('.')
|
||||||
|
new_name = name + '_B.' + ext
|
||||||
|
print " writing %s to %s ..." % (name+'.'+ext, new_name),
|
||||||
|
open(new_name, 'wb').write(row[0])
|
||||||
|
print "done"
|
||||||
|
print " python type of image data is", type(row[0])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# this rollback is requires because we can't drop a table with a binary cusor
|
||||||
|
# declared and still open
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("DROP TABLE test_binary")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "\nNow try to load the new images, to check it worked!"
|
177
examples/copy_from.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
|
||||||
|
# copy_from.py -- example about copy_from
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2002 Tom Jenkins <tjenkins@devis.com>
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2005 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@initd.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
|
||||||
|
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
|
||||||
|
# Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
|
||||||
|
# version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
|
||||||
|
# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTIBILITY
|
||||||
|
# or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||||
|
# for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## put in DSN your DSN string
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
DSN = 'dbname=test'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## don't modify anything below tis line (except for experimenting)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import sys
|
||||||
|
import os
|
||||||
|
import StringIO
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
|
||||||
|
DSN = sys.argv[1]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Opening connection using dns:", DSN
|
||||||
|
conn = psycopg2.connect(DSN)
|
||||||
|
print "Encoding for this connection is", conn.encoding
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("CREATE TABLE test_copy (fld1 text, fld2 text, fld3 int4)")
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("DROP TABLE test_copy")
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("CREATE TABLE test_copy (fld1 text, fld2 text, fld3 int4)")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# copy_from with default arguments, from open file
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
io = open('copy_from.txt', 'wr')
|
||||||
|
data = ['Tom\tJenkins\t37\n',
|
||||||
|
'Madonna\t\\N\t45\n',
|
||||||
|
'Federico\tDi Gregorio\t\\N\n']
|
||||||
|
io.writelines(data)
|
||||||
|
io.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
io = open('copy_from.txt', 'r')
|
||||||
|
curs.copy_from(io, 'test_copy')
|
||||||
|
print "1) Copy %d records from file object " % len(data) + \
|
||||||
|
"using defaults (sep: \\t and null = \\N)"
|
||||||
|
io.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT * FROM test_copy")
|
||||||
|
rows = curs.fetchall()
|
||||||
|
print " Select returned %d rows" % len(rows)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for r in rows:
|
||||||
|
print " %s %s\t%s" % (r[0], r[1], r[2])
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("delete from test_copy")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# copy_from using custom separator, from open file
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
io = open('copy_from.txt', 'wr')
|
||||||
|
data = ['Tom:Jenkins:37\n',
|
||||||
|
'Madonna:\N:45\n',
|
||||||
|
'Federico:Di Gregorio:\N\n']
|
||||||
|
io.writelines(data)
|
||||||
|
io.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
io = open('copy_from.txt', 'r')
|
||||||
|
curs.copy_from(io, 'test_copy', ':')
|
||||||
|
print "2) Copy %d records from file object using sep = :" % len(data)
|
||||||
|
io.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT * FROM test_copy")
|
||||||
|
rows = curs.fetchall()
|
||||||
|
print " Select returned %d rows" % len(rows)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for r in rows:
|
||||||
|
print " %s %s\t%s" % (r[0], r[1], r[2])
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("delete from test_copy")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# copy_from using custom null identifier, from open file
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
io = open('copy_from.txt', 'wr')
|
||||||
|
data = ['Tom\tJenkins\t37\n',
|
||||||
|
'Madonna\tNULL\t45\n',
|
||||||
|
'Federico\tDi Gregorio\tNULL\n']
|
||||||
|
io.writelines(data)
|
||||||
|
io.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
io = open('copy_from.txt', 'r')
|
||||||
|
curs.copy_from(io, 'test_copy', null='NULL')
|
||||||
|
print "3) Copy %d records from file object using null = NULL" % len(data)
|
||||||
|
io.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT * FROM test_copy")
|
||||||
|
rows = curs.fetchall()
|
||||||
|
print " Select using cursor returned %d rows" % len(rows)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for r in rows:
|
||||||
|
print " %s %s\t%s" % (r[0], r[1], r[2])
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("delete from test_copy")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# copy_from using custom separator and null identifier
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
io = open('copy_from.txt', 'wr')
|
||||||
|
data = ['Tom:Jenkins:37\n', 'Madonna:NULL:45\n', 'Federico:Di Gregorio:NULL\n']
|
||||||
|
io.writelines(data)
|
||||||
|
io.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
io = open('copy_from.txt', 'r')
|
||||||
|
curs.copy_from(io, 'test_copy', ':', 'NULL')
|
||||||
|
print "4) Copy %d records from file object " % len(data) + \
|
||||||
|
"using sep = : and null = NULL"
|
||||||
|
io.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT * FROM test_copy")
|
||||||
|
rows = curs.fetchall()
|
||||||
|
print " Select using cursor returned %d rows" % len(rows)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for r in rows:
|
||||||
|
print " %s %s\t%s" % (r[0], r[1], r[2])
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("delete from test_copy")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# anything can be used as a file if it has .read() and .readline() methods
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
data = StringIO.StringIO()
|
||||||
|
data.write('\n'.join(['Tom\tJenkins\t37',
|
||||||
|
'Madonna\t\N\t45',
|
||||||
|
'Federico\tDi Gregorio\t\N']))
|
||||||
|
data.seek(0)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.copy_from(data, 'test_copy')
|
||||||
|
print "5) Copy 3 records from StringIO object using defaults"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT * FROM test_copy")
|
||||||
|
rows = curs.fetchall()
|
||||||
|
print " Select using cursor returned %d rows" % len(rows)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for r in rows:
|
||||||
|
print " %s %s\t%s" % (r[0], r[1], r[2])
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("delete from test_copy")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# simple error test
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "6) About to raise an error"
|
||||||
|
data = StringIO.StringIO()
|
||||||
|
data.write('\n'.join(['Tom\tJenkins\t37',
|
||||||
|
'Madonna\t\N\t45',
|
||||||
|
'Federico\tDi Gregorio\taaa']))
|
||||||
|
data.seek(0)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
curs.copy_from(data, 'test_copy')
|
||||||
|
except StandardError, err:
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
||||||
|
print " Catched error (as expected):\n", err
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("DROP TABLE test_copy")
|
||||||
|
os.unlink('copy_from.txt')
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
103
examples/copy_to.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
|
||||||
|
# copy_to.py -- example about copy_to
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2002 Tom Jenkins <tjenkins@devis.com>
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2005 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@initd.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
|
||||||
|
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
|
||||||
|
# Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
|
||||||
|
# version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
|
||||||
|
# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTIBILITY
|
||||||
|
# or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||||
|
# for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## put in DSN your DSN string
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
DSN = 'dbname=test'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## don't modify anything below tis line (except for experimenting)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import sys
|
||||||
|
import os
|
||||||
|
import StringIO
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
|
||||||
|
DSN = sys.argv[1]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Opening connection using dns:", DSN
|
||||||
|
conn = psycopg2.connect(DSN)
|
||||||
|
print "Encoding for this connection is", conn.encoding
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("CREATE TABLE test_copy (fld1 text, fld2 text, fld3 int4)")
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("DROP TABLE test_copy")
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("CREATE TABLE test_copy (fld1 text, fld2 text, fld3 int4)")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# demostrate copy_to functionality
|
||||||
|
data = [('Tom', 'Jenkins', '37'),
|
||||||
|
('Madonna', None, '45'),
|
||||||
|
('Federico', 'Di Gregorio', None)]
|
||||||
|
query = "INSERT INTO test_copy VALUES (%s, %s, %s)"
|
||||||
|
curs.executemany(query, data)
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# copy_to using defaults
|
||||||
|
io = open('copy_to.txt', 'w')
|
||||||
|
curs.copy_to(io, 'test_copy')
|
||||||
|
print "1) Copy %d records into file object using defaults: " % len (data) + \
|
||||||
|
"sep = \\t and null = \\N"
|
||||||
|
io.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
rows = open('copy_to.txt', 'r').readlines()
|
||||||
|
print " File has %d rows:" % len(rows)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for r in rows:
|
||||||
|
print " ", r,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# copy_to using custom separator
|
||||||
|
io = open('copy_to.txt', 'w')
|
||||||
|
curs.copy_to(io, 'test_copy', ':')
|
||||||
|
print "2) Copy %d records into file object using sep = :" % len(data)
|
||||||
|
io.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
rows = open('copy_to.txt', 'r').readlines()
|
||||||
|
print " File has %d rows:" % len(rows)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for r in rows:
|
||||||
|
print " ", r,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# copy_to using custom null identifier
|
||||||
|
io = open('copy_to.txt', 'w')
|
||||||
|
curs.copy_to(io, 'test_copy', null='NULL')
|
||||||
|
print "3) Copy %d records into file object using null = NULL" % len(data)
|
||||||
|
io.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
rows = open('copy_to.txt', 'r').readlines()
|
||||||
|
print " File has %d rows:" % len(rows)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for r in rows:
|
||||||
|
print " ", r,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# copy_to using custom separator and null identifier
|
||||||
|
io = open('copy_to.txt', 'w')
|
||||||
|
curs.copy_to(io, 'test_copy', ':', 'NULL')
|
||||||
|
print "4) Copy %d records into file object using sep = : and null ) NULL" % \
|
||||||
|
len(data)
|
||||||
|
io.close()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
rows = open('copy_to.txt', 'r').readlines()
|
||||||
|
print " File has %d rows:" % len(rows)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for r in rows:
|
||||||
|
print " ", r,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("DROP TABLE test_copy")
|
||||||
|
os.unlink('copy_to.txt')
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
63
examples/cursor.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
|
||||||
|
# cursor.py - how to subclass the cursor type
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2004-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## put in DSN your DSN string
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
DSN = 'dbname=test'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## don't modify anything below this line (except for experimenting)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import sys
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2.extensions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
|
||||||
|
DSN = sys.argv[1]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Opening connection using dsn:", DSN
|
||||||
|
conn = psycopg2.connect(DSN)
|
||||||
|
print "Encoding for this connection is", conn.encoding
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class NoDataError(psycopg2.ProgrammingError):
|
||||||
|
"""Exception that will be raised by our cursor."""
|
||||||
|
pass
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class Cursor(psycopg2.extensions.cursor):
|
||||||
|
"""A custom cursor."""
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def fetchone(self):
|
||||||
|
"""Like fetchone but raise an exception if no data is available.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Note that to have .fetchmany() and .fetchall() to raise the same
|
||||||
|
exception we'll have to override them too; even if internally psycopg
|
||||||
|
uses the same function to fetch rows, the code path from Python is
|
||||||
|
different.
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
d = psycopg2.extensions.cursor.fetchone(self)
|
||||||
|
if d is None:
|
||||||
|
raise NoDataError("no more data")
|
||||||
|
return d
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor(cursor_factory=Cursor)
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT 1 AS foo")
|
||||||
|
print "Result of fetchone():", curs.fetchone()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# now let's raise the exception
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
curs.fetchone()
|
||||||
|
except NoDataError, err:
|
||||||
|
print "Exception caugth:", err
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
144
examples/dialtone.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
This example/recipe has been contributed by Valentino Volonghi (dialtone)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Mapping arbitrary objects to a PostgreSQL database with psycopg2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Problem
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You need to store arbitrary objects in a PostgreSQL database without being
|
||||||
|
intrusive for your classes (don't want inheritance from an 'Item' or
|
||||||
|
'Persistent' object).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Solution
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
from datetime import datetime
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
from psycopg2.extensions import adapt, register_adapter
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
sorted()
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
def sorted(seq):
|
||||||
|
seq.sort()
|
||||||
|
return seq
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Here is the adapter for every object that we may ever need to
|
||||||
|
# insert in the database. It receives the original object and does
|
||||||
|
# its job on that instance
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class ObjectMapper(object):
|
||||||
|
def __init__(self, orig, curs=None):
|
||||||
|
self.orig = orig
|
||||||
|
self.tmp = {}
|
||||||
|
self.items, self.fields = self._gatherState()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def _gatherState(self):
|
||||||
|
adaptee_name = self.orig.__class__.__name__
|
||||||
|
fields = sorted([(field, getattr(self.orig, field))
|
||||||
|
for field in persistent_fields[adaptee_name]])
|
||||||
|
items = []
|
||||||
|
for item, value in fields:
|
||||||
|
items.append(item)
|
||||||
|
return items, fields
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def getTableName(self):
|
||||||
|
return self.orig.__class__.__name__
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def getMappedValues(self):
|
||||||
|
tmp = []
|
||||||
|
for i in self.items:
|
||||||
|
tmp.append("%%(%s)s"%i)
|
||||||
|
return ", ".join(tmp)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def getValuesDict(self):
|
||||||
|
return dict(self.fields)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def getFields(self):
|
||||||
|
return self.items
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def generateInsert(self):
|
||||||
|
qry = "INSERT INTO"
|
||||||
|
qry += " " + self.getTableName() + " ("
|
||||||
|
qry += ", ".join(self.getFields()) + ") VALUES ("
|
||||||
|
qry += self.getMappedValues() + ")"
|
||||||
|
return qry, self.getValuesDict()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Here are the objects
|
||||||
|
class Album(object):
|
||||||
|
id = 0
|
||||||
|
def __init__(self):
|
||||||
|
self.creation_time = datetime.now()
|
||||||
|
self.album_id = self.id
|
||||||
|
Album.id = Album.id + 1
|
||||||
|
self.binary_data = buffer('12312312312121')
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class Order(object):
|
||||||
|
id = 0
|
||||||
|
def __init__(self):
|
||||||
|
self.items = ['rice','chocolate']
|
||||||
|
self.price = 34
|
||||||
|
self.order_id = self.id
|
||||||
|
Order.id = Order.id + 1
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
register_adapter(Album, ObjectMapper)
|
||||||
|
register_adapter(Order, ObjectMapper)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Describe what is needed to save on each object
|
||||||
|
# This is actually just configuration, you can use xml with a parser if you
|
||||||
|
# like to have plenty of wasted CPU cycles ;P.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
persistent_fields = {'Album': ['album_id', 'creation_time', 'binary_data'],
|
||||||
|
'Order': ['order_id', 'items', 'price']
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print adapt(Album()).generateInsert()
|
||||||
|
print adapt(Album()).generateInsert()
|
||||||
|
print adapt(Album()).generateInsert()
|
||||||
|
print adapt(Order()).generateInsert()
|
||||||
|
print adapt(Order()).generateInsert()
|
||||||
|
print adapt(Order()).generateInsert()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
- Discussion
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Psycopg 2 has a great new feature: adaptation. The big thing about
|
||||||
|
adaptation is that it enable the programmer to glue most of the
|
||||||
|
code out there without many difficulties.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This recipe tries to focus the attention on a way to generate SQL queries to
|
||||||
|
insert completely new objects inside a database. As you can see objects do
|
||||||
|
not know anything about the code that is handling them. We specify all the
|
||||||
|
fields that we need for each object through the persistent_fields dict.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The most important lines of this recipe are:
|
||||||
|
register_adapter(Album, ObjectMapper)
|
||||||
|
register_adapter(Order, ObjectMapper)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In these line we notify the system that when we call adapt with an Album instance
|
||||||
|
as an argument we want it to istantiate ObjectMapper passing the Album instance
|
||||||
|
as argument (self.orig in the ObjectMapper class).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The output is something like this (for each call to generateInsert):
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
('INSERT INTO Album (album_id, binary_data, creation_time) VALUES
|
||||||
|
(%(album_id)s, %(binary_data)s, %(creation_time)s)',
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{'binary_data': <read-only buffer for 0x402de070, ...>,
|
||||||
|
'creation_time': datetime.datetime(2004, 9, 10, 20, 48, 29, 633728),
|
||||||
|
'album_id': 1}
|
||||||
|
)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This is a tuple of {SQL_QUERY, FILLING_DICT}, and all the quoting/converting
|
||||||
|
stuff (from python's datetime to postgres s and from python's buffer to
|
||||||
|
postgres' blob) is handled with the same adaptation process hunder the hood
|
||||||
|
by psycopg2.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
At last, just notice that ObjectMapper is working for both Album and Order
|
||||||
|
instances without any glitches at all, and both classes could have easily been
|
||||||
|
coming from closed source libraries or C coded ones (which are not easily
|
||||||
|
modified), whereas a common pattern in todays ORMs or OODBs is to provide
|
||||||
|
a basic 'Persistent' object that already knows how to store itself in the
|
||||||
|
database.
|
||||||
|
"""
|
65
examples/dict.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
|
||||||
|
# dict.py - using DictCUrsor/DictRow
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2005-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## put in DSN your DSN string
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
DSN = 'dbname=test'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## don't modify anything below this line (except for experimenting)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import sys
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2.extras
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
|
||||||
|
DSN = sys.argv[1]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Opening connection using dsn:", DSN
|
||||||
|
conn = psycopg2.connect(DSN)
|
||||||
|
print "Encoding for this connection is", conn.encoding
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.DictCursor)
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT 1 AS foo, 'cip' AS bar, date(now()) as zot")
|
||||||
|
print "Cursor's row factory is", curs.row_factory
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
data = curs.fetchone()
|
||||||
|
print "The type of the data row is", type(data)
|
||||||
|
print "Some data accessed both as tuple and dict:"
|
||||||
|
print " ", data['foo'], data['bar'], data['zot']
|
||||||
|
print " ", data[0], data[1], data[2]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# execute another query and demostrate we can still access the row
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT 2 AS foo")
|
||||||
|
print "The type of the data row is", type(data)
|
||||||
|
print "Some more data accessed both as tuple and dict:"
|
||||||
|
print " ", data['foo'], data['bar'], data['zot']
|
||||||
|
print " ", data[0], data[1], data[2]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.RealDictCursor)
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT 1 AS foo, 'cip' AS bar, date(now()) as zot")
|
||||||
|
print "Cursor's row factory is", curs.row_factory
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
data = curs.fetchone()
|
||||||
|
print "The type of the data row is", type(data)
|
||||||
|
print "Some data accessed both as tuple and dict:"
|
||||||
|
print " ", data['foo'], data['bar'], data['zot']
|
||||||
|
print " ", "No access using indices: this is a specialized cursor."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# execute another query and demostrate we can still access the row
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT 2 AS foo")
|
||||||
|
print "The type of the data row is", type(data)
|
||||||
|
print "Some more data accessed both as tuple and dict:"
|
||||||
|
print " ", data['foo'], data['bar'], data['zot']
|
||||||
|
print " ", "No access using indices: this is a specialized cursor."
|
99
examples/dt.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
|
||||||
|
# datetime.py - example of using date and time types
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2001-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## put in DSN your DSN string
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
DSN = 'dbname=test'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## don't modify anything below tis line (except for experimenting)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import sys
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
import mx.DateTime
|
||||||
|
import datetime
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
from psycopg2.extensions import adapt
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
|
||||||
|
DSN = sys.argv[1]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Opening connection using dns:", DSN
|
||||||
|
conn = psycopg2.connect(DSN)
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("""CREATE TABLE test_dt (
|
||||||
|
k int4, d date, t time, dt timestamp, z interval)""")
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("DROP TABLE test_dt")
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("""CREATE TABLE test_dt (
|
||||||
|
k int4, d date, t time, dt timestamp, z interval)""")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# build and insert some data using mx.DateTime
|
||||||
|
mx1 = (
|
||||||
|
1,
|
||||||
|
mx.DateTime.Date(2004, 10, 19),
|
||||||
|
mx.DateTime.Time(0, 11, 17.015),
|
||||||
|
mx.DateTime.Timestamp(2004, 10, 19, 0, 11, 17.5),
|
||||||
|
mx.DateTime.DateTimeDelta(13, 15, 17, 59.9))
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
from psycopg2.extensions import adapt
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2.extras
|
||||||
|
print adapt(mx1)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Inserting mx.DateTime values..."
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("INSERT INTO test_dt VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)", mx1)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# build and insert some values using the datetime adapters
|
||||||
|
dt1 = (
|
||||||
|
2,
|
||||||
|
datetime.date(2004, 10, 19),
|
||||||
|
datetime.time(0, 11, 17, 15000),
|
||||||
|
datetime.datetime(2004, 10, 19, 0, 11, 17, 500000),
|
||||||
|
datetime.timedelta(13, 15*3600+17*60+59, 900000))
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Inserting Python datetime values..."
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("INSERT INTO test_dt VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)", dt1)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# now extract the row from database and print them
|
||||||
|
print "Extracting values inserted with mx.DateTime wrappers:"
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT d, t, dt, z FROM test_dt WHERE k = 1")
|
||||||
|
for n, x in zip(mx1[1:], curs.fetchone()):
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
# this will work only is psycopg has been compiled with datetime
|
||||||
|
# as the default typecaster for date/time values
|
||||||
|
s = repr(n) + "\n -> " + str(adapt(n)) + \
|
||||||
|
"\n -> " + repr(x) + "\n -> " + x.isoformat()
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
s = repr(n) + "\n -> " + str(adapt(n)) + \
|
||||||
|
"\n -> " + repr(x) + "\n -> " + str(x)
|
||||||
|
print s
|
||||||
|
print
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Extracting values inserted with Python datetime wrappers:"
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT d, t, dt, z FROM test_dt WHERE k = 2")
|
||||||
|
for n, x in zip(dt1[1:], curs.fetchone()):
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
# this will work only is psycopg has been compiled with datetime
|
||||||
|
# as the default typecaster for date/time values
|
||||||
|
s = repr(n) + "\n -> " + repr(x) + "\n -> " + x.isoformat()
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
s = repr(n) + "\n -> " + repr(x) + "\n -> " + str(x)
|
||||||
|
print s
|
||||||
|
print
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("DROP TABLE test_dt")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
105
examples/encoding.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
|
||||||
|
# encoding.py - show to change client enkoding (and test it works)
|
||||||
|
# -*- encoding: utf8 -*-
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2004-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## put in DSN your DSN string
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
DSN = 'dbname=test'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## don't modify anything below this line (except for experimenting)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import sys
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2.extensions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
|
||||||
|
DSN = sys.argv[1]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Opening connection using dns:", DSN
|
||||||
|
conn = psycopg2.connect(DSN)
|
||||||
|
print "Initial encoding for this connection is", conn.encoding
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "\n** This example is supposed to be run in a UNICODE terminal! **\n"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Available encodings:"
|
||||||
|
encs = psycopg2.extensions.encodings.items()
|
||||||
|
encs.sort()
|
||||||
|
for a, b in encs:
|
||||||
|
print " ", a, "<->", b
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Using STRING typecaster"
|
||||||
|
print "Setting backend encoding to LATIN1 and executing queries:"
|
||||||
|
conn.set_client_encoding('LATIN1')
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %s::TEXT AS foo", ('àèìòù',))
|
||||||
|
x = curs.fetchone()[0]
|
||||||
|
print " ->", unicode(x, 'latin-1').encode('utf-8'), type(x)
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %s::TEXT AS foo", (u'àèìòù',))
|
||||||
|
x = curs.fetchone()[0]
|
||||||
|
print " ->", unicode(x, 'latin-1').encode('utf-8'), type(x)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Setting backend encoding to UTF8 and executing queries:"
|
||||||
|
conn.set_client_encoding('UNICODE')
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %s::TEXT AS foo", (u'àèìòù'.encode('utf-8'),))
|
||||||
|
x = curs.fetchone()[0]
|
||||||
|
print " ->", x, type(x)
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %s::TEXT AS foo", (u'àèìòù',))
|
||||||
|
x = curs.fetchone()[0]
|
||||||
|
print " ->", x, type(x)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Using UNICODE typecaster"
|
||||||
|
psycopg2.extensions.register_type(psycopg2.extensions.UNICODE)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Setting backend encoding to LATIN1 and executing queries:"
|
||||||
|
conn.set_client_encoding('LATIN1')
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %s::TEXT AS foo", ('àèìòù',))
|
||||||
|
x = curs.fetchone()[0]
|
||||||
|
print " ->", x.encode('utf-8'), ":", type(x)
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %s::TEXT AS foo", (u'àèìòù',))
|
||||||
|
x = curs.fetchone()[0]
|
||||||
|
print " ->", x.encode('utf-8'), ":", type(x)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Setting backend encoding to UTF8 and executing queries:"
|
||||||
|
conn.set_client_encoding('UNICODE')
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %s::TEXT AS foo", (u'àèìòù'.encode('utf-8'),))
|
||||||
|
x = curs.fetchone()[0]
|
||||||
|
print " ->", x.encode('utf-8'), ":", type(x)
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %s::TEXT AS foo", (u'àèìòù',))
|
||||||
|
x = curs.fetchone()[0]
|
||||||
|
print " ->", x.encode('utf-8'), ":", type(x)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Executing full UNICODE queries"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Setting backend encoding to LATIN1 and executing queries:"
|
||||||
|
conn.set_client_encoding('LATIN1')
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
curs.execute(u"SELECT %s::TEXT AS foo", ('àèìòù',))
|
||||||
|
x = curs.fetchone()[0]
|
||||||
|
print " ->", x.encode('utf-8'), ":", type(x)
|
||||||
|
curs.execute(u"SELECT %s::TEXT AS foo", (u'àèìòù',))
|
||||||
|
x = curs.fetchone()[0]
|
||||||
|
print " ->", x.encode('utf-8'), ":", type(x)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Setting backend encoding to UTF8 and executing queries:"
|
||||||
|
conn.set_client_encoding('UNICODE')
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
curs.execute(u"SELECT %s::TEXT AS foo", (u'àèìòù'.encode('utf-8'),))
|
||||||
|
x = curs.fetchone()[0]
|
||||||
|
print " ->", x.encode('utf-8'), ":", type(x)
|
||||||
|
curs.execute(u"SELECT %s::TEXT AS foo", (u'àèìòù',))
|
||||||
|
x = curs.fetchone()[0]
|
||||||
|
print " ->", x.encode('utf-8'), ":", type(x)
|
80
examples/fetch.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
|
||||||
|
# fetch.py -- example about declaring cursors
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2001-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## put in DSN your DSN string
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
DSN = 'dbname=test'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## don't modify anything below tis line (except for experimenting)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import sys
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
|
||||||
|
DSN = sys.argv[1]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Opening connection using dns:", DSN
|
||||||
|
conn = psycopg2.connect(DSN)
|
||||||
|
print "Encoding for this connection is", conn.encoding
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("CREATE TABLE test_fetch (val int4)")
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("DROP TABLE test_fetch")
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("CREATE TABLE test_fetch (val int4)")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# we use this function to format the output
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def flatten(l):
|
||||||
|
"""Flattens list of tuples l."""
|
||||||
|
return map(lambda x: x[0], l)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# insert 20 rows in the table
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for i in range(20):
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("INSERT INTO test_fetch VALUES(%s)", (i,))
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# does some nice tricks with the transaction and postgres cursors
|
||||||
|
# (remember to always commit or rollback before a DECLARE)
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# we don't need to DECLARE ourselves, psycopg now support named
|
||||||
|
# cursors (but we leave the code here, comments, as an example of
|
||||||
|
# what psycopg is doing under the hood)
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
#curs.execute("DECLARE crs CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM test_fetch")
|
||||||
|
#curs.execute("FETCH 10 FROM crs")
|
||||||
|
#print "First 10 rows:", flatten(curs.fetchall())
|
||||||
|
#curs.execute("MOVE -5 FROM crs")
|
||||||
|
#print "Moved back cursor by 5 rows (to row 5.)"
|
||||||
|
#curs.execute("FETCH 10 FROM crs")
|
||||||
|
#print "Another 10 rows:", flatten(curs.fetchall())
|
||||||
|
#curs.execute("FETCH 10 FROM crs")
|
||||||
|
#print "The remaining rows:", flatten(curs.fetchall())
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ncurs = conn.cursor("crs")
|
||||||
|
ncurs.execute("SELECT * FROM test_fetch")
|
||||||
|
print "First 10 rows:", flatten(ncurs.fetchmany(10))
|
||||||
|
ncurs.scroll(-5)
|
||||||
|
print "Moved back cursor by 5 rows (to row 5.)"
|
||||||
|
print "Another 10 rows:", flatten(ncurs.fetchmany(10))
|
||||||
|
print "Another one:", list(ncurs.fetchone())
|
||||||
|
print "The remaining rows:", flatten(ncurs.fetchall())
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("DROP TABLE test_fetch")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
59
examples/lastrowid.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
|
||||||
|
# lastrowid.py - example of using .lastrowid attribute
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2001-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## put in DSN your DSN string
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
DSN = 'dbname=test'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## don't modify anything below tis line (except for experimenting)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import sys, psycopg2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
|
||||||
|
DSN = sys.argv[1]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Opening connection using dns:", DSN
|
||||||
|
conn = psycopg2.connect(DSN)
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
try:
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("CREATE TABLE test_oid (name text, surname text)")
|
||||||
|
except:
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("DROP TABLE test_oid")
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("CREATE TABLE test_oid (name text, surname text)")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
data = ({'name':'Federico', 'surname':'Di Gregorio'},
|
||||||
|
{'name':'Pierluigi', 'surname':'Di Nunzio'})
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("""INSERT INTO test_oid
|
||||||
|
VALUES (%(name)s, %(surname)s)""", data[0])
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
foid = curs.lastrowid
|
||||||
|
print "Oid for %(name)s %(surname)s" % data[0], "is", foid
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("""INSERT INTO test_oid
|
||||||
|
VALUES (%(name)s, %(surname)s)""", data[1])
|
||||||
|
moid = curs.lastrowid
|
||||||
|
print "Oid for %(name)s %(surname)s" % data[1], "is", moid
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT * FROM test_oid WHERE oid = %s", (foid,))
|
||||||
|
print "Oid", foid, "selected %s %s" % curs.fetchone()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT * FROM test_oid WHERE oid = %s", (moid,))
|
||||||
|
print "Oid", moid, "selected %s %s" % curs.fetchone()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("DROP TABLE test_oid")
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
91
examples/lobject.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
|
||||||
|
# lobject.py - lobject example
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2001-2006 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
|
||||||
|
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
|
||||||
|
# Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
|
||||||
|
# version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
|
||||||
|
# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTIBILITY
|
||||||
|
# or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||||
|
# for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## put in DSN your DSN string
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
DSN = 'dbname=test'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## don't modify anything below this line (except for experimenting)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import sys
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
|
||||||
|
DSN = sys.argv[1]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Opening connection using dns:", DSN
|
||||||
|
conn = psycopg2.connect(DSN)
|
||||||
|
print "Encoding for this connection is", conn.encoding
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# this will create a large object with a new random oid, we'll
|
||||||
|
# use it to make some basic tests about read/write and seek.
|
||||||
|
lobj = conn.lobject()
|
||||||
|
loid = lobj.oid
|
||||||
|
print "Created a new large object with oid", loid
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Manually importing some binary data into the object:"
|
||||||
|
data = open("somehackers.jpg").read()
|
||||||
|
len = lobj.write(data)
|
||||||
|
print " imported", len, "bytes of data"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Trying to (re)open large object with oid", loid
|
||||||
|
lobj = conn.lobject(loid)
|
||||||
|
print "Manually exporting the data from the lobject:"
|
||||||
|
data1 = lobj.read()
|
||||||
|
len = lobj.tell()
|
||||||
|
lobj.seek(0, 0)
|
||||||
|
data2 = lobj.read()
|
||||||
|
if data1 != data2:
|
||||||
|
print "ERROR: read after seek returned different data"
|
||||||
|
open("somehackers_lobject1.jpg", 'wb').write(data1)
|
||||||
|
print " written", len, "bytes of data to somehackers_lobject1.jpg"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
lobj.unlink()
|
||||||
|
print "Large object with oid", loid, "removed"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# now we try to use the import and export functions to do the same
|
||||||
|
lobj = conn.lobject(0, 'n', 0, "somehackers.jpg")
|
||||||
|
loid = lobj.oid
|
||||||
|
print "Imported a new large object with oid", loid
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Trying to (re)open large object with oid", loid
|
||||||
|
lobj = conn.lobject(loid, 'n')
|
||||||
|
print "Using export() to export the data from the large object:"
|
||||||
|
lobj.export("somehackers_lobject2.jpg")
|
||||||
|
print " exported large object to somehackers_lobject2.jpg"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
lobj.unlink()
|
||||||
|
print "Large object with oid", loid, "removed"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
conn.commit()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# this will create a very large object with a new random oid.
|
||||||
|
lobj = conn.lobject()
|
||||||
|
loid = lobj.oid
|
||||||
|
print "Created a new large object with oid", loid
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Manually importing a lot of data into the object:"
|
||||||
|
data = "data" * 1000000
|
||||||
|
len = lobj.write(data)
|
||||||
|
print " imported", len, "bytes of data"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "\nNow try to load the new images, to check it worked!"
|
47
examples/mogrify.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
|
||||||
|
# mogrify.py - test all possible simple type mogrifications
|
||||||
|
# -*- encoding: latin1 -*-
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2004-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details..
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## put in DSN your DSN string
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
DSN = 'dbname=test'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## don't modify anything below this line (except for experimenting)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import sys, psycopg2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
|
||||||
|
DSN = sys.argv[1]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Opening connection using dns:", DSN
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
conn = psycopg2.connect(DSN)
|
||||||
|
print "Encoding for this connection is", conn.encoding
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %(foo)s AS foo", {'foo':'bar'})
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %(foo)s AS foo", {'foo':None})
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %(foo)s AS foo", {'foo':True})
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %(foo)s AS foo", {'foo':42})
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %(foo)s AS foo", {'foo':u'yatt<EFBFBD>!'})
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT %(foo)s AS foo", {'foo':u'bar'})
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print curs.mogrify("SELECT %(foo)s AS foo", {'foo':'bar'})
|
||||||
|
print curs.mogrify("SELECT %(foo)s AS foo", {'foo':None})
|
||||||
|
print curs.mogrify("SELECT %(foo)s AS foo", {'foo':True})
|
||||||
|
print curs.mogrify("SELECT %(foo)s AS foo", {'foo':42})
|
||||||
|
print curs.mogrify("SELECT %(foo)s AS foo", {'foo':u'yatt<EFBFBD>!'})
|
||||||
|
print curs.mogrify("SELECT %(foo)s AS foo", {'foo':u'bar'})
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
conn.rollback()
|
126
examples/myfirstrecipe.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
Using a tuple as a bound variable in "SELECT ... IN (...)" clauses
|
||||||
|
in PostgreSQL using psycopg2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Some time ago someone asked on the psycopg mailing list how to have a
|
||||||
|
bound variable expand to the right SQL for an SELECT IN clause:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
SELECT * FROM atable WHERE afield IN (value1, value2, value3)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
with the values to be used in the IN clause to be passed to the cursor
|
||||||
|
.execute() method in a tuple as a bound variable, i.e.:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
in_values = ("value1", "value2", "value3")
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("SELECT ... IN %s", (in_values,))
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg 1 does support typecasting from Python to PostgreSQL (and back)
|
||||||
|
only for simple types and this problem has no elegant solution (short or
|
||||||
|
writing a wrapper class returning the pre-quoted text in an __str__
|
||||||
|
method.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
But psycopg2 offers a simple and elegant solution by partially
|
||||||
|
implementing the Object Adaptation from PEP 246. psycopg2 moves
|
||||||
|
the type-casting logic into external adapters and a somehow
|
||||||
|
broken adapt() function.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
While the original adapt() takes 3 arguments, psycopg2's one only takes
|
||||||
|
1: the bound variable to be adapted. The result is an object supporting
|
||||||
|
a not-yet well defined protocol that we can call ISQLQuote:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class ISQLQuote:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def getquoted(self):
|
||||||
|
"Returns a quoted string representing the bound variable."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def getbinary(self):
|
||||||
|
"Returns a binary quoted string representing the bound variable."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def getbuffer(self):
|
||||||
|
"Returns the wrapped object itself."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
__str__ = getquoted
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Then one of the functions (usually .getquoted()) is called by psycopg2 at
|
||||||
|
the right time to obtain the right, sql-quoted representation for the
|
||||||
|
corresponding bound variable.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The nice part is that the default, built-in adapters, derived from
|
||||||
|
psycopg 1 tyecasting code can be overridden by the programmer, simply
|
||||||
|
replacing them in the psycopg.extensions.adapters dictionary.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Then the solution to the original problem is now obvious: write an
|
||||||
|
adapter that adapts tuple objects into the right SQL string, by calling
|
||||||
|
recursively adapt() on each element.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg2 development can be tracked on the psycopg mailing list:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
http://lists.initd.org/mailman/listinfo/psycopg
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2001-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2.extensions
|
||||||
|
from psycopg2.extensions import adapt as psycoadapt
|
||||||
|
from psycopg2.extensions import register_adapter
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class AsIs(object):
|
||||||
|
"""An adapter that just return the object 'as is'.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
psycopg 1.99.9 has some optimizations that make impossible to call
|
||||||
|
adapt() without adding some basic adapters externally. This limitation
|
||||||
|
will be lifted in a future release.
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
def __init__(self, obj):
|
||||||
|
self.__obj = obj
|
||||||
|
def getquoted(self):
|
||||||
|
return self.__obj
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class SQL_IN(object):
|
||||||
|
"""Adapt a tuple to an SQL quotable object."""
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def __init__(self, seq):
|
||||||
|
self._seq = seq
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def prepare(self, conn):
|
||||||
|
pass
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def getquoted(self):
|
||||||
|
# this is the important line: note how every object in the
|
||||||
|
# list is adapted and then how getquoted() is called on it
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
qobjs = [str(psycoadapt(o).getquoted()) for o in self._seq]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return '(' + ', '.join(qobjs) + ')'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
__str__ = getquoted
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# add our new adapter class to psycopg list of adapters
|
||||||
|
register_adapter(tuple, SQL_IN)
|
||||||
|
register_adapter(float, AsIs)
|
||||||
|
register_adapter(int, AsIs)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# usually we would call:
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# conn = psycopg.connect("...")
|
||||||
|
# curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
# curs.execute("SELECT ...", (("this", "is", "the", "tuple"),))
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# but we have no connection to a database right now, so we just check
|
||||||
|
# the SQL_IN class by calling psycopg's adapt() directly:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
||||||
|
print "Note how the string will be SQL-quoted, but the number will not:"
|
||||||
|
print psycoadapt(("this is an 'sql quoted' str\\ing", 1, 2.0))
|
44
examples/notify.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
|
||||||
|
# notify.py - example of getting notifies
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# Copyright (C) 2001-2010 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org>
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||||
|
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
|
||||||
|
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||||
|
# (at your option) any later version.
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||||
|
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||||
|
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
|
||||||
|
# License for more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## put in DSN your DSN string
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
DSN = 'dbname=test'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## don't modify anything below tis line (except for experimenting)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import sys
|
||||||
|
import psycopg2
|
||||||
|
import select
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
|
||||||
|
DSN = sys.argv[1]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Opening connection using dns:", DSN
|
||||||
|
conn = psycopg2.connect(DSN)
|
||||||
|
print "Encoding for this connection is", conn.encoding
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
conn.set_isolation_level(0)
|
||||||
|
curs = conn.cursor()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
curs.execute("listen test")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print "Waiting for 'NOTIFY test'"
|
||||||
|
while 1:
|
||||||
|
if select.select([conn],[],[],5)==([],[],[]):
|
||||||
|
print "Timeout"
|
||||||
|
else:
|
||||||
|
conn.poll()
|
||||||
|
while conn.notifies:
|
||||||
|
print "Got NOTIFY:", conn.notifies.pop()
|