Merge branch 'python-pillow:main' into type_comparison

.appveyor.yml

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ build_script:
 
 test_script:
 - cd c:\pillow
-- '%PYTHON%\%EXECUTABLE% -m pip install pytest pytest-cov pytest-timeout defusedxml numpy olefile pyroma'
+- '%PYTHON%\%EXECUTABLE% -m pip install pytest pytest-cov pytest-timeout defusedxml ipython numpy olefile pyroma'
 - c:\"Program Files (x86)"\"Windows Kits"\10\Debuggers\x86\gflags.exe /p /enable %PYTHON%\%EXECUTABLE%
 - '%PYTHON%\%EXECUTABLE% -c "from PIL import Image"'
 - '%PYTHON%\%EXECUTABLE% -m pytest -vx --cov PIL --cov Tests --cov-report term --cov-report xml Tests'

.ci/install.sh

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
 python3 -m pip install --upgrade wheel
 python3 -m pip install coverage
 python3 -m pip install defusedxml
+python3 -m pip install ipython
 python3 -m pip install olefile
 python3 -m pip install -U pytest
 python3 -m pip install -U pytest-cov
@@ -52,10 +53,7 @@ if [[ $(uname) != CYGWIN* ]]; then
     fi
 
     # Pyroma uses non-isolated build and fails with old setuptools
-    if [[
+    if [[ $GHA_PYTHON_VERSION == 3.9 ]]; then
-        $GHA_PYTHON_VERSION == pypy3.9
-        || $GHA_PYTHON_VERSION == 3.9
-    ]]; then
         # To match pyproject.toml
         python3 -m pip install "setuptools>=67.8"
     fi

.ci/requirements-cibw.txt

@@ -1 +1 @@
-cibuildwheel==2.19.2
+cibuildwheel==2.20.0

.ci/requirements-mypy.txt

@@ -1 +1,12 @@
-mypy==1.11.0
+mypy==1.11.2
+IceSpringPySideStubs-PyQt6
+IceSpringPySideStubs-PySide6
+ipython
+numpy
+packaging
+pytest
+sphinx
+types-atheris
+types-defusedxml
+types-olefile
+types-setuptools

.github/workflows/macos-install.sh

@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
 
 set -e
 
+if [[ "$ImageOS" == "macos13" ]]; then
+    brew uninstall gradle maven
+fi
 brew install \
     freetype \
     ghostscript \
@@ -20,6 +23,7 @@ export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/openblas/lib/pkgconfig"
 
 python3 -m pip install coverage
 python3 -m pip install defusedxml
+python3 -m pip install ipython
 python3 -m pip install olefile
 python3 -m pip install -U pytest
 python3 -m pip install -U pytest-cov

.github/workflows/test-cygwin.yml

@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ jobs:
             perl
             python3${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}-cython
             python3${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}-devel
+            python3${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}-ipython
             python3${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}-numpy
             python3${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}-sip
             python3${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}-tkinter

.github/workflows/test-windows.yml

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        python-version: ["pypy3.10", "pypy3.9", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"]
+        python-version: ["pypy3.10", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"]
 
     timeout-minutes: 30
 
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ jobs:
         echo "C:\Program Files\NASM" >> $env:GITHUB_PATH
 
         choco install ghostscript --version=10.3.1 --no-progress
-        echo "C:\Program Files\gs\gs10.00.0\bin" >> $env:GITHUB_PATH
+        echo "C:\Program Files\gs\gs10.03.1\bin" >> $env:GITHUB_PATH
 
         # Install extra test images
         xcopy /S /Y Tests\test-images\* Tests\images

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ jobs:
         ]
         python-version: [
           "pypy3.10",
-          "pypy3.9",
           "3.13",
           "3.12",
           "3.11",

.github/workflows/wheels.yml

@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         python-version:
-          - pp39
           - pp310
           - cp3{9,10,11}
           - cp3{12,13}
@@ -57,7 +56,6 @@ jobs:
           - manylinux_2_28
           - musllinux
         exclude:
-          - { python-version: pp39, spec: musllinux }
           - { python-version: pp310, spec: musllinux }
 
     steps:

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.5.0
+    rev: v0.6.3
     hooks:
       - id: ruff
         args: [--exit-non-zero-on-fix]
 
   - repo: https://github.com/psf/black-pre-commit-mirror
-    rev: 24.4.2
+    rev: 24.8.0
     hooks:
       - id: black
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ repos:
         exclude: ^.github/.*TEMPLATE|^Tests/(fonts|images)/
 
   - repo: https://github.com/python-jsonschema/check-jsonschema
-    rev: 0.28.6
+    rev: 0.29.2
     hooks:
       - id: check-github-workflows
       - id: check-readthedocs
@@ -62,12 +62,12 @@ repos:
       - id: sphinx-lint
 
   - repo: https://github.com/tox-dev/pyproject-fmt
-    rev: 2.1.3
+    rev: 2.2.1
     hooks:
       - id: pyproject-fmt
 
   - repo: https://github.com/abravalheri/validate-pyproject
-    rev: v0.18
+    rev: v0.19
     hooks:
       - id: validate-pyproject
 

CHANGES.rst

@@ -5,6 +5,36 @@ Changelog (Pillow)
 11.0.0 (unreleased)
 -------------------
 
+- Treat unknown JPEG2000 colorspace as unspecified #8343
+  [radarhere]
+
+- Updated error message when saving WebP with invalid width or height #8322
+  [radarhere, hugovk]
+
+- Remove warning if NumPy failed to raise an error during conversion #8326
+  [radarhere]
+
+- If left and right sides meet in ImageDraw.rounded_rectangle(), do not draw rectangle to fill gap #8304
+  [radarhere]
+
+- Remove WebP support without anim, mux/demux, and with buggy alpha #8213
+  [homm, radarhere]
+
+- Add missing TIFF CMYK;16B reader #8298
+  [homm]
+
+- Remove all WITH_* flags from _imaging.c and other flags #8211
+  [homm]
+
+- Improve ImageDraw2 shape methods #8265
+  [radarhere]
+
+- Lock around usages of imaging memory arenas #8238
+  [lysnikolaou]
+
+- Deprecate JpegImageFile huffman_ac and huffman_dc #8274
+  [radarhere]
+
 - Deprecate ImageMath lambda_eval and unsafe_eval options argument #8242
   [radarhere]
 

Tests/oss-fuzz/fuzz_font.py

@@ -16,8 +16,9 @@
 
 
 import atheris
+from atheris.import_hook import instrument_imports
 
-with atheris.instrument_imports():
+with instrument_imports():
     import sys
 
     import fuzzers

Tests/oss-fuzz/fuzz_pillow.py

@@ -14,8 +14,9 @@
 
 
 import atheris
+from atheris.import_hook import instrument_imports
 
-with atheris.instrument_imports():
+with instrument_imports():
     import sys
 
     import fuzzers

Tests/oss-fuzz/python.supp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
-   <py3_8_encode_current_locale>
+   <py3_10_encode_current_locale>
    Memcheck:Cond
    ...
    fun:encode_current_locale

Tests/test_box_blur.py

@@ -71,6 +71,11 @@ def test_color_modes() -> None:
         box_blur(sample.convert("YCbCr"))
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("size", ((0, 1), (1, 0)))
+def test_zero_dimension(size: tuple[int, int]) -> None:
+    assert box_blur(Image.new("L", size)).size == size
+
+
 def test_radius_0() -> None:
     assert_blur(
         sample,

Tests/test_color_lut.py

@@ -105,91 +105,65 @@ class TestColorLut3DCoreAPI:
         with pytest.raises(TypeError):
             im.im.color_lut_3d("RGB", Image.Resampling.BILINEAR, 3, 2, 2, 2, 16)
 
-    def test_correct_args(self) -> None:
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "lut_mode, table_channels, table_size",
+        [
+            ("RGB", 3, 3),
+            ("CMYK", 4, 3),
+            ("RGB", 3, (2, 3, 3)),
+            ("RGB", 3, (65, 3, 3)),
+            ("RGB", 3, (3, 65, 3)),
+            ("RGB", 3, (2, 3, 65)),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_correct_args(
+        self, lut_mode: str, table_channels: int, table_size: int | tuple[int, int, int]
+    ) -> None:
         im = Image.new("RGB", (10, 10), 0)
-
         im.im.color_lut_3d(
-            "RGB", Image.Resampling.BILINEAR, *self.generate_identity_table(3, 3)
+            lut_mode,
-        )
-
-        im.im.color_lut_3d(
-            "CMYK", Image.Resampling.BILINEAR, *self.generate_identity_table(4, 3)
-        )
-
-        im.im.color_lut_3d(
-            "RGB",
             Image.Resampling.BILINEAR,
-            *self.generate_identity_table(3, (2, 3, 3)),
+            *self.generate_identity_table(table_channels, table_size),
         )
 
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "image_mode, lut_mode, table_channels, table_size",
+        [
+            ("L", "RGB", 3, 3),
+            ("RGB", "L", 3, 3),
+            ("L", "L", 3, 3),
+            ("RGB", "RGBA", 3, 3),
+            ("RGB", "RGB", 4, 3),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_wrong_mode(
+        self, image_mode: str, lut_mode: str, table_channels: int, table_size: int
+    ) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="wrong mode"):
+            im = Image.new(image_mode, (10, 10), 0)
             im.im.color_lut_3d(
-            "RGB",
+                lut_mode,
                 Image.Resampling.BILINEAR,
-            *self.generate_identity_table(3, (65, 3, 3)),
+                *self.generate_identity_table(table_channels, table_size),
             )
 
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "image_mode, lut_mode, table_channels, table_size",
+        [
+            ("RGBA", "RGBA", 3, 3),
+            ("RGBA", "RGBA", 4, 3),
+            ("RGB", "HSV", 3, 3),
+            ("RGB", "RGBA", 4, 3),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_correct_mode(
+        self, image_mode: str, lut_mode: str, table_channels: int, table_size: int
+    ) -> None:
+        im = Image.new(image_mode, (10, 10), 0)
         im.im.color_lut_3d(
-            "RGB",
+            lut_mode,
             Image.Resampling.BILINEAR,
-            *self.generate_identity_table(3, (3, 65, 3)),
+            *self.generate_identity_table(table_channels, table_size),
-        )
-
-        im.im.color_lut_3d(
-            "RGB",
-            Image.Resampling.BILINEAR,
-            *self.generate_identity_table(3, (3, 3, 65)),
-        )
-
-    def test_wrong_mode(self) -> None:
-        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="wrong mode"):
-            im = Image.new("L", (10, 10), 0)
-            im.im.color_lut_3d(
-                "RGB", Image.Resampling.BILINEAR, *self.generate_identity_table(3, 3)
-            )
-
-        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="wrong mode"):
-            im = Image.new("RGB", (10, 10), 0)
-            im.im.color_lut_3d(
-                "L", Image.Resampling.BILINEAR, *self.generate_identity_table(3, 3)
-            )
-
-        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="wrong mode"):
-            im = Image.new("L", (10, 10), 0)
-            im.im.color_lut_3d(
-                "L", Image.Resampling.BILINEAR, *self.generate_identity_table(3, 3)
-            )
-
-        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="wrong mode"):
-            im = Image.new("RGB", (10, 10), 0)
-            im.im.color_lut_3d(
-                "RGBA", Image.Resampling.BILINEAR, *self.generate_identity_table(3, 3)
-            )
-
-        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="wrong mode"):
-            im = Image.new("RGB", (10, 10), 0)
-            im.im.color_lut_3d(
-                "RGB", Image.Resampling.BILINEAR, *self.generate_identity_table(4, 3)
-            )
-
-    def test_correct_mode(self) -> None:
-        im = Image.new("RGBA", (10, 10), 0)
-        im.im.color_lut_3d(
-            "RGBA", Image.Resampling.BILINEAR, *self.generate_identity_table(3, 3)
-        )
-
-        im = Image.new("RGBA", (10, 10), 0)
-        im.im.color_lut_3d(
-            "RGBA", Image.Resampling.BILINEAR, *self.generate_identity_table(4, 3)
-        )
-
-        im = Image.new("RGB", (10, 10), 0)
-        im.im.color_lut_3d(
-            "HSV", Image.Resampling.BILINEAR, *self.generate_identity_table(3, 3)
-        )
-
-        im = Image.new("RGB", (10, 10), 0)
-        im.im.color_lut_3d(
-            "RGBA", Image.Resampling.BILINEAR, *self.generate_identity_table(4, 3)
         )
 
     def test_identities(self) -> None:

Tests/test_features.py

@@ -10,11 +10,6 @@ from PIL import features
 
 from .helper import skip_unless_feature
 
-try:
-    from PIL import _webp
-except ImportError:
-    pass
-
 
 def test_check() -> None:
     # Check the correctness of the convenience function
@@ -23,6 +18,10 @@ def test_check() -> None:
     for codec in features.codecs:
         assert features.check_codec(codec) == features.check(codec)
     for feature in features.features:
+        if "webp" in feature:
+            with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):
+                assert features.check_feature(feature) == features.check(feature)
+        else:
             assert features.check_feature(feature) == features.check(feature)
 
 
@@ -48,23 +47,26 @@ def test_version() -> None:
     for codec in features.codecs:
         test(codec, features.version_codec)
     for feature in features.features:
+        if "webp" in feature:
+            with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):
+                test(feature, features.version_feature)
+        else:
             test(feature, features.version_feature)
 
 
-@skip_unless_feature("webp")
 def test_webp_transparency() -> None:
-    assert features.check("transp_webp") != _webp.WebPDecoderBuggyAlpha()
+    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):
-    assert features.check("transp_webp") == _webp.HAVE_TRANSPARENCY
+        assert features.check("transp_webp") == features.check_module("webp")
 
 
-@skip_unless_feature("webp")
 def test_webp_mux() -> None:
-    assert features.check("webp_mux") == _webp.HAVE_WEBPMUX
+    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):
+        assert features.check("webp_mux") == features.check_module("webp")
 
 
-@skip_unless_feature("webp")
 def test_webp_anim() -> None:
-    assert features.check("webp_anim") == _webp.HAVE_WEBPANIM
+    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):
+        assert features.check("webp_anim") == features.check_module("webp")
 
 
 @skip_unless_feature("libjpeg_turbo")

Tests/test_file_dds.py

@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ def test_sanity_ati2_bc5u(image_path: str) -> None:
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    ("image_path", "expected_path"),
+    "image_path, expected_path",
     (
         # hexeditted to be typeless
         (TEST_FILE_DX10_BC5_TYPELESS, TEST_FILE_DX10_BC5_UNORM),
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ def test_dx10_r8g8b8a8_unorm_srgb() -> None:
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    ("mode", "size", "test_file"),
+    "mode, size, test_file",
     [
         ("L", (128, 128), TEST_FILE_UNCOMPRESSED_L),
         ("LA", (128, 128), TEST_FILE_UNCOMPRESSED_L_WITH_ALPHA),
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ def test_save_unsupported_mode(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    ("mode", "test_file"),
+    "mode, test_file",
     [
         ("L", "Tests/images/linear_gradient.png"),
         ("LA", "Tests/images/uncompressed_la.png"),

Tests/test_file_eps.py

@@ -80,9 +80,7 @@ simple_eps_file_with_long_binary_data = (
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_GHOSTSCRIPT, reason="Ghostscript not available")
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("filename, size", ((FILE1, (460, 352)), (FILE2, (360, 252))))
-    ("filename", "size"), ((FILE1, (460, 352)), (FILE2, (360, 252)))
-)
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("scale", (1, 2))
 def test_sanity(filename: str, size: tuple[int, int], scale: int) -> None:
     expected_size = tuple(s * scale for s in size)

Tests/test_file_gif.py

@@ -978,7 +978,7 @@ def test_webp_background(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     out = str(tmp_path / "temp.gif")
 
     # Test opaque WebP background
-    if features.check("webp") and features.check("webp_anim"):
+    if features.check("webp"):
         with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.webp") as im:
             assert im.info["background"] == (255, 255, 255, 255)
             im.save(out)
@@ -1378,8 +1378,24 @@ def test_lzw_bits() -> None:
         im.load()
 
 
-def test_extents() -> None:
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    with Image.open("Tests/images/test_extents.gif") as im:
+    "test_file, loading_strategy",
+    (
+        ("test_extents.gif", GifImagePlugin.LoadingStrategy.RGB_AFTER_FIRST),
+        (
+            "test_extents.gif",
+            GifImagePlugin.LoadingStrategy.RGB_AFTER_DIFFERENT_PALETTE_ONLY,
+        ),
+        (
+            "test_extents_transparency.gif",
+            GifImagePlugin.LoadingStrategy.RGB_AFTER_FIRST,
+        ),
+    ),
+)
+def test_extents(test_file, loading_strategy) -> None:
+    GifImagePlugin.LOADING_STRATEGY = loading_strategy
+    try:
+        with Image.open("Tests/images/" + test_file) as im:
             assert im.size == (100, 100)
 
             # Check that n_frames does not change the size
@@ -1389,6 +1405,11 @@ def test_extents() -> None:
             im.seek(1)
             assert im.size == (150, 150)
 
+            im.load()
+            assert im.im.size == (150, 150)
+    finally:
+        GifImagePlugin.LOADING_STRATEGY = GifImagePlugin.LoadingStrategy.RGB_AFTER_FIRST
+
 
 def test_missing_background() -> None:
     # The Global Color Table Flag isn't set, so there is no background color index,

Tests/test_file_ico.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
 
-from PIL import IcoImagePlugin, Image, ImageDraw
+from PIL import IcoImagePlugin, Image, ImageDraw, ImageFile
 
 from .helper import assert_image_equal, assert_image_equal_tofile, hopper
 
@@ -241,3 +241,29 @@ def test_draw_reloaded(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
 
     with Image.open(outfile) as im:
         assert_image_equal_tofile(im, "Tests/images/hopper_draw.ico")
+
+
+def test_truncated_mask() -> None:
+    # 1 bpp
+    with open("Tests/images/hopper_mask.ico", "rb") as fp:
+        data = fp.read()
+
+    ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES = True
+    data = data[:-3]
+
+    try:
+        with Image.open(io.BytesIO(data)) as im:
+            with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper_mask.png") as expected:
+                assert im.mode == "1"
+
+        # 32 bpp
+        output = io.BytesIO()
+        expected = hopper("RGBA")
+        expected.save(output, "ico", bitmap_format="bmp")
+
+        data = output.getvalue()[:-1]
+
+        with Image.open(io.BytesIO(data)) as im:
+            assert im.mode == "RGB"
+    finally:
+        ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES = False

Tests/test_file_iptc.py

@@ -77,6 +77,16 @@ def test_getiptcinfo_zero_padding() -> None:
     assert len(iptc) == 3
 
 
+def test_getiptcinfo_tiff() -> None:
+    # Arrange
+    with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.Lab.tif") as im:
+        # Act
+        iptc = IptcImagePlugin.getiptcinfo(im)
+
+    # Assert
+    assert iptc == {(1, 90): b"\x1b%G", (2, 0): b"\xcf\xc0"}
+
+
 def test_getiptcinfo_tiff_none() -> None:
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.tif") as im:

Tests/test_file_jpeg.py

@@ -991,6 +991,21 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
             else:
                 assert im.getxmp() == {"xmpmeta": None}
 
+    def test_save_xmp(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+        f = str(tmp_path / "temp.jpg")
+        im = hopper()
+        im.save(f, xmp=b"XMP test")
+        with Image.open(f) as reloaded:
+            assert reloaded.info["xmp"] == b"XMP test"
+
+        im.info["xmp"] = b"1" * 65504
+        im.save(f)
+        with Image.open(f) as reloaded:
+            assert reloaded.info["xmp"] == b"1" * 65504
+
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            im.save(f, xmp=b"1" * 65505)
+
     @pytest.mark.timeout(timeout=1)
     def test_eof(self) -> None:
         # Even though this decoder never says that it is finished
@@ -1019,13 +1034,16 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
 
         # SOI, EOI
         for marker in b"\xff\xd8", b"\xff\xd9":
-            assert marker in data[1] and marker in data[2]
+            assert marker in data[1]
+            assert marker in data[2]
         # DHT, DQT
         for marker in b"\xff\xc4", b"\xff\xdb":
-            assert marker in data[1] and marker not in data[2]
+            assert marker in data[1]
+            assert marker not in data[2]
         # SOF0, SOS, APP0 (JFIF header)
         for marker in b"\xff\xc0", b"\xff\xda", b"\xff\xe0":
-            assert marker not in data[1] and marker in data[2]
+            assert marker not in data[1]
+            assert marker in data[2]
 
         with Image.open(BytesIO(data[0])) as interchange_im:
             with Image.open(BytesIO(data[1] + data[2])) as combined_im:
@@ -1045,6 +1063,13 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
 
         assert im._repr_jpeg_() is None
 
+    def test_deprecation(self) -> None:
+        with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
+            with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):
+                assert im.huffman_ac == {}
+            with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):
+                assert im.huffman_dc == {}
+
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(not is_win32(), reason="Windows only")
 @skip_unless_feature("jpg")

Tests/test_file_jpeg2k.py

@@ -182,6 +182,15 @@ def test_restricted_icc_profile() -> None:
         ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES = False
 
 
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    not os.path.exists(EXTRA_DIR), reason="Extra image files not installed"
+)
+def test_unknown_colorspace() -> None:
+    with Image.open(f"{EXTRA_DIR}/file8.jp2") as im:
+        im.load()
+        assert im.mode == "L"
+
+
 def test_header_errors() -> None:
     for path in (
         "Tests/images/invalid_header_length.jp2",
@@ -233,7 +242,7 @@ def test_layers() -> None:
         ("foo.jp2", {"no_jp2": True}, 0, b"\xff\x4f"),
         ("foo.j2k", {"no_jp2": False}, 0, b"\xff\x4f"),
         ("foo.jp2", {"no_jp2": False}, 4, b"jP"),
-        ("foo.jp2", {"no_jp2": False}, 4, b"jP"),
+        (None, {"no_jp2": False}, 4, b"jP"),
     ),
 )
 def test_no_jp2(name: str, args: dict[str, bool], offset: int, data: bytes) -> None:
@@ -391,6 +400,13 @@ def test_pclr() -> None:
         assert len(im.palette.colors) == 256
         assert im.palette.colors[(255, 255, 255)] == 0
 
+    with Image.open(
+        f"{EXTRA_DIR}/147af3f1083de4393666b7d99b01b58b_signal_sigsegv_130c531_6155_5136.jp2"
+    ) as im:
+        assert im.mode == "P"
+        assert len(im.palette.colors) == 139
+        assert im.palette.colors[(0, 0, 0, 0)] == 0
+
 
 def test_comment() -> None:
     with Image.open("Tests/images/comment.jp2") as im:

Tests/test_file_ppm.py

@@ -95,7 +95,9 @@ def test_16bit_pgm_write(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     with Image.open("Tests/images/16_bit_binary.pgm") as im:
         filename = str(tmp_path / "temp.pgm")
         im.save(filename, "PPM")
+        assert_image_equal_tofile(im, filename)
 
+        im.convert("I;16").save(filename, "PPM")
         assert_image_equal_tofile(im, filename)
 
 

Tests/test_file_tiff.py

@@ -684,6 +684,13 @@ class TestFileTiff:
             with Image.open(outfile) as reloaded:
                 assert_image_equal_tofile(reloaded, infile)
 
+    def test_invalid_tiled_dimensions(self) -> None:
+        with open("Tests/images/tiff_tiled_planar_raw.tif", "rb") as fp:
+            data = fp.read()
+        b = BytesIO(data[:144] + b"\x02" + data[145:])
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            Image.open(b)
+
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("mode", ("P", "PA"))
     def test_palette(self, mode: str, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         outfile = str(tmp_path / "temp.tif")

Tests/test_file_webp.py

@@ -48,8 +48,6 @@ class TestFileWebp:
         self.rgb_mode = "RGB"
 
     def test_version(self) -> None:
-        _webp.WebPDecoderVersion()
-        _webp.WebPDecoderBuggyAlpha()
         version = features.version_module("webp")
         assert version is not None
         assert re.search(r"\d+\.\d+\.\d+$", version)
@@ -117,7 +115,6 @@ class TestFileWebp:
         hopper().save(buffer_method, format="WEBP", method=6)
         assert buffer_no_args.getbuffer() != buffer_method.getbuffer()
 
-    @skip_unless_feature("webp_anim")
     def test_save_all(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         temp_file = str(tmp_path / "temp.webp")
         im = Image.new("RGB", (1, 1))
@@ -132,7 +129,6 @@ class TestFileWebp:
 
     def test_icc_profile(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         self._roundtrip(tmp_path, self.rgb_mode, 12.5, {"icc_profile": None})
-        if _webp.HAVE_WEBPANIM:
         self._roundtrip(
             tmp_path, self.rgb_mode, 12.5, {"icc_profile": None, "save_all": True}
         )
@@ -161,27 +157,32 @@ class TestFileWebp:
             im.save(temp_file, method=0)
         assert str(e.value) == "encoding error 6"
 
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.maxsize <= 2**32, reason="Requires 64-bit system")
+    def test_write_encoding_error_bad_dimension(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+        temp_file = str(tmp_path / "temp.webp")
+        im = Image.new("L", (16384, 16384))
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError) as e:
+            im.save(temp_file)
+        assert (
+            str(e.value)
+            == "encoding error 5: Image size exceeds WebP limit of 16383 pixels"
+        )
+
     def test_WebPEncode_with_invalid_args(self) -> None:
         """
         Calling encoder functions with no arguments should result in an error.
         """
-
-        if _webp.HAVE_WEBPANIM:
         with pytest.raises(TypeError):
             _webp.WebPAnimEncoder()
         with pytest.raises(TypeError):
             _webp.WebPEncode()
 
-    def test_WebPDecode_with_invalid_args(self) -> None:
+    def test_WebPAnimDecoder_with_invalid_args(self) -> None:
         """
         Calling decoder functions with no arguments should result in an error.
         """
-
-        if _webp.HAVE_WEBPANIM:
         with pytest.raises(TypeError):
             _webp.WebPAnimDecoder()
-        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
-            _webp.WebPDecode()
 
     def test_no_resource_warning(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         file_path = "Tests/images/hopper.webp"
@@ -200,7 +201,6 @@ class TestFileWebp:
         "background",
         (0, (0,), (-1, 0, 1, 2), (253, 254, 255, 256)),
     )
-    @skip_unless_feature("webp_anim")
     def test_invalid_background(
         self, background: int | tuple[int, ...], tmp_path: Path
     ) -> None:
@@ -209,7 +209,6 @@ class TestFileWebp:
         with pytest.raises(OSError):
             im.save(temp_file, save_all=True, append_images=[im], background=background)
 
-    @skip_unless_feature("webp_anim")
     def test_background_from_gif(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         # Save L mode GIF with background
         with Image.open("Tests/images/no_palette_with_background.gif") as im:
@@ -234,7 +233,6 @@ class TestFileWebp:
         difference = sum(abs(original_value[i] - reread_value[i]) for i in range(0, 3))
         assert difference < 5
 
-    @skip_unless_feature("webp_anim")
     def test_duration(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/dispose_bgnd.gif") as im:
             assert im.info["duration"] == 1000
@@ -250,6 +248,7 @@ class TestFileWebp:
         temp_file = str(tmp_path / "temp.webp")
         im = Image.new("RGBA", (1, 1)).convert("P")
         assert im.mode == "P"
+        assert im.palette is not None
         assert im.palette.mode == "RGBA"
         im.save(temp_file)
 

Tests/test_file_webp_alpha.py

@@ -13,12 +13,7 @@ from .helper import (
     hopper,
 )
 
-_webp = pytest.importorskip("PIL._webp", reason="WebP support not installed")
+pytest.importorskip("PIL._webp", reason="WebP support not installed")
-
-
-def setup_module() -> None:
-    if _webp.WebPDecoderBuggyAlpha():
-        pytest.skip("Buggy early version of WebP installed, not testing transparency")
 
 
 def test_read_rgba() -> None:
@@ -81,9 +76,6 @@ def test_write_rgba(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     pil_image = Image.new("RGBA", (10, 10), (255, 0, 0, 20))
     pil_image.save(temp_file)
 
-    if _webp.WebPDecoderBuggyAlpha():
-        return
-
     with Image.open(temp_file) as image:
         image.load()
 
@@ -93,11 +85,6 @@ def test_write_rgba(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         image.load()
         image.getdata()
 
-        # Early versions of WebP are known to produce higher deviations:
-        # deal with it
-        if _webp.WebPDecoderVersion() <= 0x201:
-            assert_image_similar(image, pil_image, 3.0)
-        else:
         assert_image_similar(image, pil_image, 1.0)
 
 

Tests/test_file_webp_animated.py

@@ -15,10 +15,7 @@ from .helper import (
     skip_unless_feature,
 )
 
-pytestmark = [
+pytestmark = skip_unless_feature("webp")
-    skip_unless_feature("webp"),
-    skip_unless_feature("webp_anim"),
-]
 
 
 def test_n_frames() -> None:

Tests/test_file_webp_lossless.py

@@ -8,14 +8,11 @@ from PIL import Image
 
 from .helper import assert_image_equal, hopper
 
-_webp = pytest.importorskip("PIL._webp", reason="WebP support not installed")
+pytest.importorskip("PIL._webp", reason="WebP support not installed")
 RGB_MODE = "RGB"
 
 
 def test_write_lossless_rgb(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
-    if _webp.WebPDecoderVersion() < 0x0200:
-        pytest.skip("lossless not included")
-
     temp_file = str(tmp_path / "temp.webp")
 
     hopper(RGB_MODE).save(temp_file, lossless=True)

Tests/test_file_webp_metadata.py

@@ -10,10 +10,7 @@ from PIL import Image
 
 from .helper import mark_if_feature_version, skip_unless_feature
 
-pytestmark = [
+pytestmark = skip_unless_feature("webp")
-    skip_unless_feature("webp"),
-    skip_unless_feature("webp_mux"),
-]
 
 ElementTree: ModuleType | None
 try:
@@ -119,7 +116,15 @@ def test_read_no_exif() -> None:
 def test_getxmp() -> None:
     with Image.open("Tests/images/flower.webp") as im:
         assert "xmp" not in im.info
-        assert im.getxmp() == {}
+        if ElementTree is None:
+            with pytest.warns(
+                UserWarning,
+                match="XMP data cannot be read without defusedxml dependency",
+            ):
+                xmp = im.getxmp()
+        else:
+            xmp = im.getxmp()
+        assert xmp == {}
 
     with Image.open("Tests/images/flower2.webp") as im:
         if ElementTree is None:
@@ -136,7 +141,6 @@ def test_getxmp() -> None:
             )
 
 
-@skip_unless_feature("webp_anim")
 def test_write_animated_metadata(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     iccp_data = b"<iccp_data>"
     exif_data = b"<exif_data>"

Tests/test_image.py

@@ -42,6 +42,12 @@ try:
 except ImportError:
     ElementTree = None
 
+PrettyPrinter: type | None
+try:
+    from IPython.lib.pretty import PrettyPrinter
+except ImportError:
+    PrettyPrinter = None
+
 
 # Deprecation helper
 def helper_image_new(mode: str, size: tuple[int, int]) -> Image.Image:
@@ -91,16 +97,15 @@ class TestImage:
         # with pytest.raises(MemoryError):
         #   Image.new("L", (1000000, 1000000))
 
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(PrettyPrinter is None, reason="IPython is not installed")
     def test_repr_pretty(self) -> None:
-        class Pretty:
-            def text(self, text: str) -> None:
-                self.pretty_output = text
-
         im = Image.new("L", (100, 100))
 
-        p = Pretty()
+        output = io.StringIO()
+        assert PrettyPrinter is not None
+        p = PrettyPrinter(output)
         im._repr_pretty_(p, False)
-        assert p.pretty_output == "<PIL.Image.Image image mode=L size=100x100>"
+        assert output.getvalue() == "<PIL.Image.Image image mode=L size=100x100>"
 
     def test_open_formats(self) -> None:
         PNGFILE = "Tests/images/hopper.png"
@@ -700,6 +705,7 @@ class TestImage:
             assert new_image.size == image.size
             assert new_image.info == base_image.info
             if palette_result is not None:
+                assert new_image.palette is not None
                 assert new_image.palette.tobytes() == palette_result.tobytes()
             else:
                 assert new_image.palette is None
@@ -769,6 +775,14 @@ class TestImage:
         exif.load(b"Exif\x00\x00")
         assert not dict(exif)
 
+    def test_empty_get_ifd(self) -> None:
+        exif = Image.Exif()
+        ifd = exif.get_ifd(0x8769)
+        assert ifd == {}
+
+        ifd[36864] = b"0220"
+        assert exif.get_ifd(0x8769) == {36864: b"0220"}
+
     @mark_if_feature_version(
         pytest.mark.valgrind_known_error, "libjpeg_turbo", "2.0", reason="Known Failing"
     )
@@ -817,7 +831,6 @@ class TestImage:
             assert reloaded_exif[305] == "Pillow test"
 
     @skip_unless_feature("webp")
-    @skip_unless_feature("webp_anim")
     def test_exif_webp(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.webp") as im:
             exif = im.getexif()
@@ -939,7 +952,15 @@ class TestImage:
 
     def test_empty_xmp(self) -> None:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.gif") as im:
-            assert im.getxmp() == {}
+            if ElementTree is None:
+                with pytest.warns(
+                    UserWarning,
+                    match="XMP data cannot be read without defusedxml dependency",
+                ):
+                    xmp = im.getxmp()
+            else:
+                xmp = im.getxmp()
+            assert xmp == {}
 
     def test_getxmp_padded(self) -> None:
         im = Image.new("RGB", (1, 1))
@@ -990,12 +1011,14 @@ class TestImage:
         # P mode with RGBA palette
         im = Image.new("RGBA", (1, 1)).convert("P")
         assert im.mode == "P"
+        assert im.palette is not None
         assert im.palette.mode == "RGBA"
         assert im.has_transparency_data
 
     def test_apply_transparency(self) -> None:
         im = Image.new("P", (1, 1))
         im.putpalette((0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1))
+        assert im.palette is not None
         assert im.palette.colors == {(0, 0, 0): 0, (1, 1, 1): 1}
 
         # Test that no transformation is applied without transparency
@@ -1013,13 +1036,16 @@ class TestImage:
         im.putpalette((0, 0, 0, 255, 1, 1, 1, 128), "RGBA")
         im.info["transparency"] = 0
         im.apply_transparency()
+        assert im.palette is not None
         assert im.palette.colors == {(0, 0, 0, 0): 0, (1, 1, 1, 128): 1}
 
         # Test that transparency bytes are applied
         with Image.open("Tests/images/pil123p.png") as im:
             assert isinstance(im.info["transparency"], bytes)
+            assert im.palette is not None
             assert im.palette.colors[(27, 35, 6)] == 24
             im.apply_transparency()
+            assert im.palette is not None
             assert im.palette.colors[(27, 35, 6, 214)] == 24
 
     def test_constants(self) -> None:

Tests/test_image_access.py

@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ class TestImagePutPixelError:
                 im.putpixel((0, 0), v)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("mode", "band_numbers", "match"),
+        "mode, band_numbers, match",
         (
             ("L", (0, 2), "color must be int or single-element tuple"),
             ("LA", (0, 3), "color must be int, or tuple of one or two elements"),

Tests/test_image_array.py

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ def test_toarray() -> None:
             with pytest.raises(OSError):
                 numpy.array(im_truncated)
         else:
-            with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
+            with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):
                 numpy.array(im_truncated)
 
 
@@ -113,4 +113,5 @@ def test_fromarray_palette() -> None:
     out = Image.fromarray(a, "P")
 
     # Assert that the Python and C palettes match
+    assert out.palette is not None
     assert len(out.palette.colors) == len(out.im.getpalette()) / 3

Tests/test_image_convert.py

@@ -218,6 +218,7 @@ def test_trns_RGB(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
 def test_l_macro_rounding(convert_mode: str) -> None:
     for mode in ("P", "PA"):
         im = Image.new(mode, (1, 1))
+        assert im.palette is not None
         im.palette.getcolor((0, 1, 2))
 
         converted_im = im.convert(convert_mode)

Tests/test_image_putpalette.py

@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ def test_rgba_palette(mode: str, palette: tuple[int, ...]) -> None:
     im = Image.new("P", (1, 1))
     im.putpalette(palette, mode)
     assert im.getpalette() == [1, 2, 3]
+    assert im.palette is not None
     assert im.palette.colors == {(1, 2, 3, 4): 0}
 
 

Tests/test_image_quantize.py

@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ def test_quantize_no_dither() -> None:
 
     converted = image.quantize(dither=Image.Dither.NONE, palette=palette)
     assert converted.mode == "P"
+    assert converted.palette is not None
     assert converted.palette.palette == palette.palette.palette
 
 
@@ -81,6 +82,7 @@ def test_quantize_no_dither2() -> None:
     palette.putpalette(data)
     quantized = im.quantize(dither=Image.Dither.NONE, palette=palette)
 
+    assert quantized.palette is not None
     assert tuple(quantized.palette.palette) == data
 
     px = quantized.load()
@@ -117,6 +119,7 @@ def test_colors() -> None:
     im = hopper()
     colors = 2
     converted = im.quantize(colors)
+    assert converted.palette is not None
     assert len(converted.palette.palette) == colors * len("RGB")
 
 
@@ -147,6 +150,7 @@ def test_palette(method: Image.Quantize, color: tuple[int, ...]) -> None:
     converted = im.quantize(method=method)
     converted_px = converted.load()
     assert converted_px is not None
+    assert converted.palette is not None
     assert converted_px[0, 0] == converted.palette.colors[color]
 
 

Tests/test_imagechops.py

@@ -398,7 +398,8 @@ def test_logical() -> None:
             for y in (a, b):
                 imy = Image.new("1", (1, 1), y)
                 value = op(imx, imy).getpixel((0, 0))
-                assert not isinstance(value, tuple) and value is not None
+                assert not isinstance(value, tuple)
+                assert value is not None
                 out.append(value)
         return out
 

Tests/test_imagedraw.py

@@ -857,6 +857,27 @@ def test_rounded_rectangle_corners(
     )
 
 
+def test_rounded_rectangle_joined_x_different_corners() -> None:
+    # Arrange
+    im = Image.new("RGB", (W, H))
+    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(im, "RGBA")
+
+    # Act
+    draw.rounded_rectangle(
+        (20, 10, 80, 90),
+        30,
+        fill="red",
+        outline="green",
+        width=5,
+        corners=(True, False, False, False),
+    )
+
+    # Assert
+    assert_image_equal_tofile(
+        im, "Tests/images/imagedraw_rounded_rectangle_joined_x_different_corners.png"
+    )
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "xy, radius, type",
     [

Tests/test_imagedraw2.py

@@ -65,6 +65,36 @@ def test_mode() -> None:
         ImageDraw2.Draw("L")
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("bbox", BBOX)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("start, end", ((0, 180), (0.5, 180.4)))
+def test_arc(bbox: Coords, start: float, end: float) -> None:
+    # Arrange
+    im = Image.new("RGB", (W, H))
+    draw = ImageDraw2.Draw(im)
+    pen = ImageDraw2.Pen("white", width=1)
+
+    # Act
+    draw.arc(bbox, pen, start, end)
+
+    # Assert
+    assert_image_similar_tofile(im, "Tests/images/imagedraw_arc.png", 1)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("bbox", BBOX)
+def test_chord(bbox: Coords) -> None:
+    # Arrange
+    im = Image.new("RGB", (W, H))
+    draw = ImageDraw2.Draw(im)
+    pen = ImageDraw2.Pen("yellow")
+    brush = ImageDraw2.Brush("red")
+
+    # Act
+    draw.chord(bbox, pen, 0, 180, brush)
+
+    # Assert
+    assert_image_similar_tofile(im, "Tests/images/imagedraw_chord_RGB.png", 1)
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("bbox", BBOX)
 def test_ellipse(bbox: Coords) -> None:
     # Arrange
@@ -123,6 +153,22 @@ def test_line_pen_as_brush(points: Coords) -> None:
     assert_image_equal_tofile(im, "Tests/images/imagedraw_line.png")
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("bbox", BBOX)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("start, end", ((-92, 46), (-92.2, 46.2)))
+def test_pieslice(bbox: Coords, start: float, end: float) -> None:
+    # Arrange
+    im = Image.new("RGB", (W, H))
+    draw = ImageDraw2.Draw(im)
+    pen = ImageDraw2.Pen("blue")
+    brush = ImageDraw2.Brush("white")
+
+    # Act
+    draw.pieslice(bbox, pen, start, end, brush)
+
+    # Assert
+    assert_image_similar_tofile(im, "Tests/images/imagedraw_pieslice.png", 1)
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("points", POINTS)
 def test_polygon(points: Coords) -> None:
     # Arrange

Tests/test_imagefile.py

@@ -94,7 +94,6 @@ class TestImageFile:
             assert (48, 48) == p.image.size
 
     @skip_unless_feature("webp")
-    @skip_unless_feature("webp_anim")
     def test_incremental_webp(self) -> None:
         with ImageFile.Parser() as p:
             with open("Tests/images/hopper.webp", "rb") as f:
@@ -239,7 +238,9 @@ class MockImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         self.rawmode = "RGBA"
         self._mode = "RGBA"
         self._size = (200, 200)
-        self.tile = [("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize, yoff + ysize), 32, None)]
+        self.tile = [
+            ImageFile._Tile("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize, yoff + ysize), 32, None)
+        ]
 
 
 class CodecsTest:
@@ -269,7 +270,7 @@ class TestPyDecoder(CodecsTest):
         buf = BytesIO(b"\x00" * 255)
 
         im = MockImageFile(buf)
-        im.tile = [("MOCK", None, 32, None)]
+        im.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("MOCK", None, 32, None)]
 
         im.load()
 
@@ -282,12 +283,12 @@ class TestPyDecoder(CodecsTest):
         buf = BytesIO(b"\x00" * 255)
 
         im = MockImageFile(buf)
-        im.tile = [("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, -10, yoff + ysize), 32, None)]
+        im.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, -10, yoff + ysize), 32, None)]
 
         with pytest.raises(ValueError):
             im.load()
 
-        im.tile = [("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize, -10), 32, None)]
+        im.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize, -10), 32, None)]
         with pytest.raises(ValueError):
             im.load()
 
@@ -295,12 +296,20 @@ class TestPyDecoder(CodecsTest):
         buf = BytesIO(b"\x00" * 255)
 
         im = MockImageFile(buf)
-        im.tile = [("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize + 100, yoff + ysize), 32, None)]
+        im.tile = [
+            ImageFile._Tile(
+                "MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize + 100, yoff + ysize), 32, None
+            )
+        ]
 
         with pytest.raises(ValueError):
             im.load()
 
-        im.tile = [("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize, yoff + ysize + 100), 32, None)]
+        im.tile = [
+            ImageFile._Tile(
+                "MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize, yoff + ysize + 100), 32, None
+            )
+        ]
         with pytest.raises(ValueError):
             im.load()
 
@@ -318,7 +327,13 @@ class TestPyEncoder(CodecsTest):
 
         fp = BytesIO()
         ImageFile._save(
-            im, fp, [("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize, yoff + ysize), 0, "RGB")]
+            im,
+            fp,
+            [
+                ImageFile._Tile(
+                    "MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize, yoff + ysize), 0, "RGB"
+                )
+            ],
         )
 
         assert MockPyEncoder.last
@@ -331,10 +346,10 @@ class TestPyEncoder(CodecsTest):
         buf = BytesIO(b"\x00" * 255)
 
         im = MockImageFile(buf)
-        im.tile = [("MOCK", None, 32, None)]
+        im.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("MOCK", None, 32, None)]
 
         fp = BytesIO()
-        ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("MOCK", None, 0, "RGB")])
+        ImageFile._save(im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("MOCK", None, 0, "RGB")])
 
         assert MockPyEncoder.last
         assert MockPyEncoder.last.state.xoff == 0
@@ -351,7 +366,9 @@ class TestPyEncoder(CodecsTest):
         MockPyEncoder.last = None
         with pytest.raises(ValueError):
             ImageFile._save(
-                im, fp, [("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, -10, yoff + ysize), 0, "RGB")]
+                im,
+                fp,
+                [ImageFile._Tile("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, -10, yoff + ysize), 0, "RGB")],
             )
         last: MockPyEncoder | None = MockPyEncoder.last
         assert last
@@ -359,7 +376,9 @@ class TestPyEncoder(CodecsTest):
 
         with pytest.raises(ValueError):
             ImageFile._save(
-                im, fp, [("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize, -10), 0, "RGB")]
+                im,
+                fp,
+                [ImageFile._Tile("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize, -10), 0, "RGB")],
             )
 
     def test_oversize(self) -> None:
@@ -372,14 +391,22 @@ class TestPyEncoder(CodecsTest):
             ImageFile._save(
                 im,
                 fp,
-                [("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize + 100, yoff + ysize), 0, "RGB")],
+                [
+                    ImageFile._Tile(
+                        "MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize + 100, yoff + ysize), 0, "RGB"
+                    )
+                ],
             )
 
         with pytest.raises(ValueError):
             ImageFile._save(
                 im,
                 fp,
-                [("MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize, yoff + ysize + 100), 0, "RGB")],
+                [
+                    ImageFile._Tile(
+                        "MOCK", (xoff, yoff, xoff + xsize, yoff + ysize + 100), 0, "RGB"
+                    )
+                ],
             )
 
     def test_encode(self) -> None:
@@ -395,9 +422,8 @@ class TestPyEncoder(CodecsTest):
         with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
             encoder.encode_to_pyfd()
 
-        fh = BytesIO()
         with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
-            encoder.encode_to_file(fh, 0)
+            encoder.encode_to_file(0, 0)
 
     def test_zero_height(self) -> None:
         with pytest.raises(UnidentifiedImageError):

Tests/test_imagefont.py

@@ -1113,6 +1113,9 @@ def test_bytes(font: ImageFont.FreeTypeFont) -> None:
     )
     assert font.getmask2(b"test")[1] == font.getmask2("test")[1]
 
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        font.getlength((0, 0))  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "test_file",

Tests/test_imagemorph.py

@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ def img_to_string(im: Image.Image) -> str:
         line = ""
         for c in range(im.width):
             value = im.getpixel((c, r))
-            assert not isinstance(value, tuple) and value is not None
+            assert not isinstance(value, tuple)
+            assert value is not None
             line += chars[value > 0]
         result.append(line)
     return "\n".join(result)

Tests/test_imageops.py

@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ def test_colorize_3color_offset() -> None:
 
 def test_exif_transpose() -> None:
     exts = [".jpg"]
-    if features.check("webp") and features.check("webp_anim"):
+    if features.check("webp"):
         exts.append(".webp")
     for ext in exts:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper" + ext) as base_im:

Tests/test_pickle.py

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def helper_pickle_string(protocol: int, test_file: str, mode: str | None) -> Non
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    ("test_file", "test_mode"),
+    "test_file, test_mode",
     [
         ("Tests/images/hopper.jpg", None),
         ("Tests/images/hopper.jpg", "L"),

Tests/test_psdraw.py

@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ import sys
 from io import BytesIO
 from pathlib import Path
 
-import pytest
-
 from PIL import Image, PSDraw
 
 
@@ -49,15 +47,14 @@ def test_draw_postscript(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     assert os.path.getsize(tempfile) > 0
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("buffer", (True, False))
+def test_stdout() -> None:
-def test_stdout(buffer: bool) -> None:
     # Temporarily redirect stdout
     old_stdout = sys.stdout
 
     class MyStdOut:
         buffer = BytesIO()
 
-    mystdout: MyStdOut | BytesIO = MyStdOut() if buffer else BytesIO()
+    mystdout = MyStdOut()
 
     sys.stdout = mystdout
 
@@ -67,6 +64,4 @@ def test_stdout(buffer: bool) -> None:
     # Reset stdout
     sys.stdout = old_stdout
 
-    if isinstance(mystdout, MyStdOut):
+    assert mystdout.buffer.getvalue() != b""
-        mystdout = mystdout.buffer
-    assert mystdout.getvalue() != b""

Tests/test_qt_image_qapplication.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from pathlib import Path
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Union
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -8,6 +9,20 @@ from PIL import Image, ImageQt
 
 from .helper import assert_image_equal_tofile, assert_image_similar, hopper
 
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import PyQt6
+    import PySide6
+
+    QApplication = Union[PyQt6.QtWidgets.QApplication, PySide6.QtWidgets.QApplication]
+    QHBoxLayout = Union[PyQt6.QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout, PySide6.QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout]
+    QImage = Union[PyQt6.QtGui.QImage, PySide6.QtGui.QImage]
+    QLabel = Union[PyQt6.QtWidgets.QLabel, PySide6.QtWidgets.QLabel]
+    QPainter = Union[PyQt6.QtGui.QPainter, PySide6.QtGui.QPainter]
+    QPixmap = Union[PyQt6.QtGui.QPixmap, PySide6.QtGui.QPixmap]
+    QPoint = Union[PyQt6.QtCore.QPoint, PySide6.QtCore.QPoint]
+    QRegion = Union[PyQt6.QtGui.QRegion, PySide6.QtGui.QRegion]
+    QWidget = Union[PyQt6.QtWidgets.QWidget, PySide6.QtWidgets.QWidget]
+
 if ImageQt.qt_is_installed:
     from PIL.ImageQt import QPixmap
 
@@ -20,7 +35,7 @@ if ImageQt.qt_is_installed:
         from PySide6.QtGui import QImage, QPainter, QRegion
         from PySide6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QHBoxLayout, QLabel, QWidget
 
-    class Example(QWidget):
+    class Example(QWidget):  # type: ignore[misc]
         def __init__(self) -> None:
             super().__init__()
 
@@ -28,11 +43,12 @@ if ImageQt.qt_is_installed:
 
             qimage = ImageQt.ImageQt(img)
 
-            pixmap1 = ImageQt.QPixmap.fromImage(qimage)
+            pixmap1 = getattr(ImageQt.QPixmap, "fromImage")(qimage)
 
-            QHBoxLayout(self)  # hbox
+            # hbox
+            QHBoxLayout(self)  # type: ignore[operator]
 
-            lbl = QLabel(self)
+            lbl = QLabel(self)  # type: ignore[operator]
             # Segfault in the problem
             lbl.setPixmap(pixmap1.copy())
 
@@ -46,7 +62,7 @@ def roundtrip(expected: Image.Image) -> None:
 @pytest.mark.skipif(not ImageQt.qt_is_installed, reason="Qt bindings are not installed")
 def test_sanity(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     # Segfault test
-    app: QApplication | None = QApplication([])
+    app: QApplication | None = QApplication([])  # type: ignore[operator]
     ex = Example()
     assert app  # Silence warning
     assert ex  # Silence warning
@@ -56,7 +72,7 @@ def test_sanity(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         im = hopper(mode)
         data = ImageQt.toqpixmap(im)
 
-        assert isinstance(data, QPixmap)
+        assert data.__class__.__name__ == "QPixmap"
         assert not data.isNull()
 
         # Test saving the file
@@ -64,14 +80,14 @@ def test_sanity(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         data.save(tempfile)
 
         # Render the image
-        qimage = ImageQt.ImageQt(im)
+        imageqt = ImageQt.ImageQt(im)
-        data = QPixmap.fromImage(qimage)
+        data = getattr(QPixmap, "fromImage")(imageqt)
-        qt_format = QImage.Format if ImageQt.qt_version == "6" else QImage
+        qt_format = getattr(QImage, "Format") if ImageQt.qt_version == "6" else QImage
-        qimage = QImage(128, 128, qt_format.Format_ARGB32)
+        qimage = QImage(128, 128, getattr(qt_format, "Format_ARGB32"))  # type: ignore[operator]
-        painter = QPainter(qimage)
+        painter = QPainter(qimage)  # type: ignore[operator]
-        image_label = QLabel()
+        image_label = QLabel()  # type: ignore[operator]
         image_label.setPixmap(data)
-        image_label.render(painter, QPoint(0, 0), QRegion(0, 0, 128, 128))
+        image_label.render(painter, QPoint(0, 0), QRegion(0, 0, 128, 128))  # type: ignore[operator]
         painter.end()
         rendered_tempfile = str(tmp_path / f"temp_rendered_{mode}.png")
         qimage.save(rendered_tempfile)

Tests/test_qt_image_toqimage.py

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ def test_sanity(mode: str, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     src = hopper(mode)
     data = ImageQt.toqimage(src)
 
-    assert isinstance(data, QImage)
+    assert isinstance(data, QImage)  # type: ignore[arg-type, misc]
     assert not data.isNull()
 
     # reload directly from the qimage

Tests/test_tiff_ifdrational.py

@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ def test_nonetype() -> None:
     assert xres.denominator is not None
     assert yres._val is not None
 
-    assert xres and 1
+    assert xres
-    assert xres and yres
+    assert yres
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

depends/install_imagequant.sh

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # install libimagequant
 
 archive_name=libimagequant
-archive_version=4.3.1
+archive_version=4.3.3
 
 archive=$archive_name-$archive_version
 

docs/deprecations.rst

@@ -118,6 +118,24 @@ The ``options`` parameter in :py:meth:`~PIL.ImageMath.lambda_eval()` and
 :py:meth:`~PIL.ImageMath.unsafe_eval()` has been deprecated. One or more keyword
 arguments can be used instead.
 
+JpegImageFile.huffman_ac and JpegImageFile.huffman_dc
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+.. deprecated:: 11.0.0
+
+The ``huffman_ac`` and ``huffman_dc`` dictionaries on JPEG images were unused. They
+have been deprecated, and will be removed in Pillow 12 (2025-10-15).
+
+Specific WebP Feature Checks
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+.. deprecated:: 11.0.0
+
+``features.check("transp_webp")``, ``features.check("webp_mux")`` and
+``features.check("webp_anim")`` are now deprecated. They will always return
+``True`` if the WebP module is installed, until they are removed in Pillow
+12.0.0 (2025-10-15).
+
 Removed features
 ----------------
 

docs/example/DdsImagePlugin.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import struct
 from io import BytesIO
+from typing import IO
 
 from PIL import Image, ImageFile
 
@@ -94,26 +95,26 @@ DXT3_FOURCC = 0x33545844
 DXT5_FOURCC = 0x35545844
 
 
-def _decode565(bits):
+def _decode565(bits: int) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
     a = ((bits >> 11) & 0x1F) << 3
     b = ((bits >> 5) & 0x3F) << 2
     c = (bits & 0x1F) << 3
     return a, b, c
 
 
-def _c2a(a, b):
+def _c2a(a: int, b: int) -> int:
     return (2 * a + b) // 3
 
 
-def _c2b(a, b):
+def _c2b(a: int, b: int) -> int:
     return (a + b) // 2
 
 
-def _c3(a, b):
+def _c3(a: int, b: int) -> int:
     return (2 * b + a) // 3
 
 
-def _dxt1(data, width, height):
+def _dxt1(data: IO[bytes], width: int, height: int) -> bytes:
     # TODO implement this function as pixel format in decode.c
     ret = bytearray(4 * width * height)
 
@@ -151,7 +152,7 @@ def _dxt1(data, width, height):
     return bytes(ret)
 
 
-def _dxtc_alpha(a0, a1, ac0, ac1, ai):
+def _dxtc_alpha(a0: int, a1: int, ac0: int, ac1: int, ai: int) -> int:
     if ai <= 12:
         ac = (ac0 >> ai) & 7
     elif ai == 15:
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ def _dxtc_alpha(a0, a1, ac0, ac1, ai):
     return alpha
 
 
-def _dxt5(data, width, height):
+def _dxt5(data: IO[bytes], width: int, height: int) -> bytes:
     # TODO implement this function as pixel format in decode.c
     ret = bytearray(4 * width * height)
 
@@ -211,7 +212,7 @@ class DdsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
     format = "DDS"
     format_description = "DirectDraw Surface"
 
-    def _open(self):
+    def _open(self) -> None:
         if not _accept(self.fp.read(4)):
             msg = "not a DDS file"
             raise SyntaxError(msg)
@@ -242,19 +243,22 @@ class DdsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         elif fourcc == b"DXT5":
             self.decoder = "DXT5"
         else:
-            msg = f"Unimplemented pixel format {fourcc}"
+            msg = f"Unimplemented pixel format {repr(fourcc)}"
             raise NotImplementedError(msg)
 
-        self.tile = [(self.decoder, (0, 0) + self.size, 0, (self.mode, 0, 1))]
+        self.tile = [
+            ImageFile._Tile(self.decoder, (0, 0) + self.size, 0, (self.mode, 0, 1))
+        ]
 
-    def load_seek(self, pos):
+    def load_seek(self, pos: int) -> None:
         pass
 
 
 class DXT1Decoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
     _pulls_fd = True
 
-    def decode(self, buffer):
+    def decode(self, buffer: bytes) -> tuple[int, int]:
+        assert self.fd is not None
         try:
             self.set_as_raw(_dxt1(self.fd, self.state.xsize, self.state.ysize))
         except struct.error as e:
@@ -266,7 +270,8 @@ class DXT1Decoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
 class DXT5Decoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
     _pulls_fd = True
 
-    def decode(self, buffer):
+    def decode(self, buffer: bytes) -> tuple[int, int]:
+        assert self.fd is not None
         try:
             self.set_as_raw(_dxt5(self.fd, self.state.xsize, self.state.ysize))
         except struct.error as e:
@@ -279,7 +284,7 @@ Image.register_decoder("DXT1", DXT1Decoder)
 Image.register_decoder("DXT5", DXT5Decoder)
 
 
-def _accept(prefix):
+def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
     return prefix[:4] == b"DDS "
 
 

docs/handbook/image-file-formats.rst

@@ -1220,8 +1220,7 @@ using the general tags available through tiffinfo.
 WebP
 ^^^^
 
-Pillow reads and writes WebP files. The specifics of Pillow's capabilities with
+Pillow reads and writes WebP files. Requires libwebp v0.5.0 or later.
-this format are currently undocumented.
 
 .. _webp-saving:
 
@@ -1249,29 +1248,19 @@ The :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.save` method supports the following options:
 **exact**
     If true, preserve the transparent RGB values. Otherwise, discard
     invisible RGB values for better compression. Defaults to false.
-    Requires libwebp 0.5.0 or later.
 
 **icc_profile**
-    The ICC Profile to include in the saved file. Only supported if
+    The ICC Profile to include in the saved file.
-    the system WebP library was built with webpmux support.
 
 **exif**
-    The exif data to include in the saved file. Only supported if
+    The exif data to include in the saved file.
-    the system WebP library was built with webpmux support.
 
 **xmp**
-    The XMP data to include in the saved file. Only supported if
+    The XMP data to include in the saved file.
-    the system WebP library was built with webpmux support.
 
 Saving sequences
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-.. note::
-
-    Support for animated WebP files will only be enabled if the system WebP
-    library is v0.5.0 or later. You can check webp animation support at
-    runtime by calling ``features.check("webp_anim")``.
-
 When calling :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.save` to write a WebP file, by default
 only the first frame of a multiframe image will be saved. If the ``save_all``
 argument is present and true, then all frames will be saved, and the following
@@ -1528,19 +1517,21 @@ To add other read or write support, use
 :py:func:`PIL.WmfImagePlugin.register_handler` to register a WMF and EMF
 handler. ::
 
-    from PIL import Image
+    from typing import IO
+
+    from PIL import Image, ImageFile
     from PIL import WmfImagePlugin
 
 
-    class WmfHandler:
+    class WmfHandler(ImageFile.StubHandler):
-        def open(self, im):
+        def open(self, im: ImageFile.StubImageFile) -> None:
             ...
 
-        def load(self, im):
+        def load(self, im: ImageFile.StubImageFile) -> Image.Image:
             ...
             return image
 
-        def save(self, im, fp, filename):
+        def save(self, im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str) -> None:
             ...
 
 

docs/handbook/tutorial.rst

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ Rolling an image
 
 ::
 
-    def roll(im, delta):
+    def roll(im: Image.Image, delta: int) -> Image.Image:
         """Roll an image sideways."""
         xsize, ysize = im.size
 
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ Merging images
 
 ::
 
-    def merge(im1, im2):
+    def merge(im1: Image.Image, im2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
         w = im1.size[0] + im2.size[0]
         h = max(im1.size[1], im2.size[1])
         im = Image.new("RGBA", (w, h))
@@ -704,7 +704,7 @@ in the current directory can be saved as JPEGs at reduced quality.
     import glob
     from PIL import Image
 
-    def compress_image(source_path, dest_path):
+    def compress_image(source_path: str, dest_path: str) -> None:
         with Image.open(source_path) as img:
             if img.mode != "RGB":
                 img = img.convert("RGB")

docs/handbook/writing-your-own-image-plugin.rst

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ true color.
     from PIL import Image, ImageFile
 
 
-    def _accept(prefix):
+    def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
         return prefix[:4] == b"SPAM"
 
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ true color.
         format = "SPAM"
         format_description = "Spam raster image"
 
-        def _open(self):
+        def _open(self) -> None:
 
             header = self.fp.read(128).split()
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ true color.
                 raise SyntaxError(msg)
 
             # data descriptor
-            self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, 128, (self.mode, 0, 1))]
+            self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, 128, (self.mode, 0, 1))]
 
 
     Image.register_open(SpamImageFile.format, SpamImageFile, _accept)

docs/installation/building-from-source.rst

@@ -55,10 +55,6 @@ Many of Pillow's features require external libraries:
 
 * **libwebp** provides the WebP format.
 
-  * Pillow has been tested with version **0.1.3**, which does not read
-    transparent WebP files. Versions **0.3.0** and above support
-    transparency.
-
 * **openjpeg** provides JPEG 2000 functionality.
 
   * Pillow has been tested with openjpeg **2.0.0**, **2.1.0**, **2.3.1**,
@@ -68,7 +64,7 @@ Many of Pillow's features require external libraries:
 
 * **libimagequant** provides improved color quantization
 
-  * Pillow has been tested with libimagequant **2.6-4.3.1**
+  * Pillow has been tested with libimagequant **2.6-4.3.3**
   * Libimagequant is licensed GPLv3, which is more restrictive than
     the Pillow license, therefore we will not be distributing binaries
     with libimagequant support enabled.
@@ -275,18 +271,18 @@ Build Options
 
 * Config settings: ``-C zlib=disable``, ``-C jpeg=disable``,
   ``-C tiff=disable``, ``-C freetype=disable``, ``-C raqm=disable``,
-  ``-C lcms=disable``, ``-C webp=disable``, ``-C webpmux=disable``,
+  ``-C lcms=disable``, ``-C webp=disable``,
   ``-C jpeg2000=disable``, ``-C imagequant=disable``, ``-C xcb=disable``.
   Disable building the corresponding feature even if the development
   libraries are present on the building machine.
 
 * Config settings: ``-C zlib=enable``, ``-C jpeg=enable``,
   ``-C tiff=enable``, ``-C freetype=enable``, ``-C raqm=enable``,
-  ``-C lcms=enable``, ``-C webp=enable``, ``-C webpmux=enable``,
+  ``-C lcms=enable``, ``-C webp=enable``,
   ``-C jpeg2000=enable``, ``-C imagequant=enable``, ``-C xcb=enable``.
   Require that the corresponding feature is built. The build will raise
-  an exception if the libraries are not found. Webpmux (WebP metadata)
+  an exception if the libraries are not found. Tcl and Tk must be used
-  relies on WebP support. Tcl and Tk also must be used together.
+  together.
 
 * Config settings: ``-C raqm=vendor``, ``-C fribidi=vendor``.
   These flags are used to compile a modified version of libraqm and

docs/reference/Image.rst

@@ -362,6 +362,7 @@ Classes
     :undoc-members:
     :show-inheritance:
 .. autoclass:: PIL.Image.ImagePointHandler
+.. autoclass:: PIL.Image.ImagePointTransform
 .. autoclass:: PIL.Image.ImageTransformHandler
 
 Protocols

docs/reference/features.rst

@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@ Feature version numbers are available only where stated.
 Support for the following features can be checked:
 
 * ``libjpeg_turbo``: (compile time) Whether Pillow was compiled against the libjpeg-turbo version of libjpeg. Compile-time version number is available.
-* ``transp_webp``: Support for transparency in WebP images.
-* ``webp_mux``: (compile time) Support for EXIF data in WebP images.
-* ``webp_anim``: (compile time) Support for animated WebP images.
 * ``raqm``: Raqm library, required for ``ImageFont.Layout.RAQM`` in :py:func:`PIL.ImageFont.truetype`. Run-time version number is available for Raqm 0.7.0 or newer.
 * ``libimagequant``: (compile time) ImageQuant quantization support in :py:func:`PIL.Image.Image.quantize`. Run-time version number is available.
 * ``xcb``: (compile time) Support for X11 in :py:func:`PIL.ImageGrab.grab` via the XCB library.
+* ``transp_webp``: Deprecated. Always ``True`` if WebP module is installed.
+* ``webp_mux``: Deprecated. Always ``True`` if WebP module is installed.
+* ``webp_anim``: Deprecated. Always ``True`` if WebP module is installed.
 
 .. autofunction:: PIL.features.check_feature
 .. autofunction:: PIL.features.version_feature

docs/reference/internal_modules.rst

@@ -33,6 +33,10 @@ Internal Modules
 Provides a convenient way to import type hints that are not available
 on some Python versions.
 
+.. py:class:: IntegralLike
+
+    Typing alias.
+
 .. py:class:: NumpyArray
 
     Typing alias.

docs/releasenotes/11.0.0.rst

@@ -50,6 +50,22 @@ The ``options`` parameter in :py:meth:`~PIL.ImageMath.lambda_eval()` and
 :py:meth:`~PIL.ImageMath.unsafe_eval()` has been deprecated. One or more
 keyword arguments can be used instead.
 
+JpegImageFile.huffman_ac and JpegImageFile.huffman_dc
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+.. deprecated:: 11.0.0
+
+The ``huffman_ac`` and ``huffman_dc`` dictionaries on JPEG images were unused. They
+have been deprecated, and will be removed in Pillow 12 (2025-10-15).
+
+Specific WebP Feature Checks
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+``features.check("transp_webp")``, ``features.check("webp_mux")`` and
+``features.check("webp_anim")`` are now deprecated. They will always return
+``True`` if the WebP module is installed, until they are removed in Pillow
+12.0.0 (2025-10-15).
+
 API Changes
 ===========
 
@@ -77,3 +93,10 @@ others prepare for 3.13, and to ensure Pillow could be used immediately at the r
 of 3.13.0 final (2024-10-01, :pep:`719`).
 
 Pillow 11.0.0 now officially supports Python 3.13.
+
+C-level Flags
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Some compiling flags like ``WITH_THREADING``, ``WITH_IMAGECHOPS``, and other
+``WITH_*`` were removed. These flags were not available through the build system,
+but they could be edited in the C source.

pyproject.toml

@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ lint.select = [
   "ISC",    # flake8-implicit-str-concat
   "LOG",    # flake8-logging
   "PGH",    # pygrep-hooks
+  "PT",     # flake8-pytest-style
   "PYI",    # flake8-pyi
   "RUF100", # unused noqa (yesqa)
   "UP",     # pyupgrade
@@ -120,6 +121,12 @@ lint.ignore = [
   "E221",   # Multiple spaces before operator
   "E226",   # Missing whitespace around arithmetic operator
   "E241",   # Multiple spaces after ','
+  "PT001",  # pytest-fixture-incorrect-parentheses-style
+  "PT007",  # pytest-parametrize-values-wrong-type
+  "PT011",  # pytest-raises-too-broad
+  "PT012",  # pytest-raises-with-multiple-statements
+  "PT016",  # pytest-fail-without-message
+  "PT017",  # pytest-assert-in-except
   "PYI026", # flake8-pyi: typing.TypeAlias added in Python 3.10
   "PYI034", # flake8-pyi: typing.Self added in Python 3.11
 ]
@@ -129,6 +136,7 @@ lint.per-file-ignores."Tests/oss-fuzz/fuzz_font.py" = [
 lint.per-file-ignores."Tests/oss-fuzz/fuzz_pillow.py" = [
   "I002",
 ]
+lint.flake8-pytest-style.parametrize-names-type = "csv"
 lint.isort.known-first-party = [
   "PIL",
 ]
@@ -155,8 +163,3 @@ follow_imports = "silent"
 warn_redundant_casts = true
 warn_unreachable = true
 warn_unused_ignores = true
-exclude = [
-  '^Tests/oss-fuzz/fuzz_font.py$',
-  '^Tests/oss-fuzz/fuzz_pillow.py$',
-  '^Tests/test_qt_image_qapplication.py$',
-]

selftest.py

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def testimage() -> None:
     or you call the "load" method:
 
     >>> im = Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.ppm")
-    >>> print(im.im) # internal image attribute
+    >>> print(im._im) # internal image attribute
     None
     >>> a = im.load()
     >>> type(im.im) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS

setup.py

@@ -295,7 +295,6 @@ class pil_build_ext(build_ext):
             "raqm",
             "lcms",
             "webp",
-            "webpmux",
             "jpeg2000",
             "imagequant",
             "xcb",
@@ -794,28 +793,18 @@ class pil_build_ext(build_ext):
 
         if feature.want("webp"):
             _dbg("Looking for webp")
-            if _find_include_file(self, "webp/encode.h") and _find_include_file(
+            if all(
-                self, "webp/decode.h"
+                _find_include_file(self, "webp/" + include)
+                for include in ("encode.h", "decode.h", "mux.h", "demux.h")
             ):
-                # In Google's precompiled zip it is call "libwebp":
+                # In Google's precompiled zip it is called "libwebp"
-                if _find_library_file(self, "webp"):
+                for prefix in ("", "lib"):
-                    feature.webp = "webp"
+                    if all(
-                elif _find_library_file(self, "libwebp"):
+                        _find_library_file(self, prefix + library)
-                    feature.webp = "libwebp"
+                        for library in ("webp", "webpmux", "webpdemux")
-
-        if feature.want("webpmux"):
-            _dbg("Looking for webpmux")
-            if _find_include_file(self, "webp/mux.h") and _find_include_file(
-                self, "webp/demux.h"
                     ):
-                if _find_library_file(self, "webpmux") and _find_library_file(
+                        feature.webp = prefix + "webp"
-                    self, "webpdemux"
+                        break
-                ):
-                    feature.webpmux = "webpmux"
-                if _find_library_file(self, "libwebpmux") and _find_library_file(
-                    self, "libwebpdemux"
-                ):
-                    feature.webpmux = "libwebpmux"
 
         if feature.want("xcb"):
             _dbg("Looking for xcb")
@@ -904,15 +893,8 @@ class pil_build_ext(build_ext):
             self._remove_extension("PIL._imagingcms")
 
         if feature.webp:
-            libs = [feature.webp]
+            libs = [feature.webp, feature.webp + "mux", feature.webp + "demux"]
-            defs = []
+            self._update_extension("PIL._webp", libs)
-
-            if feature.webpmux:
-                defs.append(("HAVE_WEBPMUX", None))
-                libs.append(feature.webpmux)
-                libs.append(feature.webpmux.replace("pmux", "pdemux"))
-
-            self._update_extension("PIL._webp", libs, defs)
         else:
             self._remove_extension("PIL._webp")
 
@@ -953,7 +935,6 @@ class pil_build_ext(build_ext):
             (feature.raqm, "RAQM (Text shaping)", raqm_extra_info),
             (feature.lcms, "LITTLECMS2"),
             (feature.webp, "WEBP"),
-            (feature.webpmux, "WEBPMUX"),
             (feature.xcb, "XCB (X protocol)"),
         ]
 

src/PIL/BlpImagePlugin.py

@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ class BlpImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             raise BLPFormatError(msg)
 
         self._mode = "RGBA" if self._blp_alpha_depth else "RGB"
-        self.tile = [(decoder, (0, 0) + self.size, 0, (self.mode, 0, 1))]
+        self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile(decoder, (0, 0) + self.size, 0, (self.mode, 0, 1))]
 
 
 class _BLPBaseDecoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
@@ -372,7 +372,10 @@ class BLP1Decoder(_BLPBaseDecoder):
         Image._decompression_bomb_check(image.size)
         if image.mode == "CMYK":
             decoder_name, extents, offset, args = image.tile[0]
-            image.tile = [(decoder_name, extents, offset, (args[0], "CMYK"))]
+            assert isinstance(args, tuple)
+            image.tile = [
+                ImageFile._Tile(decoder_name, extents, offset, (args[0], "CMYK"))
+            ]
         r, g, b = image.convert("RGB").split()
         reversed_image = Image.merge("RGB", (b, g, r))
         self.set_as_raw(reversed_image.tobytes())
@@ -467,6 +470,7 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
     magic = b"BLP1" if im.encoderinfo.get("blp_version") == "BLP1" else b"BLP2"
     fp.write(magic)
 
+    assert im.palette is not None
     fp.write(struct.pack("<i", 1))  # Uncompressed or DirectX compression
     fp.write(struct.pack("<b", Encoding.UNCOMPRESSED))
     fp.write(struct.pack("<b", 1 if im.palette.mode == "RGBA" else 0))
@@ -477,7 +481,7 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
         fp.write(struct.pack("<i", 5))
         fp.write(struct.pack("<i", 0))
 
-    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("BLP", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, im.mode)])
+    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("BLP", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, im.mode)])
 
 
 Image.register_open(BlpImageFile.format, BlpImageFile, _accept)

src/PIL/BmpImagePlugin.py

@@ -170,6 +170,8 @@ class BmpImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
 
         # ------------------ Special case : header is reported 40, which
         # ---------------------- is shorter than real size for bpp >= 16
+        assert isinstance(file_info["width"], int)
+        assert isinstance(file_info["height"], int)
         self._size = file_info["width"], file_info["height"]
 
         # ------- If color count was not found in the header, compute from bits
@@ -294,7 +296,7 @@ class BmpImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             args.append(((file_info["width"] * file_info["bits"] + 31) >> 3) & (~3))
         args.append(file_info["direction"])
         self.tile = [
-            (
+            ImageFile._Tile(
                 decoder_name,
                 (0, 0, file_info["width"], file_info["height"]),
                 offset or self.fp.tell(),
@@ -385,7 +387,7 @@ class BmpRleDecoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
                     if self.fd.tell() % 2 != 0:
                         self.fd.seek(1, os.SEEK_CUR)
         rawmode = "L" if self.mode == "L" else "P"
-        self.set_as_raw(bytes(data), (rawmode, 0, self.args[-1]))
+        self.set_as_raw(bytes(data), rawmode, (0, self.args[-1]))
         return -1, 0
 
 
@@ -482,7 +484,9 @@ def _save(
     if palette:
         fp.write(palette)
 
-    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, stride, -1))])
+    ImageFile._save(
+        im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, stride, -1))]
+    )
 
 
 #

src/PIL/CurImagePlugin.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 #
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from . import BmpImagePlugin, Image
+from . import BmpImagePlugin, Image, ImageFile
 from ._binary import i16le as i16
 from ._binary import i32le as i32
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class CurImageFile(BmpImagePlugin.BmpImageFile):
         # patch up the bitmap height
         self._size = self.size[0], self.size[1] // 2
         d, e, o, a = self.tile[0]
-        self.tile[0] = d, (0, 0) + self.size, o, a
+        self.tile[0] = ImageFile._Tile(d, (0, 0) + self.size, o, a)
 
 
 #

src/PIL/DdsImagePlugin.py

@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ class DdsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
                 mask_count = 3
 
             masks = struct.unpack(f"<{mask_count}I", header.read(mask_count * 4))
-            self.tile = [("dds_rgb", extents, 0, (bitcount, masks))]
+            self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("dds_rgb", extents, 0, (bitcount, masks))]
             return
         elif pfflags & DDPF.LUMINANCE:
             if bitcount == 8:

src/PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def Ghostscript(
     fp: IO[bytes],
     scale: int = 1,
     transparency: bool = False,
-) -> Image.Image:
+) -> Image.core.ImagingCore:
     """Render an image using Ghostscript"""
     global gs_binary
     if not has_ghostscript():
@@ -190,7 +190,6 @@ class EpsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         self.fp.seek(offset)
 
         self._mode = "RGB"
-        self._size = None
 
         byte_arr = bytearray(255)
         bytes_mv = memoryview(byte_arr)
@@ -228,7 +227,7 @@ class EpsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             if k == "BoundingBox":
                 if v == "(atend)":
                     reading_trailer_comments = True
-                elif not self._size or (trailer_reached and reading_trailer_comments):
+                elif not self.tile or (trailer_reached and reading_trailer_comments):
                     try:
                         # Note: The DSC spec says that BoundingBox
                         # fields should be integers, but some drivers
@@ -346,7 +345,7 @@ class EpsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
                 trailer_reached = True
             bytes_read = 0
 
-        if not self._size:
+        if not self.tile:
             msg = "cannot determine EPS bounding box"
             raise OSError(msg)
 
@@ -434,7 +433,7 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes, eps: int = 1) -
     if hasattr(fp, "flush"):
         fp.flush()
 
-    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("eps", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, None)])
+    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("eps", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, None)])
 
     fp.write(b"\n%%%%EndBinary\n")
     fp.write(b"grestore end\n")

src/PIL/FitsImagePlugin.py

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ class FitsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             raise ValueError(msg)
 
         offset += self.fp.tell() - 80
-        self.tile = [(decoder_name, (0, 0) + self.size, offset, args)]
+        self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile(decoder_name, (0, 0) + self.size, offset, args)]
 
     def _get_size(
         self, headers: dict[bytes, bytes], prefix: bytes

src/PIL/FliImagePlugin.py

@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ class FliImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         framesize = i32(s)
 
         self.decodermaxblock = framesize
-        self.tile = [("fli", (0, 0) + self.size, self.__offset, None)]
+        self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("fli", (0, 0) + self.size, self.__offset, None)]
 
         self.__offset += framesize
 

src/PIL/FpxImagePlugin.py

@@ -81,6 +81,8 @@ class FpxImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
 
         # size (highest resolution)
 
+        assert isinstance(prop[0x1000002], int)
+        assert isinstance(prop[0x1000003], int)
         self._size = prop[0x1000002], prop[0x1000003]
 
         size = max(self.size)
@@ -164,7 +166,7 @@ class FpxImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
 
             if compression == 0:
                 self.tile.append(
-                    (
+                    ImageFile._Tile(
                         "raw",
                         (x, y, x1, y1),
                         i32(s, i) + 28,
@@ -175,7 +177,7 @@ class FpxImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             elif compression == 1:
                 # FIXME: the fill decoder is not implemented
                 self.tile.append(
-                    (
+                    ImageFile._Tile(
                         "fill",
                         (x, y, x1, y1),
                         i32(s, i) + 28,
@@ -203,7 +205,7 @@ class FpxImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
                     jpegmode = rawmode
 
                 self.tile.append(
-                    (
+                    ImageFile._Tile(
                         "jpeg",
                         (x, y, x1, y1),
                         i32(s, i) + 28,

src/PIL/FtexImagePlugin.py

@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ class FtexImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
 
         if format == Format.DXT1:
             self._mode = "RGBA"
-            self.tile = [("bcn", (0, 0) + self.size, 0, 1)]
+            self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("bcn", (0, 0) + self.size, 0, (1,))]
         elif format == Format.UNCOMPRESSED:
-            self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, 0, ("RGB", 0, 1))]
+            self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, 0, ("RGB", 0, 1))]
         else:
             msg = f"Invalid texture compression format: {repr(format)}"
             raise ValueError(msg)

src/PIL/GbrImagePlugin.py

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ class GbrImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         self._data_size = width * height * color_depth
 
     def load(self) -> Image.core.PixelAccess | None:
-        if not self.im:
+        if self._im is None:
             self.im = Image.core.new(self.mode, self.size)
             self.frombytes(self.fp.read(self._data_size))
         return Image.Image.load(self)

src/PIL/GdImageFile.py

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class GdImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         )
 
         self.tile = [
-            (
+            ImageFile._Tile(
                 "raw",
                 (0, 0) + self.size,
                 7 + true_color_offset + 4 + 256 * 4,

src/PIL/GifImagePlugin.py

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class GifImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         if not self._seek_check(frame):
             return
         if frame < self.__frame:
-            self.im = None
+            self._im = None
             self._seek(0)
 
         last_frame = self.__frame
@@ -320,11 +320,14 @@ class GifImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             else:
                 self._mode = "L"
 
-            if not palette and self.global_palette:
+            if palette:
+                self.palette = palette
+            elif self.global_palette:
                 from copy import copy
 
-                palette = copy(self.global_palette)
+                self.palette = copy(self.global_palette)
-            self.palette = palette
+            else:
+                self.palette = None
         else:
             if self.mode == "P":
                 if (
@@ -376,7 +379,7 @@ class GifImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
                     self.dispose = Image.core.fill(dispose_mode, dispose_size, color)
                 else:
                     # replace with previous contents
-                    if self.im is not None:
+                    if self._im is not None:
                         # only dispose the extent in this frame
                         self.dispose = self._crop(self.im, self.dispose_extent)
                     elif frame_transparency is not None:
@@ -404,7 +407,7 @@ class GifImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
                 elif self.mode not in ("RGB", "RGBA"):
                     transparency = frame_transparency
             self.tile = [
-                (
+                ImageFile._Tile(
                     "gif",
                     (x0, y0, x1, y1),
                     self.__offset,
@@ -434,7 +437,14 @@ class GifImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
                 self.im = Image.core.fill("P", self.size, self._frame_transparency or 0)
                 self.im.putpalette("RGB", *self._frame_palette.getdata())
             else:
-                self.im = None
+                self._im = None
+        if not self._prev_im and self._im is not None and self.size != self.im.size:
+            expanded_im = Image.core.fill(self.im.mode, self.size)
+            if self._frame_palette:
+                expanded_im.putpalette("RGB", *self._frame_palette.getdata())
+            expanded_im.paste(self.im, (0, 0) + self.im.size)
+
+            self.im = expanded_im
         self._mode = temp_mode
         self._frame_palette = None
 
@@ -452,6 +462,17 @@ class GifImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             return
         if not self._prev_im:
             return
+        if self.size != self._prev_im.size:
+            if self._frame_transparency is not None:
+                expanded_im = Image.core.fill("RGBA", self.size)
+            else:
+                expanded_im = Image.core.fill("P", self.size)
+                expanded_im.putpalette("RGB", "RGB", self.im.getpalette())
+                expanded_im = expanded_im.convert("RGB")
+            expanded_im.paste(self._prev_im, (0, 0) + self._prev_im.size)
+
+            self._prev_im = expanded_im
+            assert self._prev_im is not None
         if self._frame_transparency is not None:
             self.im.putpalettealpha(self._frame_transparency, 0)
             frame_im = self.im.convert("RGBA")
@@ -495,6 +516,7 @@ def _normalize_mode(im: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
         return im
     if Image.getmodebase(im.mode) == "RGB":
         im = im.convert("P", palette=Image.Palette.ADAPTIVE)
+        assert im.palette is not None
         if im.palette.mode == "RGBA":
             for rgba in im.palette.colors:
                 if rgba[3] == 0:
@@ -536,11 +558,11 @@ def _normalize_palette(
         if not source_palette:
             source_palette = bytearray(i // 3 for i in range(768))
         im.palette = ImagePalette.ImagePalette("RGB", palette=source_palette)
-
-    used_palette_colors: list[int] | None
-    if palette:
-        used_palette_colors = []
     assert source_palette is not None
+
+    if palette:
+        used_palette_colors: list[int | None] = []
+        assert im.palette is not None
         for i in range(0, len(source_palette), 3):
             source_color = tuple(source_palette[i : i + 3])
             index = im.palette.colors.get(source_color)
@@ -553,20 +575,25 @@ def _normalize_palette(
                     if j not in used_palette_colors:
                         used_palette_colors[i] = j
                         break
-        im = im.remap_palette(used_palette_colors)
+        dest_map: list[int] = []
+        for index in used_palette_colors:
+            assert index is not None
+            dest_map.append(index)
+        im = im.remap_palette(dest_map)
     else:
-        used_palette_colors = _get_optimize(im, info)
+        optimized_palette_colors = _get_optimize(im, info)
-        if used_palette_colors is not None:
+        if optimized_palette_colors is not None:
-            im = im.remap_palette(used_palette_colors, source_palette)
+            im = im.remap_palette(optimized_palette_colors, source_palette)
             if "transparency" in info:
                 try:
-                    info["transparency"] = used_palette_colors.index(
+                    info["transparency"] = optimized_palette_colors.index(
                         info["transparency"]
                     )
                 except ValueError:
                     del info["transparency"]
             return im
 
+    assert im.palette is not None
     im.palette.palette = source_palette
     return im
 
@@ -578,6 +605,7 @@ def _write_single_frame(
 ) -> None:
     im_out = _normalize_mode(im)
     for k, v in im_out.info.items():
+        if isinstance(k, str):
             im.encoderinfo.setdefault(k, v)
     im_out = _normalize_palette(im_out, palette, im.encoderinfo)
 
@@ -591,7 +619,9 @@ def _write_single_frame(
     _write_local_header(fp, im, (0, 0), flags)
 
     im_out.encoderconfig = (8, get_interlace(im))
-    ImageFile._save(im_out, fp, [("gif", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, RAWMODE[im_out.mode])])
+    ImageFile._save(
+        im_out, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("gif", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, RAWMODE[im_out.mode])]
+    )
 
     fp.write(b"\0")  # end of image data
 
@@ -630,6 +660,7 @@ def _write_multiple_frames(
                 for k, v in im_frame.info.items():
                     if k == "transparency":
                         continue
+                    if isinstance(k, str):
                         im.encoderinfo.setdefault(k, v)
 
             encoderinfo = im.encoderinfo.copy()
@@ -660,10 +691,12 @@ def _write_multiple_frames(
                         )
                         background = _get_background(im_frame, color)
                         background_im = Image.new("P", im_frame.size, background)
+                        assert im_frames[0].im.palette is not None
                         background_im.putpalette(im_frames[0].im.palette)
                     bbox = _getbbox(background_im, im_frame)[1]
                 elif encoderinfo.get("optimize") and im_frame.mode != "1":
                     if "transparency" not in encoderinfo:
+                        assert im_frame.palette is not None
                         try:
                             encoderinfo["transparency"] = (
                                 im_frame.palette._new_color_index(im_frame)
@@ -901,6 +934,7 @@ def _get_optimize(im: Image.Image, info: dict[str, Any]) -> list[int] | None:
             if optimise or max(used_palette_colors) >= len(used_palette_colors):
                 return used_palette_colors
 
+            assert im.palette is not None
             num_palette_colors = len(im.palette.palette) // Image.getmodebands(
                 im.palette.mode
             )
@@ -950,7 +984,7 @@ def _get_palette_bytes(im: Image.Image) -> bytes:
     :param im: Image object
     :returns: Bytes, len<=768 suitable for inclusion in gif header
     """
-    return im.palette.palette if im.palette else b""
+    return bytes(im.palette.palette) if im.palette else b""
 
 
 def _get_background(
@@ -963,6 +997,7 @@ def _get_background(
             # WebPImagePlugin stores an RGBA value in info["background"]
             # So it must be converted to the same format as GifImagePlugin's
             # info["background"] - a global color table index
+            assert im.palette is not None
             try:
                 background = im.palette.getcolor(info_background, im)
             except ValueError as e:
@@ -1054,7 +1089,9 @@ def _write_frame_data(
         _write_local_header(fp, im_frame, offset, 0)
 
         ImageFile._save(
-            im_frame, fp, [("gif", (0, 0) + im_frame.size, 0, RAWMODE[im_frame.mode])]
+            im_frame,
+            fp,
+            [ImageFile._Tile("gif", (0, 0) + im_frame.size, 0, RAWMODE[im_frame.mode])],
         )
 
         fp.write(b"\0")  # end of image data

src/PIL/IcnsImagePlugin.py

@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ class IcnsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             )
 
         px = Image.Image.load(self)
-        if self.im is not None and self.im.size == self.size:
+        if self._im is not None and self.im.size == self.size:
             # Already loaded
             return px
         self.load_prepare()

src/PIL/IcoImagePlugin.py

@@ -97,7 +97,9 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
             if bits != 32:
                 and_mask = Image.new("1", size)
                 ImageFile._save(
-                    and_mask, image_io, [("raw", (0, 0) + size, 0, ("1", 0, -1))]
+                    and_mask,
+                    image_io,
+                    [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + size, 0, ("1", 0, -1))],
                 )
         else:
             frame.save(image_io, "png")
@@ -226,7 +228,7 @@ class IcoFile:
             # change tile dimension to only encompass XOR image
             im._size = (im.size[0], int(im.size[1] / 2))
             d, e, o, a = im.tile[0]
-            im.tile[0] = d, (0, 0) + im.size, o, a
+            im.tile[0] = ImageFile._Tile(d, (0, 0) + im.size, o, a)
 
             # figure out where AND mask image starts
             if header.bpp == 32:
@@ -241,6 +243,7 @@ class IcoFile:
                 alpha_bytes = self.buf.read(im.size[0] * im.size[1] * 4)[3::4]
 
                 # convert to an 8bpp grayscale image
+                try:
                     mask = Image.frombuffer(
                         "L",  # 8bpp
                         im.size,  # (w, h)
@@ -248,6 +251,11 @@ class IcoFile:
                         "raw",  # raw decoder
                         ("L", 0, -1),  # 8bpp inverted, unpadded, reversed
                     )
+                except ValueError:
+                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
+                        mask = None
+                    else:
+                        raise
             else:
                 # get AND image from end of bitmap
                 w = im.size[0]
@@ -265,6 +273,7 @@ class IcoFile:
                 mask_data = self.buf.read(total_bytes)
 
                 # convert raw data to image
+                try:
                     mask = Image.frombuffer(
                         "1",  # 1 bpp
                         im.size,  # (w, h)
@@ -272,10 +281,16 @@ class IcoFile:
                         "raw",  # raw decoder
                         ("1;I", int(w / 8), -1),  # 1bpp inverted, padded, reversed
                     )
+                except ValueError:
+                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
+                        mask = None
+                    else:
+                        raise
 
                 # now we have two images, im is XOR image and mask is AND image
 
             # apply mask image as alpha channel
+            if mask:
                 im = im.convert("RGBA")
                 im.putalpha(mask)
 
@@ -317,18 +332,18 @@ class IcoImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         self.load()
 
     @property
-    def size(self):
+    def size(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
         return self._size
 
     @size.setter
-    def size(self, value):
+    def size(self, value: tuple[int, int]) -> None:
         if value not in self.info["sizes"]:
             msg = "This is not one of the allowed sizes of this image"
             raise ValueError(msg)
         self._size = value
 
     def load(self) -> Image.core.PixelAccess | None:
-        if self.im is not None and self.im.size == self.size:
+        if self._im is not None and self.im.size == self.size:
             # Already loaded
             return Image.Image.load(self)
         im = self.ico.getimage(self.size)

src/PIL/ImImagePlugin.py

@@ -253,7 +253,11 @@ class ImImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
                 # use bit decoder (if necessary)
                 bits = int(self.rawmode[2:])
                 if bits not in [8, 16, 32]:
-                    self.tile = [("bit", (0, 0) + self.size, offs, (bits, 8, 3, 0, -1))]
+                    self.tile = [
+                        ImageFile._Tile(
+                            "bit", (0, 0) + self.size, offs, (bits, 8, 3, 0, -1)
+                        )
+                    ]
                     return
             except ValueError:
                 pass
@@ -263,13 +267,17 @@ class ImImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             # ever stumbled upon such a file ;-)
             size = self.size[0] * self.size[1]
             self.tile = [
-                ("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs, ("G", 0, -1)),
+                ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs, ("G", 0, -1)),
-                ("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs + size, ("R", 0, -1)),
+                ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs + size, ("R", 0, -1)),
-                ("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs + 2 * size, ("B", 0, -1)),
+                ImageFile._Tile(
+                    "raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs + 2 * size, ("B", 0, -1)
+                ),
             ]
         else:
             # LabEye/IFUNC files
-            self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs, (self.rawmode, 0, -1))]
+            self.tile = [
+                ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs, (self.rawmode, 0, -1))
+            ]
 
     @property
     def n_frames(self) -> int:
@@ -295,7 +303,9 @@ class ImImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
 
         self.fp = self._fp
 
-        self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs, (self.rawmode, 0, -1))]
+        self.tile = [
+            ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offs, (self.rawmode, 0, -1))
+        ]
 
     def tell(self) -> int:
         return self.frame
@@ -360,7 +370,9 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
             palette += im_palette[colors * i : colors * (i + 1)]
             palette += b"\x00" * (256 - colors)
         fp.write(palette)  # 768 bytes
-    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, 0, -1))])
+    ImageFile._save(
+        im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, 0, -1))]
+    )
 
 
 #

src/PIL/Image.py

@@ -218,10 +218,18 @@ if hasattr(core, "DEFAULT_STRATEGY"):
 # Registries
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import mmap
     from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element
 
-    from . import ImageFile, ImagePalette, TiffImagePlugin
+    from IPython.lib.pretty import PrettyPrinter
+
+    from . import ImageFile, ImageFilter, ImagePalette, ImageQt, TiffImagePlugin
     from ._typing import NumpyArray, StrOrBytesPath, TypeGuard
+
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 13):
+        from types import CapsuleType
+    else:
+        CapsuleType = object
 ID: list[str] = []
 OPEN: dict[
     str,
@@ -467,43 +475,53 @@ def _getencoder(
 # Simple expression analyzer
 
 
-class _E:
+class ImagePointTransform:
+    """
+    Used with :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.point` for single band images with more than
+    8 bits, this represents an affine transformation, where the value is multiplied by
+    ``scale`` and ``offset`` is added.
+    """
+
     def __init__(self, scale: float, offset: float) -> None:
         self.scale = scale
         self.offset = offset
 
-    def __neg__(self) -> _E:
+    def __neg__(self) -> ImagePointTransform:
-        return _E(-self.scale, -self.offset)
+        return ImagePointTransform(-self.scale, -self.offset)
 
-    def __add__(self, other: _E | float) -> _E:
+    def __add__(self, other: ImagePointTransform | float) -> ImagePointTransform:
-        if isinstance(other, _E):
+        if isinstance(other, ImagePointTransform):
-            return _E(self.scale + other.scale, self.offset + other.offset)
+            return ImagePointTransform(
-        return _E(self.scale, self.offset + other)
+                self.scale + other.scale, self.offset + other.offset
+            )
+        return ImagePointTransform(self.scale, self.offset + other)
 
     __radd__ = __add__
 
-    def __sub__(self, other: _E | float) -> _E:
+    def __sub__(self, other: ImagePointTransform | float) -> ImagePointTransform:
         return self + -other
 
-    def __rsub__(self, other: _E | float) -> _E:
+    def __rsub__(self, other: ImagePointTransform | float) -> ImagePointTransform:
         return other + -self
 
-    def __mul__(self, other: _E | float) -> _E:
+    def __mul__(self, other: ImagePointTransform | float) -> ImagePointTransform:
-        if isinstance(other, _E):
+        if isinstance(other, ImagePointTransform):
             return NotImplemented
-        return _E(self.scale * other, self.offset * other)
+        return ImagePointTransform(self.scale * other, self.offset * other)
 
     __rmul__ = __mul__
 
-    def __truediv__(self, other: _E | float) -> _E:
+    def __truediv__(self, other: ImagePointTransform | float) -> ImagePointTransform:
-        if isinstance(other, _E):
+        if isinstance(other, ImagePointTransform):
             return NotImplemented
-        return _E(self.scale / other, self.offset / other)
+        return ImagePointTransform(self.scale / other, self.offset / other)
 
 
-def _getscaleoffset(expr) -> tuple[float, float]:
+def _getscaleoffset(
-    a = expr(_E(1, 0))
+    expr: Callable[[ImagePointTransform], ImagePointTransform | float]
-    return (a.scale, a.offset) if isinstance(a, _E) else (0, a)
+) -> tuple[float, float]:
+    a = expr(ImagePointTransform(1, 0))
+    return (a.scale, a.offset) if isinstance(a, ImagePointTransform) else (0, a)
 
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -532,16 +550,27 @@ class Image:
     format_description: str | None = None
     _close_exclusive_fp_after_loading = True
 
-    def __init__(self):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
         # FIXME: take "new" parameters / other image?
         # FIXME: turn mode and size into delegating properties?
-        self.im = None
+        self._im: core.ImagingCore | DeferredError | None = None
         self._mode = ""
         self._size = (0, 0)
-        self.palette = None
+        self.palette: ImagePalette.ImagePalette | None = None
-        self.info = {}
+        self.info: dict[str | tuple[int, int], Any] = {}
         self.readonly = 0
-        self._exif = None
+        self._exif: Exif | None = None
+
+    @property
+    def im(self) -> core.ImagingCore:
+        if isinstance(self._im, DeferredError):
+            raise self._im.ex
+        assert self._im is not None
+        return self._im
+
+    @im.setter
+    def im(self, im: core.ImagingCore) -> None:
+        self._im = im
 
     @property
     def width(self) -> int:
@@ -612,12 +641,12 @@ class Image:
                 logger.debug("Error closing: %s", msg)
 
         if getattr(self, "map", None):
-            self.map = None
+            self.map: mmap.mmap | None = None
 
         # Instead of simply setting to None, we're setting up a
         # deferred error that will better explain that the core image
         # object is gone.
-        self.im = DeferredError(ValueError("Operation on closed image"))
+        self._im = DeferredError(ValueError("Operation on closed image"))
 
     def _copy(self) -> None:
         self.load()
@@ -676,7 +705,7 @@ class Image:
             id(self),
         )
 
-    def _repr_pretty_(self, p, cycle: bool) -> None:
+    def _repr_pretty_(self, p: PrettyPrinter, cycle: bool) -> None:
         """IPython plain text display support"""
 
         # Same as __repr__ but without unpredictable id(self),
@@ -723,24 +752,12 @@ class Image:
     def __array_interface__(self) -> dict[str, str | bytes | int | tuple[int, ...]]:
         # numpy array interface support
         new: dict[str, str | bytes | int | tuple[int, ...]] = {"version": 3}
-        try:
         if self.mode == "1":
             # Binary images need to be extended from bits to bytes
             # See: https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/350
             new["data"] = self.tobytes("raw", "L")
         else:
             new["data"] = self.tobytes()
-        except Exception as e:
-            if not isinstance(e, (MemoryError, RecursionError)):
-                try:
-                    import numpy
-                    from packaging.version import parse as parse_version
-                except ImportError:
-                    pass
-                else:
-                    if parse_version(numpy.__version__) < parse_version("1.23"):
-                        warnings.warn(str(e))
-            raise
         new["shape"], new["typestr"] = _conv_type_shape(self)
         return new
 
@@ -887,7 +904,7 @@ class Image:
         :returns: An image access object.
         :rtype: :py:class:`.PixelAccess`
         """
-        if self.im is not None and self.palette and self.palette.dirty:
+        if self._im is not None and self.palette and self.palette.dirty:
             # realize palette
             mode, arr = self.palette.getdata()
             self.im.putpalette(self.palette.mode, mode, arr)
@@ -904,7 +921,7 @@ class Image:
                     self.palette.mode, self.palette.mode
                 )
 
-        if self.im is not None:
+        if self._im is not None:
             return self.im.pixel_access(self.readonly)
         return None
 
@@ -1045,9 +1062,11 @@ class Image:
                     # use existing conversions
                     trns_im = new(self.mode, (1, 1))
                     if self.mode == "P":
+                        assert self.palette is not None
                         trns_im.putpalette(self.palette)
                         if isinstance(t, tuple):
                             err = "Couldn't allocate a palette color for transparency"
+                            assert trns_im.palette is not None
                             try:
                                 t = trns_im.palette.getcolor(t, self)
                             except ValueError as e:
@@ -1149,7 +1168,9 @@ class Image:
         if trns is not None:
             if new_im.mode == "P" and new_im.palette:
                 try:
-                    new_im.info["transparency"] = new_im.palette.getcolor(trns, new_im)
+                    new_im.info["transparency"] = new_im.palette.getcolor(
+                        cast(tuple[int, ...], trns), new_im  # trns was converted to RGB
+                    )
                 except ValueError as e:
                     del new_im.info["transparency"]
                     if str(e) != "cannot allocate more than 256 colors":
@@ -1227,6 +1248,7 @@ class Image:
                 raise ValueError(msg)
             im = self.im.convert("P", dither, palette.im)
             new_im = self._new(im)
+            assert palette.palette is not None
             new_im.palette = palette.palette.copy()
             return new_im
 
@@ -1336,9 +1358,6 @@ class Image:
         self.load()
         return self._new(self.im.expand(xmargin, ymargin))
 
-    if TYPE_CHECKING:
-        from . import ImageFilter
-
     def filter(self, filter: ImageFilter.Filter | type[ImageFilter.Filter]) -> Image:
         """
         Filters this image using the given filter.  For a list of
@@ -1584,7 +1603,7 @@ class Image:
             self.fp.seek(offset)
         return child_images
 
-    def getim(self):
+    def getim(self) -> CapsuleType:
         """
         Returns a capsule that points to the internal image memory.
 
@@ -1628,11 +1647,15 @@ class Image:
 
         :returns: A boolean.
         """
-        return (
+        if (
             self.mode in ("LA", "La", "PA", "RGBA", "RGBa")
-            or (self.mode == "P" and self.palette.mode.endswith("A"))
             or "transparency" in self.info
-        )
+        ):
+            return True
+        if self.mode == "P":
+            assert self.palette is not None
+            return self.palette.mode.endswith("A")
+        return False
 
     def apply_transparency(self) -> None:
         """
@@ -1815,26 +1838,30 @@ class Image:
                 raise ValueError(msg)
             box += (box[0] + size[0], box[1] + size[1])
 
+        source: core.ImagingCore | str | float | tuple[float, ...]
         if isinstance(im, str):
             from . import ImageColor
 
-            im = ImageColor.getcolor(im, self.mode)
+            source = ImageColor.getcolor(im, self.mode)
-
         elif isImageType(im):
             im.load()
             if self.mode != im.mode:
                 if self.mode != "RGB" or im.mode not in ("LA", "RGBA", "RGBa"):
                     # should use an adapter for this!
                     im = im.convert(self.mode)
-            im = im.im
+            source = im.im
+        elif isinstance(im, tuple):
+            source = im
+        else:
+            source = cast(float, im)
 
         self._ensure_mutable()
 
         if mask:
             mask.load()
-            self.im.paste(im, box, mask.im)
+            self.im.paste(source, box, mask.im)
         else:
-            self.im.paste(im, box)
+            self.im.paste(source, box)
 
     def alpha_composite(
         self, im: Image, dest: Sequence[int] = (0, 0), source: Sequence[int] = (0, 0)
@@ -1894,7 +1921,13 @@ class Image:
 
     def point(
         self,
-        lut: Sequence[float] | NumpyArray | Callable[[int], float] | ImagePointHandler,
+        lut: (
+            Sequence[float]
+            | NumpyArray
+            | Callable[[int], float]
+            | Callable[[ImagePointTransform], ImagePointTransform | float]
+            | ImagePointHandler
+        ),
         mode: str | None = None,
     ) -> Image:
         """
@@ -1911,7 +1944,7 @@ class Image:
            object::
 
                class Example(Image.ImagePointHandler):
-                 def point(self, data):
+                 def point(self, im: Image) -> Image:
                    # Return result
         :param mode: Output mode (default is same as input). This can only be used if
            the source image has mode "L" or "P", and the output has mode "1" or the
@@ -1930,10 +1963,10 @@ class Image:
                 # check if the function can be used with point_transform
                 # UNDONE wiredfool -- I think this prevents us from ever doing
                 # a gamma function point transform on > 8bit images.
-                scale, offset = _getscaleoffset(lut)
+                scale, offset = _getscaleoffset(lut)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
                 return self._new(self.im.point_transform(scale, offset))
             # for other modes, convert the function to a table
-            flatLut = [lut(i) for i in range(256)] * self.im.bands
+            flatLut = [lut(i) for i in range(256)] * self.im.bands  # type: ignore[arg-type]
         else:
             flatLut = lut
 
@@ -2105,7 +2138,8 @@ class Image:
             if self.mode == "PA":
                 alpha = value[3] if len(value) == 4 else 255
                 value = value[:3]
-            palette_index = self.palette.getcolor(value, self)
+            assert self.palette is not None
+            palette_index = self.palette.getcolor(tuple(value), self)
             value = (palette_index, alpha) if self.mode == "PA" else palette_index
         return self.im.putpixel(xy, value)
 
@@ -2869,11 +2903,11 @@ class Image:
         self,
         box: tuple[int, int, int, int],
         image: Image,
-        method,
+        method: Transform,
-        data,
+        data: Sequence[float],
         resample: int = Resampling.NEAREST,
         fill: bool = True,
-    ):
+    ) -> None:
         w = box[2] - box[0]
         h = box[3] - box[1]
 
@@ -2974,7 +3008,7 @@ class Image:
         self.load()
         return self._new(self.im.effect_spread(distance))
 
-    def toqimage(self):
+    def toqimage(self) -> ImageQt.ImageQt:
         """Returns a QImage copy of this image"""
         from . import ImageQt
 
@@ -2983,7 +3017,7 @@ class Image:
             raise ImportError(msg)
         return ImageQt.toqimage(self)
 
-    def toqpixmap(self):
+    def toqpixmap(self) -> ImageQt.QPixmap:
         """Returns a QPixmap copy of this image"""
         from . import ImageQt
 
@@ -3310,7 +3344,7 @@ def fromarray(obj: SupportsArrayInterface, mode: str | None = None) -> Image:
     return frombuffer(mode, size, obj, "raw", rawmode, 0, 1)
 
 
-def fromqimage(im) -> ImageFile.ImageFile:
+def fromqimage(im: ImageQt.QImage) -> ImageFile.ImageFile:
     """Creates an image instance from a QImage image"""
     from . import ImageQt
 
@@ -3320,7 +3354,7 @@ def fromqimage(im) -> ImageFile.ImageFile:
     return ImageQt.fromqimage(im)
 
 
-def fromqpixmap(im) -> ImageFile.ImageFile:
+def fromqpixmap(im: ImageQt.QPixmap) -> ImageFile.ImageFile:
     """Creates an image instance from a QPixmap image"""
     from . import ImageQt
 
@@ -3612,7 +3646,10 @@ def merge(mode: str, bands: Sequence[Image]) -> Image:
 
 def register_open(
     id: str,
-    factory: Callable[[IO[bytes], str | bytes], ImageFile.ImageFile],
+    factory: (
+        Callable[[IO[bytes], str | bytes], ImageFile.ImageFile]
+        | type[ImageFile.ImageFile]
+    ),
     accept: Callable[[bytes], bool | str] | None = None,
 ) -> None:
     """
@@ -4008,15 +4045,19 @@ class Exif(_ExifBase):
             ifd[tag] = value
         return b"Exif\x00\x00" + head + ifd.tobytes(offset)
 
-    def get_ifd(self, tag):
+    def get_ifd(self, tag: int) -> dict[int, Any]:
         if tag not in self._ifds:
             if tag == ExifTags.IFD.IFD1:
                 if self._info is not None and self._info.next != 0:
-                    self._ifds[tag] = self._get_ifd_dict(self._info.next)
+                    ifd = self._get_ifd_dict(self._info.next)
+                    if ifd is not None:
+                        self._ifds[tag] = ifd
             elif tag in [ExifTags.IFD.Exif, ExifTags.IFD.GPSInfo]:
                 offset = self._hidden_data.get(tag, self.get(tag))
                 if offset is not None:
-                    self._ifds[tag] = self._get_ifd_dict(offset, tag)
+                    ifd = self._get_ifd_dict(offset, tag)
+                    if ifd is not None:
+                        self._ifds[tag] = ifd
             elif tag in [ExifTags.IFD.Interop, ExifTags.IFD.Makernote]:
                 if ExifTags.IFD.Exif not in self._ifds:
                     self.get_ifd(ExifTags.IFD.Exif)
@@ -4073,7 +4114,9 @@ class Exif(_ExifBase):
                                 (offset,) = struct.unpack(">L", data)
                                 self.fp.seek(offset)
 
-                                camerainfo = {"ModelID": self.fp.read(4)}
+                                camerainfo: dict[str, int | bytes] = {
+                                    "ModelID": self.fp.read(4)
+                                }
 
                                 self.fp.read(4)
                                 # Seconds since 2000
@@ -4089,17 +4132,19 @@ class Exif(_ExifBase):
                                 ][1]
                                 camerainfo["Parallax"] = handler(
                                     ImageFileDirectory_v2(), parallax, False
-                                )
+                                )[0]
 
                                 self.fp.read(4)
                                 camerainfo["Category"] = self.fp.read(2)
 
-                                makernote = {0x1101: dict(self._fixup_dict(camerainfo))}
+                                makernote = {0x1101: camerainfo}
                         self._ifds[tag] = makernote
                 else:
                     # Interop
-                    self._ifds[tag] = self._get_ifd_dict(tag_data, tag)
+                    ifd = self._get_ifd_dict(tag_data, tag)
-        ifd = self._ifds.get(tag, {})
+                    if ifd is not None:
+                        self._ifds[tag] = ifd
+        ifd = self._ifds.setdefault(tag, {})
         if tag == ExifTags.IFD.Exif and self._hidden_data:
             ifd = {
                 k: v

src/PIL/ImageDraw.py

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import math
-import numbers
 import struct
 from collections.abc import Sequence
 from types import ModuleType
@@ -160,13 +159,13 @@ class ImageDraw:
             if ink is not None:
                 if isinstance(ink, str):
                     ink = ImageColor.getcolor(ink, self.mode)
-                if self.palette and not isinstance(ink, numbers.Number):
+                if self.palette and isinstance(ink, tuple):
                     ink = self.palette.getcolor(ink, self._image)
                 result_ink = self.draw.draw_ink(ink)
             if fill is not None:
                 if isinstance(fill, str):
                     fill = ImageColor.getcolor(fill, self.mode)
-                if self.palette and not isinstance(fill, numbers.Number):
+                if self.palette and isinstance(fill, tuple):
                     fill = self.palette.getcolor(fill, self._image)
                 result_fill = self.draw.draw_ink(fill)
         return result_ink, result_fill
@@ -505,7 +504,7 @@ class ImageDraw:
 
             if full_x:
                 self.draw.draw_rectangle((x0, y0 + r + 1, x1, y1 - r - 1), fill_ink, 1)
-            else:
+            elif x1 - r - 1 > x0 + r + 1:
                 self.draw.draw_rectangle((x0 + r + 1, y0, x1 - r - 1, y1), fill_ink, 1)
             if not full_x and not full_y:
                 left = [x0, y0, x0 + r, y1]

src/PIL/ImageDraw2.py

@@ -80,7 +80,12 @@ class Draw:
         return self.image
 
     def render(
-        self, op: str, xy: Coords, pen: Pen | Brush, brush: Brush | Pen | None = None
+        self,
+        op: str,
+        xy: Coords,
+        pen: Pen | Brush | None,
+        brush: Brush | Pen | None = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> None:
         # handle color arguments
         outline = fill = None
@@ -101,60 +106,85 @@ class Draw:
             path.transform(self.transform)
             xy = path
         # render the item
-        if op == "line":
+        if op in ("arc", "line"):
-            self.draw.line(xy, fill=outline, width=width)
+            kwargs.setdefault("fill", outline)
         else:
-            getattr(self.draw, op)(xy, fill=fill, outline=outline)
+            kwargs.setdefault("fill", fill)
+            kwargs.setdefault("outline", outline)
+        if op == "line":
+            kwargs.setdefault("width", width)
+        getattr(self.draw, op)(xy, **kwargs)
 
     def settransform(self, offset: tuple[float, float]) -> None:
         """Sets a transformation offset."""
         (xoffset, yoffset) = offset
         self.transform = (1, 0, xoffset, 0, 1, yoffset)
 
-    def arc(self, xy: Coords, start, end, *options: Any) -> None:
+    def arc(
+        self,
+        xy: Coords,
+        pen: Pen | Brush | None,
+        start: float,
+        end: float,
+        *options: Any,
+    ) -> None:
         """
         Draws an arc (a portion of a circle outline) between the start and end
         angles, inside the given bounding box.
 
         .. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.arc`
         """
-        self.render("arc", xy, start, end, *options)
+        self.render("arc", xy, pen, *options, start=start, end=end)
 
-    def chord(self, xy: Coords, start, end, *options: Any) -> None:
+    def chord(
+        self,
+        xy: Coords,
+        pen: Pen | Brush | None,
+        start: float,
+        end: float,
+        *options: Any,
+    ) -> None:
         """
         Same as :py:meth:`~PIL.ImageDraw2.Draw.arc`, but connects the end points
         with a straight line.
 
         .. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.chord`
         """
-        self.render("chord", xy, start, end, *options)
+        self.render("chord", xy, pen, *options, start=start, end=end)
 
-    def ellipse(self, xy: Coords, *options: Any) -> None:
+    def ellipse(self, xy: Coords, pen: Pen | Brush | None, *options: Any) -> None:
         """
         Draws an ellipse inside the given bounding box.
 
         .. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.ellipse`
         """
-        self.render("ellipse", xy, *options)
+        self.render("ellipse", xy, pen, *options)
 
-    def line(self, xy: Coords, *options: Any) -> None:
+    def line(self, xy: Coords, pen: Pen | Brush | None, *options: Any) -> None:
         """
         Draws a line between the coordinates in the ``xy`` list.
 
         .. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.line`
         """
-        self.render("line", xy, *options)
+        self.render("line", xy, pen, *options)
 
-    def pieslice(self, xy: Coords, start, end, *options: Any) -> None:
+    def pieslice(
+        self,
+        xy: Coords,
+        pen: Pen | Brush | None,
+        start: float,
+        end: float,
+        *options: Any,
+    ) -> None:
         """
         Same as arc, but also draws straight lines between the end points and the
         center of the bounding box.
 
         .. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.pieslice`
         """
-        self.render("pieslice", xy, start, end, *options)
+        self.render("pieslice", xy, pen, *options, start=start, end=end)
 
-    def polygon(self, xy: Coords, *options: Any) -> None:
+    def polygon(self, xy: Coords, pen: Pen | Brush | None, *options: Any) -> None:
         """
         Draws a polygon.
 
@@ -165,15 +195,15 @@ class Draw:
 
         .. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.polygon`
         """
-        self.render("polygon", xy, *options)
+        self.render("polygon", xy, pen, *options)
 
-    def rectangle(self, xy: Coords, *options: Any) -> None:
+    def rectangle(self, xy: Coords, pen: Pen | Brush | None, *options: Any) -> None:
         """
         Draws a rectangle.
 
         .. seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.rectangle`
         """
-        self.render("rectangle", xy, *options)
+        self.render("rectangle", xy, pen, *options)
 
     def text(self, xy: tuple[float, float], text: AnyStr, font: Font) -> None:
         """

src/PIL/ImageFile.py

@@ -31,14 +31,18 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import abc
 import io
 import itertools
+import os
 import struct
 import sys
-from typing import IO, Any, NamedTuple
+from typing import IO, TYPE_CHECKING, Any, NamedTuple, cast
 
 from . import Image
 from ._deprecate import deprecate
 from ._util import is_path
 
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ._typing import StrOrBytesPath
+
 MAXBLOCK = 65536
 
 SAFEBLOCK = 1024 * 1024
@@ -93,7 +97,7 @@ def _tilesort(t: _Tile) -> int:
 
 class _Tile(NamedTuple):
     codec_name: str
-    extents: tuple[int, int, int, int]
+    extents: tuple[int, int, int, int] | None
     offset: int
     args: tuple[Any, ...] | str | None
 
@@ -106,32 +110,34 @@ class _Tile(NamedTuple):
 class ImageFile(Image.Image):
     """Base class for image file format handlers."""
 
-    def __init__(self, fp=None, filename=None):
+    def __init__(
+        self, fp: StrOrBytesPath | IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes | None = None
+    ) -> None:
         super().__init__()
 
         self._min_frame = 0
 
-        self.custom_mimetype = None
+        self.custom_mimetype: str | None = None
 
-        self.tile = None
+        self.tile: list[_Tile] = []
         """ A list of tile descriptors, or ``None`` """
 
         self.readonly = 1  # until we know better
 
-        self.decoderconfig = ()
+        self.decoderconfig: tuple[Any, ...] = ()
         self.decodermaxblock = MAXBLOCK
 
         if is_path(fp):
             # filename
             self.fp = open(fp, "rb")
-            self.filename = fp
+            self.filename = os.path.realpath(os.fspath(fp))
             self._exclusive_fp = True
         else:
             # stream
-            self.fp = fp
+            self.fp = cast(IO[bytes], fp)
-            self.filename = filename
+            self.filename = filename if filename is not None else ""
             # can be overridden
-            self._exclusive_fp = None
+            self._exclusive_fp = False
 
         try:
             try:
@@ -154,6 +160,9 @@ class ImageFile(Image.Image):
                 self.fp.close()
             raise
 
+    def _open(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
     def get_format_mimetype(self) -> str | None:
         if self.custom_mimetype:
             return self.custom_mimetype
@@ -174,10 +183,10 @@ class ImageFile(Image.Image):
             self.fp.close()
         self.fp = None
 
-    def load(self):
+    def load(self) -> Image.core.PixelAccess | None:
         """Load image data based on tile list"""
 
-        if self.tile is None:
+        if not self.tile and self._im is None:
             msg = "cannot load this image"
             raise OSError(msg)
 
@@ -185,7 +194,7 @@ class ImageFile(Image.Image):
         if not self.tile:
             return pixel
 
-        self.map = None
+        self.map: mmap.mmap | None = None
         use_mmap = self.filename and len(self.tile) == 1
         # As of pypy 2.1.0, memory mapping was failing here.
         use_mmap = use_mmap and not hasattr(sys, "pypy_version_info")
@@ -193,17 +202,17 @@ class ImageFile(Image.Image):
         readonly = 0
 
         # look for read/seek overrides
-        try:
+        if hasattr(self, "load_read"):
             read = self.load_read
             # don't use mmap if there are custom read/seek functions
             use_mmap = False
-        except AttributeError:
+        else:
             read = self.fp.read
 
-        try:
+        if hasattr(self, "load_seek"):
             seek = self.load_seek
             use_mmap = False
-        except AttributeError:
+        else:
             seek = self.fp.seek
 
         if use_mmap:
@@ -213,6 +222,7 @@ class ImageFile(Image.Image):
                 args = (args, 0, 1)
             if (
                 decoder_name == "raw"
+                and isinstance(args, tuple)
                 and len(args) >= 3
                 and args[0] == self.mode
                 and args[0] in Image._MAPMODES
@@ -243,11 +253,8 @@ class ImageFile(Image.Image):
             # sort tiles in file order
             self.tile.sort(key=_tilesort)
 
-            try:
             # FIXME: This is a hack to handle TIFF's JpegTables tag.
-                prefix = self.tile_prefix
+            prefix = getattr(self, "tile_prefix", b"")
-            except AttributeError:
-                prefix = b""
 
             # Remove consecutive duplicates that only differ by their offset
             self.tile = [
@@ -315,7 +322,7 @@ class ImageFile(Image.Image):
 
     def load_prepare(self) -> None:
         # create image memory if necessary
-        if not self.im or self.im.mode != self.mode or self.im.size != self.size:
+        if self._im is None or self.im.mode != self.mode or self.im.size != self.size:
             self.im = Image.core.new(self.mode, self.size)
         # create palette (optional)
         if self.mode == "P":
@@ -525,7 +532,7 @@ class Parser:
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
-def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], tile, bufsize: int = 0) -> None:
+def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], tile: list[_Tile], bufsize: int = 0) -> None:
     """Helper to save image based on tile list
 
     :param im: Image object.
@@ -558,7 +565,7 @@ def _encode_tile(
     fp: IO[bytes],
     tile: list[_Tile],
     bufsize: int,
-    fh,
+    fh: int | None,
     exc: BaseException | None = None,
 ) -> None:
     for encoder_name, extents, offset, args in tile:
@@ -580,6 +587,7 @@ def _encode_tile(
                             break
                 else:
                     # slight speedup: compress to real file object
+                    assert fh is not None
                     errcode = encoder.encode_to_file(fh, bufsize)
             if errcode < 0:
                 raise _get_oserror(errcode, encoder=True) from exc
@@ -737,19 +745,22 @@ class PyDecoder(PyCodec):
         msg = "unavailable in base decoder"
         raise NotImplementedError(msg)
 
-    def set_as_raw(self, data: bytes, rawmode=None) -> None:
+    def set_as_raw(
+        self, data: bytes, rawmode: str | None = None, extra: tuple[Any, ...] = ()
+    ) -> None:
         """
         Convenience method to set the internal image from a stream of raw data
 
         :param data: Bytes to be set
         :param rawmode: The rawmode to be used for the decoder.
             If not specified, it will default to the mode of the image
+        :param extra: Extra arguments for the decoder.
         :returns: None
         """
 
         if not rawmode:
             rawmode = self.mode
-        d = Image._getdecoder(self.mode, "raw", rawmode)
+        d = Image._getdecoder(self.mode, "raw", rawmode, extra)
         assert self.im is not None
         d.setimage(self.im, self.state.extents())
         s = d.decode(data)
@@ -804,7 +815,7 @@ class PyEncoder(PyCodec):
             self.fd.write(data)
         return bytes_consumed, errcode
 
-    def encode_to_file(self, fh: IO[bytes], bufsize: int) -> int:
+    def encode_to_file(self, fh: int, bufsize: int) -> int:
         """
         :param fh: File handle.
         :param bufsize: Buffer size.
@@ -817,5 +828,5 @@ class PyEncoder(PyCodec):
         while errcode == 0:
             status, errcode, buf = self.encode(bufsize)
             if status > 0:
-                fh.write(buf[status:])
+                os.write(fh, buf[status:])
         return errcode

src/PIL/ImageFont.py

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ import warnings
 from enum import IntEnum
 from io import BytesIO
 from types import ModuleType
-from typing import IO, TYPE_CHECKING, Any, BinaryIO, TypedDict
+from typing import IO, TYPE_CHECKING, Any, BinaryIO, TypedDict, cast
 
 from . import Image
 from ._typing import StrOrBytesPath
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ class FreeTypeFont:
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        font: StrOrBytesPath | BinaryIO | None = None,
+        font: StrOrBytesPath | BinaryIO,
         size: float = 10,
         index: int = 0,
         encoding: str = "",
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ class FreeTypeFont:
 
         self.layout_engine = layout_engine
 
-        def load_from_bytes(f) -> None:
+        def load_from_bytes(f: IO[bytes]) -> None:
             self.font_bytes = f.read()
             self.font = core.getfont(
                 "", size, index, encoding, self.font_bytes, layout_engine
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ class FreeTypeFont:
                 font, size, index, encoding, layout_engine=layout_engine
             )
         else:
-            load_from_bytes(font)
+            load_from_bytes(cast(IO[bytes], font))
 
     def __getstate__(self) -> list[Any]:
         return [self.path, self.size, self.index, self.encoding, self.layout_engine]
@@ -781,7 +781,7 @@ def load(filename: str) -> ImageFont:
 
 
 def truetype(
-    font: StrOrBytesPath | BinaryIO | None = None,
+    font: StrOrBytesPath | BinaryIO,
     size: float = 10,
     index: int = 0,
     encoding: str = "",
@@ -852,7 +852,7 @@ def truetype(
     :exception ValueError: If the font size is not greater than zero.
     """
 
-    def freetype(font: StrOrBytesPath | BinaryIO | None) -> FreeTypeFont:
+    def freetype(font: StrOrBytesPath | BinaryIO) -> FreeTypeFont:
         return FreeTypeFont(font, size, index, encoding, layout_engine)
 
     try:

src/PIL/ImageQt.py

@@ -19,14 +19,23 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import sys
 from io import BytesIO
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Callable
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Union
 
 from . import Image
 from ._util import is_path
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import PyQt6
+    import PySide6
+
     from . import ImageFile
 
+    QBuffer: type
+    QByteArray = Union[PyQt6.QtCore.QByteArray, PySide6.QtCore.QByteArray]
+    QIODevice = Union[PyQt6.QtCore.QIODevice, PySide6.QtCore.QIODevice]
+    QImage = Union[PyQt6.QtGui.QImage, PySide6.QtGui.QImage]
+    QPixmap = Union[PyQt6.QtGui.QPixmap, PySide6.QtGui.QPixmap]
+
 qt_version: str | None
 qt_versions = [
     ["6", "PyQt6"],
@@ -37,10 +46,6 @@ qt_versions = [
 qt_versions.sort(key=lambda version: version[1] in sys.modules, reverse=True)
 for version, qt_module in qt_versions:
     try:
-        QBuffer: type
-        QIODevice: type
-        QImage: type
-        QPixmap: type
         qRgba: Callable[[int, int, int, int], int]
         if qt_module == "PyQt6":
             from PyQt6.QtCore import QBuffer, QIODevice
@@ -65,19 +70,20 @@ def rgb(r: int, g: int, b: int, a: int = 255) -> int:
     return qRgba(r, g, b, a) & 0xFFFFFFFF
 
 
-def fromqimage(im):
+def fromqimage(im: QImage | QPixmap) -> ImageFile.ImageFile:
     """
     :param im: QImage or PIL ImageQt object
     """
     buffer = QBuffer()
+    qt_openmode: object
     if qt_version == "6":
         try:
-            qt_openmode = QIODevice.OpenModeFlag
+            qt_openmode = getattr(QIODevice, "OpenModeFlag")
         except AttributeError:
-            qt_openmode = QIODevice.OpenMode
+            qt_openmode = getattr(QIODevice, "OpenMode")
     else:
         qt_openmode = QIODevice
-    buffer.open(qt_openmode.ReadWrite)
+    buffer.open(getattr(qt_openmode, "ReadWrite"))
     # preserve alpha channel with png
     # otherwise ppm is more friendly with Image.open
     if im.hasAlphaChannel():
@@ -93,7 +99,7 @@ def fromqimage(im):
     return Image.open(b)
 
 
-def fromqpixmap(im) -> ImageFile.ImageFile:
+def fromqpixmap(im: QPixmap) -> ImageFile.ImageFile:
     return fromqimage(im)
 
 
@@ -123,7 +129,7 @@ def align8to32(bytes: bytes, width: int, mode: str) -> bytes:
     return b"".join(new_data)
 
 
-def _toqclass_helper(im):
+def _toqclass_helper(im: Image.Image | str | QByteArray) -> dict[str, Any]:
     data = None
     colortable = None
     exclusive_fp = False
@@ -135,30 +141,32 @@ def _toqclass_helper(im):
     if is_path(im):
         im = Image.open(im)
         exclusive_fp = True
+    assert isinstance(im, Image.Image)
 
-    qt_format = QImage.Format if qt_version == "6" else QImage
+    qt_format = getattr(QImage, "Format") if qt_version == "6" else QImage
     if im.mode == "1":
-        format = qt_format.Format_Mono
+        format = getattr(qt_format, "Format_Mono")
     elif im.mode == "L":
-        format = qt_format.Format_Indexed8
+        format = getattr(qt_format, "Format_Indexed8")
         colortable = [rgb(i, i, i) for i in range(256)]
     elif im.mode == "P":
-        format = qt_format.Format_Indexed8
+        format = getattr(qt_format, "Format_Indexed8")
         palette = im.getpalette()
+        assert palette is not None
         colortable = [rgb(*palette[i : i + 3]) for i in range(0, len(palette), 3)]
     elif im.mode == "RGB":
         # Populate the 4th channel with 255
         im = im.convert("RGBA")
 
         data = im.tobytes("raw", "BGRA")
-        format = qt_format.Format_RGB32
+        format = getattr(qt_format, "Format_RGB32")
     elif im.mode == "RGBA":
         data = im.tobytes("raw", "BGRA")
-        format = qt_format.Format_ARGB32
+        format = getattr(qt_format, "Format_ARGB32")
     elif im.mode == "I;16":
         im = im.point(lambda i: i * 256)
 
-        format = qt_format.Format_Grayscale16
+        format = getattr(qt_format, "Format_Grayscale16")
     else:
         if exclusive_fp:
             im.close()
@@ -174,8 +182,8 @@ def _toqclass_helper(im):
 
 if qt_is_installed:
 
-    class ImageQt(QImage):
+    class ImageQt(QImage):  # type: ignore[misc]
-        def __init__(self, im) -> None:
+        def __init__(self, im: Image.Image | str | QByteArray) -> None:
             """
             An PIL image wrapper for Qt.  This is a subclass of PyQt's QImage
             class.
@@ -199,10 +207,10 @@ if qt_is_installed:
                 self.setColorTable(im_data["colortable"])
 
 
-def toqimage(im) -> ImageQt:
+def toqimage(im: Image.Image | str | QByteArray) -> ImageQt:
     return ImageQt(im)
 
 
-def toqpixmap(im):
+def toqpixmap(im: Image.Image | str | QByteArray) -> QPixmap:
     qimage = toqimage(im)
-    return QPixmap.fromImage(qimage)
+    return getattr(QPixmap, "fromImage")(qimage)

src/PIL/ImageTk.py

@@ -127,10 +127,7 @@ class PhotoImage:
                 # palette mapped data
                 image.apply_transparency()
                 image.load()
-                try:
+                mode = image.palette.mode if image.palette else "RGB"
-                    mode = image.palette.mode
-                except AttributeError:
-                    mode = "RGB"  # default
             size = image.size
             kw["width"], kw["height"] = size
 

src/PIL/ImtImagePlugin.py

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class ImtImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             if s == b"\x0C":
                 # image data begins
                 self.tile = [
-                    (
+                    ImageFile._Tile(
                         "raw",
                         (0, 0) + self.size,
                         self.fp.tell() - len(buffer),

src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py

@@ -147,7 +147,9 @@ class IptcImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
 
         # tile
         if tag == (8, 10):
-            self.tile = [("iptc", (0, 0) + self.size, offset, compression)]
+            self.tile = [
+                ImageFile._Tile("iptc", (0, 0) + self.size, offset, compression)
+            ]
 
     def load(self) -> Image.core.PixelAccess | None:
         if len(self.tile) != 1 or self.tile[0][0] != "iptc":
@@ -199,9 +201,13 @@ def getiptcinfo(
 
     data = None
 
+    info: dict[tuple[int, int], bytes | list[bytes]] = {}
     if isinstance(im, IptcImageFile):
         # return info dictionary right away
-        return im.info
+        for k, v in im.info.items():
+            if isinstance(k, tuple):
+                info[k] = v
+        return info
 
     elif isinstance(im, JpegImagePlugin.JpegImageFile):
         # extract the IPTC/NAA resource
@@ -213,8 +219,8 @@ def getiptcinfo(
         # get raw data from the IPTC/NAA tag (PhotoShop tags the data
         # as 4-byte integers, so we cannot use the get method...)
         try:
-            data = im.tag.tagdata[TiffImagePlugin.IPTC_NAA_CHUNK]
+            data = im.tag_v2[TiffImagePlugin.IPTC_NAA_CHUNK]
-        except (AttributeError, KeyError):
+        except KeyError:
             pass
 
     if data is None:
@@ -237,4 +243,7 @@ def getiptcinfo(
     except (IndexError, KeyError):
         pass  # expected failure
 
-    return iptc_im.info
+    for k, v in iptc_im.info.items():
+        if isinstance(k, tuple):
+            info[k] = v
+    return info

src/PIL/Jpeg2KImagePlugin.py

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import io
 import os
 import struct
+from collections.abc import Callable
 from typing import IO, cast
 
 from . import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette, _binary
@@ -205,7 +206,7 @@ def _parse_jp2_header(
                 if bitdepth > max_bitdepth:
                     max_bitdepth = bitdepth
             if max_bitdepth <= 8:
-                palette = ImagePalette.ImagePalette()
+                palette = ImagePalette.ImagePalette("RGBA" if npc == 4 else "RGB")
                 for i in range(ne):
                     color: list[int] = []
                     for value in header.read_fields(">" + ("B" * npc)):
@@ -286,7 +287,7 @@ class Jpeg2KImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
                 length = -1
 
         self.tile = [
-            (
+            ImageFile._Tile(
                 "jpeg2k",
                 (0, 0) + self.size,
                 0,
@@ -316,8 +317,13 @@ class Jpeg2KImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             else:
                 self.fp.seek(length - 2, os.SEEK_CUR)
 
-    @property
+    @property  # type: ignore[override]
-    def reduce(self):
+    def reduce(
+        self,
+    ) -> (
+        Callable[[int | tuple[int, int], tuple[int, int, int, int] | None], Image.Image]
+        | int
+    ):
         # https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/4343 found that the
         # new Image 'reduce' method was shadowed by this plugin's 'reduce'
         # property. This attempts to allow for both scenarios
@@ -338,8 +344,9 @@ class Jpeg2KImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
 
             # Update the reduce and layers settings
             t = self.tile[0]
+            assert isinstance(t[3], tuple)
             t3 = (t[3][0], self._reduce, self.layers, t[3][3], t[3][4])
-            self.tile = [(t[0], (0, 0) + self.size, t[2], t3)]
+            self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile(t[0], (0, 0) + self.size, t[2], t3)]
 
         return ImageFile.ImageFile.load(self)
 
@@ -419,7 +426,7 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
         plt,
     )
 
-    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("jpeg2k", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, kind)])
+    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("jpeg2k", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, kind)])
 
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------

src/PIL/JpegImagePlugin.py

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ from ._binary import i16be as i16
 from ._binary import i32be as i32
 from ._binary import o8
 from ._binary import o16be as o16
+from ._deprecate import deprecate
 from .JpegPresets import presets
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -346,8 +347,8 @@ class JpegImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
 
         # JPEG specifics (internal)
         self.layer: list[tuple[int, int, int, int]] = []
-        self.huffman_dc: dict[Any, Any] = {}
+        self._huffman_dc: dict[Any, Any] = {}
-        self.huffman_ac: dict[Any, Any] = {}
+        self._huffman_ac: dict[Any, Any] = {}
         self.quantization: dict[int, list[int]] = {}
         self.app: dict[str, bytes] = {}  # compatibility
         self.applist: list[tuple[str, bytes]] = []
@@ -371,7 +372,9 @@ class JpegImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
                     rawmode = self.mode
                     if self.mode == "CMYK":
                         rawmode = "CMYK;I"  # assume adobe conventions
-                    self.tile = [("jpeg", (0, 0) + self.size, 0, (rawmode, ""))]
+                    self.tile = [
+                        ImageFile._Tile("jpeg", (0, 0) + self.size, 0, (rawmode, ""))
+                    ]
                     # self.__offset = self.fp.tell()
                     break
                 s = self.fp.read(1)
@@ -386,6 +389,12 @@ class JpegImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
 
         self._read_dpi_from_exif()
 
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> Any:
+        if name in ("huffman_ac", "huffman_dc"):
+            deprecate(name, 12)
+            return getattr(self, "_" + name)
+        raise AttributeError(name)
+
     def load_read(self, read_bytes: int) -> bytes:
         """
         internal: read more image data
@@ -416,6 +425,7 @@ class JpegImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         scale = 1
         original_size = self.size
 
+        assert isinstance(a, tuple)
         if a[0] == "RGB" and mode in ["L", "YCbCr"]:
             self._mode = mode
             a = mode, ""
@@ -425,6 +435,7 @@ class JpegImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             for s in [8, 4, 2, 1]:
                 if scale >= s:
                     break
+            assert e is not None
             e = (
                 e[0],
                 e[1],
@@ -434,7 +445,7 @@ class JpegImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             self._size = ((self.size[0] + s - 1) // s, (self.size[1] + s - 1) // s)
             scale = s
 
-        self.tile = [(d, e, o, a)]
+        self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile(d, e, o, a)]
         self.decoderconfig = (scale, 0)
 
         box = (0, 0, original_size[0] / scale, original_size[1] / scale)
@@ -740,17 +751,27 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
     extra = info.get("extra", b"")
 
     MAX_BYTES_IN_MARKER = 65533
+    xmp = info.get("xmp", im.info.get("xmp"))
+    if xmp:
+        overhead_len = 29  # b"http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/\x00"
+        max_data_bytes_in_marker = MAX_BYTES_IN_MARKER - overhead_len
+        if len(xmp) > max_data_bytes_in_marker:
+            msg = "XMP data is too long"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+        size = o16(2 + overhead_len + len(xmp))
+        extra += b"\xFF\xE1" + size + b"http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/\x00" + xmp
+
     icc_profile = info.get("icc_profile")
     if icc_profile:
-        ICC_OVERHEAD_LEN = 14
+        overhead_len = 14  # b"ICC_PROFILE\0" + o8(i) + o8(len(markers))
-        MAX_DATA_BYTES_IN_MARKER = MAX_BYTES_IN_MARKER - ICC_OVERHEAD_LEN
+        max_data_bytes_in_marker = MAX_BYTES_IN_MARKER - overhead_len
         markers = []
         while icc_profile:
-            markers.append(icc_profile[:MAX_DATA_BYTES_IN_MARKER])
+            markers.append(icc_profile[:max_data_bytes_in_marker])
-            icc_profile = icc_profile[MAX_DATA_BYTES_IN_MARKER:]
+            icc_profile = icc_profile[max_data_bytes_in_marker:]
         i = 1
         for marker in markers:
-            size = o16(2 + ICC_OVERHEAD_LEN + len(marker))
+            size = o16(2 + overhead_len + len(marker))
             extra += (
                 b"\xFF\xE2"
                 + size
@@ -819,7 +840,9 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
         # Ensure that our buffer is big enough. Same with the icc_profile block.
         bufsize = max(bufsize, len(exif) + 5, len(extra) + 1)
 
-    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("jpeg", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)], bufsize)
+    ImageFile._save(
+        im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("jpeg", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)], bufsize
+    )
 
 
 def _save_cjpeg(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
@@ -835,7 +858,7 @@ def _save_cjpeg(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
 ##
 # Factory for making JPEG and MPO instances
 def jpeg_factory(
-    fp: IO[bytes] | None = None, filename: str | bytes | None = None
+    fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes | None = None
 ) -> JpegImageFile | MpoImageFile:
     im = JpegImageFile(fp, filename)
     try:

src/PIL/McIdasImagePlugin.py

@@ -67,7 +67,9 @@ class McIdasImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         offset = w[34] + w[15]
         stride = w[15] + w[10] * w[11] * w[14]
 
-        self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offset, (rawmode, stride, 1))]
+        self.tile = [
+            ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offset, (rawmode, stride, 1))
+        ]
 
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------

src/PIL/MpoImagePlugin.py

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ from typing import IO, Any, cast
 
 from . import (
     Image,
+    ImageFile,
     ImageSequence,
     JpegImagePlugin,
     TiffImagePlugin,
@@ -145,7 +146,9 @@ class MpoImageFile(JpegImagePlugin.JpegImageFile):
         if self.info.get("exif") != original_exif:
             self._reload_exif()
 
-        self.tile = [("jpeg", (0, 0) + self.size, self.offset, self.tile[0][-1])]
+        self.tile = [
+            ImageFile._Tile("jpeg", (0, 0) + self.size, self.offset, self.tile[0][-1])
+        ]
         self.__frame = frame
 
     def tell(self) -> int:

src/PIL/MspImagePlugin.py

@@ -70,9 +70,9 @@ class MspImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         self._size = i16(s, 4), i16(s, 6)
 
         if s[:4] == b"DanM":
-            self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, 32, ("1", 0, 1))]
+            self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, 32, ("1", 0, 1))]
         else:
-            self.tile = [("MSP", (0, 0) + self.size, 32, None)]
+            self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("MSP", (0, 0) + self.size, 32, None)]
 
 
 class MspDecoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class MspDecoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
                 msg = f"Corrupted MSP file in row {x}"
                 raise OSError(msg) from e
 
-        self.set_as_raw(img.getvalue(), ("1", 0, 1))
+        self.set_as_raw(img.getvalue(), "1")
 
         return -1, 0
 
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
         fp.write(o16(h))
 
     # image body
-    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 32, ("1", 0, 1))])
+    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 32, ("1", 0, 1))])
 
 
 #

src/PIL/PSDraw.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import sys
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import IO, TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from . import EpsImagePlugin
 
@@ -28,15 +28,12 @@ from . import EpsImagePlugin
 class PSDraw:
     """
     Sets up printing to the given file. If ``fp`` is omitted,
-    ``sys.stdout.buffer`` or ``sys.stdout`` is assumed.
+    ``sys.stdout.buffer`` is assumed.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, fp=None):
+    def __init__(self, fp: IO[bytes] | None = None) -> None:
         if not fp:
-            try:
             fp = sys.stdout.buffer
-            except AttributeError:
-                fp = sys.stdout
         self.fp = fp
 
     def begin_document(self, id: str | None = None) -> None:

src/PIL/PalmImagePlugin.py

@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
 
     flags = 0
     if im.mode == "P" and "custom-colormap" in im.info:
+        assert im.palette is not None
         flags = flags & _FLAGS["custom-colormap"]
         colormapsize = 4 * 256 + 2
         colormapmode = im.palette.mode
@@ -213,7 +214,9 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
                 )
 
     # now convert data to raw form
-    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, rowbytes, 1))])
+    ImageFile._save(
+        im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, rowbytes, 1))]
+    )
 
     if hasattr(fp, "flush"):
         fp.flush()

src/PIL/PcdImagePlugin.py

@@ -47,13 +47,11 @@ class PcdImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
 
         self._mode = "RGB"
         self._size = 768, 512  # FIXME: not correct for rotated images!
-        self.tile = [("pcd", (0, 0) + self.size, 96 * 2048, None)]
+        self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("pcd", (0, 0) + self.size, 96 * 2048, None)]
 
     def load_end(self) -> None:
         if self.tile_post_rotate:
             # Handle rotated PCDs
-            assert self.im is not None
-
             self.im = self.im.rotate(self.tile_post_rotate)
             self._size = self.im.size
 

src/PIL/PcxImagePlugin.py

@@ -128,7 +128,9 @@ class PcxImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         bbox = (0, 0) + self.size
         logger.debug("size: %sx%s", *self.size)
 
-        self.tile = [("pcx", bbox, self.fp.tell(), (rawmode, planes * stride))]
+        self.tile = [
+            ImageFile._Tile("pcx", bbox, self.fp.tell(), (rawmode, planes * stride))
+        ]
 
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -198,12 +200,12 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
 
     assert fp.tell() == 128
 
-    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("pcx", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, bits * planes))])
+    ImageFile._save(
+        im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("pcx", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, bits * planes))]
+    )
 
     if im.mode == "P":
         # colour palette
-        assert im.im is not None
-
         fp.write(o8(12))
         palette = im.im.getpalette("RGB", "RGB")
         palette += b"\x00" * (768 - len(palette))

src/PIL/PdfImagePlugin.py

@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ def _write_image(
     op = io.BytesIO()
 
     if decode_filter == "ASCIIHexDecode":
-        ImageFile._save(im, op, [("hex", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, im.mode)])
+        ImageFile._save(im, op, [ImageFile._Tile("hex", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, im.mode)])
     elif decode_filter == "CCITTFaxDecode":
         im.save(
             op,

src/PIL/PixarImagePlugin.py

@@ -61,7 +61,9 @@ class PixarImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         # FIXME: to be continued...
 
         # create tile descriptor (assuming "dumped")
-        self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, 1024, (self.mode, 0, 1))]
+        self.tile = [
+            ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, 1024, (self.mode, 0, 1))
+        ]
 
 
 #