Merge branch 'main' into pdf

.appveyor.yml

@@ -21,9 +21,11 @@ environment:
 install:
 - '%PYTHON%\%EXECUTABLE% --version'
 - curl -fsSL -o pillow-depends.zip https://github.com/python-pillow/pillow-depends/archive/main.zip
+- curl -fsSL -o pillow-test-images.zip https://github.com/python-pillow/test-images/archive/main.zip
 - 7z x pillow-depends.zip -oc:\
+- 7z x pillow-test-images.zip -oc:\
 - mv c:\pillow-depends-main c:\pillow-depends
-- xcopy /S /Y c:\pillow-depends\test_images\* c:\pillow\tests\images
+- xcopy /S /Y c:\test-images-main\* c:\pillow\tests\images
 - 7z x ..\pillow-depends\nasm-2.15.05-win64.zip -oc:\
 - ..\pillow-depends\gs1000w32.exe /S
 - path c:\nasm-2.15.05;C:\Program Files (x86)\gs\gs10.0.0\bin;%PATH%

.ci/install.sh

@@ -37,7 +37,8 @@ python3 -m pip install -U pytest-timeout
 python3 -m pip install pyroma
 
 if [[ $(uname) != CYGWIN* ]]; then
-    python3 -m pip install numpy
+    # TODO Remove condition when NumPy supports 3.12
+    if ! [ "$GHA_PYTHON_VERSION" == "3.12-dev" ]; then python3 -m pip install numpy ; fi
 
     # PyQt6 doesn't support PyPy3
     if [[ $GHA_PYTHON_VERSION == 3.* ]]; then

.github/workflows/cifuzz.yml

@@ -3,10 +3,12 @@ name: CIFuzz
 on:
   push:
     paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/cifuzz.yml"
       - "**.c"
       - "**.h"
   pull_request:
     paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/cifuzz.yml"
       - "**.c"
       - "**.h"
   workflow_dispatch:
@@ -14,7 +16,7 @@ on:
 permissions:
   contents: read
 
-concurrency: 
+concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 

.github/workflows/docs.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+name: Docs
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/docs.yml"
+      - "docs/**"
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/docs.yml"
+      - "docs/**"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    name: Docs
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+
+    - name: Set up Python
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+      with:
+        python-version: "3.x"
+        cache: pip
+        cache-dependency-path: ".ci/*.sh"
+
+    - name: Build system information
+      run: python3 .github/workflows/system-info.py
+
+    - name: Install Linux dependencies
+      run: |
+        .ci/install.sh
+      env:
+        GHA_PYTHON_VERSION: "3.x"
+
+    - name: Build
+      run: |
+        .ci/build.sh
+
+    - name: Docs
+      run: |
+        make doccheck

.github/workflows/macos-install.sh

@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ python3 -m pip install -U pytest-cov
 python3 -m pip install -U pytest-timeout
 python3 -m pip install pyroma
 
-python3 -m pip install numpy
+# TODO Remove condition when NumPy supports 3.12
+if ! [ "$GHA_PYTHON_VERSION" == "3.12-dev" ]; then python3 -m pip install numpy ; fi
 
 # extra test images
 pushd depends && ./install_extra_test_images.sh && popd

.github/workflows/test-cygwin.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
 name: Test Cygwin
 
-on: [push, pull_request, workflow_dispatch]
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - ".github/workflows/docs.yml"
+      - "docs/**"
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - ".github/workflows/docs.yml"
+      - "docs/**"
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 permissions:
   contents: read
@@ -59,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
             python3${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}-sip
             python3${{ matrix.python-minor-version }}-tkinter
             qt5-devel-tools
-            subversion
+            wget
             xorg-server-extra
             zlib-devel
 

.github/workflows/test-docker.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
 name: Test Docker
 
-on: [push, pull_request, workflow_dispatch]
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - ".github/workflows/docs.yml"
+      - "docs/**"
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - ".github/workflows/docs.yml"
+      - "docs/**"
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 permissions:
   contents: read
@@ -87,6 +96,7 @@ jobs:
       with:
         flags: GHA_Docker
         name: ${{ matrix.docker }}
+        gcov: true
 
   success:
     permissions:

.github/workflows/test-mingw.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
 name: Test MinGW
 
-on: [push, pull_request, workflow_dispatch]
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - ".github/workflows/docs.yml"
+      - "docs/**"
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - ".github/workflows/docs.yml"
+      - "docs/**"
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 permissions:
   contents: read
@@ -59,8 +68,7 @@ jobs:
               ${{ matrix.package }}-python3-numpy \
               ${{ matrix.package }}-python3-olefile \
               ${{ matrix.package }}-python3-pip \
-              ${{ matrix.package }}-python3-setuptools \
+              ${{ matrix.package }}-python3-setuptools
-              subversion
 
           if [ ${{ matrix.package }} == "mingw-w64-x86_64" ]; then
               pacman -S --noconfirm \

.github/workflows/test-valgrind.yml

@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@ name: Test Valgrind
 on:
   push:
     paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/test-valgrind.yml"
       - "**.c"
       - "**.h"
   pull_request:
     paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/test-valgrind.yml"
       - "**.c"
       - "**.h"
   workflow_dispatch:
@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ on:
 permissions:
   contents: read
 
-concurrency: 
+concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 

.github/workflows/test-windows.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
 name: Test Windows
 
-on: [push, pull_request, workflow_dispatch]
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - ".github/workflows/docs.yml"
+      - "docs/**"
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - ".github/workflows/docs.yml"
+      - "docs/**"
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 permissions:
   contents: read
@@ -15,7 +24,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.7", "3.8", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11"]
+        python-version: ["3.7", "3.8", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12-dev"]
         architecture: ["x86", "x64"]
         include:
           # PyPy 7.3.4+ only ships 64-bit binaries for Windows
@@ -38,6 +47,12 @@ jobs:
         repository: python-pillow/pillow-depends
         path: winbuild\depends
 
+    - name: Checkout extra test images
+      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      with:
+        repository: python-pillow/test-images
+        path: Tests\test-images
+
     # sets env: pythonLocation
     - name: Set up Python
       uses: actions/setup-python@v4
@@ -62,7 +77,8 @@ jobs:
         winbuild\depends\gs1000w32.exe /S
         echo "C:\Program Files (x86)\gs\gs10.0.0\bin" >> $env:GITHUB_PATH
 
-        xcopy /S /Y winbuild\depends\test_images\* Tests\images\
+        # Install extra test images
+        xcopy /S /Y Tests\test-images\* Tests\images
 
         # make cache key depend on VS version
         & "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\Installer\vswhere.exe" `

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
 name: Test
 
-on: [push, pull_request, workflow_dispatch]
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - ".github/workflows/docs.yml"
+      - "docs/**"
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - ".github/workflows/docs.yml"
+      - "docs/**"
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 permissions:
   contents: read
@@ -22,6 +31,7 @@ jobs:
         python-version: [
           "pypy3.9",
           "pypy3.8",
+          "3.12-dev",
           "3.11",
           "3.10",
           "3.9",
@@ -95,11 +105,6 @@ jobs:
         name: errors
         path: Tests/errors
 
-    - name: Docs
-      if: startsWith(matrix.os, 'ubuntu') && matrix.python-version == 3.11
-      run: |
-        make doccheck
-
     - name: After success
       run: |
         .ci/after_success.sh
@@ -107,9 +112,9 @@ jobs:
     - name: Upload coverage
       uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
       with:
-        file: ./coverage.xml
         flags: ${{ matrix.os == 'macos-latest' && 'GHA_macOS' || 'GHA_Ubuntu' }}
         name: ${{ matrix.os }} Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+        gcov: true
 
   success:
     permissions:

.gitignore

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ docs/_build/
 # JetBrains
 .idea
 
-# Extra test images installed from pillow-depends/test_images
+# Extra test images installed from python-pillow/test-images
 Tests/images/README.md
 Tests/images/crash_1.tif
 Tests/images/crash_2.tif

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-    rev: 22.12.0
+    rev: 23.1.0
     hooks:
       - id: black
         args: [--target-version=py37]

CHANGES.rst

@@ -5,6 +5,39 @@ Changelog (Pillow)
 9.5.0 (unreleased)
 ------------------
 
+- Close OleFileIO instance when closing or exiting FPX or MIC #7005
+  [radarhere]
+
+- Added __int__ to IFDRational for Python >= 3.11 #6998
+  [radarhere]
+
+- Added memoryview support to Dib.frombytes() #6988
+  [radarhere, nulano]
+
+- Close file pointer copy in the libtiff encoder if still open #6986
+  [fcarron, radarhere]
+
+- Raise an error if ImageDraw co-ordinates are incorrectly ordered #6978
+  [radarhere]
+
+- Added "corners" argument to ImageDraw rounded_rectangle() #6954
+  [radarhere]
+
+- Added memoryview support to frombytes() #6974
+  [radarhere]
+
+- Allow comments in FITS images #6973
+  [radarhere]
+
+- Support saving PDF with different X and Y resolutions #6961
+  [jvanderneutstulen, radarhere, hugovk]
+
+- Fixed writing int as UNDEFINED tag #6950
+  [radarhere]
+
+- Raise an error if EXIF data is too long when saving JPEG #6939
+  [radarhere]
+
 - Handle more than one directory returned by pkg-config #6896
   [sebastic, radarhere]
 

LICENSE

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ By obtaining, using, and/or copying this software and/or its associated
 documentation, you agree that you have read, understood, and will comply
 with the following terms and conditions:
 
-Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
+Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
-associated documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
+documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
 provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies, and that
 both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting
 documentation, and that the name of Secret Labs AB or the author not be

Tests/check_fli_overflow.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ TEST_FILE = "Tests/images/fli_overflow.fli"
 
 
 def test_fli_overflow():
-
     # this should not crash with a malloc error or access violation
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
         im.load()

Tests/check_png_dos.py

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ def test_ignore_dos_text():
 
 
 def test_dos_text():
-
     try:
         im = Image.open(TEST_FILE)
         im.load()

Tests/helper.py

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 HAS_UPLOADER = False
 
-if os.environ.get("SHOW_ERRORS", None):
+if os.environ.get("SHOW_ERRORS"):
     # local img.show for errors.
     HAS_UPLOADER = True
 
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ def netpbm_available():
 
 def magick_command():
     if sys.platform == "win32":
-        magickhome = os.environ.get("MAGICK_HOME", "")
+        magickhome = os.environ.get("MAGICK_HOME")
         if magickhome:
             imagemagick = [os.path.join(magickhome, "convert.exe")]
             graphicsmagick = [os.path.join(magickhome, "gm.exe"), "convert"]

Tests/test_bmp_reference.py

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ def test_bad():
     """These shouldn't crash/dos, but they shouldn't return anything
     either"""
     for f in get_files("b"):
-
         # Assert that there is no unclosed file warning
         with warnings.catch_warnings():
             try:

Tests/test_core_resources.py

@@ -177,13 +177,14 @@ class TestEnvVars:
         Image._apply_env_variables({"PILLOW_BLOCK_SIZE": "2m"})
         assert Image.core.get_block_size() == 2 * 1024 * 1024
 
-    def test_warnings(self):
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        pytest.warns(
+        "var",
-            UserWarning, Image._apply_env_variables, {"PILLOW_ALIGNMENT": "15"}
+        (
-        )
+            {"PILLOW_ALIGNMENT": "15"},
-        pytest.warns(
+            {"PILLOW_BLOCK_SIZE": "1024"},
-            UserWarning, Image._apply_env_variables, {"PILLOW_BLOCK_SIZE": "1024"}
+            {"PILLOW_BLOCKS_MAX": "wat"},
-        )
+        ),
-        pytest.warns(
+    )
-            UserWarning, Image._apply_env_variables, {"PILLOW_BLOCKS_MAX": "wat"}
+    def test_warnings(self, var):
-        )
+        with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
+            Image._apply_env_variables(var)

Tests/test_decompression_bomb.py

@@ -36,12 +36,10 @@ class TestDecompressionBomb:
         Image.MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS = 128 * 128 - 1
         assert Image.MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS == 128 * 128 - 1
 
-        def open():
+        with pytest.warns(Image.DecompressionBombWarning):
             with Image.open(TEST_FILE):
                 pass
 
-        pytest.warns(Image.DecompressionBombWarning, open)
-
     def test_exception(self):
         # Set limit to trigger exception on the test file
         Image.MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS = 64 * 128 - 1
@@ -87,7 +85,8 @@ class TestDecompressionCrop:
         # same decompression bomb warnings on them.
         with hopper() as src:
             box = (0, 0, src.width * 2, src.height * 2)
-            pytest.warns(Image.DecompressionBombWarning, src.crop, box)
+            with pytest.warns(Image.DecompressionBombWarning):
+                src.crop(box)
 
     def test_crop_decompression_checks(self):
         im = Image.new("RGB", (100, 100))
@@ -95,7 +94,8 @@ class TestDecompressionCrop:
         for value in ((-9999, -9999, -9990, -9990), (-999, -999, -990, -990)):
             assert im.crop(value).size == (9, 9)
 
-        pytest.warns(Image.DecompressionBombWarning, im.crop, (-160, -160, 99, 99))
+        with pytest.warns(Image.DecompressionBombWarning):
+            im.crop((-160, -160, 99, 99))
 
         with pytest.raises(Image.DecompressionBombError):
             im.crop((-99909, -99990, 99999, 99999))

Tests/test_file_apng.py

@@ -263,13 +263,11 @@ def test_apng_chunk_errors():
     with Image.open("Tests/images/apng/chunk_no_actl.png") as im:
         assert not im.is_animated
 
-    def open():
+    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
         with Image.open("Tests/images/apng/chunk_multi_actl.png") as im:
             im.load()
         assert not im.is_animated
 
-    pytest.warns(UserWarning, open)
-
     with Image.open("Tests/images/apng/chunk_actl_after_idat.png") as im:
         assert not im.is_animated
 
@@ -287,21 +285,17 @@ def test_apng_chunk_errors():
 
 
 def test_apng_syntax_errors():
-    def open_frames_zero():
+    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
         with Image.open("Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_zero.png") as im:
             assert not im.is_animated
             with pytest.raises(OSError):
                 im.load()
 
-    pytest.warns(UserWarning, open_frames_zero)
+    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
-
-    def open_frames_zero_default():
         with Image.open("Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_zero_default.png") as im:
             assert not im.is_animated
             im.load()
 
-    pytest.warns(UserWarning, open_frames_zero_default)
-
     # we can handle this case gracefully
     exception = None
     with Image.open("Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_low.png") as im:
@@ -316,13 +310,11 @@ def test_apng_syntax_errors():
             im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)
             im.load()
 
-    def open():
+    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
         with Image.open("Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_invalid.png") as im:
             assert not im.is_animated
             im.load()
 
-    pytest.warns(UserWarning, open)
-
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "test_file",

Tests/test_file_bmp.py

@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ def test_rgba_bitfields():
     # This test image has been manually hexedited
     # to change the bitfield compression in the header from XBGR to RGBA
     with Image.open("Tests/images/rgb32bf-rgba.bmp") as im:
-
         # So before the comparing the image, swap the channels
         b, g, r = im.split()[1:]
         im = Image.merge("RGB", (r, g, b))

Tests/test_file_bufrstub.py

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ TEST_FILE = "Tests/images/gfs.t06z.rassda.tm00.bufr_d"
 def test_open():
     # Act
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Assert
         assert im.format == "BUFR"
 
@@ -31,7 +30,6 @@ def test_invalid_file():
 def test_load():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Act / Assert: stub cannot load without an implemented handler
         with pytest.raises(OSError):
             im.load()
@@ -58,6 +56,7 @@ def test_handler(tmp_path):
 
         def load(self, im):
             self.loaded = True
+            im.fp.close()
             return Image.new("RGB", (1, 1))
 
         def save(self, im, fp, filename):

Tests/test_file_dcx.py

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ def test_sanity():
 
     # Act
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Assert
         assert im.size == (128, 128)
         assert isinstance(im, DcxImagePlugin.DcxImageFile)
@@ -29,7 +28,8 @@ def test_unclosed_file():
         im = Image.open(TEST_FILE)
         im.load()
 
-    pytest.warns(ResourceWarning, open)
+    with pytest.warns(ResourceWarning):
+        open()
 
 
 def test_closed_file():
@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ def test_invalid_file():
 def test_tell():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Act
         frame = im.tell()
 

Tests/test_file_eps.py

@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ def test_invalid_file():
 @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_GHOSTSCRIPT, reason="Ghostscript not available")
 def test_cmyk():
     with Image.open("Tests/images/pil_sample_cmyk.eps") as cmyk_image:
-
         assert cmyk_image.mode == "CMYK"
         assert cmyk_image.size == (100, 100)
         assert cmyk_image.format == "EPS"

Tests/test_file_fits.py

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ TEST_FILE = "Tests/images/hopper.fits"
 def test_open():
     # Act
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Assert
         assert im.format == "FITS"
         assert im.size == (128, 128)
@@ -45,6 +44,12 @@ def test_naxis_zero():
             pass
 
 
+def test_comment():
+    image_data = b"SIMPLE  =                    T / comment string"
+    with pytest.raises(OSError):
+        FitsImagePlugin.FitsImageFile(BytesIO(image_data))
+
+
 def test_stub_deprecated():
     class Handler:
         opened = False
@@ -55,6 +60,7 @@ def test_stub_deprecated():
 
         def load(self, im):
             self.loaded = True
+            im.fp.close()
             return Image.new("RGB", (1, 1))
 
     handler = Handler()

Tests/test_file_fli.py

@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@ def test_unclosed_file():
         im = Image.open(static_test_file)
         im.load()
 
-    pytest.warns(ResourceWarning, open)
+    with pytest.warns(ResourceWarning):
+        open()
 
 
 def test_closed_file():
@@ -64,7 +65,6 @@ def test_context_manager():
 def test_tell():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open(static_test_file) as im:
-
         # Act
         frame = im.tell()
 
@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ def test_eoferror():
 
 def test_seek_tell():
     with Image.open(animated_test_file) as im:
-
         layer_number = im.tell()
         assert layer_number == 0
 

Tests/test_file_fpx.py

@@ -18,6 +18,16 @@ def test_sanity():
         assert_image_equal_tofile(im, "Tests/images/input_bw_one_band.png")
 
 
+def test_close():
+    with Image.open("Tests/images/input_bw_one_band.fpx") as im:
+        pass
+    assert im.ole.fp.closed
+
+    im = Image.open("Tests/images/input_bw_one_band.fpx")
+    im.close()
+    assert im.ole.fp.closed
+
+
 def test_invalid_file():
     # Test an invalid OLE file
     invalid_file = "Tests/images/flower.jpg"

Tests/test_file_gif.py

@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@ def test_unclosed_file():
         im = Image.open(TEST_GIF)
         im.load()
 
-    pytest.warns(ResourceWarning, open)
+    with pytest.warns(ResourceWarning):
+        open()
 
 
 def test_closed_file():
@@ -209,7 +210,7 @@ def test_optimize_if_palette_can_be_reduced_by_half():
         im = im.resize((591, 443))
     im_rgb = im.convert("RGB")
 
-    for (optimize, colors) in ((False, 256), (True, 8)):
+    for optimize, colors in ((False, 256), (True, 8)):
         out = BytesIO()
         im_rgb.save(out, "GIF", optimize=optimize)
         with Image.open(out) as reloaded:
@@ -221,7 +222,6 @@ def test_roundtrip(tmp_path):
     im = hopper()
     im.save(out)
     with Image.open(out) as reread:
-
         assert_image_similar(reread.convert("RGB"), im, 50)
 
 
@@ -232,7 +232,6 @@ def test_roundtrip2(tmp_path):
         im2 = im.copy()
         im2.save(out)
     with Image.open(out) as reread:
-
         assert_image_similar(reread.convert("RGB"), hopper(), 50)
 
 
@@ -242,7 +241,6 @@ def test_roundtrip_save_all(tmp_path):
     im = hopper()
     im.save(out, save_all=True)
     with Image.open(out) as reread:
-
         assert_image_similar(reread.convert("RGB"), im, 50)
 
     # Multiframe image
@@ -284,13 +282,11 @@ def test_headers_saving_for_animated_gifs(tmp_path):
     important_headers = ["background", "version", "duration", "loop"]
     # Multiframe image
     with Image.open("Tests/images/dispose_bgnd.gif") as im:
-
         info = im.info.copy()
 
         out = str(tmp_path / "temp.gif")
         im.save(out, save_all=True)
     with Image.open(out) as reread:
-
         for header in important_headers:
             assert info[header] == reread.info[header]
 
@@ -308,7 +304,6 @@ def test_palette_handling(tmp_path):
         im2.save(f, optimize=True)
 
     with Image.open(f) as reloaded:
-
         assert_image_similar(im, reloaded.convert("RGB"), 10)
 
 
@@ -324,7 +319,6 @@ def test_palette_434(tmp_path):
 
     orig = "Tests/images/test.colors.gif"
     with Image.open(orig) as im:
-
         with roundtrip(im) as reloaded:
             assert_image_similar(im, reloaded, 1)
         with roundtrip(im, optimize=True) as reloaded:
@@ -575,7 +569,6 @@ def test_save_dispose(tmp_path):
     )
 
     with Image.open(out) as img:
-
         for i in range(2):
             img.seek(img.tell() + 1)
             assert img.disposal_method == i + 1
@@ -773,7 +766,6 @@ def test_multiple_duration(tmp_path):
         out, save_all=True, append_images=im_list[1:], duration=duration_list
     )
     with Image.open(out) as reread:
-
         for duration in duration_list:
             assert reread.info["duration"] == duration
             try:
@@ -786,7 +778,6 @@ def test_multiple_duration(tmp_path):
         out, save_all=True, append_images=im_list[1:], duration=tuple(duration_list)
     )
     with Image.open(out) as reread:
-
         for duration in duration_list:
             assert reread.info["duration"] == duration
             try:
@@ -844,7 +835,6 @@ def test_identical_frames(tmp_path):
         out, save_all=True, append_images=im_list[1:], duration=duration_list
     )
     with Image.open(out) as reread:
-
         # Assert that the first three frames were combined
         assert reread.n_frames == 2
 
@@ -1098,7 +1088,8 @@ def test_rgb_transparency(tmp_path):
     im = Image.new("RGB", (1, 1))
     im.info["transparency"] = b""
     ims = [Image.new("RGB", (1, 1))]
-    pytest.warns(UserWarning, im.save, out, save_all=True, append_images=ims)
+    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
+        im.save(out, save_all=True, append_images=ims)
 
     with Image.open(out) as reloaded:
         assert "transparency" not in reloaded.info

Tests/test_file_gribstub.py

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ TEST_FILE = "Tests/images/WAlaska.wind.7days.grb"
 def test_open():
     # Act
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Assert
         assert im.format == "GRIB"
 
@@ -31,7 +30,6 @@ def test_invalid_file():
 def test_load():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Act / Assert: stub cannot load without an implemented handler
         with pytest.raises(OSError):
             im.load()
@@ -58,6 +56,7 @@ def test_handler(tmp_path):
 
         def load(self, im):
             self.loaded = True
+            im.fp.close()
             return Image.new("RGB", (1, 1))
 
         def save(self, im, fp, filename):

Tests/test_file_hdf5stub.py

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ TEST_FILE = "Tests/images/hdf5.h5"
 def test_open():
     # Act
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Assert
         assert im.format == "HDF5"
 
@@ -29,7 +28,6 @@ def test_invalid_file():
 def test_load():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Act / Assert: stub cannot load without an implemented handler
         with pytest.raises(OSError):
             im.load()
@@ -59,6 +57,7 @@ def test_handler(tmp_path):
 
         def load(self, im):
             self.loaded = True
+            im.fp.close()
             return Image.new("RGB", (1, 1))
 
         def save(self, im, fp, filename):

Tests/test_file_icns.py

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ def test_sanity():
     # Loading this icon by default should result in the largest size
     # (512x512@2x) being loaded
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Assert that there is no unclosed file warning
         with warnings.catch_warnings():
             im.load()

Tests/test_file_ico.py

@@ -175,7 +175,6 @@ def test_save_256x256(tmp_path):
         # Act
         im.save(outfile)
     with Image.open(outfile) as im_saved:
-
         # Assert
         assert im_saved.size == (256, 256)
 
@@ -213,12 +212,10 @@ def test_save_append_images(tmp_path):
 def test_unexpected_size():
     # This image has been manually hexedited to state that it is 16x32
     # while the image within is still 16x16
-    def open():
+    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
         with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper_unexpected.ico") as im:
             assert im.size == (16, 16)
 
-    pytest.warns(UserWarning, open)
-
 
 def test_draw_reloaded(tmp_path):
     with Image.open(TEST_ICO_FILE) as im:

Tests/test_file_im.py

@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@ def test_unclosed_file():
         im = Image.open(TEST_IM)
         im.load()
 
-    pytest.warns(ResourceWarning, open)
+    with pytest.warns(ResourceWarning):
+        open()
 
 
 def test_closed_file():
@@ -51,7 +52,6 @@ def test_context_manager():
 def test_tell():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open(TEST_IM) as im:
-
         # Act
         frame = im.tell()
 

Tests/test_file_iptc.py

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ TEST_FILE = "Tests/images/iptc.jpg"
 def test_getiptcinfo_jpg_none():
     # Arrange
     with hopper() as im:
-
         # Act
         iptc = IptcImagePlugin.getiptcinfo(im)
 
@@ -22,7 +21,6 @@ def test_getiptcinfo_jpg_none():
 def test_getiptcinfo_jpg_found():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Act
         iptc = IptcImagePlugin.getiptcinfo(im)
 
@@ -35,7 +33,6 @@ def test_getiptcinfo_jpg_found():
 def test_getiptcinfo_tiff_none():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.tif") as im:
-
         # Act
         iptc = IptcImagePlugin.getiptcinfo(im)
 

Tests/test_file_jpeg.py

@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
         return Image.frombytes(mode, size, os.urandom(size[0] * size[1] * len(mode)))
 
     def test_sanity(self):
-
         # internal version number
         assert re.search(r"\d+\.\d+$", features.version_codec("jpg"))
 
@@ -271,7 +270,10 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
         # https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/148
         f = str(tmp_path / "temp.jpg")
         im = hopper()
-        im.save(f, "JPEG", quality=90, exif=b"1" * 65532)
+        im.save(f, "JPEG", quality=90, exif=b"1" * 65533)
+
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            im.save(f, "JPEG", quality=90, exif=b"1" * 65534)
 
     def test_exif_typeerror(self):
         with Image.open("Tests/images/exif_typeerror.jpg") as im:
@@ -368,7 +370,6 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
 
     def test_exif_gps_typeerror(self):
         with Image.open("Tests/images/exif_gps_typeerror.jpg") as im:
-
             # Should not raise a TypeError
             im._getexif()
 
@@ -447,7 +448,7 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
             ims = im.get_child_images()
 
         assert len(ims) == 1
-        assert_image_equal_tofile(ims[0], "Tests/images/flower_thumbnail.png")
+        assert_image_similar_tofile(ims[0], "Tests/images/flower_thumbnail.png", 2.1)
 
     def test_mp(self):
         with Image.open("Tests/images/pil_sample_rgb.jpg") as im:
@@ -682,7 +683,6 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
         # Shouldn't raise error
         fn = "Tests/images/sugarshack_bad_mpo_header.jpg"
         with pytest.warns(UserWarning, Image.open, fn) as im:
-
             # Assert
             assert im.format == "JPEG"
 
@@ -704,7 +704,6 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
         # Arrange
         outfile = str(tmp_path / "temp.tif")
         with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.tif") as im:
-
             # Act
             im.save(outfile, "JPEG", dpi=im.info["dpi"])
 
@@ -731,7 +730,6 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
         # This Photoshop CC 2017 image has DPI in EXIF not metadata
         # EXIF XResolution is (2000000, 10000)
         with Image.open("Tests/images/photoshop-200dpi.jpg") as im:
-
             # Act / Assert
             assert im.info.get("dpi") == (200, 200)
 
@@ -740,7 +738,6 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
         # This image has DPI in EXIF not metadata
         # EXIF XResolution is 72
         with Image.open("Tests/images/exif-72dpi-int.jpg") as im:
-
             # Act / Assert
             assert im.info.get("dpi") == (72, 72)
 
@@ -749,7 +746,6 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
         # This is photoshop-200dpi.jpg with EXIF resolution unit set to cm:
         # exiftool -exif:ResolutionUnit=cm photoshop-200dpi.jpg
         with Image.open("Tests/images/exif-200dpcm.jpg") as im:
-
             # Act / Assert
             assert im.info.get("dpi") == (508, 508)
 
@@ -758,7 +754,6 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
         # This is photoshop-200dpi.jpg with EXIF resolution set to 0/0:
         # exiftool -XResolution=0/0 -YResolution=0/0 photoshop-200dpi.jpg
         with Image.open("Tests/images/exif-dpi-zerodivision.jpg") as im:
-
             # Act / Assert
             # This should return the default, and not raise a ZeroDivisionError
             assert im.info.get("dpi") == (72, 72)
@@ -767,7 +762,6 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
         # Arrange
         # 0x011A tag in this exif contains string '300300\x02'
         with Image.open("Tests/images/broken_exif_dpi.jpg") as im:
-
             # Act / Assert
             # This should return the default
             assert im.info.get("dpi") == (72, 72)
@@ -777,7 +771,6 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
         # This is photoshop-200dpi.jpg with resolution removed from EXIF:
         # exiftool "-*resolution*"= photoshop-200dpi.jpg
         with Image.open("Tests/images/no-dpi-in-exif.jpg") as im:
-
             # Act / Assert
             # "When the image resolution is unknown, 72 [dpi] is designated."
             # https://exiv2.org/tags.html
@@ -787,7 +780,6 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
         # This is no-dpi-in-exif with the tiff header of the exif block
         # hexedited from MM * to FF FF FF FF
         with Image.open("Tests/images/invalid-exif.jpg") as im:
-
             # This should return the default, and not a SyntaxError or
             # OSError for unidentified image.
             assert im.info.get("dpi") == (72, 72)
@@ -810,7 +802,6 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
     def test_invalid_exif_x_resolution(self):
         # When no x or y resolution is defined in EXIF
         with Image.open("Tests/images/invalid-exif-without-x-resolution.jpg") as im:
-
             # This should return the default, and not a ValueError or
             # OSError for an unidentified image.
             assert im.info.get("dpi") == (72, 72)
@@ -820,7 +811,6 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
         # This image has been manually hexedited to have an IFD offset of 10,
         # in contrast to normal 8
         with Image.open("Tests/images/exif-ifd-offset.jpg") as im:
-
             # Act / Assert
             assert im._getexif()[306] == "2017:03:13 23:03:09"
 

Tests/test_file_jpeg2k.py

@@ -270,7 +270,6 @@ def test_rgba():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/rgb_trns_ycbc.j2k") as j2k:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/rgb_trns_ycbc.jp2") as jp2:
-
             # Act
             j2k.load()
             jp2.load()

Tests/test_file_libtiff.py

@@ -645,7 +645,6 @@ class TestFileLibTiff(LibTiffTestCase):
         pilim = hopper()
 
         def save_bytesio(compression=None):
-
             buffer_io = io.BytesIO()
             pilim.save(buffer_io, format="tiff", compression=compression)
             buffer_io.seek(0)
@@ -740,7 +739,6 @@ class TestFileLibTiff(LibTiffTestCase):
 
     def test_multipage_compression(self):
         with Image.open("Tests/images/compression.tif") as im:
-
             im.seek(0)
             assert im._compression == "tiff_ccitt"
             assert im.size == (10, 10)
@@ -1067,3 +1065,9 @@ class TestFileLibTiff(LibTiffTestCase):
         out = str(tmp_path / "temp.tif")
         with pytest.raises(SystemError):
             im.save(out, compression=compression)
+
+    def test_save_many_compressed(self, tmp_path):
+        im = hopper()
+        out = str(tmp_path / "temp.tif")
+        for _ in range(10000):
+            im.save(out, compression="jpeg")

Tests/test_file_mic.py

@@ -51,6 +51,16 @@ def test_seek():
         assert im.tell() == 0
 
 
+def test_close():
+    with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
+        pass
+    assert im.ole.fp.closed
+
+    im = Image.open(TEST_FILE)
+    im.close()
+    assert im.ole.fp.closed
+
+
 def test_invalid_file():
     # Test an invalid OLE file
     invalid_file = "Tests/images/flower.jpg"

Tests/test_file_mpo.py

@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ def test_unclosed_file():
         im = Image.open(test_files[0])
         im.load()
 
-    pytest.warns(ResourceWarning, open)
+    with pytest.warns(ResourceWarning):
+        open()
 
 
 def test_closed_file():

Tests/test_file_msp.py

@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ def test_open_windows_v1():
     # Arrange
     # Act
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Assert
         assert_image_equal(im, hopper("1"))
         assert isinstance(im, MspImagePlugin.MspImageFile)
@@ -59,7 +58,6 @@ def _assert_file_image_equal(source_path, target_path):
     not os.path.exists(EXTRA_DIR), reason="Extra image files not installed"
 )
 def test_open_windows_v2():
-
     files = (
         os.path.join(EXTRA_DIR, f)
         for f in os.listdir(EXTRA_DIR)

Tests/test_file_pdf.py

@@ -85,6 +85,34 @@ def test_resolution(tmp_path):
     assert size == (61.44, 61.44)
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "params",
+    (
+        {"dpi": (75, 150)},
+        {"dpi": (75, 150), "resolution": 200},
+    ),
+)
+def test_dpi(params, tmp_path):
+    im = hopper()
+
+    outfile = str(tmp_path / "temp.pdf")
+    im.save(outfile, **params)
+
+    with open(outfile, "rb") as fp:
+        contents = fp.read()
+
+    size = tuple(
+        float(d)
+        for d in contents.split(b"stream\nq ")[1].split(b" 0 0 cm")[0].split(b" 0 0 ")
+    )
+    assert size == (122.88, 61.44)
+
+    size = tuple(
+        float(d) for d in contents.split(b"/MediaBox [ 0 0 ")[1].split(b"]")[0].split()
+    )
+    assert size == (122.88, 61.44)
+
+
 @mark_if_feature_version(
     pytest.mark.valgrind_known_error, "libjpeg_turbo", "2.0", reason="Known Failing"
 )
@@ -94,7 +122,6 @@ def test_save_all(tmp_path):
 
     # Multiframe image
     with Image.open("Tests/images/dispose_bgnd.gif") as im:
-
         outfile = str(tmp_path / "temp.pdf")
         im.save(outfile, save_all=True)
 
@@ -128,7 +155,6 @@ def test_save_all(tmp_path):
 def test_multiframe_normal_save(tmp_path):
     # Test saving a multiframe image without save_all
     with Image.open("Tests/images/dispose_bgnd.gif") as im:
-
         outfile = str(tmp_path / "temp.pdf")
         im.save(outfile)
 

Tests/test_file_png.py

@@ -78,7 +78,6 @@ class TestFilePng:
         return chunks
 
     def test_sanity(self, tmp_path):
-
         # internal version number
         assert re.search(r"\d+\.\d+\.\d+(\.\d+)?$", features.version_codec("zlib"))
 
@@ -156,7 +155,6 @@ class TestFilePng:
         assert im.info == {"spam": "egg"}
 
     def test_bad_itxt(self):
-
         im = load(HEAD + chunk(b"iTXt") + TAIL)
         assert im.info == {}
 
@@ -201,7 +199,6 @@ class TestFilePng:
         assert im.info["spam"].tkey == "Spam"
 
     def test_interlace(self):
-
         test_file = "Tests/images/pil123p.png"
         with Image.open(test_file) as im:
             assert_image(im, "P", (162, 150))
@@ -495,7 +492,6 @@ class TestFilePng:
         # Check reading images with null tRNS value, issue #1239
         test_file = "Tests/images/tRNS_null_1x1.png"
         with Image.open(test_file) as im:
-
             assert im.info["transparency"] == 0
 
     def test_save_icc_profile(self):

Tests/test_file_psd.py

@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ def test_unclosed_file():
         im = Image.open(test_file)
         im.load()
 
-    pytest.warns(ResourceWarning, open)
+    with pytest.warns(ResourceWarning):
+        open()
 
 
 def test_closed_file():
@@ -77,7 +78,6 @@ def test_eoferror():
 
 def test_seek_tell():
     with Image.open(test_file) as im:
-
         layer_number = im.tell()
         assert layer_number == 1
 
@@ -95,7 +95,6 @@ def test_seek_tell():
 
 def test_seek_eoferror():
     with Image.open(test_file) as im:
-
         with pytest.raises(EOFError):
             im.seek(-1)
 

Tests/test_file_spider.py

@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ def test_unclosed_file():
         im = Image.open(TEST_FILE)
         im.load()
 
-    pytest.warns(ResourceWarning, open)
+    with pytest.warns(ResourceWarning):
+        open()
 
 
 def test_closed_file():
@@ -79,7 +80,6 @@ def test_is_spider_image():
 def test_tell():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Act
         index = im.tell()
 

Tests/test_file_sun.py

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ def test_sanity():
 
     # Act
     with Image.open(test_file) as im:
-
         # Assert
         assert im.size == (128, 128)
 

Tests/test_file_tar.py

@@ -29,11 +29,9 @@ def test_sanity(codec, test_path, format):
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(is_pypy(), reason="Requires CPython")
 def test_unclosed_file():
-    def open():
+    with pytest.warns(ResourceWarning):
         TarIO.TarIO(TEST_TAR_FILE, "hopper.jpg")
 
-    pytest.warns(ResourceWarning, open)
-
 
 def test_close():
     with warnings.catch_warnings():

Tests/test_file_tga.py

@@ -78,7 +78,6 @@ def test_id_field():
 
     # Act
     with Image.open(test_file) as im:
-
         # Assert
         assert im.size == (100, 100)
 
@@ -89,7 +88,6 @@ def test_id_field_rle():
 
     # Act
     with Image.open(test_file) as im:
-
         # Assert
         assert im.size == (199, 199)
 
@@ -165,13 +163,14 @@ def test_save_id_section(tmp_path):
 
     # Save with custom id section greater than 255 characters
     id_section = b"Test content" * 25
-    pytest.warns(UserWarning, lambda: im.save(out, id_section=id_section))
+    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
+        im.save(out, id_section=id_section)
+
     with Image.open(out) as test_im:
         assert test_im.info["id_section"] == id_section[:255]
 
     test_file = "Tests/images/tga_id_field.tga"
     with Image.open(test_file) as im:
-
         # Save with no id section
         im.save(out, id_section="")
     with Image.open(out) as test_im:

Tests/test_file_tiff.py

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ except ImportError:
 
 class TestFileTiff:
     def test_sanity(self, tmp_path):
-
         filename = str(tmp_path / "temp.tif")
 
         hopper("RGB").save(filename)
@@ -62,7 +61,8 @@ class TestFileTiff:
             im = Image.open("Tests/images/multipage.tiff")
             im.load()
 
-        pytest.warns(ResourceWarning, open)
+        with pytest.warns(ResourceWarning):
+            open()
 
     def test_closed_file(self):
         with warnings.catch_warnings():
@@ -157,7 +157,6 @@ class TestFileTiff:
     def test_xyres_tiff(self):
         filename = "Tests/images/pil168.tif"
         with Image.open(filename) as im:
-
             # legacy api
             assert isinstance(im.tag[X_RESOLUTION][0], tuple)
             assert isinstance(im.tag[Y_RESOLUTION][0], tuple)
@@ -171,7 +170,6 @@ class TestFileTiff:
     def test_xyres_fallback_tiff(self):
         filename = "Tests/images/compression.tif"
         with Image.open(filename) as im:
-
             # v2 api
             assert isinstance(im.tag_v2[X_RESOLUTION], TiffImagePlugin.IFDRational)
             assert isinstance(im.tag_v2[Y_RESOLUTION], TiffImagePlugin.IFDRational)
@@ -186,7 +184,6 @@ class TestFileTiff:
     def test_int_resolution(self):
         filename = "Tests/images/pil168.tif"
         with Image.open(filename) as im:
-
             # Try to read a file where X,Y_RESOLUTION are ints
             im.tag_v2[X_RESOLUTION] = 71
             im.tag_v2[Y_RESOLUTION] = 71
@@ -235,7 +232,8 @@ class TestFileTiff:
     def test_bad_exif(self):
         with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper_bad_exif.jpg") as i:
             # Should not raise struct.error.
-            pytest.warns(UserWarning, i._getexif)
+            with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
+                i._getexif()
 
     def test_save_rgba(self, tmp_path):
         im = hopper("RGBA")
@@ -381,7 +379,6 @@ class TestFileTiff:
     def test___str__(self):
         filename = "Tests/images/pil136.tiff"
         with Image.open(filename) as im:
-
             # Act
             ret = str(im.ifd)
 
@@ -392,7 +389,6 @@ class TestFileTiff:
         # Arrange
         filename = "Tests/images/pil136.tiff"
         with Image.open(filename) as im:
-
             # v2 interface
             v2_tags = {
                 256: 55,
@@ -630,7 +626,6 @@ class TestFileTiff:
         filename = str(tmp_path / "temp.tif")
         hopper("RGB").save(filename, **kwargs)
         with Image.open(filename) as im:
-
             # legacy interface
             assert im.tag[X_RESOLUTION][0][0] == 72
             assert im.tag[Y_RESOLUTION][0][0] == 36

Tests/test_file_tiff_metadata.py

@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ def test_rt_metadata(tmp_path):
     img.save(f, tiffinfo=info)
 
     with Image.open(f) as loaded:
-
         assert loaded.tag[ImageJMetaDataByteCounts] == (len(bin_data),)
         assert loaded.tag_v2[ImageJMetaDataByteCounts] == (len(bin_data),)
 
@@ -74,14 +73,12 @@ def test_rt_metadata(tmp_path):
     info[ImageJMetaDataByteCounts] = (8, len(bin_data) - 8)
     img.save(f, tiffinfo=info)
     with Image.open(f) as loaded:
-
         assert loaded.tag[ImageJMetaDataByteCounts] == (8, len(bin_data) - 8)
         assert loaded.tag_v2[ImageJMetaDataByteCounts] == (8, len(bin_data) - 8)
 
 
 def test_read_metadata():
     with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper_g4.tif") as img:
-
         assert {
             "YResolution": IFDRational(4294967295, 113653537),
             "PlanarConfiguration": 1,
@@ -219,6 +216,22 @@ def test_writing_other_types_to_bytes(value, tmp_path):
         assert reloaded.tag_v2[700] == b"\x01"
 
 
+def test_writing_other_types_to_undefined(tmp_path):
+    im = hopper()
+    info = TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory_v2()
+
+    tag = TiffTags.TAGS_V2[33723]
+    assert tag.type == TiffTags.UNDEFINED
+
+    info[33723] = 1
+
+    out = str(tmp_path / "temp.tiff")
+    im.save(out, tiffinfo=info)
+
+    with Image.open(out) as reloaded:
+        assert reloaded.tag_v2[33723] == b"1"
+
+
 def test_undefined_zero(tmp_path):
     # Check that the tag has not been changed since this test was created
     tag = TiffTags.TAGS_V2[45059]
@@ -239,7 +252,8 @@ def test_empty_metadata():
     head = f.read(8)
     info = TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory(head)
     # Should not raise struct.error.
-    pytest.warns(UserWarning, info.load, f)
+    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
+        info.load(f)
 
 
 def test_iccprofile(tmp_path):
@@ -405,11 +419,12 @@ def test_too_many_entries():
     ifd = TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory_v2()
 
     #    277: ("SamplesPerPixel", SHORT, 1),
-    ifd._tagdata[277] = struct.pack("hh", 4, 4)
+    ifd._tagdata[277] = struct.pack("<hh", 4, 4)
     ifd.tagtype[277] = TiffTags.SHORT
 
     # Should not raise ValueError.
-    pytest.warns(UserWarning, lambda: ifd[277])
+    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
+        assert ifd[277] == 4
 
 
 def test_tag_group_data():

Tests/test_file_webp.py

@@ -29,7 +29,10 @@ class TestUnsupportedWebp:
             WebPImagePlugin.SUPPORTED = False
 
         file_path = "Tests/images/hopper.webp"
-        pytest.warns(UserWarning, lambda: pytest.raises(OSError, Image.open, file_path))
+        with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
+            with pytest.raises(OSError):
+                with Image.open(file_path):
+                    pass
 
         if HAVE_WEBP:
             WebPImagePlugin.SUPPORTED = True

Tests/test_file_webp_metadata.py

@@ -18,10 +18,8 @@ except ImportError:
 
 
 def test_read_exif_metadata():
-
     file_path = "Tests/images/flower.webp"
     with Image.open(file_path) as image:
-
         assert image.format == "WEBP"
         exif_data = image.info.get("exif", None)
         assert exif_data
@@ -64,10 +62,8 @@ def test_write_exif_metadata():
 
 
 def test_read_icc_profile():
-
     file_path = "Tests/images/flower2.webp"
     with Image.open(file_path) as image:
-
         assert image.format == "WEBP"
         assert image.info.get("icc_profile", None)
 

Tests/test_file_wmf.py

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ from .helper import assert_image_similar_tofile, hopper
 
 
 def test_load_raw():
-
     # Test basic EMF open and rendering
     with Image.open("Tests/images/drawing.emf") as im:
         if hasattr(Image.core, "drawwmf"):

Tests/test_file_xbm.py

@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ def test_open():
 
     # Act
     with Image.open(filename) as im:
-
         # Assert
         assert im.mode == "1"
         assert im.size == (128, 128)
@@ -57,7 +56,6 @@ def test_open_filename_with_underscore():
 
     # Act
     with Image.open(filename) as im:
-
         # Assert
         assert im.mode == "1"
         assert im.size == (128, 128)

Tests/test_file_xvthumb.py

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ TEST_FILE = "Tests/images/hopper.p7"
 def test_open():
     # Act
     with Image.open(TEST_FILE) as im:
-
         # Assert
         assert im.format == "XVThumb"
 

Tests/test_image.py

@@ -69,7 +69,6 @@ class TestImage:
         assert issubclass(UnidentifiedImageError, OSError)
 
     def test_sanity(self):
-
         im = Image.new("L", (100, 100))
         assert repr(im)[:45] == "<PIL.Image.Image image mode=L size=100x100 at"
         assert im.mode == "L"
@@ -1007,7 +1006,6 @@ def mock_encode(*args):
 
 class TestRegistry:
     def test_encode_registry(self):
-
         Image.register_encoder("MOCK", mock_encode)
         assert "MOCK" in Image.ENCODERS
 

Tests/test_image_access.py

@@ -132,22 +132,26 @@ class TestImageGetPixel(AccessTest):
             return 1
         return tuple(range(1, bands + 1))
 
-    def check(self, mode, c=None):
+    def check(self, mode, expected_color=None):
-        if not c:
+        if not expected_color:
-            c = self.color(mode)
+            expected_color = self.color(mode)
 
         # check putpixel
         im = Image.new(mode, (1, 1), None)
-        im.putpixel((0, 0), c)
+        im.putpixel((0, 0), expected_color)
-        assert (
+        actual_color = im.getpixel((0, 0))
-            im.getpixel((0, 0)) == c
+        assert actual_color == expected_color, (
-        ), f"put/getpixel roundtrip failed for mode {mode}, color {c}"
+            f"put/getpixel roundtrip failed for mode {mode}, "
+            f"expected {expected_color} got {actual_color}"
+        )
 
         # check putpixel negative index
-        im.putpixel((-1, -1), c)
+        im.putpixel((-1, -1), expected_color)
-        assert (
+        actual_color = im.getpixel((-1, -1))
-            im.getpixel((-1, -1)) == c
+        assert actual_color == expected_color, (
-        ), f"put/getpixel roundtrip negative index failed for mode {mode}, color {c}"
+            f"put/getpixel roundtrip negative index failed for mode {mode}, "
+            f"expected {expected_color} got {actual_color}"
+        )
 
         # Check 0
         im = Image.new(mode, (0, 0), None)
@@ -155,27 +159,32 @@ class TestImageGetPixel(AccessTest):
 
         error = ValueError if self._need_cffi_access else IndexError
         with pytest.raises(error):
-            im.putpixel((0, 0), c)
+            im.putpixel((0, 0), expected_color)
         with pytest.raises(error):
             im.getpixel((0, 0))
         # Check 0 negative index
         with pytest.raises(error):
-            im.putpixel((-1, -1), c)
+            im.putpixel((-1, -1), expected_color)
         with pytest.raises(error):
             im.getpixel((-1, -1))
 
         # check initial color
-        im = Image.new(mode, (1, 1), c)
+        im = Image.new(mode, (1, 1), expected_color)
-        assert (
+        actual_color = im.getpixel((0, 0))
-            im.getpixel((0, 0)) == c
+        assert actual_color == expected_color, (
-        ), f"initial color failed for mode {mode}, color {c} "
+            f"initial color failed for mode {mode}, "
+            f"expected {expected_color} got {actual_color}"
+        )
+
         # check initial color negative index
-        assert (
+        actual_color = im.getpixel((-1, -1))
-            im.getpixel((-1, -1)) == c
+        assert actual_color == expected_color, (
-        ), f"initial color failed with negative index for mode {mode}, color {c} "
+            f"initial color failed with negative index for mode {mode}, "
+            f"expected {expected_color} got {actual_color}"
+        )
 
         # Check 0
-        im = Image.new(mode, (0, 0), c)
+        im = Image.new(mode, (0, 0), expected_color)
         with pytest.raises(error):
             im.getpixel((0, 0))
         # Check 0 negative index
@@ -205,13 +214,13 @@ class TestImageGetPixel(AccessTest):
         self.check(mode)
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("mode", ("I;16", "I;16B"))
-    def test_signedness(self, mode):
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "expected_color", (2**15 - 1, 2**15, 2**15 + 1, 2**16 - 1)
+    )
+    def test_signedness(self, mode, expected_color):
         # see https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/452
         # pixelaccess is using signed int* instead of uint*
-        self.check(mode, 2**15 - 1)
+        self.check(mode, expected_color)
-        self.check(mode, 2**15)
-        self.check(mode, 2**15 + 1)
-        self.check(mode, 2**16 - 1)
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("mode", ("P", "PA"))
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("color", ((255, 0, 0), (255, 0, 0, 255)))

Tests/test_image_convert.py

@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ def test_unsupported_conversion():
 
 
 def test_default():
-
     im = hopper("P")
     assert im.mode == "P"
     converted_im = im.convert()
@@ -255,17 +254,6 @@ def test_p2pa_palette():
     assert im_pa.getpalette() == im.getpalette()
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("mode", ("RGB", "RGBA", "RGBX"))
-def test_rgb_lab(mode):
-    im = Image.new(mode, (1, 1))
-    converted_im = im.convert("LAB")
-    assert converted_im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 128, 128)
-
-    im = Image.new("LAB", (1, 1), (255, 0, 0))
-    converted_im = im.convert(mode)
-    assert converted_im.getpixel((0, 0))[:3] == (0, 255, 255)
-
-
 def test_matrix_illegal_conversion():
     # Arrange
     im = hopper("CMYK")

Tests/test_image_crop.py

@@ -86,7 +86,6 @@ def test_crop_crash():
 
 
 def test_crop_zero():
-
     im = Image.new("RGB", (0, 0), "white")
 
     cropped = im.crop((0, 0, 0, 0))

Tests/test_image_frombytes.py

@@ -1,10 +1,17 @@
+import pytest
+
 from PIL import Image
 
 from .helper import assert_image_equal, hopper
 
 
-def test_sanity():
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("data_type", ("bytes", "memoryview"))
+def test_sanity(data_type):
     im1 = hopper()
-    im2 = Image.frombytes(im1.mode, im1.size, im1.tobytes())
+
+    data = im1.tobytes()
+    if data_type == "memoryview":
+        data = memoryview(data)
+    im2 = Image.frombytes(im1.mode, im1.size, data)
 
     assert_image_equal(im1, im2)

Tests/test_image_getbbox.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from .helper import hopper
 
 
 def test_sanity():
-
     bbox = hopper().getbbox()
     assert isinstance(bbox, tuple)
 

Tests/test_image_mode.py

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ from .helper import hopper
 
 
 def test_sanity():
-
     with hopper() as im:
         im.mode
 

Tests/test_image_rotate.py

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def test_resample():
     # >>> im.save('Tests/images/hopper_45.png')
 
     with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper_45.png") as target:
-        for (resample, epsilon) in (
+        for resample, epsilon in (
             (Image.Resampling.NEAREST, 10),
             (Image.Resampling.BILINEAR, 5),
             (Image.Resampling.BICUBIC, 0),

Tests/test_image_tobitmap.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from .helper import assert_image_equal, fromstring, hopper
 
 
 def test_sanity():
-
     with pytest.raises(ValueError):
         hopper().tobitmap()
 

Tests/test_imagechops.py

@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ def test_add():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_ellipse_RGB.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_floodfill_RGB.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.add(im1, im2)
 
@@ -63,7 +62,6 @@ def test_add_scale_offset():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_ellipse_RGB.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_floodfill_RGB.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.add(im1, im2, scale=2.5, offset=100)
 
@@ -87,7 +85,6 @@ def test_add_modulo():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_ellipse_RGB.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_floodfill_RGB.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.add_modulo(im1, im2)
 
@@ -111,7 +108,6 @@ def test_blend():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_ellipse_RGB.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_floodfill_RGB.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.blend(im1, im2, 0.5)
 
@@ -137,7 +133,6 @@ def test_darker_image():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_chord_RGB.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_outline_chord_RGB.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.darker(im1, im2)
 
@@ -149,7 +144,6 @@ def test_darker_pixel():
     # Arrange
     im1 = hopper()
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_chord_RGB.png") as im2:
-
         # Act
         new = ImageChops.darker(im1, im2)
 
@@ -161,7 +155,6 @@ def test_difference():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_arc_end_le_start.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_arc_no_loops.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.difference(im1, im2)
 
@@ -173,7 +166,6 @@ def test_difference_pixel():
     # Arrange
     im1 = hopper()
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_polygon_kite_RGB.png") as im2:
-
         # Act
         new = ImageChops.difference(im1, im2)
 
@@ -195,7 +187,6 @@ def test_duplicate():
 def test_invert():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_floodfill_RGB.png") as im:
-
         # Act
         new = ImageChops.invert(im)
 
@@ -209,7 +200,6 @@ def test_lighter_image():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_chord_RGB.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_outline_chord_RGB.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.lighter(im1, im2)
 
@@ -221,7 +211,6 @@ def test_lighter_pixel():
     # Arrange
     im1 = hopper()
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_chord_RGB.png") as im2:
-
         # Act
         new = ImageChops.lighter(im1, im2)
 
@@ -275,7 +264,6 @@ def test_offset():
     xoffset = 45
     yoffset = 20
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_ellipse_RGB.png") as im:
-
         # Act
         new = ImageChops.offset(im, xoffset, yoffset)
 
@@ -292,7 +280,6 @@ def test_screen():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_ellipse_RGB.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_floodfill_RGB.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.screen(im1, im2)
 
@@ -305,7 +292,6 @@ def test_subtract():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_chord_RGB.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_outline_chord_RGB.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.subtract(im1, im2)
 
@@ -319,7 +305,6 @@ def test_subtract_scale_offset():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_chord_RGB.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_outline_chord_RGB.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.subtract(im1, im2, scale=2.5, offset=100)
 
@@ -332,7 +317,6 @@ def test_subtract_clip():
     # Arrange
     im1 = hopper()
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_chord_RGB.png") as im2:
-
         # Act
         new = ImageChops.subtract(im1, im2)
 
@@ -344,7 +328,6 @@ def test_subtract_modulo():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_chord_RGB.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_outline_chord_RGB.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.subtract_modulo(im1, im2)
 
@@ -358,7 +341,6 @@ def test_subtract_modulo_no_clip():
     # Arrange
     im1 = hopper()
     with Image.open("Tests/images/imagedraw_chord_RGB.png") as im2:
-
         # Act
         new = ImageChops.subtract_modulo(im1, im2)
 
@@ -370,7 +352,6 @@ def test_soft_light():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper-XYZ.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.soft_light(im1, im2)
 
@@ -383,7 +364,6 @@ def test_hard_light():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper-XYZ.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.hard_light(im1, im2)
 
@@ -396,7 +376,6 @@ def test_overlay():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.png") as im1:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper-XYZ.png") as im2:
-
             # Act
             new = ImageChops.overlay(im1, im2)
 

Tests/test_imagecms.py

@@ -625,3 +625,14 @@ def test_constants_deprecation():
         for name in enum.__members__:
             with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):
                 assert getattr(ImageCms, prefix + name) == enum[name]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("mode", ("RGB", "RGBA", "RGBX"))
+def test_rgb_lab(mode):
+    im = Image.new(mode, (1, 1))
+    converted_im = im.convert("LAB")
+    assert converted_im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 128, 128)
+
+    im = Image.new("LAB", (1, 1), (255, 0, 0))
+    converted_im = im.convert(mode)
+    assert converted_im.getpixel((0, 0))[:3] == (0, 255, 255)

Tests/test_imagedraw.py

@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ def test_sanity():
 
 def test_valueerror():
     with Image.open("Tests/images/chi.gif") as im:
-
         draw = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
         draw.line((0, 0), fill=(0, 0, 0))
 
@@ -356,7 +355,13 @@ def ellipse_various_sizes_helper(filled):
     for w in ellipse_sizes:
         y = 1
         for h in ellipse_sizes:
-            border = [x, y, x + w - 1, y + h - 1]
+            x1 = x + w
+            if w:
+                x1 -= 1
+            y1 = y + h
+            if h:
+                y1 -= 1
+            border = [x, y, x1, y1]
             if filled:
                 draw.ellipse(border, fill="white")
             else:
@@ -736,6 +741,36 @@ def test_rounded_rectangle(xy):
     assert_image_equal_tofile(im, "Tests/images/imagedraw_rounded_rectangle.png")
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("top_left", (True, False))
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("top_right", (True, False))
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("bottom_right", (True, False))
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("bottom_left", (True, False))
+def test_rounded_rectangle_corners(top_left, top_right, bottom_right, bottom_left):
+    corners = (top_left, top_right, bottom_right, bottom_left)
+
+    # Arrange
+    im = Image.new("RGB", (200, 200))
+    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
+
+    # Act
+    draw.rounded_rectangle(
+        (10, 20, 190, 180), 30, fill="red", outline="green", width=5, corners=corners
+    )
+
+    # Assert
+    suffix = "".join(
+        (
+            ("y" if top_left else "n"),
+            ("y" if top_right else "n"),
+            ("y" if bottom_right else "n"),
+            ("y" if bottom_left else "n"),
+        )
+    )
+    assert_image_equal_tofile(
+        im, "Tests/images/imagedraw_rounded_rectangle_corners_" + suffix + ".png"
+    )
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "xy, radius, type",
     [
@@ -903,9 +938,6 @@ def test_square():
     img, draw = create_base_image_draw((10, 10))
     draw.rectangle((2, 2, 7, 7), BLACK)
     assert_image_equal_tofile(img, expected, "square as normal rectangle failed")
-    img, draw = create_base_image_draw((10, 10))
-    draw.rectangle((7, 7, 2, 2), BLACK)
-    assert_image_equal_tofile(img, expected, "square as inverted rectangle failed")
 
 
 def test_triangle_right():
@@ -1470,3 +1502,21 @@ def test_polygon2():
     draw.polygon([(18, 30), (19, 31), (18, 30), (85, 30), (60, 72)], "red")
     expected = "Tests/images/imagedraw_outline_polygon_RGB.png"
     assert_image_similar_tofile(im, expected, 1)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("xy", ((1, 1, 0, 1), (1, 1, 1, 0)))
+def test_incorrectly_ordered_coordinates(xy):
+    im = Image.new("RGB", (W, H))
+    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        draw.arc(xy, 10, 260)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        draw.chord(xy, 10, 260)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        draw.ellipse(xy)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        draw.pieslice(xy, 10, 260)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        draw.rectangle(xy)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        draw.rounded_rectangle(xy)

Tests/test_imagefile.py

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ SAFEBLOCK = ImageFile.SAFEBLOCK
 class TestImageFile:
     def test_parser(self):
         def roundtrip(format):
-
             im = hopper("L").resize((1000, 1000), Image.Resampling.NEAREST)
             if format in ("MSP", "XBM"):
                 im = im.convert("1")

Tests/test_imagefont.py

@@ -351,7 +351,8 @@ def test_rotated_transposed_font(font, orientation):
     assert bbox_b[3] == 20 + bbox_a[2] - bbox_a[0]
 
     # text length is undefined for vertical text
-    pytest.raises(ValueError, draw.textlength, word)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        draw.textlength(word)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
@@ -872,25 +873,23 @@ def test_anchor_invalid(font):
     d.font = font
 
     for anchor in ["", "l", "a", "lax", "sa", "xa", "lx"]:
-        pytest.raises(ValueError, lambda: font.getmask2("hello", anchor=anchor))
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        pytest.raises(ValueError, lambda: font.getbbox("hello", anchor=anchor))
+            font.getmask2("hello", anchor=anchor)
-        pytest.raises(ValueError, lambda: d.text((0, 0), "hello", anchor=anchor))
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        pytest.raises(ValueError, lambda: d.textbbox((0, 0), "hello", anchor=anchor))
+            font.getbbox("hello", anchor=anchor)
-        pytest.raises(
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-            ValueError, lambda: d.multiline_text((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor=anchor)
+            d.text((0, 0), "hello", anchor=anchor)
-        )
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        pytest.raises(
+            d.textbbox((0, 0), "hello", anchor=anchor)
-            ValueError,
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-            lambda: d.multiline_textbbox((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor=anchor),
+            d.multiline_text((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor=anchor)
-        )
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            d.multiline_textbbox((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor=anchor)
     for anchor in ["lt", "lb"]:
-        pytest.raises(
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-            ValueError, lambda: d.multiline_text((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor=anchor)
+            d.multiline_text((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor=anchor)
-        )
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        pytest.raises(
+            d.multiline_textbbox((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor=anchor)
-            ValueError,
-            lambda: d.multiline_textbbox((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor=anchor),
-        )
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("bpp", (1, 2, 4, 8))

Tests/test_imagefontctl.py

@@ -360,37 +360,20 @@ def test_anchor_invalid_ttb():
     d.font = font
 
     for anchor in ["", "l", "a", "lax", "xa", "la", "ls", "ld", "lx"]:
-        pytest.raises(
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-            ValueError, lambda: font.getmask2("hello", anchor=anchor, direction="ttb")
+            font.getmask2("hello", anchor=anchor, direction="ttb")
-        )
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        pytest.raises(
+            font.getbbox("hello", anchor=anchor, direction="ttb")
-            ValueError, lambda: font.getbbox("hello", anchor=anchor, direction="ttb")
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        )
+            d.text((0, 0), "hello", anchor=anchor, direction="ttb")
-        pytest.raises(
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-            ValueError, lambda: d.text((0, 0), "hello", anchor=anchor, direction="ttb")
+            d.textbbox((0, 0), "hello", anchor=anchor, direction="ttb")
-        )
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        pytest.raises(
+            d.multiline_text((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor=anchor, direction="ttb")
-            ValueError,
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-            lambda: d.textbbox((0, 0), "hello", anchor=anchor, direction="ttb"),
+            d.multiline_textbbox((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor=anchor, direction="ttb")
-        )
-        pytest.raises(
-            ValueError,
-            lambda: d.multiline_text(
-                (0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor=anchor, direction="ttb"
-            ),
-        )
-        pytest.raises(
-            ValueError,
-            lambda: d.multiline_textbbox(
-                (0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor=anchor, direction="ttb"
-            ),
-        )
     # ttb multiline text does not support anchors at all
-    pytest.raises(
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        ValueError,
+        d.multiline_text((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor="mm", direction="ttb")
-        lambda: d.multiline_text((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor="mm", direction="ttb"),
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-    )
+        d.multiline_textbbox((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor="mm", direction="ttb")
-    pytest.raises(
-        ValueError,
-        lambda: d.multiline_textbbox((0, 0), "foo\nbar", anchor="mm", direction="ttb"),
-    )

Tests/test_imageops.py

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ deformer = Deformer()
 
 
 def test_sanity():
-
     ImageOps.autocontrast(hopper("L"))
     ImageOps.autocontrast(hopper("RGB"))
 
@@ -419,7 +418,6 @@ def test_autocontrast_cutoff():
 def test_autocontrast_mask_toy_input():
     # Test the mask argument of autocontrast
     with Image.open("Tests/images/bw_gradient.png") as img:
-
         rect_mask = Image.new("L", img.size, 0)
         draw = ImageDraw.Draw(rect_mask)
         x0 = img.size[0] // 4
@@ -439,7 +437,6 @@ def test_autocontrast_mask_toy_input():
 def test_autocontrast_mask_real_input():
     # Test the autocontrast with a rectangular mask
     with Image.open("Tests/images/iptc.jpg") as img:
-
         rect_mask = Image.new("L", img.size, 0)
         draw = ImageDraw.Draw(rect_mask)
         x0, y0 = img.size[0] // 2, img.size[1] // 2

Tests/test_imagepalette.py

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ from .helper import assert_image_equal, assert_image_equal_tofile
 
 
 def test_sanity():
-
     palette = ImagePalette.ImagePalette("RGB", list(range(256)) * 3)
     assert len(palette.colors) == 256
 
@@ -23,7 +22,6 @@ def test_reload():
 
 
 def test_getcolor():
-
     palette = ImagePalette.ImagePalette()
     assert len(palette.palette) == 0
     assert len(palette.colors) == 0
@@ -84,7 +82,6 @@ def test_getcolor_not_special(index, palette):
 
 
 def test_file(tmp_path):
-
     palette = ImagePalette.ImagePalette("RGB", list(range(256)) * 3)
 
     f = str(tmp_path / "temp.lut")

Tests/test_imagepath.py

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ from PIL import Image, ImagePath
 
 
 def test_path():
-
     p = ImagePath.Path(list(range(10)))
 
     # sequence interface

Tests/test_imagesequence.py

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ from .helper import assert_image_equal, hopper, skip_unless_feature
 
 
 def test_sanity(tmp_path):
-
     test_file = str(tmp_path / "temp.im")
 
     im = hopper("RGB")

Tests/test_imageshow.py

@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ def test_show_without_viewers():
     viewers = ImageShow._viewers
     ImageShow._viewers = []
 
-    im = hopper()
+    with hopper() as im:
-    assert not ImageShow.show(im)
+        assert not ImageShow.show(im)
 
     ImageShow._viewers = viewers
 

Tests/test_imagestat.py

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ from .helper import hopper
 
 
 def test_sanity():
-
     im = hopper()
 
     st = ImageStat.Stat(im)
@@ -31,7 +30,6 @@ def test_sanity():
 
 
 def test_hopper():
-
     im = hopper()
 
     st = ImageStat.Stat(im)
@@ -45,7 +43,6 @@ def test_hopper():
 
 
 def test_constant():
-
     im = Image.new("L", (128, 128), 128)
 
     st = ImageStat.Stat(im)

Tests/test_imagewin.py

@@ -100,8 +100,11 @@ class TestImageWinDib:
         # Act
         # Make one the same as the using tobytes()/frombytes()
         test_buffer = dib1.tobytes()
-        dib2.frombytes(test_buffer)
+        for datatype in ("bytes", "memoryview"):
+            if datatype == "memoryview":
+                test_buffer = memoryview(test_buffer)
+            dib2.frombytes(test_buffer)
 
-        # Assert
+            # Assert
-        # Confirm they're the same
+            # Confirm they're the same
-        assert dib1.tobytes() == dib2.tobytes()
+            assert dib1.tobytes() == dib2.tobytes()

Tests/test_lib_image.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from PIL import Image
 
 
 def test_setmode():
-
     im = Image.new("L", (1, 1), 255)
     im.im.setmode("1")
     assert im.im.getpixel((0, 0)) == 255

Tests/test_mode_i16.py

@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ def test_basic(tmp_path, mode):
     im_in.save(filename)
 
     with Image.open(filename) as im_out:
-
         verify(im_in)
         verify(im_out)
 
@@ -87,7 +86,6 @@ def test_tobytes():
 
 
 def test_convert():
-
     im = original.copy()
 
     verify(im.convert("I;16"))

Tests/test_numpy.py

@@ -235,7 +235,6 @@ def test_no_resource_warning_for_numpy_array():
 
     test_file = "Tests/images/hopper.png"
     with Image.open(test_file) as im:
-
         # Act/Assert
         with warnings.catch_warnings():
             array(im)

Tests/test_pickle.py

@@ -89,7 +89,6 @@ def test_pickle_la_mode_with_palette(tmp_path):
 def test_pickle_tell():
     # Arrange
     with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.webp") as image:
-
         # Act: roundtrip
         unpickled_image = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(image))