diff --git a/Tests/images/duplicate_xref_entry.pdf b/Tests/images/duplicate_xref_entry.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f57a57d61
Binary files /dev/null and b/Tests/images/duplicate_xref_entry.pdf differ
diff --git a/Tests/test_pdfparser.py b/Tests/test_pdfparser.py
index 43e244c7b..105a838d9 100644
--- a/Tests/test_pdfparser.py
+++ b/Tests/test_pdfparser.py
@@ -117,3 +117,9 @@ def test_pdf_repr():
     assert pdf_repr(b"a)/b\\(c") == rb"(a\)/b\\\(c)"
     assert pdf_repr([123, True, {"a": PdfName(b"b")}]) == b"[ 123 true <<\n/a /b\n>> ]"
     assert pdf_repr(PdfBinary(b"\x90\x1F\xA0")) == b"<901FA0>"
+
+
+def test_duplicate_xref_entry():
+    pdf = PdfParser("Tests/images/duplicate_xref_entry.pdf")
+    assert pdf.xref_table.existing_entries[6][0] == 1197
+    pdf.close()
diff --git a/src/PIL/PdfParser.py b/src/PIL/PdfParser.py
index 1b3cb52a2..dc1012f54 100644
--- a/src/PIL/PdfParser.py
+++ b/src/PIL/PdfParser.py
@@ -957,14 +957,11 @@ class PdfParser:
                 check_format_condition(m, "xref entry not found")
                 offset = m.end()
                 is_free = m.group(3) == b"f"
-                generation = int(m.group(2))
                 if not is_free:
+                    generation = int(m.group(2))
                     new_entry = (int(m.group(1)), generation)
-                    check_format_condition(
-                        i not in self.xref_table or self.xref_table[i] == new_entry,
-                        "xref entry duplicated (and not identical)",
-                    )
-                    self.xref_table[i] = new_entry
+                    if i not in self.xref_table:
+                        self.xref_table[i] = new_entry
         return offset
 
     def read_indirect(self, ref, max_nesting=-1):