Merge branch 'main' into pybind11

.ci/requirements-cibw.txt

@@ -1 +1 @@
-cibuildwheel==2.23.3
+cibuildwheel==3.0.0

.ci/requirements-mypy.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-mypy==1.15.0
+mypy==1.16.1
 IceSpringPySideStubs-PyQt6
 IceSpringPySideStubs-PySide6
 ipython

.github/workflows/test-windows.yml

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        python-version: ["pypy3.11", "pypy3.10", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
+        python-version: ["pypy3.11", "pypy3.10", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", ">=3.13.5", "3.14"]
         architecture: ["x64"]
         include:
             # Test the oldest Python on 32-bit

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ jobs:
         python-version: [
           "pypy3.11",
           "pypy3.10",
+          "3.14t",
           "3.14",
           "3.13t",
           "3.13",
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ jobs:
         - { python-version: "3.11", PYTHONOPTIMIZE: 1, REVERSE: "--reverse" }
         - { python-version: "3.10", PYTHONOPTIMIZE: 2 }
         # Free-threaded
+        - { python-version: "3.14t", disable-gil: true }
         - { python-version: "3.13t", disable-gil: true }
         # M1 only available for 3.10+
         - { os: "macos-13", python-version: "3.9" }

.github/workflows/wheels-dependencies.sh

@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ ARCHIVE_SDIR=pillow-depends-main
 # Package versions for fresh source builds
 FREETYPE_VERSION=2.13.3
 HARFBUZZ_VERSION=11.2.1
-LIBPNG_VERSION=1.6.48
+LIBPNG_VERSION=1.6.49
-JPEGTURBO_VERSION=3.1.0
+JPEGTURBO_VERSION=3.1.1
 OPENJPEG_VERSION=2.5.3
 XZ_VERSION=5.8.1
 TIFF_VERSION=4.7.0

.github/workflows/wheels-test.ps1

@@ -9,17 +9,21 @@ if ("$venv" -like "*\cibw-run-*\pp*-win_amd64\*") {
     C:\vc_redist.x64.exe /install /quiet /norestart | Out-Null
 }
 $env:path += ";$pillow\winbuild\build\bin\"
-& "$venv\Scripts\activate.ps1"
+if (Test-Path $venv\Scripts\pypy.exe) {
+  $python = "pypy.exe"
+} else {
+  $python = "python.exe"
+}
 & reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\python.exe" /v "GlobalFlag" /t REG_SZ /d "0x02000000" /f
 if ("$venv" -like "*\cibw-run-*-win_amd64\*") {
-  & python -m pip install numpy
+  & $venv\Scripts\$python -m pip install numpy
 }
 cd $pillow
-& python -VV
+& $venv\Scripts\$python -VV
 if (!$?) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
-& python selftest.py
+& $venv\Scripts\$python selftest.py
 if (!$?) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
-& python -m pytest -vx Tests\check_wheel.py
+& $venv\Scripts\$python -m pytest -vx Tests\check_wheel.py
 if (!$?) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
-& python -m pytest -vx Tests
+& $venv\Scripts\$python -m pytest -vx Tests
 if (!$?) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }

.github/workflows/wheels.yml

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
           - name: "macOS 10.13 x86_64"
             os: macos-13
             cibw_arch: x86_64
-            build: "cp3{12,13}*"
+            build: "cp3{12,13,14}*"
             macosx_deployment_target: "10.13"
           - name: "macOS 10.15 x86_64"
             os: macos-13
@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ jobs:
           CIBW_MANYLINUX_PYPY_AARCH64_IMAGE: ${{ matrix.manylinux }}
           CIBW_MANYLINUX_PYPY_X86_64_IMAGE: ${{ matrix.manylinux }}
           CIBW_MANYLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE: ${{ matrix.manylinux }}
-          CIBW_SKIP: pp39-*
           MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET: ${{ matrix.macosx_deployment_target }}
 
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
@@ -188,7 +187,6 @@ jobs:
           CIBW_BEFORE_ALL: "{package}\\winbuild\\build\\build_dep_all.cmd"
           CIBW_CACHE_PATH: "C:\\cibw"
           CIBW_ENABLE: cpython-prerelease cpython-freethreading pypy
-          CIBW_SKIP: pp39-*
           CIBW_TEST_SKIP: "*-win_arm64"
           CIBW_TEST_COMMAND: 'docker run --rm
             -v {project}:C:\pillow

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.11.8
+    rev: v0.11.12
     hooks:
       - id: ruff
         args: [--exit-non-zero-on-fix]
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ repos:
         exclude: (Makefile$|\.bat$|\.cmake$|\.eps$|\.fits$|\.gd$|\.opt$)
 
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-clang-format
-    rev: v20.1.3
+    rev: v20.1.5
     hooks:
       - id: clang-format
         types: [c]
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ repos:
       - id: check-renovate
 
   - repo: https://github.com/woodruffw/zizmor-pre-commit
-    rev: v1.6.0
+    rev: v1.9.0
     hooks:
       - id: zizmor
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ repos:
       - id: sphinx-lint
 
   - repo: https://github.com/tox-dev/pyproject-fmt
-    rev: v2.5.1
+    rev: v2.6.0
     hooks:
       - id: pyproject-fmt
 

Tests/check_wheel.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from .helper import is_pypy
 def test_wheel_modules() -> None:
     expected_modules = {"pil", "tkinter", "freetype2", "littlecms2", "webp"}
 
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
         # tkinter is not available in cibuildwheel installed CPython on Windows
         try:
             import tkinter

Tests/test_deprecate.py

@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ def test_unknown_version() -> None:
     ],
 )
 def test_old_version(deprecated: str, plural: bool, expected: str) -> None:
-    expected = r""
     with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match=expected):
         _deprecate.deprecate(deprecated, 1, plural=plural)
 

Tests/test_file_blp.py

@@ -7,9 +7,8 @@ import pytest
 from PIL import BlpImagePlugin, Image
 
 from .helper import (
-    assert_image_equal,
     assert_image_equal_tofile,
-    assert_image_similar,
+    assert_image_similar_tofile,
     hopper,
 )
 
@@ -52,18 +51,16 @@ def test_save(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         im = hopper("P")
         im.save(f, blp_version=version)
 
-        with Image.open(f) as reloaded:
+        assert_image_equal_tofile(im.convert("RGB"), f)
-            assert_image_equal(im.convert("RGB"), reloaded)
 
         with Image.open("Tests/images/transparent.png") as im:
             f = tmp_path / "temp.blp"
             im.convert("P").save(f, blp_version=version)
 
-            with Image.open(f) as reloaded:
+            assert_image_similar_tofile(im, f, 8)
-                assert_image_similar(im, reloaded, 8)
 
     im = hopper()
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Unsupported BLP image mode"):
         im.save(f)
 
 

Tests/test_file_jpeg.py

@@ -145,14 +145,16 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
             assert k > 0.9
             # roundtrip, and check again
             im = self.roundtrip(im)
-            c, m, y, k = (x / 255.0 for x in im.getpixel((0, 0)))
+            cmyk = im.getpixel((0, 0))
+            assert isinstance(cmyk, tuple)
+            c, m, y, k = (x / 255.0 for x in cmyk)
             assert c == 0.0
             assert m > 0.8
             assert y > 0.8
             assert k == 0.0
-            c, m, y, k = (
+            cmyk = im.getpixel((im.size[0] - 1, im.size[1] - 1))
-                x / 255.0 for x in im.getpixel((im.size[0] - 1, im.size[1] - 1))
+            assert isinstance(cmyk, tuple)
-            )
+            k = cmyk[3] / 255.0
             assert k > 0.9
 
     def test_rgb(self) -> None:
@@ -1065,10 +1067,16 @@ class TestFileJpeg:
         for marker in b"\xff\xd8", b"\xff\xd9":
             assert marker in data[1]
             assert marker in data[2]
-        # DHT, DQT
+
-        for marker in b"\xff\xc4", b"\xff\xdb":
+        # DQT
+        markers = [b"\xff\xdb"]
+        if features.check_feature("libjpeg_turbo"):
+            # DHT
+            markers.append(b"\xff\xc4")
+        for marker in markers:
             assert marker in data[1]
             assert marker not in data[2]
+
         # SOF0, SOS, APP0 (JFIF header)
         for marker in b"\xff\xc0", b"\xff\xda", b"\xff\xe0":
             assert marker not in data[1]

Tests/test_file_pcx.py

@@ -37,6 +37,11 @@ def test_sanity(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         im.save(f)
 
 
+def test_p_4_planes() -> None:
+    with Image.open("Tests/images/p_4_planes.pcx") as im:
+        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == 3
+
+
 def test_bad_image_size() -> None:
     with open("Tests/images/pil184.pcx", "rb") as fp:
         data = fp.read()

Tests/test_file_png.py

@@ -100,11 +100,11 @@ class TestFilePng:
             assert im.format == "PNG"
             assert im.get_format_mimetype() == "image/png"
 
-        for mode in ["1", "L", "P", "RGB", "I", "I;16", "I;16B"]:
+        for mode in ["1", "L", "P", "RGB", "I;16", "I;16B"]:
             im = hopper(mode)
             im.save(test_file)
             with Image.open(test_file) as reloaded:
-                if mode in ("I", "I;16B"):
+                if mode == "I;16B":
                     reloaded = reloaded.convert(mode)
                 assert_image_equal(reloaded, im)
 
@@ -801,6 +801,16 @@ class TestFilePng:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/truncated_end_chunk.png") as im:
             assert_image_equal_tofile(im, "Tests/images/hopper.png")
 
+    def test_deprecation(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+        test_file = tmp_path / "out.png"
+
+        im = hopper("I")
+        with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):
+            im.save(test_file)
+
+        with Image.open(test_file) as reloaded:
+            assert_image_equal(im, reloaded.convert("I"))
+
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(is_win32(), reason="Requires Unix or macOS")
 @skip_unless_feature("zlib")

Tests/test_file_ppm.py

@@ -288,14 +288,16 @@ def test_non_integer_token(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
             pass
 
 
-def test_header_token_too_long(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("data", (b"P3\x0cAAAAAAAAAA\xee", b"P6\n 01234567890"))
+def test_header_token_too_long(tmp_path: Path, data: bytes) -> None:
     path = tmp_path / "temp.ppm"
     with open(path, "wb") as f:
-        f.write(b"P6\n 01234567890")
+        f.write(data)
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Token too long in file header: 01234567890"):
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError) as e:
         with Image.open(path):
             pass
+    assert "Token too long in file header: " in repr(e)
 
 
 def test_truncated_file(tmp_path: Path) -> None:

Tests/test_file_qoi.py

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+from pathlib import Path
+
 import pytest
 
 from PIL import Image, QoiImagePlugin
 
-from .helper import assert_image_equal_tofile
+from .helper import assert_image_equal_tofile, hopper
 
 
 def test_sanity() -> None:
@@ -28,3 +30,28 @@ def test_invalid_file() -> None:
 
     with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):
         QoiImagePlugin.QoiImageFile(invalid_file)
+
+
+def test_op_index() -> None:
+    # QOI_OP_INDEX as the first chunk
+    with Image.open("Tests/images/op_index.qoi") as im:
+        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)
+
+
+def test_save(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    f = tmp_path / "temp.qoi"
+
+    im = hopper()
+    im.save(f, colorspace="sRGB")
+
+    assert_image_equal_tofile(im, f)
+
+    for path in ("Tests/images/default_font.png", "Tests/images/pil123rgba.png"):
+        with Image.open(path) as im:
+            im.save(f)
+
+            assert_image_equal_tofile(im, f)
+
+    im = hopper("P")
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Unsupported QOI image mode"):
+        im.save(f)

Tests/test_file_tiff.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from PIL import (
     ImageFile,
     JpegImagePlugin,
     TiffImagePlugin,
+    TiffTags,
     UnidentifiedImageError,
 )
 from PIL.TiffImagePlugin import RESOLUTION_UNIT, X_RESOLUTION, Y_RESOLUTION
@@ -48,23 +49,8 @@ class TestFileTiff:
         assert im.size == (128, 128)
         assert im.format == "TIFF"
 
-        hopper("1").save(filename)
+        for mode in ("1", "L", "P", "RGB", "I", "I;16", "I;16L"):
-        with Image.open(filename):
+            hopper(mode).save(filename)
-            pass
-
-        hopper("L").save(filename)
-        with Image.open(filename):
-            pass
-
-        hopper("P").save(filename)
-        with Image.open(filename):
-            pass
-
-        hopper("RGB").save(filename)
-        with Image.open(filename):
-            pass
-
-        hopper("I").save(filename)
             with Image.open(filename):
                 pass
 
@@ -900,6 +886,29 @@ class TestFileTiff:
                 assert description[0]["format"] == "image/tiff"
                 assert description[3]["BitsPerSample"]["Seq"]["li"] == ["8", "8", "8"]
 
+    def test_getxmp_undefined(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+        tmpfile = tmp_path / "temp.tif"
+        im = Image.new("L", (1, 1))
+        ifd = TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory_v2()
+        ifd.tagtype[700] = TiffTags.UNDEFINED
+        with Image.open("Tests/images/lab.tif") as im_xmp:
+            ifd[700] = im_xmp.info["xmp"]
+        im.save(tmpfile, tiffinfo=ifd)
+
+        with Image.open(tmpfile) as im_reloaded:
+            if ElementTree is None:
+                with pytest.warns(
+                    UserWarning,
+                    match="XMP data cannot be read without defusedxml dependency",
+                ):
+                    assert im_reloaded.getxmp() == {}
+            else:
+                assert "xmp" in im_reloaded.info
+                xmp = im_reloaded.getxmp()
+
+                description = xmp["xmpmeta"]["RDF"]["Description"]
+                assert description[0]["format"] == "image/tiff"
+
     def test_get_photoshop_blocks(self) -> None:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/lab.tif") as im:
             assert isinstance(im, TiffImagePlugin.TiffImageFile)

Tests/test_image.py

@@ -671,6 +671,7 @@ class TestImage:
         im_remapped = im.remap_palette(list(range(256)))
         assert_image_equal(im, im_remapped)
         assert im.palette is not None
+        assert im_remapped.palette is not None
         assert im.palette.palette == im_remapped.palette.palette
 
         # Test illegal image mode
@@ -973,6 +974,11 @@ class TestImage:
                     assert tag not in exif.get_ifd(0x8769)
                 assert exif.get_ifd(0xA005)
 
+    def test_exif_from_xmp_bytes(self) -> None:
+        im = Image.new("RGB", (1, 1))
+        im.info["xmp"] = b'\xff tiff:Orientation="2"'
+        assert im.getexif()[274] == 2
+
     def test_empty_xmp(self) -> None:
         with Image.open("Tests/images/hopper.gif") as im:
             if ElementTree is None:
@@ -989,7 +995,7 @@ class TestImage:
         im = Image.new("RGB", (1, 1))
         im.info["xmp"] = (
             b'<?xpacket begin="\xef\xbb\xbf" id="W5M0MpCehiHzreSzNTczkc9d"?>\n'
-            b'<x:xmpmeta xmlns:x="adobe:ns:meta/" />\n<?xpacket end="w"?>\x00\x00'
+            b'<x:xmpmeta xmlns:x="adobe:ns:meta/" />\n<?xpacket end="w"?>\x00\x00 '
         )
         if ElementTree is None:
             with pytest.warns(

Tests/test_image_array.py

@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ def test_fromarray_strides_without_tobytes() -> None:
 
     with pytest.raises(ValueError):
         wrapped = Wrapper({"shape": (1, 1), "strides": (1, 1)})
+        with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):
             Image.fromarray(wrapped, "L")
 
 
@@ -110,6 +111,7 @@ def test_fromarray_palette() -> None:
     a = numpy.array(i)
 
     # Act
+    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):
         out = Image.fromarray(a, "P")
 
     # Assert that the Python and C palettes match

Tests/test_imagedraw.py

@@ -783,9 +783,10 @@ def test_rectangle_I16(bbox: Coords) -> None:
     draw = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
 
     # Act
-    draw.rectangle(bbox, outline=0xFFFF)
+    draw.rectangle(bbox, outline=0xCDEF)
 
     # Assert
+    assert im.getpixel((X0, Y0)) == 0xCDEF
     assert_image_equal_tofile(im, "Tests/images/imagedraw_rectangle_I.tiff")
 
 

Tests/test_tiff_crashes.py

@@ -52,3 +52,17 @@ def test_tiff_crashes(test_file: str) -> None:
         pytest.skip("test image not found")
     except OSError:
         pass
+
+
+def test_tiff_mmap() -> None:
+    try:
+        with Image.open("Tests/images/crash_mmap.tif") as im:
+            im.seek(1)
+            im.load()
+
+            im.seek(0)
+            im.load()
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        if on_ci():
+            raise
+        pytest.skip("test image not found")

docs/deprecations.rst

@@ -193,6 +193,28 @@ Image.Image.get_child_images()
 method uses an image's file pointer, and so child images could only be retrieved from
 an :py:class:`PIL.ImageFile.ImageFile` instance.
 
+Image.fromarray mode parameter
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+.. deprecated:: 11.3.0
+
+The ``mode`` parameter in :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.fromarray()` has been deprecated. The
+mode can be automatically determined from the object's shape and type instead.
+
+Saving I mode images as PNG
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+.. deprecated:: 11.3.0
+
+In order to fit the 32 bits of I mode images into PNG, when PNG images can only contain
+at most 16 bits for a channel, Pillow has been clipping the values. Rather than quietly
+changing the data, this is now deprecated. Instead, the image can be converted to
+another mode before saving::
+
+    from PIL import Image
+    im = Image.new("I", (1, 1))
+    im.convert("I;16").save("out.png")
+
 Removed features
 ----------------
 

docs/handbook/image-file-formats.rst

@@ -1082,6 +1082,26 @@ Pillow reads and writes PBM, PGM, PPM and PNM files containing ``1``, ``L``, ``I
 
 Since Pillow 9.2.0, "plain" (P1 to P3) formats can be read as well.
 
+QOI
+^^^
+
+.. versionadded:: 9.5.0
+
+Pillow reads and writes images in Quite OK Image format using a Python codec. If you
+wish to write code specifically for this format, :pypi:`qoi` is an alternative library
+that uses C to decode the image and interfaces with NumPy.
+
+.. _qoi-saving:
+
+Saving
+~~~~~~
+
+The :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.save` method can take the following keyword arguments:
+
+**colorspace**
+    If set to "sRGB", the colorspace will be written as sRGB with linear alpha, instead
+    of all channels being linear.
+
 SGI
 ^^^
 
@@ -1578,15 +1598,6 @@ PSD
 
 Pillow identifies and reads PSD files written by Adobe Photoshop 2.5 and 3.0.
 
-QOI
-^^^
-
-.. versionadded:: 9.5.0
-
-Pillow reads images in Quite OK Image format using a Python decoder. If you wish to
-write code specifically for this format, :pypi:`qoi` is an alternative library that
-uses C to decode the image and interfaces with NumPy.
-
 SUN
 ^^^
 

docs/installation/platform-support.rst

@@ -40,12 +40,12 @@ These platforms are built and tested for every change.
 | macOS 13 Ventura                 | 3.9                        | x86-64              |
 +----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
 | macOS 14 Sonoma                  | 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13,    | arm64               |
-|                                  | PyPy3                      |                     |
+|                                  | 3.14, PyPy3                |                     |
 +----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
 | Ubuntu Linux 22.04 LTS (Jammy)   | 3.10                       | x86-64              |
 +----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
 | Ubuntu Linux 24.04 LTS (Noble)   | 3.9, 3.10, 3.11,           | x86-64              |
-|                                  | 3.12, 3.13, PyPy3          |                     |
+|                                  | 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, PyPy3    |                     |
 |                                  +----------------------------+---------------------+
 |                                  | 3.12                       | arm64v8, ppc64le,   |
 |                                  |                            | s390x               |
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ These platforms are built and tested for every change.
 | Windows Server 2022              | 3.9                        | x86                 |
 |                                  +----------------------------+---------------------+
 |                                  | 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13,    | x86-64              |
-|                                  | PyPy3                      |                     |
+|                                  | 3.14, PyPy3                |                     |
 |                                  +----------------------------+---------------------+
 |                                  | 3.12 (MinGW)               | x86-64              |
 |                                  +----------------------------+---------------------+

docs/reference/ImageFont.rst

@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@ OpenType fonts (as well as other font formats supported by the FreeType
 library). For earlier versions, TrueType support is only available as part of
 the imToolkit package.
 
+When measuring text sizes, this module will not break at newline characters. For
+multiline text, see the :py:mod:`~PIL.ImageDraw` module.
+
 .. warning::
     To protect against potential DOS attacks when using arbitrary strings as
     text input, Pillow will raise a :py:exc:`ValueError` if the number of characters

docs/releasenotes/11.3.0.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+11.3.0
+------
+
+Security
+========
+
+TODO
+^^^^
+
+TODO
+
+:cve:`YYYY-XXXXX`: TODO
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+TODO
+
+Backwards incompatible changes
+==============================
+
+TODO
+^^^^
+
+Deprecations
+============
+
+Image.fromarray mode parameter
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+The ``mode`` parameter in :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.fromarray()` has been deprecated. The
+mode can be automatically determined from the object's shape and type instead.
+
+Saving I mode images as PNG
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+In order to fit the 32 bits of I mode images into PNG, when PNG images can only contain
+at most 16 bits for a channel, Pillow has been clipping the values. Rather than quietly
+changing the data, this is now deprecated. Instead, the image can be converted to
+another mode before saving::
+
+    from PIL import Image
+    im = Image.new("I", (1, 1))
+    im.convert("I;16").save("out.png")
+
+API changes
+===========
+
+TODO
+^^^^
+
+TODO
+
+API additions
+=============
+
+TODO
+^^^^
+
+TODO
+
+Other changes
+=============
+
+Added QOI saving
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Support has been added for saving QOI images. ``colorspace`` can be used to specify the
+colorspace as sRGB with linear alpha, e.g. ``im.save("out.qoi", colorspace="sRGB")``.
+By default, all channels will be linear.
+
+Support using more screenshot utilities with ImageGrab on Linux
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+:py:meth:`~PIL.ImageGrab.grab` is now able to use GNOME Screenshot, grim or Spectacle
+on Linux in order to take a snapshot of the screen.
+
+Do not build against libavif < 1
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Pillow only supports libavif 1.0.0 or later. In order to prevent errors when building
+from source, if a user happens to have an earlier libavif on their system, Pillow will
+now ignore it.
+
+Python 3.14 beta
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+To help other projects prepare for Python 3.14, wheels are now built for the
+3.14 beta as a preview. This is not official support for Python 3.14, but rather
+an opportunity for you to test how Pillow works with the beta and report any
+problems.

docs/releasenotes/index.rst

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ expected to be backported to earlier versions.
 .. toctree::
   :maxdepth: 2
 
+  11.3.0
   11.2.1
   11.1.0
   11.0.0

setup.py

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ import subprocess
 import sys
 import warnings
 from collections.abc import Iterator
-from typing import Any
 
 from pybind11.setup_helpers import ParallelCompile
 from setuptools import Extension, setup
@@ -151,7 +150,7 @@ class RequiredDependencyException(Exception):
 PLATFORM_MINGW = os.name == "nt" and "GCC" in sys.version
 
 
-def _dbg(s: str, tp: Any = None) -> None:
+def _dbg(s: str, tp: str | tuple[str, ...] | None = None) -> None:
     if DEBUG:
         if tp:
             print(s % tp)
@@ -166,7 +165,7 @@ def _find_library_dirs_ldconfig() -> list[str]:
     args: list[str]
     env: dict[str, str]
     expr: str
-    if sys.platform.startswith("linux") or sys.platform.startswith("gnu"):
+    if sys.platform.startswith(("linux", "gnu")):
         if struct.calcsize("l") == 4:
             machine = os.uname()[4] + "-32"
         else:
@@ -512,11 +511,11 @@ class pil_build_ext(build_ext):
 
             if root is None and pkg_config:
                 if isinstance(lib_name, str):
-                    _dbg(f"Looking for `{lib_name}` using pkg-config.")
+                    _dbg("Looking for `%s` using pkg-config.", lib_name)
                     root = pkg_config(lib_name)
                 else:
                     for lib_name2 in lib_name:
-                        _dbg(f"Looking for `{lib_name2}` using pkg-config.")
+                        _dbg("Looking for `%s` using pkg-config.", lib_name2)
                         root = pkg_config(lib_name2)
                         if root:
                             break
@@ -626,11 +625,7 @@ class pil_build_ext(build_ext):
 
                 for extension in self.extensions:
                     extension.extra_compile_args = ["-Wno-nullability-completeness"]
-        elif (
+        elif sys.platform.startswith(("linux", "gnu", "freebsd")):
-            sys.platform.startswith("linux")
-            or sys.platform.startswith("gnu")
-            or sys.platform.startswith("freebsd")
-        ):
             for dirname in _find_library_dirs_ldconfig():
                 _add_directory(library_dirs, dirname)
             if sys.platform.startswith("linux") and os.environ.get("ANDROID_ROOT"):
@@ -739,7 +734,7 @@ class pil_build_ext(build_ext):
                             best_path = os.path.join(directory, name)
                             _dbg(
                                 "Best openjpeg version %s so far in %s",
-                                (best_version, best_path),
+                                (str(best_version), best_path),
                             )
 
             if best_version and _find_library_file(self, "openjp2"):
@@ -761,12 +756,12 @@ class pil_build_ext(build_ext):
         if feature.want("tiff"):
             _dbg("Looking for tiff")
             if _find_include_file(self, "tiff.h"):
-                if _find_library_file(self, "tiff"):
-                    feature.set("tiff", "tiff")
                 if sys.platform in ["win32", "darwin"] and _find_library_file(
                     self, "libtiff"
                 ):
                     feature.set("tiff", "libtiff")
+                elif _find_library_file(self, "tiff"):
+                    feature.set("tiff", "tiff")
 
         if feature.want("freetype"):
             _dbg("Looking for freetype")

src/PIL/GifImagePlugin.py

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ import os
 import subprocess
 from enum import IntEnum
 from functools import cached_property
-from typing import IO, Any, Literal, NamedTuple, Union
+from typing import IO, Any, Literal, NamedTuple, Union, cast
 
 from . import (
     Image,
@@ -350,12 +350,15 @@ class GifImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             if self._frame_palette:
                 if color * 3 + 3 > len(self._frame_palette.palette):
                     color = 0
-                return tuple(self._frame_palette.palette[color * 3 : color * 3 + 3])
+                return cast(
+                    tuple[int, int, int],
+                    tuple(self._frame_palette.palette[color * 3 : color * 3 + 3]),
+                )
             else:
                 return (color, color, color)
 
         self.dispose = None
-        self.dispose_extent = frame_dispose_extent
+        self.dispose_extent: tuple[int, int, int, int] | None = frame_dispose_extent
         if self.dispose_extent and self.disposal_method >= 2:
             try:
                 if self.disposal_method == 2:

src/PIL/Image.py

@@ -802,7 +802,9 @@ class Image:
         e = _getencoder(self.mode, encoder_name, encoder_args)
         e.setimage(self.im)
 
-        bufsize = max(65536, self.size[0] * 4)  # see RawEncode.c
+        from . import ImageFile
+
+        bufsize = max(ImageFile.MAXBLOCK, self.size[0] * 4)  # see RawEncode.c
 
         output = []
         while True:
@@ -1509,7 +1511,7 @@ class Image:
             return {}
         if "xmp" not in self.info:
             return {}
-        root = ElementTree.fromstring(self.info["xmp"].rstrip(b"\x00"))
+        root = ElementTree.fromstring(self.info["xmp"].rstrip(b"\x00 "))
         return {get_name(root.tag): get_value(root)}
 
     def getexif(self) -> Exif:
@@ -1540,10 +1542,11 @@ class Image:
         # XMP tags
         if ExifTags.Base.Orientation not in self._exif:
             xmp_tags = self.info.get("XML:com.adobe.xmp")
+            pattern: str | bytes = r'tiff:Orientation(="|>)([0-9])'
             if not xmp_tags and (xmp_tags := self.info.get("xmp")):
-                xmp_tags = xmp_tags.decode("utf-8")
+                pattern = rb'tiff:Orientation(="|>)([0-9])'
             if xmp_tags:
-                match = re.search(r'tiff:Orientation(="|>)([0-9])', xmp_tags)
+                match = re.search(pattern, xmp_tags)
                 if match:
                     self._exif[ExifTags.Base.Orientation] = int(match[2])
 
@@ -3269,7 +3272,7 @@ def fromarray(obj: SupportsArrayInterface, mode: str | None = None) -> Image:
 
     :param obj: Object with array interface
     :param mode: Optional mode to use when reading ``obj``. Will be determined from
-      type if ``None``.
+      type if ``None``. Deprecated.
 
       This will not be used to convert the data after reading, but will be used to
       change how the data is read::
@@ -3304,6 +3307,7 @@ def fromarray(obj: SupportsArrayInterface, mode: str | None = None) -> Image:
             msg = f"Cannot handle this data type: {typekey_shape}, {typestr}"
             raise TypeError(msg) from e
     else:
+        deprecate("'mode' parameter", 13)
         rawmode = mode
     if mode in ["1", "L", "I", "P", "F"]:
         ndmax = 2

src/PIL/ImageCms.py

@@ -248,6 +248,9 @@ class ImageCmsProfile:
             low-level profile object
 
         """
+        self.filename = None
+        self.product_name = None  # profile.product_name
+        self.product_info = None  # profile.product_info
 
         if isinstance(profile, str):
             if sys.platform == "win32":
@@ -256,23 +259,18 @@ class ImageCmsProfile:
                     profile_bytes_path.decode("ascii")
                 except UnicodeDecodeError:
                     with open(profile, "rb") as f:
-                        self._set(core.profile_frombytes(f.read()))
+                        self.profile = core.profile_frombytes(f.read())
                     return
-            self._set(core.profile_open(profile), profile)
+            self.filename = profile
+            self.profile = core.profile_open(profile)
         elif hasattr(profile, "read"):
-            self._set(core.profile_frombytes(profile.read()))
+            self.profile = core.profile_frombytes(profile.read())
         elif isinstance(profile, core.CmsProfile):
-            self._set(profile)
+            self.profile = profile
         else:
             msg = "Invalid type for Profile"  # type: ignore[unreachable]
             raise TypeError(msg)
 
-    def _set(self, profile: core.CmsProfile, filename: str | None = None) -> None:
-        self.profile = profile
-        self.filename = filename
-        self.product_name = None  # profile.product_name
-        self.product_info = None  # profile.product_info
-
     def tobytes(self) -> bytes:
         """
         Returns the profile in a format suitable for embedding in

src/PIL/ImageDraw.py

@@ -365,22 +365,10 @@ class ImageDraw:
                 # use the fill as a mask
                 mask = Image.new("1", self.im.size)
                 mask_ink = self._getink(1)[0]
-
+                draw = Draw(mask)
-                fill_im = mask.copy()
-                draw = Draw(fill_im)
                 draw.draw.draw_polygon(xy, mask_ink, 1)
 
-                ink_im = mask.copy()
+                self.draw.draw_polygon(xy, ink, 0, width * 2 - 1, mask.im)
-                draw = Draw(ink_im)
-                width = width * 2 - 1
-                draw.draw.draw_polygon(xy, mask_ink, 0, width)
-
-                mask.paste(ink_im, mask=fill_im)
-
-                im = Image.new(self.mode, self.im.size)
-                draw = Draw(im)
-                draw.draw.draw_polygon(xy, ink, 0, width)
-                self.im.paste(im.im, (0, 0) + im.size, mask.im)
 
     def regular_polygon(
         self,

src/PIL/ImageGrab.py

@@ -134,10 +134,10 @@ def grabclipboard() -> Image.Image | list[str] | None:
             import struct
 
             o = struct.unpack_from("I", data)[0]
-            if data[16] != 0:
+            if data[16] == 0:
-                files = data[o:].decode("utf-16le").split("\0")
-            else:
                 files = data[o:].decode("mbcs").split("\0")
+            else:
+                files = data[o:].decode("utf-16le").split("\0")
             return files[: files.index("")]
         if isinstance(data, bytes):
             data = io.BytesIO(data)

src/PIL/ImageShow.py

@@ -175,7 +175,9 @@ class MacViewer(Viewer):
         if not os.path.exists(path):
             raise FileNotFoundError
         subprocess.call(["open", "-a", "Preview.app", path])
-        executable = sys.executable or shutil.which("python3")
+
+        pyinstaller = getattr(sys, "frozen", False) and hasattr(sys, "_MEIPASS")
+        executable = (not pyinstaller and sys.executable) or shutil.which("python3")
         if executable:
             subprocess.Popen(
                 [

src/PIL/JpegImagePlugin.py

@@ -762,8 +762,7 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
     extra = info.get("extra", b"")
 
     MAX_BYTES_IN_MARKER = 65533
-    xmp = info.get("xmp")
+    if xmp := info.get("xmp"):
-    if xmp:
         overhead_len = 29  # b"http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/\x00"
         max_data_bytes_in_marker = MAX_BYTES_IN_MARKER - overhead_len
         if len(xmp) > max_data_bytes_in_marker:
@@ -772,8 +771,7 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
         size = o16(2 + overhead_len + len(xmp))
         extra += b"\xff\xe1" + size + b"http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/\x00" + xmp
 
-    icc_profile = info.get("icc_profile")
+    if icc_profile := info.get("icc_profile"):
-    if icc_profile:
         overhead_len = 14  # b"ICC_PROFILE\0" + o8(i) + o8(len(markers))
         max_data_bytes_in_marker = MAX_BYTES_IN_MARKER - overhead_len
         markers = []
@@ -831,7 +829,6 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
     # in a shot. Guessing on the size, at im.size bytes. (raw pixel size is
     # channels*size, this is a value that's been used in a django patch.
     # https://github.com/matthewwithanm/django-imagekit/issues/50
-    bufsize = 0
     if optimize or progressive:
         # CMYK can be bigger
         if im.mode == "CMYK":
@@ -848,7 +845,7 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
     else:
         # The EXIF info needs to be written as one block, + APP1, + one spare byte.
         # Ensure that our buffer is big enough. Same with the icc_profile block.
-        bufsize = max(bufsize, len(exif) + 5, len(extra) + 1)
+        bufsize = max(len(exif) + 5, len(extra) + 1)
 
     ImageFile._save(
         im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("jpeg", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)], bufsize

src/PIL/MpegImagePlugin.py

@@ -33,11 +33,7 @@ class BitStream:
 
     def peek(self, bits: int) -> int:
         while self.bits < bits:
-            c = self.next()
+            self.bitbuffer = (self.bitbuffer << 8) + self.next()
-            if c < 0:
-                self.bits = 0
-                continue
-            self.bitbuffer = (self.bitbuffer << 8) + c
             self.bits += 8
         return self.bitbuffer >> (self.bits - bits) & (1 << bits) - 1
 

src/PIL/PcxImagePlugin.py

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class PcxImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         # header
         assert self.fp is not None
 
-        s = self.fp.read(128)
+        s = self.fp.read(68)
         if not _accept(s):
             msg = "not a PCX file"
             raise SyntaxError(msg)
@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ class PcxImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             raise SyntaxError(msg)
         logger.debug("BBox: %s %s %s %s", *bbox)
 
+        offset = self.fp.tell() + 60
+
         # format
         version = s[1]
         bits = s[3]
@@ -102,7 +104,6 @@ class PcxImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
                         break
                 if mode == "P":
                     self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB", s[1:])
-            self.fp.seek(128)
 
         elif version == 5 and bits == 8 and planes == 3:
             mode = "RGB"
@@ -128,9 +129,7 @@ class PcxImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         bbox = (0, 0) + self.size
         logger.debug("size: %sx%s", *self.size)
 
-        self.tile = [
+        self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("pcx", bbox, offset, (rawmode, planes * stride))]
-            ImageFile._Tile("pcx", bbox, self.fp.tell(), (rawmode, planes * stride))
-        ]
 
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------

src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ from ._binary import i32be as i32
 from ._binary import o8
 from ._binary import o16be as o16
 from ._binary import o32be as o32
+from ._deprecate import deprecate
 from ._util import DeferredError
 
 TYPE_CHECKING = False
@@ -1368,6 +1369,8 @@ def _save(
     except KeyError as e:
         msg = f"cannot write mode {mode} as PNG"
         raise OSError(msg) from e
+    if outmode == "I":
+        deprecate("Saving I mode images as PNG", 13, stacklevel=4)
 
     #
     # write minimal PNG file

src/PIL/PpmImagePlugin.py

@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ class PpmImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             msg = "Reached EOF while reading header"
             raise ValueError(msg)
         elif len(token) > 10:
-            msg = f"Token too long in file header: {token.decode()}"
+            msg_too_long = b"Token too long in file header: %s" % token
-            raise ValueError(msg)
+            raise ValueError(msg_too_long)
         return token
 
     def _open(self) -> None:

src/PIL/QoiImagePlugin.py

@@ -8,9 +8,12 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import os
+from typing import IO
 
 from . import Image, ImageFile
 from ._binary import i32be as i32
+from ._binary import o8
+from ._binary import o32be as o32
 
 
 def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
@@ -51,7 +54,7 @@ class QoiDecoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
         assert self.fd is not None
 
         self._previously_seen_pixels = {}
-        self._add_to_previous_pixels(bytearray((0, 0, 0, 255)))
+        self._previous_pixel = bytearray((0, 0, 0, 255))
 
         data = bytearray()
         bands = Image.getmodebands(self.mode)
@@ -110,6 +113,122 @@ class QoiDecoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
         return -1, 0
 
 
+def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
+    if im.mode == "RGB":
+        channels = 3
+    elif im.mode == "RGBA":
+        channels = 4
+    else:
+        msg = "Unsupported QOI image mode"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+
+    colorspace = 0 if im.encoderinfo.get("colorspace") == "sRGB" else 1
+
+    fp.write(b"qoif")
+    fp.write(o32(im.size[0]))
+    fp.write(o32(im.size[1]))
+    fp.write(o8(channels))
+    fp.write(o8(colorspace))
+
+    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("qoi", (0, 0) + im.size)])
+
+
+class QoiEncoder(ImageFile.PyEncoder):
+    _pushes_fd = True
+    _previous_pixel: tuple[int, int, int, int] | None = None
+    _previously_seen_pixels: dict[int, tuple[int, int, int, int]] = {}
+    _run = 0
+
+    def _write_run(self) -> bytes:
+        data = o8(0b11000000 | (self._run - 1))  # QOI_OP_RUN
+        self._run = 0
+        return data
+
+    def _delta(self, left: int, right: int) -> int:
+        result = (left - right) & 255
+        if result >= 128:
+            result -= 256
+        return result
+
+    def encode(self, bufsize: int) -> tuple[int, int, bytes]:
+        assert self.im is not None
+
+        self._previously_seen_pixels = {0: (0, 0, 0, 0)}
+        self._previous_pixel = (0, 0, 0, 255)
+
+        data = bytearray()
+        w, h = self.im.size
+        bands = Image.getmodebands(self.mode)
+
+        for y in range(h):
+            for x in range(w):
+                pixel = self.im.getpixel((x, y))
+                if bands == 3:
+                    pixel = (*pixel, 255)
+
+                if pixel == self._previous_pixel:
+                    self._run += 1
+                    if self._run == 62:
+                        data += self._write_run()
+                else:
+                    if self._run:
+                        data += self._write_run()
+
+                    r, g, b, a = pixel
+                    hash_value = (r * 3 + g * 5 + b * 7 + a * 11) % 64
+                    if self._previously_seen_pixels.get(hash_value) == pixel:
+                        data += o8(hash_value)  # QOI_OP_INDEX
+                    elif self._previous_pixel:
+                        self._previously_seen_pixels[hash_value] = pixel
+
+                        prev_r, prev_g, prev_b, prev_a = self._previous_pixel
+                        if prev_a == a:
+                            delta_r = self._delta(r, prev_r)
+                            delta_g = self._delta(g, prev_g)
+                            delta_b = self._delta(b, prev_b)
+
+                            if (
+                                -2 <= delta_r < 2
+                                and -2 <= delta_g < 2
+                                and -2 <= delta_b < 2
+                            ):
+                                data += o8(
+                                    0b01000000
+                                    | (delta_r + 2) << 4
+                                    | (delta_g + 2) << 2
+                                    | (delta_b + 2)
+                                )  # QOI_OP_DIFF
+                            else:
+                                delta_gr = self._delta(delta_r, delta_g)
+                                delta_gb = self._delta(delta_b, delta_g)
+                                if (
+                                    -8 <= delta_gr < 8
+                                    and -32 <= delta_g < 32
+                                    and -8 <= delta_gb < 8
+                                ):
+                                    data += o8(
+                                        0b10000000 | (delta_g + 32)
+                                    )  # QOI_OP_LUMA
+                                    data += o8((delta_gr + 8) << 4 | (delta_gb + 8))
+                                else:
+                                    data += o8(0b11111110)  # QOI_OP_RGB
+                                    data += bytes(pixel[:3])
+                        else:
+                            data += o8(0b11111111)  # QOI_OP_RGBA
+                            data += bytes(pixel)
+
+                self._previous_pixel = pixel
+
+        if self._run:
+            data += self._write_run()
+        data += bytes((0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1))  # padding
+
+        return len(data), 0, data
+
+
 Image.register_open(QoiImageFile.format, QoiImageFile, _accept)
 Image.register_decoder("qoi", QoiDecoder)
 Image.register_extension(QoiImageFile.format, ".qoi")
+
+Image.register_save(QoiImageFile.format, _save)
+Image.register_encoder("qoi", QoiEncoder)

src/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py

@@ -1217,9 +1217,10 @@ class TiffImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
             return
         self._seek(frame)
         if self._im is not None and (
-            self.im.size != self._tile_size or self.im.mode != self.mode
+            self.im.size != self._tile_size
+            or self.im.mode != self.mode
+            or self.readonly
         ):
-            # The core image will no longer be used
             self._im = None
 
     def _seek(self, frame: int) -> None:
@@ -1259,7 +1260,10 @@ class TiffImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
         self.fp.seek(self._frame_pos[frame])
         self.tag_v2.load(self.fp)
         if XMP in self.tag_v2:
-            self.info["xmp"] = self.tag_v2[XMP]
+            xmp = self.tag_v2[XMP]
+            if isinstance(xmp, tuple) and len(xmp) == 1:
+                xmp = xmp[0]
+            self.info["xmp"] = xmp
         elif "xmp" in self.info:
             del self.info["xmp"]
         self._reload_exif()
@@ -1676,7 +1680,7 @@ SAVE_INFO = {
     "PA": ("PA", II, 3, 1, (8, 8), 2),
     "I": ("I;32S", II, 1, 2, (32,), None),
     "I;16": ("I;16", II, 1, 1, (16,), None),
-    "I;16S": ("I;16S", II, 1, 2, (16,), None),
+    "I;16L": ("I;16L", II, 1, 1, (16,), None),
     "F": ("F;32F", II, 1, 3, (32,), None),
     "RGB": ("RGB", II, 2, 1, (8, 8, 8), None),
     "RGBX": ("RGBX", II, 2, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), 0),
@@ -1684,10 +1688,7 @@ SAVE_INFO = {
     "CMYK": ("CMYK", II, 5, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), None),
     "YCbCr": ("YCbCr", II, 6, 1, (8, 8, 8), None),
     "LAB": ("LAB", II, 8, 1, (8, 8, 8), None),
-    "I;32BS": ("I;32BS", MM, 1, 2, (32,), None),
     "I;16B": ("I;16B", MM, 1, 1, (16,), None),
-    "I;16BS": ("I;16BS", MM, 1, 2, (16,), None),
-    "F;32BF": ("F;32BF", MM, 1, 3, (32,), None),
 }
 
 
@@ -1963,7 +1964,7 @@ def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
         # we're storing image byte order. So, if the rawmode
         # contains I;16, we need to convert from native to image
         # byte order.
-        if im.mode in ("I;16B", "I;16"):
+        if im.mode in ("I;16", "I;16B", "I;16L"):
             rawmode = "I;16N"
 
         # Pass tags as sorted list so that the tags are set in a fixed order.

src/PIL/_deprecate.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ def deprecate(
     *,
     action: str | None = None,
     plural: bool = False,
+    stacklevel: int = 3,
 ) -> None:
     """
     Deprecations helper.
@@ -67,5 +68,5 @@ def deprecate(
     warnings.warn(
         f"{deprecated} {is_} deprecated and will be removed in {removed}{action}",
         DeprecationWarning,
-        stacklevel=3,
+        stacklevel=stacklevel,
     )

src/_imaging.c

@@ -308,8 +308,8 @@ _new_arrow(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     }
 
     // ImagingBorrowArrow is responsible for retaining the array_capsule
-    ret =
+    ret = PyImagingNew(
-        PyImagingNew(ImagingNewArrow(mode, xsize, ysize, schema_capsule, array_capsule)
+        ImagingNewArrow(mode, xsize, ysize, schema_capsule, array_capsule)
     );
     if (!ret) {
         return ImagingError_ValueError("Invalid Arrow array mode or size mismatch");
@@ -338,12 +338,6 @@ static const char *no_palette = "image has no palette";
 static const char *readonly = "image is readonly";
 /* static const char* no_content = "image has no content"; */
 
-void *
-ImagingError_OSError(void) {
-    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OSError, "error when accessing file");
-    return NULL;
-}
-
 void *
 ImagingError_MemoryError(void) {
     return PyErr_NoMemory();
@@ -369,11 +363,6 @@ ImagingError_ValueError(const char *message) {
     return NULL;
 }
 
-void
-ImagingError_Clear(void) {
-    PyErr_Clear();
-}
-
 /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 /* HELPERS                                */
 /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -1665,7 +1654,8 @@ _putdata(ImagingObject *self, PyObject *args) {
                 int bigendian = 0;
                 if (image->type == IMAGING_TYPE_SPECIAL) {
                     // I;16*
-                    if (strcmp(image->mode, "I;16B") == 0
+                    if (
+                        strcmp(image->mode, "I;16B") == 0
 #ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
                         || strcmp(image->mode, "I;16N") == 0
 #endif
@@ -3219,7 +3209,8 @@ _draw_lines(ImagingDrawObject *self, PyObject *args) {
                     (int)p[3],
                     &ink,
                     width,
-                    self->blend
+                    self->blend,
+                    NULL
                 ) < 0) {
                 free(xy);
                 return NULL;
@@ -3357,7 +3348,10 @@ _draw_polygon(ImagingDrawObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     int ink;
     int fill = 0;
     int width = 0;
-    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "Oi|ii", &data, &ink, &fill, &width)) {
+    ImagingObject *maskp = NULL;
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(
+            args, "Oi|iiO!", &data, &ink, &fill, &width, &Imaging_Type, &maskp
+        )) {
         return NULL;
     }
 
@@ -3387,8 +3381,16 @@ _draw_polygon(ImagingDrawObject *self, PyObject *args) {
 
     free(xy);
 
-    if (ImagingDrawPolygon(self->image->image, n, ixy, &ink, fill, width, self->blend) <
+    if (ImagingDrawPolygon(
-        0) {
+            self->image->image,
+            n,
+            ixy,
+            &ink,
+            fill,
+            width,
+            self->blend,
+            maskp ? maskp->image : NULL
+        ) < 0) {
         free(ixy);
         return NULL;
     }

src/display.c

@@ -327,11 +327,11 @@ PyImaging_GrabScreenWin32(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     // added in Windows 10 (1607)
     // loaded dynamically to avoid link errors
     user32 = LoadLibraryA("User32.dll");
-    SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext_function = (Func_SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext
+    SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext_function = (Func_SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext)
-    )GetProcAddress(user32, "SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext");
+        GetProcAddress(user32, "SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext");
     if (SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext_function != NULL) {
-        GetWindowDpiAwarenessContext_function = (Func_GetWindowDpiAwarenessContext
+        GetWindowDpiAwarenessContext_function = (Func_GetWindowDpiAwarenessContext)
-        )GetProcAddress(user32, "GetWindowDpiAwarenessContext");
+            GetProcAddress(user32, "GetWindowDpiAwarenessContext");
         if (screens == -1 && GetWindowDpiAwarenessContext_function != NULL) {
             dpiAwareness = GetWindowDpiAwarenessContext_function(wnd);
         }

src/libImaging/Arrow.c

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ export_imaging_schema(Imaging im, struct ArrowSchema *schema) {
     }
 
     /* for now, single block images */
-    if (!(im->blocks_count == 0 || im->blocks_count == 1)) {
+    if (im->blocks_count > 1) {
         return IMAGING_ARROW_MEMORY_LAYOUT;
     }
 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ export_single_channel_array(Imaging im, struct ArrowArray *array) {
     int length = im->xsize * im->ysize;
 
     /* for now, single block images */
-    if (!(im->blocks_count == 0 || im->blocks_count == 1)) {
+    if (im->blocks_count > 1) {
         return IMAGING_ARROW_MEMORY_LAYOUT;
     }
 
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ export_fixed_pixel_array(Imaging im, struct ArrowArray *array) {
     int length = im->xsize * im->ysize;
 
     /* for now, single block images */
-    if (!(im->blocks_count == 0 || im->blocks_count == 1)) {
+    if (im->blocks_count > 1) {
         return IMAGING_ARROW_MEMORY_LAYOUT;
     }
 

src/libImaging/Draw.c

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ typedef struct {
 } Edge;
 
 /* Type used in "polygon*" functions */
-typedef void (*hline_handler)(Imaging, int, int, int, int);
+typedef void (*hline_handler)(Imaging, int, int, int, int, Imaging);
 
 static inline void
 point8(Imaging im, int x, int y, int ink) {
@@ -103,9 +103,7 @@ point32rgba(Imaging im, int x, int y, int ink) {
 }
 
 static inline void
-hline8(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int ink) {
+hline8(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int ink, Imaging mask) {
-    int pixelwidth;
-
     if (y0 >= 0 && y0 < im->ysize) {
         if (x0 < 0) {
             x0 = 0;
@@ -118,16 +116,41 @@ hline8(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int ink) {
             x1 = im->xsize - 1;
         }
         if (x0 <= x1) {
-            pixelwidth = strncmp(im->mode, "I;16", 4) == 0 ? 2 : 1;
+            int bigendian = -1;
-            memset(
+            if (strncmp(im->mode, "I;16", 4) == 0) {
-                im->image8[y0] + x0 * pixelwidth, (UINT8)ink, (x1 - x0 + 1) * pixelwidth
+                bigendian =
-            );
+                    (
+#ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
+                        strcmp(im->mode, "I;16") == 0 || strcmp(im->mode, "I;16L") == 0
+#else
+                        strcmp(im->mode, "I;16B") == 0
+#endif
+                    )
+                        ? 1
+                        : 0;
+            }
+            if (mask == NULL && bigendian == -1) {
+                memset(im->image8[y0] + x0, (UINT8)ink, (x1 - x0 + 1));
+            } else {
+                UINT8 *p = im->image8[y0];
+                while (x0 <= x1) {
+                    if (mask == NULL || mask->image8[y0][x0]) {
+                        if (bigendian == -1) {
+                            p[x0] = ink;
+                        } else {
+                            p[x0 * 2 + (bigendian ? 1 : 0)] = ink;
+                            p[x0 * 2 + (bigendian ? 0 : 1)] = ink >> 8;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    x0++;
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 static inline void
-hline32(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int ink) {
+hline32(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int ink, Imaging mask) {
     INT32 *p;
 
     if (y0 >= 0 && y0 < im->ysize) {
@@ -143,13 +166,16 @@ hline32(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int ink) {
         }
         p = im->image32[y0];
         while (x0 <= x1) {
-            p[x0++] = ink;
+            if (mask == NULL || mask->image8[y0][x0]) {
+                p[x0] = ink;
+            }
+            x0++;
         }
     }
 }
 
 static inline void
-hline32rgba(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int ink) {
+hline32rgba(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int ink, Imaging mask) {
     unsigned int tmp;
 
     if (y0 >= 0 && y0 < im->ysize) {
@@ -167,9 +193,11 @@ hline32rgba(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int ink) {
             UINT8 *out = (UINT8 *)im->image[y0] + x0 * 4;
             UINT8 *in = (UINT8 *)&ink;
             while (x0 <= x1) {
+                if (mask == NULL || mask->image8[y0][x0]) {
                     out[0] = BLEND(in[3], out[0], in[0], tmp);
                     out[1] = BLEND(in[3], out[1], in[1], tmp);
                     out[2] = BLEND(in[3], out[2], in[2], tmp);
+                }
                 x0++;
                 out += 4;
             }
@@ -407,7 +435,14 @@ x_cmp(const void *x0, const void *x1) {
 
 static void
 draw_horizontal_lines(
-    Imaging im, int n, Edge *e, int ink, int *x_pos, int y, hline_handler hline
+    Imaging im,
+    int n,
+    Edge *e,
+    int ink,
+    int *x_pos,
+    int y,
+    hline_handler hline,
+    Imaging mask
 ) {
     int i;
     for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
@@ -429,7 +464,7 @@ draw_horizontal_lines(
                 }
             }
 
-            (*hline)(im, xmin, e[i].ymin, xmax, ink);
+            (*hline)(im, xmin, e[i].ymin, xmax, ink, mask);
             *x_pos = xmax + 1;
         }
     }
@@ -440,7 +475,7 @@ draw_horizontal_lines(
  */
 static inline int
 polygon_generic(
-    Imaging im, int n, Edge *e, int ink, int eofill, hline_handler hline, int hasAlpha
+    Imaging im, int n, Edge *e, int ink, int eofill, hline_handler hline, Imaging mask
 ) {
     Edge **edge_table;
     float *xx;
@@ -461,6 +496,7 @@ polygon_generic(
         return -1;
     }
 
+    int hasAlpha = hline == hline32rgba;
     for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
         if (ymin > e[i].ymin) {
             ymin = e[i].ymin;
@@ -470,7 +506,7 @@ polygon_generic(
         }
         if (e[i].ymin == e[i].ymax) {
             if (hasAlpha != 1) {
-                (*hline)(im, e[i].xmin, e[i].ymin, e[i].xmax, ink);
+                (*hline)(im, e[i].xmin, e[i].ymin, e[i].xmax, ink, mask);
             }
             continue;
         }
@@ -558,7 +594,7 @@ polygon_generic(
                     // Line would be before the current position
                     continue;
                 }
-                draw_horizontal_lines(im, n, e, ink, &x_pos, ymin, hline);
+                draw_horizontal_lines(im, n, e, ink, &x_pos, ymin, hline, mask);
                 if (x_end < x_pos) {
                     // Line would be before the current position
                     continue;
@@ -574,13 +610,13 @@ polygon_generic(
                         continue;
                     }
                 }
-                (*hline)(im, x_start, ymin, x_end, ink);
+                (*hline)(im, x_start, ymin, x_end, ink, mask);
                 x_pos = x_end + 1;
             }
-            draw_horizontal_lines(im, n, e, ink, &x_pos, ymin, hline);
+            draw_horizontal_lines(im, n, e, ink, &x_pos, ymin, hline, mask);
         } else {
             for (i = 1; i < j; i += 2) {
-                (*hline)(im, ROUND_UP(xx[i - 1]), ymin, ROUND_DOWN(xx[i]), ink);
+                (*hline)(im, ROUND_UP(xx[i - 1]), ymin, ROUND_DOWN(xx[i]), ink, mask);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -590,21 +626,6 @@ polygon_generic(
     return 0;
 }
 
-static inline int
-polygon8(Imaging im, int n, Edge *e, int ink, int eofill) {
-    return polygon_generic(im, n, e, ink, eofill, hline8, 0);
-}
-
-static inline int
-polygon32(Imaging im, int n, Edge *e, int ink, int eofill) {
-    return polygon_generic(im, n, e, ink, eofill, hline32, 0);
-}
-
-static inline int
-polygon32rgba(Imaging im, int n, Edge *e, int ink, int eofill) {
-    return polygon_generic(im, n, e, ink, eofill, hline32rgba, 1);
-}
-
 static inline void
 add_edge(Edge *e, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1) {
     /* printf("edge %d %d %d %d\n", x0, y0, x1, y1); */
@@ -639,14 +660,13 @@ add_edge(Edge *e, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1) {
 
 typedef struct {
     void (*point)(Imaging im, int x, int y, int ink);
-    void (*hline)(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int ink);
+    void (*hline)(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int ink, Imaging mask);
     void (*line)(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, int ink);
-    int (*polygon)(Imaging im, int n, Edge *e, int ink, int eofill);
 } DRAW;
 
-DRAW draw8 = {point8, hline8, line8, polygon8};
+DRAW draw8 = {point8, hline8, line8};
-DRAW draw32 = {point32, hline32, line32, polygon32};
+DRAW draw32 = {point32, hline32, line32};
-DRAW draw32rgba = {point32rgba, hline32rgba, line32rgba, polygon32rgba};
+DRAW draw32rgba = {point32rgba, hline32rgba, line32rgba};
 
 /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 /* Interface                                                            */
@@ -691,7 +711,15 @@ ImagingDrawLine(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, const void *ink_, in
 
 int
 ImagingDrawWideLine(
-    Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, const void *ink_, int width, int op
+    Imaging im,
+    int x0,
+    int y0,
+    int x1,
+    int y1,
+    const void *ink_,
+    int width,
+    int op,
+    Imaging mask
 ) {
     DRAW *draw;
     INT32 ink;
@@ -731,7 +759,7 @@ ImagingDrawWideLine(
         add_edge(e + 2, vertices[2][0], vertices[2][1], vertices[3][0], vertices[3][1]);
         add_edge(e + 3, vertices[3][0], vertices[3][1], vertices[0][0], vertices[0][1]);
 
-        draw->polygon(im, 4, e, ink, 0);
+        polygon_generic(im, 4, e, ink, 0, draw->hline, mask);
     }
     return 0;
 }
@@ -774,7 +802,7 @@ ImagingDrawRectangle(
         }
 
         for (y = y0; y <= y1; y++) {
-            draw->hline(im, x0, y, x1, ink);
+            draw->hline(im, x0, y, x1, ink, NULL);
         }
 
     } else {
@@ -783,8 +811,8 @@ ImagingDrawRectangle(
             width = 1;
         }
         for (i = 0; i < width; i++) {
-            draw->hline(im, x0, y0 + i, x1, ink);
+            draw->hline(im, x0, y0 + i, x1, ink, NULL);
-            draw->hline(im, x0, y1 - i, x1, ink);
+            draw->hline(im, x0, y1 - i, x1, ink, NULL);
             draw->line(im, x1 - i, y0 + width, x1 - i, y1 - width + 1, ink);
             draw->line(im, x0 + i, y0 + width, x0 + i, y1 - width + 1, ink);
         }
@@ -795,7 +823,14 @@ ImagingDrawRectangle(
 
 int
 ImagingDrawPolygon(
-    Imaging im, int count, int *xy, const void *ink_, int fill, int width, int op
+    Imaging im,
+    int count,
+    int *xy,
+    const void *ink_,
+    int fill,
+    int width,
+    int op,
+    Imaging mask
 ) {
     int i, n, x0, y0, x1, y1;
     DRAW *draw;
@@ -839,7 +874,7 @@ ImagingDrawPolygon(
         if (xy[i * 2] != xy[0] || xy[i * 2 + 1] != xy[1]) {
             add_edge(&e[n++], xy[i * 2], xy[i * 2 + 1], xy[0], xy[1]);
         }
-        draw->polygon(im, n, e, ink, 0);
+        polygon_generic(im, n, e, ink, 0, draw->hline, mask);
         free(e);
 
     } else {
@@ -861,11 +896,12 @@ ImagingDrawPolygon(
                     xy[i * 2 + 3],
                     ink_,
                     width,
-                    op
+                    op,
+                    mask
                 );
             }
             ImagingDrawWideLine(
-                im, xy[i * 2], xy[i * 2 + 1], xy[0], xy[1], ink_, width, op
+                im, xy[i * 2], xy[i * 2 + 1], xy[0], xy[1], ink_, width, op, mask
             );
         }
     }
@@ -1536,7 +1572,9 @@ ellipseNew(
     ellipse_init(&st, a, b, width);
     int32_t X0, Y, X1;
     while (ellipse_next(&st, &X0, &Y, &X1) != -1) {
-        draw->hline(im, x0 + (X0 + a) / 2, y0 + (Y + b) / 2, x0 + (X1 + a) / 2, ink);
+        draw->hline(
+            im, x0 + (X0 + a) / 2, y0 + (Y + b) / 2, x0 + (X1 + a) / 2, ink, NULL
+        );
     }
     return 0;
 }
@@ -1571,7 +1609,9 @@ clipEllipseNew(
     int32_t X0, Y, X1;
     int next_code;
     while ((next_code = clip_ellipse_next(&st, &X0, &Y, &X1)) >= 0) {
-        draw->hline(im, x0 + (X0 + a) / 2, y0 + (Y + b) / 2, x0 + (X1 + a) / 2, ink);
+        draw->hline(
+            im, x0 + (X0 + a) / 2, y0 + (Y + b) / 2, x0 + (X1 + a) / 2, ink, NULL
+        );
     }
     clip_ellipse_free(&st);
     return next_code == -1 ? 0 : -1;
@@ -1989,7 +2029,7 @@ ImagingDrawOutline(
 
     DRAWINIT();
 
-    draw->polygon(im, outline->count, outline->edges, ink, 0);
+    polygon_generic(im, outline->count, outline->edges, ink, 0, draw->hline, NULL);
 
     return 0;
 }

src/libImaging/File.c

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ ImagingSavePPM(Imaging im, const char *outfile) {
 
     fp = fopen(outfile, "wb");
     if (!fp) {
-        (void)ImagingError_OSError();
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OSError, "error when accessing file");
         return 0;
     }
 

src/libImaging/Fill.c

@@ -118,8 +118,9 @@ ImagingFillRadialGradient(const char *mode) {
 
     for (y = 0; y < 256; y++) {
         for (x = 0; x < 256; x++) {
-            d = (int
+            d = (int)sqrt(
-            )sqrt((double)((x - 128) * (x - 128) + (y - 128) * (y - 128)) * 2.0);
+                (double)((x - 128) * (x - 128) + (y - 128) * (y - 128)) * 2.0
+            );
             if (d >= 255) {
                 d = 255;
             }

src/libImaging/Filter.c

@@ -155,7 +155,8 @@ ImagingFilter3x3(Imaging imOut, Imaging im, const float *kernel, float offset) {
         } else {
             int bigendian = 0;
             if (im->type == IMAGING_TYPE_SPECIAL) {
-                if (strcmp(im->mode, "I;16B") == 0
+                if (
+                    strcmp(im->mode, "I;16B") == 0
 #ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
                     || strcmp(im->mode, "I;16N") == 0
 #endif
@@ -308,7 +309,8 @@ ImagingFilter5x5(Imaging imOut, Imaging im, const float *kernel, float offset) {
         } else {
             int bigendian = 0;
             if (im->type == IMAGING_TYPE_SPECIAL) {
-                if (strcmp(im->mode, "I;16B") == 0
+                if (
+                    strcmp(im->mode, "I;16B") == 0
 #ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
                     || strcmp(im->mode, "I;16N") == 0
 #endif

src/libImaging/Imaging.h

@@ -270,8 +270,6 @@ ImagingSectionLeave(ImagingSectionCookie *cookie);
 /* Exceptions */
 /* ---------- */
 
-extern void *
-ImagingError_OSError(void);
 extern void *
 ImagingError_MemoryError(void);
 extern void *
@@ -280,8 +278,6 @@ extern void *
 ImagingError_Mismatch(void); /* maps to ValueError by default */
 extern void *
 ImagingError_ValueError(const char *message);
-extern void
-ImagingError_Clear(void);
 
 /* Transform callbacks */
 /* ------------------- */
@@ -510,7 +506,15 @@ extern int
 ImagingDrawLine(Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, const void *ink, int op);
 extern int
 ImagingDrawWideLine(
-    Imaging im, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, const void *ink, int width, int op
+    Imaging im,
+    int x0,
+    int y0,
+    int x1,
+    int y1,
+    const void *ink,
+    int width,
+    int op,
+    Imaging mask
 );
 extern int
 ImagingDrawPieslice(
@@ -530,7 +534,14 @@ extern int
 ImagingDrawPoint(Imaging im, int x, int y, const void *ink, int op);
 extern int
 ImagingDrawPolygon(
-    Imaging im, int points, int *xy, const void *ink, int fill, int width, int op
+    Imaging im,
+    int points,
+    int *xy,
+    const void *ink,
+    int fill,
+    int width,
+    int op,
+    Imaging mask
 );
 extern int
 ImagingDrawRectangle(

src/libImaging/Jpeg2KEncode.c

@@ -207,8 +207,8 @@ j2k_set_cinema_params(Imaging im, int components, opj_cparameters_t *params) {
 
     if (params->cp_cinema == OPJ_CINEMA4K_24) {
         float max_rate =
-            ((float)(components * im->xsize * im->ysize * 8) / (CINEMA_24_CS_LENGTH * 8)
+            ((float)(components * im->xsize * im->ysize * 8) /
-            );
+             (CINEMA_24_CS_LENGTH * 8));
 
         params->POC[0].tile = 1;
         params->POC[0].resno0 = 0;
@@ -243,8 +243,8 @@ j2k_set_cinema_params(Imaging im, int components, opj_cparameters_t *params) {
         params->max_comp_size = COMP_24_CS_MAX_LENGTH;
     } else {
         float max_rate =
-            ((float)(components * im->xsize * im->ysize * 8) / (CINEMA_48_CS_LENGTH * 8)
+            ((float)(components * im->xsize * im->ysize * 8) /
-            );
+             (CINEMA_48_CS_LENGTH * 8));
 
         for (n = 0; n < params->tcp_numlayers; ++n) {
             rate = 0;

src/libImaging/PcxDecode.c

@@ -60,15 +60,25 @@ ImagingPcxDecode(Imaging im, ImagingCodecState state, UINT8 *buf, Py_ssize_t byt
         }
 
         if (state->x >= state->bytes) {
-            if (state->bytes % state->xsize && state->bytes > state->xsize) {
+            int bands;
-                int bands = state->bytes / state->xsize;
+            int xsize = 0;
-                int stride = state->bytes / bands;
+            int stride = 0;
+            if (state->bits == 2 || state->bits == 4) {
+                xsize = (state->xsize + 7) / 8;
+                bands = state->bits;
+                stride = state->bytes / state->bits;
+            } else {
+                xsize = state->xsize;
+                bands = state->bytes / state->xsize;
+                if (bands != 0) {
+                    stride = state->bytes / bands;
+                }
+            }
+            if (stride > xsize) {
                 int i;
                 for (i = 1; i < bands; i++) {  // note -- skipping first band
                     memmove(
-                        &state->buffer[i * state->xsize],
+                        &state->buffer[i * xsize], &state->buffer[i * stride], xsize
-                        &state->buffer[i * stride],
-                        state->xsize
                     );
                 }
             }

src/libImaging/Point.c

@@ -197,8 +197,9 @@ ImagingPoint(Imaging imIn, const char *mode, const void *table) {
     return imOut;
 
 mode_mismatch:
-    return (Imaging
+    return (Imaging)ImagingError_ValueError(
-    )ImagingError_ValueError("point operation not supported for this mode");
+        "point operation not supported for this mode"
+    );
 }
 
 Imaging

src/libImaging/Resample.c

@@ -470,7 +470,8 @@ ImagingResampleHorizontal_16bpc(
     double *k;
 
     int bigendian = 0;
-    if (strcmp(imIn->mode, "I;16N") == 0
+    if (
+        strcmp(imIn->mode, "I;16N") == 0
 #ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
         || strcmp(imIn->mode, "I;16B") == 0
 #endif
@@ -509,7 +510,8 @@ ImagingResampleVertical_16bpc(
     double *k;
 
     int bigendian = 0;
-    if (strcmp(imIn->mode, "I;16N") == 0
+    if (
+        strcmp(imIn->mode, "I;16N") == 0
 #ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
         || strcmp(imIn->mode, "I;16B") == 0
 #endif

src/libImaging/Storage.c

@@ -602,8 +602,9 @@ ImagingBorrowArrow(
     }
 
     if (!borrowed_buffer) {
-        return (Imaging
+        return (Imaging)ImagingError_ValueError(
-        )ImagingError_ValueError("Arrow Array, exactly 2 buffers required");
+            "Arrow Array, exactly 2 buffers required"
+        );
     }
 
     for (y = i = 0; y < im->ysize; y++) {
@@ -644,7 +645,7 @@ ImagingNewInternal(const char *mode, int xsize, int ysize, int dirty) {
         return im;
     }
 
-    ImagingError_Clear();
+    PyErr_Clear();
 
     // Try to allocate the image once more with smallest possible block size
     MUTEX_LOCK(&ImagingDefaultArena.mutex);

src/libImaging/TiffDecode.c

@@ -557,7 +557,8 @@ _decodeStrip(
                     (tdata_t)state->buffer,
                     strip_size
                 ) == -1) {
-                TRACE(("Decode Error, strip %d\n", TIFFComputeStrip(tiff, state->y, 0))
+                TRACE(
+                    ("Decode Error, strip %d\n", TIFFComputeStrip(tiff, state->y, 0))
                 );
                 state->errcode = IMAGING_CODEC_BROKEN;
                 return -1;
@@ -1031,7 +1032,10 @@ ImagingLibTiffEncode(Imaging im, ImagingCodecState state, UINT8 *buffer, int byt
                 TRACE(("Encode Error, row %d\n", state->y));
                 state->errcode = IMAGING_CODEC_BROKEN;
 
-                if (!clientstate->fp) {
+                if (clientstate->fp) {
+                    TIFFCleanup(tiff);
+                    clientstate->tiff = NULL;
+                } else {
                     free(clientstate->data);
                 }
                 return -1;

src/map.c

@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ PyImaging_MapBuffer(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
         }
     }
 
+    im->read_only = view.readonly;
     im->destroy = mapping_destroy_buffer;
 
     Py_INCREF(target);

tox.ini

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ requires =
     tox>=4.2
 env_list =
     lint
-    py{py3, 313, 312, 311, 310, 39}
+    py{py3, 314, 313, 312, 311, 310, 39}
 
 [testenv]
 deps =

winbuild/build_prepare.py

@@ -114,11 +114,11 @@ V = {
     "FREETYPE": "2.13.3",
     "FRIBIDI": "1.0.16",
     "HARFBUZZ": "11.2.1",
-    "JPEGTURBO": "3.1.0",
+    "JPEGTURBO": "3.1.1",
     "LCMS2": "2.17",
     "LIBAVIF": "1.3.0",
     "LIBIMAGEQUANT": "4.3.4",
-    "LIBPNG": "1.6.48",
+    "LIBPNG": "1.6.49",
     "LIBWEBP": "1.5.0",
     "OPENJPEG": "2.5.3",
     "TIFF": "4.7.0",
@@ -385,8 +385,8 @@ DEPS: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] = {
         "bins": [r"*.dll"],
     },
     "libavif": {
-        "url": f"https://github.com/AOMediaCodec/libavif/archive/v{V['LIBAVIF']}.zip",
+        "url": f"https://github.com/AOMediaCodec/libavif/archive/v{V['LIBAVIF']}.tar.gz",
-        "filename": f"libavif-{V['LIBAVIF']}.zip",
+        "filename": f"libavif-{V['LIBAVIF']}.tar.gz",
         "license": "LICENSE",
         "build": [
             "rustup update",