diff --git a/Tests/test_file_eps.py b/Tests/test_file_eps.py
index d01884f96..1c21aa8ca 100644
--- a/Tests/test_file_eps.py
+++ b/Tests/test_file_eps.py
@@ -336,9 +336,7 @@ def test_readline_psfile(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     strings = ["something", "else", "baz", "bif"]
 
     def _test_readline(t: EpsImagePlugin.PSFile, ending: str) -> None:
-        ending = "Failure with line ending: %s" % (
-            "".join("%s" % ord(s) for s in ending)
-        )
+        ending = f"Failure with line ending: {''.join(str(ord(s)) for s in ending)}"
         assert t.readline().strip("\r\n") == "something", ending
         assert t.readline().strip("\r\n") == "else", ending
         assert t.readline().strip("\r\n") == "baz", ending
diff --git a/selftest.py b/selftest.py
index 661abcddb..9e049367e 100755
--- a/selftest.py
+++ b/selftest.py
@@ -165,9 +165,9 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     print("Running selftest:")
     status = doctest.testmod(sys.modules[__name__])
     if status[0]:
-        print("*** %s tests of %d failed." % status)
+        print(f"*** {status[0]} tests of {status[1]} failed.")
         exit_status = 1
     else:
-        print("--- %s tests passed." % status[1])
+        print(f"--- {status[1]} tests passed.")
 
     sys.exit(exit_status)
diff --git a/src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py b/src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py
index 409609434..73df83bfb 100644
--- a/src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py
+++ b/src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ def dump(c: Sequence[int | bytes]) -> None:
     """.. deprecated:: 10.2.0"""
     deprecate("IptcImagePlugin.dump", 12)
     for i in c:
-        print("%02x" % _i8(i), end=" ")
+        print(f"{_i8(i):02x}", end=" ")
     print()
 
 
diff --git a/src/PIL/PdfParser.py b/src/PIL/PdfParser.py
index c1ed78797..65db70e13 100644
--- a/src/PIL/PdfParser.py
+++ b/src/PIL/PdfParser.py
@@ -825,8 +825,9 @@ class PdfParser:
                 try:
                     stream_len = int(result[b"Length"])
                 except (TypeError, KeyError, ValueError) as e:
-                    msg = "bad or missing Length in stream dict (%r)" % result.get(
-                        b"Length", None
+                    msg = (
+                        "bad or missing Length in stream dict "
+                        f"({result.get(b'Length')})"
                     )
                     raise PdfFormatError(msg) from e
                 stream_data = data[m.end() : m.end() + stream_len]