diff --git a/Tests/test_color_lut.py b/Tests/test_color_lut.py
index 9477bea4f..336fa6c66 100644
--- a/Tests/test_color_lut.py
+++ b/Tests/test_color_lut.py
@@ -254,6 +254,9 @@ class TestColorLut3DFilter(PillowTestCase):
         with self.assertRaisesRegexp(ValueError, "should have a length of 3"):
             ImageFilter.Color3DLUT((2, 2, 2), [[1, 1]] * 8)
 
+        with self.assertRaisesRegexp(ValueError, "Only 3 or 4 output"):
+            ImageFilter.Color3DLUT((2, 2, 2), [[1, 1]] * 8, channels=2)
+
     def test_convert_table(self):
         lut = ImageFilter.Color3DLUT(2, [0, 1, 2] * 8)
         self.assertEqual(tuple(lut.size), (2, 2, 2))
diff --git a/src/PIL/ImageFilter.py b/src/PIL/ImageFilter.py
index 6ba0ff6e7..6fcb3683f 100644
--- a/src/PIL/ImageFilter.py
+++ b/src/PIL/ImageFilter.py
@@ -326,6 +326,8 @@ class Color3DLUT(MultibandFilter):
     name = "Color 3D LUT"
 
     def __init__(self, size, table, channels=3, target_mode=None, **kwargs):
+        if channels not in (3, 4):
+            raise ValueError("Only 3 or 4 output channels are supported")
         self.size = size = self._check_size(size)
         self.channels = channels
         self.mode = target_mode