# # The Python Imaging Library. # $Id$ # # TIFF file handling # # TIFF is a flexible, if somewhat aged, image file format originally # defined by Aldus. Although TIFF supports a wide variety of pixel # layouts and compression methods, the name doesn't really stand for # "thousands of incompatible file formats," it just feels that way. # # To read TIFF data from a stream, the stream must be seekable. For # progressive decoding, make sure to use TIFF files where the tag # directory is placed first in the file. # # History: # 1995-09-01 fl Created # 1996-05-04 fl Handle JPEGTABLES tag # 1996-05-18 fl Fixed COLORMAP support # 1997-01-05 fl Fixed PREDICTOR support # 1997-08-27 fl Added support for rational tags (from Perry Stoll) # 1998-01-10 fl Fixed seek/tell (from Jan Blom) # 1998-07-15 fl Use private names for internal variables # 1999-06-13 fl Rewritten for PIL 1.0 (1.0) # 2000-10-11 fl Additional fixes for Python 2.0 (1.1) # 2001-04-17 fl Fixed rewind support (seek to frame 0) (1.2) # 2001-05-12 fl Added write support for more tags (from Greg Couch) (1.3) # 2001-12-18 fl Added workaround for broken Matrox library # 2002-01-18 fl Don't mess up if photometric tag is missing (D. Alan Stewart) # 2003-05-19 fl Check FILLORDER tag # 2003-09-26 fl Added RGBa support # 2004-02-24 fl Added DPI support; fixed rational write support # 2005-02-07 fl Added workaround for broken Corel Draw 10 files # 2006-01-09 fl Added support for float/double tags (from Russell Nelson) # # Copyright (c) 1997-2006 by Secret Labs AB. All rights reserved. # Copyright (c) 1995-1997 by Fredrik Lundh # # See the README file for information on usage and redistribution. # from __future__ import division, print_function from PIL import Image, ImageFile from PIL import ImagePalette from PIL import _binary import collections from fractions import Fraction import io import itertools from numbers import Number import os import struct import sys import warnings from .TiffTags import TAGS_V2, TYPES, TagInfo __version__ = "1.3.5" DEBUG = False # Needs to be merged with the new logging approach. # Set these to true to force use of libtiff for reading or writing. READ_LIBTIFF = False WRITE_LIBTIFF = False IFD_LEGACY_API = True II = b"II" # little-endian (Intel style) MM = b"MM" # big-endian (Motorola style) i8 = _binary.i8 o8 = _binary.o8 # # -------------------------------------------------------------------- # Read TIFF files # a few tag names, just to make the code below a bit more readable IMAGEWIDTH = 256 IMAGELENGTH = 257 BITSPERSAMPLE = 258 COMPRESSION = 259 PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION = 262 FILLORDER = 266 IMAGEDESCRIPTION = 270 STRIPOFFSETS = 273 SAMPLESPERPIXEL = 277 ROWSPERSTRIP = 278 STRIPBYTECOUNTS = 279 X_RESOLUTION = 282 Y_RESOLUTION = 283 PLANAR_CONFIGURATION = 284 RESOLUTION_UNIT = 296 SOFTWARE = 305 DATE_TIME = 306 ARTIST = 315 PREDICTOR = 317 COLORMAP = 320 TILEOFFSETS = 324 EXTRASAMPLES = 338 SAMPLEFORMAT = 339 JPEGTABLES = 347 COPYRIGHT = 33432 IPTC_NAA_CHUNK = 33723 # newsphoto properties PHOTOSHOP_CHUNK = 34377 # photoshop properties ICCPROFILE = 34675 EXIFIFD = 34665 XMP = 700 # https://github.com/imagej/ImageJA/blob/master/src/main/java/ij/io/TiffDecoder.java IMAGEJ_META_DATA_BYTE_COUNTS = 50838 IMAGEJ_META_DATA = 50839 COMPRESSION_INFO = { # Compression => pil compression name 1: "raw", 2: "tiff_ccitt", 3: "group3", 4: "group4", 5: "tiff_lzw", 6: "tiff_jpeg", # obsolete 7: "jpeg", 8: "tiff_adobe_deflate", 32771: "tiff_raw_16", # 16-bit padding 32773: "packbits", 32809: "tiff_thunderscan", 32946: "tiff_deflate", 34676: "tiff_sgilog", 34677: "tiff_sgilog24", } COMPRESSION_INFO_REV = dict([(v, k) for (k, v) in COMPRESSION_INFO.items()]) OPEN_INFO = { # (ByteOrder, PhotoInterpretation, SampleFormat, FillOrder, BitsPerSample, # ExtraSamples) => mode, rawmode (II, 0, (1,), 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;I"), (MM, 0, (1,), 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;I"), (II, 0, (1,), 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;IR"), (MM, 0, (1,), 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;IR"), (II, 0, (1,), 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;I"), (MM, 0, (1,), 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;I"), (II, 0, (1,), 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;IR"), (MM, 0, (1,), 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;IR"), (II, 0, (3,), 1, (32,), ()): ("F", "F;32F"), (MM, 0, (3,), 1, (32,), ()): ("F", "F;32BF"), (II, 1, (1,), 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1"), (MM, 1, (1,), 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1"), (II, 1, (1,), 1, (4,), ()): ("L", "L;4"), # ? (II, 1, (1,), 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;R"), (MM, 1, (1,), 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;R"), (II, 1, (1,), 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L"), (MM, 1, (1,), 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L"), (II, 1, (1,), 1, (8, 8), (2,)): ("LA", "LA"), (MM, 1, (1,), 1, (8, 8), (2,)): ("LA", "LA"), (II, 1, (1,), 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;R"), (MM, 1, (1,), 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;R"), (II, 1, (1,), 1, (12,), ()): ("I;16", "I;12"), (II, 1, (1,), 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16", "I;16"), (MM, 1, (1,), 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16B", "I;16B"), (II, 1, (2,), 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16S", "I;16S"), (MM, 1, (2,), 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16BS", "I;16BS"), (II, 1, (1,), 1, (32,), ()): ("I", "I;32N"), (II, 1, (2,), 1, (32,), ()): ("I", "I;32S"), (MM, 1, (2,), 1, (32,), ()): ("I;32BS", "I;32BS"), (II, 1, (3,), 1, (32,), ()): ("F", "F;32F"), (MM, 1, (3,), 1, (32,), ()): ("F", "F;32BF"), (II, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB"), (MM, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB"), (II, 2, (1,), 2, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB;R"), (MM, 2, (1,), 2, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB;R"), (II, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # missing ExtraSamples (MM, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # missing ExtraSamples (II, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (0,)): ("RGBX", "RGBX"), (MM, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (0,)): ("RGBX", "RGBX"), (II, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (1,)): ("RGBA", "RGBa"), (MM, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (1,)): ("RGBA", "RGBa"), (II, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (2,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), (MM, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (2,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), (II, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (999,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # Corel Draw 10 (MM, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (999,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # Corel Draw 10 (II, 2, (1, 1, 1, 1), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (1,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # OSX Grab (MM, 2, (1, 1, 1, 1), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (1,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # OSX Grab (II, 3, (1,), 1, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1"), (MM, 3, (1,), 1, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1"), (II, 3, (1,), 2, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1R"), (MM, 3, (1,), 2, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1R"), (II, 3, (1,), 1, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2"), (MM, 3, (1,), 1, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2"), (II, 3, (1,), 2, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2R"), (MM, 3, (1,), 2, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2R"), (II, 3, (1,), 1, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4"), (MM, 3, (1,), 1, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4"), (II, 3, (1,), 2, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4R"), (MM, 3, (1,), 2, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4R"), (II, 3, (1,), 1, (8,), ()): ("P", "P"), (MM, 3, (1,), 1, (8,), ()): ("P", "P"), (II, 3, (1,), 1, (8, 8), (2,)): ("PA", "PA"), (MM, 3, (1,), 1, (8, 8), (2,)): ("PA", "PA"), (II, 3, (1,), 2, (8,), ()): ("P", "P;R"), (MM, 3, (1,), 2, (8,), ()): ("P", "P;R"), (II, 5, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), ()): ("CMYK", "CMYK"), (MM, 5, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), ()): ("CMYK", "CMYK"), (II, 6, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("YCbCr", "YCbCr"), (MM, 6, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("YCbCr", "YCbCr"), (II, 8, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("LAB", "LAB"), (MM, 8, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("LAB", "LAB"), } PREFIXES = [b"MM\000\052", b"II\052\000", b"II\xBC\000"] def _accept(prefix): return prefix[:4] in PREFIXES def _limit_rational(val, max_val): inv = abs(val) > 1 f = Fraction.from_float(1 / val if inv else val).limit_denominator(max_val) n_d = (f.numerator, f.denominator) return n_d[::-1] if inv else n_d ## # Wrapper for TIFF IFDs. _load_dispatch = {} _write_dispatch = {} class ImageFileDirectory_v2(collections.MutableMapping): """This class represents a TIFF tag directory. To speed things up, we don't decode tags unless they're asked for. Exposes a dictionary interface of the tags in the directory:: ifd = ImageFileDirectory_v2() ifd[key] = 'Some Data' ifd.tagtype[key] = 2 print(ifd[key]) 'Some Data' Individual values are returned as the strings or numbers, sequences are returned as tuples of the values. The tiff metadata type of each item is stored in a dictionary of tag types in `~PIL.TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory_v2.tagtype`. The types are read from a tiff file, guessed from the type added, or added manually. Data Structures: * self.tagtype = {} * Key: numerical tiff tag number * Value: integer corresponding to the data type from `~PIL.TiffTags.TYPES` .. versionadded:: 3.0.0 """ """ Documentation: 'internal' data structures: * self._tags_v2 = {} Key: numerical tiff tag number Value: decoded data, as tuple for multiple values * self._tagdata = {} Key: numerical tiff tag number Value: undecoded byte string from file * self._tags_v1 = {} Key: numerical tiff tag number Value: decoded data in the v1 format Tags will be found in the private attributes self._tagdata, and in self._tags_v2 once decoded. Self.legacy_api is a value for internal use, and shouldn't be changed from outside code. In cooperation with the ImageFileDirectory_v1 class, if legacy_api is true, then decoded tags will be populated into both _tags_v1 and _tags_v2. _Tags_v2 will be used if this IFD is used in the TIFF save routine. Tags should be read from tags_v1 if legacy_api == true. """ def __init__(self, ifh=b"II\052\0\0\0\0\0", prefix=None): """Initialize an ImageFileDirectory. To construct an ImageFileDirectory from a real file, pass the 8-byte magic header to the constructor. To only set the endianness, pass it as the 'prefix' keyword argument. :param ifh: One of the accepted magic headers (cf. PREFIXES); also sets endianness. :param prefix: Override the endianness of the file. """ if ifh[:4] not in PREFIXES: raise SyntaxError("not a TIFF file (header %r not valid)" % ifh) self._prefix = prefix if prefix is not None else ifh[:2] if self._prefix == MM: self._endian = ">" elif self._prefix == II: self._endian = "<" else: raise SyntaxError("not a TIFF IFD") self.reset() self.next, = self._unpack("L", ifh[4:]) self._legacy_api = False prefix = property(lambda self: self._prefix) offset = property(lambda self: self._offset) legacy_api = property(lambda self: self._legacy_api) @legacy_api.setter def legacy_api(self, value): raise Exception("Not allowing setting of legacy api") def reset(self): self._tags_v1 = {} # will remain empty if legacy_api is false self._tags_v2 = {} # main tag storage self._tagdata = {} self.tagtype = {} # added 2008-06-05 by Florian Hoech self._next = None self._offset = None def __str__(self): return str(dict(self)) def as_dict(self): """Return a dictionary of the image's tags. use `dict(ifd)` instead. .. deprecated:: 3.0.0 """ # FIXME Deprecate: use dict(self) return dict(self) def named(self): """ :returns: dict of name|key: value Returns the complete tag dictionary, with named tags where possible. """ return dict((TAGS_V2.get(code, TagInfo()).name, value) for code, value in self.items()) def __len__(self): return len(set(self._tagdata) | set(self._tags_v2)) def __getitem__(self, tag): if tag not in self._tags_v2: # unpack on the fly data = self._tagdata[tag] typ = self.tagtype[tag] size, handler = self._load_dispatch[typ] self[tag] = handler(self, data, self.legacy_api) # check type val = self._tags_v2[tag] if self.legacy_api and not isinstance(val, (tuple, bytes)): val = val, return val def __contains__(self, tag): return tag in self._tags_v2 or tag in self._tagdata if bytes is str: def has_key(self, tag): return tag in self def __setitem__(self, tag, value): self._setitem(tag, value, self.legacy_api) def _setitem(self, tag, value, legacy_api): basetypes = (Number, bytes, str) if bytes is str: basetypes += unicode, info = TAGS_V2.get(tag, TagInfo()) values = [value] if isinstance(value, basetypes) else value if tag not in self.tagtype: try: self.tagtype[tag] = info.type except KeyError: self.tagtype[tag] = 7 if all(isinstance(v, int) for v in values): if all(v < 2 ** 16 for v in values): self.tagtype[tag] = 3 else: self.tagtype[tag] = 4 elif all(isinstance(v, float) for v in values): self.tagtype[tag] = 12 else: if bytes is str: # Never treat data as binary by default on Python 2. self.tagtype[tag] = 2 else: if all(isinstance(v, str) for v in values): self.tagtype[tag] = 2 if self.tagtype[tag] == 7 and bytes is not str: values = [value.encode("ascii", 'replace') if isinstance(value, str) else value for value in values] values = tuple(info.cvt_enum(value) for value in values) dest = self._tags_v1 if legacy_api else self._tags_v2 if info.length == 1: if legacy_api and self.tagtype[tag] in [5, 10]: values = values, dest[tag], = values else: dest[tag] = values def __delitem__(self, tag): self._tags_v2.pop(tag, None) self._tags_v1.pop(tag, None) self._tagdata.pop(tag, None) def __iter__(self): return iter(set(self._tagdata) | set(self._tags_v2)) def _unpack(self, fmt, data): return struct.unpack(self._endian + fmt, data) def _pack(self, fmt, *values): return struct.pack(self._endian + fmt, *values) def _register_loader(idx, size): def decorator(func): from PIL.TiffTags import TYPES if func.__name__.startswith("load_"): TYPES[idx] = func.__name__[5:].replace("_", " ") _load_dispatch[idx] = size, func return func return decorator def _register_writer(idx): def decorator(func): _write_dispatch[idx] = func return func return decorator def _register_basic(idx_fmt_name): from PIL.TiffTags import TYPES idx, fmt, name = idx_fmt_name TYPES[idx] = name size = struct.calcsize("=" + fmt) _load_dispatch[idx] = size, lambda self, data, legacy_api=True: ( self._unpack("{0}{1}".format(len(data) // size, fmt), data)) _write_dispatch[idx] = lambda self, *values: ( b"".join(self._pack(fmt, value) for value in values)) list(map(_register_basic, [(3, "H", "short"), (4, "L", "long"), (6, "b", "signed byte"), (8, "h", "signed short"), (9, "l", "signed long"), (11, "f", "float"), (12, "d", "double")])) @_register_loader(1, 1) # Basic type, except for the legacy API. def load_byte(self, data, legacy_api=True): return (data if legacy_api else tuple(map(ord, data) if bytes is str else data)) @_register_writer(1) # Basic type, except for the legacy API. def write_byte(self, data): return data @_register_loader(2, 1) def load_string(self, data, legacy_api=True): if data.endswith(b"\0"): data = data[:-1] return data.decode("latin-1", "replace") @_register_writer(2) def write_string(self, value): # remerge of https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/pull/1416 if sys.version_info[0] == 2: value = value.decode('ascii', 'replace') return b"" + value.encode('ascii', 'replace') + b"\0" @_register_loader(5, 8) def load_rational(self, data, legacy_api=True): vals = self._unpack("{0}L".format(len(data) // 4), data) combine = lambda a, b: (a, b) if legacy_api else a / b return tuple(combine(num, denom) for num, denom in zip(vals[::2], vals[1::2])) @_register_writer(5) def write_rational(self, *values): return b"".join(self._pack("2L", *_limit_rational(frac, 2 ** 31)) for frac in values) @_register_loader(7, 1) def load_undefined(self, data, legacy_api=True): return data @_register_writer(7) def write_undefined(self, value): return value @_register_loader(10, 8) def load_signed_rational(self, data, legacy_api=True): vals = self._unpack("{0}l".format(len(data) // 4), data) combine = lambda a, b: (a, b) if legacy_api else a / b return tuple(combine(num, denom) for num, denom in zip(vals[::2], vals[1::2])) @_register_writer(10) def write_signed_rational(self, *values): return b"".join(self._pack("2L", *_limit_rational(frac, 2 ** 30)) for frac in values) def _ensure_read(self, fp, size): ret = fp.read(size) if len(ret) != size: raise IOError("Corrupt EXIF data. " + "Expecting to read %d bytes but only got %d. " % (size, len(ret))) return ret def load(self, fp): self.reset() self._offset = fp.tell() try: for i in range(self._unpack("H", self._ensure_read(fp, 2))[0]): tag, typ, count, data = self._unpack("HHL4s", self._ensure_read(fp, 12)) if DEBUG: tagname = TAGS_V2.get(tag, TagInfo()).name typname = TYPES.get(typ, "unknown") print("tag: %s (%d) - type: %s (%d)" % (tagname, tag, typname, typ), end=" ") try: unit_size, handler = self._load_dispatch[typ] except KeyError: if DEBUG: print("- unsupported type", typ) continue # ignore unsupported type size = count * unit_size if size > 4: here = fp.tell() offset, = self._unpack("L", data) if DEBUG: print("Tag Location: %s - Data Location: %s" % (here, offset), end=" ") fp.seek(offset) data = ImageFile._safe_read(fp, size) fp.seek(here) else: data = data[:size] if len(data) != size: warnings.warn("Possibly corrupt EXIF data. " "Expecting to read %d bytes but only got %d. " "Skipping tag %s" % (size, len(data), tag)) continue self._tagdata[tag] = data self.tagtype[tag] = typ if DEBUG: if size > 32: print("- value: " % size) else: print("- value:", self[tag]) self.next, = self._unpack("L", self._ensure_read(fp, 4)) except IOError as msg: warnings.warn(str(msg)) return def save(self, fp): if fp.tell() == 0: # skip TIFF header on subsequent pages # tiff header -- PIL always starts the first IFD at offset 8 fp.write(self._prefix + self._pack("HL", 42, 8)) # FIXME What about tagdata? fp.write(self._pack("H", len(self._tags_v2))) entries = [] offset = fp.tell() + len(self._tags_v2) * 12 + 4 stripoffsets = None # pass 1: convert tags to binary format # always write tags in ascending order for tag, value in sorted(self._tags_v2.items()): if tag == STRIPOFFSETS: stripoffsets = len(entries) typ = self.tagtype.get(tag) if DEBUG: print("Tag %s, Type: %s, Value: %s" % (tag, typ, value)) values = value if isinstance(value, tuple) else (value,) data = self._write_dispatch[typ](self, *values) if DEBUG: tagname = TAGS_V2.get(tag, TagInfo()).name typname = TYPES.get(typ, "unknown") print("save: %s (%d) - type: %s (%d)" % (tagname, tag, typname, typ), end=" ") if len(data) >= 16: print("- value: " % len(data)) else: print("- value:", values) # count is sum of lengths for string and arbitrary data count = len(data) if typ in [2, 7] else len(values) # figure out if data fits into the entry if len(data) <= 4: entries.append((tag, typ, count, data.ljust(4, b"\0"), b"")) else: entries.append((tag, typ, count, self._pack("L", offset), data)) offset += (len(data) + 1) // 2 * 2 # pad to word # update strip offset data to point beyond auxiliary data if stripoffsets is not None: tag, typ, count, value, data = entries[stripoffsets] if data: raise NotImplementedError( "multistrip support not yet implemented") value = self._pack("L", self._unpack("L", value)[0] + offset) entries[stripoffsets] = tag, typ, count, value, data # pass 2: write entries to file for tag, typ, count, value, data in entries: if DEBUG > 1: print(tag, typ, count, repr(value), repr(data)) fp.write(self._pack("HHL4s", tag, typ, count, value)) # -- overwrite here for multi-page -- fp.write(b"\0\0\0\0") # end of entries # pass 3: write auxiliary data to file for tag, typ, count, value, data in entries: fp.write(data) if len(data) & 1: fp.write(b"\0") return offset ImageFileDirectory_v2._load_dispatch = _load_dispatch ImageFileDirectory_v2._write_dispatch = _write_dispatch for idx, name in TYPES.items(): name = name.replace(" ", "_") setattr(ImageFileDirectory_v2, "load_" + name, _load_dispatch[idx][1]) setattr(ImageFileDirectory_v2, "write_" + name, _write_dispatch[idx]) del _load_dispatch, _write_dispatch, idx, name # Legacy ImageFileDirectory support. class ImageFileDirectory_v1(ImageFileDirectory_v2): """This class represents the **legacy** interface to a TIFF tag directory. Exposes a dictionary interface of the tags in the directory:: ifd = ImageFileDirectory_v1() ifd[key] = 'Some Data' ifd.tagtype[key] = 2 print ifd[key] ('Some Data',) Also contains a dictionary of tag types as read from the tiff image file, `~PIL.TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory_v1.tagtype`. Values are returned as a tuple. .. deprecated:: 3.0.0 """ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): ImageFileDirectory_v2.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) self._legacy_api = True tags = property(lambda self: self._tags_v1) tagdata = property(lambda self: self._tagdata) @classmethod def from_v2(cls, original): """ Returns an :py:class:`~PIL.TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory_v1` instance with the same data as is contained in the original :py:class:`~PIL.TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory_v2` instance. :returns: :py:class:`~PIL.TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory_v1` """ ifd = cls(prefix=original.prefix) ifd._tagdata = original._tagdata ifd.tagtype = original.tagtype ifd.next = original.next # an indicator for multipage tiffs return ifd def to_v2(self): """ Returns an :py:class:`~PIL.TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory_v2` instance with the same data as is contained in the original :py:class:`~PIL.TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory_v1` instance. :returns: :py:class:`~PIL.TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory_v2` """ ifd = ImageFileDirectory_v2(prefix=self.prefix) ifd._tagdata = dict(self._tagdata) ifd.tagtype = dict(self.tagtype) ifd._tags_v2 = dict(self._tags_v2) return ifd def __contains__(self, tag): return tag in self._tags_v1 or tag in self._tagdata def __len__(self): return len(set(self._tagdata) | set(self._tags_v1)) def __iter__(self): return iter(set(self._tagdata) | set(self._tags_v1)) def __setitem__(self, tag, value): for legacy_api in (False, True): self._setitem(tag, value, legacy_api) def __getitem__(self, tag): if tag not in self._tags_v1: # unpack on the fly data = self._tagdata[tag] typ = self.tagtype[tag] size, handler = self._load_dispatch[typ] for legacy in (False, True): self._setitem(tag, handler(self, data, legacy), legacy) val = self._tags_v1[tag] if not isinstance(val, (tuple, bytes)): val = val, return val # undone -- switch this pointer when IFD_LEGACY_API == False ImageFileDirectory = ImageFileDirectory_v1 ## # Image plugin for TIFF files. class TiffImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile): format = "TIFF" format_description = "Adobe TIFF" def _open(self): "Open the first image in a TIFF file" # Header ifh = self.fp.read(8) # image file directory (tag dictionary) self.tag_v2 = ImageFileDirectory_v2(ifh) # legacy tag/ifd entries will be filled in later self.tag = self.ifd = None # setup frame pointers self.__first = self.__next = self.tag_v2.next self.__frame = -1 self.__fp = self.fp self._frame_pos = [] self._n_frames = None self._is_animated = None if DEBUG: print("*** TiffImageFile._open ***") print("- __first:", self.__first) print("- ifh: ", ifh) # and load the first frame self._seek(0) @property def n_frames(self): if self._n_frames is None: current = self.tell() try: while True: self._seek(self.tell() + 1) except EOFError: self._n_frames = self.tell() + 1 self.seek(current) return self._n_frames @property def is_animated(self): if self._is_animated is None: current = self.tell() try: self.seek(1) self._is_animated = True except EOFError: self._is_animated = False self.seek(current) return self._is_animated def seek(self, frame): "Select a given frame as current image" self._seek(max(frame, 0)) # Questionable backwards compatibility. # Create a new core image object on second and # subsequent frames in the image. Image may be # different size/mode. Image._decompression_bomb_check(self.size) self.im = Image.core.new(self.mode, self.size) def _seek(self, frame): self.fp = self.__fp while len(self._frame_pos) <= frame: if not self.__next: raise EOFError("no more images in TIFF file") if DEBUG: print("Seeking to frame %s, on frame %s, " "__next %s, location: %s" % (frame, self.__frame, self.__next, self.fp.tell())) # reset python3 buffered io handle in case fp # was passed to libtiff, invalidating the buffer self.fp.tell() self.fp.seek(self.__next) self._frame_pos.append(self.__next) if DEBUG: print("Loading tags, location: %s" % self.fp.tell()) self.tag_v2.load(self.fp) self.__next = self.tag_v2.next self.__frame += 1 self.fp.seek(self._frame_pos[frame]) self.tag_v2.load(self.fp) # fill the legacy tag/ifd entries self.tag = self.ifd = ImageFileDirectory_v1.from_v2(self.tag_v2) self.__frame = frame self._setup() def tell(self): "Return the current frame number" return self.__frame def _decoder(self, rawmode, layer, tile=None): "Setup decoder contexts" args = None if rawmode == "RGB" and self._planar_configuration == 2: rawmode = rawmode[layer] compression = self._compression if compression == "raw": args = (rawmode, 0, 1) elif compression == "jpeg": args = rawmode, "" if JPEGTABLES in self.tag_v2: # Hack to handle abbreviated JPEG headers # FIXME This will fail with more than one value self.tile_prefix, = self.tag_v2[JPEGTABLES] elif compression == "packbits": args = rawmode elif compression == "tiff_lzw": args = rawmode if PREDICTOR in self.tag_v2: # Section 14: Differencing Predictor self.decoderconfig = (self.tag_v2[PREDICTOR],) if ICCPROFILE in self.tag_v2: self.info['icc_profile'] = self.tag_v2[ICCPROFILE] return args def _load_libtiff(self): """ Overload method triggered when we detect a compressed tiff Calls out to libtiff """ pixel = Image.Image.load(self) if self.tile is None: raise IOError("cannot load this image") if not self.tile: return pixel self.load_prepare() if not len(self.tile) == 1: raise IOError("Not exactly one tile") # (self._compression, (extents tuple), # 0, (rawmode, self._compression, fp)) extents = self.tile[0][1] args = self.tile[0][3] + (self.tag_v2.offset,) decoder = Image._getdecoder(self.mode, 'libtiff', args, self.decoderconfig) try: decoder.setimage(self.im, extents) except ValueError: raise IOError("Couldn't set the image") if hasattr(self.fp, "getvalue"): # We've got a stringio like thing passed in. Yay for all in memory. # The decoder needs the entire file in one shot, so there's not # a lot we can do here other than give it the entire file. # unless we could do something like get the address of the # underlying string for stringio. # # Rearranging for supporting byteio items, since they have a fileno # that returns an IOError if there's no underlying fp. Easier to # deal with here by reordering. if DEBUG: print("have getvalue. just sending in a string from getvalue") n, err = decoder.decode(self.fp.getvalue()) elif hasattr(self.fp, "fileno"): # we've got a actual file on disk, pass in the fp. if DEBUG: print("have fileno, calling fileno version of the decoder.") self.fp.seek(0) # 4 bytes, otherwise the trace might error out n, err = decoder.decode(b"fpfp") else: # we have something else. if DEBUG: print("don't have fileno or getvalue. just reading") # UNDONE -- so much for that buffer size thing. n, err = decoder.decode(self.fp.read()) self.tile = [] self.readonly = 0 # libtiff closed the fp in a, we need to close self.fp, if possible if hasattr(self.fp, 'close'): if not self.__next: self.fp.close() self.fp = None # might be shared if err < 0: raise IOError(err) self.load_end() return Image.Image.load(self) def _setup(self): "Setup this image object based on current tags" if 0xBC01 in self.tag_v2: raise IOError("Windows Media Photo files not yet supported") # extract relevant tags self._compression = COMPRESSION_INFO[self.tag_v2.get(COMPRESSION, 1)] self._planar_configuration = self.tag_v2.get(PLANAR_CONFIGURATION, 1) # photometric is a required tag, but not everyone is reading # the specification photo = self.tag_v2.get(PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION, 0) fillorder = self.tag_v2.get(FILLORDER, 1) if DEBUG: print("*** Summary ***") print("- compression:", self._compression) print("- photometric_interpretation:", photo) print("- planar_configuration:", self._planar_configuration) print("- fill_order:", fillorder) # size xsize = self.tag_v2.get(IMAGEWIDTH) ysize = self.tag_v2.get(IMAGELENGTH) self.size = xsize, ysize if DEBUG: print("- size:", self.size) format = self.tag_v2.get(SAMPLEFORMAT, (1,)) # mode: check photometric interpretation and bits per pixel key = ( self.tag_v2.prefix, photo, format, fillorder, self.tag_v2.get(BITSPERSAMPLE, (1,)), self.tag_v2.get(EXTRASAMPLES, ()) ) if DEBUG: print("format key:", key) try: self.mode, rawmode = OPEN_INFO[key] except KeyError: if DEBUG: print("- unsupported format") raise SyntaxError("unknown pixel mode") if DEBUG: print("- raw mode:", rawmode) print("- pil mode:", self.mode) self.info["compression"] = self._compression xres = self.tag_v2.get(X_RESOLUTION, (1, 1)) yres = self.tag_v2.get(Y_RESOLUTION, (1, 1)) if xres and not isinstance(xres, tuple): xres = (xres, 1.) if yres and not isinstance(yres, tuple): yres = (yres, 1.) if xres and yres: xres = xres[0] / (xres[1] or 1) yres = yres[0] / (yres[1] or 1) resunit = self.tag_v2.get(RESOLUTION_UNIT, 1) if resunit == 2: # dots per inch self.info["dpi"] = xres, yres elif resunit == 3: # dots per centimeter. convert to dpi self.info["dpi"] = xres * 2.54, yres * 2.54 else: # No absolute unit of measurement self.info["resolution"] = xres, yres # build tile descriptors x = y = l = 0 self.tile = [] if STRIPOFFSETS in self.tag_v2: # striped image offsets = self.tag_v2[STRIPOFFSETS] h = self.tag_v2.get(ROWSPERSTRIP, ysize) w = self.size[0] if READ_LIBTIFF or self._compression in ["tiff_ccitt", "group3", "group4", "tiff_jpeg", "tiff_adobe_deflate", "tiff_thunderscan", "tiff_deflate", "tiff_sgilog", "tiff_sgilog24", "tiff_raw_16"]: # if DEBUG: # print "Activating g4 compression for whole file" # Decoder expects entire file as one tile. # There's a buffer size limit in load (64k) # so large g4 images will fail if we use that # function. # # Setup the one tile for the whole image, then # replace the existing load function with our # _load_libtiff function. self.load = self._load_libtiff # To be nice on memory footprint, if there's a # file descriptor, use that instead of reading # into a string in python. # libtiff closes the file descriptor, so pass in a dup. try: fp = hasattr(self.fp, "fileno") and \ os.dup(self.fp.fileno()) # flush the file descriptor, prevents error on pypy 2.4+ # should also eliminate the need for fp.tell for py3 # in _seek self.fp.flush() except IOError: # io.BytesIO have a fileno, but returns an IOError if # it doesn't use a file descriptor. fp = False # libtiff handles the fillmode for us, so 1;IR should # actually be 1;I. Including the R double reverses the # bits, so stripes of the image are reversed. See # https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/279 if fillorder == 2: key = ( self.tag_v2.prefix, photo, format, 1, self.tag_v2.get(BITSPERSAMPLE, (1,)), self.tag_v2.get(EXTRASAMPLES, ()) ) if DEBUG: print("format key:", key) # this should always work, since all the # fillorder==2 modes have a corresponding # fillorder=1 mode self.mode, rawmode = OPEN_INFO[key] # libtiff always returns the bytes in native order. # we're expecting image byte order. So, if the rawmode # contains I;16, we need to convert from native to image # byte order. if self.mode in ('I;16B', 'I;16') and 'I;16' in rawmode: rawmode = 'I;16N' # Offset in the tile tuple is 0, we go from 0,0 to # w,h, and we only do this once -- eds a = (rawmode, self._compression, fp) self.tile.append( (self._compression, (0, 0, w, ysize), 0, a)) a = None else: for i in range(len(offsets)): a = self._decoder(rawmode, l, i) self.tile.append( (self._compression, (0, min(y, ysize), w, min(y+h, ysize)), offsets[i], a)) if DEBUG: print("tiles: ", self.tile) y = y + h if y >= self.size[1]: x = y = 0 l += 1 a = None elif TILEOFFSETS in self.tag_v2: # tiled image w = self.tag_v2.get(322) h = self.tag_v2.get(323) a = None for o in self.tag_v2[TILEOFFSETS]: if not a: a = self._decoder(rawmode, l) # FIXME: this doesn't work if the image size # is not a multiple of the tile size... self.tile.append( (self._compression, (x, y, x+w, y+h), o, a)) x = x + w if x >= self.size[0]: x, y = 0, y + h if y >= self.size[1]: x = y = 0 l += 1 a = None else: if DEBUG: print("- unsupported data organization") raise SyntaxError("unknown data organization") # fixup palette descriptor if self.mode == "P": palette = [o8(b // 256) for b in self.tag_v2[COLORMAP]] self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB;L", b"".join(palette)) # # -------------------------------------------------------------------- # Write TIFF files # little endian is default except for image modes with # explicit big endian byte-order SAVE_INFO = { # mode => rawmode, byteorder, photometrics, # sampleformat, bitspersample, extra "1": ("1", II, 1, 1, (1,), None), "L": ("L", II, 1, 1, (8,), None), "LA": ("LA", II, 1, 1, (8, 8), 2), "P": ("P", II, 3, 1, (8,), None), "PA": ("PA", II, 3, 1, (8, 8), 2), "I": ("I;32S", II, 1, 2, (32,), None), "I;16": ("I;16", II, 1, 1, (16,), None), "I;16S": ("I;16S", II, 1, 2, (16,), None), "F": ("F;32F", II, 1, 3, (32,), None), "RGB": ("RGB", II, 2, 1, (8, 8, 8), None), "RGBX": ("RGBX", II, 2, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), 0), "RGBA": ("RGBA", II, 2, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), 2), "CMYK": ("CMYK", II, 5, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), None), "YCbCr": ("YCbCr", II, 6, 1, (8, 8, 8), None), "LAB": ("LAB", II, 8, 1, (8, 8, 8), None), "I;32BS": ("I;32BS", MM, 1, 2, (32,), None), "I;16B": ("I;16B", MM, 1, 1, (16,), None), "I;16BS": ("I;16BS", MM, 1, 2, (16,), None), "F;32BF": ("F;32BF", MM, 1, 3, (32,), None), } def _save(im, fp, filename): try: rawmode, prefix, photo, format, bits, extra = SAVE_INFO[im.mode] except KeyError: raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as TIFF" % im.mode) ifd = ImageFileDirectory_v2(prefix=prefix) compression = im.encoderinfo.get('compression', im.info.get('compression', 'raw')) libtiff = WRITE_LIBTIFF or compression != 'raw' # required for color libtiff images ifd[PLANAR_CONFIGURATION] = getattr(im, '_planar_configuration', 1) ifd[IMAGEWIDTH] = im.size[0] ifd[IMAGELENGTH] = im.size[1] # write any arbitrary tags passed in as an ImageFileDirectory info = im.encoderinfo.get("tiffinfo", {}) if DEBUG: print("Tiffinfo Keys: %s" % list(info)) if isinstance(info, ImageFileDirectory_v1): info = info.to_v2() for key in info: ifd[key] = info.get(key) try: ifd.tagtype[key] = info.tagtype[key] except: pass # might not be an IFD, Might not have populated type # additions written by Greg Couch, gregc@cgl.ucsf.edu # inspired by image-sig posting from Kevin Cazabon, kcazabon@home.com if hasattr(im, 'tag_v2'): # preserve tags from original TIFF image file for key in (RESOLUTION_UNIT, X_RESOLUTION, Y_RESOLUTION, IPTC_NAA_CHUNK, PHOTOSHOP_CHUNK, XMP): if key in im.tag_v2: ifd[key] = im.tag_v2[key] ifd.tagtype[key] = im.tag_v2.tagtype.get(key, None) # preserve ICC profile (should also work when saving other formats # which support profiles as TIFF) -- 2008-06-06 Florian Hoech if "icc_profile" in im.info: ifd[ICCPROFILE] = im.info["icc_profile"] for key, name in [(IMAGEDESCRIPTION, "description"), (X_RESOLUTION, "resolution"), (Y_RESOLUTION, "resolution"), (X_RESOLUTION, "x_resolution"), (Y_RESOLUTION, "y_resolution"), (RESOLUTION_UNIT, "resolution_unit"), (SOFTWARE, "software"), (DATE_TIME, "date_time"), (ARTIST, "artist"), (COPYRIGHT, "copyright")]: name_with_spaces = name.replace("_", " ") if "_" in name and name_with_spaces in im.encoderinfo: warnings.warn("%r is deprecated; use %r instead" % (name_with_spaces, name), DeprecationWarning) ifd[key] = im.encoderinfo[name.replace("_", " ")] if name in im.encoderinfo: ifd[key] = im.encoderinfo[name] dpi = im.encoderinfo.get("dpi") if dpi: ifd[RESOLUTION_UNIT] = 2 ifd[X_RESOLUTION] = dpi[0] ifd[Y_RESOLUTION] = dpi[1] if bits != (1,): ifd[BITSPERSAMPLE] = bits if len(bits) != 1: ifd[SAMPLESPERPIXEL] = len(bits) if extra is not None: ifd[EXTRASAMPLES] = extra if format != 1: ifd[SAMPLEFORMAT] = format ifd[PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION] = photo if im.mode == "P": lut = im.im.getpalette("RGB", "RGB;L") ifd[COLORMAP] = tuple(i8(v) * 256 for v in lut) # data orientation stride = len(bits) * ((im.size[0]*bits[0]+7)//8) ifd[ROWSPERSTRIP] = im.size[1] ifd[STRIPBYTECOUNTS] = stride * im.size[1] ifd[STRIPOFFSETS] = 0 # this is adjusted by IFD writer # no compression by default: ifd[COMPRESSION] = COMPRESSION_INFO_REV.get(compression, 1) if libtiff: if DEBUG: print("Saving using libtiff encoder") print("Items: %s" % sorted(ifd.items())) _fp = 0 if hasattr(fp, "fileno"): try: fp.seek(0) _fp = os.dup(fp.fileno()) except io.UnsupportedOperation: pass # ICC Profile crashes. blocklist = [STRIPOFFSETS, STRIPBYTECOUNTS, ROWSPERSTRIP, ICCPROFILE] atts = {} # bits per sample is a single short in the tiff directory, not a list. atts[BITSPERSAMPLE] = bits[0] # Merge the ones that we have with (optional) more bits from # the original file, e.g x,y resolution so that we can # save(load('')) == original file. legacy_ifd = {} if hasattr(im, 'tag'): legacy_ifd = im.tag.to_v2() for k, v in itertools.chain(ifd.items(), getattr(im, 'tag_v2', {}).items(), legacy_ifd.items()): if k not in atts and k not in blocklist: if isinstance(v, unicode if bytes is str else str): atts[k] = v.encode('ascii', 'replace') + b"\0" else: atts[k] = v if DEBUG: print("Converted items: %s" % sorted(atts.items())) # libtiff always expects the bytes in native order. # we're storing image byte order. So, if the rawmode # contains I;16, we need to convert from native to image # byte order. if im.mode in ('I;16B', 'I;16'): rawmode = 'I;16N' a = (rawmode, compression, _fp, filename, atts) # print(im.mode, compression, a, im.encoderconfig) e = Image._getencoder(im.mode, 'libtiff', a, im.encoderconfig) e.setimage(im.im, (0, 0)+im.size) while True: # undone, change to self.decodermaxblock: l, s, d = e.encode(16*1024) if not _fp: fp.write(d) if s: break if s < 0: raise IOError("encoder error %d when writing image file" % s) else: offset = ifd.save(fp) ImageFile._save(im, fp, [ ("raw", (0, 0)+im.size, offset, (rawmode, stride, 1)) ]) # -- helper for multi-page save -- if "_debug_multipage" in im.encoderinfo: # just to access o32 and o16 (using correct byte order) im._debug_multipage = ifd # # -------------------------------------------------------------------- # Register Image.register_open(TiffImageFile.format, TiffImageFile, _accept) Image.register_save(TiffImageFile.format, _save) Image.register_extension(TiffImageFile.format, ".tif") Image.register_extension(TiffImageFile.format, ".tiff") Image.register_mime(TiffImageFile.format, "image/tiff")