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Pillow/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py
Antony Lee d5b46dce96 Fix MPO support, and Python2.6 support.
2015-09-11 22:34:50 +01:00

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# TIFF file handling
#
# TIFF is a flexible, if somewhat aged, image file format originally
# defined by Aldus. Although TIFF supports a wide variety of pixel
# layouts and compression methods, the name doesn't really stand for
# "thousands of incompatible file formats," it just feels that way.
#
# To read TIFF data from a stream, the stream must be seekable. For
# progressive decoding, make sure to use TIFF files where the tag
# directory is placed first in the file.
#
# History:
# 1995-09-01 fl Created
# 1996-05-04 fl Handle JPEGTABLES tag
# 1996-05-18 fl Fixed COLORMAP support
# 1997-01-05 fl Fixed PREDICTOR support
# 1997-08-27 fl Added support for rational tags (from Perry Stoll)
# 1998-01-10 fl Fixed seek/tell (from Jan Blom)
# 1998-07-15 fl Use private names for internal variables
# 1999-06-13 fl Rewritten for PIL 1.0 (1.0)
# 2000-10-11 fl Additional fixes for Python 2.0 (1.1)
# 2001-04-17 fl Fixed rewind support (seek to frame 0) (1.2)
# 2001-05-12 fl Added write support for more tags (from Greg Couch) (1.3)
# 2001-12-18 fl Added workaround for broken Matrox library
# 2002-01-18 fl Don't mess up if photometric tag is missing (D. Alan Stewart)
# 2003-05-19 fl Check FILLORDER tag
# 2003-09-26 fl Added RGBa support
# 2004-02-24 fl Added DPI support; fixed rational write support
# 2005-02-07 fl Added workaround for broken Corel Draw 10 files
# 2006-01-09 fl Added support for float/double tags (from Russell Nelson)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2006 by Secret Labs AB. All rights reserved.
# Copyright (c) 1995-1997 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import division, print_function
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
from PIL import ImagePalette
from PIL import _binary
import collections
from fractions import Fraction
import io
import itertools
from numbers import Number
import os
import struct
import sys
import warnings
from .TiffTags import TAGS, TYPES, TagInfo
__version__ = "1.3.5"
DEBUG = False # Needs to be merged with the new logging approach.
# Set these to true to force use of libtiff for reading or writing.
READ_LIBTIFF = False
WRITE_LIBTIFF = False
II = b"II" # little-endian (Intel style)
MM = b"MM" # big-endian (Motorola style)
i8 = _binary.i8
o8 = _binary.o8
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Read TIFF files
# a few tag names, just to make the code below a bit more readable
IMAGEWIDTH = 256
IMAGELENGTH = 257
BITSPERSAMPLE = 258
COMPRESSION = 259
PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION = 262
FILLORDER = 266
IMAGEDESCRIPTION = 270
STRIPOFFSETS = 273
SAMPLESPERPIXEL = 277
ROWSPERSTRIP = 278
STRIPBYTECOUNTS = 279
X_RESOLUTION = 282
Y_RESOLUTION = 283
PLANAR_CONFIGURATION = 284
RESOLUTION_UNIT = 296
SOFTWARE = 305
DATE_TIME = 306
ARTIST = 315
PREDICTOR = 317
COLORMAP = 320
TILEOFFSETS = 324
EXTRASAMPLES = 338
SAMPLEFORMAT = 339
JPEGTABLES = 347
COPYRIGHT = 33432
IPTC_NAA_CHUNK = 33723 # newsphoto properties
PHOTOSHOP_CHUNK = 34377 # photoshop properties
ICCPROFILE = 34675
EXIFIFD = 34665
XMP = 700
# https://github.com/fiji/ImageJA/blob/master/src/main/java/ij/io/TiffDecoder.java
IMAGEJ_META_DATA_BYTE_COUNTS = 50838
IMAGEJ_META_DATA = 50839
COMPRESSION_INFO = {
# Compression => pil compression name
1: "raw",
2: "tiff_ccitt",
3: "group3",
4: "group4",
5: "tiff_lzw",
6: "tiff_jpeg", # obsolete
7: "jpeg",
8: "tiff_adobe_deflate",
32771: "tiff_raw_16", # 16-bit padding
32773: "packbits",
32809: "tiff_thunderscan",
32946: "tiff_deflate",
34676: "tiff_sgilog",
34677: "tiff_sgilog24",
}
COMPRESSION_INFO_REV = dict([(v, k) for (k, v) in COMPRESSION_INFO.items()])
OPEN_INFO = {
# (ByteOrder, PhotoInterpretation, SampleFormat, FillOrder, BitsPerSample,
# ExtraSamples) => mode, rawmode
(II, 0, (1,), 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;I"),
(II, 0, (1,), 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;IR"),
(II, 0, (1,), 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;I"),
(II, 0, (1,), 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;IR"),
(II, 0, (3,), 1, (32,), ()): ("F", "F;32F"),
(II, 1, (1,), 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1"),
(II, 1, (1,), 1, (4,), ()): ("L", "L;4"),
(II, 1, (1,), 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;R"),
(II, 1, (1,), 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L"),
(II, 1, (1,), 1, (8, 8), (2,)): ("LA", "LA"),
(II, 1, (1,), 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;R"),
(II, 1, (1,), 1, (12,), ()): ("I;16", "I;12"),
(II, 1, (1,), 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16", "I;16"),
(II, 1, (2,), 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16S", "I;16S"),
(II, 1, (1,), 1, (32,), ()): ("I", "I;32N"),
(II, 1, (2,), 1, (32,), ()): ("I", "I;32S"),
(II, 1, (3,), 1, (32,), ()): ("F", "F;32F"),
(II, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB"),
(II, 2, (1,), 2, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB;R"),
(II, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # missing ExtraSamples
(II, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (0,)): ("RGBX", "RGBX"),
(II, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (1,)): ("RGBA", "RGBa"),
(II, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (2,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"),
(II, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (999,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # Corel Draw 10
(II, 3, (1,), 1, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1"),
(II, 3, (1,), 2, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1R"),
(II, 3, (1,), 1, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2"),
(II, 3, (1,), 2, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2R"),
(II, 3, (1,), 1, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4"),
(II, 3, (1,), 2, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4R"),
(II, 3, (1,), 1, (8,), ()): ("P", "P"),
(II, 3, (1,), 1, (8, 8), (2,)): ("PA", "PA"),
(II, 3, (1,), 2, (8,), ()): ("P", "P;R"),
(II, 5, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), ()): ("CMYK", "CMYK"),
(II, 6, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("YCbCr", "YCbCr"),
(II, 8, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("LAB", "LAB"),
(MM, 0, (1,), 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;I"),
(MM, 0, (1,), 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;IR"),
(MM, 0, (1,), 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;I"),
(MM, 0, (1,), 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;IR"),
(MM, 1, (1,), 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1"),
(MM, 1, (1,), 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;R"),
(MM, 1, (1,), 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L"),
(MM, 1, (1,), 1, (8, 8), (2,)): ("LA", "LA"),
(MM, 1, (1,), 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;R"),
(MM, 1, (1,), 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16B", "I;16B"),
(MM, 1, (2,), 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16BS", "I;16BS"),
(MM, 1, (2,), 1, (32,), ()): ("I;32BS", "I;32BS"),
(MM, 1, (3,), 1, (32,), ()): ("F", "F;32BF"),
(MM, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB"),
(MM, 2, (1,), 2, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB;R"),
(MM, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (0,)): ("RGBX", "RGBX"),
(MM, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (1,)): ("RGBA", "RGBa"),
(MM, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (2,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"),
(MM, 2, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (999,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # Corel Draw 10
(MM, 3, (1,), 1, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1"),
(MM, 3, (1,), 2, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1R"),
(MM, 3, (1,), 1, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2"),
(MM, 3, (1,), 2, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2R"),
(MM, 3, (1,), 1, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4"),
(MM, 3, (1,), 2, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4R"),
(MM, 3, (1,), 1, (8,), ()): ("P", "P"),
(MM, 3, (1,), 1, (8, 8), (2,)): ("PA", "PA"),
(MM, 3, (1,), 2, (8,), ()): ("P", "P;R"),
(MM, 5, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), ()): ("CMYK", "CMYK"),
(MM, 6, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("YCbCr", "YCbCr"),
(MM, 8, (1,), 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("LAB", "LAB"),
}
PREFIXES = [b"MM\000\052", b"II\052\000", b"II\xBC\000"]
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:4] in PREFIXES
def _limit_rational(val, max_val):
inv = abs(val) > 1
f = Fraction.from_float(1 / val if inv else val).limit_denominator(max_val)
n_d = (f.numerator, f.denominator)
return n_d[::-1] if inv else n_d
##
# Wrapper for TIFF IFDs.
_load_dispatch = {}
_write_dispatch = {}
class ImageFileDirectory(collections.MutableMapping):
"""This class represents a TIFF tag directory. To speed things up, we
don't decode tags unless they're asked for.
Exposes a dictionary interface of the tags in the directory
ImageFileDirectory[key] = value
value = ImageFileDirectory[key]
Also contains a dictionary of tag types as read from the tiff image file,
'ImageFileDirectory.tagtype'
Data Structures:
'public'
* self.tagtype = {} Key: numerical tiff tag number
Value: integer corresponding to the data type from
`TiffTags.TYPES`
'internal'
* self._tags = {} Key: numerical tiff tag number
Value: decoded data, as tuple for multiple values
* self._tagdata = {} Key: numerical tiff tag number
Value: undecoded byte string from file
Tags will be found in either self._tags or self._tagdata, but not
both. The union of the two should contain all the tags from the Tiff
image file. External classes shouldn't reference these unless they're
really sure what they're doing.
"""
def __init__(self, ifh=b"II\052\0\0\0\0\0", prefix=None):
"""Initialize an ImageFileDirectory.
To construct an ImageFileDirectory from a real file, pass the 8-byte
magic header to the constructor. To only set the endianness, pass it
as the 'prefix' keyword argument.
:ifh: One of the accepted magic headers (cf. PREFIXES); also sets
endianness.
:prefix: Override the endianness of the file.
"""
if ifh[:4] not in PREFIXES:
raise SyntaxError("not a TIFF file (header %r not valid)" % ifh)
self._prefix = prefix if prefix is not None else ifh[:2]
if self._prefix == MM:
self._endian = ">"
elif self._prefix == II:
self._endian = "<"
else:
raise SyntaxError("not a TIFF IFD")
self.reset()
self.next, = self._unpack("L", ifh[4:])
prefix = property(lambda self: self._prefix)
offset = property(lambda self: self._offset)
def reset(self):
self._tags = {}
self._tagdata = {}
self.tagtype = {} # added 2008-06-05 by Florian Hoech
self._next = None
self._offset = None
def __str__(self):
return str(dict(self))
def as_dict(self):
"""Return a dictionary of the image's tags."""
# FIXME Deprecate: use dict(self)
return dict(self)
def named(self):
"""
Returns the complete tag dictionary, with named tags where possible.
"""
return dict((TAGS.get(code, TagInfo()).name, value)
for code, value in self.items())
def __len__(self):
return len(self._tagdata) + len(self._tags)
def __getitem__(self, tag):
try:
return self._tags[tag]
except KeyError: # unpack on the fly
data = self._tagdata[tag]
typ = self.tagtype[tag]
size, handler = self._load_dispatch[typ]
self[tag] = handler(self, data) # check type
del self._tagdata[tag]
return self[tag]
def __contains__(self, tag):
return tag in self._tags or tag in self._tagdata
if bytes is str:
def has_key(self, tag):
return tag in self
def __setitem__(self, tag, value):
basetypes = (Number, bytes, str)
if bytes is str:
basetypes += unicode,
info = TAGS.get(tag, TagInfo())
values = [value] if isinstance(value, basetypes) else value
if tag not in self.tagtype:
try:
self.tagtype[tag] = info.type
except KeyError:
self.tagtype[tag] = 7
if all(isinstance(v, int) for v in values):
if all(v < 2 ** 16 for v in values):
self.tagtype[tag] = 3
else:
self.tagtype[tag] = 4
elif all(isinstance(v, float) for v in values):
self.tagtype[tag] = 12
else:
if bytes is str:
# Never treat data as binary by default on Python 2.
self.tagtype[tag] = 2
else:
if all(isinstance(v, str) for v in values):
self.tagtype[tag] = 2
if self.tagtype[tag] == 7 and bytes is not str:
values = [value.encode("ascii") if isinstance(value, str) else value
for value in values]
values = tuple(info.cvt_enum(value) for value in values)
if info.length == 1:
self._tags[tag], = values
else:
self._tags[tag] = values
def __delitem__(self, tag):
self._tags.pop(tag, None)
self._tagdata.pop(tag, None)
def __iter__(self):
return itertools.chain(list(self._tags), list(self._tagdata))
def _unpack(self, fmt, data):
return struct.unpack(self._endian + fmt, data)
def _pack(self, fmt, *values):
return struct.pack(self._endian + fmt, *values)
def _register_loader(idx, size):
def decorator(func):
from PIL.TiffTags import TYPES
if func.__name__.startswith("load_"):
TYPES[idx] = func.__name__[5:].replace("_", " ")
_load_dispatch[idx] = size, func
return func
return decorator
def _register_writer(idx):
def decorator(func):
_write_dispatch[idx] = func
return func
return decorator
def _register_basic(idx_fmt_name):
from PIL.TiffTags import TYPES
idx, fmt, name = idx_fmt_name
TYPES[idx] = name
size = struct.calcsize("=" + fmt)
_load_dispatch[idx] = size, lambda self, data: (
self._unpack("{0}{1}".format(len(data) // size, fmt), data))
_write_dispatch[idx] = lambda self, *values: (
b"".join(self._pack(fmt, value) for value in values))
list(map(_register_basic,
[(1, "B", "byte"), (3, "H", "short"), (4, "L", "long"),
(6, "b", "signed byte"), (8, "h", "signed short"),
(9, "l", "signed long"), (11, "f", "float"), (12, "d", "double")]))
@_register_loader(2, 1)
def load_string(self, data):
if data.endswith(b"\0"):
data = data[:-1]
return data.decode("latin-1", "replace")
@_register_writer(2)
def write_string(self, value):
# remerge of https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/pull/1416
if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
value = value.decode('ascii', 'replace')
return b"" + value.encode('ascii', 'replace') + b"\0"
@_register_loader(5, 8)
def load_rational(self, data):
vals = self._unpack("{0}L".format(len(data) // 4), data)
return tuple(num / denom for num, denom in zip(vals[::2], vals[1::2]))
@_register_writer(5)
def write_rational(self, *values):
return b"".join(self._pack("2L", *_limit_rational(frac, 2 ** 31))
for frac in values)
@_register_loader(7, 1)
def load_undefined(self, data):
return data
@_register_writer(7)
def write_undefined(self, value):
return value
@_register_loader(10, 8)
def load_signed_rational(self, data):
vals = self._unpack("{0}l".format(len(data) // 4), data)
return tuple(num / denom for num, denom in zip(vals[::2], vals[1::2]))
@_register_writer(10)
def write_signed_rational(self, *values):
return b"".join(self._pack("2L", *_limit_rational(frac, 2 ** 30))
for frac in values)
def load(self, fp):
self.reset()
self._offset = fp.tell()
for i in range(self._unpack("H", fp.read(2))[0]):
tag, typ, count, data = self._unpack("HHL4s", fp.read(12))
if Image.DEBUG:
tagname = TAGS.get(tag, TagInfo()).name
typname = TYPES.get(typ, "unknown")
print("tag: %s (%d) - type: %s (%d)" %
(tagname, tag, typname, typ), end=" ")
try:
unit_size, handler = self._load_dispatch[typ]
except KeyError:
if DEBUG:
print("- unsupported type", typ)
continue # ignore unsupported type
size = count * unit_size
if size > 4:
here = fp.tell()
offset, = self._unpack("L", data)
if Image.DEBUG:
print("Tag Location: %s - Data Location: %s" %
(here, offset), end=" ")
fp.seek(offset)
data = ImageFile._safe_read(fp, size)
fp.seek(here)
else:
data = data[:size]
if len(data) != size:
warnings.warn("Possibly corrupt EXIF data. "
"Expecting to read %d bytes but only got %d. "
"Skipping tag %s" % (size, len(data), tag))
continue
self._tagdata[tag] = data
self.tagtype[tag] = typ
if DEBUG:
if size > 32:
print("- value: <table: %d bytes>" % size)
else:
print("- value:", self[tag])
self.next, = self._unpack("L", fp.read(4))
def save(self, fp):
if fp.tell() == 0: # skip TIFF header on subsequent pages
# tiff header -- PIL always starts the first IFD at offset 8
fp.write(self._prefix + self._pack("HL", 42, 8))
# FIXME What about tagdata?
fp.write(self._pack("H", len(self._tags)))
entries = []
offset = fp.tell() + len(self._tags) * 12 + 4
stripoffsets = None
# pass 1: convert tags to binary format
# always write tags in ascending order
for tag, value in sorted(self._tags.items()):
if tag == STRIPOFFSETS:
stripoffsets = len(entries)
typ = self.tagtype.get(tag)
if DEBUG:
print("Tag %s, Type: %s, Value: %s" % (tag, typ, value))
values = value if isinstance(value, tuple) else (value,)
data = self._write_dispatch[typ](self, *values)
if DEBUG:
tagname = TAGS.get(tag, TagInfo()).name
typname = TYPES.get(typ, "unknown")
print("save: %s (%d) - type: %s (%d)" %
(tagname, tag, typname, typ), end=" ")
if len(data) >= 16:
print("- value: <table: %d bytes>" % len(data))
else:
print("- value:", values)
# count is sum of lengths for string and arbitrary data
count = len(data) if typ in [2, 7] else len(values)
# figure out if data fits into the entry
if len(data) <= 4:
entries.append((tag, typ, count, data.ljust(4, b"\0"), b""))
else:
entries.append((tag, typ, count, self._pack("L", offset), data))
offset += (len(data) + 1) // 2 * 2 # pad to word
# update strip offset data to point beyond auxiliary data
if stripoffsets is not None:
tag, typ, count, value, data = entries[stripoffsets]
if data:
raise NotImplementedError(
"multistrip support not yet implemented")
value = self._pack("L", self._unpack("L", value)[0] + offset)
entries[stripoffsets] = tag, typ, count, value, data
# pass 2: write entries to file
for tag, typ, count, value, data in entries:
if DEBUG > 1:
print(tag, typ, count, repr(value), repr(data))
fp.write(self._pack("HHL4s", tag, typ, count, value))
# -- overwrite here for multi-page --
fp.write(b"\0\0\0\0") # end of entries
# pass 3: write auxiliary data to file
for tag, typ, count, value, data in entries:
fp.write(data)
if len(data) & 1:
fp.write(b"\0")
return offset
ImageFileDirectory._load_dispatch = _load_dispatch
ImageFileDirectory._write_dispatch = _write_dispatch
for idx, name in TYPES.items():
name = name.replace(" ", "_")
setattr(ImageFileDirectory, "load_" + name, _load_dispatch[idx][1])
setattr(ImageFileDirectory, "write_" + name, _write_dispatch[idx])
del _load_dispatch, _write_dispatch, idx, name
##
# Image plugin for TIFF files.
class TiffImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "TIFF"
format_description = "Adobe TIFF"
def _open(self):
"Open the first image in a TIFF file"
# Header
ifh = self.fp.read(8)
# image file directory (tag dictionary)
self.tag = self.ifd = ImageFileDirectory(ifh)
# setup frame pointers
self.__first = self.__next = self.ifd.next
self.__frame = -1
self.__fp = self.fp
self._frame_pos = []
self._n_frames = None
self._is_animated = None
if DEBUG:
print("*** TiffImageFile._open ***")
print("- __first:", self.__first)
print("- ifh: ", ifh)
# and load the first frame
self._seek(0)
@property
def n_frames(self):
if self._n_frames is None:
current = self.tell()
try:
while True:
self._seek(self.tell() + 1)
except EOFError:
self._n_frames = self.tell() + 1
self.seek(current)
return self._n_frames
@property
def is_animated(self):
if self._is_animated is None:
current = self.tell()
try:
self.seek(1)
self._is_animated = True
except EOFError:
self._is_animated = False
self.seek(current)
return self._is_animated
def seek(self, frame):
"Select a given frame as current image"
self._seek(max(frame, 0)) # Questionable backwards compatibility.
# Create a new core image object on second and
# subsequent frames in the image. Image may be
# different size/mode.
Image._decompression_bomb_check(self.size)
self.im = Image.core.new(self.mode, self.size)
def _seek(self, frame):
self.fp = self.__fp
while len(self._frame_pos) <= frame:
if not self.__next:
raise EOFError("no more images in TIFF file")
if DEBUG:
print("Seeking to frame %s, on frame %s, "
"__next %s, location: %s" %
(frame, self.__frame, self.__next, self.fp.tell()))
# reset python3 buffered io handle in case fp
# was passed to libtiff, invalidating the buffer
self.fp.tell()
self.fp.seek(self.__next)
self._frame_pos.append(self.__next)
if DEBUG:
print("Loading tags, location: %s" % self.fp.tell())
self.tag.load(self.fp)
self.__next = self.tag.next
self.__frame += 1
self.fp.seek(self._frame_pos[frame])
self.tag.load(self.fp)
self.__frame = frame
self._setup()
def tell(self):
"Return the current frame number"
return self.__frame
def _decoder(self, rawmode, layer, tile=None):
"Setup decoder contexts"
args = None
if rawmode == "RGB" and self._planar_configuration == 2:
rawmode = rawmode[layer]
compression = self._compression
if compression == "raw":
args = (rawmode, 0, 1)
elif compression == "jpeg":
args = rawmode, ""
if JPEGTABLES in self.tag:
# Hack to handle abbreviated JPEG headers
# FIXME This will fail with more than one value
self.tile_prefix, = self.tag[JPEGTABLES]
elif compression == "packbits":
args = rawmode
elif compression == "tiff_lzw":
args = rawmode
if 317 in self.tag:
# Section 14: Differencing Predictor
self.decoderconfig = (self.tag[PREDICTOR][0],)
if ICCPROFILE in self.tag:
self.info['icc_profile'] = self.tag[ICCPROFILE]
return args
def _load_libtiff(self):
""" Overload method triggered when we detect a compressed tiff
Calls out to libtiff """
pixel = Image.Image.load(self)
if self.tile is None:
raise IOError("cannot load this image")
if not self.tile:
return pixel
self.load_prepare()
if not len(self.tile) == 1:
raise IOError("Not exactly one tile")
# (self._compression, (extents tuple),
# 0, (rawmode, self._compression, fp))
extents = self.tile[0][1]
args = self.tile[0][3] + (self.ifd.offset,)
decoder = Image._getdecoder(self.mode, 'libtiff', args,
self.decoderconfig)
try:
decoder.setimage(self.im, extents)
except ValueError:
raise IOError("Couldn't set the image")
if hasattr(self.fp, "getvalue"):
# We've got a stringio like thing passed in. Yay for all in memory.
# The decoder needs the entire file in one shot, so there's not
# a lot we can do here other than give it the entire file.
# unless we could do something like get the address of the
# underlying string for stringio.
#
# Rearranging for supporting byteio items, since they have a fileno
# that returns an IOError if there's no underlying fp. Easier to
# deal with here by reordering.
if DEBUG:
print("have getvalue. just sending in a string from getvalue")
n, err = decoder.decode(self.fp.getvalue())
elif hasattr(self.fp, "fileno"):
# we've got a actual file on disk, pass in the fp.
if DEBUG:
print("have fileno, calling fileno version of the decoder.")
self.fp.seek(0)
# 4 bytes, otherwise the trace might error out
n, err = decoder.decode(b"fpfp")
else:
# we have something else.
if DEBUG:
print("don't have fileno or getvalue. just reading")
# UNDONE -- so much for that buffer size thing.
n, err = decoder.decode(self.fp.read())
self.tile = []
self.readonly = 0
# libtiff closed the fp in a, we need to close self.fp, if possible
if hasattr(self.fp, 'close'):
if not self.__next:
self.fp.close()
self.fp = None # might be shared
if err < 0:
raise IOError(err)
self.load_end()
return Image.Image.load(self)
def _setup(self):
"Setup this image object based on current tags"
if 0xBC01 in self.tag:
raise IOError("Windows Media Photo files not yet supported")
# extract relevant tags
self._compression = COMPRESSION_INFO[self.tag.get(COMPRESSION, 1)]
self._planar_configuration = self.tag.get(PLANAR_CONFIGURATION, 1)
# photometric is a required tag, but not everyone is reading
# the specification
photo = self.tag.get(PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION, 0)
fillorder = self.tag.get(FILLORDER, 1)
if DEBUG:
print("*** Summary ***")
print("- compression:", self._compression)
print("- photometric_interpretation:", photo)
print("- planar_configuration:", self._planar_configuration)
print("- fill_order:", fillorder)
# size
xsize = self.tag.get(IMAGEWIDTH)
ysize = self.tag.get(IMAGELENGTH)
self.size = xsize, ysize
if DEBUG:
print("- size:", self.size)
format = self.tag.get(SAMPLEFORMAT, (1,))
# mode: check photometric interpretation and bits per pixel
key = (
self.tag.prefix, photo, format, fillorder,
self.tag.get(BITSPERSAMPLE, (1,)),
self.tag.get(EXTRASAMPLES, ())
)
if DEBUG:
print("format key:", key)
try:
self.mode, rawmode = OPEN_INFO[key]
except KeyError:
if DEBUG:
print("- unsupported format")
raise SyntaxError("unknown pixel mode")
if DEBUG:
print("- raw mode:", rawmode)
print("- pil mode:", self.mode)
self.info["compression"] = self._compression
xres = self.tag.get(X_RESOLUTION, (1, 1))
yres = self.tag.get(Y_RESOLUTION, (1, 1))
if xres and not isinstance(xres, tuple):
xres = (xres, 1.)
if yres and not isinstance(yres, tuple):
yres = (yres, 1.)
if xres and yres:
xres = xres[0] / (xres[1] or 1)
yres = yres[0] / (yres[1] or 1)
resunit = self.tag.get(RESOLUTION_UNIT, 1)
if resunit == 2: # dots per inch
self.info["dpi"] = xres, yres
elif resunit == 3: # dots per centimeter. convert to dpi
self.info["dpi"] = xres * 2.54, yres * 2.54
else: # No absolute unit of measurement
self.info["resolution"] = xres, yres
# build tile descriptors
x = y = l = 0
self.tile = []
if STRIPOFFSETS in self.tag:
# striped image
offsets = self.tag[STRIPOFFSETS]
h = self.tag.get(ROWSPERSTRIP, ysize)
w = self.size[0]
if READ_LIBTIFF or self._compression in ["tiff_ccitt", "group3",
"group4", "tiff_jpeg",
"tiff_adobe_deflate",
"tiff_thunderscan",
"tiff_deflate",
"tiff_sgilog",
"tiff_sgilog24",
"tiff_raw_16"]:
# if DEBUG:
# print "Activating g4 compression for whole file"
# Decoder expects entire file as one tile.
# There's a buffer size limit in load (64k)
# so large g4 images will fail if we use that
# function.
#
# Setup the one tile for the whole image, then
# replace the existing load function with our
# _load_libtiff function.
self.load = self._load_libtiff
# To be nice on memory footprint, if there's a
# file descriptor, use that instead of reading
# into a string in python.
# libtiff closes the file descriptor, so pass in a dup.
try:
fp = hasattr(self.fp, "fileno") and \
os.dup(self.fp.fileno())
# flush the file descriptor, prevents error on pypy 2.4+
# should also eliminate the need for fp.tell for py3
# in _seek
self.fp.flush()
except IOError:
# io.BytesIO have a fileno, but returns an IOError if
# it doesn't use a file descriptor.
fp = False
# libtiff handles the fillmode for us, so 1;IR should
# actually be 1;I. Including the R double reverses the
# bits, so stripes of the image are reversed. See
# https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/279
if fillorder == 2:
key = (
self.tag.prefix, photo, format, 1,
self.tag.get(BITSPERSAMPLE, (1,)),
self.tag.get(EXTRASAMPLES, ())
)
if DEBUG:
print("format key:", key)
# this should always work, since all the
# fillorder==2 modes have a corresponding
# fillorder=1 mode
self.mode, rawmode = OPEN_INFO[key]
# libtiff always returns the bytes in native order.
# we're expecting image byte order. So, if the rawmode
# contains I;16, we need to convert from native to image
# byte order.
if self.mode in ('I;16B', 'I;16') and 'I;16' in rawmode:
rawmode = 'I;16N'
# Offset in the tile tuple is 0, we go from 0,0 to
# w,h, and we only do this once -- eds
a = (rawmode, self._compression, fp)
self.tile.append(
(self._compression,
(0, 0, w, ysize),
0, a))
a = None
else:
for i in range(len(offsets)):
a = self._decoder(rawmode, l, i)
self.tile.append(
(self._compression,
(0, min(y, ysize), w, min(y+h, ysize)),
offsets[i], a))
if DEBUG:
print("tiles: ", self.tile)
y = y + h
if y >= self.size[1]:
x = y = 0
l += 1
a = None
elif TILEOFFSETS in self.tag:
# tiled image
w = self.tag.get(322)
h = self.tag.get(323)
a = None
for o in self.tag[TILEOFFSETS]:
if not a:
a = self._decoder(rawmode, l)
# FIXME: this doesn't work if the image size
# is not a multiple of the tile size...
self.tile.append(
(self._compression,
(x, y, x+w, y+h),
o, a))
x = x + w
if x >= self.size[0]:
x, y = 0, y + h
if y >= self.size[1]:
x = y = 0
l += 1
a = None
else:
if DEBUG:
print("- unsupported data organization")
raise SyntaxError("unknown data organization")
# fixup palette descriptor
if self.mode == "P":
palette = [o8(b // 256) for b in self.tag[COLORMAP]]
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB;L", b"".join(palette))
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Write TIFF files
# little endian is default except for image modes with
# explicit big endian byte-order
SAVE_INFO = {
# mode => rawmode, byteorder, photometrics,
# sampleformat, bitspersample, extra
"1": ("1", II, 1, 1, (1,), None),
"L": ("L", II, 1, 1, (8,), None),
"LA": ("LA", II, 1, 1, (8, 8), 2),
"P": ("P", II, 3, 1, (8,), None),
"PA": ("PA", II, 3, 1, (8, 8), 2),
"I": ("I;32S", II, 1, 2, (32,), None),
"I;16": ("I;16", II, 1, 1, (16,), None),
"I;16S": ("I;16S", II, 1, 2, (16,), None),
"F": ("F;32F", II, 1, 3, (32,), None),
"RGB": ("RGB", II, 2, 1, (8, 8, 8), None),
"RGBX": ("RGBX", II, 2, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), 0),
"RGBA": ("RGBA", II, 2, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), 2),
"CMYK": ("CMYK", II, 5, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), None),
"YCbCr": ("YCbCr", II, 6, 1, (8, 8, 8), None),
"LAB": ("LAB", II, 8, 1, (8, 8, 8), None),
"I;32BS": ("I;32BS", MM, 1, 2, (32,), None),
"I;16B": ("I;16B", MM, 1, 1, (16,), None),
"I;16BS": ("I;16BS", MM, 1, 2, (16,), None),
"F;32BF": ("F;32BF", MM, 1, 3, (32,), None),
}
def _save(im, fp, filename):
try:
rawmode, prefix, photo, format, bits, extra = SAVE_INFO[im.mode]
except KeyError:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as TIFF" % im.mode)
ifd = ImageFileDirectory(prefix=prefix)
compression = im.encoderinfo.get('compression', im.info.get('compression',
'raw'))
libtiff = WRITE_LIBTIFF or compression != 'raw'
# required for color libtiff images
ifd[PLANAR_CONFIGURATION] = getattr(im, '_planar_configuration', 1)
ifd[IMAGEWIDTH] = im.size[0]
ifd[IMAGELENGTH] = im.size[1]
# write any arbitrary tags passed in as an ImageFileDirectory
info = im.encoderinfo.get("tiffinfo", {})
if DEBUG:
print("Tiffinfo Keys: %s" % list(info))
for key in info:
ifd[key] = info.get(key)
try:
ifd.tagtype[key] = info.tagtype[key]
except:
pass # might not be an IFD, Might not have populated type
# additions written by Greg Couch, gregc@cgl.ucsf.edu
# inspired by image-sig posting from Kevin Cazabon, kcazabon@home.com
if hasattr(im, 'tag'):
# preserve tags from original TIFF image file
for key in (RESOLUTION_UNIT, X_RESOLUTION, Y_RESOLUTION,
IPTC_NAA_CHUNK, PHOTOSHOP_CHUNK, XMP):
if key in im.tag:
ifd[key] = im.tag[key]
ifd.tagtype[key] = im.tag.tagtype.get(key, None)
# preserve ICC profile (should also work when saving other formats
# which support profiles as TIFF) -- 2008-06-06 Florian Hoech
if "icc_profile" in im.info:
ifd[ICCPROFILE] = im.info["icc_profile"]
for key, name in [(IMAGEDESCRIPTION, "description"),
(X_RESOLUTION, "resolution"),
(Y_RESOLUTION, "resolution"),
(X_RESOLUTION, "x_resolution"),
(Y_RESOLUTION, "y_resolution"),
(RESOLUTION_UNIT, "resolution_unit"),
(SOFTWARE, "software"),
(DATE_TIME, "date_time"),
(ARTIST, "artist"),
(COPYRIGHT, "copyright")]:
name_with_spaces = name.replace("_", " ")
if "_" in name and name_with_spaces in im.encoderinfo:
warnings.warn("%r is deprecated; use %r instead" %
(name_with_spaces, name), DeprecationWarning)
ifd[key] = im.encoderinfo[name.replace("_", " ")]
if name in im.encoderinfo:
ifd[key] = im.encoderinfo[name]
dpi = im.encoderinfo.get("dpi")
if dpi:
ifd[RESOLUTION_UNIT] = 2
ifd[X_RESOLUTION] = dpi[0]
ifd[Y_RESOLUTION] = dpi[1]
if bits != (1,):
ifd[BITSPERSAMPLE] = bits
if len(bits) != 1:
ifd[SAMPLESPERPIXEL] = len(bits)
if extra is not None:
ifd[EXTRASAMPLES] = extra
if format != 1:
ifd[SAMPLEFORMAT] = format
ifd[PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION] = photo
if im.mode == "P":
lut = im.im.getpalette("RGB", "RGB;L")
ifd[COLORMAP] = tuple(i8(v) * 256 for v in lut)
# data orientation
stride = len(bits) * ((im.size[0]*bits[0]+7)//8)
ifd[ROWSPERSTRIP] = im.size[1]
ifd[STRIPBYTECOUNTS] = stride * im.size[1]
ifd[STRIPOFFSETS] = 0 # this is adjusted by IFD writer
# no compression by default:
ifd[COMPRESSION] = COMPRESSION_INFO_REV.get(compression, 1)
if libtiff:
if DEBUG:
print("Saving using libtiff encoder")
print("Items: %s" % sorted(ifd.items()))
_fp = 0
if hasattr(fp, "fileno"):
try:
fp.seek(0)
_fp = os.dup(fp.fileno())
except io.UnsupportedOperation:
pass
# ICC Profile crashes.
blocklist = [STRIPOFFSETS, STRIPBYTECOUNTS, ROWSPERSTRIP, ICCPROFILE]
atts = {}
# bits per sample is a single short in the tiff directory, not a list.
atts[BITSPERSAMPLE] = bits[0]
# Merge the ones that we have with (optional) more bits from
# the original file, e.g x,y resolution so that we can
# save(load('')) == original file.
for k, v in itertools.chain(ifd.items(),
getattr(im, 'ifd', {}).items()):
if k not in atts and k not in blocklist:
if isinstance(v, unicode if bytes is str else str):
atts[k] = v.encode('ascii', 'replace') + b"\0"
else:
atts[k] = v
if DEBUG:
print("Converted items: %s" % sorted(atts.items()))
# libtiff always expects the bytes in native order.
# we're storing image byte order. So, if the rawmode
# contains I;16, we need to convert from native to image
# byte order.
if im.mode in ('I;16B', 'I;16'):
rawmode = 'I;16N'
a = (rawmode, compression, _fp, filename, atts)
# print(im.mode, compression, a, im.encoderconfig)
e = Image._getencoder(im.mode, 'libtiff', a, im.encoderconfig)
e.setimage(im.im, (0, 0)+im.size)
while True:
# undone, change to self.decodermaxblock:
l, s, d = e.encode(16*1024)
if not _fp:
fp.write(d)
if s:
break
if s < 0:
raise IOError("encoder error %d when writing image file" % s)
else:
offset = ifd.save(fp)
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [
("raw", (0, 0)+im.size, offset, (rawmode, stride, 1))
])
# -- helper for multi-page save --
if "_debug_multipage" in im.encoderinfo:
# just to access o32 and o16 (using correct byte order)
im._debug_multipage = ifd
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Register
Image.register_open(TiffImageFile.format, TiffImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(TiffImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(TiffImageFile.format, ".tif")
Image.register_extension(TiffImageFile.format, ".tiff")
Image.register_mime(TiffImageFile.format, "image/tiff")
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