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Pillow/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# TIFF file handling
#
# TIFF is a flexible, if somewhat aged, image file format originally
# defined by Aldus. Although TIFF supports a wide variety of pixel
# layouts and compression methods, the name doesn't really stand for
# "thousands of incompatible file formats," it just feels that way.
#
# To read TIFF data from a stream, the stream must be seekable. For
# progressive decoding, make sure to use TIFF files where the tag
# directory is placed first in the file.
#
# History:
# 1995-09-01 fl Created
# 1996-05-04 fl Handle JPEGTABLES tag
# 1996-05-18 fl Fixed COLORMAP support
# 1997-01-05 fl Fixed PREDICTOR support
# 1997-08-27 fl Added support for rational tags (from Perry Stoll)
# 1998-01-10 fl Fixed seek/tell (from Jan Blom)
# 1998-07-15 fl Use private names for internal variables
# 1999-06-13 fl Rewritten for PIL 1.0 (1.0)
# 2000-10-11 fl Additional fixes for Python 2.0 (1.1)
# 2001-04-17 fl Fixed rewind support (seek to frame 0) (1.2)
# 2001-05-12 fl Added write support for more tags (from Greg Couch) (1.3)
# 2001-12-18 fl Added workaround for broken Matrox library
# 2002-01-18 fl Don't mess up if photometric tag is missing (D. Alan Stewart)
# 2003-05-19 fl Check FILLORDER tag
# 2003-09-26 fl Added RGBa support
# 2004-02-24 fl Added DPI support; fixed rational write support
# 2005-02-07 fl Added workaround for broken Corel Draw 10 files
# 2006-01-09 fl Added support for float/double tags (from Russell Nelson)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2006 by Secret Labs AB. All rights reserved.
# Copyright (c) 1995-1997 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import print_function
__version__ = "1.3.5"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
from PIL import ImagePalette
from PIL import _binary
from PIL._util import isStringType
import warnings
import array
import sys
import collections
import itertools
import os
# Set these to true to force use of libtiff for reading or writing.
READ_LIBTIFF = False
WRITE_LIBTIFF = False
II = b"II" # little-endian (Intel style)
MM = b"MM" # big-endian (Motorola style)
i8 = _binary.i8
o8 = _binary.o8
if sys.byteorder == "little":
native_prefix = II
else:
native_prefix = MM
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Read TIFF files
il16 = _binary.i16le
il32 = _binary.i32le
ol16 = _binary.o16le
ol32 = _binary.o32le
ib16 = _binary.i16be
ib32 = _binary.i32be
ob16 = _binary.o16be
ob32 = _binary.o32be
# a few tag names, just to make the code below a bit more readable
IMAGEWIDTH = 256
IMAGELENGTH = 257
BITSPERSAMPLE = 258
COMPRESSION = 259
PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION = 262
FILLORDER = 266
IMAGEDESCRIPTION = 270
STRIPOFFSETS = 273
SAMPLESPERPIXEL = 277
ROWSPERSTRIP = 278
STRIPBYTECOUNTS = 279
X_RESOLUTION = 282
Y_RESOLUTION = 283
PLANAR_CONFIGURATION = 284
RESOLUTION_UNIT = 296
SOFTWARE = 305
DATE_TIME = 306
ARTIST = 315
PREDICTOR = 317
COLORMAP = 320
TILEOFFSETS = 324
EXTRASAMPLES = 338
SAMPLEFORMAT = 339
JPEGTABLES = 347
COPYRIGHT = 33432
IPTC_NAA_CHUNK = 33723 # newsphoto properties
PHOTOSHOP_CHUNK = 34377 # photoshop properties
ICCPROFILE = 34675
EXIFIFD = 34665
XMP = 700
# https://github.com/fiji/ImageJA/blob/master/src/main/java/ij/io/TiffDecoder.java
IMAGEJ_META_DATA_BYTE_COUNTS = 50838
IMAGEJ_META_DATA = 50839
COMPRESSION_INFO = {
# Compression => pil compression name
1: "raw",
2: "tiff_ccitt",
3: "group3",
4: "group4",
5: "tiff_lzw",
6: "tiff_jpeg", # obsolete
7: "jpeg",
8: "tiff_adobe_deflate",
32771: "tiff_raw_16", # 16-bit padding
32773: "packbits",
32809: "tiff_thunderscan",
32946: "tiff_deflate",
34676: "tiff_sgilog",
34677: "tiff_sgilog24",
}
COMPRESSION_INFO_REV = dict([(v, k) for (k, v) in COMPRESSION_INFO.items()])
OPEN_INFO = {
# (ByteOrder, PhotoInterpretation, SampleFormat, FillOrder, BitsPerSample,
# ExtraSamples) => mode, rawmode
(II, 0, 1, 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;I"),
(II, 0, 1, 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;IR"),
(II, 0, 1, 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;I"),
(II, 0, 1, 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;IR"),
(II, 0, 3, 1, (32,), ()): ("F", "F;32F"),
(II, 1, 1, 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1"),
(II, 1, 1, 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;R"),
(II, 1, 1, 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L"),
(II, 1, 1, 1, (8, 8), (2,)): ("LA", "LA"),
(II, 1, 1, 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;R"),
(II, 1, 1, 1, (12,), ()): ("I;16", "I;12"),
(II, 1, 1, 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16", "I;16"),
(II, 1, 2, 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16S", "I;16S"),
(II, 1, 1, 1, (32,), ()): ("I", "I;32N"),
(II, 1, 2, 1, (32,), ()): ("I", "I;32S"),
(II, 1, 3, 1, (32,), ()): ("F", "F;32F"),
(II, 2, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB"),
(II, 2, 1, 2, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB;R"),
(II, 2, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # missing ExtraSamples
(II, 2, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (0,)): ("RGBX", "RGBX"),
(II, 2, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (1,)): ("RGBA", "RGBa"),
(II, 2, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (2,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"),
(II, 2, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (999,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # Corel Draw 10
(II, 3, 1, 1, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1"),
(II, 3, 1, 2, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1R"),
(II, 3, 1, 1, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2"),
(II, 3, 1, 2, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2R"),
(II, 3, 1, 1, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4"),
(II, 3, 1, 2, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4R"),
(II, 3, 1, 1, (8,), ()): ("P", "P"),
(II, 3, 1, 1, (8, 8), (2,)): ("PA", "PA"),
(II, 3, 1, 2, (8,), ()): ("P", "P;R"),
(II, 5, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), ()): ("CMYK", "CMYK"),
(II, 6, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("YCbCr", "YCbCr"),
(II, 8, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("LAB", "LAB"),
(MM, 0, 1, 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;I"),
(MM, 0, 1, 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;IR"),
(MM, 0, 1, 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;I"),
(MM, 0, 1, 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;IR"),
(MM, 1, 1, 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1"),
(MM, 1, 1, 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;R"),
(MM, 1, 1, 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L"),
(MM, 1, 1, 1, (8, 8), (2,)): ("LA", "LA"),
(MM, 1, 1, 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;R"),
(MM, 1, 1, 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16B", "I;16B"),
(MM, 1, 2, 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16BS", "I;16BS"),
(MM, 1, 2, 1, (32,), ()): ("I;32BS", "I;32BS"),
(MM, 1, 3, 1, (32,), ()): ("F", "F;32BF"),
(MM, 2, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB"),
(MM, 2, 1, 2, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB;R"),
(MM, 2, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (0,)): ("RGBX", "RGBX"),
(MM, 2, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (1,)): ("RGBA", "RGBa"),
(MM, 2, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (2,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"),
(MM, 2, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), (999,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # Corel Draw 10
(MM, 3, 1, 1, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1"),
(MM, 3, 1, 2, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1R"),
(MM, 3, 1, 1, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2"),
(MM, 3, 1, 2, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2R"),
(MM, 3, 1, 1, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4"),
(MM, 3, 1, 2, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4R"),
(MM, 3, 1, 1, (8,), ()): ("P", "P"),
(MM, 3, 1, 1, (8, 8), (2,)): ("PA", "PA"),
(MM, 3, 1, 2, (8,), ()): ("P", "P;R"),
(MM, 5, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), ()): ("CMYK", "CMYK"),
(MM, 6, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("YCbCr", "YCbCr"),
(MM, 8, 1, 1, (8, 8, 8), ()): ("LAB", "LAB"),
}
PREFIXES = [b"MM\000\052", b"II\052\000", b"II\xBC\000"]
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:4] in PREFIXES
##
# Wrapper for TIFF IFDs.
class ImageFileDirectory(collections.MutableMapping):
""" This class represents a TIFF tag directory. To speed things
up, we don't decode tags unless they're asked for.
Exposes a dictionary interface of the tags in the directory
ImageFileDirectory[key] = value
value = ImageFileDirectory[key]
Also contains a dictionary of tag types as read from the tiff
image file, 'ImageFileDirectory.tagtype'
Data Structures:
'public'
* self.tagtype = {} Key: numerical tiff tag number
Value: integer corresponding to the data type from
`TiffTags.TYPES`
'internal'
* self.tags = {} Key: numerical tiff tag number
Value: Decoded data, Generally a tuple.
* If set from __setval__ -- always a tuple
* Numeric types -- always a tuple
* String type -- not a tuple, returned as string
* Undefined data -- not a tuple, returned as bytes
* Byte -- not a tuple, returned as byte.
* self.tagdata = {} Key: numerical tiff tag number
Value: undecoded byte string from file
Tags will be found in either self.tags or self.tagdata, but
not both. The union of the two should contain all the tags
from the Tiff image file. External classes shouldn't
reference these unless they're really sure what they're doing.
"""
def __init__(self, prefix=II):
"""
:prefix: 'II'|'MM' tiff endianness
"""
self.prefix = prefix[:2]
if self.prefix == MM:
self.i16, self.i32 = ib16, ib32
self.o16, self.o32 = ob16, ob32
elif self.prefix == II:
self.i16, self.i32 = il16, il32
self.o16, self.o32 = ol16, ol32
else:
raise SyntaxError("not a TIFF IFD")
self.reset()
def reset(self):
#: Tags is an incomplete dictionary of the tags of the image.
#: For a complete dictionary, use the as_dict method.
self.tags = {}
self.tagdata = {}
self.tagtype = {} # added 2008-06-05 by Florian Hoech
self.next = None
self.offset = None
def __str__(self):
return str(self.as_dict())
def as_dict(self):
"""Return a dictionary of the image's tags."""
return dict(self.items())
def named(self):
"""
Returns the complete tag dictionary, with named tags where posible.
"""
from PIL import TiffTags
result = {}
for tag_code, value in self.items():
tag_name = TiffTags.TAGS.get(tag_code, tag_code)
result[tag_name] = value
return result
# dictionary API
def __len__(self):
return len(self.tagdata) + len(self.tags)
def __getitem__(self, tag):
try:
return self.tags[tag]
except KeyError:
data = self.tagdata[tag] # unpack on the fly
type = self.tagtype[tag]
size, handler = self.load_dispatch[type]
self.tags[tag] = data = handler(self, data)
del self.tagdata[tag]
return data
def getscalar(self, tag, default=None):
try:
value = self[tag]
if len(value) != 1:
if tag == SAMPLEFORMAT:
# work around broken (?) matrox library
# (from Ted Wright, via Bob Klimek)
raise KeyError # use default
raise ValueError("not a scalar")
return value[0]
except KeyError:
if default is None:
raise
return default
def __contains__(self, tag):
return tag in self.tags or tag in self.tagdata
if bytes is str:
def has_key(self, tag):
return tag in self
def __setitem__(self, tag, value):
# tags are tuples for integers
# tags are not tuples for byte, string, and undefined data.
# see load_*
if not isinstance(value, tuple):
value = (value,)
self.tags[tag] = value
def __delitem__(self, tag):
self.tags.pop(tag, self.tagdata.pop(tag, None))
def __iter__(self):
return itertools.chain(self.tags.__iter__(), self.tagdata.__iter__())
def items(self):
keys = list(self.__iter__())
values = [self[key] for key in keys]
return zip(keys, values)
# load primitives
load_dispatch = {}
def load_byte(self, data):
return data
load_dispatch[1] = (1, load_byte)
def load_string(self, data):
if data[-1:] == b'\0':
data = data[:-1]
return data.decode('latin-1', 'replace')
load_dispatch[2] = (1, load_string)
def load_short(self, data):
l = []
for i in range(0, len(data), 2):
l.append(self.i16(data, i))
return tuple(l)
load_dispatch[3] = (2, load_short)
def load_long(self, data):
l = []
for i in range(0, len(data), 4):
l.append(self.i32(data, i))
return tuple(l)
load_dispatch[4] = (4, load_long)
def load_rational(self, data):
l = []
for i in range(0, len(data), 8):
l.append((self.i32(data, i), self.i32(data, i+4)))
return tuple(l)
load_dispatch[5] = (8, load_rational)
def load_float(self, data):
a = array.array("f", data)
if self.prefix != native_prefix:
a.byteswap()
return tuple(a)
load_dispatch[11] = (4, load_float)
def load_double(self, data):
a = array.array("d", data)
if self.prefix != native_prefix:
a.byteswap()
return tuple(a)
load_dispatch[12] = (8, load_double)
def load_undefined(self, data):
# Untyped data
return data
load_dispatch[7] = (1, load_undefined)
def load(self, fp):
# load tag dictionary
self.reset()
self.offset = fp.tell()
i16 = self.i16
i32 = self.i32
for i in range(i16(fp.read(2))):
ifd = fp.read(12)
tag, typ = i16(ifd), i16(ifd, 2)
if Image.DEBUG:
from PIL import TiffTags
tagname = TiffTags.TAGS.get(tag, "unknown")
typname = TiffTags.TYPES.get(typ, "unknown")
print("tag: %s (%d)" % (tagname, tag), end=' ')
print("- type: %s (%d)" % (typname, typ), end=' ')
try:
dispatch = self.load_dispatch[typ]
except KeyError:
if Image.DEBUG:
print("- unsupported type", typ)
continue # ignore unsupported type
size, handler = dispatch
size = size * i32(ifd, 4)
# Get and expand tag value
if size > 4:
here = fp.tell()
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("Tag Location: %s" %here)
fp.seek(i32(ifd, 8))
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("Data Location: %s" %fp.tell())
data = ImageFile._safe_read(fp, size)
fp.seek(here)
else:
data = ifd[8:8+size]
if len(data) != size:
warnings.warn("Possibly corrupt EXIF data. "
"Expecting to read %d bytes but only got %d. "
"Skipping tag %s" % (size, len(data), tag))
continue
self.tagdata[tag] = data
self.tagtype[tag] = typ
if Image.DEBUG:
if tag in (COLORMAP, IPTC_NAA_CHUNK, PHOTOSHOP_CHUNK,
ICCPROFILE, XMP):
print("- value: <table: %d bytes>" % size)
else:
print("- value:", self[tag])
self.next = i32(fp.read(4))
# save primitives
def save(self, fp):
o16 = self.o16
o32 = self.o32
fp.write(o16(len(self.tags)))
# always write in ascending tag order
tags = sorted(self.tags.items())
directory = []
append = directory.append
offset = fp.tell() + len(self.tags) * 12 + 4
stripoffsets = None
# pass 1: convert tags to binary format
for tag, value in tags:
typ = None
if tag in self.tagtype:
typ = self.tagtype[tag]
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("Tag %s, Type: %s, Value: %s" % (tag, typ, value))
if typ == 1:
# byte data
if isinstance(value, tuple):
data = value = value[-1]
else:
data = value
elif typ == 7:
# untyped data
data = value = b"".join(value)
elif isStringType(value[0]):
# string data
if isinstance(value, tuple):
value = value[-1]
typ = 2
# was b'\0'.join(str), which led to \x00a\x00b sorts
# of strings which I don't see in in the wild tiffs
# and doesn't match the tiff spec: 8-bit byte that
# contains a 7-bit ASCII code; the last byte must be
# NUL (binary zero). Also, I don't think this was well
# excersized before.
data = value = b"" + value.encode('ascii', 'replace') + b"\0"
else:
# integer data
if tag == STRIPOFFSETS:
stripoffsets = len(directory)
typ = 4 # to avoid catch-22
elif tag in (X_RESOLUTION, Y_RESOLUTION) or typ == 5:
# identify rational data fields
typ = 5
if isinstance(value[0], tuple):
# long name for flatten
value = tuple(itertools.chain.from_iterable(value))
elif not typ:
typ = 3
for v in value:
if v >= 65536:
typ = 4
if typ == 3:
data = b"".join(map(o16, value))
else:
data = b"".join(map(o32, value))
if Image.DEBUG:
from PIL import TiffTags
tagname = TiffTags.TAGS.get(tag, "unknown")
typname = TiffTags.TYPES.get(typ, "unknown")
print("save: %s (%d)" % (tagname, tag), end=' ')
print("- type: %s (%d)" % (typname, typ), end=' ')
if tag in (COLORMAP, IPTC_NAA_CHUNK, PHOTOSHOP_CHUNK,
ICCPROFILE, XMP):
size = len(data)
print("- value: <table: %d bytes>" % size)
else:
print("- value:", value)
# figure out if data fits into the directory
if len(data) == 4:
append((tag, typ, len(value), data, b""))
elif len(data) < 4:
append((tag, typ, len(value), data + (4-len(data))*b"\0", b""))
else:
count = len(value)
if typ == 5:
count = count // 2 # adjust for rational data field
append((tag, typ, count, o32(offset), data))
offset += len(data)
if offset & 1:
offset += 1 # word padding
# update strip offset data to point beyond auxiliary data
if stripoffsets is not None:
tag, typ, count, value, data = directory[stripoffsets]
assert not data, "multistrip support not yet implemented"
value = o32(self.i32(value) + offset)
directory[stripoffsets] = tag, typ, count, value, data
# pass 2: write directory to file
for tag, typ, count, value, data in directory:
if Image.DEBUG > 1:
print(tag, typ, count, repr(value), repr(data))
fp.write(o16(tag) + o16(typ) + o32(count) + value)
# -- overwrite here for multi-page --
fp.write(b"\0\0\0\0") # end of directory
# pass 3: write auxiliary data to file
for tag, typ, count, value, data in directory:
fp.write(data)
if len(data) & 1:
fp.write(b"\0")
return offset
##
# Image plugin for TIFF files.
class TiffImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "TIFF"
format_description = "Adobe TIFF"
def _open(self):
"Open the first image in a TIFF file"
# Header
ifh = self.fp.read(8)
if ifh[:4] not in PREFIXES:
raise SyntaxError("not a TIFF file")
# image file directory (tag dictionary)
self.tag = self.ifd = ImageFileDirectory(ifh[:2])
# setup frame pointers
self.__first = self.__next = self.ifd.i32(ifh, 4)
self.__frame = -1
self.__fp = self.fp
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("*** TiffImageFile._open ***")
print ("- __first:", self.__first)
print ("- ifh: ", ifh)
# and load the first frame
self._seek(0)
def seek(self, frame):
"Select a given frame as current image"
if frame < 0:
frame = 0
self._seek(frame)
# Create a new core image object on second and
# subsequent frames in the image. Image may be
# different size/mode.
Image._decompression_bomb_check(self.size)
self.im = Image.core.new(self.mode, self.size)
def tell(self):
"Return the current frame number"
return self._tell()
def _seek(self, frame):
self.fp = self.__fp
if frame < self.__frame:
# rewind file
self.__frame = -1
self.__next = self.__first
while self.__frame < frame:
if not self.__next:
raise EOFError("no more images in TIFF file")
if Image.DEBUG:
print("Seeking to frame %s, on frame %s, __next %s, location: %s"%
(frame, self.__frame, self.__next, self.fp.tell()))
# reset python3 buffered io handle in case fp
# was passed to libtiff, invalidating the buffer
self.fp.tell()
self.fp.seek(self.__next)
if Image.DEBUG:
print("Loading tags, location: %s"%self.fp.tell())
self.tag.load(self.fp)
self.__next = self.tag.next
self.__frame += 1
self._setup()
def _tell(self):
return self.__frame
def _decoder(self, rawmode, layer, tile=None):
"Setup decoder contexts"
args = None
if rawmode == "RGB" and self._planar_configuration == 2:
rawmode = rawmode[layer]
compression = self._compression
if compression == "raw":
args = (rawmode, 0, 1)
elif compression == "jpeg":
args = rawmode, ""
if JPEGTABLES in self.tag:
# Hack to handle abbreviated JPEG headers
self.tile_prefix = self.tag[JPEGTABLES]
elif compression == "packbits":
args = rawmode
elif compression == "tiff_lzw":
args = rawmode
if 317 in self.tag:
# Section 14: Differencing Predictor
self.decoderconfig = (self.tag[PREDICTOR][0],)
if ICCPROFILE in self.tag:
self.info['icc_profile'] = self.tag[ICCPROFILE]
return args
def _load_libtiff(self):
""" Overload method triggered when we detect a compressed tiff
Calls out to libtiff """
pixel = Image.Image.load(self)
if self.tile is None:
raise IOError("cannot load this image")
if not self.tile:
return pixel
self.load_prepare()
if not len(self.tile) == 1:
raise IOError("Not exactly one tile")
# (self._compression, (extents tuple),
# 0, (rawmode, self._compression, fp))
ignored, extents, ignored_2, args = self.tile[0]
args = args + (self.ifd.offset,)
decoder = Image._getdecoder(self.mode, 'libtiff', args,
self.decoderconfig)
try:
decoder.setimage(self.im, extents)
except ValueError:
raise IOError("Couldn't set the image")
if hasattr(self.fp, "getvalue"):
# We've got a stringio like thing passed in. Yay for all in memory.
# The decoder needs the entire file in one shot, so there's not
# a lot we can do here other than give it the entire file.
# unless we could do something like get the address of the
# underlying string for stringio.
#
# Rearranging for supporting byteio items, since they have a fileno
# that returns an IOError if there's no underlying fp. Easier to
# dea. with here by reordering.
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("have getvalue. just sending in a string from getvalue")
n, err = decoder.decode(self.fp.getvalue())
elif hasattr(self.fp, "fileno"):
# we've got a actual file on disk, pass in the fp.
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("have fileno, calling fileno version of the decoder.")
self.fp.seek(0)
# 4 bytes, otherwise the trace might error out
n, err = decoder.decode(b"fpfp")
else:
# we have something else.
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("don't have fileno or getvalue. just reading")
# UNDONE -- so much for that buffer size thing.
n, err = decoder.decode(self.fp.read())
self.tile = []
self.readonly = 0
# libtiff closed the fp in a, we need to close self.fp, if possible
if hasattr(self.fp, 'close'):
if not self.__next:
self.fp.close()
self.fp = None # might be shared
if err < 0:
raise IOError(err)
self.load_end()
return Image.Image.load(self)
def _setup(self):
"Setup this image object based on current tags"
if 0xBC01 in self.tag:
raise IOError("Windows Media Photo files not yet supported")
getscalar = self.tag.getscalar
# extract relevant tags
self._compression = COMPRESSION_INFO[getscalar(COMPRESSION, 1)]
self._planar_configuration = getscalar(PLANAR_CONFIGURATION, 1)
# photometric is a required tag, but not everyone is reading
# the specification
photo = getscalar(PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION, 0)
fillorder = getscalar(FILLORDER, 1)
if Image.DEBUG:
print("*** Summary ***")
print("- compression:", self._compression)
print("- photometric_interpretation:", photo)
print("- planar_configuration:", self._planar_configuration)
print("- fill_order:", fillorder)
# size
xsize = getscalar(IMAGEWIDTH)
ysize = getscalar(IMAGELENGTH)
self.size = xsize, ysize
if Image.DEBUG:
print("- size:", self.size)
format = getscalar(SAMPLEFORMAT, 1)
# mode: check photometric interpretation and bits per pixel
key = (
self.tag.prefix, photo, format, fillorder,
self.tag.get(BITSPERSAMPLE, (1,)),
self.tag.get(EXTRASAMPLES, ())
)
if Image.DEBUG:
print("format key:", key)
try:
self.mode, rawmode = OPEN_INFO[key]
except KeyError:
if Image.DEBUG:
print("- unsupported format")
raise SyntaxError("unknown pixel mode")
if Image.DEBUG:
print("- raw mode:", rawmode)
print("- pil mode:", self.mode)
self.info["compression"] = self._compression
xres = getscalar(X_RESOLUTION, (1, 1))
yres = getscalar(Y_RESOLUTION, (1, 1))
if xres and not isinstance(xres, tuple):
xres = (xres, 1.)
if yres and not isinstance(yres, tuple):
yres = (yres, 1.)
if xres and yres:
xres = xres[0] / (xres[1] or 1)
yres = yres[0] / (yres[1] or 1)
resunit = getscalar(RESOLUTION_UNIT, 1)
if resunit == 2: # dots per inch
self.info["dpi"] = xres, yres
elif resunit == 3: # dots per centimeter. convert to dpi
self.info["dpi"] = xres * 2.54, yres * 2.54
else: # No absolute unit of measurement
self.info["resolution"] = xres, yres
# build tile descriptors
x = y = l = 0
self.tile = []
if STRIPOFFSETS in self.tag:
# striped image
offsets = self.tag[STRIPOFFSETS]
h = getscalar(ROWSPERSTRIP, ysize)
w = self.size[0]
if READ_LIBTIFF or self._compression in ["tiff_ccitt", "group3",
"group4", "tiff_jpeg",
"tiff_adobe_deflate",
"tiff_thunderscan",
"tiff_deflate",
"tiff_sgilog",
"tiff_sgilog24",
"tiff_raw_16"]:
# if Image.DEBUG:
# print "Activating g4 compression for whole file"
# Decoder expects entire file as one tile.
# There's a buffer size limit in load (64k)
# so large g4 images will fail if we use that
# function.
#
# Setup the one tile for the whole image, then
# replace the existing load function with our
# _load_libtiff function.
self.load = self._load_libtiff
# To be nice on memory footprint, if there's a
# file descriptor, use that instead of reading
# into a string in python.
# libtiff closes the file descriptor, so pass in a dup.
try:
fp = hasattr(self.fp, "fileno") and \
os.dup(self.fp.fileno())
except IOError:
# io.BytesIO have a fileno, but returns an IOError if
# it doesn't use a file descriptor.
fp = False
# libtiff handles the fillmode for us, so 1;IR should
# actually be 1;I. Including the R double reverses the
# bits, so stripes of the image are reversed. See
# https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/279
if fillorder == 2:
key = (
self.tag.prefix, photo, format, 1,
self.tag.get(BITSPERSAMPLE, (1,)),
self.tag.get(EXTRASAMPLES, ())
)
if Image.DEBUG:
print("format key:", key)
# this should always work, since all the
# fillorder==2 modes have a corresponding
# fillorder=1 mode
self.mode, rawmode = OPEN_INFO[key]
# libtiff always returns the bytes in native order.
# we're expecting image byte order. So, if the rawmode
# contains I;16, we need to convert from native to image
# byte order.
if self.mode in ('I;16B', 'I;16') and 'I;16' in rawmode:
rawmode = 'I;16N'
# Offset in the tile tuple is 0, we go from 0,0 to
# w,h, and we only do this once -- eds
a = (rawmode, self._compression, fp)
self.tile.append(
(self._compression,
(0, 0, w, ysize),
0, a))
a = None
else:
for i in range(len(offsets)):
a = self._decoder(rawmode, l, i)
self.tile.append(
(self._compression,
(0, min(y, ysize), w, min(y+h, ysize)),
offsets[i], a))
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("tiles: ", self.tile)
y = y + h
if y >= self.size[1]:
x = y = 0
l += 1
a = None
elif TILEOFFSETS in self.tag:
# tiled image
w = getscalar(322)
h = getscalar(323)
a = None
for o in self.tag[TILEOFFSETS]:
if not a:
a = self._decoder(rawmode, l)
# FIXME: this doesn't work if the image size
# is not a multiple of the tile size...
self.tile.append(
(self._compression,
(x, y, x+w, y+h),
o, a))
x = x + w
if x >= self.size[0]:
x, y = 0, y + h
if y >= self.size[1]:
x = y = 0
l += 1
a = None
else:
if Image.DEBUG:
print("- unsupported data organization")
raise SyntaxError("unknown data organization")
# fixup palette descriptor
if self.mode == "P":
palette = [o8(a // 256) for a in self.tag[COLORMAP]]
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB;L", b"".join(palette))
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Write TIFF files
# little endian is default except for image modes with
# explict big endian byte-order
SAVE_INFO = {
# mode => rawmode, byteorder, photometrics,
# sampleformat, bitspersample, extra
"1": ("1", II, 1, 1, (1,), None),
"L": ("L", II, 1, 1, (8,), None),
"LA": ("LA", II, 1, 1, (8, 8), 2),
"P": ("P", II, 3, 1, (8,), None),
"PA": ("PA", II, 3, 1, (8, 8), 2),
"I": ("I;32S", II, 1, 2, (32,), None),
"I;16": ("I;16", II, 1, 1, (16,), None),
"I;16S": ("I;16S", II, 1, 2, (16,), None),
"F": ("F;32F", II, 1, 3, (32,), None),
"RGB": ("RGB", II, 2, 1, (8, 8, 8), None),
"RGBX": ("RGBX", II, 2, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), 0),
"RGBA": ("RGBA", II, 2, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), 2),
"CMYK": ("CMYK", II, 5, 1, (8, 8, 8, 8), None),
"YCbCr": ("YCbCr", II, 6, 1, (8, 8, 8), None),
"LAB": ("LAB", II, 8, 1, (8, 8, 8), None),
"I;32BS": ("I;32BS", MM, 1, 2, (32,), None),
"I;16B": ("I;16B", MM, 1, 1, (16,), None),
"I;16BS": ("I;16BS", MM, 1, 2, (16,), None),
"F;32BF": ("F;32BF", MM, 1, 3, (32,), None),
}
def _cvt_res(value):
# convert value to TIFF rational number -- (numerator, denominator)
if isinstance(value, collections.Sequence):
assert(len(value) % 2 == 0)
return value
if isinstance(value, int):
return (value, 1)
value = float(value)
return (int(value * 65536), 65536)
def _save(im, fp, filename):
try:
rawmode, prefix, photo, format, bits, extra = SAVE_INFO[im.mode]
except KeyError:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as TIFF" % im.mode)
ifd = ImageFileDirectory(prefix)
compression = im.encoderinfo.get('compression', im.info.get('compression',
'raw'))
libtiff = WRITE_LIBTIFF or compression != 'raw'
# required for color libtiff images
ifd[PLANAR_CONFIGURATION] = getattr(im, '_planar_configuration', 1)
# -- multi-page -- skip TIFF header on subsequent pages
if not libtiff and fp.tell() == 0:
# tiff header (write via IFD to get everything right)
# PIL always starts the first IFD at offset 8
fp.write(ifd.prefix + ifd.o16(42) + ifd.o32(8))
ifd[IMAGEWIDTH] = im.size[0]
ifd[IMAGELENGTH] = im.size[1]
# write any arbitrary tags passed in as an ImageFileDirectory
info = im.encoderinfo.get("tiffinfo", {})
if Image.DEBUG:
print("Tiffinfo Keys: %s" % info.keys)
keys = list(info.keys())
for key in keys:
ifd[key] = info.get(key)
try:
ifd.tagtype[key] = info.tagtype[key]
except:
pass # might not be an IFD, Might not have populated type
# additions written by Greg Couch, gregc@cgl.ucsf.edu
# inspired by image-sig posting from Kevin Cazabon, kcazabon@home.com
if hasattr(im, 'tag'):
# preserve tags from original TIFF image file
for key in (RESOLUTION_UNIT, X_RESOLUTION, Y_RESOLUTION,
IPTC_NAA_CHUNK, PHOTOSHOP_CHUNK, XMP):
if key in im.tag:
ifd[key] = im.tag[key]
ifd.tagtype[key] = im.tag.tagtype.get(key, None)
# preserve ICC profile (should also work when saving other formats
# which support profiles as TIFF) -- 2008-06-06 Florian Hoech
if "icc_profile" in im.info:
ifd[ICCPROFILE] = im.info["icc_profile"]
if "description" in im.encoderinfo:
ifd[IMAGEDESCRIPTION] = im.encoderinfo["description"]
if "resolution" in im.encoderinfo:
ifd[X_RESOLUTION] = ifd[Y_RESOLUTION] \
= _cvt_res(im.encoderinfo["resolution"])
if "x resolution" in im.encoderinfo:
ifd[X_RESOLUTION] = _cvt_res(im.encoderinfo["x resolution"])
if "y resolution" in im.encoderinfo:
ifd[Y_RESOLUTION] = _cvt_res(im.encoderinfo["y resolution"])
if "resolution unit" in im.encoderinfo:
unit = im.encoderinfo["resolution unit"]
if unit == "inch":
ifd[RESOLUTION_UNIT] = 2
elif unit == "cm" or unit == "centimeter":
ifd[RESOLUTION_UNIT] = 3
else:
ifd[RESOLUTION_UNIT] = 1
if "software" in im.encoderinfo:
ifd[SOFTWARE] = im.encoderinfo["software"]
if "date time" in im.encoderinfo:
ifd[DATE_TIME] = im.encoderinfo["date time"]
if "artist" in im.encoderinfo:
ifd[ARTIST] = im.encoderinfo["artist"]
if "copyright" in im.encoderinfo:
ifd[COPYRIGHT] = im.encoderinfo["copyright"]
dpi = im.encoderinfo.get("dpi")
if dpi:
ifd[RESOLUTION_UNIT] = 2
ifd[X_RESOLUTION] = _cvt_res(dpi[0])
ifd[Y_RESOLUTION] = _cvt_res(dpi[1])
if bits != (1,):
ifd[BITSPERSAMPLE] = bits
if len(bits) != 1:
ifd[SAMPLESPERPIXEL] = len(bits)
if extra is not None:
ifd[EXTRASAMPLES] = extra
if format != 1:
ifd[SAMPLEFORMAT] = format
ifd[PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION] = photo
if im.mode == "P":
lut = im.im.getpalette("RGB", "RGB;L")
ifd[COLORMAP] = tuple(i8(v) * 256 for v in lut)
# data orientation
stride = len(bits) * ((im.size[0]*bits[0]+7)//8)
ifd[ROWSPERSTRIP] = im.size[1]
ifd[STRIPBYTECOUNTS] = stride * im.size[1]
ifd[STRIPOFFSETS] = 0 # this is adjusted by IFD writer
# no compression by default:
ifd[COMPRESSION] = COMPRESSION_INFO_REV.get(compression, 1)
if libtiff:
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("Saving using libtiff encoder")
print (ifd.items())
_fp = 0
if hasattr(fp, "fileno"):
fp.seek(0)
_fp = os.dup(fp.fileno())
# ICC Profile crashes.
blocklist = [STRIPOFFSETS, STRIPBYTECOUNTS, ROWSPERSTRIP, ICCPROFILE]
atts = {}
# bits per sample is a single short in the tiff directory, not a list.
atts[BITSPERSAMPLE] = bits[0]
# Merge the ones that we have with (optional) more bits from
# the original file, e.g x,y resolution so that we can
# save(load('')) == original file.
for k, v in itertools.chain(ifd.items(),
getattr(im, 'ifd', {}).items()):
if k not in atts and k not in blocklist:
if type(v[0]) == tuple and len(v) > 1:
# A tuple of more than one rational tuples
# flatten to floats,
# following tiffcp.c->cpTag->TIFF_RATIONAL
atts[k] = [float(elt[0])/float(elt[1]) for elt in v]
continue
if type(v[0]) == tuple and len(v) == 1:
# A tuple of one rational tuples
# flatten to floats,
# following tiffcp.c->cpTag->TIFF_RATIONAL
atts[k] = float(v[0][0])/float(v[0][1])
continue
if type(v) == tuple and len(v) > 2:
# List of ints?
if type(v[0]) in (int, float):
atts[k] = list(v)
continue
if type(v) == tuple and len(v) == 2:
# one rational tuple
# flatten to float,
# following tiffcp.c->cpTag->TIFF_RATIONAL
atts[k] = float(v[0])/float(v[1])
continue
if type(v) == tuple and len(v) == 1:
v = v[0]
# drop through
if isStringType(v):
atts[k] = bytes(v.encode('ascii', 'replace')) + b"\0"
continue
else:
# int or similar
atts[k] = v
if Image.DEBUG:
print (atts)
# libtiff always expects the bytes in native order.
# we're storing image byte order. So, if the rawmode
# contains I;16, we need to convert from native to image
# byte order.
if im.mode in ('I;16B', 'I;16'):
rawmode = 'I;16N'
a = (rawmode, compression, _fp, filename, atts)
# print (im.mode, compression, a, im.encoderconfig)
e = Image._getencoder(im.mode, 'libtiff', a, im.encoderconfig)
e.setimage(im.im, (0, 0)+im.size)
while True:
# undone, change to self.decodermaxblock:
l, s, d = e.encode(16*1024)
if not _fp:
fp.write(d)
if s:
break
if s < 0:
raise IOError("encoder error %d when writing image file" % s)
else:
offset = ifd.save(fp)
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [
("raw", (0, 0)+im.size, offset, (rawmode, stride, 1))
])
# -- helper for multi-page save --
if "_debug_multipage" in im.encoderinfo:
# just to access o32 and o16 (using correct byte order)
im._debug_multipage = ifd
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Register
Image.register_open("TIFF", TiffImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save("TIFF", _save)
Image.register_extension("TIFF", ".tif")
Image.register_extension("TIFF", ".tiff")
Image.register_mime("TIFF", "image/tiff")
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