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291 lines
10 KiB
ReStructuredText
291 lines
10 KiB
ReStructuredText
Using PIL With Tkinter
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====================================================================
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Starting with 1.0 final (release candidate 2 and later, to be
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precise), PIL can attach itself to Tkinter in flight. As a result,
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you no longer need to rebuild the Tkinter extension to be able to
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use PIL.
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However, if you cannot get the this to work on your platform, you
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can do it in the old way:
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Adding Tkinter support
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----------------------
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1. Compile Python's _tkinter.c with the WITH_APPINIT and WITH_PIL
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flags set, and link it with tkImaging.c and tkappinit.c. To
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do this, copy the former to the Modules directory, and edit
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the _tkinter line in Setup (or Setup.in) according to the
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instructions in that file.
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NOTE: if you have an old Python version, the tkappinit.c
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file is not included by default. If this is the case, you
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will have to add the following lines to tkappinit.c, after
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the MOREBUTTONS stuff::
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{
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extern void TkImaging_Init(Tcl_Interp* interp);
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TkImaging_Init(interp);
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}
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This registers a Tcl command called "PyImagingPhoto", which is
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use to communicate between PIL and Tk's PhotoImage handler.
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You must also change the _tkinter line in Setup (or Setup.in)
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to something like::
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_tkinter _tkinter.c tkImaging.c tkappinit.c -DWITH_APPINIT
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-I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -ltk8.0 -ltcl8.0 -lX11
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The Photoimage Booster Patch (for Windows 95/NT)
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====================================================================
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This patch kit boosts performance for 16/24-bit displays. The
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first patch is required on Tk 4.2 (where it fixes the problems for
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16-bit displays) and later versions. By installing both patches,
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Tk's PhotoImage handling becomes much faster on both 16-bit and
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24-bit displays. The patch has been tested with Tk 4.2 and 8.0.
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Here's a benchmark, made with a sample program which loads two
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512x512 greyscale PGM's, and two 512x512 colour PPM's, and displays
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each of them in a separate toplevel windows. Tcl/Tk was compiled
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with Visual C 4.0, and run on a P100 under Win95. Image load times
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are not included in the timings:
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+----------------------+------------+-------------+----------------+
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| | **8-bit** | **16-bit** | **24-bit** |
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+----------------------+------------+-------------+----------------+
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| 1. original 4.2 code | 5.52 s | 8.57 s | 3.79 s |
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+----------------------+------------+-------------+----------------+
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| 2. booster patch | 5.49 s | 1.87 s | 1.82 s |
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+----------------------+------------+-------------+----------------+
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| speedup | None | 4.6x | 2.1x |
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+----------------------+------------+-------------+----------------+
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Here's the patches:
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1. For portability and speed, the best thing under Windows is to
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treat 16-bit displays as if they were 24-bit. The Windows device
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drivers take care of the rest.
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.. Note::
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If you have Tk 4.1 or Tk 8.0b1, you don't have to apply this
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patch! It only applies to Tk 4.2, Tk 8.0a[12] and Tk 8.0b2.
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In ``win/tkWinImage.c``, change the following line in ``XCreateImage``::
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imagePtr->bits_per_pixel = depth;
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to::
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/* ==================================================================== */
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/* The tk photo image booster patch -- patch section 1 */
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/* ==================================================================== */
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if (visual->class == TrueColor)
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/* true colour is stored as 3 bytes: (blue, green, red) */
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imagePtr->bits_per_pixel = 24;
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else
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imagePtr->bits_per_pixel = depth;
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/* ==================================================================== */
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2. The DitherInstance implementation is not good. It's especially
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bad on highend truecolour displays. IMO, it should be rewritten from
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scratch (some other day...).
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Anyway, the following band-aid makes the situation a little bit
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better under Windows. This hack trades some marginal quality (no
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dithering on 16-bit displays) for a dramatic performance boost.
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Requires patch 1, unless you're using Tk 4.1 or Tk 8.0b1.
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In generic/tkImgPhoto.c, add the #ifdef section to the DitherInstance
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function::
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/* ==================================================================== */
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for (; height > 0; height -= nLines) {
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if (nLines > height) {
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nLines = height;
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}
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dstLinePtr = (unsigned char *) imagePtr->data;
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yEnd = yStart + nLines;
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/* ==================================================================== */
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/* The tk photo image booster patch -- patch section 2 */
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/* ==================================================================== */
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#ifdef __WIN32__
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if (colorPtr->visualInfo.class == TrueColor
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&& instancePtr->gamma == 1.0) {
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/* Windows hicolor/truecolor booster */
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for (y = yStart; y < yEnd; ++y) {
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destBytePtr = dstLinePtr;
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srcPtr = srcLinePtr;
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for (x = xStart; x < xEnd; ++x) {
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destBytePtr[0] = srcPtr[2];
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destBytePtr[1] = srcPtr[1];
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destBytePtr[2] = srcPtr[0];
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destBytePtr += 3; srcPtr += 3;
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}
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srcLinePtr += lineLength;
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dstLinePtr += bytesPerLine;
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}
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} else
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#endif
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/* ==================================================================== */
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for (y = yStart; y < yEnd; ++y) {
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srcPtr = srcLinePtr;
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errPtr = errLinePtr;
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destBytePtr = dstLinePtr;
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last updated: 97-07-03/fl
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The PIL Bitmap Booster Patch
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====================================================================
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The pilbitmap booster patch greatly improves performance of the
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ImageTk.BitmapImage constructor. Unfortunately, the design of Tk
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doesn't allow us to do this from the tkImaging interface module, so
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you have to patch the Tk sources.
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Once installed, the ImageTk module will automatically detect this
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patch.
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(Note: this patch has been tested with Tk 8.0 on Win32 only, but it
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should work just fine on other platforms as well).
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1. To the beginning of TkGetBitmapData (in generic/tkImgBmap.c), add
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the following stuff::
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/* ==================================================================== */
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int width, height, numBytes, hotX, hotY;
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char *p, *end, *expandedFileName;
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ParseInfo pi;
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char *data = NULL;
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Tcl_DString buffer;
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/* ==================================================================== */
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/* The pilbitmap booster patch -- patch section */
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/* ==================================================================== */
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char *PILGetBitmapData();
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if (string) {
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/* Is this a PIL bitmap reference? */
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data = PILGetBitmapData(string, widthPtr, heightPtr, hotXPtr, hotYPtr);
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if (data)
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return data;
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}
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/* ==================================================================== */
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pi.string = string;
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if (string == NULL) {
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if (Tcl_IsSafe(interp)) {
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2. Append the following to the same file (you may wish to include
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Imaging.h instead of copying the struct declaration...)::
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/* ==================================================================== */
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/* The pilbitmap booster patch -- code section */
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/* ==================================================================== */
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/* Imaging declaration boldly copied from Imaging.h (!) */
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typedef struct ImagingInstance *Imaging; /* a.k.a. ImagingImage :-) */
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typedef unsigned char UINT8;
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typedef int INT32;
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struct ImagingInstance {
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/* Format */
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char mode[4+1]; /* Band names ("1", "L", "P", "RGB", "RGBA", "CMYK") */
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int type; /* Always 0 in this version */
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int depth; /* Always 8 in this version */
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int bands; /* Number of bands (1, 3, or 4) */
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int xsize; /* Image dimension. */
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int ysize;
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/* Colour palette (for "P" images only) */
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void* palette;
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/* Data pointers */
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UINT8 **image8; /* Set for 8-bit image (pixelsize=1). */
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INT32 **image32; /* Set for 32-bit image (pixelsize=4). */
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/* Internals */
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char **image; /* Actual raster data. */
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char *block; /* Set if data is allocated in a single block. */
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int pixelsize; /* Size of a pixel, in bytes (1 or 4) */
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int linesize; /* Size of a line, in bytes (xsize * pixelsize) */
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/* Virtual methods */
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void (*im_delete)(Imaging *);
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};
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/* The pilbitmap booster patch allows you to pass PIL images to the
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Tk bitmap decoder. Passing images this way is much more efficient
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than using the "tobitmap" method. */
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char *
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PILGetBitmapData(string, widthPtr, heightPtr, hotXPtr, hotYPtr)
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char *string;
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int *widthPtr, *heightPtr;
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int *hotXPtr, *hotYPtr;
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{
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char* data;
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char* p;
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int y;
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Imaging im;
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if (strncmp(string, "PIL:", 4) != 0)
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return NULL;
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im = (Imaging) atol(string + 4);
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if (strcmp(im->mode, "1") != 0 && strcmp(im->mode, "L") != 0)
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return NULL;
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data = p = (char *) ckalloc((unsigned) ((im->xsize+7)/8) * im->ysize);
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for (y = 0; y < im->ysize; y++) {
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char* in = im->image8[y];
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int i, m, b;
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b = 0; m = 1;
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for (i = 0; i < im->xsize; i++) {
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if (in[i] != 0)
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b |= m;
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m <<= 1;
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if (m == 256){
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*p++ = b;
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b = 0; m = 1;
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}
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}
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if (m != 1)
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*p++ = b;
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}
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*widthPtr = im->xsize;
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*heightPtr = im->ysize;
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*hotXPtr = -1;
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*hotYPtr = -1;
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return data;
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}
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/* ==================================================================== */
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3. Recompile Tk and relink the _tkinter module (where necessary).
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Last updated: 97-05-17/fl
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