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The instance documents may indicate the published version of the schema using the xsi:schemaLocation attribute for Java EE namespace with the following location: http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/application_8.xsd ]]> The following conventions apply to all Java EE deployment descriptor elements unless indicated otherwise. - In elements that specify a pathname to a file within the same JAR file, relative filenames (i.e., those not starting with "/") are considered relative to the root of the JAR file's namespace. Absolute filenames (i.e., those starting with "/") also specify names in the root of the JAR file's namespace. In general, relative names are preferred. The exception is .war files where absolute names are preferred for consistency with the Servlet API. The application element is the root element of a Java EE application deployment descriptor. The context-root element content must be unique in the ear. The security-role-name element content must be unique in the ear. The applicationType defines the structure of the application. If initialize-in-order is true, modules must be initialized in the order they're listed in this deployment descriptor, with the exception of application client modules, which can be initialized in any order. If initialize-in-order is not set or set to false, the order of initialization is unspecified and may be product-dependent. The application deployment descriptor must have one module element for each Java EE module in the application package. A module element is defined by moduleType definition. The library-directory element specifies the pathname of a directory within the application package, relative to the top level of the application package. All files named "*.jar" in this directory must be made available in the class path of all components included in this application package. If this element isn't specified, the directory named "lib" is searched. An empty element may be used to disable searching. The required value for the version is 8. The moduleType defines a single Java EE module and contains a connector, ejb, java, or web element, which indicates the module type and contains a path to the module file, and an optional alt-dd element, which specifies an optional URI to the post-assembly version of the deployment descriptor. The connector element specifies the URI of a resource adapter archive file, relative to the top level of the application package. The ejb element specifies the URI of an ejb-jar, relative to the top level of the application package. The java element specifies the URI of a java application client module, relative to the top level of the application package. The alt-dd element specifies an optional URI to the post-assembly version of the deployment descriptor file for a particular Java EE module. The URI must specify the full pathname of the deployment descriptor file relative to the application's root directory. If alt-dd is not specified, the deployer must read the deployment descriptor from the default location and file name required by the respective component specification. The webType defines the web-uri and context-root of a web application module. The web-uri element specifies the URI of a web application file, relative to the top level of the application package. The context-root element specifies the context root of a web application.