#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
$Id$
Copyright (c) 2006-2011 sqlmap developers (http://www.sqlmap.org/)
See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
"""
import httplib
import re
import socket
import time
import urllib2
import urlparse
import traceback
from extra.multipart import multipartpost
from lib.core.agent import agent
from lib.core.common import average
from lib.core.common import calculateDeltaSeconds
from lib.core.common import clearConsoleLine
from lib.core.common import cpuThrottle
from lib.core.common import extractRegexResult
from lib.core.common import getCurrentThreadData
from lib.core.common import getFilteredPageContent
from lib.core.common import getUnicode
from lib.core.common import logHTTPTraffic
from lib.core.common import parseTargetUrl
from lib.core.common import randomizeParameterValue
from lib.core.common import readInput
from lib.core.common import removeReflectiveValues
from lib.core.common import singleTimeWarnMessage
from lib.core.common import stdev
from lib.core.common import urlEncodeCookieValues
from lib.core.common import wasLastRequestDelayed
from lib.core.convert import unicodeencode
from lib.core.convert import urlencode
from lib.core.data import conf
from lib.core.data import kb
from lib.core.data import logger
from lib.core.enums import HTTPHEADER
from lib.core.enums import HTTPMETHOD
from lib.core.enums import NULLCONNECTION
from lib.core.enums import PAYLOAD
from lib.core.enums import PLACE
from lib.core.exception import sqlmapConnectionException
from lib.core.exception import sqlmapSyntaxException
from lib.core.settings import HTTP_ACCEPT_HEADER_VALUE
from lib.core.settings import HTTP_SILENT_TIMEOUT
from lib.core.settings import META_REFRESH_REGEX
from lib.core.settings import IS_WIN
from lib.core.settings import MIN_TIME_RESPONSES
from lib.core.settings import WARN_TIME_STDEV
from lib.core.settings import URI_HTTP_HEADER
from lib.core.threads import getCurrentThreadData
from lib.request.basic import decodePage
from lib.request.basic import forgeHeaders
from lib.request.basic import processResponse
from lib.request.direct import direct
from lib.request.comparison import comparison
from lib.request.methodrequest import MethodRequest
from lib.utils.checkpayload import checkPayload
class Connect:
"""
This class defines methods used to perform HTTP requests
"""
@staticmethod
def __getPageProxy(**kwargs):
return Connect.getPage(**kwargs)
@staticmethod
def __retryProxy(**kwargs):
threadData = getCurrentThreadData()
threadData.retriesCount += 1
if kb.testMode and kb.previousMethod == PAYLOAD.METHOD.TIME:
# timed based payloads can cause web server unresponsiveness
# if the injectable piece of code is some kind of JOIN-like query
warnMsg = "most probably web server instance hasn't recovered yet "
warnMsg += "from previous timed based payload. if the problem "
warnMsg += "persists please wait for few minutes and rerun "
warnMsg += "without flag T in --technique option "
warnMsg += "(e.g. --flush-session --technique=BEUS) or try to "
warnMsg += "lower the --time-sec value (e.g. --time-sec=2)"
singleTimeWarnMessage(warnMsg)
elif kb.originalPage is None:
warnMsg = "if the problem persists please check that the provided "
warnMsg += "target url is valid. If it is, you can try to rerun "
warnMsg += "with the --random-agent switch turned on "
warnMsg += "and/or proxy switches (--ignore-proxy, --proxy,...)"
singleTimeWarnMessage(warnMsg)
elif conf.threads > 1:
warnMsg = "if the problem persists please try to lower "
warnMsg += "the number of used threads (--threads)"
singleTimeWarnMessage(warnMsg)
time.sleep(1)
kwargs['retrying'] = True
return Connect.__getPageProxy(**kwargs)
@staticmethod
def getPage(**kwargs):
"""
This method connects to the target url or proxy and returns
the target url page content
"""
if conf.delay is not None and isinstance(conf.delay, (int, float)) and conf.delay > 0:
time.sleep(conf.delay)
elif conf.cpuThrottle:
cpuThrottle(conf.cpuThrottle)
threadData = getCurrentThreadData()
threadData.lastRequestUID += 1
url = kwargs.get('url', conf.url)
get = kwargs.get('get', None)
post = kwargs.get('post', None)
method = kwargs.get('method', None)
cookie = kwargs.get('cookie', None)
ua = kwargs.get('ua', None)
referer = kwargs.get('referer', None)
direct = kwargs.get('direct', False)
multipart = kwargs.get('multipart', False)
silent = kwargs.get('silent', False)
raise404 = kwargs.get('raise404', True)
auxHeaders = kwargs.get('auxHeaders', None)
response = kwargs.get('response', False)
ignoreTimeout = kwargs.get('ignoreTimeout', kb.ignoreTimeout)
refreshing = kwargs.get('refreshing', False)
retrying = kwargs.get('retrying', False)
redirecting = kwargs.get('redirecting', False)
crawling = kwargs.get('crawling', False)
if not urlparse.urlsplit(url).netloc:
url = urlparse.urljoin(conf.url, url)
# flag to know if we are dealing with the same target host
target = reduce(lambda x, y: x == y, map(lambda x: urlparse.urlparse(x).netloc.split(':')[0], [url, conf.url]))
if not retrying:
# Reset the number of connection retries
threadData.retriesCount = 0
# fix for known issue when urllib2 just skips the other part of provided
# url splitted with space char while urlencoding it in the later phase
url = url.replace(" ", "%20")
page = ""
cookieStr = ""
requestMsg = "HTTP request [#%d]:\n%s " % (threadData.lastRequestUID, method or (HTTPMETHOD.POST if post else HTTPMETHOD.GET))
requestMsg += "%s" % urlparse.urlsplit(url)[2] or "/"
responseMsg = "HTTP response "
requestHeaders = ""
responseHeaders = None
logHeaders = ""
# fix for known issues when using url in unicode format
# (e.g. UnicodeDecodeError: "url = url + '?' + query" in redirect case)
url = unicodeencode(url)
try:
if silent:
socket.setdefaulttimeout(HTTP_SILENT_TIMEOUT)
else:
socket.setdefaulttimeout(conf.timeout)
if direct:
if "?" in url:
url, params = url.split("?")
params = urlencode(params)
url = "%s?%s" % (url, params)
requestMsg += "?%s" % params
elif multipart:
# Needed in this form because of potential circle dependency
# problem (option -> update -> connect -> option)
from lib.core.option import proxyHandler
multipartOpener = urllib2.build_opener(proxyHandler, multipartpost.MultipartPostHandler)
conn = multipartOpener.open(unicodeencode(url), multipart)
page = conn.read()
responseHeaders = conn.info()
responseHeaders[URI_HTTP_HEADER] = conn.geturl()
page = decodePage(page, responseHeaders.get(HTTPHEADER.CONTENT_ENCODING), responseHeaders.get(HTTPHEADER.CONTENT_TYPE))
return page
elif any ([refreshing, crawling]):
pass
elif target:
if conf.parameters.has_key(PLACE.GET) and not get:
get = conf.parameters[PLACE.GET]
if get:
url = "%s?%s" % (url, get)
requestMsg += "?%s" % get
if conf.method == HTTPMETHOD.POST and not post:
for place in (PLACE.POST, PLACE.SOAP):
if conf.parameters.has_key(place):
post = conf.parameters[place]
break
elif get:
url = "%s?%s" % (url, get)
requestMsg += "?%s" % get
requestMsg += " %s" % httplib.HTTPConnection._http_vsn_str
# Perform HTTP request
headers = forgeHeaders(cookie, ua, referer)
if conf.realTest:
headers[HTTPHEADER.REFERER] = "%s://%s" % (conf.scheme, conf.hostname)
if kb.authHeader:
headers[HTTPHEADER.AUTHORIZATION] = kb.authHeader
if kb.proxyAuthHeader:
headers[HTTPHEADER.PROXY_AUTHORIZATION] = kb.proxyAuthHeader
headers[HTTPHEADER.ACCEPT] = HTTP_ACCEPT_HEADER_VALUE
headers[HTTPHEADER.HOST] = urlparse.urlparse(url).netloc
if any(map(lambda x: headers[HTTPHEADER.HOST].endswith(':%d' % x), [80, 443])):
headers[HTTPHEADER.HOST] = headers[HTTPHEADER.HOST].split(':')[0]
if auxHeaders:
for key, item in auxHeaders.items():
headers[key] = item
for key, item in headers.items():
del headers[key]
headers[unicodeencode(key, kb.pageEncoding)] = unicodeencode(item, kb.pageEncoding)
post = unicodeencode(post, kb.pageEncoding)
if method:
req = MethodRequest(url, post, headers)
req.set_method(method)
else:
req = urllib2.Request(url, post, headers)
if not conf.dropSetCookie and conf.cj:
for _, cookie in enumerate(conf.cj):
if not cookieStr:
cookieStr = "Cookie: "
cookie = getUnicode(cookie)
index = cookie.index(" for ")
cookieStr += "%s; " % cookie[8:index]
if not req.has_header(HTTPHEADER.ACCEPT_ENCODING):
requestHeaders += "%s: identity\n" % HTTPHEADER.ACCEPT_ENCODING
requestHeaders += "\n".join(["%s: %s" % (key.capitalize() if isinstance(key, basestring) else key, getUnicode(value)) for (key, value) in req.header_items()])
if not req.has_header(HTTPHEADER.COOKIE) and cookieStr:
requestHeaders += "\n%s" % cookieStr[:-2]
if not req.has_header(HTTPHEADER.CONNECTION):
requestHeaders += "\n%s: close" % HTTPHEADER.CONNECTION
requestMsg += "\n%s" % requestHeaders
if post:
requestMsg += "\n\n%s" % post
requestMsg += "\n"
threadData.lastRequestMsg = requestMsg
logger.log(8, requestMsg)
conn = urllib2.urlopen(req)
if not kb.authHeader and req.has_header(HTTPHEADER.AUTHORIZATION):
kb.authHeader = req.get_header(HTTPHEADER.AUTHORIZATION)
if not kb.proxyAuthHeader and req.has_header(HTTPHEADER.PROXY_AUTHORIZATION):
kb.proxyAuthHeader = req.get_header(HTTPHEADER.PROXY_AUTHORIZATION)
if hasattr(conn, "setcookie"):
kb.redirectSetCookie = conn.setcookie
if hasattr(conn, "redurl") and hasattr(conn, "redcode") and target\
and not redirecting and not conf.realTest:
if kb.alwaysRedirect is None:
msg = "sqlmap got a %d redirect to " % conn.redcode
msg += "'%s'. Do you want to follow redirects " % conn.redurl
msg += "from now on (or stay on the original page)? [Y/n]"
choice = readInput(msg, default="Y")
kb.alwaysRedirect = choice not in ("n", "N")
kwargs['url'] = conn.redurl if kb.alwaysRedirect else conf.url
kwargs['redirecting'] = True
return Connect.__getPageProxy(**kwargs)
# Return response object
if response:
return conn, None, None
# Get HTTP response
page = conn.read()
code = conn.code
responseHeaders = conn.info()
responseHeaders[URI_HTTP_HEADER] = conn.geturl()
page = decodePage(page, responseHeaders.get(HTTPHEADER.CONTENT_ENCODING), responseHeaders.get(HTTPHEADER.CONTENT_TYPE))
status = getUnicode(conn.msg)
if extractRegexResult(META_REFRESH_REGEX, page, re.DOTALL | re.IGNORECASE) and not refreshing:
url = extractRegexResult(META_REFRESH_REGEX, page, re.DOTALL | re.IGNORECASE)
debugMsg = "got HTML meta refresh header"
logger.debug(debugMsg)
if kb.alwaysRefresh is None:
msg = "sqlmap got a refresh request "
msg += "(redirect like response common to login pages). "
msg += "Do you want to apply the refresh "
msg += "from now on (or stay on the original page)? [Y/n]"
choice = readInput(msg, default="Y")
kb.alwaysRefresh = choice not in ("n", "N")
if kb.alwaysRefresh:
if url.lower().startswith('http://'):
kwargs['url'] = url
else:
kwargs['url'] = conf.url[:conf.url.rfind('/')+1] + url
threadData.lastRedirectMsg = (threadData.lastRequestUID, page)
kwargs['refreshing'] = True
kwargs['get'] = None
kwargs['post'] = None
try:
return Connect.__getPageProxy(**kwargs)
except sqlmapSyntaxException:
pass
# Explicit closing of connection object
if not conf.keepAlive:
try:
if hasattr(conn.fp, '_sock'):
conn.fp._sock.close()
conn.close()
except Exception, msg:
warnMsg = "problem occured during connection closing ('%s')" % msg
logger.warn(warnMsg)
except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
page = None
responseHeaders = None
try:
page = e.read()
responseHeaders = e.info()
responseHeaders[URI_HTTP_HEADER] = e.geturl()
page = decodePage(page, responseHeaders.get(HTTPHEADER.CONTENT_ENCODING), responseHeaders.get(HTTPHEADER.CONTENT_TYPE))
except socket.timeout:
warnMsg = "connection timed out while trying "
warnMsg += "to get error page information (%d)" % e.code
logger.warn(warnMsg)
return None, None, None
except:
pass
code = e.code
threadData.lastHTTPError = (threadData.lastRequestUID, code)
if code not in kb.httpErrorCodes:
kb.httpErrorCodes[code] = 0
kb.httpErrorCodes[code] += 1
status = getUnicode(e.msg)
responseMsg += "[#%d] (%d %s):\n" % (threadData.lastRequestUID, code, status)
if responseHeaders:
logHeaders = "\n".join(["%s: %s" % (key.capitalize() if isinstance(key, basestring) else key, getUnicode(value)) for (key, value) in responseHeaders.items()])
logHTTPTraffic(requestMsg, "%s%s\n\n%s" % (responseMsg, logHeaders, page if isinstance(page, unicode) else getUnicode(page)))
if conf.verbose <= 5:
responseMsg += getUnicode(logHeaders)
elif conf.verbose > 5:
responseMsg += "%s\n\n%s\n" % (logHeaders, page)
logger.log(7, responseMsg)
if e.code == 401:
errMsg = "not authorized, try to provide right HTTP "
errMsg += "authentication type and valid credentials (%d)" % code
raise sqlmapConnectionException, errMsg
elif e.code == 404:
if raise404:
errMsg = "page not found (%d)" % code
raise sqlmapConnectionException, errMsg
else:
debugMsg = "page not found (%d)" % code
logger.debug(debugMsg)
processResponse(page, responseHeaders)
elif e.code == 504:
if ignoreTimeout:
return None, None, None
else:
warnMsg = "unable to connect to the target url (%d - %s)" % (e.code, httplib.responses[e.code])
if threadData.retriesCount < conf.retries and not kb.threadException and not conf.realTest:
warnMsg += ", sqlmap is going to retry the request"
logger.critical(warnMsg)
return Connect.__retryProxy(**kwargs)
elif kb.testMode:
logger.critical(warnMsg)
return None, None, None
else:
raise sqlmapConnectionException, warnMsg
else:
debugMsg = "got HTTP error code: %d (%s)" % (code, status)
logger.debug(debugMsg)
processResponse(page, responseHeaders)
return page, responseHeaders, code
except (urllib2.URLError, socket.error, socket.timeout, httplib.BadStatusLine, httplib.IncompleteRead), e:
tbMsg = traceback.format_exc()
if "no host given" in tbMsg:
warnMsg = "invalid url address used (%s)" % repr(url)
raise sqlmapSyntaxException, warnMsg
elif "forcibly closed" in tbMsg:
warnMsg = "connection was forcibly closed by the target url"
elif "timed out" in tbMsg:
warnMsg = "connection timed out to the target url"
elif "URLError" in tbMsg or "error" in tbMsg:
warnMsg = "unable to connect to the target url"
elif "BadStatusLine" in tbMsg:
warnMsg = "the target url responded with an unknown HTTP "
warnMsg += "status code, try to force the HTTP User-Agent "
warnMsg += "header with option --user-agent or --random-agent"
elif "IncompleteRead" in tbMsg:
warnMsg = "there was an incomplete read error while retrieving data "
warnMsg += "from the target url"
else:
warnMsg = "unable to connect to the target url"
if "BadStatusLine" not in tbMsg:
warnMsg += " or proxy"
if "forcibly closed" in tbMsg:
logger.critical(warnMsg)
return None, None, None
elif silent or (ignoreTimeout and any(map(lambda x: x in tbMsg, ["timed out", "IncompleteRead"]))):
return None, None, None
elif threadData.retriesCount < conf.retries and not kb.threadException and not conf.realTest:
warnMsg += ", sqlmap is going to retry the request"
logger.critical(warnMsg)
return Connect.__retryProxy(**kwargs)
elif kb.testMode:
logger.critical(warnMsg)
return None, None, None
else:
raise sqlmapConnectionException, warnMsg
finally:
socket.setdefaulttimeout(conf.timeout)
processResponse(page, responseHeaders)
responseMsg += "[#%d] (%d %s):\n" % (threadData.lastRequestUID, code, status)
if responseHeaders:
logHeaders = "\n".join(["%s: %s" % (key.capitalize() if isinstance(key, basestring) else key, getUnicode(value)) for (key, value) in responseHeaders.items()])
logHTTPTraffic(requestMsg, "%s%s\n\n%s" % (responseMsg, logHeaders, page if isinstance(page, unicode) else getUnicode(page)))
if conf.verbose <= 5:
responseMsg += getUnicode(logHeaders)
elif conf.verbose > 5:
responseMsg += "%s\n\n%s\n" % (logHeaders, page)
logger.log(7, responseMsg)
return page, responseHeaders, code
@staticmethod
def queryPage(value=None, place=None, content=False, getRatioValue=False, silent=False, method=None, timeBasedCompare=False, noteResponseTime=True, auxHeaders=None, response=False, raise404=None):
"""
This method calls a function to get the target url page content
and returns its page MD5 hash or a boolean value in case of
string match check ('--string' command line parameter)
"""
if conf.direct:
return direct(value, content)
get = None
post = None
cookie = None
ua = None
referer = None
page = None
pageLength = None
uri = None
if not place:
place = kb.injection.place or PLACE.GET
raise404 = place != PLACE.URI if raise404 is None else raise404
payload = agent.extractPayload(value)
threadData = getCurrentThreadData()
if payload:
if kb.tamperFunctions:
for function in kb.tamperFunctions:
payload = function(payload)
value = agent.replacePayload(value, payload)
logger.log(9, payload)
if place == PLACE.COOKIE and conf.cookieUrlencode:
value = agent.removePayloadDelimiters(value)
value = urlEncodeCookieValues(value)
elif place:
if place in (PLACE.GET, PLACE.POST):
# payloads in GET and/or POST need to be urlencoded
# throughly without safe chars (especially & and =)
# addendum: as we support url encoding in tampering
# functions therefore we need to use % as a safe char
payload = urlencode(payload, "%", False, True)
value = agent.replacePayload(value, payload)
elif place == PLACE.SOAP:
# payloads in SOAP should have chars > and < replaced
# with their HTML encoded counterparts
payload = payload.replace('>', '>').replace('<', '<')
value = agent.replacePayload(value, payload)
value = agent.removePayloadDelimiters(value)
if conf.checkPayload:
checkPayload(value)
if PLACE.GET in conf.parameters:
get = conf.parameters[PLACE.GET] if place != PLACE.GET or not value else value
if PLACE.POST in conf.parameters:
post = conf.parameters[PLACE.POST] if place != PLACE.POST or not value else value
if PLACE.SOAP in conf.parameters:
post = conf.parameters[PLACE.SOAP] if place != PLACE.SOAP or not value else value
if PLACE.COOKIE in conf.parameters:
cookie = conf.parameters[PLACE.COOKIE] if place != PLACE.COOKIE or not value else value
if PLACE.UA in conf.parameters:
ua = conf.parameters[PLACE.UA] if place != PLACE.UA or not value else value
if PLACE.REFERER in conf.parameters:
referer = conf.parameters[PLACE.REFERER] if place != PLACE.REFERER or not value else value
if PLACE.URI in conf.parameters:
uri = conf.url if place != PLACE.URI or not value else value
else:
uri = conf.url
if conf.rParam:
def _randomizeParameter(paramString, randomParameter):
retVal = paramString
match = re.search("%s=(?P<value>[^&;]+)" % randomParameter, paramString)
if match:
origValue = match.group("value")
retVal = re.sub("%s=[^&;]+" % randomParameter, "%s=%s" % (randomParameter, randomizeParameterValue(origValue)), paramString)
return retVal
for randomParameter in conf.rParam:
for item in [PLACE.GET, PLACE.POST, PLACE.COOKIE]:
if item in conf.parameters:
origValue = conf.parameters[item]
if item == PLACE.GET and get:
get = _randomizeParameter(get, randomParameter)
elif item == PLACE.POST and post:
post = _randomizeParameter(post, randomParameter)
elif item == PLACE.COOKIE and cookie:
cookie = _randomizeParameter(cookie, randomParameter)
get = urlencode(get, limit=True)
post = urlencode(post)
if timeBasedCompare:
if len(kb.responseTimes) < MIN_TIME_RESPONSES:
clearConsoleLine()
warnMsg = "time-based comparison needs larger statistical "
warnMsg += "model. Making a few dummy requests, please wait.."
singleTimeWarnMessage(warnMsg)
while len(kb.responseTimes) < MIN_TIME_RESPONSES:
Connect.queryPage(content=True)
deviation = stdev(kb.responseTimes)
if deviation > WARN_TIME_STDEV:
kb.adjustTimeDelay = False
warnMsg = "there is considerable lagging (standard deviation: "
warnMsg += "%.1f sec%s) " % (deviation, "s" if deviation > 1 else "")
warnMsg += "in connection response(s). Please use as high "
warnMsg += "value for --time-sec option as possible (e.g. "
warnMsg += "%d or more)" % (conf.timeSec * 2)
logger.critical(warnMsg)
elif not kb.testMode:
warnMsg = "it is very important not to stress the network adapter's "
warnMsg += "bandwidth during usage of time-based queries"
singleTimeWarnMessage(warnMsg)
if conf.safUrl and conf.saFreq > 0:
kb.queryCounter += 1
if kb.queryCounter % conf.saFreq == 0:
Connect.getPage(url=conf.safUrl, cookie=cookie, direct=True, silent=True, ua=ua, referer=referer)
start = time.time()
if kb.nullConnection and not content and not response and not timeBasedCompare:
if kb.nullConnection == NULLCONNECTION.HEAD:
method = HTTPMETHOD.HEAD
elif kb.nullConnection == NULLCONNECTION.RANGE:
if not auxHeaders:
auxHeaders = {}
auxHeaders[HTTPHEADER.RANGE] = "bytes=-1"
_, headers, code = Connect.getPage(url=uri, get=get, post=post, cookie=cookie, ua=ua, referer=referer, silent=silent, method=method, auxHeaders=auxHeaders, raise404=raise404)
if headers:
if kb.nullConnection == NULLCONNECTION.HEAD and HTTPHEADER.CONTENT_LENGTH in headers:
pageLength = int(headers[HTTPHEADER.CONTENT_LENGTH])
elif kb.nullConnection == NULLCONNECTION.RANGE and HTTPHEADER.CONTENT_RANGE in headers:
pageLength = int(headers[HTTPHEADER.CONTENT_RANGE][headers[HTTPHEADER.CONTENT_RANGE].find('/') + 1:])
if not pageLength:
page, headers, code = Connect.getPage(url=uri, get=get, post=post, cookie=cookie, ua=ua, referer=referer, silent=silent, method=method, auxHeaders=auxHeaders, response=response, raise404=raise404, ignoreTimeout=timeBasedCompare)
threadData.lastQueryDuration = calculateDeltaSeconds(start)
if kb.testMode:
kb.testQueryCount += 1
if conf.cj:
conf.cj.clear()
if timeBasedCompare:
return wasLastRequestDelayed()
elif noteResponseTime:
kb.responseTimes.append(threadData.lastQueryDuration)
if content or response:
return page, headers
page = removeReflectiveValues(page, payload)
if getRatioValue:
return comparison(page, headers, code, getRatioValue=False, pageLength=pageLength), comparison(page, headers, code, getRatioValue=True, pageLength=pageLength)
elif pageLength or page:
return comparison(page, headers, code, getRatioValue, pageLength)
else:
return False