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< a href = "#schemas" > Schemas< / a >
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< li >
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< a href = "#install-core-api" > Install Core API< / a >
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< a href = "#internal-schema-representation" > Internal schema representation< / a >
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< a href = "#schema-output-formats" > Schema output formats< / a >
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< a href = "#schemas-vs-hypermedia" > Schemas vs Hypermedia< / a >
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< a href = "#creating-a-schema" > Creating a schema< / a >
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< a href = "#manual-schema-specification" > Manual Schema Specification< / a >
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< a href = "#automatic-schema-generation" > Automatic Schema Generation< / a >
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< a href = "#per-view-schema-customisation" > Per-View Schema Customisation< / a >
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< a href = "#adding-a-schema-view" > Adding a schema view< / a >
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< a href = "#the-get_schema_view-shortcut" > The get_schema_view shortcut< / a >
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< a href = "#using-an-explicit-schema-view" > Using an explicit schema view< / a >
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< a href = "#explicit-schema-definition" > Explicit schema definition< / a >
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< a href = "#static-schema-file" > Static schema file< / a >
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< a href = "#schemas-as-documentation" > Schemas as documentation< / a >
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< a href = "#schemagenerator" > SchemaGenerator< / a >
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< a href = "#autoschema" > AutoSchema< / a >
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< a href = "#manualschema" > ManualSchema< / a >
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< a href = "#core-api" > Core API< / a >
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< a class = "github" href = "https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework/tree/master/rest_framework/schemas.py" >
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< span class = "label label-info" > schemas.py< / span >
< / a >
< h1 id = "schemas" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#schemas" > Schemas< / a > < / h1 >
< blockquote >
< p > A machine-readable [schema] describes what resources are available via the API, what their URLs are, how they are represented and what operations they support.< / p >
< p > — Heroku, < a href = "https://blog.heroku.com/archives/2014/1/8/json_schema_for_heroku_platform_api" > JSON Schema for the Heroku Platform API< / a > < / p >
< / blockquote >
< p > API schemas are a useful tool that allow for a range of use cases, including
generating reference documentation, or driving dynamic client libraries that
can interact with your API.< / p >
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< h2 id = "install-core-api" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#install-core-api" > Install Core API< / a > < / h2 >
< p > You'll need to install the < code > coreapi< / code > package in order to add schema support
for REST framework.< / p >
< pre > < code > pip install coreapi
< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "internal-schema-representation" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#internal-schema-representation" > Internal schema representation< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > REST framework uses < a href = "http://www.coreapi.org/" > Core API< / a > in order to model schema information in
a format-independent representation. This information can then be rendered
into various different schema formats, or used to generate API documentation.< / p >
< p > When using Core API, a schema is represented as a < code > Document< / code > which is the
top-level container object for information about the API. Available API
interactions are represented using < code > Link< / code > objects. Each link includes a URL,
HTTP method, and may include a list of < code > Field< / code > instances, which describe any
parameters that may be accepted by the API endpoint. The < code > Link< / code > and < code > Field< / code >
instances may also include descriptions, that allow an API schema to be
rendered into user documentation.< / p >
< p > Here's an example of an API description that includes a single < code > search< / code >
endpoint:< / p >
< pre > < code > coreapi.Document(
title='Flight Search API',
url='https://api.example.org/',
content={
'search': coreapi.Link(
url='/search/',
action='get',
fields=[
coreapi.Field(
name='from',
required=True,
location='query',
description='City name or airport code.'
),
coreapi.Field(
name='to',
required=True,
location='query',
description='City name or airport code.'
),
coreapi.Field(
name='date',
required=True,
location='query',
description='Flight date in "YYYY-MM-DD" format.'
)
],
description='Return flight availability and prices.'
)
}
)
< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "schema-output-formats" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#schema-output-formats" > Schema output formats< / a > < / h2 >
< p > In order to be presented in an HTTP response, the internal representation
has to be rendered into the actual bytes that are used in the response.< / p >
< p > < a href = "http://www.coreapi.org/specification/encoding/#core-json-encoding" > Core JSON< / a > is designed as a canonical format for use with Core API.
REST framework includes a renderer class for handling this media type, which
is available as < code > renderers.CoreJSONRenderer< / code > .< / p >
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< h3 id = "alternate-schema-formats" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#alternate-schema-formats" > Alternate schema formats< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Other schema formats such as < a href = "https://openapis.org/" > Open API< / a > ("Swagger"),
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< a href = "http://json-schema.org/latest/json-schema-hypermedia.html" > JSON HyperSchema< / a > , or < a href = "https://apiblueprint.org/" > API Blueprint< / a > can also
be supported by implementing a custom renderer class that handles converting a
< code > Document< / code > instance into a bytestring representation.< / p >
< p > If there is a Core API codec package that supports encoding into the format you
want to use then implementing the renderer class can be done by using the codec.< / p >
< h4 id = "example" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#example" > Example< / a > < / h4 >
< p > For example, the < code > openapi_codec< / code > package provides support for encoding or decoding
to the Open API ("Swagger") format:< / p >
< pre > < code > from rest_framework import renderers
from openapi_codec import OpenAPICodec
class SwaggerRenderer(renderers.BaseRenderer):
media_type = 'application/openapi+json'
format = 'swagger'
def render(self, data, media_type=None, renderer_context=None):
codec = OpenAPICodec()
return codec.dump(data)
< / code > < / pre >
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< h2 id = "schemas-vs-hypermedia" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#schemas-vs-hypermedia" > Schemas vs Hypermedia< / a > < / h2 >
< p > It's worth pointing out here that Core API can also be used to model hypermedia
responses, which present an alternative interaction style to API schemas.< / p >
< p > With an API schema, the entire available interface is presented up-front
as a single endpoint. Responses to individual API endpoints are then typically
presented as plain data, without any further interactions contained in each
response.< / p >
< p > With Hypermedia, the client is instead presented with a document containing
both data and available interactions. Each interaction results in a new
document, detailing both the current state and the available interactions.< / p >
< p > Further information and support on building Hypermedia APIs with REST framework
is planned for a future version.< / p >
< hr / >
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< h1 id = "creating-a-schema" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#creating-a-schema" > Creating a schema< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > REST framework includes functionality for auto-generating a schema,
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or allows you to specify one explicitly.< / p >
< h2 id = "manual-schema-specification" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#manual-schema-specification" > Manual Schema Specification< / a > < / h2 >
< p > To manually specify a schema you create a Core API < code > Document< / code > , similar to the
example above.< / p >
< pre > < code > schema = coreapi.Document(
title='Flight Search API',
content={
...
}
)
< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "automatic-schema-generation" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#automatic-schema-generation" > Automatic Schema Generation< / a > < / h2 >
< p > Automatic schema generation is provided by the < code > SchemaGenerator< / code > class.< / p >
< p > < code > SchemaGenerator< / code > processes a list of routed URL pattterns and compiles the
appropriately structured Core API Document.< / p >
< p > Basic usage is just to provide the title for your schema and call
< code > get_schema()< / code > :< / p >
< pre > < code > generator = schemas.SchemaGenerator(title='Flight Search API')
schema = generator.get_schema()
< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "per-view-schema-customisation" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#per-view-schema-customisation" > Per-View Schema Customisation< / a > < / h2 >
< p > By default, view introspection is performed by an < code > AutoSchema< / code > instance
accessible via the < code > schema< / code > attribute on < code > APIView< / code > . This provides the
appropriate Core API < code > Link< / code > object for the view, request method and path:< / p >
< pre > < code > auto_schema = view.schema
coreapi_link = auto_schema.get_link(...)
< / code > < / pre >
< p > (In compiling the schema, < code > SchemaGenerator< / code > calls < code > view.schema.get_link()< / code > for
each view, allowed method and path.)< / p >
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< hr / >
< p > < strong > Note< / strong > : For basic < code > APIView< / code > subclasses, default introspection is essentially
limited to the URL kwarg path parameters. For < code > GenericAPIView< / code >
subclasses, which includes all the provided class based views, < code > AutoSchema< / code > will
attempt to introspect serialiser, pagination and filter fields, as well as
provide richer path field descriptions. (The key hooks here are the relevant
< code > GenericAPIView< / code > attributes and methods: < code > get_serializer< / code > , < code > pagination_class< / code > ,
< code > filter_backends< / code > and so on.)< / p >
< hr / >
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< p > To customise the < code > Link< / code > generation you may:< / p >
< ul >
< li >
< p > Instantiate < code > AutoSchema< / code > on your view with the < code > manual_fields< / code > kwarg:< / p >
< pre > < code > from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.schemas import AutoSchema
class CustomView(APIView):
...
schema = AutoSchema(
manual_fields=[
coreapi.Field("extra_field", ...),
]
)
< / code > < / pre >
< p > This allows extension for the most common case without subclassing.< / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > Provide an < code > AutoSchema< / code > subclass with more complex customisation:< / p >
< pre > < code > from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.schemas import AutoSchema
class CustomSchema(AutoSchema):
def get_link(...):
# Implement custom introspection here (or in other sub-methods)
class CustomView(APIView):
...
schema = CustomSchema()
< / code > < / pre >
< p > This provides complete control over view introspection.< / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > Instantiate < code > ManualSchema< / code > on your view, providing the Core API < code > Fields< / code > for
the view explicitly:< / p >
< pre > < code > from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.schemas import ManualSchema
class CustomView(APIView):
...
schema = ManualSchema(fields=[
coreapi.Field(
"first_field",
required=True,
location="path",
schema=coreschema.String()
),
coreapi.Field(
"second_field",
required=True,
location="path",
schema=coreschema.String()
),
])
< / code > < / pre >
< p > This allows manually specifying the schema for some views whilst maintaining
automatic generation elsewhere.< / p >
< / li >
< / ul >
< p > You may disable schema generation for a view by setting < code > schema< / code > to < code > None< / code > :< / p >
< pre > < code > class CustomView(APIView):
...
schema = None # Will not appear in schema
< / code > < / pre >
< hr / >
< p > < strong > Note< / strong > : For full details on < code > SchemaGenerator< / code > plus the < code > AutoSchema< / code > and
< code > ManualSchema< / code > descriptors see the < a href = "#api-reference" > API Reference below< / a > .< / p >
< hr / >
< h1 id = "adding-a-schema-view" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#adding-a-schema-view" > Adding a schema view< / a > < / h1 >
< p > There are a few different ways to add a schema view to your API, depending on
exactly what you need.< / p >
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< h2 id = "the-get_schema_view-shortcut" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#the-get_schema_view-shortcut" > The get_schema_view shortcut< / a > < / h2 >
< p > The simplest way to include a schema in your project is to use the
< code > get_schema_view()< / code > function.< / p >
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< pre > < code > from rest_framework.schemas import get_schema_view
schema_view = get_schema_view(title="Server Monitoring API")
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urlpatterns = [
url('^$', schema_view),
...
]
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< / code > < / pre >
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< p > Once the view has been added, you'll be able to make API requests to retrieve
the auto-generated schema definition.< / p >
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< pre > < code > $ http http://127.0.0.1:8000/ Accept:application/coreapi+json
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HTTP/1.0 200 OK
Allow: GET, HEAD, OPTIONS
Content-Type: application/vnd.coreapi+json
{
"_meta": {
"title": "Server Monitoring API"
},
"_type": "document",
...
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > The arguments to < code > get_schema_view()< / code > are:< / p >
< h4 id = "title" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#title" > < code > title< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > May be used to provide a descriptive title for the schema definition.< / p >
< h4 id = "url" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#url" > < code > url< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > May be used to pass a canonical URL for the schema.< / p >
< pre > < code > schema_view = get_schema_view(
title='Server Monitoring API',
url='https://www.example.org/api/'
)
< / code > < / pre >
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< h4 id = "urlconf" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#urlconf" > < code > urlconf< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > A string representing the import path to the URL conf that you want
to generate an API schema for. This defaults to the value of Django's
ROOT_URLCONF setting.< / p >
< pre > < code > schema_view = get_schema_view(
title='Server Monitoring API',
url='https://www.example.org/api/',
urlconf='myproject.urls'
)
< / code > < / pre >
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< h4 id = "renderer_classes" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#renderer_classes" > < code > renderer_classes< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > May be used to pass the set of renderer classes that can be used to render the API root endpoint.< / p >
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< pre > < code > from rest_framework.schemas import get_schema_view
from rest_framework.renderers import CoreJSONRenderer
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from my_custom_package import APIBlueprintRenderer
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schema_view = get_schema_view(
title='Server Monitoring API',
url='https://www.example.org/api/',
renderer_classes=[CoreJSONRenderer, APIBlueprintRenderer]
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)
< / code > < / pre >
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< h4 id = "patterns" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#patterns" > < code > patterns< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > List of url patterns to limit the schema introspection to. If you only want the < code > myproject.api< / code > urls
to be exposed in the schema:< / p >
< pre > < code > schema_url_patterns = [
url(r'^api/', include('myproject.api.urls')),
]
schema_view = get_schema_view(
title='Server Monitoring API',
url='https://www.example.org/api/',
patterns=schema_url_patterns,
)
< / code > < / pre >
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< h4 id = "generator_class" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#generator_class" > < code > generator_class< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > May be used to specify a < code > SchemaGenerator< / code > subclass to be passed to the
< code > SchemaView< / code > .< / p >
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< h4 id = "authentication_classes" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#authentication_classes" > < code > authentication_classes< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > May be used to specify the list of authentication classes that will apply to the schema endpoint.
Defaults to < code > settings.DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES< / code > < / p >
< h4 id = "permission_classes" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#permission_classes" > < code > permission_classes< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > May be used to specify the list of permission classes that will apply to the schema endpoint.
Defaults to < code > settings.DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES< / code > < / p >
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< h2 id = "using-an-explicit-schema-view" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#using-an-explicit-schema-view" > Using an explicit schema view< / a > < / h2 >
< p > If you need a little more control than the < code > get_schema_view()< / code > shortcut gives you,
then you can use the < code > SchemaGenerator< / code > class directly to auto-generate the
< code > Document< / code > instance, and to return that from a view.< / p >
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< p > This option gives you the flexibility of setting up the schema endpoint
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with whatever behaviour you want. For example, you can apply different
permission, throttling, or authentication policies to the schema endpoint.< / p >
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< p > Here's an example of using < code > SchemaGenerator< / code > together with a view to
return the schema.< / p >
< p > < strong > views.py:< / strong > < / p >
< pre > < code > from rest_framework.decorators import api_view, renderer_classes
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from rest_framework import renderers, response, schemas
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generator = schemas.SchemaGenerator(title='Bookings API')
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@api_view()
@renderer_classes([renderers.CoreJSONRenderer])
def schema_view(request):
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schema = generator.get_schema(request)
return response.Response(schema)
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< / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > urls.py:< / strong > < / p >
< pre > < code > urlpatterns = [
url('/', schema_view),
...
]
< / code > < / pre >
< p > You can also serve different schemas to different users, depending on the
permissions they have available. This approach can be used to ensure that
unauthenticated requests are presented with a different schema to
authenticated requests, or to ensure that different parts of the API are
made visible to different users depending on their role.< / p >
< p > In order to present a schema with endpoints filtered by user permissions,
you need to pass the < code > request< / code > argument to the < code > get_schema()< / code > method, like so:< / p >
< pre > < code > @api_view()
@renderer_classes([renderers.CoreJSONRenderer])
def schema_view(request):
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generator = schemas.SchemaGenerator(title='Bookings API')
return response.Response(generator.get_schema(request=request))
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< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "explicit-schema-definition" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#explicit-schema-definition" > Explicit schema definition< / a > < / h2 >
< p > An alternative to the auto-generated approach is to specify the API schema
explicitly, by declaring a < code > Document< / code > object in your codebase. Doing so is a
little more work, but ensures that you have full control over the schema
representation.< / p >
< pre > < code > import coreapi
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view, renderer_classes
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from rest_framework import renderers, response
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schema = coreapi.Document(
title='Bookings API',
content={
...
}
)
@api_view()
@renderer_classes([renderers.CoreJSONRenderer])
def schema_view(request):
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return response.Response(schema)
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< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "static-schema-file" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#static-schema-file" > Static schema file< / a > < / h2 >
< p > A final option is to write your API schema as a static file, using one
of the available formats, such as Core JSON or Open API.< / p >
< p > You could then either:< / p >
< ul >
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< li > Write a schema definition as a static file, and < a href = "https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/howto/static-files/" > serve the static file directly< / a > .< / li >
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< li > Write a schema definition that is loaded using < code > Core API< / code > , and then
rendered to one of many available formats, depending on the client request.< / li >
< / ul >
< hr / >
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< h1 id = "schemas-as-documentation" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#schemas-as-documentation" > Schemas as documentation< / a > < / h1 >
< p > One common usage of API schemas is to use them to build documentation pages.< / p >
< p > The schema generation in REST framework uses docstrings to automatically
populate descriptions in the schema document.< / p >
< p > These descriptions will be based on:< / p >
< ul >
< li > The corresponding method docstring if one exists.< / li >
< li > A named section within the class docstring, which can be either single line or multi-line.< / li >
< li > The class docstring.< / li >
< / ul >
< h2 id = "examples" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#examples" > Examples< / a > < / h2 >
< p > An < code > APIView< / code > , with an explicit method docstring.< / p >
< pre > < code > class ListUsernames(APIView):
def get(self, request):
"""
Return a list of all user names in the system.
"""
usernames = [user.username for user in User.objects.all()]
return Response(usernames)
< / code > < / pre >
< p > A < code > ViewSet< / code > , with an explict action docstring.< / p >
< pre > < code > class ListUsernames(ViewSet):
def list(self, request):
"""
Return a list of all user names in the system.
"""
usernames = [user.username for user in User.objects.all()]
return Response(usernames)
< / code > < / pre >
< p > A generic view with sections in the class docstring, using single-line style.< / p >
< pre > < code > class UserList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
"""
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get: List all the users.
post: Create a new user.
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"""
queryset = User.objects.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
permission_classes = (IsAdminUser,)
< / code > < / pre >
< p > A generic viewset with sections in the class docstring, using multi-line style.< / p >
< pre > < code > class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
"""
API endpoint that allows users to be viewed or edited.
retrieve:
Return a user instance.
list:
Return all users, ordered by most recently joined.
"""
queryset = User.objects.all().order_by('-date_joined')
serializer_class = UserSerializer
< / code > < / pre >
< hr / >
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< h1 id = "api-reference" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#api-reference" > API Reference< / a > < / h1 >
< h2 id = "schemagenerator" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#schemagenerator" > SchemaGenerator< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > A class that walks a list of routed URL patterns, requests the schema for each view,
and collates the resulting CoreAPI Document.< / p >
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< p > Typically you'll instantiate < code > SchemaGenerator< / code > with a single argument, like so:< / p >
< pre > < code > generator = SchemaGenerator(title='Stock Prices API')
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Arguments:< / p >
< ul >
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< li > < code > title< / code > < strong > required< / strong > - The name of the API.< / li >
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< li > < code > url< / code > - The root URL of the API schema. This option is not required unless the schema is included under path prefix.< / li >
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< li > < code > patterns< / code > - A list of URLs to inspect when generating the schema. Defaults to the project's URL conf.< / li >
< li > < code > urlconf< / code > - A URL conf module name to use when generating the schema. Defaults to < code > settings.ROOT_URLCONF< / code > .< / li >
< / ul >
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< h3 id = "get_schemaself-request" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_schemaself-request" > get_schema(self, request)< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Returns a < code > coreapi.Document< / code > instance that represents the API schema.< / p >
< pre > < code > @api_view
@renderer_classes([renderers.CoreJSONRenderer])
def schema_view(request):
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generator = schemas.SchemaGenerator(title='Bookings API')
return Response(generator.get_schema())
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< / code > < / pre >
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< p > The < code > request< / code > argument is optional, and may be used if you want to apply per-user
permissions to the resulting schema generation.< / p >
< h3 id = "get_linksself-request" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_linksself-request" > get_links(self, request)< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Return a nested dictionary containing all the links that should be included in the API schema.< / p >
< p > This is a good point to override if you want to modify the resulting structure of the generated schema,
as you can build a new dictionary with a different layout.< / p >
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< h2 id = "autoschema" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#autoschema" > AutoSchema< / a > < / h2 >
< p > A class that deals with introspection of individual views for schema generation.< / p >
< p > < code > AutoSchema< / code > is attached to < code > APIView< / code > via the < code > schema< / code > attribute.< / p >
< p > The < code > AutoSchema< / code > constructor takes a single keyword argument < code > manual_fields< / code > .< / p >
< p > < strong > < code > manual_fields< / code > < / strong > : a < code > list< / code > of < code > coreapi.Field< / code > instances that will be added to
the generated fields. Generated fields with a matching < code > name< / code > will be overwritten.< / p >
< pre > < code > class CustomView(APIView):
schema = AutoSchema(manual_fields=[
coreapi.Field(
"my_extra_field",
required=True,
location="path",
schema=coreschema.String()
),
])
< / code > < / pre >
< p > For more advanced customisation subclass < code > AutoSchema< / code > to customise schema generation.< / p >
< pre > < code > class CustomViewSchema(AutoSchema):
"""
Overrides `get_link()` to provide Custom Behavior X
"""
def get_link(self, path, method, base_url):
link = super().get_link(path, method, base_url)
# Do something to customize link here...
return link
class MyView(APIView):
schema = CustomViewSchema()
< / code > < / pre >
< p > The following methods are available to override.< / p >
< h3 id = "get_linkself-path-method-base_url" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_linkself-path-method-base_url" > get_link(self, path, method, base_url)< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Returns a < code > coreapi.Link< / code > instance corresponding to the given view.< / p >
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< p > This is the main entry point.
You can override this if you need to provide custom behaviors for particular views.< / p >
< h3 id = "get_descriptionself-path-method" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_descriptionself-path-method" > get_description(self, path, method)< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Returns a string to use as the link description. By default this is based on the
view docstring as described in the "Schemas as Documentation" section above.< / p >
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< h3 id = "get_encodingself-path-method" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_encodingself-path-method" > get_encoding(self, path, method)< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Returns a string to indicate the encoding for any request body, when interacting
with the given view. Eg. < code > 'application/json'< / code > . May return a blank string for views
that do not expect a request body.< / p >
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< h3 id = "get_path_fieldsself-path-method" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_path_fieldsself-path-method" > get_path_fields(self, path, method):< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Return a list of < code > coreapi.Link()< / code > instances. One for each path parameter in the URL.< / p >
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< h3 id = "get_serializer_fieldsself-path-method" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_serializer_fieldsself-path-method" > get_serializer_fields(self, path, method)< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Return a list of < code > coreapi.Link()< / code > instances. One for each field in the serializer class used by the view.< / p >
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< h3 id = "get_pagination_fieldsself-path-method" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_pagination_fieldsself-path-method" > get_pagination_fields(self, path, method)< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Return a list of < code > coreapi.Link()< / code > instances, as returned by the < code > get_schema_fields()< / code > method on any pagination class used by the view.< / p >
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< h3 id = "get_filter_fieldsself-path-method" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_filter_fieldsself-path-method" > get_filter_fields(self, path, method)< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Return a list of < code > coreapi.Link()< / code > instances, as returned by the < code > get_schema_fields()< / code > method of any filter classes used by the view.< / p >
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< h3 id = "get_manual_fieldsself-path-method" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#get_manual_fieldsself-path-method" > get_manual_fields(self, path, method)< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Return a list of < code > coreapi.Field()< / code > instances to be added to or replace generated fields. Defaults to (optional) < code > manual_fields< / code > passed to < code > AutoSchema< / code > constructor.< / p >
< p > May be overridden to customise manual fields by < code > path< / code > or < code > method< / code > . For example, a per-method adjustment may look like this:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "python" > def get_manual_fields(self, path, method):
" " " Example adding per-method fields." " "
extra_fields = []
if method=='GET':
extra_fields = # ... list of extra fields for GET ...
if method=='POST':
extra_fields = # ... list of extra fields for POST ...
manual_fields = super().get_manual_fields()
return manual_fields + extra_fields
< / code > < / pre >
< h3 id = "update_fieldsfields-update_with" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#update_fieldsfields-update_with" > update_fields(fields, update_with)< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Utility < code > staticmethod< / code > . Encapsulates logic to add or replace fields from a list
by < code > Field.name< / code > . May be overridden to adjust replacement criteria.< / p >
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< h2 id = "manualschema" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#manualschema" > ManualSchema< / a > < / h2 >
< p > Allows manually providing a list of < code > coreapi.Field< / code > instances for the schema,
plus an optional description.< / p >
< pre > < code > class MyView(APIView):
schema = ManualSchema(fields=[
coreapi.Field(
"first_field",
required=True,
location="path",
schema=coreschema.String()
),
coreapi.Field(
"second_field",
required=True,
location="path",
schema=coreschema.String()
),
]
)
< / code > < / pre >
< p > The < code > ManualSchema< / code > constructor takes two arguments:< / p >
< p > < strong > < code > fields< / code > < / strong > : A list of < code > coreapi.Field< / code > instances. Required.< / p >
< p > < strong > < code > description< / code > < / strong > : A string description. Optional.< / p >
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< hr / >
< h2 id = "core-api" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#core-api" > Core API< / a > < / h2 >
< p > This documentation gives a brief overview of the components within the < code > coreapi< / code >
package that are used to represent an API schema.< / p >
< p > Note that these classes are imported from the < code > coreapi< / code > package, rather than
from the < code > rest_framework< / code > package.< / p >
< h3 id = "document" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#document" > Document< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Represents a container for the API schema.< / p >
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< h4 id = "title_1" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#title_1" > < code > title< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
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< p > A name for the API.< / p >
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< h4 id = "url_1" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#url_1" > < code > url< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
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< p > A canonical URL for the API.< / p >
< h4 id = "content" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#content" > < code > content< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > A dictionary, containing the < code > Link< / code > objects that the schema contains.< / p >
< p > In order to provide more structure to the schema, the < code > content< / code > dictionary
may be nested, typically to a second level. For example:< / p >
< pre > < code > content={
"bookings": {
"list": Link(...),
"create": Link(...),
...
},
"venues": {
"list": Link(...),
...
},
...
}
< / code > < / pre >
< h3 id = "link" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#link" > Link< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Represents an individual API endpoint.< / p >
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< h4 id = "url_2" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#url_2" > < code > url< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
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< p > The URL of the endpoint. May be a URI template, such as < code > /users/{username}/< / code > .< / p >
< h4 id = "action" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#action" > < code > action< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > The HTTP method associated with the endpoint. Note that URLs that support
more than one HTTP method, should correspond to a single < code > Link< / code > for each.< / p >
< h4 id = "fields" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#fields" > < code > fields< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > A list of < code > Field< / code > instances, describing the available parameters on the input.< / p >
< h4 id = "description" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#description" > < code > description< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > A short description of the meaning and intended usage of the endpoint.< / p >
< h3 id = "field" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#field" > Field< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Represents a single input parameter on a given API endpoint.< / p >
< h4 id = "name" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#name" > < code > name< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > A descriptive name for the input.< / p >
< h4 id = "required" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#required" > < code > required< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > A boolean, indicated if the client is required to included a value, or if
the parameter can be omitted.< / p >
< h4 id = "location" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#location" > < code > location< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > Determines how the information is encoded into the request. Should be one of
the following strings:< / p >
< p > < strong > "path"< / strong > < / p >
< p > Included in a templated URI. For example a < code > url< / code > value of < code > /products/{product_code}/< / code > could be used together with a < code > "path"< / code > field, to handle API inputs in a URL path such as < code > /products/slim-fit-jeans/< / code > .< / p >
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< p > These fields will normally correspond with < a href = "https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/topics/http/urls/#named-groups" > named arguments in the project URL conf< / a > .< / p >
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< p > < strong > "query"< / strong > < / p >
< p > Included as a URL query parameter. For example < code > ?search=sale< / code > . Typically for < code > GET< / code > requests.< / p >
< p > These fields will normally correspond with pagination and filtering controls on a view.< / p >
< p > < strong > "form"< / strong > < / p >
< p > Included in the request body, as a single item of a JSON object or HTML form. For example < code > {"colour": "blue", ...}< / code > . Typically for < code > POST< / code > , < code > PUT< / code > and < code > PATCH< / code > requests. Multiple < code > "form"< / code > fields may be included on a single link.< / p >
< p > These fields will normally correspond with serializer fields on a view.< / p >
< p > < strong > "body"< / strong > < / p >
< p > Included as the complete request body. Typically for < code > POST< / code > , < code > PUT< / code > and < code > PATCH< / code > requests. No more than one < code > "body"< / code > field may exist on a link. May not be used together with < code > "form"< / code > fields.< / p >
< p > These fields will normally correspond with views that use < code > ListSerializer< / code > to validate the request input, or with file upload views.< / p >
< h4 id = "encoding" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#encoding" > < code > encoding< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > < strong > "application/json"< / strong > < / p >
< p > JSON encoded request content. Corresponds to views using < code > JSONParser< / code > .
Valid only if either one or more < code > location="form"< / code > fields, or a single
< code > location="body"< / code > field is included on the < code > Link< / code > .< / p >
< p > < strong > "multipart/form-data"< / strong > < / p >
< p > Multipart encoded request content. Corresponds to views using < code > MultiPartParser< / code > .
Valid only if one or more < code > location="form"< / code > fields is included on the < code > Link< / code > .< / p >
< p > < strong > "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"< / strong > < / p >
< p > URL encoded request content. Corresponds to views using < code > FormParser< / code > . Valid
only if one or more < code > location="form"< / code > fields is included on the < code > Link< / code > .< / p >
< p > < strong > "application/octet-stream"< / strong > < / p >
< p > Binary upload request content. Corresponds to views using < code > FileUploadParser< / code > .
Valid only if a < code > location="body"< / code > field is included on the < code > Link< / code > .< / p >
< h4 id = "description_1" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#description_1" > < code > description< / code > < / a > < / h4 >
< p > A short description of the meaning and intended usage of the input field.< / p >
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< hr / >
< h1 id = "third-party-packages" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#third-party-packages" > Third party packages< / a > < / h1 >
< h2 id = "drf-openapi" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#drf-openapi" > DRF OpenAPI< / a > < / h2 >
< p > < a href = "https://github.com/limdauto/drf_openapi" > DRF OpenAPI< / a > renders the schema generated by Django Rest Framework
in < a href = "https://openapis.org/" > OpenAPI< / a > format.< / p >
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