django-rest-framework/tests/test_model_serializer.py

"""
The `ModelSerializer` and `HyperlinkedModelSerializer` classes are essentially
shortcuts for automatically creating serializers based on a given model class.

These tests deal with ensuring that we correctly map the model fields onto
an appropriate set of serializer fields for each case.
"""
from __future__ import unicode_literals

import datetime
import decimal
import sys
from collections import OrderedDict

import django
import pytest
from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
from django.core.validators import (
    MaxValueValidator, MinLengthValidator, MinValueValidator
)
from django.db import models
from django.test import TestCase
from django.utils import six

from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.compat import postgres_fields, unicode_repr

from .models import NestedForeignKeySource


def dedent(blocktext):
    return '\n'.join([line[12:] for line in blocktext.splitlines()[1:-1]])


# Tests for regular field mappings.
# ---------------------------------

class CustomField(models.Field):
    """
    A custom model field simply for testing purposes.
    """
    pass


class OneFieldModel(models.Model):
    char_field = models.CharField(max_length=100)


class RegularFieldsModel(models.Model):
    """
    A model class for testing regular flat fields.
    """
    auto_field = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    big_integer_field = models.BigIntegerField()
    boolean_field = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    char_field = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    comma_separated_integer_field = models.CommaSeparatedIntegerField(max_length=100)
    date_field = models.DateField()
    datetime_field = models.DateTimeField()
    decimal_field = models.DecimalField(max_digits=3, decimal_places=1)
    email_field = models.EmailField(max_length=100)
    float_field = models.FloatField()
    integer_field = models.IntegerField()
    null_boolean_field = models.NullBooleanField()
    positive_integer_field = models.PositiveIntegerField()
    positive_small_integer_field = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()
    slug_field = models.SlugField(max_length=100)
    small_integer_field = models.SmallIntegerField()
    text_field = models.TextField(max_length=100)
    file_field = models.FileField(max_length=100)
    time_field = models.TimeField()
    url_field = models.URLField(max_length=100)
    custom_field = CustomField()
    file_path_field = models.FilePathField(path='/tmp/')

    def method(self):
        return 'method'


COLOR_CHOICES = (('red', 'Red'), ('blue', 'Blue'), ('green', 'Green'))
DECIMAL_CHOICES = (('low', decimal.Decimal('0.1')), ('medium', decimal.Decimal('0.5')), ('high', decimal.Decimal('0.9')))


class FieldOptionsModel(models.Model):
    value_limit_field = models.IntegerField(validators=[MinValueValidator(1), MaxValueValidator(10)])
    length_limit_field = models.CharField(validators=[MinLengthValidator(3)], max_length=12)
    blank_field = models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=10)
    null_field = models.IntegerField(null=True)
    default_field = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    descriptive_field = models.IntegerField(help_text='Some help text', verbose_name='A label')
    choices_field = models.CharField(max_length=100, choices=COLOR_CHOICES)


class ChoicesModel(models.Model):
    choices_field_with_nonstandard_args = models.DecimalField(max_digits=3, decimal_places=1, choices=DECIMAL_CHOICES, verbose_name='A label')


class Issue3674ParentModel(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=64)


class Issue3674ChildModel(models.Model):
    parent = models.ForeignKey(Issue3674ParentModel, related_name='children', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    value = models.CharField(primary_key=True, max_length=64)


class UniqueChoiceModel(models.Model):
    CHOICES = (
        ('choice1', 'choice 1'),
        ('choice2', 'choice 1'),
    )

    name = models.CharField(max_length=254, unique=True, choices=CHOICES)


class TestModelSerializer(TestCase):
    def test_create_method(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            non_model_field = serializers.CharField()

            class Meta:
                model = OneFieldModel
                fields = ('char_field', 'non_model_field')

        serializer = TestSerializer(data={
            'char_field': 'foo',
            'non_model_field': 'bar',
        })
        serializer.is_valid()

        msginitial = 'Got a `TypeError` when calling `OneFieldModel.objects.create()`.'
        with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msginitial):
            serializer.save()

    def test_abstract_model(self):
        """
        Test that trying to use ModelSerializer with Abstract Models
        throws a ValueError exception.
        """
        class AbstractModel(models.Model):
            afield = models.CharField(max_length=255)

            class Meta:
                abstract = True

        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = AbstractModel
                fields = ('afield',)

        serializer = TestSerializer(data={
            'afield': 'foo',
        })

        msginitial = 'Cannot use ModelSerializer with Abstract Models.'
        with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msginitial):
            serializer.is_valid()


class TestRegularFieldMappings(TestCase):
    def test_regular_fields(self):
        """
        Model fields should map to their equivalent serializer fields.
        """
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RegularFieldsModel
                fields = '__all__'

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                auto_field = IntegerField(read_only=True)
                big_integer_field = IntegerField()
                boolean_field = BooleanField(required=False)
                char_field = CharField(max_length=100)
                comma_separated_integer_field = CharField(max_length=100, validators=[<django.core.validators.RegexValidator object>])
                date_field = DateField()
                datetime_field = DateTimeField()
                decimal_field = DecimalField(decimal_places=1, max_digits=3)
                email_field = EmailField(max_length=100)
                float_field = FloatField()
                integer_field = IntegerField()
                null_boolean_field = NullBooleanField(required=False)
                positive_integer_field = IntegerField()
                positive_small_integer_field = IntegerField()
                slug_field = SlugField(max_length=100)
                small_integer_field = IntegerField()
                text_field = CharField(max_length=100, style={'base_template': 'textarea.html'})
                file_field = FileField(max_length=100)
                time_field = TimeField()
                url_field = URLField(max_length=100)
                custom_field = ModelField(model_field=<tests.test_model_serializer.CustomField: custom_field>)
                file_path_field = FilePathField(path='/tmp/')
        """)

        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_field_options(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = FieldOptionsModel
                fields = '__all__'

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                value_limit_field = IntegerField(max_value=10, min_value=1)
                length_limit_field = CharField(max_length=12, min_length=3)
                blank_field = CharField(allow_blank=True, max_length=10, required=False)
                null_field = IntegerField(allow_null=True, required=False)
                default_field = IntegerField(required=False)
                descriptive_field = IntegerField(help_text='Some help text', label='A label')
                choices_field = ChoiceField(choices=(('red', 'Red'), ('blue', 'Blue'), ('green', 'Green')))
        """)
        if six.PY2:
            # This particular case is too awkward to resolve fully across
            # both py2 and py3.
            expected = expected.replace(
                "('red', 'Red'), ('blue', 'Blue'), ('green', 'Green')",
                "(u'red', u'Red'), (u'blue', u'Blue'), (u'green', u'Green')"
            )
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    # merge this into test_regular_fields / RegularFieldsModel when
    # Django 2.1 is the minimum supported version
    @pytest.mark.skipif(django.VERSION < (2, 1), reason='Django version < 2.1')
    def test_nullable_boolean_field(self):
        class NullableBooleanModel(models.Model):
            field = models.BooleanField(null=True, default=False)

        class NullableBooleanSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = NullableBooleanModel
                fields = ['field']

        expected = dedent("""
            NullableBooleanSerializer():
                field = BooleanField(allow_null=True, required=False)
        """)

        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(NullableBooleanSerializer()), expected)

    def test_method_field(self):
        """
        Properties and methods on the model should be allowed as `Meta.fields`
        values, and should map to `ReadOnlyField`.
        """
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RegularFieldsModel
                fields = ('auto_field', 'method')

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                auto_field = IntegerField(read_only=True)
                method = ReadOnlyField()
        """)
        self.assertEqual(repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_pk_fields(self):
        """
        Both `pk` and the actual primary key name are valid in `Meta.fields`.
        """
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RegularFieldsModel
                fields = ('pk', 'auto_field')

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                pk = IntegerField(label='Auto field', read_only=True)
                auto_field = IntegerField(read_only=True)
        """)
        self.assertEqual(repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_extra_field_kwargs(self):
        """
        Ensure `extra_kwargs` are passed to generated fields.
        """
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RegularFieldsModel
                fields = ('auto_field', 'char_field')
                extra_kwargs = {'char_field': {'default': 'extra'}}

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                auto_field = IntegerField(read_only=True)
                char_field = CharField(default='extra', max_length=100)
        """)
        self.assertEqual(repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_extra_field_kwargs_required(self):
        """
        Ensure `extra_kwargs` are passed to generated fields.
        """
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RegularFieldsModel
                fields = ('auto_field', 'char_field')
                extra_kwargs = {'auto_field': {'required': False, 'read_only': False}}

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                auto_field = IntegerField(read_only=False, required=False)
                char_field = CharField(max_length=100)
        """)
        self.assertEqual(repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_invalid_field(self):
        """
        Field names that do not map to a model field or relationship should
        raise a configuration errror.
        """
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RegularFieldsModel
                fields = ('auto_field', 'invalid')

        expected = 'Field name `invalid` is not valid for model `RegularFieldsModel`.'
        with self.assertRaisesMessage(ImproperlyConfigured, expected):
            TestSerializer().fields

    def test_missing_field(self):
        """
        Fields that have been declared on the serializer class must be included
        in the `Meta.fields` if it exists.
        """
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            missing = serializers.ReadOnlyField()

            class Meta:
                model = RegularFieldsModel
                fields = ('auto_field',)

        expected = (
            "The field 'missing' was declared on serializer TestSerializer, "
            "but has not been included in the 'fields' option."
        )
        with self.assertRaisesMessage(AssertionError, expected):
            TestSerializer().fields

    def test_missing_superclass_field(self):
        """
        Fields that have been declared on a parent of the serializer class may
        be excluded from the `Meta.fields` option.
        """
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            missing = serializers.ReadOnlyField()

        class ChildSerializer(TestSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RegularFieldsModel
                fields = ('auto_field',)

        ChildSerializer().fields

    def test_choices_with_nonstandard_args(self):
        class ExampleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = ChoicesModel
                fields = '__all__'

        ExampleSerializer()


class TestDurationFieldMapping(TestCase):
    def test_duration_field(self):
        class DurationFieldModel(models.Model):
            """
            A model that defines DurationField.
            """
            duration_field = models.DurationField()

        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = DurationFieldModel
                fields = '__all__'

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                duration_field = DurationField()
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_duration_field_with_validators(self):
        class ValidatedDurationFieldModel(models.Model):
            """
            A model that defines DurationField with validators.
            """
            duration_field = models.DurationField(
                validators=[MinValueValidator(datetime.timedelta(days=1)), MaxValueValidator(datetime.timedelta(days=3))]
            )

        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = ValidatedDurationFieldModel
                fields = '__all__'

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                duration_field = DurationField(max_value=datetime.timedelta(3), min_value=datetime.timedelta(1))
        """) if sys.version_info < (3, 7) else dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                duration_field = DurationField(max_value=datetime.timedelta(days=3), min_value=datetime.timedelta(days=1))
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)


class TestGenericIPAddressFieldValidation(TestCase):
    def test_ip_address_validation(self):
        class IPAddressFieldModel(models.Model):
            address = models.GenericIPAddressField()

        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = IPAddressFieldModel
                fields = '__all__'

        s = TestSerializer(data={'address': 'not an ip address'})
        self.assertFalse(s.is_valid())
        self.assertEqual(1, len(s.errors['address']),
                         'Unexpected number of validation errors: '
                         '{0}'.format(s.errors))


@pytest.mark.skipif('not postgres_fields')
class TestPosgresFieldsMapping(TestCase):
    def test_hstore_field(self):
        class HStoreFieldModel(models.Model):
            hstore_field = postgres_fields.HStoreField()

        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = HStoreFieldModel
                fields = ['hstore_field']

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                hstore_field = HStoreField()
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_array_field(self):
        class ArrayFieldModel(models.Model):
            array_field = postgres_fields.ArrayField(base_field=models.CharField())

        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = ArrayFieldModel
                fields = ['array_field']

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                array_field = ListField(child=CharField(label='Array field', validators=[<django.core.validators.MaxLengthValidator object>]))
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_json_field(self):
        class JSONFieldModel(models.Model):
            json_field = postgres_fields.JSONField()

        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = JSONFieldModel
                fields = ['json_field']

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                json_field = JSONField(style={'base_template': 'textarea.html'})
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)


# Tests for relational field mappings.
# ------------------------------------

class ForeignKeyTargetModel(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)


class ManyToManyTargetModel(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)


class OneToOneTargetModel(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)


class ThroughTargetModel(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)


class Supplementary(models.Model):
    extra = models.IntegerField()
    forwards = models.ForeignKey('ThroughTargetModel', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    backwards = models.ForeignKey('RelationalModel', on_delete=models.CASCADE)


class RelationalModel(models.Model):
    foreign_key = models.ForeignKey(ForeignKeyTargetModel, related_name='reverse_foreign_key', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    many_to_many = models.ManyToManyField(ManyToManyTargetModel, related_name='reverse_many_to_many')
    one_to_one = models.OneToOneField(OneToOneTargetModel, related_name='reverse_one_to_one', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    through = models.ManyToManyField(ThroughTargetModel, through=Supplementary, related_name='reverse_through')


class UniqueTogetherModel(models.Model):
    foreign_key = models.ForeignKey(ForeignKeyTargetModel, related_name='unique_foreign_key', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    one_to_one = models.OneToOneField(OneToOneTargetModel, related_name='unique_one_to_one', on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ("foreign_key", "one_to_one")


class TestRelationalFieldMappings(TestCase):
    def test_pk_relations(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RelationalModel
                fields = '__all__'

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                foreign_key = PrimaryKeyRelatedField(queryset=ForeignKeyTargetModel.objects.all())
                one_to_one = PrimaryKeyRelatedField(queryset=OneToOneTargetModel.objects.all(), validators=[<UniqueValidator(queryset=RelationalModel.objects.all())>])
                many_to_many = PrimaryKeyRelatedField(allow_empty=False, many=True, queryset=ManyToManyTargetModel.objects.all())
                through = PrimaryKeyRelatedField(many=True, read_only=True)
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_nested_relations(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RelationalModel
                depth = 1
                fields = '__all__'

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                foreign_key = NestedSerializer(read_only=True):
                    id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
                one_to_one = NestedSerializer(read_only=True):
                    id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
                many_to_many = NestedSerializer(many=True, read_only=True):
                    id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
                through = NestedSerializer(many=True, read_only=True):
                    id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_hyperlinked_relations(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RelationalModel
                fields = '__all__'

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='relationalmodel-detail')
                foreign_key = HyperlinkedRelatedField(queryset=ForeignKeyTargetModel.objects.all(), view_name='foreignkeytargetmodel-detail')
                one_to_one = HyperlinkedRelatedField(queryset=OneToOneTargetModel.objects.all(), validators=[<UniqueValidator(queryset=RelationalModel.objects.all())>], view_name='onetoonetargetmodel-detail')
                many_to_many = HyperlinkedRelatedField(allow_empty=False, many=True, queryset=ManyToManyTargetModel.objects.all(), view_name='manytomanytargetmodel-detail')
                through = HyperlinkedRelatedField(many=True, read_only=True, view_name='throughtargetmodel-detail')
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_nested_hyperlinked_relations(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RelationalModel
                depth = 1
                fields = '__all__'

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='relationalmodel-detail')
                foreign_key = NestedSerializer(read_only=True):
                    url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='foreignkeytargetmodel-detail')
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
                one_to_one = NestedSerializer(read_only=True):
                    url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='onetoonetargetmodel-detail')
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
                many_to_many = NestedSerializer(many=True, read_only=True):
                    url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='manytomanytargetmodel-detail')
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
                through = NestedSerializer(many=True, read_only=True):
                    url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='throughtargetmodel-detail')
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_nested_hyperlinked_relations_starred_source(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RelationalModel
                depth = 1
                fields = '__all__'

                extra_kwargs = {
                    'url': {
                        'source': '*',
                    }}

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(source='*', view_name='relationalmodel-detail')
                foreign_key = NestedSerializer(read_only=True):
                    url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='foreignkeytargetmodel-detail')
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
                one_to_one = NestedSerializer(read_only=True):
                    url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='onetoonetargetmodel-detail')
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
                many_to_many = NestedSerializer(many=True, read_only=True):
                    url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='manytomanytargetmodel-detail')
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
                through = NestedSerializer(many=True, read_only=True):
                    url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='throughtargetmodel-detail')
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
        """)
        self.maxDiff = None
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_nested_unique_together_relations(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = UniqueTogetherModel
                depth = 1
                fields = '__all__'

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='uniquetogethermodel-detail')
                foreign_key = NestedSerializer(read_only=True):
                    url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='foreignkeytargetmodel-detail')
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
                one_to_one = NestedSerializer(read_only=True):
                    url = HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='onetoonetargetmodel-detail')
                    name = CharField(max_length=100)
        """)
        if six.PY2:
            # This case is also too awkward to resolve fully across both py2
            # and py3.  (See above)
            expected = expected.replace(
                "('foreign_key', 'one_to_one')",
                "(u'foreign_key', u'one_to_one')"
            )
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_pk_reverse_foreign_key(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = ForeignKeyTargetModel
                fields = ('id', 'name', 'reverse_foreign_key')

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                name = CharField(max_length=100)
                reverse_foreign_key = PrimaryKeyRelatedField(many=True, queryset=RelationalModel.objects.all())
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_pk_reverse_one_to_one(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = OneToOneTargetModel
                fields = ('id', 'name', 'reverse_one_to_one')

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                name = CharField(max_length=100)
                reverse_one_to_one = PrimaryKeyRelatedField(queryset=RelationalModel.objects.all())
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_pk_reverse_many_to_many(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = ManyToManyTargetModel
                fields = ('id', 'name', 'reverse_many_to_many')

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                name = CharField(max_length=100)
                reverse_many_to_many = PrimaryKeyRelatedField(many=True, queryset=RelationalModel.objects.all())
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)

    def test_pk_reverse_through(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = ThroughTargetModel
                fields = ('id', 'name', 'reverse_through')

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                name = CharField(max_length=100)
                reverse_through = PrimaryKeyRelatedField(many=True, read_only=True)
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)


class DisplayValueTargetModel(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s Color' % (self.name)


class DisplayValueModel(models.Model):
    color = models.ForeignKey(DisplayValueTargetModel, on_delete=models.CASCADE)


class TestRelationalFieldDisplayValue(TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        DisplayValueTargetModel.objects.bulk_create([
            DisplayValueTargetModel(name='Red'),
            DisplayValueTargetModel(name='Yellow'),
            DisplayValueTargetModel(name='Green'),
        ])

    def test_default_display_value(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = DisplayValueModel
                fields = '__all__'

        serializer = TestSerializer()
        expected = OrderedDict([(1, 'Red Color'), (2, 'Yellow Color'), (3, 'Green Color')])
        self.assertEqual(serializer.fields['color'].choices, expected)

    def test_custom_display_value(self):
        class TestField(serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField):
            def display_value(self, instance):
                return 'My %s Color' % (instance.name)

        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            color = TestField(queryset=DisplayValueTargetModel.objects.all())

            class Meta:
                model = DisplayValueModel
                fields = '__all__'

        serializer = TestSerializer()
        expected = OrderedDict([(1, 'My Red Color'), (2, 'My Yellow Color'), (3, 'My Green Color')])
        self.assertEqual(serializer.fields['color'].choices, expected)


class TestIntegration(TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.foreign_key_target = ForeignKeyTargetModel.objects.create(
            name='foreign_key'
        )
        self.one_to_one_target = OneToOneTargetModel.objects.create(
            name='one_to_one'
        )
        self.many_to_many_targets = [
            ManyToManyTargetModel.objects.create(
                name='many_to_many (%d)' % idx
            ) for idx in range(3)
        ]
        self.instance = RelationalModel.objects.create(
            foreign_key=self.foreign_key_target,
            one_to_one=self.one_to_one_target,
        )
        self.instance.many_to_many.set(self.many_to_many_targets)

    def test_pk_retrival(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RelationalModel
                fields = '__all__'

        serializer = TestSerializer(self.instance)
        expected = {
            'id': self.instance.pk,
            'foreign_key': self.foreign_key_target.pk,
            'one_to_one': self.one_to_one_target.pk,
            'many_to_many': [item.pk for item in self.many_to_many_targets],
            'through': []
        }
        self.assertEqual(serializer.data, expected)

    def test_pk_create(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RelationalModel
                fields = '__all__'

        new_foreign_key = ForeignKeyTargetModel.objects.create(
            name='foreign_key'
        )
        new_one_to_one = OneToOneTargetModel.objects.create(
            name='one_to_one'
        )
        new_many_to_many = [
            ManyToManyTargetModel.objects.create(
                name='new many_to_many (%d)' % idx
            ) for idx in range(3)
        ]
        data = {
            'foreign_key': new_foreign_key.pk,
            'one_to_one': new_one_to_one.pk,
            'many_to_many': [item.pk for item in new_many_to_many],
        }

        # Serializer should validate okay.
        serializer = TestSerializer(data=data)
        assert serializer.is_valid()

        # Creating the instance, relationship attributes should be set.
        instance = serializer.save()
        assert instance.foreign_key.pk == new_foreign_key.pk
        assert instance.one_to_one.pk == new_one_to_one.pk
        assert [
            item.pk for item in instance.many_to_many.all()
        ] == [
            item.pk for item in new_many_to_many
        ]
        assert list(instance.through.all()) == []

        # Representation should be correct.
        expected = {
            'id': instance.pk,
            'foreign_key': new_foreign_key.pk,
            'one_to_one': new_one_to_one.pk,
            'many_to_many': [item.pk for item in new_many_to_many],
            'through': []
        }
        self.assertEqual(serializer.data, expected)

    def test_pk_update(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = RelationalModel
                fields = '__all__'

        new_foreign_key = ForeignKeyTargetModel.objects.create(
            name='foreign_key'
        )
        new_one_to_one = OneToOneTargetModel.objects.create(
            name='one_to_one'
        )
        new_many_to_many = [
            ManyToManyTargetModel.objects.create(
                name='new many_to_many (%d)' % idx
            ) for idx in range(3)
        ]
        data = {
            'foreign_key': new_foreign_key.pk,
            'one_to_one': new_one_to_one.pk,
            'many_to_many': [item.pk for item in new_many_to_many],
        }

        # Serializer should validate okay.
        serializer = TestSerializer(self.instance, data=data)
        assert serializer.is_valid()

        # Creating the instance, relationship attributes should be set.
        instance = serializer.save()
        assert instance.foreign_key.pk == new_foreign_key.pk
        assert instance.one_to_one.pk == new_one_to_one.pk
        assert [
            item.pk for item in instance.many_to_many.all()
        ] == [
            item.pk for item in new_many_to_many
        ]
        assert list(instance.through.all()) == []

        # Representation should be correct.
        expected = {
            'id': self.instance.pk,
            'foreign_key': new_foreign_key.pk,
            'one_to_one': new_one_to_one.pk,
            'many_to_many': [item.pk for item in new_many_to_many],
            'through': []
        }
        self.assertEqual(serializer.data, expected)


# Tests for bulk create using `ListSerializer`.

class BulkCreateModel(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=10)


class TestBulkCreate(TestCase):
    def test_bulk_create(self):
        class BasicModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = BulkCreateModel
                fields = ('name',)

        class BulkCreateSerializer(serializers.ListSerializer):
            child = BasicModelSerializer()

        data = [{'name': 'a'}, {'name': 'b'}, {'name': 'c'}]
        serializer = BulkCreateSerializer(data=data)
        assert serializer.is_valid()

        # Objects are returned by save().
        instances = serializer.save()
        assert len(instances) == 3
        assert [item.name for item in instances] == ['a', 'b', 'c']

        # Objects have been created in the database.
        assert BulkCreateModel.objects.count() == 3
        assert list(BulkCreateModel.objects.values_list('name', flat=True)) == ['a', 'b', 'c']

        # Serializer returns correct data.
        assert serializer.data == data


class MetaClassTestModel(models.Model):
    text = models.CharField(max_length=100)


class TestSerializerMetaClass(TestCase):
    def test_meta_class_fields_option(self):
        class ExampleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = MetaClassTestModel
                fields = 'text'

        msginitial = "The `fields` option must be a list or tuple"
        with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msginitial):
            ExampleSerializer().fields

    def test_meta_class_exclude_option(self):
        class ExampleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = MetaClassTestModel
                exclude = 'text'

        msginitial = "The `exclude` option must be a list or tuple"
        with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msginitial):
            ExampleSerializer().fields

    def test_meta_class_fields_and_exclude_options(self):
        class ExampleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = MetaClassTestModel
                fields = ('text',)
                exclude = ('text',)

        msginitial = "Cannot set both 'fields' and 'exclude' options on serializer ExampleSerializer."
        with self.assertRaisesMessage(AssertionError, msginitial):
            ExampleSerializer().fields

    def test_declared_fields_with_exclude_option(self):
        class ExampleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            text = serializers.CharField()

            class Meta:
                model = MetaClassTestModel
                exclude = ('text',)

        expected = (
            "Cannot both declare the field 'text' and include it in the "
            "ExampleSerializer 'exclude' option. Remove the field or, if "
            "inherited from a parent serializer, disable with `text = None`."
        )
        with self.assertRaisesMessage(AssertionError, expected):
            ExampleSerializer().fields


class Issue2704TestCase(TestCase):
    def test_queryset_all(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            additional_attr = serializers.CharField()

            class Meta:
                model = OneFieldModel
                fields = ('char_field', 'additional_attr')

        OneFieldModel.objects.create(char_field='abc')
        qs = OneFieldModel.objects.all()

        for o in qs:
            o.additional_attr = '123'

        serializer = TestSerializer(instance=qs, many=True)

        expected = [{
            'char_field': 'abc',
            'additional_attr': '123',
        }]

        assert serializer.data == expected


class DecimalFieldModel(models.Model):
    decimal_field = models.DecimalField(
        max_digits=3,
        decimal_places=1,
        validators=[MinValueValidator(1), MaxValueValidator(3)]
    )


class TestDecimalFieldMappings(TestCase):
    def test_decimal_field_has_decimal_validator(self):
        """
        Test that a `DecimalField` has no `DecimalValidator`.
        """
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = DecimalFieldModel
                fields = '__all__'

        serializer = TestSerializer()

        assert len(serializer.fields['decimal_field'].validators) == 2

    def test_min_value_is_passed(self):
        """
        Test that the `MinValueValidator` is converted to the `min_value`
        argument for the field.
        """
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = DecimalFieldModel
                fields = '__all__'

        serializer = TestSerializer()

        assert serializer.fields['decimal_field'].min_value == 1

    def test_max_value_is_passed(self):
        """
        Test that the `MaxValueValidator` is converted to the `max_value`
        argument for the field.
        """
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = DecimalFieldModel
                fields = '__all__'

        serializer = TestSerializer()

        assert serializer.fields['decimal_field'].max_value == 3


class TestMetaInheritance(TestCase):
    def test_extra_kwargs_not_altered(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            non_model_field = serializers.CharField()

            class Meta:
                model = OneFieldModel
                read_only_fields = ('char_field', 'non_model_field')
                fields = read_only_fields
                extra_kwargs = {}

        class ChildSerializer(TestSerializer):
            class Meta(TestSerializer.Meta):
                read_only_fields = ()

        test_expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                char_field = CharField(read_only=True)
                non_model_field = CharField()
        """)

        child_expected = dedent("""
            ChildSerializer():
                char_field = CharField(max_length=100)
                non_model_field = CharField()
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(ChildSerializer()), child_expected)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), test_expected)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(ChildSerializer()), child_expected)


class OneToOneTargetTestModel(models.Model):
    text = models.CharField(max_length=100)


class OneToOneSourceTestModel(models.Model):
    target = models.OneToOneField(OneToOneTargetTestModel, primary_key=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE)


class TestModelFieldValues(TestCase):
    def test_model_field(self):
        class ExampleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = OneToOneSourceTestModel
                fields = ('target',)

        target = OneToOneTargetTestModel(id=1, text='abc')
        source = OneToOneSourceTestModel(target=target)
        serializer = ExampleSerializer(source)
        self.assertEqual(serializer.data, {'target': 1})


class TestUniquenessOverride(TestCase):
    def test_required_not_overwritten(self):
        class TestModel(models.Model):
            field_1 = models.IntegerField(null=True)
            field_2 = models.IntegerField()

            class Meta:
                unique_together = (('field_1', 'field_2'),)

        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = TestModel
                fields = '__all__'
                extra_kwargs = {'field_1': {'required': False}}

        fields = TestSerializer().fields
        self.assertFalse(fields['field_1'].required)
        self.assertTrue(fields['field_2'].required)


class Issue3674Test(TestCase):
    def test_nonPK_foreignkey_model_serializer(self):
        class TestParentModel(models.Model):
            title = models.CharField(max_length=64)

        class TestChildModel(models.Model):
            parent = models.ForeignKey(TestParentModel, related_name='children', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
            value = models.CharField(primary_key=True, max_length=64)

        class TestChildModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = TestChildModel
                fields = ('value', 'parent')

        class TestParentModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = TestParentModel
                fields = ('id', 'title', 'children')

        parent_expected = dedent("""
            TestParentModelSerializer():
                id = IntegerField(label='ID', read_only=True)
                title = CharField(max_length=64)
                children = PrimaryKeyRelatedField(many=True, queryset=TestChildModel.objects.all())
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestParentModelSerializer()), parent_expected)

        child_expected = dedent("""
            TestChildModelSerializer():
                value = CharField(max_length=64, validators=[<UniqueValidator(queryset=TestChildModel.objects.all())>])
                parent = PrimaryKeyRelatedField(queryset=TestParentModel.objects.all())
        """)
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestChildModelSerializer()), child_expected)

    def test_nonID_PK_foreignkey_model_serializer(self):

        class TestChildModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = Issue3674ChildModel
                fields = ('value', 'parent')

        class TestParentModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = Issue3674ParentModel
                fields = ('id', 'title', 'children')

        parent = Issue3674ParentModel.objects.create(title='abc')
        child = Issue3674ChildModel.objects.create(value='def', parent=parent)

        parent_serializer = TestParentModelSerializer(parent)
        child_serializer = TestChildModelSerializer(child)

        parent_expected = {'children': ['def'], 'id': 1, 'title': 'abc'}
        self.assertEqual(parent_serializer.data, parent_expected)

        child_expected = {'parent': 1, 'value': 'def'}
        self.assertEqual(child_serializer.data, child_expected)


class Issue4897TestCase(TestCase):
    def test_should_assert_if_writing_readonly_fields(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = OneFieldModel
                fields = ('char_field',)
                readonly_fields = fields

        obj = OneFieldModel.objects.create(char_field='abc')

        with pytest.raises(AssertionError) as cm:
            TestSerializer(obj).fields
        cm.match(r'readonly_fields')


class Test5004UniqueChoiceField(TestCase):
    def test_unique_choice_field(self):
        class TestUniqueChoiceSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
                model = UniqueChoiceModel
                fields = '__all__'

        UniqueChoiceModel.objects.create(name='choice1')
        serializer = TestUniqueChoiceSerializer(data={'name': 'choice1'})
        assert not serializer.is_valid()
        assert serializer.errors == {'name': ['unique choice model with this name already exists.']}


class TestFieldSource(TestCase):
    def test_traverse_nullable_fk(self):
        """
        A dotted source with nullable elements uses default when any item in the chain is None. #5849.

        Similar to model example from test_serializer.py `test_default_for_multiple_dotted_source` method,
        but using RelatedField, rather than CharField.
        """
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            target = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(
                source='target.target', read_only=True, allow_null=True, default=None
            )

            class Meta:
                model = NestedForeignKeySource
                fields = ('target', )

        model = NestedForeignKeySource.objects.create()
        assert TestSerializer(model).data['target'] is None

    def test_named_field_source(self):
        class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

            class Meta:
                model = RegularFieldsModel
                fields = ('number_field',)
                extra_kwargs = {
                    'number_field': {
                        'source': 'integer_field'
                    }
                }

        expected = dedent("""
            TestSerializer():
                number_field = IntegerField(source='integer_field')
        """)
        self.maxDiff = None
        self.assertEqual(unicode_repr(TestSerializer()), expected)


class Issue6110TestModel(models.Model):
    """Model without .objects manager."""

    name = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    all_objects = models.Manager()


class Issue6110ModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Issue6110TestModel
        fields = ('name',)


class Issue6110Test(TestCase):

    def test_model_serializer_custom_manager(self):
        instance = Issue6110ModelSerializer().create({'name': 'test_name'})
        self.assertEqual(instance.name, 'test_name')

    def test_model_serializer_custom_manager_error_message(self):
        msginitial = ('Got a `TypeError` when calling `Issue6110TestModel.all_objects.create()`.')
        with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msginitial):
            Issue6110ModelSerializer().create({'wrong_param': 'wrong_param'})