mirror of
https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework.git
synced 2024-11-14 05:36:50 +03:00
227 lines
9.0 KiB
Markdown
227 lines
9.0 KiB
Markdown
# [Django REST framework][docs]
|
|
|
|
[![build-status-image]][build-status]
|
|
[![coverage-status-image]][codecov]
|
|
[![pypi-version]][pypi]
|
|
|
|
**Awesome web-browsable Web APIs.**
|
|
|
|
Full documentation for the project is available at [https://www.django-rest-framework.org/][docs].
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
# Funding
|
|
|
|
REST framework is a *collaboratively funded project*. If you use
|
|
REST framework commercially we strongly encourage you to invest in its
|
|
continued development by [signing up for a paid plan][funding].
|
|
|
|
The initial aim is to provide a single full-time position on REST framework.
|
|
*Every single sign-up makes a significant impact towards making that possible.*
|
|
|
|
[![][sentry-img]][sentry-url]
|
|
[![][stream-img]][stream-url]
|
|
[![][spacinov-img]][spacinov-url]
|
|
[![][retool-img]][retool-url]
|
|
[![][bitio-img]][bitio-url]
|
|
[![][posthog-img]][posthog-url]
|
|
[![][cryptapi-img]][cryptapi-url]
|
|
[![][fezto-img]][fezto-url]
|
|
|
|
Many thanks to all our [wonderful sponsors][sponsors], and in particular to our premium backers, [Sentry][sentry-url], [Stream][stream-url], [Spacinov][spacinov-url], [Retool][retool-url], [bit.io][bitio-url], [PostHog][posthog-url], [CryptAPI][cryptapi-url], and [FEZTO][fezto-url].
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
# Overview
|
|
|
|
Django REST framework is a powerful and flexible toolkit for building Web APIs.
|
|
|
|
Some reasons you might want to use REST framework:
|
|
|
|
* The [Web browsable API][sandbox] is a huge usability win for your developers.
|
|
* [Authentication policies][authentication] including optional packages for [OAuth1a][oauth1-section] and [OAuth2][oauth2-section].
|
|
* [Serialization][serializers] that supports both [ORM][modelserializer-section] and [non-ORM][serializer-section] data sources.
|
|
* Customizable all the way down - just use [regular function-based views][functionview-section] if you don't need the [more][generic-views] [powerful][viewsets] [features][routers].
|
|
* [Extensive documentation][docs], and [great community support][group].
|
|
|
|
There is a live example API for testing purposes, [available here][sandbox].
|
|
|
|
**Below**: *Screenshot from the browsable API*
|
|
|
|
![Screenshot][image]
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
# Requirements
|
|
|
|
* Python 3.6+
|
|
* Django 4.1, 4.0, 3.2, 3.1, 3.0
|
|
|
|
We **highly recommend** and only officially support the latest patch release of
|
|
each Python and Django series.
|
|
|
|
# Installation
|
|
|
|
Install using `pip`...
|
|
|
|
pip install djangorestframework
|
|
|
|
Add `'rest_framework'` to your `INSTALLED_APPS` setting.
|
|
```python
|
|
INSTALLED_APPS = [
|
|
...
|
|
'rest_framework',
|
|
]
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
# Example
|
|
|
|
Let's take a look at a quick example of using REST framework to build a simple model-backed API for accessing users and groups.
|
|
|
|
Startup up a new project like so...
|
|
|
|
pip install django
|
|
pip install djangorestframework
|
|
django-admin startproject example .
|
|
./manage.py migrate
|
|
./manage.py createsuperuser
|
|
|
|
|
|
Now edit the `example/urls.py` module in your project:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
|
|
from django.urls import include, path
|
|
from rest_framework import routers, serializers, viewsets
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Serializers define the API representation.
|
|
class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
|
|
class Meta:
|
|
model = User
|
|
fields = ['url', 'username', 'email', 'is_staff']
|
|
|
|
|
|
# ViewSets define the view behavior.
|
|
class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
|
|
queryset = User.objects.all()
|
|
serializer_class = UserSerializer
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Routers provide a way of automatically determining the URL conf.
|
|
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
|
|
router.register(r'users', UserViewSet)
|
|
|
|
# Wire up our API using automatic URL routing.
|
|
# Additionally, we include login URLs for the browsable API.
|
|
urlpatterns = [
|
|
path('', include(router.urls)),
|
|
path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework')),
|
|
]
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
We'd also like to configure a couple of settings for our API.
|
|
|
|
Add the following to your `settings.py` module:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
INSTALLED_APPS = [
|
|
... # Make sure to include the default installed apps here.
|
|
'rest_framework',
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
|
|
# Use Django's standard `django.contrib.auth` permissions,
|
|
# or allow read-only access for unauthenticated users.
|
|
'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
|
|
'rest_framework.permissions.DjangoModelPermissionsOrAnonReadOnly',
|
|
]
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
That's it, we're done!
|
|
|
|
./manage.py runserver
|
|
|
|
You can now open the API in your browser at `http://127.0.0.1:8000/`, and view your new 'users' API. If you use the `Login` control in the top right corner you'll also be able to add, create and delete users from the system.
|
|
|
|
You can also interact with the API using command line tools such as [`curl`](https://curl.haxx.se/). For example, to list the users endpoint:
|
|
|
|
$ curl -H 'Accept: application/json; indent=4' -u admin:password http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/
|
|
[
|
|
{
|
|
"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/1/",
|
|
"username": "admin",
|
|
"email": "admin@example.com",
|
|
"is_staff": true,
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
Or to create a new user:
|
|
|
|
$ curl -X POST -d username=new -d email=new@example.com -d is_staff=false -H 'Accept: application/json; indent=4' -u admin:password http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/
|
|
{
|
|
"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/2/",
|
|
"username": "new",
|
|
"email": "new@example.com",
|
|
"is_staff": false,
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# Documentation & Support
|
|
|
|
Full documentation for the project is available at [https://www.django-rest-framework.org/][docs].
|
|
|
|
For questions and support, use the [REST framework discussion group][group], or `#restframework` on libera.chat IRC.
|
|
|
|
You may also want to [follow the author on Twitter][twitter].
|
|
|
|
# Security
|
|
|
|
Please see the [security policy][security-policy].
|
|
|
|
[build-status-image]: https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework/actions/workflows/main.yml/badge.svg
|
|
[build-status]: https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework/actions/workflows/main.yml
|
|
[coverage-status-image]: https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/encode/django-rest-framework/master.svg
|
|
[codecov]: https://codecov.io/github/encode/django-rest-framework?branch=master
|
|
[pypi-version]: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/djangorestframework.svg
|
|
[pypi]: https://pypi.org/project/djangorestframework/
|
|
[twitter]: https://twitter.com/starletdreaming
|
|
[group]: https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups#!forum/django-rest-framework
|
|
[sandbox]: https://restframework.herokuapp.com/
|
|
|
|
[funding]: https://fund.django-rest-framework.org/topics/funding/
|
|
[sponsors]: https://fund.django-rest-framework.org/topics/funding/#our-sponsors
|
|
|
|
[sentry-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/sentry-readme.png
|
|
[stream-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/stream-readme.png
|
|
[spacinov-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/spacinov-readme.png
|
|
[retool-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/retool-readme.png
|
|
[bitio-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/bitio-readme.png
|
|
[posthog-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/posthog-readme.png
|
|
[cryptapi-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/cryptapi-readme.png
|
|
[fezto-img]: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/encode/django-rest-framework/master/docs/img/premium/fezto-readme.png
|
|
|
|
[sentry-url]: https://getsentry.com/welcome/
|
|
[stream-url]: https://getstream.io/?utm_source=DjangoRESTFramework&utm_medium=Webpage_Logo_Ad&utm_content=Developer&utm_campaign=DjangoRESTFramework_Jan2022_HomePage
|
|
[spacinov-url]: https://www.spacinov.com/
|
|
[retool-url]: https://retool.com/?utm_source=djangorest&utm_medium=sponsorship
|
|
[bitio-url]: https://bit.io/jobs?utm_source=DRF&utm_medium=sponsor&utm_campaign=DRF_sponsorship
|
|
[posthog-url]: https://posthog.com?utm_source=drf&utm_medium=sponsorship&utm_campaign=open-source-sponsorship
|
|
[cryptapi-url]: https://cryptapi.io
|
|
[fezto-url]: https://www.fezto.xyz/?utm_source=DjangoRESTFramework
|
|
|
|
[oauth1-section]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/authentication/#django-rest-framework-oauth
|
|
[oauth2-section]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/authentication/#django-oauth-toolkit
|
|
[serializer-section]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/serializers/#serializers
|
|
[modelserializer-section]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/serializers/#modelserializer
|
|
[functionview-section]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/views/#function-based-views
|
|
[generic-views]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/generic-views/
|
|
[viewsets]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/viewsets/
|
|
[routers]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/routers/
|
|
[serializers]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/serializers/
|
|
[authentication]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/authentication/
|
|
[image]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/img/quickstart.png
|
|
|
|
[docs]: https://www.django-rest-framework.org/
|
|
[security-policy]: https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework/security/policy
|